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Hsieh CJ, Zhan SH, Liao CP, Tang SL, Wang LC, Watanabe T, Geraldino PJL, Liu SL. The effects of contemporary selection and dispersal limitation on the community assembly of acidophilic microalgae. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2018; 54:720-733. [PMID: 30055054 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Extremophilic microalgae are primary producers in acidic habitats, such as volcanic sites and acid mine drainages, and play a central role in biogeochemical cycles. Yet, basic knowledge about their species composition and community assembly is lacking. Here, we begin to fill this knowledge gap by performing the first large-scale survey of microalgal diversity in acidic geothermal sites across the West Pacific Island Chain. We collected 72 environmental samples in 12 geothermal sites, measured temperature and pH, and performed rbcL amplicon-based 454 pyrosequencing. Using these data, we estimated the diversity of microalgal species, and then examined the relative contribution of contemporary selection (i.e., local environmental variables) and dispersal limitation on the assembly of these communities. A species delimitation analysis uncovered seven major microalgae (four red, two green, and one diatom) and higher species diversity than previously appreciated. A distance-based redundancy analysis with variation partitioning revealed that dispersal limitation has a greater influence on the community assembly of microalgae than contemporary selection. Consistent with this finding, community similarity among the sampled sites decayed more quickly over geographical distance than differences in environmental factors. Our work paves the way for future studies to understand the ecology and biogeography of microalgae in extreme habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Jung Hsieh
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, 40704, Taiwan
| | - Shing Hei Zhan
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Chen-Pan Liao
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, 40704, Taiwan
| | - Sen-Lin Tang
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chi Wang
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 621, Taiwan
| | - Tsuyoshi Watanabe
- Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research Agency, Miyagi, 985-0001, Japan
| | | | - Shao-Lun Liu
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, 40704, Taiwan
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Bio-recycling of metals: Recycling of technical products using biological applications. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1048-1062. [PMID: 29555455 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The increasing demand of different essential metals as a consequence of the development of new technologies, especially in the so called "low carbon technologies" require the development of innovative technologies that enable an economic and environmentally friendly metal recovery from primary and secondary resources. There is serious concern that the demand of some critical elements might exceed the present supply within a few years, thus necessitating the development of novel strategies and technologies to meet the requirements of industry and society. Besides an improvement of exploitation and processing of ores, the more urgent issue of recycling of strategic metals has to be enforced. However, current recycling rates are very low due to the increasing complexity of products and the low content of certain critical elements, thus hindering an economic metal recovery. On the other hand, increasing environmental consciousness as well as limitations of classical methods require innovative recycling methodologies in order to enable a circular economy. Modern biotechnologies can contribute to solve some of the problems related to metal recycling. These approaches use natural properties of organisms, bio-compounds, and biomolecules to interact with minerals, materials, metals, or metal ions such as surface attachment, mineral dissolution, transformation, and metal complexation. Further, modern genetic approaches, e.g. realized by synthetic biology, enable the smart design of new chemicals. The article presents some recent developments in the fields of bioleaching, biosorption, bioreduction, and bioflotation, and their use for metal recovery from different waste materials. Currently only few of these developments are commercialized. Major limitations are high costs in comparison to conventional methods and low element selectivity. The article discusses future trends to overcome these barriers. Especially interdisciplinary approaches, the combination of different technologies, the inclusion of modern genetic methods, as well as the consideration of existing, yet unexplored natural resources will push innovations in these fields.
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Jacinto J, Henriques B, Duarte AC, Vale C, Pereira E. Removal and recovery of Critical Rare Elements from contaminated waters by living Gracilaria gracilis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 344:531-538. [PMID: 29100132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The experiments performed in this work proved the ability of Gracilaria gracilis to concentrate and recover Critical Rare Elements (CRE) from contaminated waters. The importance of recycling these elements is related to their very limited sources in Nature and progressive use in technologies. Moreover, their mining exploitation has negative environmental impact, and recent studies point them as new emerging pollutants. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the application of living macroalgae for the removal and recovery of CRE. G. gracilis (2.5gL-1, fresh weight) was exposed to mono- and multi-element saline solutions of 500μgL-1 of Y, Ce, Nd, Eu and La. Removal was up to 70% in 48h, with bioaccumulation following Elovich kinetic model. In multi-element solutions, selectivity was not observed although removal of lanthanides improved comparatively to single-element solutions. No mortality or adverse effect on growth was registered. The subsequent macroalgae digestion allowed collecting virtually 100% of all elements in a 300-fold more concentrated solution. The overall results suggest the application of living macroalgae as a simple and effective alternative technology for removing and recovering CRE from wastewaters, contributing to an improvement of water quality and CRE recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Jacinto
- CESAM & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Henriques
- CESAM & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - A C Duarte
- CESAM & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Vale
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - E Pereira
- CESAM & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Acidophilic green algal genome provides insights into adaptation to an acidic environment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E8304-E8313. [PMID: 28893987 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1707072114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Some microalgae are adapted to extremely acidic environments in which toxic metals are present at high levels. However, little is known about how acidophilic algae evolved from their respective neutrophilic ancestors by adapting to particular acidic environments. To gain insights into this issue, we determined the draft genome sequence of the acidophilic green alga Chlamydomonas eustigma and performed comparative genome and transcriptome analyses between Ceustigma and its neutrophilic relative Chlamydomonas reinhardtii The results revealed the following features in Ceustigma that probably contributed to the adaptation to an acidic environment. Genes encoding heat-shock proteins and plasma membrane H+-ATPase are highly expressed in Ceustigma This species has also lost fermentation pathways that acidify the cytosol and has acquired an energy shuttle and buffering system and arsenic detoxification genes through horizontal gene transfer. Moreover, the arsenic detoxification genes have been multiplied in the genome. These features have also been found in other acidophilic green and red algae, suggesting the existence of common mechanisms in the adaptation to acidic environments.
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Hirooka S, Miyagishima SY. Cultivation of Acidophilic Algae Galdieria sulphuraria and Pseudochlorella sp. YKT1 in Media Derived from Acidic Hot Springs. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:2022. [PMID: 28066348 PMCID: PMC5167705 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae possess a high potential for producing pigments, antioxidants, and lipophilic compounds for industrial applications. However, the cultivation of microalgae comes at a high cost. To reduce the cost, changes from a closed bioreactor to open pond system and from a synthetic medium to environmental or wastewater-based medium are being sought. However, the use of open pond systems is currently limited because of contamination by undesirable organisms. To overcome this issue, one strategy is to combine acidophilic algae and acidic drainage in which other organisms are unable to thrive. Here, we tested waters from sulfuric acidic hot springs (Tamagawa, pH 1.15 and Tsukahara, pH 1.14) in Japan for the cultivation of the red alga Galdieria sulphuraria 074G and the green alga Pseudochlorella sp. YKT1. Both of these spring waters are rich in phosphate (0.043 and 0.145 mM, respectively) compared to other environmental freshwater sources. Neither alga grew in the spring water but they grew very well when the waters were supplemented with an inorganic nitrogen source. The algal yields were ∼2.73 g dry weight/L for G. sulphuraria and ∼2.49 g dry weight/L for P. sp. YKT1, which were comparable to those in an autotrophic synthetic medium. P. sp. YKT1 grew in the spring waters supplemented either of NH4+, NO3- or urea, while G. sulphuraria grew only when NH4+ was supplemented. For P. sp. YKT1, the spring water was adjusted to pH 2.0, while for G. sulphuraria, no pH adjustment was required. In both cases, no additional pH-buffering compound was required. The phycocyanin of the thermophilic G. sulphuraria is known to be more thermostable than that from the Spirulina platensis currently used in phycocyanin production for commercial use. The phycocyanin content in G. sulphuraria in the Tsukahara water supplemented with NH4+ was 107.42 ± 1.81 μg/mg dry weight, which is comparable to the level in S. platensis (148.3 μg/mg dry weight). P. sp. YKT1 cells in the Tamagawa water supplemented with a nitrogen source formed a large amount of lipid droplets while maintaining cellular growth. These results indicate the potential of sulfuric hot spring waters for large-scale algal cultivation at a low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Hirooka
- Department of Cell Genetics, National Institute of GeneticsMishima, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutionary Science and TechnologyKawaguchi, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Miyagishima
- Department of Cell Genetics, National Institute of GeneticsMishima, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutionary Science and TechnologyKawaguchi, Japan; Department of Genetics, Graduate University for Advanced StudiesMishima, Japan
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Martinez-Garcia M, van der Maarel MJEC. Floridoside production by the red microalga Galdieria sulphuraria under different conditions of growth and osmotic stress. AMB Express 2016; 6:71. [PMID: 27620735 PMCID: PMC5020028 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-016-0244-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Floridoside is a compatible solute synthesized by red algae that has attracted considerable attention due to its promising antifouling and therapeutic properties. However, research on industrial applications of floridoside is hampered by limited compound availability and the development of a production process yielding high amounts of this glycoside has not been explored yet. In the present work, floridoside accumulation by the red microalgae Galdieria sulphuraria under different conditions was investigated in order to optimize the production of this glycoside in this microalgae. G. sulphuraria shows consider advantages over other red algae as potential industrial producer of floridoside due to its unicellular nature, its ability to grow heterotrophically in complete darkness and its acidophilic lifestyle. The main compatible solute accumulated by G. sulphuraria under salt stress was purified, identified as floridoside by 1H-NMR and used as standard for quantification. Our results showed that applying the osmotic stress after the cells had grown first in medium with no salt resulted in higher floridoside yields compared to those obtained in cells growing under osmotic stress from the beginning. Among several parameters tested, the use of glycerol as carbon source for cell growth showed the most significant impact on floridoside accumulation, which reached a maximum of 56.8 mg/g dry biomass.
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Ju X, Igarashi K, Miyashita SI, Mitsuhashi H, Inagaki K, Fujii SI, Sawada H, Kuwabara T, Minoda A. Effective and selective recovery of gold and palladium ions from metal wastewater using a sulfothermophilic red alga, Galdieria sulphuraria. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 211:759-764. [PMID: 27118429 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The demand for precious metals has increased in recent years. However, low concentrations of precious metals dissolved in wastewater are yet to be recovered because of high operation costs and technical problems. The unicellular red alga, Galdieria sulphuraria, efficiently absorbs precious metals through biosorption. In this study, over 90% of gold and palladium could be selectively recovered from aqua regia-based metal wastewater by using G. sulphuraria. These metals were eluted from the cells into ammonium solutions containing 0.2M ammonium salts without other contaminating metals. The use of G. sulphuraria is an eco-friendly and cost-effective way of recovering low concentrations of gold and palladium discarded in metal wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Ju
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Kensuke Igarashi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Miyashita
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mitsuhashi
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Kazumi Inagaki
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Fujii
- National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Hitomi Sawada
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kuwabara
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Ayumi Minoda
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
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Ostroumov SA, Shestakova TV, Tropin IV. Biosorption of copper by biomass of extremophilic algae. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363215130150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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59
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Sakurai T, Aoki M, Ju X, Ueda T, Nakamura Y, Fujiwara S, Umemura T, Tsuzuki M, Minoda A. Profiling of lipid and glycogen accumulations under different growth conditions in the sulfothermophilic red alga Galdieria sulphuraria. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 200:861-866. [PMID: 26595665 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The unicellular red alga Galdieria sulphuraria grows efficiently and produces a large amount of biomass in acidic conditions at high temperatures. It has great potential to produce biofuels and other beneficial compounds without becoming contaminated with other organisms. In G. sulphuraria, biomass measurements and glycogen and lipid analyses demonstrated that the amounts and compositions of glycogen and lipids differed when cells were grown under autotrophic, mixotrophic, and heterotrophic conditions. Maximum biomass production was obtained in the mixotrophic culture. High amounts of glycogen were obtained in the mixotrophic cultures, while the amounts of neutral lipids were similar between mixotrophic and heterotrophic cultures. The amounts of neutral lipids were highest in red algae, including thermophiles. Glycogen structure and fatty acids compositions largely depended on the growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Sakurai
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Motohide Aoki
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Xiaohui Ju
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaragi 305-8572, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ueda
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yasunori Nakamura
- Faculty of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 010-0195, Japan
| | - Shoko Fujiwara
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Tomonari Umemura
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mikio Tsuzuki
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency, CREST, 5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Ayumi Minoda
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaragi 305-8572, Japan.
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Selvaratnam T, Reddy H, Muppaneni T, Holguin F, Nirmalakhandan N, Lammers PJ, Deng S. Optimizing energy yields from nutrient recycling using sequential hydrothermal liquefaction with Galdieria sulphuraria. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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