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Ivanenko N, Ivanenko A, Solovyev N, Zeimal׳ A, Navolotskii D, Drobyshev E. Biomonitoring of 20 trace elements in blood and urine of occupationally exposed workers by sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Talanta 2013; 116:764-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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52
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Birgisdottir BE, Knutsen HK, Haugen M, Gjelstad IM, Jenssen MTS, Ellingsen DG, Thomassen Y, Alexander J, Meltzer HM, Brantsæter AL. Essential and toxic element concentrations in blood and urine and their associations with diet: results from a Norwegian population study including high-consumers of seafood and game. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 463-464:836-844. [PMID: 23867847 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The first aim of the study was to evaluate calculated dietary intake and concentrations measured in blood or urine of essential and toxic elements in relation to nutritional and toxicological reference values. The second aim was to identify patterns of the element concentrations in blood and urine and to identify possible dietary determinants of the concentrations of these elements. Adults with a known high consumption of environmental contaminants (n=111), and a random sample of controls (n=76) answered a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Complete data on biological measures were available for 179 individuals. Blood and urine samples were analyzed for selenium, iodine, arsenic, mercury, cadmium and lead. Principal component analysis was used to identify underlying patterns of correlated blood and urine concentrations. The calculated intakes of selenium, iodine, inorganic arsenic and mercury were within guideline levels. For cadmium 24% of the high consumer group and 8% of the control group had intakes above the tolerable weekly intake. Concentrations of lead in blood exceeded the bench-mark dose lower confidence limits for some participants. However, overall, the examined exposures did not give rise to nutritional or toxicological concerns. Game consumption was associated with lead in blood (B(ln) 0.021; 95%CI:0.010, 0.031) and wine consumption. Seafood consumption was associated with urinary cadmium in non-smokers (B(ln) 0.009; 95%CI:0.003, 0.015). A novel finding was a distinct pattern of positively associated biological markers, comprising iodine, selenium, arsenic and mercury (eigenvalue 3.8), reflecting seafood intake (B 0.007; 95%CI:0.004, 0.010). The study clearly demonstrates the significance of seafood as a source of both essential nutrients and toxic elements simultaneously and shows that exposure to various essential and toxic elements can be intertwined.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Birgisdottir
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Shah F, Kazi TG, Ullah N, Afridi HI. Determination of lead in biological samples of children with different physiological consequences using cloud point extraction method. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 153:134-40. [PMID: 23625698 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9677-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In present study, lead (Pb) level in biological samples of children with physiological disorders (liver, bone, and gastrointestinal; age ranged 1-10 years) have been assessed. For comparison purpose, age-matched healthy children were also selected. Cloud point extraction (CPE) was employed for preconcentration of Pb in acid-digested biological samples prior to its determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Dithizone (diphenylthiocarbazone) and nonionic surfactant Triton X-114 (TX-114) were used as complexing reagent and extractant, respectively. The effects of several experimental variables on proposed CPE were evaluated. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the observed detection limit (LOD) and the enhancement factor (EF) were 0.08 μg L(-1) and 53, respectively. Relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 μg L(-1) Pb was 3.4 %. It was observed that children with liver-, bone-, and gastrointestinal-related disorders had three- to fourfold higher Pb level in blood and scalp hair samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Shah
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey.
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Park JS, Chang JY, Hong J, Ko JS, Seo JK, Shin S, Lee EH. Nutritional zinc status in weaning infants: association with iron deficiency, age, and growth profile. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 150:91-102. [PMID: 23054863 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated the correlation between iron deficiency (ID) and zinc deficiency (ZD) and explored the demographic, anthropometric, and feeding-related factors associated with hypozincemia and hair zinc content in weaning infants. Infants aged 6-24 months were recruited, their feeding history was recorded, and their heights and weights were measured. Hemoglobin content, serum iron/total iron-binding capacity, and ferritin and zinc concentrations of serum and hair (using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy) were assessed. Among 101 infants, 64 (63.4 %) infants exhibited ID. The median serum zinc concentration in iron-deficient infants was lower than that in non-iron-deficient infants, respectively, 73.5 μg/dL (interquartile range [IQR], 65.0-83.8) vs. 87.0 μg/dL (IQR, 77.5-97.0; p = 0.001). The frequency of hypozincemia was also significantly higher in the iron-deficient group than in the non-iron-deficient group (21 out of 64 [32.8 %] vs. 4 out of 37 [10.8 %], respectively; p = 0.014). In multiple regression analysis, the risk of hypozincemia was significantly increased in infants with ID (p = 0.026), mildly underweight infants (weight-for-age Z score < -1; p = 0.034), and infants with mild wasting (weight-for-height Z score < -1; p = 0.028). Hair zinc concentrations (n = 81) were not significantly associated with ID status (p > 0.1); however, there was an inverse relationship between hair zinc concentrations and age of infants (r = -0.250; p = 0.024). In weaning infants, ID is a risk factor for hypozincemia. Hair zinc concentrations appeared to decrease as the age of infants increased during late infancy. Further large-scale studies are needed to validate the relationship between hypozincemia and mild degrees of weight gain impairment in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Su Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Zhao LJ, Ren T, Zhong RG. Determination of Lead in Human Hair by High Resolution Continuum Source Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with Microwave Digestion and Solid Sampling. ANAL LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2012.689903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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56
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Watanabe T, Nakatsuka H, Shimbo S, Yaginuma-Sakurai K, Ikeda M. High cadmium and low lead exposure of children in Japan. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2012; 86:865-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-012-0821-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lee BK, Kim Y. Iron deficiency is associated with increased levels of blood cadmium in the Korean general population: analysis of 2008-2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2012; 112:155-63. [PMID: 22079861 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2011.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Revised: 10/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We present data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2009 on the distribution of blood cadmium levels and their association with iron deficiency in a representative sample of the adult Korean population. METHODS Serum ferritin was categorized into three levels: low (serum ferritin <15.0 μg/L), low normal (15.0-30.0 μg/L for women and 15.0-50.0 for men), and normal (≥30.0 μg/L for women and ≥50.0 for men), and its association with blood cadmium level was assessed after adjustment for various demographic and lifestyle factors. RESULTS Geometric means of blood cadmium in the low serum ferritin group in women, men, and all participants were significantly higher than in the normal group. Additionally, multiple regression analysis after adjusting for various covariates showed that blood cadmium was significantly higher in the low-ferritin group in women, men, and all participants compared with the normal group. We also found an association between serum ferritin and blood cadmium among never-smoking participants. DISCUSSION We found, similar to other recent population-based studies, an association between iron deficiency and increased blood cadmium in men and women, independent of smoking status. The results of the present study show that iron deficiency is associated with increased levels of blood cadmium in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Kook Lee
- Institute of Environmental & Occupational Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 646 Eupnae-ri, Shinchang-myun, Asan-si, Choongnam 336-745, South Korea
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Sughis M, Penders J, Haufroid V, Nemery B, Nawrot TS. Bone resorption and environmental exposure to cadmium in children: a cross--sectional study. Environ Health 2011; 10:104. [PMID: 22151692 PMCID: PMC3248365 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-10-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to cadmium has been associated with osteoporosis and fracture risk in women and elderly, but studies in children are lacking. In the present study we investigate the association between markers of bone demineralization [urinary calcium (Ca) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) excretion] and urinary cadmium (Cd) excretion (as an index of lifetime body burden). METHODS 155 schoolchildren from 2 elementary schools in Lahore, Pakistan were included. Urinary Cd was measured as an index of lifetime exposure. We assessed the multivariate-adjusted association of exposure with markers of bone resorption, urinary DPD as well as with Ca excretion. RESULTS Urinary Cd averaged 0.50 nmol/mmol creatinine and was not influenced by age, height, weight and socio-economic status (SES). Independent of gender, age, height, weight and SES a doubling of urinary Cd was associated with a 1.72 times (p < 0.0001) increase in urinary DPD and, a 1.21 times (p = 0.02) increase in urinary Ca. Additional adjustment for urinary Ca revealed still significant associations between urinary Cd and urinary DPD. The shape of the association was linear without evidence of a threshold. CONCLUSIONS Even in young children, low-level environmental exposure to cadmium is associated with evidence of bone resorption, suggesting a direct osteotoxic effect with increased calciuria. These findings might have clinical relevance at older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sughis
- Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Unit of Lung Toxicology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Centre of Research for Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan
- Lahore College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Joris Penders
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vincent Haufroid
- Laboratory of the Industrial Toxicology and Occupational Medicine Unit (Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoit Nemery
- Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Unit of Lung Toxicology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Unit of Lung Toxicology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Chiu SF, Wang PC, Kao PF, Lin JB, Lin DB, Chen CY. Trace metals analysis of hair samples from students in metropolitan area high schools. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-011-1167-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kempson IM, Lombi E. Hair analysis as a biomonitor for toxicology, disease and health status. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:3915-40. [PMID: 21468435 DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15021a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hair analysis receives a large amount of academic and commercial interest for wide-ranging applications. However, in many instances, especially for elemental or 'mineral' analysis, the degree of success of analytical interpretation has been quite minimal with respect to the extent of such endeavors. In this critical review we address the questions surrounding hair analysis with specific intent of discovering what hair concentrations can actually relate to in a biogenic sense. This is done from a chemistry perspective to explain why and how elements are incorporated into hair and their meaning. This includes an overview of variables attributed to altering hair concentrations, such as age, gender, melanin content, and other less reported factors. Hair elemental concentrations are reviewed with regard to morbidity, with specific examples of disease related effects summarized. The application of hair analysis for epidemiology and etiology studies is enforced. A section is dedicated specifically to the area of population studies with regards to mercury, which highlights how endogenous and exogenous incorporation relies on species dependant metabolism and metabolic products. Many of the considerations are relevant to other areas of interest in hair analysis, such as for drug and isotopic analysis. Inclusion of a table of elemental concentrations in hair should act as a valuable reference (298 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan M Kempson
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
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