51
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Garcia-Mazcorro JF, Lage NN, Mertens-Talcott S, Talcott S, Chew B, Dowd SE, Kawas JR, Noratto GD. Effect of dark sweet cherry powder consumption on the gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, and biomarkers of gut health in obese db/db mice. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4195. [PMID: 29312822 PMCID: PMC5756454 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cherries are fruits containing fiber and bioactive compounds (e.g., polyphenolics) with the potential of helping patients with diabetes and weight disorders, a phenomenon likely related to changes in the complex host-microbiota milieu. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cherry supplementation on the gut bacterial composition, concentrations of caecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and biomarkers of gut health using an in vivo model of obesity. Obese diabetic (db/db) mice received a supplemented diet with 10% cherry powder (supplemented mice, n = 12) for 12 weeks; obese (n = 10) and lean (n = 10) mice served as controls and received a standard diet without cherry. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were used to analyze the gut microbiota; SCFAs and biomarkers of gut health were also measured using standard techniques. According to 16S sequencing, supplemented mice harbored a distinct colonic microbiota characterized by a higher abundance of mucin-degraders (i.e., Akkermansia) and fiber-degraders (the S24-7 family) as well as lower abundances of Lactobacillus and Enterobacteriaceae. Overall this particular cherry-associated colonic microbiota did not resemble the microbiota in obese or lean controls based on the analysis of weighted and unweighted UniFrac distance metrics. qPCR confirmed some of the results observed in sequencing, thus supporting the notion that cherry supplementation can change the colonic microbiota. Moreover, the SCFAs detected in supplemented mice (caproate, methyl butyrate, propionate, acetate and valerate) exceeded those concentrations detected in obese and lean controls except for butyrate. Despite the changes in microbial composition and SCFAs, most of the assessed biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and intestinal health in colon tissues and mucosal cells were similar in all obese mice with and without supplementation. This paper shows that dietary supplementation with cherry powder for 12 weeks affects the microbiota and the concentrations of SCFAs in the lower intestinal tract of obese db/db diabetic mice. These effects occurred in absence of differences in most biomarkers of inflammation and other parameters of gut health. Our study prompts more research into the potential clinical implications of cherry consumption as a dietary supplement in diabetic and obese human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose F Garcia-Mazcorro
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, Mexico.,Research and Development, MNA de Mexico, San Nicolas de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Nara N Lage
- Research Center in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Susanne Mertens-Talcott
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Stephen Talcott
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Boon Chew
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Scot E Dowd
- Molecular Research LP, Shallowater, TX, United States of America
| | - Jorge R Kawas
- Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, Mexico
| | - Giuliana D Noratto
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
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52
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Hussain A, Filiatrault M, Guiot SR. Acidogenic digestion of food waste in a thermophilic leach bed reactor: Effect of pH and leachate recirculation rate on hydrolysis and volatile fatty acid production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:1-9. [PMID: 28892677 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The effect of pH control (4, 5, 6, 7) on volatile fatty acids (VFA) production from food waste was investigated in a leach bed reactor (LBR) operated at 50°C. Stabilisation of pH at 7 resulted in hydrolysis yield of 530g soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD)/kg total volatile solids (TVS) added and VFA yield of 247gCOD/kg TVS added, which were highest among all pH tested. Butyric acid dominated the VFA mix (49-54%) at pH of 7 and 6, while acetate composed the primary VFA (41-56%) at pH of 4 and 5. A metabolic shift towards lactic acid production was observed at pH of 5. Improving leachate recirculation rate further improved the hydrolysis and degradation efficiency by 10-16% and the acidification yield to 340gCOD/kgTVS added. The butyric acid concentration of 16.8g/L obtained at neutral pH conditions is among the highest reported in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Hussain
- Anaerobic Technologies and Bioprocess Control Group, Energy, Mining and Environment, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mélissa Filiatrault
- Anaerobic Technologies and Bioprocess Control Group, Energy, Mining and Environment, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Canada
| | - Serge R Guiot
- Anaerobic Technologies and Bioprocess Control Group, Energy, Mining and Environment, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Canada.
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53
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Varrone C, Floriotis G, Heggeset TM, Le SB, Markussen S, Skiadas IV, Gavala HN. Continuous fermentation and kinetic experiments for the conversion of crude glycerol derived from second-generation biodiesel into 1,3 propanediol and butyric acid. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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54
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Stein UH, Wimmer B, Ortner M, Fuchs W, Bochmann G. Maximizing the production of butyric acid from food waste as a precursor for ABE-fermentation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 598:993-1000. [PMID: 28468123 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The current study reports on the maximization of butyric acid production from food waste using a mixed microbial fermentation. In semi-continuous fermentations the effect of three different pH values (5.5, 7.0 and 9.0), three different temperatures (37°C, 55°C and 70°C) and two levels of hydraulic retention time (HRT, 2days and 6days) on the formation of butyric acid as well as total volatile fatty acid production (tVFA) were investigated. Overall, pH5.5 provided the lowest butyric acid concentrations regardless of the temperature and the HRT. At mesophilic temperature (37°C) alkaline conditions (pH9.0) lead to a strong incline of tVFA as well as butyric acid concentration probably due to a decreased solubilization of the substrate. However, most efficient in terms of butyric acid production was the fermentation conducted at 55°C and pH7 where a butyric acid concentrations of 10.55g/L (HRT 2days) and 13.00g/L (HRT 6days) were achieved. Additional experiments at 70°C showed declining butyric acid production. Increase of the HRT from 2days to 6days provided an increment of butyric acid concentration throughout almost all experimental settings. However, regarding volumetric productivity the increase in concentration does not compensate for the bigger reactor volume required to establish a higher HRT. At pH7 and 55°C the resulting volumetric production rates were 5.27g/L∗d at a HRT 2days and only 2.17g/L∗d at a HRT of 6days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ullrich Heinz Stein
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria.
| | - B Wimmer
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Ortner
- Bioenergy 2020+ GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - W Fuchs
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Bochmann
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
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55
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Suo Y, Luo S, Zhang Y, Liao Z, Wang J. Enhanced butyric acid tolerance and production by Class I heat shock protein-overproducing Clostridium tyrobutyricum ATCC 25755. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 44:1145-1156. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-017-1939-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The response of Clostridium tyrobutyricum to butyric acid stress involves various stress-related genes, and therefore overexpression of stress-related genes can improve butyric acid tolerance and yield. Class I heat shock proteins (HSPs) play an important role in the process of protecting bacteria from sudden changes of extracellular stress by assisting protein folding correctly. The results of quantitative real-time PCR indicated that the Class I HSGs grpE, dnaK, dnaJ, groEL, groES, and htpG were significantly upregulated under butyric acid stress, especially the dnaK and groE operons. Overexpression of groESL and htpG could significantly improve the tolerance of C. tyrobutyricum to butyric acid, while overexpression of dnaK and dnaJ showed negative effects on butyric acid tolerance. Acid production was also significantly promoted by increased GroESL expression levels; the final butyric acid and acetic acid concentrations were 28.2 and 38% higher for C. tyrobutyricum ATCC 25755/groESL than for the wild-type strain. In addition, when fed-batch fermentation was carried out using cell immobilization in a fibrous-bed bioreactor, the butyric acid yield produced by C. tyrobutyricum ATCC 25755/groESL reached 52.2 g/L, much higher than that for the control. The improved butyric acid yield is probably attributable to the high GroES and GroEL levels, which can stabilize the biosynthetic machinery of C. tyrobutyricum under extracellular butyric acid stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukai Suo
- 0000 0004 1764 3838 grid.79703.3a School of Bioscience & Bioengineering South China University of Technology 510006 Guangzhou China
| | - Sheng Luo
- 0000 0004 1764 3838 grid.79703.3a School of Bioscience & Bioengineering South China University of Technology 510006 Guangzhou China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- 0000 0004 1764 3838 grid.79703.3a School of Bioscience & Bioengineering South China University of Technology 510006 Guangzhou China
| | - Zhengping Liao
- 0000 0004 1764 3838 grid.79703.3a School of Bioscience & Bioengineering South China University of Technology 510006 Guangzhou China
| | - Jufang Wang
- 0000 0004 1764 3838 grid.79703.3a School of Bioscience & Bioengineering South China University of Technology 510006 Guangzhou China
- 0000 0004 1764 3838 grid.79703.3a State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
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56
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Tee ZK, Jahim JM, Tan JP, Kim BH. Preeminent productivity of 1,3-propanediol by Clostridium butyricum JKT37 and the role of using calcium carbonate as pH neutraliser in glycerol fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 233:296-304. [PMID: 28285221 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Calcium carbonate was evaluated as a replacement for the base during the fermentation of glycerol by a highly productive strain of 1,3-propanediol (PDO), viz., Clostridium butyricum JKT37. Due to its high specific growth rate (µmax=0.53h-1), 40g/L of glycerol was completely converted into 19.6g/L of PDO in merely 7h of batch fermentation, leaving only acetate and butyrate as the by-products. The accumulation of these volatile fatty acids was circumvented with the addition of calcium carbonate as the pH neutraliser before the fermentation was inoculated. An optimal amount of 15g/L of calcium carbonate was statistically determined from screening with various glycerol concentrations (20-120g/L). By substituting potassium hydroxide with calcium carbonate as the pH neutraliser for fermentation in a bioreactor, a similar yield (YPDO/glycerol=0.6mol/mol) with a constant pH was achieved at the end of the fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Kang Tee
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jamaliah Md Jahim
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Jian Ping Tan
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Byung Hong Kim
- Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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57
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Fu H, Yang ST, Wang M, Wang J, Tang IC. Butyric acid production from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates by engineered Clostridium tyrobutyricum overexpressing xylose catabolism genes for glucose and xylose co-utilization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 234:389-396. [PMID: 28343058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Clostridium tyrobutyricum can utilize glucose and xylose as carbon source for butyric acid production. However, xylose catabolism is inhibited by glucose, hampering butyric acid production from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates containing both glucose and xylose. In this study, an engineered strain of C. tyrobutyricum Ct-pTBA overexpressing heterologous xylose catabolism genes (xylT, xylA, and xylB) was investigated for co-utilizing glucose and xylose present in hydrolysates of plant biomass, including soybean hull, corn fiber, wheat straw, rice straw, and sugarcane bagasse. Compared to the wild-type strain, Ct-pTBA showed higher xylose utilization without significant glucose catabolite repression, achieving near 100% utilization of glucose and xylose present in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates in bioreactor at pH 6. About 42.6g/L butyrate at a productivity of 0.56g/L·h and yield of 0.36g/g was obtained in batch fermentation, demonstrating the potential of C. tyrobutyricum Ct-pTBA for butyric acid production from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Fu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Minqi Wang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jufang Wang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - I-Ching Tang
- Bioprocessing Innovative Company, 4734 Bridle Path Ct., Dublin, OH 43017, USA
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58
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Fu H, Wang X, Sun Y, Yan L, Shen J, Wang J, Yang ST, Xiu Z. Effects of salting-out and salting-out extraction on the separation of butyric acid. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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59
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Experimental and Modeling Study of Esterification Reaction for Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate: Desirability Function Approach for Optimization and Prediction Comparative Study of RSM and ANN. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2016-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Butyl butyrate was synthesized by esterification of butyric acid with n-butanol using homogeneous catalyst methanesulfonic acid (MSA). The esterification process was optimized by the application of response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). 3 level-4 variables central composite design (CCD) of RSM and MLP 4-9-1 network of ANN was chosen for the experimental design and analysis. The quadratic response model of RSM was optimized using desirability function approach. Effects of independent variables on the yield of butyl butyrate were investigated. Various training algorithm such as IBP, QP, GA, LM, BFGS, and CG was used for training experimental response data for the ANN study. By sensitivity analysis, the relative significance of 36.98 % confirmed that the molar ratio was the main affecting parameter on the yield of butyl butyrate. In prediction comparative study, ANN model was found better than the RSM model with high values of R2 (0.9998) and lower values of RMSE (0.2435), SEP (0.324 %), and AAD (0.0086 %) compared to RSM (R2=0.9862, RMSE=2.3095, SEP=3.076 %, AAD=0.6459 %). The accuracy of the RSM and ANN models were judged by validation test by performing unseen data experiments.
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60
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61
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Kataoka N, Vangnai AS, Pongtharangkul T, Yakushi T, Matsushita K. Butyrate production under aerobic growth conditions by engineered Escherichia coli. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 123:562-568. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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62
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Chen X, Gao C, Guo L, Hu G, Luo Q, Liu J, Nielsen J, Chen J, Liu L. DCEO Biotechnology: Tools To Design, Construct, Evaluate, and Optimize the Metabolic Pathway for Biosynthesis of Chemicals. Chem Rev 2017; 118:4-72. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiulai Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key
Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Cong Gao
- State
Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key
Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Liang Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key
Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guipeng Hu
- State
Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key
Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qiuling Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key
Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jia Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key
Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Department
of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden
- Novo
Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jian Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key
Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Liming Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Department
of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg SE-412 96, Sweden
- Key
Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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63
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Metabolic engineering of Clostridium tyrobutyricum for enhanced butyric acid production from glucose and xylose. Metab Eng 2017; 40:50-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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64
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Huang J, Zhu H, Tang W, Wang P, Yang ST. Butyric acid production from oilseed rape straw by Clostridium tyrobutyricum immobilized in a fibrous bed bioreactor. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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65
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Ai B, Chi X, Meng J, Sheng Z, Zheng L, Zheng X, Li J. Consolidated Bioprocessing for Butyric Acid Production from Rice Straw with Undefined Mixed Culture. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1648. [PMID: 27822203 PMCID: PMC5076434 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable source with great potential for biofuels and bioproducts. However, the cost of cellulolytic enzymes limits the utilization of the low-cost bioresource. This study aimed to develop a consolidated bioprocessing without the need of supplementary cellulase for butyric acid production from lignocellulosic biomass. A stirred-tank reactor with a working volume of 21 L was constructed and operated in batch and semi-continuous fermentation modes with a cellulolytic butyrate-producing microbial community. The semi-continuous fermentation with intermittent discharging of the culture broth and replenishment with fresh medium achieved the highest butyric acid productivity of 2.69 g/(L· d). In semi-continuous operation mode, the butyric acid and total carboxylic acid concentrations of 16.2 and 28.9 g/L, respectively, were achieved. Over the 21-day fermentation period, their cumulative yields reached 1189 and 2048 g, respectively, corresponding to 41 and 74% of the maximum theoretical yields based on the amount of NaOH pretreated rice straw fed in. This study demonstrated that an undefined mixed culture-based consolidated bioprocessing for butyric acid production can completely eliminate the cost of supplementary cellulolytic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binling Ai
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin, China
| | - Xue Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin, China
| | - Jia Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin, China
| | - Zhanwu Sheng
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Haikou, China
| | - Lili Zheng
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Haikou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Haikou, China
| | - Jianzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin, China
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66
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Kim M, Kim KY, Lee KM, Youn SH, Lee SM, Woo HM, Oh MK, Um Y. Butyric acid production from softwood hydrolysate by acetate-consuming Clostridium sp. S1 with high butyric acid yield and selectivity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:1208-1214. [PMID: 27474955 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the butyric acid production from softwood hydrolysate by acetate-consuming Clostridium sp. S1. Results showed that Clostridium sp. S1 produced butyric acid by simultaneously utilizing glucose and mannose in softwood hydrolysate and, more remarkably, it consumed acetic acid in hydrolysate. Clostridium sp. S1 utilized each of glucose, mannose, and xylose as well as mixed sugars simultaneously with partially repressed xylose utilization. When softwood (Japanese larch) hydrolysate containing glucose and mannose as the main sugars was used, Clostridium sp. S1 produced 21.17g/L butyric acid with the yield of 0.47g/g sugar and the selectivity of 1 (g butyric acid/g total acids) owing to the consumption of acetic acid in hydrolysate. The results demonstrate potential of Clostridium sp. S1 to produce butyric acid selectively and effectively from hydrolysate not only by utilizing mixed sugars simultaneously but also by converting acetic acid to butyric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsun Kim
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Yeon Kim
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea; Clean Energy and Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Lee
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hun Youn
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Mi Lee
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea; Clean Energy and Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Min Woo
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea; Clean Energy and Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyu Oh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsoon Um
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea; Clean Energy and Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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67
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The acquisition of Clostridium tyrobutyricum mutants with improved bioproduction under acidic conditions after two rounds of heavy-ion beam irradiation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29968. [PMID: 27426447 PMCID: PMC4947956 DOI: 10.1038/srep29968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
End-product inhibition is a key factor limiting the production of organic acid during
fermentation. Two rounds of heavy-ion beam irradiation may be an inexpensive,
indispensable and reliable approach to increase the production of butyric acid
during industrial fermentation processes. However, studies of the application of
heavy ion radiation for butyric acid fermentation engineering are lacking. In this
study, a second 12C6+ heavy-ion irradiation-response
curve is used to describe the effect of exposure to a given dose of heavy ions on
mutant strains of Clostridium tyrobutyricum. Versatile statistical elements
are introduced to characterize the mechanism and factors contributing to improved
butyric acid production and enhanced acid tolerance in adapted mutant strains
harvested from the fermentations. We characterized the physiological properties of
the strains over a large pH value gradient, which revealed that the mutant strains
obtained after a second round of radiation exposure were most resistant to harsh
external pH values and were better able to tolerate external pH values between 4.5
and 5.0. A customized second round of heavy-ion beam irradiation may be invaluable
in process engineering.
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Oswald F, Dörsam S, Veith N, Zwick M, Neumann A, Ochsenreither K, Syldatk C. Sequential Mixed Cultures: From Syngas to Malic Acid. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:891. [PMID: 27445993 PMCID: PMC4914491 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis gas (syngas) fermentation using acetogenic bacteria is an approach for production of bulk chemicals like acetate, ethanol, butanol, or 2,3-butandiol avoiding the fuel vs. food debate by using carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen from gasification of biomass or industrial waste gases. Suffering from energetic limitations, yields of C4-molecules produced by syngas fermentation are quite low compared with ABE fermentation using sugars as a substrate. On the other hand, fungal production of malic acid has high yields of product per gram metabolized substrate but is currently limited to sugar containing substrates. In this study, it was possible to show that Aspergilus oryzae is able to produce malic acid using acetate as sole carbon source which is a main product of acetogenic syngas fermentation. Bioreactor cultivations were conducted in 2.5 L stirred tank reactors. During the syngas fermentation part of the sequential mixed culture, Clostridium ljungdahlii was grown in modified Tanner medium and sparged with 20 mL/min of artificial syngas mimicking a composition of clean syngas from entrained bed gasification of straw (32.5 vol-% CO, 32.5 vol-% H2, 16 vol-% CO2, and 19 vol-% N2) using a microsparger. Syngas consumption was monitored via automated gas chromatographic measurement of the off-gas. For the fungal fermentation part gas sparging was switched to 0.6 L/min of air and a standard sparger. Ammonia content of medium for syngas fermentation was reduced to 0.33 g/L NH4Cl to meet the requirements for fungal production of dicarboxylic acids. Malic acid production performance of A. oryzae in organic acid production medium and syngas medium with acetate as sole carbon source was verified and gave YP∕S values of 0.28 g/g and 0.37 g/g respectively. Growth and acetate formation of C. ljungdahlii during syngas fermentation were not affected by the reduced ammonia content and 66 % of the consumed syngas was converted to acetate. The overall conversion of CO and H2 into malic acid was calculated to be 3.5 g malic acid per mol of consumed syngas or 0.22 g malic acid per gram of syngas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Oswald
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefan Dörsam
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nicolas Veith
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michaela Zwick
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Anke Neumann
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Katrin Ochsenreither
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe, Germany
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Deciphering Clostridium tyrobutyricum Metabolism Based on the Whole-Genome Sequence and Proteome Analyses. mBio 2016; 7:mBio.00743-16. [PMID: 27302759 PMCID: PMC4916380 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00743-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Clostridium tyrobutyricum is a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium that efficiently produces butyric acid and is considered a promising host for anaerobic production of bulk chemicals. Due to limited knowledge on the genetic and metabolic characteristics of this strain, however, little progress has been made in metabolic engineering of this strain. Here we report the complete genome sequence of C. tyrobutyricum KCTC 5387 (ATCC 25755), which consists of a 3.07-Mbp chromosome and a 63-kbp plasmid. The results of genomic analyses suggested that C. tyrobutyricum produces butyrate from butyryl-coenzyme A (butyryl-CoA) through acetate reassimilation by CoA transferase, differently from Clostridium acetobutylicum, which uses the phosphotransbutyrylase-butyrate kinase pathway; this was validated by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) of related genes, protein expression levels, in vitro CoA transferase assay, and fed-batch fermentation. In addition, the changes in protein expression levels during the course of batch fermentations on glucose were examined by shotgun proteomics. Unlike C. acetobutylicum, the expression levels of proteins involved in glycolytic and fermentative pathways in C. tyrobutyricum did not decrease even at the stationary phase. Proteins related to energy conservation mechanisms, including Rnf complex, NfnAB, and pyruvate-phosphate dikinase that are absent in C. acetobutylicum, were identified. Such features explain why this organism can produce butyric acid to a much higher titer and better tolerate toxic metabolites. This study presenting the complete genome sequence, global protein expression profiles, and genome-based metabolic characteristics during the batch fermentation of C. tyrobutyricum will be valuable in designing strategies for metabolic engineering of this strain. IMPORTANCE Bio-based production of chemicals from renewable biomass has become increasingly important due to our concerns on climate change and other environmental problems. C. tyrobutyricum has been used for efficient butyric acid production. In order to further increase the performance and expand the capabilities of this strain toward production of other chemicals, metabolic engineering needs to be performed. For this, better understanding on the metabolic and physiological characteristics of this bacterium at the genome level is needed. This work reporting the results of complete genomic and proteomic analyses together with new insights on butyric acid biosynthetic pathway and energy conservation will allow development of strategies for metabolic engineering of C. tyrobutyricum for the bio-based production of various chemicals in addition to butyric acid.
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Draft Genome Sequence of the Butyric Acid Producer Clostridium tyrobutyricum Strain CIP I-776 (IFP923). GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2016; 4:4/2/e00048-16. [PMID: 26941139 PMCID: PMC4777750 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00048-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Clostridium tyrobutyricum CIP I-776 (IFP923), an efficient producer of butyric acid. The genome consists of a single chromosome of 3.19 Mb and provides useful data concerning the metabolic capacities of the strain.
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Wang J, Lin M, Xu M, Yang ST. Anaerobic Fermentation for Production of Carboxylic Acids as Bulk Chemicals from Renewable Biomass. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 156:323-361. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2015_5009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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72
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Colorimetric sensing of various organic acids by using polydiacetylene/zinc oxide nanocomposites: Effects of polydiacetylene and acid structures. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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73
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Baroi GN, Skiadas IV, Westermann P, Gavala HN. Effect of in situ acids removal on mixed glucose and xylose fermentation by Clostridium tyrobutyricum. AMB Express 2015; 5:67. [PMID: 26516087 PMCID: PMC4626469 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-015-0153-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of potassium ions and increasing concentrations of glucose and xylose on the growth of a strain of Clostridium tyrobutyricum, adapted to wheat straw hydrolysate, was investigated. Application of continuous fermentation of a mixture of glucose and xylose and in situ acid removal by reverse electro enhanced dialysis (REED) was investigated as a method to alleviate potassium and end-product inhibition and consequently enhance the sugar consumption rates and butyric acid productivity. It was found that glucose and xylose were not inhibitory up to a concentration of 50 and 37 g L−1 respectively, and that they were consumed at comparable rates when fermented alone. However, continuous fermentation of a mixture of glucose and xylose resulted in a significantly decreased xylose consumption rate compared to that of glucose alone, supporting the conclusion that C. tyrobutyricum has a lower affinity for xylose than for glucose. Potassium ions negatively affected the effective maximum growth rate of C. tyrobutyricum at concentrations higher than 5 g L−1 exhibiting a non-competitive type of inhibition. Continuous fermentation of a glucose and xylose mixture with simultaneous acid removal by REED resulted in a two to threefold increase of the glucose consumption rate, while the xylose consumption rate was enhanced sixfold compared to continuous fermentation without in situ acid removal. Similarly, butyric acid productivity was enhanced by a factor of 2–3, while the yield remained unaffected.
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Deng Y, Mao Y, Zhang X. Driving carbon flux through exogenous butyryl-CoA: Acetate CoA-transferase to produce butyric acid at high titer in Thermobifida fusca. J Biotechnol 2015; 216:151-7. [PMID: 26535965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Butyric acid, a 4-carbon short chain fatty acid, is widely used in chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries. The low activity of butyryl-CoA: acetate CoA-transferase in Thermobifida fusca muS, a thermophilic actinobacterium whose optimal temperature was 55°C, was found to hinder the accumulation of high yield of butyric acid. In order to solve this problem, an exogenous butyryl-CoA: acetate CoA-transferase gene (actA) from Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum DSM571 was integrated into the chromosome of T. fusca muS by replacing celR gene, forming T. fusca muS-1. We demonstrated that on 5g/L cellulose, the yield of butyric acid by the engineered muS-1 strain was increased by 42.9 % compared to the muS strain. On 100g/L of cellulose, the muS-1 strain could consume 90.5% of total cellulose in 144h, with 33.2g/L butyric acid produced. Furthermore, on the mix substrates including the major components of biomass: cellulose, xylose, mannose and galactose, 70.4g/L butyric acid was produced in 168h by fed-batch fermentation. To validate the ability of fermenting biomass, the muS-1 strain was grown on the milled corn stover ranging from 200 to 250μm. The muS-1 strain had the highest butyrate titer 17.1g/L on 90g/L corn stover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Yin Mao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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75
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Gu F, Chen Y, Fang Y, Wu G, Tan L. Contribution of Bacillus Isolates to the Flavor Profiles of Vanilla Beans Assessed through Aroma Analysis and Chemometrics. Molecules 2015; 20:18422-36. [PMID: 26473810 PMCID: PMC6331939 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201018422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colonizing Bacillus in vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) beans is involved in glucovanillin hydrolysis and vanillin formation during conventional curing. The flavor profiles of vanilla beans under Bacillus-assisted curing were analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, electronic nose, and quantitative sensory analysis. The flavor profiles were analytically compared among the vanilla beans under Bacillus-assisted curing, conventional curing, and non-microorganism-assisted curing. Vanilla beans added with Bacillus vanillea XY18 and Bacillus subtilis XY20 contained higher vanillin (3.58% ± 0.05% and 3.48% ± 0.10%, respectively) than vanilla beans that underwent non-microorganism-assisted curing and conventional curing (3.09% ± 0.14% and 3.21% ± 0.15%, respectively). Forty-two volatiles were identified from endogenous vanilla metabolism. Five other compounds were identified from exogenous Bacillus metabolism. Electronic nose data confirmed that vanilla flavors produced through the different curing processes were easily distinguished. Quantitative sensory analysis confirmed that Bacillus-assisted curing increased vanillin production without generating any unpleasant sensory attribute. Partial least squares regression further provided a correlation model of different measurements. Overall, we comparatively analyzed the flavor profiles of vanilla beans under Bacillus-assisted curing, indirectly demonstrated the mechanism of vanilla flavor formation by microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Gu
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China.
| | - Yonggan Chen
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China.
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Qiongzhou University, Sanya 572022, Hainan, China.
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Yiming Fang
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China.
| | - Guiping Wu
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China.
| | - Lehe Tan
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China.
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Baroi GN, Baumann I, Westermann P, Gavala HN. Butyric acid fermentation from pretreated and hydrolysed wheat straw by an adapted Clostridium tyrobutyricum strain. Microb Biotechnol 2015; 8:874-82. [PMID: 26230610 PMCID: PMC4554475 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Butyric acid is a valuable building-block for the production of chemicals and materials and nowadays it is produced exclusively from petroleum. The aim of this study was to develop a suitable and robust strain of Clostridium tyrobutyricum that produces butyric acid at a high yield and selectivity from lignocellulosic biomasses. Pretreated (by wet explosion) and enzymatically hydrolysed wheat straw (PHWS), rich in C6 and C5 sugars (71.6 and 55.4 g l−1 of glucose and xylose respectively), was used as substrate. After one year of serial selections, an adapted strain of C. tyrobutyricum was developed. The adapted strain was able to grow in 80% (v v−1) PHWS without addition of yeast extract compared with an initial tolerance to less than 10% PHWS and was able to ferment both glucose and xylose. It is noticeable that the adapted C. tyrobutyricum strain was characterized by a high yield and selectivity to butyric acid. Specifically, the butyric acid yield at 60–80% PHWS lie between 0.37 and 0.46 g g−1 of sugar, while the selectivity for butyric acid was as high as 0.9–1.0 g g−1 of acid. Moreover, the strain exhibited a robust response in regards to growth and product profile at pH 6 and 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- G N Baroi
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University (AAU), A.C. Meyers Vaenge 15, DK 2450, Copenhagen, SV, Denmark
| | - I Baumann
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University (AAU), A.C. Meyers Vaenge 15, DK 2450, Copenhagen, SV, Denmark
| | - P Westermann
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University (AAU), A.C. Meyers Vaenge 15, DK 2450, Copenhagen, SV, Denmark
| | - H N Gavala
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University (AAU), A.C. Meyers Vaenge 15, DK 2450, Copenhagen, SV, Denmark
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78
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Soo CS, Yap WS, Hon WM, Phang LY. Mini review: hydrogen and ethanol co-production from waste materials via microbial fermentation. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:1475-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1902-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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79
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Lee KM, Kim KY, Choi O, Woo HM, Kim Y, Han SO, Sang BI, Um Y. In situ detoxification of lignocellulosic hydrolysate using a surfactant for butyric acid production by Clostridium tyrobutyricum ATCC 25755. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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80
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Separation of butyric acid in fixed bed column with solvent impregnated resin containing ammonium ionic liquid. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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81
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Baroi GN, Skiadas IV, Westermann P, Gavala HN. Continuous Fermentation of Wheat Straw Hydrolysate by Clostridium tyrobutyricum with In-Situ Acids Removal. WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION 2015; 6:317-326. [PMID: 26855685 PMCID: PMC4734455 DOI: 10.1007/s12649-015-9348-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study focused on fermentative butyric acid production by Clostridium tyrobutyricum from pre-treated and hydrolysed wheat straw (PHWS) based on continuous operation mode and in situ acids extraction by reverse electro enhanced dialysis (REED). Different dilutions of PHWS in a synthetic medium (60-100 % v/v) were tested. It was found that continuous fermentation of PHWS greatly enhanced the sugar consumption rates and butyric acid productivity compared to batch tests, while application of REED enhanced them even further. Specifically, applying combined continuous operation mode and REED system for the fermentation of 70 % PHWS resulted in 19- and 53-fold higher glucose (1.37 g L-1 h-1) and xylose (0.80 g L-1 h-1) consumption rates, respectively, compared to those obtained by batch processing. Fermentation of 100 % PHWS continued unhindered with just urea and K2HPO4 added with butyric acid production rate, yield and selectivity being 1.30 g L-1 h-1, 0.45 g g-1 sugars and 0.88 g g-1 acids, respectively. These results were also confirmed in a 20 L pilot plant bioreactor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. N. Baroi
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Aalborg University (AAU), A C Meyers Vænge 15, 2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| | - I. V. Skiadas
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Aalborg University (AAU), A C Meyers Vænge 15, 2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| | - P. Westermann
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Aalborg University (AAU), A C Meyers Vænge 15, 2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| | - H. N. Gavala
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Aalborg University (AAU), A C Meyers Vænge 15, 2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark
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82
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Thakker C, Martínez I, Li W, San KY, Bennett GN. Metabolic engineering of carbon and redox flow in the production of small organic acids. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 42:403-22. [PMID: 25502283 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1560-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The review describes efforts toward metabolic engineering of production of organic acids. One aspect of the strategy involves the generation of an appropriate amount and type of reduced cofactor needed for the designed pathway. The ability to capture reducing power in the proper form, NADH or NADPH for the biosynthetic reactions leading to the organic acid, requires specific attention in designing the host and also depends on the feedstock used and cell energetic requirements for efficient metabolism during production. Recent work on the formation and commercial uses of a number of small mono- and diacids is discussed with redox differences, major biosynthetic precursors and engineering strategies outlined. Specific attention is given to those acids that are used in balancing cell redox or providing reduction equivalents for the cell, such as formate, which can be used in conjunction with metabolic engineering of other products to improve yields. Since a number of widely studied acids derived from oxaloacetate as an important precursor, several of these acids are covered with the general strategies and particular components summarized, including succinate, fumarate and malate. Since malate and fumarate are less reduced than succinate, the availability of reduction equivalents and level of aerobiosis are important parameters in optimizing production of these compounds in various hosts. Several other more oxidized acids are also discussed as in some cases, they may be desired products or their formation is minimized to afford higher yields of more reduced products. The placement and connections among acids in the typical central metabolic network are presented along with the use of a number of specific non-native enzymes to enhance routes to high production, where available alternative pathways and strategies are discussed. While many organic acids are derived from a few precursors within central metabolism, each organic acid has its own special requirements for high production and best compatibility with host physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandresh Thakker
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
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83
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Converting carbon dioxide to butyrate with an engineered strain of Clostridium ljungdahlii. mBio 2014; 5:e01636-14. [PMID: 25336453 PMCID: PMC4212834 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01636-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial conversion of carbon dioxide to organic commodities via syngas metabolism or microbial electrosynthesis is an attractive option for production of renewable biocommodities. The recent development of an initial genetic toolbox for the acetogen Clostridium ljungdahlii has suggested that C. ljungdahlii may be an effective chassis for such conversions. This possibility was evaluated by engineering a strain to produce butyrate, a valuable commodity that is not a natural product of C. ljungdahlii metabolism. Heterologous genes required for butyrate production from acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) were identified and introduced initially on plasmids and in subsequent strain designs integrated into the C. ljungdahlii chromosome. Iterative strain designs involved increasing translation of a key enzyme by modifying a ribosome binding site, inactivating the gene encoding the first step in the conversion of acetyl-CoA to acetate, disrupting the gene which encodes the primary bifunctional aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase for ethanol production, and interrupting the gene for a CoA transferase that potentially represented an alternative route for the production of acetate. These modifications yielded a strain in which ca. 50 or 70% of the carbon and electron flow was diverted to the production of butyrate with H2 or CO as the electron donor, respectively. These results demonstrate the possibility of producing high-value commodities from carbon dioxide with C. ljungdahlii as the catalyst. Importance: The development of a microbial chassis for efficient conversion of carbon dioxide directly to desired organic products would greatly advance the environmentally sustainable production of biofuels and other commodities. Clostridium ljungdahlii is an effective catalyst for microbial electrosynthesis, a technology in which electricity generated with renewable technologies, such as solar or wind, powers the conversion of carbon dioxide and water to organic products. Other electron donors for C. ljungdahlii include carbon monoxide, which can be derived from industrial waste gases or the conversion of recalcitrant biomass to syngas, as well as hydrogen, another syngas component. The finding that carbon and electron flow in C. ljungdahlii can be diverted from the production of acetate to butyrate synthesis is an important step toward the goal of renewable commodity production from carbon dioxide with this organism.
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84
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Effect of pH and buffer on butyric acid production and microbial community characteristics in bioconversion of rice straw with undefined mixed culture. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-013-0655-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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85
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Production of butyric acid by a cellulolytic actinobacterium Thermobifida fusca on cellulose. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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86
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Cerrone F, Duane G, Casey E, Davis R, Belton I, Kenny ST, Guzik MW, Woods T, Babu RP, O'Connor K. Fed-batch strategies using butyrate for high cell density cultivation of Pseudomonas putida and its use as a biocatalyst. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:9217-28. [PMID: 25104034 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5989-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A mathematically based fed-batch bioprocess demonstrated the suitability of using a relatively cheap and renewable substrate (butyric acid) for Pseudomonas putida CA-3 high cell density cultivation. Butyric acid fine-tuned addition is critical to extend the fermentation run and avoid oxygen consumption while maximising the biomass volumetric productivity. A conservative submaximal growth rate (μ of 0.25 h(-1)) achieved 71.3 g L(-1) of biomass after 42 h of fed-batch growth. When a more ambitious feed rate was supplied in order to match a μ of 0.35 h(-1), the volumetric productivity was increased to 2.0 g L(-1) h(-1), corresponding to a run of 25 h and 50 g L(-1) of biomass. Both results represent the highest biomass and the best biomass volumetric productivity with butyrate as a sole carbon source. However, medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate (mcl-PHA) accumulation with butyrate grown cells is low (4 %). To achieve a higher mcl-PHA volumetric productivity, decanoate was supplied to butyrate grown cells. This strategy resulted in a PHA volumetric productivity of 4.57 g L(-1) h(-1) in the PHA production phase and 1.63 g L(-1) h(-1)over the lifetime of the fermentation, with a maximum mcl-PHA accumulation of 65 % of the cell dry weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cerrone
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Volker AR, Gogerty DS, Bartholomay C, Hennen-Bierwagen T, Zhu H, Bobik TA. Fermentative production of short-chain fatty acids in Escherichia coli. Microbiology (Reading) 2014; 160:1513-1522. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.078329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli was engineered for the production of even- and odd-chain fatty acids (FAs) by fermentation. Co-production of thiolase, hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, crotonase and trans-enoyl-CoA reductase from a synthetic operon allowed the production of butyrate, hexanoate and octanoate. Elimination of native fermentation pathways by genetic deletion (ΔldhA, ΔadhE, ΔackA, Δpta, ΔfrdC) helped eliminate undesired by-products and increase product yields. Initial butyrate production rates were high (0.7 g l−1 h−1) but quickly levelled off and further study suggested this was due to product toxicity and/or acidification of the growth medium. Results also showed that endogenous thioesterases significantly influenced product formation. In particular, deletion of the yciA thioesterase gene substantially increased hexanoate production while decreasing the production of butyrate. E. coli was also engineered to co-produce enzymes for even-chain FA production (described above) together with a coenzyme B12-dependent pathway for the production of propionyl-CoA, which allowed the production of odd-chain FAs (pentanoate and heptanoate). The B12-dependent pathway used here has the potential to allow the production of odd-chain FAs from a single growth substrate (glucose) in a more energy-efficient manner than the prior methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R. Volker
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - David S. Gogerty
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Christian Bartholomay
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Tracie Hennen-Bierwagen
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Huilin Zhu
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Thomas A. Bobik
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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88
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Zhou X, Wang SY, Lu XH, Liang JP. Comparison of the effects of high energy carbon heavy ion irradiation and Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. on biosynthesis butyric acid efficiency in Clostridium tyrobutyricum. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 161:221-229. [PMID: 24704888 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Clostridium tyrobutyricum is well documented as a fermentation strain for the production of butyric acid. In this work, using high-energy carbon heavy ion irradiated C. tyrobutyricum, then butyric acid fermentation using glucose or alkali and acid pretreatments of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. as a carbon source was carried out. Initially, the modes at pH 5.7-6.5 and 37°C were compared using a model medium containing glucose as a carbon source. When the 72gL(-1) glucose concentration was found to be the highest yield, the maximum butyric acid production from glucose increased significantly, from 24gL(-1) for the wild type strains to 37gL(-1) for the strain irradiated at 126AMeV and a dose of 35Gy and a 10(7)ions/pulse. By feeding 100gL(-1) acid pretreatments of E. ulmoides Oliv. into the fermentations, butyrate yields (5.8gL(-1)) and butyrate/acetate (B/A) ratio (4.32) were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Rd., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
| | - Shu-Yang Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Rd., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xi-Hong Lu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Rd., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Jian-Ping Liang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Rd., Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China.
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89
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Saini M, Wang ZW, Chiang CJ, Chao YP. Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for production of butyric acid. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:4342-8. [PMID: 24773075 DOI: 10.1021/jf500355p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The butyrate production by engineered Escherichia coli is afflicted by both low titer and low selectivity (defined as the butyrate/acetate (B/A) ratio). To address this issue, a strategy for metabolic engineering of E. coli was implemented including (1) elimination of all major NADH-dependent reactions in the fermentation metabolism, (2) reconstruction of a heterologous pathway leading to butyryl-CoA, (3) recruitment of endogenous atoDA for conversion of butyryl-CoA to butyrate with acetate as a CoA acceptor, and (4) removal of the acetate-synthesis pathway. Grown on glucose (20 g/L) plus acetate (8 g/L), the engineered strain consumed almost all glucose and acetate and produced 10 g/L butyrate as a predominant product within 48 h. It leads to high butyrate selectivity with the B/A ratio reaching 143. The result shows that our proposed approach may open a new avenue in biotechnology for production of butyrate in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Saini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University 100 Wenhwa Road, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
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90
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Jang YS, Im JA, Choi SY, Lee JI, Lee SY. Metabolic engineering of Clostridium acetobutylicum for butyric acid production with high butyric acid selectivity. Metab Eng 2014; 23:165-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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91
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Zhou X, Lu XH, Li XH, Xin ZJ, Xie JR, Zhao MR, Wang L, Du WY, Liang JP. Radiation induces acid tolerance of Clostridium tyrobutyricum and enhances bioproduction of butyric acid through a metabolic switch. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2014; 7:22. [PMID: 24533663 PMCID: PMC3931924 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-7-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Butyric acid as a renewable resource has become an increasingly attractive alternative to petroleum-based fuels. Clostridium tyrobutyricum ATCC 25755T is well documented as a fermentation strain for the production of acids. However, it has been reported that butyrate inhibits its growth, and the accumulation of acetate also inhibits biomass synthesis, making production of butyric acid from conventional fermentation processes economically challenging. The present study aimed to identify whether irradiation of C. tyrobutyricum cells makes them more tolerant to butyric acid inhibition and increases the production of butyrate compared with wild type. RESULTS In this work, the fermentation kinetics of C. tyrobutyricum cultures after being classically adapted for growth at 3.6, 7.2 and 10.8 g·L-1 equivalents were studied. The results showed that, regardless of the irradiation used, there was a gradual inhibition of cell growth at butyric acid concentrations above 10.8 g·L-1, with no growth observed at butyric acid concentrations above 3.6 g·L-1 for the wild-type strain during the first 54 h of fermentation. The sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis also showed significantly different expression levels of proteins with molecular mass around the wild-type and irradiated strains. The results showed that the proportion of proteins with molecular weights of 85 and 106 kDa was much higher for the irradiated strains. The specific growth rate decreased by 50% (from 0.42 to 0.21 h-1) and the final concentration of butyrate increased by 68% (from 22.7 to 33.4 g·L-1) for the strain irradiated at 114 AMeV and 40 Gy compared with the wild-type strains. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that butyric acid production from glucose can be significantly improved and enhanced by using 12C6+ heavy ion-irradiated C. tyrobutyricum. The approach is economical, making it competitive compared with similar fermentation processes. It may prove useful as a first step in a combined method employing long-term continuous fermentation of acid-production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xi-Hong Lu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xue-Hu Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Zhi-Jun Xin
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Jia-Rong Xie
- China Pharmaceutical University, #24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Mei-Rong Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Liang Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Wen-Yue Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Jian-Ping Liang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
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92
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Koutinas AA, Vlysidis A, Pleissner D, Kopsahelis N, Lopez Garcia I, Kookos IK, Papanikolaou S, Kwan TH, Lin CSK. Valorization of industrial waste and by-product streams via fermentation for the production of chemicals and biopolymers. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:2587-627. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60293a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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93
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Blahušiak M, Schlosser Š, Marták J. Extraction of butyric acid with a solvent containing ammonium ionic liquid. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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94
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Tashiro Y, Matsumoto H, Miyamoto H, Okugawa Y, Pramod P, Miyamoto H, Sakai K. A novel production process for optically pure L-lactic acid from kitchen refuse using a bacterial consortium at high temperatures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 146:672-681. [PMID: 23978480 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.07.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigated L-lactic acid production in static batch fermentation of kitchen refuse using a bacterial consortium from marine-animal-resource (MAR) composts at temperatures ranging from 30 to 65 °C. At relatively low temperatures butyric acid accumulated, whereas at higher temperatures L-lactic acid was produced. In particular, fermentation at 50 °C produced 34.5 g L(-1) L-lactic acid with 90% lactic acid selectivity and 100% optical purity. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis indicated that dominant bacteria present in the original MAR composts diminished rapidly and Bacillus coagulans strains became the dominant contributors to L-lactic acid production at 45, 50 and 55 °C. This is the first report of the achievement of 100% optical purity of L-lactic acid using a bacterial consortium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Tashiro
- Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Division of Applied Molecular Microbiology and Biomass Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan; Institute of Advanced Study, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hiroko Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Division of Applied Molecular Microbiology and Biomass Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hirokuni Miyamoto
- Japan Eco-science Co. Ltd., 11-1 Shiomigaokacho, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba 260-0034, Japan
| | - Yuki Okugawa
- Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Division of Applied Molecular Microbiology and Biomass Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Poudel Pramod
- Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Division of Applied Molecular Microbiology and Biomass Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hisashi Miyamoto
- Miroku Co. Ltd., Iwaya 706-27, Kitsuki City, Oita 873-0021, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakai
- Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Division of Applied Molecular Microbiology and Biomass Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
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95
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Mattam AJ, Yazdani SS. Engineering E. coli strain for conversion of short chain fatty acids to bioalcohols. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2013; 6:128. [PMID: 24020887 PMCID: PMC3847231 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-6-128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent progress in production of various biofuel precursors and molecules, such as fatty acids, alcohols and alka(e)nes, is a significant step forward for replacing the fossil fuels with renewable fuels. A two-step process, where fatty acids from sugars are produced in the first step and then converted to corresponding biofuel molecules in the second step, seems more viable and attractive at this stage. We have engineered an Escherichia coli strain to take care of the second step for converting short chain fatty acids into corresponding alcohols by using butyrate kinase (Buk), phosphotransbutyrylase (Ptb) and aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhE2) from Clostridium acetobutylicum. RESULTS The engineered E. coli was able to convert butyric acid and other short chain fatty acids of chain length C3 to C7 into corresponding alcohols and the efficiency of conversion varied with different E. coli strain type. Glycerol proved to be a better donor of ATP and electron as compared to glucose for converting butyric acid to butanol. The engineered E. coli was able to tolerate up to 100 mM butyric acid and produced butanol with the conversion rate close to 100% under anaerobic condition. Deletion of native genes, such as fumarate reductase (frdA) and alcohol dehydrogenase (adhE), responsible for side products succinate and ethanol, which act as electron sink and could compete with butyric acid uptake, did not improve the butanol production efficiency. Indigenous acyl-CoA synthetase (fadD) was found to play no role in the conversion of butyric acid to butanol. Engineered E. coli was cultivated in a bioreactor under controlled condition where 60 mM butanol was produced within 24 h of cultivation. A continuous bioreactor with the provision of cell recycling allowed the continuous production of butanol at the average productivity of 7.6 mmol/l/h until 240 h. CONCLUSIONS E. coli engineered with the pathway from C. acetobutylicum could efficiently convert butyric acid to butanol. Other short chain fatty acids with the chain length of C3 to C7 were also converted to the corresponding alcohols. The ability of engineered strain to convert butyric acid to butanol continuously demonstrates commercial significance of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Jose Mattam
- Synthetic Biology and Biofuels Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, 110067 New Delhi, India
| | - Syed Shams Yazdani
- Synthetic Biology and Biofuels Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, 110067 New Delhi, India
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96
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Metabolic engineering of Clostridium acetobutylicum for enhanced production of butyric acid. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:9355-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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97
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Shepard L, Miracle R, Leksrisompong P, Drake M. Relating sensory and chemical properties of sour cream to consumer acceptance. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:5435-54. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-6317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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98
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Straathof AJJ. Transformation of Biomass into Commodity Chemicals Using Enzymes or Cells. Chem Rev 2013; 114:1871-908. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400309c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrie J. J. Straathof
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan
67, 2628
BC Delft, The Netherlands
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99
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Microbial Volatile Emissions as Insect Semiochemicals. J Chem Ecol 2013; 39:840-59. [DOI: 10.1007/s10886-013-0306-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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100
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Arslan D, Steinbusch KJJ, Diels L, De Wever H, Hamelers HVM, Buisman CJN. Selective carboxylate production by controlling hydrogen, carbon dioxide and substrate concentrations in mixed culture fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 136:452-60. [PMID: 23567716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This research demonstrated the selective production of n-butyrate from mixed culture by applying 2 bar carbon dioxide into the headspace of batch fermenters or by increasing the initial substrate concentration. The effect of increasing initial substrate concentration was investigated at 8, 13.5 and 23 g COD/L with potato processing waste stream. Within 1 week of incubation, n-butyrate fraction selectively increased up to 83% by applying 2 bar hydrogen or 78% by applying carbon dioxide into the headspace whereas it was only 59% in the control reactor. Although the fraction of n-butyrate was elevated, the concentration remained lower than in the control. Both the highest concentration and fraction of n-butyrate were observed under the highest initial substrate concentration without headspace addition. The concentration was 10 g COD/L with 73% fraction. The operational conditions obtained from batch experiments for selective n-butyrate production were validated in a continuous process.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Arslan
- VITO Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Separation and Conversion Technology, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
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