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Santos-Miranda A, Costa AD, Joviano-Santos JV, Rhana P, Bruno AS, Rocha P, Cau SB, Vieira LQ, Cruz JS, Roman-Campos D. Inhibition of calcium/calmodulin (Ca 2+ /CaM)-Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) axis reduces in vitro and ex vivo arrhythmias in experimental Chagas disease. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21901. [PMID: 34569665 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101060r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC) is one of the main causes of heart failure and sudden death in Latin America. To date, there is no available medication to prevent or reverse the onset of cardiac symptoms. CCC occurs in a scenario of disrupted calcium dynamics and enhanced oxidative stress, which combined, may favor the hyper activation of calcium/calmodulin (Ca2+ /CaM)-calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) (Ca2+ /CaM-CaMKII) pathway, which is fundamental for heart physiology and it is implicated in other cardiac diseases. Here, we evaluated the association between Ca2+ /CaM-CaMKII in the electro-mechanical (dys)function of the heart in the early stage of chronic experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. We observed that in vitro and ex vivo inhibition of Ca2+ /CaM-CaMKII reversed the arrhythmic profile of isolated hearts and isolated left-ventricles cardiomyocytes. The benefits of the limited Ca2+ /CaM-CaMKII activation to cardiomyocytes' electrical properties are partially related to the restoration of Ca2+ dynamics in a damaged cellular environment created after T. cruzi infection. Moreover, Ca2+ /CaM-CaMKII inhibition prevented the onset of arrhythmic contractions on isolated heart preparations of chagasic mice and restored the responsiveness to the increase in the left-ventricle pre-load. Taken together, our data provide the first experimental evidence for the potential of targeting Ca2+ /CaM-CaMKII pathway as a novel therapeutic target to treat CCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre D Costa
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Rhana
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Santos Bruno
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Peter Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Stefany Bruno Cau
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leda Q Vieira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jader S Cruz
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Danilo Roman-Campos
- Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sadredini M, Manotheepan R, Lehnart SE, Anderson ME, Sjaastad I, Stokke MK. The oxidation-resistant CaMKII-MM281/282VV mutation does not prevent arrhythmias in CPVT1. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15030. [PMID: 34558218 PMCID: PMC8461029 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia type 1 (CPVT1) is an inherited arrhythmogenic disorder caused by missense mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptors (RyR2), that result in increased β-adrenoceptor stimulation-induced diastolic Ca2+ leak. We have previously shown that exercise training prevents arrhythmias in CPVT1, potentially by reducing the oxidation of Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (CaMKII). Therefore, we tested whether an oxidation-resistant form of CaMKII protects mice carrying the CPVT1-causative mutation RyR2-R2474S (RyR2-RS) against arrhythmias. Antioxidant treatment (N-acetyl-L-cysteine) reduced the frequency of β-adrenoceptor stimulation-induced arrhythmogenic Ca2+ waves in isolated cardiomyocytes from RyR2-RS mice. To test whether the prevention of CaMKII oxidation exerts an antiarrhythmic effect, mice expressing the oxidation-resistant CaMKII-MM281/282VV variant (MMVV) were crossed with RyR2-RS mice to create a double transgenic model (RyR2-RS/MMVV). Wild-type mice served as controls. Telemetric ECG surveillance revealed an increased incidence of ventricular tachycardia and an increased arrhythmia score in both RyR2-RS and RyR2-RS/MMVV compared to wild-type mice, both following a β-adrenoceptor challenge (isoprenaline i.p.), and following treadmill exercise combined with a β-adrenoceptor challenge. There were no differences in the incidence of arrhythmias between RyR2-RS and RyR2-RS/MMVV mice. Furthermore, no differences were observed in β-adrenoceptor stimulation-induced Ca2+ waves in RyR2-RS/MMVV compared to RyR2-RS. In conclusion, antioxidant treatment reduces β-adrenoceptor stimulation-induced Ca2+ waves in RyR2-RS cardiomyocytes. However, oxidation-resistant CaMKII-MM281/282VV does not protect RyR2-RS mice from β-adrenoceptor stimulation-induced Ca2+ waves or arrhythmias. Hence, alternative oxidation-sensitive targets need to be considered to explain the beneficial effect of antioxidant treatment on Ca2+ waves in cardiomyocytes from RyR2-RS mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Sadredini
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research CentreOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Ravinea Manotheepan
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research CentreOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Stephan E. Lehnart
- Heart Research Center GöttingenDepartment of Cardiology and PulmonologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGeorg August University GöttingenGöttingenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells” (MBExC)University of GöttingenGöttingenGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)GöttingenGermany
| | - Mark E. Anderson
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUSA
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research CentreOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Mathis K. Stokke
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research CentreOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of CardiologyOslo University HospitalRikshospitaletOsloNorway
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53
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Berchtold MW, Munk M, Kulej K, Porth I, Lorentzen L, Panina S, Zacharias T, Larsen MR, la Cour JM. The heart arrhythmia-linked D130G calmodulin mutation causes premature inhibitory autophosphorylation of CaMKII. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119119. [PMID: 34391760 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is well known for transmitting Ca2+-signals, which leads to a multitude of physiological responses. Its functionality is believed to involve CaMKII holoenzyme dynamics where trans-autophosphorylation of the crucial phosphorylation site, T286 occurs. Phosphorylation of this site does not occur when stimulated exclusively with the arrhythmia associated D130G mutant form of CaM in vitro. Here, we present evidence that the loss-of-CaMKII function correlates with premature phosphorylation of its inhibitory phosphosite T306 in CaMKIIα and T307 in CaMKIIδ as this site was up to 20-fold more phosphorylated in the presence of D130G CaM compared to wildtype CaM. Indeed, changing this phosphosite to a non-phosphorylatable alanine reversed the inhibitory effect of D130G both in vitro and in live cell experiments. In addition, several phosphosites with so far undescribed functions directing the Ca2+-sensitivity of the CaMKII sensor were also affected by the presence of the D130G mutation implicating a role of several additional autophosphosites (besides T286 and T306/T307) so far not known to regulate CaMKII Ca2+ sensitivity. Furthermore, we show that introducing a D130G mutation in the CALM2 gene of the P19CL6 pluripotent mouse embryonic carcinoma cell line using CRISPR/Cas9 decreased the spontaneous beat frequency compared to wildtype cells when differentiated into cardiomyocytes supporting an alteration of cardiomyocyte physiology caused by this point mutation. In conclusion, our observations shed for the first time light on how the D130G CaM mutation interferes with the function of CaMKII and how it affects the beating frequency of cardiomyocyte-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mads Munk
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katarzyna Kulej
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Isabel Porth
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse Lorentzen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Svetlana Panina
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; MonTa Biosciences ApS, Diplomvej 381, 2800 kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Martin R Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Jonas M la Cour
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; ChemoMetec A/S, Gydevang 43, 3450 Lillerød, Denmark
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54
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Daiber A, Steven S, Euler G, Schulz R. Vascular and Cardiac Oxidative Stress and Inflammation as Targets for Cardioprotection. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:2112-2130. [PMID: 33550963 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210125155821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac and vascular diseases are often associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation, and both may contribute to the disease progression. However, successful applications of antioxidants in the clinical setting are very rare and specific anti-inflammatory therapeutics only emerged recently. Reasons for this rely on the great diversity of oxidative stress and inflammatory cells that can either act as cardioprotective or cause tissue damage in the heart. Recent large-scale clinical trials found that highly specific anti-inflammatory therapies using monoclonal antibodies against cytokines resulted in lower cardiovascular mortality in patients with pre-existing atherosclerotic disease. In addition, unspecific antiinflammatory medication and established cardiovascular drugs with pleiotropic immunomodulatory properties such as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or statins have proven beneficial cardiovascular effects. Normalization of oxidative stress seems to be a common feature of these therapies, which can be explained by a close interaction/crosstalk of the cellular redox state and inflammatory processes. In this review, we give an overview of cardiac reactive oxygen species (ROS) sources and processes of cardiac inflammation as well as the connection of ROS and inflammation in ischemic cardiomyopathy in order to shed light on possible cardioprotective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Steven
- Department of Cardiology, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gerhild Euler
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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55
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Veitch CR, Power AS, Erickson JR. CaMKII Inhibition is a Novel Therapeutic Strategy to Prevent Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:695401. [PMID: 34381362 PMCID: PMC8350113 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.695401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus worldwide has pushed the complex disease state to the foreground of biomedical research, especially concerning its multifaceted impacts on the cardiovascular system. Current therapies for diabetic cardiomyopathy have had a positive impact, but with diabetic patients still suffering from a significantly greater burden of cardiac pathology compared to the general population, the need for novel therapeutic approaches is great. A new therapeutic target, calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), has emerged as a potential treatment option for preventing cardiac dysfunction in the setting of diabetes. Within the last 10 years, new evidence has emerged describing the pathophysiological consequences of CaMKII activation in the diabetic heart, the mechanisms that underlie persistent CaMKII activation, and the protective effects of CaMKII inhibition to prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy. This review will examine recent evidence tying cardiac dysfunction in diabetes to CaMKII activation. It will then discuss the current understanding of the mechanisms by which CaMKII activity is enhanced during diabetes. Finally, it will examine the benefits of CaMKII inhibition to treat diabetic cardiomyopathy, including contractile dysfunction, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and arrhythmogenesis. We intend this review to serve as a critical examination of CaMKII inhibition as a therapeutic strategy, including potential drawbacks of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Veitch
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Amelia S Power
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jeffrey R Erickson
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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56
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Siri-Angkul N, Dadfar B, Jaleel R, Naushad J, Parambathazhath J, Doye AA, Xie LH, Gwathmey JK. Calcium and Heart Failure: How Did We Get Here and Where Are We Going? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147392. [PMID: 34299010 PMCID: PMC8306046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and prevalence of heart failure remain high in the United States as well as globally. One person dies every 30 s from heart disease. Recognizing the importance of heart failure, clinicians and scientists have sought better therapeutic strategies and even cures for end-stage heart failure. This exploration has resulted in many failed clinical trials testing novel classes of pharmaceutical drugs and even gene therapy. As a result, along the way, there have been paradigm shifts toward and away from differing therapeutic approaches. The continued prevalence of death from heart failure, however, clearly demonstrates that the heart is not simply a pump and instead forces us to consider the complexity of simplicity in the pathophysiology of heart failure and reinforces the need to discover new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthaphat Siri-Angkul
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Behzad Dadfar
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 1471655836, Iran
| | - Riya Jaleel
- School of International Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jazna Naushad
- Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha P. O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | | | | | - Lai-Hua Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Judith K. Gwathmey
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +973-972-2411; Fax: +973-972-7489
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57
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Polymorphism rs7214723 in CAMKK1: a new genetic variant associated with cardiovascular diseases. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:229102. [PMID: 34165505 PMCID: PMC8264181 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of deaths worldwide. CVDs have a complex etiology due to the several factors underlying its development including environment, lifestyle, and genetics. Given the role of calcium signal transduction in several CVDs, we investigated via PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7214723 within the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase 1 (CAMKK1) gene coding for the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase I. The variant rs7214723 causes E375G substitution within the kinase domain of CAMKK1. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 cardiac patients. RFLP-PCR technique was applied, and statistical analysis was performed to evaluate genotypic and allelic frequencies and to identify an association between SNP and risk of developing specific CVD. Genotype and allele frequencies for rs7214723 were statistically different between cardiopathic and several European reference populations. A logistic regression analysis adjusted for gender, age, diabetes, hypertension, BMI and previous history of malignancy was applied on cardiopathic genotypic data and no association was found between rs7214723 polymorphism and risk of developing specific coronary artery disease (CAD) and aortic stenosis (AS). These results suggest the potential role of rs7214723 in CVD susceptibility as a possible genetic biomarker.
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58
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Williams AL, Walton CB, Pinell B, Khadka VS, Dunn B, Lee K, Anagaran MCT, Avelar A, Shohet RV. Ischemic heart injury leads to HIF1-dependent differential splicing of CaMK2γ. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13116. [PMID: 34162925 PMCID: PMC8222303 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92426-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of heart failure and hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF1) is a key transcription factor in the response to hypoxic injury. Our lab has developed a mouse model in which a mutated, oxygen-stable form of HIF1α (HIF-PPN) can be inducibly expressed in cardiomyocytes. We observed rapid cardiac dilation and loss of contractility in these mice due to lower expression of excitation-contraction coupling genes and reduced calcium flux. As alternative splicing plays an underappreciated role in transcriptional regulation, we used RNA sequencing to search for splicing changes in calcium-handling genes of HIF-PPN hearts and compared them to previous sequencing data from a model of myocardial infarction (MI) to select for transcripts that are modified in a pathological setting. We found overlap between genes differentially expressed in HIF-PPN and post-MI mice (54/131 genes upregulated in HIF-PPN hearts at 1 day and/or 3 days post-MI, and 45/78 downregulated), as well as changes in alternative splicing. Interestingly, calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II, gamma (CAMK2G) was alternatively spliced in both settings, with variant 1 (v1) substantially decreased compared to variants 2 (v2) and 3 (v3). These findings were also replicated in vitro when cells were transfected with HIF-PPN or exposed to hypoxia. Further analysis of CAMK2γ protein abundance revealed only v1 was detectable and substantially decreased up to 7 days post-MI. Rbfox1, a splicing factor of CAMK2G, was also decreased in HIF-PPN and post-MI hearts. Subcellular fractionation showed CAMK2γ v1 was found in the nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions, and abundance decreased in both fractions post-MI. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis of HIF1 in post-MI hearts also demonstrated direct HIF1 binding to CAMK2G. CaMK2 is a key transducer of calcium signals in both physiological and pathological settings. The predominantly expressed isoform in the heart, CaMK2δ, has been extensively studied in cardiac injury, but the specific role of CaMK2γ is not well defined. Our data suggest that loss of CaMK2γ after MI is HIF1-dependent and may play an important role in the heart's calcium signaling and transcriptional response to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Lesher Williams
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo St. BSB 311, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Chad B Walton
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo St. BSB 311, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Blake Pinell
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo St. BSB 311, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Vedbar S Khadka
- Bioinformatics Core, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Brandyn Dunn
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo St. BSB 311, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Katie Lee
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo St. BSB 311, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - M C Therese Anagaran
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo St. BSB 311, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Abigail Avelar
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo St. BSB 311, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Ralph V Shohet
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo St. BSB 311, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.
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59
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Yang Y, Jiang K, Liu X, Qin M, Xiang Y. CaMKII in Regulation of Cell Death During Myocardial Reperfusion Injury. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:668129. [PMID: 34141722 PMCID: PMC8204011 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.668129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. In spite of the mature managements of myocardial infarction (MI), post-MI reperfusion (I/R) injury results in high morbidity and mortality. Cardiomyocyte Ca2+ overload is a major factor of I/R injury, initiating a cascade of events contributing to cardiomyocyte death and myocardial dysfunction. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) plays a critical role in cardiomyocyte death response to I/R injury, whose activation is a key feature of myocardial I/R in causing intracellular mitochondrial swelling, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ leakage, abnormal myofilament contraction, and other adverse reactions. CaMKII is a multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase, and CaMKIIδ, the dominant subtype in heart, has been widely studied in the activation, location, and related pathways of cardiomyocytes death, which has been considered as a potential targets for pharmacological inhibition. In this review, we summarize a brief overview of CaMKII with various posttranslational modifications and its properties in myocardial I/R injury. We focus on the molecular mechanism of CaMKII involved in regulation of cell death induced by myocardial I/R including necroptosis and pyroptosis of cardiomyocyte. Finally, we highlight that targeting CaMKII modifications and cell death involved pathways may provide new insights to understand the conversion of cardiomyocyte fate in the setting of myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mu Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaozu Xiang
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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60
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The Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinases II and IV as Therapeutic Targets in Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094307. [PMID: 33919163 PMCID: PMC8122486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CaMKII and CaMKIV are calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases playing a rudimentary role in many regulatory processes in the organism. These kinases attract increasing interest due to their involvement primarily in memory and plasticity and various cellular functions. Although CaMKII and CaMKIV are mostly recognized as the important cogs in a memory machine, little is known about their effect on mood and role in neuropsychiatric diseases etiology. Here, we aimed to review the structure and functions of CaMKII and CaMKIV, as well as how these kinases modulate the animals’ behavior to promote antidepressant-like, anxiolytic-like, and procognitive effects. The review will help in the understanding of the roles of the above kinases in the selected neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, and this knowledge can be used in future drug design.
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61
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Wang L, Ginnan RG, Wang YX, Zheng YM. Interactive Roles of CaMKII/Ryanodine Receptor Signaling and Inflammation in Lung Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1303:305-317. [PMID: 33788199 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63046-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a multifunctional protein kinase and has been recently recognized to play a vital role in pathological events in the pulmonary system. CaMKII has diverse downstream targets that promote vascular disease, asthma, and cancer, so improved understanding of CaMKII signaling has the potential to lead to new therapies for lung diseases. Multiple studies have demonstrated that CaMKII is involved in redox modulation of ryanodine receptors (RyRs). CaMKII can be directly activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) which then regulates RyR activity, which is essential for Ca2+-dependent processes in lung diseases. Furthermore, both CaMKII and RyRs participate in the inflammation process. However, their role in the pulmonary physiology in response to ROS is still an ambiguous one. Because CaMKII and RyRs are important in pulmonary biology, cell survival, cell cycle control, and inflammation, it is possible that the relationship between ROS and CaMKII/RyRs signal complex will be necessary for understanding and treating lung diseases. Here, we review roles of CaMKII/RyRs in lung diseases to understand with how CaMKII/RyRs may act as a transduction signal to connect prooxidant conditions into specific downstream pathological effects that are relevant to rare and common forms of pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.,Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Roman G Ginnan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
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62
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Proietti Onori M, van Woerden GM. Role of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase 2 in neurodevelopmental disorders. Brain Res Bull 2021; 171:209-220. [PMID: 33774142 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders are a complex and heterogeneous group of neurological disorders characterized by their early-onset and estimated to affect more than 3% of children worldwide. The rapid advancement of sequencing technologies in the past years allowed the identification of hundreds of variants in several different genes causing neurodevelopmental disorders. Between those, new variants in the Calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CAMK2) genes were recently linked to intellectual disability. Despite many years of research on CAMK2, this proves for the first time that this well-known and highly conserved molecule plays an important role in the human brain. In this review, we give an overview of the identified CAMK2 variants, and we speculate on potential mechanisms through which dysfunctions in CAMK2 result in neurodevelopmental disorders. Additionally, we discuss how the identification of CAMK2 variants might result in new exciting discoveries regarding the function of CAMK2 in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Proietti Onori
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, the Netherlands; The ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, the Netherlands
| | - Geeske M van Woerden
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, the Netherlands; The ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, the Netherlands.
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63
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Duran J, Nickel L, Estrada M, Backs J, van den Hoogenhof MMG. CaMKIIδ Splice Variants in the Healthy and Diseased Heart. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:644630. [PMID: 33777949 PMCID: PMC7991079 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.644630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA splicing has been recognized in recent years as a pivotal player in heart development and disease. The Ca2+/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II delta (CaMKIIδ) is a multifunctional Ser/Thr kinase family and generates at least 11 different splice variants through alternative splicing. This enzyme, which belongs to the CaMKII family, is the predominant family member in the heart and functions as a messenger toward adaptive or detrimental signaling in cardiomyocytes. Classically, the nuclear CaMKIIδB and cytoplasmic CaMKIIδC splice variants are described as mediators of arrhythmias, contractile function, Ca2+ handling, and gene transcription. Recent findings also put CaMKIIδA and CaMKIIδ9 as cardinal players in the global CaMKII response in the heart. In this review, we discuss and summarize the new insights into CaMKIIδ splice variants and their (proposed) functions, as well as CaMKII-engineered mouse phenotypes and cardiac dysfunction related to CaMKIIδ missplicing. We also discuss RNA splicing factors affecting CaMKII splicing. Finally, we discuss the translational perspective derived from these insights and future directions on CaMKIIδ splicing research in the healthy and diseased heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Duran
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lennart Nickel
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel Estrada
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Johannes Backs
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maarten M G van den Hoogenhof
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
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Kreitmeier KG, Tarnowski D, Nanadikar MS, Baier MJ, Wagner S, Katschinski DM, Maier LS, Sag CM. CaMKII δ Met281/282 oxidation is not required for recovery of calcium transients during acidosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1199-H1212. [PMID: 33449853 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00040.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
CaMKII is needed for the recovery of Ca2+ transients during acidosis but also mediates postacidic arrhythmias. CaMKIIδ can sustain its activity following Met281/282 oxidation. Increasing cytosolic Na+ during acidosis as well as postacidic pH normalization should result in prooxidant conditions within the cell favoring oxidative CaMKIIδ activation. We tested whether CaMKIIδ activation through Met281/282 oxidation is involved in recovery of Ca2+ transients during acidosis and promotes cellular arrhythmias post-acidosis. Single cardiac myocytes were isolated from a well-established mouse model in which CaMKIIδ was made resistant to oxidative activation by knock-in replacement of two oxidant-sensitive methionines (Met281/282) with valines (MM-VV). MM-VV myocytes were exposed to extracellular acidosis (pHo 6.5) and compared to wild type (WT) control cells. Full recovery of Ca2+ transients was observed in both WT and MM-VV cardiac myocytes during late-phase acidosis. This was associated with comparably enhanced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ load and preserved CaMKII specific phosphorylation of phospholamban at Thr17 in MM-VV myocytes. CaMKII was phosphorylated at Thr287, but not Met281/282 oxidized. In line with this, postacidic cellular arrhythmias occurred to a similar extent in WT and MM-VV cells, whereas inhibition of CaMKII using AIP completely prevented recovery of Ca2+ transients during acidosis and attenuated postacidic arrhythmias in MM-VV cells. Using genetically altered cardiomyocytes with cytosolic expression of redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein-2 coupled to glutaredoxin 1, we found that acidosis has a reductive effect within the cytosol of cardiac myocytes despite a significant acidosis-related increase in cytosolic Na+. Our study shows that activation of CaMKIIδ through Met281/282 oxidation is neither required for recovery of Ca2+ transients during acidosis nor relevant for postacidic arrhythmogenesis in isolated cardiac myocytes. Acidosis reduces the cytosolic glutathione redox state of isolated cardiac myocytes despite a significant increase in cytosolic Na+. Pharmacological inhibition of global CaMKII activity completely prevents recovery of Ca2+ transients and protects from postacidic arrhythmias in MM-VV myocytes, which confirms the relevance of CaMKII in the context of acidosis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The current study shows that activation of CaMKIIδ through Met281/282 oxidation is neither required for CaMKII-dependent recovery of Ca2+ transients during acidosis nor relevant for the occurrence of postacidic cellular arrhythmias. Despite a usually prooxidant increase in cytosolic Na+, acidosis reduces the cytosolic glutathione redox state within cardiac myocytes. This novel finding suggests that oxidation of cytosolic proteins is less likely to occur during acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Kreitmeier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - D Tarnowski
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - M S Nanadikar
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - M J Baier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - S Wagner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - D M Katschinski
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - L S Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - C M Sag
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
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65
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Abdul KSM, Faiz N, Jovanović A, Tan W. Isosteviol Protects H9c2 Cells Against Hypoxia-reoxygenation by Activating ERK1/2. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:73-77. [PMID: 33593268 DOI: 10.2174/1871529x21666210216122022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In the present study, we have investigated the cardioprotective properties of Isosteviol (STV) under conditions of hypoxia-reoxygenation and elucidated the underlying mechanism. BACKGROUND In our previous studies, we have determined that STV exhibits neuro- and cardio-protective properties. However, the mechanism underlying STV-induced cardioprotection has not yet been fully understood. METHODS All experiments were performed on rat heart embryonic H9c2 cell line. To induce hypoxia- reoxygenation, cells were exposed to 1% oxygen (in no glucose and no sodium pyruvate DMEM) following by reoxygenation (using fully supplemented MEM). Cells viability was tested by MTT assay, and protein levels were compared by Western blotting. RESULTS Treatment of heart embryonic H9c2 cells with STV (10 μM) significantly increased the survival of cells exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation. STV (10 μM) activated ERK1/2 and DRP1 in hypoxia-reoxygenation, but did not have any effects on ERK1/2 or DRP1 in normoxia. STV (10 μM) did not regulate CAMKII, AKT or AMPK signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Taken all together, our findings demonstrate that 1) STV protects H9c2 cells against hypoxia-reoxygenation and that 2) this effect is mediated via ERK1/2. The property of STV that selectively activates ERK1/2 in cells exposed to stress, but not in cells under non-stress conditions, makes this compound a promising candidate-drug for therapy against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaja S M Abdul
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Neha Faiz
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Aleksandar Jovanović
- Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia CY-1700, Cyprus
| | - Wen Tan
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Konstantinidis K, Bezzerides VJ, Lai L, Isbell HM, Wei AC, Wu Y, Viswanathan MC, Blum ID, Granger JM, Heims-Waldron D, Zhang D, Luczak ED, Murphy KR, Lu F, Gratz DH, Manta B, Wang Q, Wang Q, Kolodkin AL, Gladyshev VN, Hund TJ, Pu WT, Wu MN, Cammarato A, Bianchet MA, Shea MA, Levine RL, Anderson ME. MICAL1 constrains cardiac stress responses and protects against disease by oxidizing CaMKII. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:4663-4678. [PMID: 32749237 PMCID: PMC7456244 DOI: 10.1172/jci133181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidant stress can contribute to health and disease. Here we show that invertebrates and vertebrates share a common stereospecific redox pathway that protects against pathological responses to stress, at the cost of reduced physiological performance, by constraining Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) activity. MICAL1, a methionine monooxygenase thought to exclusively target actin, and MSRB, a methionine reductase, control the stereospecific redox status of M308, a highly conserved residue in the calmodulin-binding (CaM-binding) domain of CaMKII. Oxidized or mutant M308 (M308V) decreased CaM binding and CaMKII activity, while absence of MICAL1 in mice caused cardiac arrhythmias and premature death due to CaMKII hyperactivation. Mimicking the effects of M308 oxidation decreased fight-or-flight responses in mice, strikingly impaired heart function in Drosophila melanogaster, and caused disease protection in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, a CaMKII-sensitive genetic arrhythmia syndrome. Our studies identify a stereospecific redox pathway that regulates cardiac physiological and pathological responses to stress across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klitos Konstantinidis
- Division of Cardiology.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Lo Lai
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Holly M Isbell
- Department of Biochemistry, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - An-Chi Wei
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yuejin Wu
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Meera C Viswanathan
- Division of Cardiology.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ian D Blum
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan M Granger
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Donghui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Elizabeth D Luczak
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kevin R Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Fujian Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel H Gratz
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Bruno Manta
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinchuan Wang
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alex L Kolodkin
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Maryland, USA
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas J Hund
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - William T Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark N Wu
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Maryland, USA.,Department of Genetic Medicine
| | - Anthony Cammarato
- Division of Cardiology.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Physiology, and
| | - Mario A Bianchet
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Madeline A Shea
- Department of Biochemistry, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Rodney L Levine
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark E Anderson
- Division of Cardiology.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Physiology, and
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McMullen CJ, Chalmers S, Wood R, Cunningham MR, Currie S. Sunitinib and Imatinib Display Differential Cardiotoxicity in Adult Rat Cardiac Fibroblasts That Involves a Role for Calcium/Calmodulin Dependent Protein Kinase II. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 7:630480. [PMID: 33598481 PMCID: PMC7882511 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.630480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have dramatically improved cancer treatment but are known to cause cardiotoxicity. The pathophysiological consequences of TKI therapy are likely to manifest across different cell types of the heart, yet there is little understanding of the differential adverse cellular effects. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) play a pivotal role in the repair and remodeling of the heart following insult or injury, yet their involvement in anti-cancer drug induced cardiotoxicity has been largely overlooked. Here, we examine the direct effects of sunitinib malate and imatinib mesylate on adult rat CF viability, Ca2+ handling and mitochondrial function that may contribute to TKI-induced cardiotoxicity. In particular, we investigate whether Ca2+/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), may be a mediator of TKI-induced effects. Methods: CF viability in response to chronic treatment with both drugs was assessed using MTT assays and flow cytometry analysis. Calcium mobilization was assessed in CFs loaded with Fluo4-AM and CaMKII activation via oxidation was measured via quantitative immunoblotting. Effects of both drugs on mitochondrial function was determined by live mitochondrial imaging using MitoSOX red. Results: Treatment of CFs with sunitinib (0.1-10 μM) resulted in concentration-dependent alterations in CF phenotype, with progressively significant cell loss at higher concentrations. Flow cytometry analysis and MTT assays revealed increased cell apoptosis and necrosis with increasing concentrations of sunitinib. In contrast, equivalent concentrations of imatinib resulted in no significant change in cell viability. Both sunitinib and imatinib pre-treatment increased Angiotensin II-induced intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, with only sunitinib resulting in a significant effect and also causing increased CaMKII activation via oxidation. Live cell mitochondrial imaging using MitoSOX red revealed that both sunitinib and imatinib increased mitochondrial superoxide production in a concentration-dependent manner. This effect in response to both drugs was suppressed in the presence of the CaMKII inhibitor KN-93. Conclusions: Sunitinib and imatinib showed differential effects on CFs, with sunitinib causing marked changes in cell viability at concentrations where imatinib had no effect. Sunitinib caused a significant increase in Angiotensin II-induced intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and both TKIs caused increased mitochondrial superoxide production. Targeted CaMKII inhibition reversed the TKI-induced mitochondrial damage. These findings highlight a new role for CaMKII in TKI-induced cardiotoxicity, particularly at the level of the mitochondria, and confirm differential off-target toxicity in CFs, consistent with the differential selectivity of sunitinib and imatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum J McMullen
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Chalmers
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Wood
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret R Cunningham
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Currie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Gbr AA, Abdel Baky NA, Mohamed EA, Zaky HS. Cardioprotective effect of pioglitazone and curcumin against diabetic cardiomyopathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus: impact on CaMKII/NF-κB/TGF-β1 and PPAR-γ signaling pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:349-360. [PMID: 32984914 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01979-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a leading cause of death in diabetic patients, which is currently without available specific treatment. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of pioglitazone (Pio) and curcumin (Cur) against DCM in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), with pointing to their role on Ca+2/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) expression. Diabetes was induced in adult male Sprague Dawley rats by administration of single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (52.5 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were administered either Pio (20 mg/kg/day) or Cur (100 mg/kg/day) orally for 6 weeks. Treatment with Pio and/or Cur markedly reduced serum cardiac injury markers and lipid profile markers in diabetic animals. Additionally, Pio and/or Cur treatment mitigated oxidative stress and fibrosis in diabetic rats as evident from the significant suppression in myocardial lipid peroxidation and tumor growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) level, with concomitant significant elevation in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and improvement in histopathological architecture of heart tissue. Pio/Cur treatment protocol accomplished its cardioprotective effect by depressing cardiac CaMKII/NF-κB signaling accompanied by enhancement in PPAR-γ expression. Conclusively, these findings demonstrated the therapeutic potential of Pio/Cur regimen in alleviating DCM in T1DM through modulation of CaMKII and PPAR-γ expression. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya A Gbr
- Egypt Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nayira A Abdel Baky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Naser City, Cairo, P.N.11754, Egypt.
| | - Eman A Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Naser City, Cairo, P.N.11754, Egypt
| | - Heba S Zaky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Naser City, Cairo, P.N.11754, Egypt
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Hussain M, Liaqat I, Hanif U, Sultan A, Ara C, Aftab N, Urooj, Butt A. Medicinal Perspective of Antibacterial Bioactive Agents in Earthworms (Clitellata, Annelida): A Comprehensive Review. J Oleo Sci 2021; 71:563-573. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mudassar Hussain
- Microbiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore
| | - Iram Liaqat
- Microbiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore
| | - Uzma Hanif
- Department of Botany, Government College University Lahore
| | | | - Chaman Ara
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab
| | - Nauman Aftab
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, GC University
| | - Urooj
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab
| | - Abida Butt
- Superior College Daska, Department of Zoology, Government College University
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Maldonado E, Rojas DA, Morales S, Miralles V, Solari A. Dual and Opposite Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Chagas Disease: Beneficial on the Pathogen and Harmful on the Host. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8867701. [PMID: 33376582 PMCID: PMC7746463 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8867701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease, which affects an estimate of 6-7 million people worldwide. Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, which is a eukaryotic flagellate unicellular organism. At the primary infection sites, these parasites are phagocytized by macrophages, which produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to the infection with T. cruzi. The ROS produce damage to the host tissues; however, macrophage-produced ROS is also used as a signal for T. cruzi proliferation. At the later stages of infection, mitochondrial ROS is produced by the infected cardiomyocytes that contribute to the oxidative damage, which persists at the chronic stage of the disease. The oxidative damage leads to a functional impairment of the heart. In this review article, we will discuss the mechanisms by which T. cruzi is able to deal with the oxidative stress and how this helps the parasite growth at the acute phase of infection and how the oxidative stress affects the cardiomyopathy at the chronic stage of the Chagas disease. We will describe the mechanisms used by the parasite to deal with ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) through the trypanothione and the mechanisms used to repair the damaged DNA. Also, a description of the events produced by ROS at the acute and chronic stages of the disease is presented. Lastly, we discuss the benefits of ROS for T. cruzi growth and proliferation and the possible mechanisms involved in this phenomenon. Hypothesis is put forward to explain the molecular mechanisms by which ROS triggers parasite growth and proliferation and how ROS is able to produce a long persisting damage on cardiomyocytes even in the absence of the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edio Maldonado
- Programa Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego A. Rojas
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastian Morales
- Programa Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vicente Miralles
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Aldo Solari
- Programa Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Liao HW, Wang SM, Chan CK, Lin YH, Lin PC, Ho CH, Liu YC, Chueh JS, Wu VC. Transtubular potassium gradient predicts kidney function impairment after adrenalectomy in primary aldosteronism. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2020; 11:2040622320944792. [PMID: 32922714 PMCID: PMC7457632 DOI: 10.1177/2040622320944792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In primary aldosteronism (PA), kidney function impairment could be concealed
by relative hyperfiltration and emerge after adrenalectomy. We hypothesized
transtubular gradient potassium gradient (TTKG), a kidney aldosterone
bioactivity indicator, could correlate to end organ damage and forecast
kidney function impairment after adrenalectomy. Methods: In the present prospective study, we enrolled lateralized PA patients who
underwent adrenalectomy and were followed up 12 months after operation in
the Taiwan Primary Aldosteronism Investigation (TAIPAI) registry from 2010
to 2018. The clinical outcome was kidney function impairment, defined as
estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m2
at 12 months after adrenalectomy. End organ damage is determined by
microalbuminuria and left ventricular mass. Results: In total, 323 patients [mean, 50.8 ± 10.9 years old; female 178 (55.1%)] were
enrolled. Comparing pre-operation and post-operation data, systolic blood
pressure, serum aldosterone, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and eGFR
decreased. TTKG ⩾ 4.9 correlated with pre-operative urinary albumin to
creatinine ratio >50 mg/g [odds ratio (OR) = 2.42;
p = 0.034] and left ventricular mass (B = 20.10;
p = 0.018). Multivariate logistic regression analysis
demonstrated that TTKG ⩾ 4.9 could predict concealed chronic kidney disease
(OR = 5.42; p = 0.011) and clinical success (OR = 2.90,
p = 0.017) at 12 months after adrenalectomy. Conclusions: TTKG could predict concealed kidney function impairment and cure of
hypertension in PA patients after adrenalectomy. TTKG more than 4.9 as an
adverse surrogate of aldosterone and hypokalaemia correlated with
pre-operative end organ damage in terms of high proteinuria and cardiac
hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuo-Meng Wang
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Chieh-Kai Chan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu branch, Hsin-Chu
| | - Yen-Hung Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Po-Chih Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Chen-Hsun Ho
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Jeff S Chueh
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vin-Cent Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Room 1555, Clinical Research Building, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 100
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Grogan A, Coleman A, Joca H, Granzier H, Russel MW, Ward CW, Kontrogianni-Konstantopoulos A. Deletion of obscurin immunoglobulin domains Ig58/59 leads to age-dependent cardiac remodeling and arrhythmia. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:60. [PMID: 32910221 PMCID: PMC9302192 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-00818-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obscurin comprises a family of giant modular proteins that play key structural and regulatory roles in striated muscles. Immunoglobulin domains 58/59 (Ig58/59) of obscurin mediate binding to essential modulators of muscle structure and function, including canonical titin, a smaller splice variant of titin, termed novex-3, and phospholamban (PLN). Importantly, missense mutations localized within the obscurin-Ig58/59 region that affect binding to titins and/or PLN have been linked to the development of myopathy in humans. To elucidate the pathophysiological role of this region, we generated a constitutive deletion mouse model, Obscn-ΔIg58/59, that expresses obscurin lacking Ig58/59, and determined the consequences of this manipulation on cardiac morphology and function under conditions of acute stress and through the physiological process of aging. Our studies show that young Obscn-ΔIg58/59 mice are susceptible to acute β-adrenergic stress. Moreover, sedentary Obscn-ΔIg58/59 mice develop left ventricular hypertrophy that progresses to dilation, contractile impairment, atrial enlargement, and arrhythmia as a function of aging with males being more affected than females. Experiments in ventricular cardiomyocytes revealed altered Ca2+ cycling associated with changes in the expression and/or phosphorylation levels of major Ca2+ cycling proteins, including PLN, SERCA2, and RyR2. Taken together, our work demonstrates that obscurin-Ig58/59 is an essential regulatory module in the heart and its deletion leads to age- and sex-dependent cardiac remodeling, ventricular dilation, and arrhythmia due to deregulated Ca2+ cycling.
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MESH Headings
- Action Potentials
- Age Factors
- Animals
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/enzymology
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/genetics
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/pathology
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology
- Calcium Signaling
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Deletion
- Heart Rate
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/enzymology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/genetics
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Immunoglobulin Domains
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/deficiency
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/deficiency
- Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/genetics
- Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel/metabolism
- Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases/metabolism
- Sedentary Behavior
- Sex Factors
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/enzymology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/genetics
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/pathology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology
- Ventricular Function, Left
- Ventricular Remodeling
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Grogan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Andrew Coleman
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Humberto Joca
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Henk Granzier
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Mark W Russel
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Christopher W Ward
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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73
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Li C, Ma Q, Toan S, Wang J, Zhou H, Liang J. SERCA overexpression reduces reperfusion-mediated cardiac microvascular damage through inhibition of the calcium/MCU/mPTP/necroptosis signaling pathways. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101659. [PMID: 32738788 PMCID: PMC7395441 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells lining the microvasculature are particularly vulnerable to the deleterious effects of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, a susceptibility that is partially mediated by dysregulated intracellular calcium signals. Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) functions to recycle calcium from the cytosol back to the endoplasmic reticulum. The purpose of this study is to explore the roles and mechanisms of SERCA in protecting microcirculation against cardiac I/R injury. Our data showed that overexpression of SERCA significantly reduced I/R-induced luminal stenosis and vascular wall edema, possibly through normalization of the ratio between eNOS and ET-1. I/R-induced erythrocyte morphological changes in micro-vessels could be reversed by SERCA overexpression through transcriptional inhibition of the expression of adhesive factors. In addition, SERCA-sustained endothelial barrier integrity reduced the likelihood of inflammatory cells infiltrating the myocardium. Furthermore, we found that SERCA overexpression attenuated intracellular calcium overload, suppressed mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) expression, and prevented the abnormal opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTP) in I/R-treated cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs). Interestingly, the administration of calcium activator or MCU agonist induced endothelial necroptosis in vitro and thus abolished the microvascular protection afforded by SERCA in reperfused heart tissue in vivo. In conclusion, by using gene delivery strategies to specifically target SERCA in vitro and in vivo, we identify a potential novel pathway by which SERCA overexpression protects microcirculation against cardiac I/R injury in a manner dependent on the calcium/MCU/necroptosis pathway. These findings should be taken into consideration in the development of pharmacological strategies for therapeutic interventions against cardiac microvascular I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Foshan Hospital Affiliated with Southern Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Foshan), Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghui Ma
- Department of Oncology Hematology, Foshan Hospital Affiliated with Southern Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Foshan), Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Sam Toan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
| | - Jin Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jianqiu Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Foshan Hospital Affiliated with Southern Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Foshan), Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
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74
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Uncovering the Molecular Mechanism of the Qiang-Xin 1 Formula on Sepsis-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction Based on Systems Pharmacology. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3815185. [PMID: 32908632 PMCID: PMC7474398 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3815185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunction is a critical manifestation of sepsis-induced multiorgan failure and results in the high mortality of sepsis. Our previous study demonstrated that a traditional Chinese medicine formula, Qiang-Xin 1 (QX1), ameliorates cardiac tissue damage in septic mice; however, the underlying pharmacology mechanism remains to be elucidated. The present study was aimed at clarifying the protective mechanism of the QX1 formula on sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction. The moderate sepsis model of mice was established by cecal ligation and puncture surgery. Treatment with the QX1 formula improved the 7-day survival outcome, attenuated cardiac dysfunction, and ameliorated the disruption of myocardial structure in septic mice. Subsequent systems pharmacology analysis found that 63 bioactive compounds and the related 79 candidate target proteins were screened from the QX1 formula. The network analysis showed that the QX1 active components quercetin, formononetin, kaempferol, taxifolin, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone IIA had a good binding activity with screened targets. The integrating pathway analysis indicated the calcium, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways may be involved in the protective effect of the QX1 formula on sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction. Further, experimental validation showed that the QX1 formula inhibited the activity of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), MAPK (P38, ERK1/2, and JNK), and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways but promoted the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. A cytokine array found that the QX1 formula attenuated sepsis-induced upregulated levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-3, IL-6, IL-17, IL-4, IL-10, and TNF-α. Our data suggested that QX1 may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for sepsis by suppressing the activity of calcium, MAPK, and TLR4/NF-κB pathways, but promoting the activation of AKT, thus controlling cytokine storm and regulating immune balance. The present study demonstrated the multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway characteristics of the QX1 formula and provided a novel understanding of the QX1 formula in the clinical application on cardiac dysfunction-related diseases.
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75
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Junho CVC, Caio-Silva W, Trentin-Sonoda M, Carneiro-Ramos MS. An Overview of the Role of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase in Cardiorenal Syndrome. Front Physiol 2020; 11:735. [PMID: 32760284 PMCID: PMC7372084 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs) are key regulators of calcium signaling in health and disease. CaMKII is the most abundant isoform in the heart; although classically described as a regulator of excitation–contraction coupling, recent studies show that it can also mediate inflammation in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Among CVDs, cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) represents a pressing issue to be addressed, considering the growing incidence of kidney diseases worldwide. In this review, we aimed to discuss the role of CaMK as an inflammatory mediator in heart and kidney interaction by conducting an extensive literature review using the database PubMed. Here, we summarize the role and regulating mechanisms of CaMKII present in several quality studies, providing a better understanding for future investigations of CamKII in CVDs. Surprisingly, despite the obvious importance of CaMKII in the heart, very little is known about CaMKII in CRS. In conclusion, more studies are necessary to further understand the role of CaMKII in CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wellington Caio-Silva
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Mayra Trentin-Sonoda
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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76
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Zhong J, Ouyang H, Zheng S, Guo Z, Chen Y, Zhong Y, Zhong W, Zuo L, Lu J. The YAP/SERCA2a signaling pathway protects cardiomyocytes against reperfusion-induced apoptosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:13618-13632. [PMID: 32645692 PMCID: PMC7377864 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are known to promote cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Overexpression of yes-associated protein (YAP) and/or sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) has been shown to protect cardiomyocytes against I/R-induced injury. Here, we show that activation of the YAP/SERCA2a pathway attenuated mitochondrial damage and ER stress (ERS) to maintain cardiomyocyte viability in the setting of I/R injury. Our results demonstrate that I/R treatment reduced the transcription and expression of YAP and SERCA2a, along with a decline in cardiomyocyte viability. The overexpression of YAP promoted SERCA2a transcription, whereas SERCA2a upregulation did not affect the YAP transcription, suggesting that YAP functions upstream of SERCA2a. Activation of the YAP/SERCA2a pathway suppressed mitochondrial damage by sustaining the mitochondrial redox balance and restoring mitochondrial bioenergetics. Additionally, its activation repressed ERS, reduced calcium overload, and eventually blocked caspase activation. The knockdown of SERCA2a suppressed the protective effects of YAP overexpression on mitochondrial damage and ERS. Overall, our findings reveal that the YAP/SERCA2a pathway attenuates the mitochondrial damage and ERS in response to cardiac I/R injury by regulating the mitochondria–ER communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankai Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, Guangdong, China
| | - Haichun Ouyang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, Guangdong, China
| | - Sulin Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongzhou Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Huiqiao Medical Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuying Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanlin Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhao Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, Guangdong, China
| | - Liuer Zuo
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianhua Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, Guangdong, China
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77
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Zhu H, Zhao M, Chen Y, Li D. Bcl-2-associated athanogene 5 overexpression attenuates catecholamine-induced vascular endothelial cell apoptosis. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:946-957. [PMID: 32583430 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bcl-2 associated athanogene 5 (Bag5) is a novel endoplasmic reticulum (ER) regulator. However, its role in catecholamine-induced endothelial cells damage has not been fully understood. In our study, catecholamine was used to mimic hypertension-related endothelial cell damage. Then, western blots, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and pathway analysis were conducted to analyze the role of Bag5 in endothelial cell damage in response to catecholamine. Our results indicated that the endothelial cell viability was impaired by catecholamine. Interestingly, Bag5 overexpression significantly reversed endothelial cell viability. Mechanistically, Bag5 overexpression inhibited ER stress, attenuated oxidative stress and repressed inflammation in catecholamine-treated endothelial cells. These beneficial effects finally contributed to endothelial cell survival under catecholamine treatment. Pathway analysis demonstrated that Bag5 was under the control of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Reactivation of the MAPK-ERK pathway could upregulate Bag5 expression and thus promote endothelial cell survival through inhibiting oxidative stress, ER stress, and inflammation. Altogether, our results illustrate that Bag5 overexpression sustains endothelial cell survival in response to catecholamine treatment. This finding identifies Bag5 downregulation and the inactivated MAPK-ERK pathway as potential mechanisms underlying catecholamine-induced endothelial cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Maoxiang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yundai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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78
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Reil JC, Reil GH, Kovács Á, Sequeira V, Waddingham MT, Lodi M, Herwig M, Ghaderi S, Kreusser MM, Papp Z, Voigt N, Dobrev D, Meyhöfer S, Langer HF, Maier LS, Linz D, Mügge A, Hohl M, Steendijk P, Hamdani N. CaMKII activity contributes to homeometric autoregulation of the heart: A novel mechanism for the Anrep effect. J Physiol 2020; 598:3129-3153. [PMID: 32394454 DOI: 10.1113/jp279607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The Anrep effect represents the alteration of left ventricular (LV) contractility to acutely enhanced afterload in a few seconds, thereby preserving stroke volume (SV) at constant preload. As a result of the missing preload stretch in our model, the Anrep effect differs from the slow force response and has a different mechanism. The Anrep effect demonstrated two different phases. First, the sudden increased afterload was momentary equilibrated by the enhanced LV contractility as a result of higher power strokes of strongly-bound myosin cross-bridges. Second, the slightly delayed recovery of SV is perhaps dependent on Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activation caused by oxidation and myofilament phosphorylation (cardiac myosin-binding protein-C, myosin light chain 2), maximizing the recruitment of available strongly-bound myosin cross-bridges. Short-lived oxidative stress might present a new facet of subcellular signalling with respect to cardiovascular regulation. Relevance for human physiology was demonstrated by echocardiography disclosing the Anrep effect in humans during handgrip exercise. ABSTRACT The present study investigated whether oxidative stress and Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) activity are involved in triggering the Anrep effect. LV pressure-volume (PV) analyses of isolated, preload controlled working hearts were performed at two afterload levels (60 and 100 mmHg) in C57BL/6N wild-type (WT) and CaMKII-double knockout mice (DKOCaMKII ). In snap-frozen WT hearts, force-pCa relationship, H2 O2 generation, CaMKII oxidation and phosphorylation of myofilament and Ca2+ handling proteins were assessed. Acutely raised afterload showed significantly increased wall stress, H2 O2 generation and LV contractility in the PV diagram with an initial decrease and recovery of stroke volume, whereas end-diastolic pressure and volume, as well as heart rate, remained constant. Afterload induced increase in LV contractility was blunted in DKOCaMKII -hearts. Force development of single WT cardiomyocytes was greater with elevated afterload at submaximal Ca2+ concentration and associated with increases in CaMKII oxidation and phosphorylation of cardiac-myosin binding protein-C, myosin light chain and Ca2+ handling proteins. CaMKII activity is involved in the regulation of the Anrep effect and associates with stimulation of oxidative stress, presumably starting a cascade of CaMKII oxidation with downstream phosphorylation of myofilament and Ca2+ handling proteins. These mechanisms improve LV inotropy and preserve stroke volume within few seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Christian Reil
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitäres Herzzentrum Lübeck, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gert-Hinrich Reil
- Klinik für Kardiologie, Klinikum Oldenburg, Innere Medizin I, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Árpád Kovács
- Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Vasco Sequeira
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mark T Waddingham
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Lodi
- Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Melissa Herwig
- Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Shahrooz Ghaderi
- Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael M Kreusser
- Departments of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zoltán Papp
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Niels Voigt
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Svenja Meyhöfer
- Institute for Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany and German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Harald F Langer
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitäres Herzzentrum Lübeck, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lars S Maier
- Klinik und Poliklinik für innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Linz
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III (Kardiologie, Angiologie, Internistische Intensivmedizin), Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mathias Hohl
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III (Kardiologie, Angiologie, Internistische Intensivmedizin), Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Paul Steendijk
- Departments of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department Clinical Pharmacology, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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79
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Glu 60 of α-Calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II mediates crosstalk between the regulatory T-site and protein substrate binding region of the active site. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 685:108348. [PMID: 32198047 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Memory formation transpires to be by activation and persistent modification of synapses. A chain of biochemical events accompany synaptic activation and culminate in memory formation. These biochemical events are steered by interplay and modulation of various synaptic proteins, achieved by conformational changes and phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of these proteins. Calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are synaptic proteins whose interactions play a pivotal role in learning and memory process. Catalytic activity of CaMKII is modulated upon its interaction with the GluN2B subunit of NMDAR. The structural basis of this interaction is not clearly understood. We have investigated the role of Glu60 of α-CaMKII, a conserved residue present in the ATP binding region of kinases, in the regulation of catalysis of CaMKII by GluN2B. Mutation of Glu60 to Gly exerts different effects on the kinetic parameters of phosphorylation of GluN2B and GluN2A, of which only GluN2B binds to the T-site of CaMKII. GluN2B induced modulation of the kinetic parameters of peptide substrate was altered in the E60G mutant. The mutation almost abolished the modulation of the apparent Km value for protein substrate. However, although kinetic parameters for ATP were altered by mutating Glu60, modulation of the apparent Km value for ATP by GluN2B seen in WT was exhibited by the E60G mutant of α-CaMKII. Hence our results posit that the communication of the T-site of CaMKII with protein substrate binding region of active site is mediated through Glu60 while the communication of the T-site with the ATP binding region is not entirely dependent on Glu60.
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80
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Zheng N, Li H, Wang X, Zhao Z, Shan D. Oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis is associated with dysregulated Akt/p53 signaling pathway. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 40:599-604. [PMID: 32460597 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1772297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress may play a crucial role in cardiac and vascular abnormalities in different types of cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, we explored the mechanism underlying oxidative stress-mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis with a focus on the Akt-p53 signaling pathway. In vitro, cardiomyocyte was cultured with different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Then, cardiomyocyte viability, apoptosis rate and signaling pathway were analyzed through ELISA, immunofluorescence, qPCR and western blots. The results indicated that oxidative stress caused cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, oxidative stress inhibited cardiomyocyte glucose metabolism and promoted lactic acid accumulation. Besides, oxidative stress triggered calcium overload in cardiomyocyte. Finally, we found that oxidative stress inhibited the activity of Akt pathway while activated p53 signaling pathway. Genetic knockdown of p53 abolished oxidative stress-mediated cardiomyocyte injury and death through regulating the expressions and activities of caspase-3 and Bax. Altogether, our results illustrate that oxidative stress is associated with cardiomyocyte apoptosis through a mechanism involving dysregulated Akt/p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zheng
- Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Han Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zaixian Zhao
- First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongkai Shan
- Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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81
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CaMKII/calpain interaction mediates ischemia/reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:388. [PMID: 32439852 PMCID: PMC7242471 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2605-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies indicated that Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), a kinase involved in the modulation of ryanodine receptor activity, activates Ca2+-regulated protease μ-calpain to promote myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. This study was performed to explore the underlying mechanisms in CaMKII-induced calpain activation to better understand heart injury. To examine the Ca2+ paradox and ischemia/reperfusion injury, isolated rat hearts were subjected to a Ca2+-free solution for 3 min, or left coronary artery occlusion for 40 min, prior to restoration of normal perfusion. Blockade of trans-sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ flux using ryanodine and thapsigargin failed to prevent Ca2+ paradox-induced heart injury. In contrast, the Ca2+ paradox increased CaMKII auto-phosphorylation at Thr287, while the CaMKII inhibitor KN-62 and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger inhibitor KB-R7943 alleviated heart injury and calpain activity. Intriguingly, the binding of μ-calpain large subunit calpain-1 (CAPN1) to phospho-CaMKII was blunted by both inhibitors. Thus, a Ca2+ leak via the ryanodine receptor is not an essential element in CaMKII-elicited calpain activation. In hearts receiving vector injection, ischemia/reperfusion caused elevated calpain activity and α-fodrin degradation, along with membrane integrity damage, similar to the effects noted in control hearts. Importantly, all these alterations were diminished with delivery of adeno-associated virus expressing mutant CaMKIIδC T287A. Ischemia/reperfusion increased CaMKII auto-phosphorylation and binding of CAPN1 to phospho-CaMKII, and facilitated the translocation of phospho-CaMKII and CAPN1 to the plasma membrane, all of which were reversed by injecting CaMKII mutant. Furthermore, the relocation capacity and the interaction of CaMKII with CAPN1 appeared to be dependent upon CaMKII autophosphorylation, as its mutant delivery increased the level of CaMKII, but did not increase membrane content of CaMKII and CAPN1, or their interactions. Together, CaMKII/calpain interaction represents a new avenue for mediating myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, and CaMKII likely serves as both a kinase and a carrier, thereby promoting calpain membrane translocation and activation.
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82
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Backs
- From the Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany (J.B.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany (J.B.)
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83
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Fu Z, Jiao Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Shen M, Reiter RJ, Xi Q, Chen Y. Cardioprotective Role of Melatonin in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Front Physiol 2020; 11:366. [PMID: 32411013 PMCID: PMC7201093 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a pleiotropic, indole secreted, and synthesized by the human pineal gland. Melatonin has biological effects including anti-apoptosis, protecting mitochondria, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and stimulating target cells to secrete cytokines. Its protective effect on cardiomyocytes in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has caused widespread interest in the actions of this molecule. The effects of melatonin against oxidative stress, promoting autophagic repair of cells, regulating immune and inflammatory responses, enhancing mitochondrial function, and relieving endoplasmic reticulum stress, play crucial roles in protecting cardiomyocytes from infarction. Mitochondrial apoptosis and dysfunction are common occurrence in cardiomyocyte injury after myocardial infarction. This review focuses on the targets of melatonin in protecting cardiomyocytes in AMI, the main molecular signaling pathways that melatonin influences in its endogenous protective role in myocardial infarction, and the developmental prospect of melatonin in myocardial infarction treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhong Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jihang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzhi Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- San Antonio Cellular Therapeutics Institute, Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Qing Xi
- The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yundai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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84
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Wang J, Toan S, Zhou H. New insights into the role of mitochondria in cardiac microvascular ischemia/reperfusion injury. Angiogenesis 2020; 23:299-314. [PMID: 32246225 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09720-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As reperfusion therapies have become more widely used in acute myocardial infarction patients, ischemia-induced myocardial damage has been markedly reduced, but reperfusion-induced cardiac injury has become increasingly evident. The features of cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury include microvascular perfusion defects, platelet activation and sequential cardiomyocyte death due to additional ischemic events at the reperfusion stage. Microvascular obstruction, defined as a no-reflow phenomenon, determines the infarct zone, myocardial function and peri-operative mortality. Cardiac microvascular endothelial cell injury may occur much earlier and with much greater severity than cardiomyocyte injury. Endothelial cells contain fewer mitochondria than other cardiac cells, and several of the pathological alterations during cardiac microvascular I/R injury involve mitochondria, such as increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) levels and disturbed mitochondrial dynamics. Although mROS are necessary physiological second messengers, high mROS levels induce oxidative stress, endothelial senescence and apoptosis. Mitochondrial dynamics, including fission, fusion and mitophagy, determine the shape, distribution, size and function of mitochondria. These adaptive responses modify extracellular signals and orchestrate intracellular processes such as cell proliferation, migration, metabolism, angiogenesis, permeability transition, adhesive molecule expression, endothelial barrier function and anticoagulation. In this review, we discuss the involvement of mROS and mitochondrial morphofunction in cardiac microvascular I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Sam Toan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China. .,Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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85
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Wang J, Toan S, Li R, Zhou H. Melatonin fine-tunes intracellular calcium signals and eliminates myocardial damage through the IP3R/MCU pathways in cardiorenal syndrome type 3. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 174:113832. [PMID: 32006470 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndrome type-3 (CRS-3) is characterized by acute cardiac injury induced by acute kidney injury. Here, we investigated the causes of CRS-3 by analyzing cardiac function after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) using echocardiography and evaluation of pro-inflammatory markers, calcium balance, mitochondrial function, and cardiomyocyte death. Our results show that renal IRI reduces cardiac diastolic function associated with cardiomyocyte death and inflammatory responses. Renal IRI also disrupts cardiomyocyte energy metabolism, induces calcium overload, and impairs mitochondrial function, as evidenced by reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mitochondrial fission. Further, renal IRI induces phosphorylation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and expression of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), resulting in cytoplasmic calcium overload and mitochondrial calcium accumulation. Pretreatment with melatonin attenuates renal IRI-mediated cardiac damage by maintaining myocardial diastolic function and reducing cardiomyocyte death. Melatonin also inhibits IP3R phosphorylation and MCU expression, thereby alleviating cytoplasmic and mitochondrial calcium overload. Blockade of IP3R has similar cardioprotective effects, whereas MCU activation abrogates the melatonin-mediated cardioprotection. These results show that the negative effects of renal IRI on myocardial viability and cardiac function are caused by induced IP3R phosphorylation, MCU upregulation, and calcium overload. Melatonin protects cardiac function against CRS-3 by suppressing IP3R-MCU signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Sam Toan
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Ruibing Li
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China.
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86
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Wang J, Toan S, Zhou H. Mitochondrial quality control in cardiac microvascular ischemia-reperfusion injury: New insights into the mechanisms and therapeutic potentials. Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104771. [PMID: 32234339 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thrombolytic therapy and revascularization strategies create a complete recanalization of the occluded epicardial coronary artery in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). However, about 35 % of patients still experience an impaired myocardial reperfusion, which is termed a no-reflow phenomenon mainly caused by cardiac microvascular ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Mitochondria are essential for microvascular endothelial cells' survival, both because of their roles as metabolic energy producers and as regulators of programmed cell death. Mitochondrial structure and function are regulated by a mitochondrial quality control (MQC) system, a series of processes including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics/mitophagy, mitochondrial proteostasis, and mitochondria-mediated cell death. Our review discusses the MQC mechanisms and how they are linked to cardiac microvascular I/R injury. Additionally, we will summarize the molecular basis that results in defective MQC mechanisms and present potential therapeutic interventions for improving MQC in cardiac microvascular I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Sam Toan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China.
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87
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Xin T, Lu C. Irisin activates Opa1-induced mitophagy to protect cardiomyocytes against apoptosis following myocardial infarction. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:4474-4488. [PMID: 32155590 PMCID: PMC7093202 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is characterized by sudden ischemia and cardiomyocyte death. Mitochondria have critical roles in regulating cardiomyocyte viability and can sustain damage under ischemic conditions. Mitophagy is a mechanism by which damaged mitochondria are removed by autophagy to maintain mitochondrial structure and function. We investigated the role of the dynamin-like GTPase optic atrophy 1 (Opa1) in mitophagy following myocardial infarction. Opa1 expression was downregulated in infarcted hearts in vivo and in hypoxia-treated cardiomyocytes in vitro. We found that Opa1 overexpression protected cardiomyocytes against hypoxia-induced damage and enhanced cell viability by inducing mitophagy. Opa1-induced mitophagy was activated by treatment with irisin, which protected cardiomyocytes from further damage following myocardial infarction. Opa1 knockdown abolished the cardioprotective effects of irisin resulting in an enhanced inflammatory response, increased oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes. Our data indicate that Opa1 plays an important role in maintaining cardiomyocyte viability and mitochondrial function following myocardial infarction by inducing mitophagy. Irisin can activate Opa1-induced mitophagy and protect against cardiomyocyte injury following myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xin
- The First Center Clinic College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chengzhi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
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88
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Trum M, Wagner S, Maier LS, Mustroph J. CaMKII and GLUT1 in heart failure and the role of gliflozins. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165729. [PMID: 32068116 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Empagliflozin, a selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, has been shown to reduce mortality and hospitalization for heart failure in diabetic patients in the EMPA-REG-OUTCOME trial (Zinman et al., 2015). Surprisingly, dapagliflozin, another SGLT2 inhibitor, exerted comparable effects on clinical endpoints even in the absence of diabetes mellitus (DAPA-HF trial) (McMurray et al., 2019). There is a myriad of suggested underlying mechanisms ranging from improved glycemic control and hemodynamic effects to altered myocardial metabolism, inflammation, neurohumoral activation and intracellular ion homeostasis. Here, we review the effects of gliflozins on cardiac electro-mechanical coupling with an emphasis on novel CaMKII-mediated pathways and on cardiac glucose and ketone metabolism in the failing heart. We focus on empagliflozin as it is the gliflozin with the most abundant experimental evidence for direct effects on the heart. Where useful, we aim to compare empagliflozin to other gliflozins. To facilitate understanding of empagliflozin-induced alterations, we first give a short summary of the pathophysiological role of CaMKII in heart failure, as well as cardiac changes of glucose and ketone body metabolism in the failing heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trum
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - S Wagner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - L S Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - J Mustroph
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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89
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Nassal D, Gratz D, Hund TJ. Challenges and Opportunities for Therapeutic Targeting of Calmodulin Kinase II in Heart. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:35. [PMID: 32116711 PMCID: PMC7012788 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure remains a major health burden around the world. Despite great progress in delineation of molecular mechanisms underlying development of disease, standard therapy has not advanced at the same pace. The multifunctional signaling molecule Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has received considerable attention over recent years for its central role in maladaptive remodeling and arrhythmias in the setting of chronic disease. However, these basic science discoveries have yet to translate into new therapies for human patients. This review addresses both the promise and barriers to developing translational therapies that target CaMKII signaling to abrogate pathologic remodeling in the setting of chronic disease. Efforts in small molecule design are discussed, as well as alternative targeting approaches that exploit novel avenues for compound delivery and/or genetic approaches to affect cardiac CaMKII signaling. These alternative strategies provide hope for overcoming some of the challenges that have limited the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew Nassal
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Daniel Gratz
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Thomas J Hund
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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90
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Zhou D, Zhang M, Min L, Jiang K, Jiang Y. Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion is modulated by macrophage-stimulating 1 through the MAPK-ERK signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7067-7080. [PMID: 32017081 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is associated with mitochondrial damage. Macrophage-stimulating 1 (MST1) reportedly stimulates mitochondrial apoptosis by suppressing BCL-2. We investigated whether MST1 promotes the progression of cerebral IR injury by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in vitro. Western blot analysis, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, and mitochondrial function assays were conducted in cells from wild-type and Mst1-knockout mice subjected to cerebral IR injury. MST1 expression in wild-type glial cells increased following cerebral IR injury. Cerebral IR injury reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial metabolism in glial cells, while it enhanced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial calcium levels in these cells. The deletion of Mst1 attenuated cerebral IR injury by improving mitochondrial function and reducing mitochondrial damage. The mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathway was suppressed in wild-type glial cell upon cerebral IR injury but was reactivated in Mst1-knockout glial cell. Accordingly, blocking the MAPK/ERK pathway abolished the beneficial effects of Mst1 deletion during cerebral IR injury by inducing mitochondrial damage in glial cells. Our results suggest that cerebral IR injury is associated with MST1 upregulation in the brain, while the genetic ablation of Mst1 can attenuate mitochondrial damage and sustain brain function following cerebral IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingzhou Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liu Min
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kaiyuan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yugang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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91
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Ma G, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wen Z, Li X, Zhai H, Miao L, Luo J. Liraglutide reduces hyperglycemia-induced cardiomyocyte death through activating glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor and targeting AMPK pathway. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 40:133-140. [PMID: 32013667 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1719517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Hyperglycemia-mediated cardiomyocyte damage is associated with inflammation and AMPK inactivation.Aim: The aim of our study is to explore the protective effects exerted by liraglutide on AMPK pathway and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor in diabetic cardiomyopathy.Methods: Cardiomyocytes were treated with high-glucose stress and cardiomyocyte viability was determined via (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Besides, LDH release, immunofluorescence, and qPCR were used to verify the influence of liraglutide on hyperglycemia-treated cardiomyocytes.Results: Hyperglycemia treatment caused inflammation response and oxidative stress were significantly elevated in cardiomyocytes. This alteration could be reversed by liraglutide. Besides, cell viability was reduced whereas apoptosis was increased after exposure to high glucose treatment. However, liraglutide treatment could attenuate apoptosis and reverse cell viability in cardiomyocyte. Further, we found that AMPK pathway was also activated and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor expression was increased in response to liraglutide treatment.Conclusions: Liraglutide could attenuate hyperglycemia-mediated cardiomyocyte damage through reversing AMPK pathway and upregulating glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqun Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases.,Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingwu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases.,Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases.,Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhinan Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases.,Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases.,Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Hu Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases.,Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Miao
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases.,Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Jieying Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases.,Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin, China
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92
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Li P, Hu F, Cao X, Luo L, Tu Q. Melatonin receptor protects cardiomyocyte against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis through the MAPK-ERK signaling pathway. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 40:117-125. [PMID: 31986953 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1719151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Gerontology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Cao
- Department of Gerontology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyun Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuyun Tu
- Department of Gerontology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
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93
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Zhang Y, Zhang H, Shi W, Wang W. Mief1 augments thyroid cell dysfunction and apoptosis through inhibiting AMPK-PTEN signaling pathway. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 40:15-23. [PMID: 31960779 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1716799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Inflammation-mediated thyroid cell dysfunction and apoptosis increases the like-hood of hypothyroidism.Aim: Our aim in the present study is to explore the role of mitochondrial elongation factor 1 (Mief1) in thyroid cell dysfunction induced by TNFα.Materials and methods: Different doses of TNFα were used to incubate with thyroid cells in vitro. The survival rate, apoptotic index and proliferation capacity of thyroid cells were measured. Cellular energy metabolism and endoplasmic reticulum function related to protein synthesis were detected.Results: In response to TNFα treatment, the levels of Mief1 were increased, coinciding with a drop in the viability of thyroid cells in vitro. Loss of Mief1 attenuates TNFα-induced cell death through reducing the ratio of cell apoptosis. Further, we found that Mief1 deletion reversed cell energy metabolism and this effect was attributable to mitochondrial protection. Mief1 knockdown sustained mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced mitochondrial ROS overproduction. In addition, Mief1 knockdown also reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress, as evidenced by decreased levels of Chop and Caspase-12. Finally, our data verified that TNFα treatment inhibited the activity of AMPK-PTEN pathway whereas Mief1 deletion reversed the activity of AMPK and thus promoted the upregulation of PTEN. However, inhibition of AMPK-PTEN pathways could abolish the beneficial effects exerted by Mief1 deletion on thyroid cells damage and dysfunction.Conclusions: Altogether, our data indicate that immune abnormality-mediated thyroid cell dysfunction and death are alleviated by Mief1 deletion possible driven through reversing the activity of AMPK-PTEN pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglan Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Otorhinolaryngology Research Institute of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Auditory Speech Balance Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Haichao Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Otorhinolaryngology Research Institute of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Auditory Speech Balance Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Otorhinolaryngology Research Institute of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Auditory Speech Balance Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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94
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Shang X, Zhang Y, Xu J, Li M, Wang X, Yu R. SRV2 promotes mitochondrial fission and Mst1-Drp1 signaling in LPS-induced septic cardiomyopathy. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:1417-1432. [PMID: 31951593 PMCID: PMC7053598 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial fission is associated with cardiomyocyte death and myocardial depression, and suppressor of ras val-2 (SRV2) is a newly discovered pro-fission protein. In this study, we examined the mechanisms of SRV2-mediated mitochondrial fission in septic cardiomyopathy. Western blotting, ELISA, and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate mitochondrial function, oxidative balance, energy metabolism and caspase-related death, and siRNA and adenoviruses were used to perform loss- and gain-of-function assays. Our results demonstrated that increased SRV2 expression promotes, while SRV2 knockdown attenuates, cardiomyocyte death in LPS-induced septic cardiomyopathy. Mechanistically, SRV2 activation promoted mitochondrial fission and physiological abnormalities by upregulating oxidative injury, ATP depletion, and caspase-9-related apoptosis. Our results also demonstrated that SRV2 promotes mitochondrial fission via a Mst1-Drp1 axis. SRV2 knockdown decreased Mst1 and Drp1 levels, while Mst1 overexpression abolished the mitochondrial protection and cardiomyocyte survival-promoting effects of SRV2 knockdown. SRV2 is thus a key novel promotor of mitochondrial fission and Mst1-Drp1 axis activity in septic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling Shang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Center for Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Yingrui Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Center for Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Jingqing Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Center for Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Center for Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Rongguo Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Center for Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
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95
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Liu T, Wang Q, Yao K. Huoxue Wentong Formula ameliorates myocardial infarction in rats through inhibiting CaMKII oxidation and phosphorylation. Chin Med 2020; 15:3. [PMID: 31938036 PMCID: PMC6954496 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-0285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Chinese medicine Huoxue Wentong Formula (HXWTF) was used to treat thoracic obstruction and angina pectoris in clinic, which has not been investigated in myocardial ischemia-induced apoptosis and angiogenic function. Here we aimed to investigate the roles of HXWTF in rats with myocardial ischemia-induced apoptosis and angiogenesis disorders, as well as to reveal the potential mechanisms. Methods Male SD rats were subjected to coronary artery ligation followed by HXWTF (420, 840 and 1680 mg/kg/day, p.o.) or isosorbide mononitrate (6.3 mg/kg/day, p.o.) treatment for 4 weeks. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Echocardiography (ECHO) were used to measure cardiac function. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and CD34/α-SMA immunohistochemical staining were performed to observe the ischemic heart sections pathological changes and angiogenesis. Then, the effects on cardiomyocyte apoptosis of H9c2 and tube formation of HCMECs were observed, as well as the changes in the levels of total calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (t-CaMKII), phosphorylated CaMKII (p-CaMKII), oxidized CaMKII (ox-CaMKII), CD34, and Bcl-2/Bax ratio were detected. Results Rats with coronary artery ligation exhibited abnormal cardiac function, enlarged myocardial space, disorderly arranged myocardial fibers, inflammatory cells infiltrated, and aggravated myocardial cell apoptosis, along with angiogenesis dysfunction. The expressions of CD34, p-CaMKII, and ox-CaMKII were elevated and Bcl-2/Bax ratio was diminished in ischemic hearts and H/SD-treated H9c2 or HCMECs, while HXWTF treatment completely rescued angiogenic dysfunction, inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and down-regulated cardiac CaMKII oxidation and phosphorylation activities. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that HXWTF improves myocardial infarction possibly through inhibiting CaMKII oxidation and phosphorylation levels, facilitating angiogenic function and alleviating cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Thus, therapeutics targeting CaMKII activities may be a promising strategy for rescuing ischemic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixian'ge, District of Xi Cheng, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixian'ge, District of Xi Cheng, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Kuiwu Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixian'ge, District of Xi Cheng, Beijing, 100053 China
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96
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Jesus ICG, Mesquita TRR, Monteiro ALL, Parreira AB, Santos AK, Coelho ELX, Silva MM, Souza LAC, Campagnole-Santos MJ, Santos RS, Guatimosim S. Alamandine enhances cardiomyocyte contractility in hypertensive rats through a nitric oxide-dependent activation of CaMKII. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C740-C750. [PMID: 31913703 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00153.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Overstimulation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. Alamandine is a peptide newly identified as a protective component of the RAS; however, the mechanisms involved in its beneficial effects remain elusive. By using a well-characterized rat model of hypertension, the TGR (mREN2)27, we show that mREN ventricular myocytes are prone to contractile enhancement mediated by short-term alamandine (100 nmol/L) stimulation of Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor member D (MrgD) receptors, while Sprague-Dawley control cells showed no effect. Additionally, alamandine prevents the Ca2+ dysregulation classically exhibited by freshly isolated mREN myocytes. Accordingly, alamandine treatment of mREN myocytes attenuated Ca2+ spark rate and enhanced Ca2+ reuptake to the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Along with these findings, KN-93 fully inhibited the alamandine-induced increase in Ca2+ transient magnitude and phospholamban (PLN) phosphorylation at Thr17, indicating CaMKII as a downstream effector of the MrgD signaling pathway. In mREN ventricular myocytes, alamandine treatment induced significant nitric oxide (NO) production. Importantly, NO synthase inhibition prevented the contractile actions of alamandine, including PLN-Thr17 phosphorylation at the CaMKII site, thereby indicating that NO acts upstream of CaMKII in the alamandine downstream signaling. Altogether, our results show that enhanced contractile responses mediated by alamandine in cardiomyocytes from hypertensive rats occur through a NO-dependent activation of CaMKII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itamar Couto Guedes Jesus
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - André Luís Lima Monteiro
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Amanda Borges Parreira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Anderson Kenedy Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Elizeu Lucas Xavier Coelho
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mário Morais Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucas A C Souza
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria José Campagnole-Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Robson Souza Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Silvia Guatimosim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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97
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Wang J, Zhu P, Li R, Ren J, Zhou H. Fundc1-dependent mitophagy is obligatory to ischemic preconditioning-conferred renoprotection in ischemic AKI via suppression of Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission. Redox Biol 2019; 30:101415. [PMID: 31901590 PMCID: PMC6940662 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (Fundc1)-dependent mitophagy, mainly activated by ischemic/hypoxic preconditioning, benefits acute myocardial reperfusion injury and chronic metabolic syndrome via sustaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Mitochondrial fission plays a pathogenic role in ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI) through perturbation of mitochondrial quality and activation of mitochondrial apoptosis. The aim of our study was to explore the role of Fundc1 mitophagy in ischemia preconditioning (IPC)-mediated renoprotection. Proximal tubule-specific Fundc1 knockout (Fundc1PTKO) mice were subjected to ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) and IPC prior to assessment of renal function, mitophagy, mitochondrial quality control, and Drp1-related mitochondrial fission. Following exposure to IPC, Fundc1 mitophagy was activated through post-transcriptional phosphorylation at Ser17. Interestingly, IRI-mediated renal injury, inflammation, and tubule cell death were mitigated by IPC whereas proximal tubule-specific Fundc1 knockout (Fundc1PTKO) mice abolished IPC-offered renoprotection. Mechanistically, IRI-evoked mitochondrial damage was improved by IPC whereas Fundc1 deficiency provoked mitochondrial abnormality, manifested by impaired mitochondrial quality and hyperactivated Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission. Interestingly, Fundc1 deficiency-associated mitochondrial dysfunction was reversed by pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial fission. In vivo, Fundc1 deletion-caused renal injury, severe pro-inflammatory response, and tubule cell death could be nullified by way of knockout Drp1 on Fundc1PTKO background. Finally, we also revealed that IPC triggered Fundc1 mitophagy activation through UNC-51-like kinase 1 (Ulk1) and Ulk1 ablation interrupted IPC-mediated Fundc1 activation and thus attenuated IPC-induced renoprotection. Fundc1 mitophagy, primarily driven by IPC, confers resistance to AKI through reconciliation of mitochondrial fission, implicating the therapeutic potential of targeting mitochondrial homeostasis for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Pingjun Zhu
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ruibing Li
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA.
| | - Hao Zhou
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA.
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98
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Yang Y, Gong Z, Wang Z. Yes-associated protein reduces neuroinflammation through upregulation of Sirt3 and inhibition of JNK signaling pathway. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2019; 39:479-487. [PMID: 31858862 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2019.1705339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Neuroinflammation is linked to a series of neurodegenerative diseases through the unknown mechanisms.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Yes-associated protein (Yap) in the regulation of neuroinflammation.Methods: BV-2 neuroglia cells were treated with TNFα in vitro. Then, western blots, qPCR, immunofluorescence, and ELISA were used to verify the influence of Yap in BV-2 cells neuroinflammation response.Results: After exposure to TNFα, viability of BV-2 cells decreased whereas apoptosis index was increased. Of note, Yap expression in BV-2 cells was significantly reduced, when compared to the normal cells. Interestingly, adenovirus-induced Yap overexpression was capable to reverse cell viability and thus reduce apoptotic index in TNFα-treated BV-2 cells. Molecular investigation demonstrated that Yap overexpression was linked to Sirt3 upregulation. Increased Sirt3 reduced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, attenuated mitochondrial damage, and blocked JNK pro-apoptotic pathway. Interestingly, loss of Sirt3 abolished the protective effects induced by Yap overexpression in TNFα-treated BV-2 cells.Conclusions: Altogether, our results demonstrated that neuroinflammation could be caused by Yap downregulation, possible driven through Sirt3 inhibition and JNK activation. However, overexpression of Yap could protect BV-2 cells against TNFα-mediated apoptosis through modulating Sirt3-JNK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | | | - Zhiyun Wang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
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99
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Tian Y, Lv W, Lu C, Zhao X, Zhang C, Song H. LATS2 promotes cardiomyocyte H9C2 cells apoptosis via the Prx3-Mfn2-mitophagy pathways. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2019; 39:470-478. [PMID: 31829064 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2019.1701031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Context: The pathogenesis of cardiomyocyte death is closely associated with mitochondrial homeostasis via poorly understood mechanisms.Objective: The aim of our study is to explore the contribution of large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2) to the apoptosis of cardiomyocyte H9C2 cells.Materials and Methods: Adenovirus-mediated LATS2 overexpression was carried out in H9C2 cells. The cell viability and apoptosis rate were measured via an MTT assay, TUNEL staining, western blotting, an ELISA, and an LDH release assay. Mitophagy was quantified using immunofluorescence and western blotting.Results: The overexpression of LATS2 in H9C2 cells drastically promoted cell death. Molecular investigations showed that LATS2 overexpression was associated with mitochondrial injury, as evidenced by increased mitochondrial ROS production, reduced antioxidant factor levels, increased cyt-c liberation into the nucleus and activated mitochondrial caspase-9-dependent apoptotic pathway activity. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that LATS2-mediated mitochondrial malfunction by repressing mitophagy and that the reactivation of mitophagy could sustain mitochondrial integrity and homeostasis in response to LATS2 overexpression. Furthermore, we found that LATS2 inhibited mitophagy by inactivating the Prx3-Mfn2 axis. The reactivation of Prx3-Mfn2 pathways abrogated the LATS2-mediated inhibition of mitochondrial apoptosis in H9C2 cells.Conclusions: The overexpression of LATS2 induces mitochondrial stress by repressing protective mitophagy in a manner dependent on Prx3-Mfn2 pathways, thus reducing the survival of H9C2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Lv
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chengzhi Lu
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Chunguang Zhang
- North District Maternal and Child Health Family Planning Service Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Haoming Song
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China
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100
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MiR-338-5p ameliorates pathological cardiac hypertrophy by targeting CAMKIIδ. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:1071-1080. [PMID: 31820396 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01199-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy (PCH) is characterized by an increase in cardiomyocyte size and thickening of the ventricular walls during the adaptive response to maintain cardiac function, which often progresses to a maladaptive response and, ultimately, to heart failure. Previous studies have demonstrated that miRNAs play roles in the pathogenesis of PCH. In this study, we first found that the regulation of miR-338-5p was aberrant in cardiac tissues of heart failure patients and transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced PCH mice. Overexpression of miR-338-5p in the heart using recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (rAAV9) ameliorated TAC-induced PCH, as indicated by a decreased heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) ratio. Furthermore, miR-338-5p mitigated the TAC-induced damage in heart contraction and relaxation function, as measured by echocardiography and a cardio hemodynamic measurement, respectively. We also identified CAMKIIδ as a direct target of miR-338-5p using bioinformatics tools and the luciferase reporter assay. Finally, we observed that the miR-338-5p-mediated downregulation of CAMKIIδ reversed the cell surface area enlargement induced by the Ang-II treatment in H9c2 cells. Therefore, we highlight a novel molecular mechanism of the miR-338-5p/CAMKIIδ axis that contributes to the pathogenesis of PCH.
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