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Kristensen LE, Keiserman M, Papp K, McCasland L, White D, Lu W, Soliman AM, Eldred A, Barcomb L, Behrens F. Efficacy and safety of risankizumab for active psoriatic arthritis: 52-week results from the KEEPsAKE 1 study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:2113-2121. [PMID: 36282530 PMCID: PMC10234205 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE PsA is a chronic disease with heterogeneous clinical manifestations requiring treatment options with long-term efficacy and safety. In this follow-up analysis, the 52-week efficacy and safety of risankizumab 150 mg in patients with active PsA who had previous inadequate response/intolerance to one or more conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARD-IR) were evaluated. METHODS KEEPsAKE 1 is an ongoing, global, phase 3 study with a 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled period (period 1) and an open-label extension period (period 2). In period 1, eligible patients were randomized 1:1 to receive subcutaneous risankizumab 150 mg or placebo at weeks 0, 4 and 16. At week 24 (period 2), all continuing patients received open-label risankizumab 150 mg every 12 weeks through week 208. RESULTS At week 24, 57.3% of risankizumab-treated patients (n = 483) achieved ≥20% improvement in ACR criteria (ACR20) vs 33.5% of placebo-treated patients (n = 481; P < 0.001). At week 52, 70.0% of patients who were randomized to receive continuous risankizumab therapy and 63.0% of patients who were randomized to receive placebo in period 1 and then receive risankizumab at week 24 achieved ACR20. Similar result trends were observed for other efficacy measures. Risankizumab was well tolerated through 52 weeks of treatment with a consistent safety profile from week 24 through week 52. CONCLUSION In patients with active PsA who were csDMARD-IR, continuous risankizumab treatment demonstrated robust long-term efficacy and was well tolerated through 52 weeks of treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, http://clinicaltrials.gov, KEEPsAKE1, NCT03675308.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Erik Kristensen
- The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mauro Keiserman
- Rheumatology Section, Pontifical Catholic University, School of Medicine, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Kim Papp
- Probity Medical Research–K Papp Clinical Research, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Leslie McCasland
- Department of Rheumatology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines VA Hospital, Hines, IL, USA
| | - Douglas White
- Rheumatology Department, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
- Waikato Clinical School, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | - Frank Behrens
- Rheumatology & Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Disease (CIMD), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Yarmolinsky J, Robinson JW, Mariosa D, Karhunen V, Huang J, Dimou N, Murphy N, Burrows K, Bouras E, Smith-Byrne K, Lewis SJ, Galesloot TE, Kiemeney LA, Vermeulen S, Martin P, Albanes D, Hou L, Newcomb PA, White E, Wolk A, Wu AH, Marchand LL, Phipps AI, Buchanan DD, Zhao SS, Gill D, Chanock SJ, Purdue MP, Smith GD, Brennan P, Herzig KH, Jarvelin MR, Dehghan A, Johansson M, Gunter MJ, Tsilidis KK, Martin RM. Association between circulating inflammatory markers and adult cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.05.04.23289196. [PMID: 37205426 PMCID: PMC10187459 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.04.23289196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Tumour-promoting inflammation is a "hallmark" of cancer and conventional epidemiological studies have reported links between various inflammatory markers and cancer risk. The causal nature of these relationships and, thus, the suitability of these markers as intervention targets for cancer prevention is unclear. Methods We meta-analysed 6 genome-wide association studies of circulating inflammatory markers comprising 59,969 participants of European ancestry. We then used combined cis-Mendelian randomization and colocalisation analysis to evaluate the causal role of 66 circulating inflammatory markers in risk of 30 adult cancers in 338,162 cancer cases and up to 824,556 controls. Genetic instruments for inflammatory markers were constructed using genome-wide significant (P < 5.0 x 10-8) cis-acting SNPs (i.e. in or ±250 kb from the gene encoding the relevant protein) in weak linkage disequilibrium (LD, r2 < 0.10). Effect estimates were generated using inverse-variance weighted random-effects models and standard errors were inflated to account for weak LD between variants with reference to the 1000 Genomes Phase 3 CEU panel. A false discovery rate (FDR)-corrected P-value ("q-value") < 0.05 was used as a threshold to define "strong evidence" to support associations and 0.05 ≤ q-value < 0.20 to define "suggestive evidence". A colocalisation posterior probability (PPH4) > 70% was employed to indicate support for shared causal variants across inflammatory markers and cancer outcomes. Results We found strong evidence to support an association of genetically-proxied circulating pro-adrenomedullin concentrations with increased breast cancer risk (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.10-1.29, q-value=0.033, PPH4=84.3%) and suggestive evidence to support associations of interleukin-23 receptor concentrations with increased pancreatic cancer risk (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.20-1.69, q-value=0.055, PPH4=73.9%), prothrombin concentrations with decreased basal cell carcinoma risk (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.53-0.81, q-value=0.067, PPH4=81.8%), macrophage migration inhibitory factor concentrations with increased bladder cancer risk (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.05-1.23, q-value=0.072, PPH4=76.1%), and interleukin-1 receptor-like 1 concentrations with decreased triple-negative breast cancer risk (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88-0.97, q-value=0.15), PPH4=85.6%). For 22 of 30 cancer outcomes examined, there was little evidence (q-value ≥ 0.20) that any of the 66 circulating inflammatory markers examined were associated with cancer risk. Conclusion Our comprehensive joint Mendelian randomization and colocalisation analysis of the role of circulating inflammatory markers in cancer risk identified potential roles for 5 circulating inflammatory markers in risk of 5 site-specific cancers. Contrary to reports from some prior conventional epidemiological studies, we found little evidence of association of circulating inflammatory markers with the majority of site-specific cancers evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Yarmolinsky
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jamie W Robinson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Daniela Mariosa
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Ville Karhunen
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Mathematical Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary’s Campus, London
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Niki Dimou
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Neil Murphy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Kimberley Burrows
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Emmanouil Bouras
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Karl Smith-Byrne
- The Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J Lewis
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Sita Vermeulen
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Martin
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, UK
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Emily White
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna H Wu
- University of Southern California, Preventative Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA 22
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- Colorectal Oncogenomic Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Genetic Medicine and Family Clinic, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Sizheng Steven Zhao
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Faculty of Biological Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Dipender Gill
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary’s Campus, London
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Institute of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center and Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, OYS, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary’s Campus, London
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Kostas K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary’s Campus, London
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Straß S, Geiger J, Martorelli M, Geiger S, Cloos N, Keppler M, Fischer T, Riexinger L, Schwamborn A, Guezguez J, Späth N, Cruces S, Guse JH, Sandri TL, Burnet M, Laufer S. Isostearic acid is an active component of imiquimod formulations used to induce psoriaform disease models. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:799-812. [PMID: 36943539 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Topical imiquimod based creams are indicated as immune stimulants for papillomas and various skin neoplasms. Imiquimod is considered a TLR7 ligand. These creams are also used in research to induce skin inflammation in mice as a model for psoriasis. We observed that this inflammatory response was not strictly imiquimod dependent and we set out to establish which components drive the proinflammatory effects. To this end, we examined the induction response in a BALB/cJRj mouse model, in which 50 mg of cream is applied to 2 cm2 of skin (125 mg/kg imiquimod-5% W/V, and/or 625 mg/kg isostearic acid-25% W/V). Comparing cream formulations containing isostearic acid, imiquimod and the combination, we observed that isostearic acid causes skin inflammation within 2 days, whereas imiquimod requires up to 5 days for initial signs. Isostearic acid activated an inflammasome response, stimulated release of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulated the IL-23/17 axis. Animals treated with isostearic acid had enlarged livers (+ 40% weight), which was not observed with imiquimod alone. Imiquimod was readily metabolized and cleared from plasma and liver, but was maintained at high levels in the skin throughout the body (200 mM at area of application; 200 µM in untreated skin). Imiquimod application was associated with splenomegaly, cytokine induction/release and initial body weight loss over 3 days. Despite high imiquimod skin levels throughout the animal, inflammation was only apparent in the treated areas and was less severe than in isostearic acid groups. As the concentrations in these areas are well above the 10 µM required for TLR7 responses in vitro, there is an implication that skin inflammation following imiquimod is due to effects other than TLR7 agonism (e.g., adenosine receptor agonism). In brain, isostearic caused no major changes in cytokine expression while imiquimod alone sightly stimulated expression of IL-1β and CCL9. However, the combination of both caused brain induction of CCL3, -9, CXCL10, -13, IL-1β and TNFα. The implication of these data is that isostearic acid facilitates the entry of imiquimod or peripherally secreted cytokines into the brain. Our data suggest that psoriaform skin responses in mice are more driven by isostearic acid, than generally reported and that the dose and route used in the model, leads to profound systemic effects, which may complicate the interpretation of drug effects in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Straß
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Synovo GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Mariella Martorelli
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Synovo GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thaisa Lucas Sandri
- Synovo GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Laufer
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Potestio L, Piscitelli I, Fabbrocini G, Martora F, Ruggiero A, Megna M. Efficacy and Safety of Tildrakizumab in a Patient with Chronic HBV Infection. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:369-373. [PMID: 36776245 PMCID: PMC9911898 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s403294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of biologic drugs revolutionized the management of moderate-to-severe forms of psoriasis. However, safety concerns still remain, particularly on patient affected by opportunistic infections. In this scenario, the safety of biologic drugs in patient with HBV infection is debated. Globally, screening for hepatitis before starting biological treatment is mandatory as well as a referral to an infectivologist and eventual prophylactic management should be evaluated case by case, also considering risk factors. On the one hand, the use of anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor seems to increase the risk of HBV reactivation, conversely, the use of recently approved classes of biologics [anti-interleukin (IL) 17 and anti-IL23] seems to have a lower risk of HBV reactivation. However, the evidence on the safety of anti-IL23 drugs in patients affected by HBV is scant, particularly for patients undergoing treatment with tildrakizumab. Herein, we report the first case of a female patient affected by moderate-to-severe psoriasis and with chronic HBV infection undergoing prophylaxis, successfully treated with tildrakizumab without reporting hepatitis reactivation. Even if limited, our case seems to confirm available evidence about the safety of anti-IL23, particularly tildrakizumab, on patients with chronic HBV infection undergoing prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Potestio
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Piscitelli
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Martora
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angelo Ruggiero
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy,Correspondence: Angelo Ruggiero, Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, Naples, 80131, Italy, Tel +39 - 81 -7462457, Fax +39 - 81 – 7462442, Email
| | - Matteo Megna
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Microneedles as a momentous platform for psoriasis therapy and diagnosis: A state-of-the-art review. Int J Pharm 2023; 632:122591. [PMID: 36626973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune, and non-communicable skin disease with a worldwide prevalence rate of 2-3%, creating an economic burden on global health. Some significant risk factors associated with psoriasis include genetic predisposition, pathogens, stress, medications, etc. In addition, most patients with psoriasis should also deal with comorbidities such as psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and psychological conditions, including suicidal thoughts. Based on its severity, the treatment approach for psoriasis is categorised into three types, i.e., topical therapy, systemic therapy, and phototherapy. Topical therapy for mild-to-moderate psoriasis faces several issues, such as poor skin permeability, low skin retention of drug formulation, greasy texture of topical vehicle, lack of controlled release, and so on. On the other arrow, systemic therapy via an oral or parenteral route of drug administration involves numerous drawbacks, including first-pass hepatic metabolism, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal disturbances, needle pain and phobia, and requirement of healthcare professional to administer the drug. To overcome these limitations, researchers devised a microneedle-based drug delivery system for treating mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe psoriasis. A single microneedle system can deliver the anti-psoriatic drugs either locally (topical) or systemically (transdermal) by adjusting the needle height without involving any pain. In this contemplate, the current review provides concise information on the pathophysiology, risk factors, and comorbidities of psoriasis, followed by their current treatment approaches and limitations. Further, it meticulously discusses the potential of microneedles in psoriasis therapy and diagnosis, along with descriptions of their patents and clinical trials.
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Tomar Y, Gorantla S, Singhvi G. Insight into the pivotal role of signaling pathways in psoriasis pathogenesis, potential therapeutic molecules and drug delivery approaches. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103465. [PMID: 36481585 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a multifactorial chronic autoimmune skin disorder, the exact cause of which is still under investigation. It is classified into different types displaying various histopathological features such as hyperproliferation, irregular parakeratosis and vascular infiltration of various immune cells with neutrophils in the epidermis. Over the past few decades, psoriasis pathogenesis has been thoroughly researched, leading to several advances in the treatment using small molecules and biologics. This review focuses on describing the role of various signaling pathways, including PDE-4, JAK-STAT, S1P, A3AR and NF-κB, in psoriasis pathogenesis and associated new molecules that are either recently approved or under clinical trials. This study has also addressed the relevance of employing nanotherapeutics to boost the efficacy of psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashika Tomar
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) - Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Srividya Gorantla
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) - Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) - Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India.
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LARP7 alleviates psoriasis symptoms in mice by regulating the SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:140-145. [PMID: 36617833 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i1.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To unravel the role of La ribonucleoprotein 7 (LARP7), a transcriptional regulator, in the progression of psoriasis and the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The psoriasis-like mice model was created by daily administering of imiquimod on shaved skin. The histological analysis and skin damage were evaluated in each group. The inflammation and oxidative stress response were assessed by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic and immunoblot assays. The involvement of silent information regulator 1 (member of the Sirtuin family; SIRT1/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in LARP7-mediated psoriasis progression was also detected by immunoblot assay. RESULTS LARP7 relieved psoriasis symptoms in the mice model. LARP7 inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines as well as chemokines in psoriasis-like skin tissues. Additionally, LARP7 suppressed oxidative stress in the psoriasis-like skin tissues of mice. LARP7 inhibited the activation of the SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway, and therefore affected the progression of psoriasis. CONCLUSION LARP7 relieved psoriasis symptoms in mice by regulating the SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Tripathi D, Srivastava M, Rathour K, Rai AK, Wal P, Sahoo J, Tiwari RK, Pandey P. A Promising Approach of Dermal Targeting of Antipsoriatic Drugs via Engineered Nanocarriers Drug Delivery Systems for Tackling Psoriasis. DRUG METABOLISM AND BIOANALYSIS LETTERS 2023; 16:89-104. [PMID: 37534794 DOI: 10.2174/2949681016666230803150329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a complex autoimmune skin condition with a significant genetic component. It causes skin inflammation and is characterized by flaky, silvery reddish spots that can worsen with age. This condition results from an impaired immunological response of T-cells and affects 2-5% of the global population. The severity of the illness determines the choice of treatment. Topical treatments are commonly used to treat psoriasis, but they can have several adverse effects. Biological therapy is another option for treating specific types of psoriasis. Recently, new nanoformulations have revolutionized psoriasis treatment. Various nanocarriers, such as liposomes, nanostructured lipid nanoparticles, niosomes, and nanoemulsions, have been developed and improved for drug delivery. The use of nanocarriers enhances patient compliance, precise drug delivery, and drug safety. This review aims to suggest new nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems for treating psoriasis. It discusses the importance of nanocarriers and compares them to traditional treatments. Anti-psoriatic drugs have also been investigated for cutaneous delivery using nanocarriers. The review also covers various factors that influence dermal targeting. By highlighting several relevant aspects of psoriasis treatment, the review emphasizes the current potential of nanotechnology. Using nanocarriers as a drug delivery technique may be a promising alternative treatment for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devika Tripathi
- Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Kanpur, India
| | - Mansi Srivastava
- Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Kanpur, India
| | - Krislay Rathour
- Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Kanpur, India
| | - Awani Kumar Rai
- Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Kanpur, India
| | - Pranay Wal
- Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Kanpur, India
| | - Jagannath Sahoo
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ritesh Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacy, Shri Ram Murti Smarak College of Engineering and Technology, Bareilly, India
| | - Prashant Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
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Ruggiero A, Camela E, Potestio L, Fabbrocini G, Megna M. Drug safety evaluation of tildrakizumab for psoriasis: a review of the current knowledge. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2022; 21:1445-1451. [PMID: 36527300 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2022.2160447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that may have an important negative impact on a patient's quality of life. Biological agents deeply changed the management of its moderate-to-severe forms. Interleukin-23 inhibitors represent the latest biologics class approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. In particular, tildrakizumab, the latest available anti-interleukin-23 on the Italian market, is a humanized monoclonal antibody specifically targeting the p19 subunit of IL-23. AREAS COVERED The objective of this review is to evaluate the safety profile of tildrakizumab in moderate-to-severe psoriasis patients. A literature review included articles until July 2022. EXPERT OPINION Our analysis showed tildrakizumab as a generally safe option for the treatment of psoriasis, with most of the reported adverse events being classified as mild or moderate, and rarely requiring treatment discontinuation. Furthermore, in line with other interleukin-23 inhibitor, no concerns have been raised for tildrakizumab in regard to inflammatory bowel diseases, which represent a significant comorbidity to investigate before starting other biologics (IL-17 inhibitors). However, more real-life long-term data are needed to confirm trial results to further confirm tildrakizumab as a generally safe treatment option for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Ruggiero
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Elisa Camela
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luca Potestio
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Matteo Megna
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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Drakos A, Vender R. A Review of the Clinical Trial Landscape in Psoriasis: An Update for Clinicians. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2022; 12:2715-2730. [PMID: 36319883 PMCID: PMC9674811 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-022-00840-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
As our understanding of the pathogenesis of psoriasis has evolved over the past two decades, so has the number of treatment options. The introduction of biologic agents targeting specific cytokines in the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 pathway has proven successful in promoting skin clearance among patients. However, their use is often limited owing to cost, parenteral administration, and possible reduced efficacy over time. Topical therapies have also seen limited advancement, with agents such as corticosteroids and vitamin D derivatives remaining the mainstay of treatment, despite side effects limiting their long-term use. New therapeutic agents are needed to improve disease management for patients. In this review, we summarize pipeline and recently approved therapies undergoing clinical trials for psoriasis during a 12-month search period (30 June 2021 to 30 June 2022) using ClinicalTrials.gov. New-generation biologics and oral small molecules in phase II or III development were included, and pivotal data identified through various search modalities (PubMed, conference presentations, etc.) evaluating each drug candidate will be discussed. Topical therapies will also be discussed in line with recent US Food and Drug Administration approvals. As new therapies continue to enter the treatment landscape, long-term data and comparative trials will be needed to better understand their place among existing therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronald Vender
- Dermatrials Research Inc., Venderm Innovations in Psoriasis, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Becher G, Conner S, Ingram JA, Stephen KE, McInnes AC, Heald AH, Riley PA, Davies M, Domenech A, Kasujee I. A Retrospective Real-World Study of the Effectiveness and Tolerability of Tildrakizumab in UK Adults with Moderate-to-Severe Chronic Plaque Psoriasis. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2022; 12:2343-2354. [PMID: 36076145 PMCID: PMC9458480 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-022-00800-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction As with most medicines historically, clinicians prescribing tildrakizumab have relied on information derived from registration studies undertaken in a prospective controlled clinical trial setting. More recently, clinicians, policymakers, and commissioners increasingly rely on real-world data to inform both policy and practice. Methods A retrospective real-world data study was undertaken at four specialist dermatology departments in the United Kingdom. All adult patients treated with tildrakizumab for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis were included, with data being collected for 122 patients. Results Psoriatic patients on tildrakizumab tended to be overweight (median body mass index of 32 (range 19–59) (n = 61); 26/68 (38%) < 90 kg, 32/68 (47%) between 90 and 120 kg, and 10/68 (15%) > 120 kg). The study population had high levels of comorbidities (83/116, 72%), multiple special sites (39/117, 33%), and histories of biological treatments (81/100, 81%). Most patients (61/80, 76%) initiated on tildrakizumab were switched from another biological treatment. Tildrakizumab was effective, with 91/122 (75%) patients remaining on treatment for the duration of the study—a median of 12 months per patient (range 1–29 months)—and achieving a change in median Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) from 12 to 0.35 and in Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) from 20 to 0. The response rate was 57/66 (86%) when tildrakizumab was used as the first- or second-line biologic compared to 19/31 (61%) when used as the third- to seventh-line. Thirty-three (78.6%) patients over 90 kg of weight received the 200-mg dose of tildrakizumab. All but one (n = 8) patient with body weight over 120 kg maintained response over time. There was one treatment discontinuation; a patient who had a local sensitivity reaction. Conclusions In UK clinical practice, tildrakizumab was well tolerated and effective at doses of 100 mg or 200 mg in a range of patient phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Becher
- West Glasgow Ambulatory Care Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Sophia Conner
- West Glasgow Ambulatory Care Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Jennifer A Ingram
- Department of Dermatology, The Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Harlow, England, UK
| | - Karen E Stephen
- Department of Dermatology, NHS Tayside, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Alison C McInnes
- Dermatology Unit, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, England, UK
| | - Adrian H Heald
- School of Medical Sciences, Manchester University, Manchester, England, UK
| | - Paul A Riley
- Res Consortium, Fosse House, East Anton Court, Icknield Way, Andover, SP10 5RG, England, UK
| | - Mark Davies
- Res Consortium, Fosse House, East Anton Court, Icknield Way, Andover, SP10 5RG, England, UK
| | - Arnau Domenech
- Almirall SA, Ronda General Mitre, 151, 08022, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ismail Kasujee
- Almirall SA, Ronda General Mitre, 151, 08022, Barcelona, Spain.
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Ruggiero A, Picone V, Martora F, Fabbrocini G, Megna M. Guselkumab, Risankizumab, and Tildrakizumab in the Management of Psoriasis: A Review of the Real-World Evidence. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:1649-1658. [PMID: 35996400 PMCID: PMC9392468 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s364640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-23 inhibitors, guselkumab, risankizumab, and tildrakizumab, represent the latest class of biologics approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Since their approval numerous real-life studies were published on anti-IL-23 use in routine clinical practice. Indeed, real-life data are important to improve the dermatological decision-making process, including patients who are typically excluded from clinical trials, such as subjects suffering from several comorbidities, subjects on polypharmacy, as well as multifailure patients. Herein, we performed a comprehensive literature review about real-life data available on guselkumab, risankizumab, and tildrakizumab. Real-life data of anti-IL-23 seem to confirm the promising results of IL-23 shown by clinical trials, highlighting the efficacy and safety profiles of this new class of biologics also in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Ruggiero
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Picone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Martora
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Megna
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Chen Y, Tso K, Heckrodt TJ, Li H, Yen R, Lin N, Singh R, Taylor V, Masuda ES, Park G, Payan DG. Bicyclic pyrimidine compounds as potent IRAK4 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 73:128900. [PMID: 35863718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) plays a critical role in transduction of IL-1R/TLR signaling which is responsible for innate immune response. From HTS campaign, bicyclic-pyrimidine compounds have been identified as potent IRAK4 inhibitors, exhibiting good potency in both IRAK4 biochemical and LPS induced IL-23 inhibition cell-based assays. The SAR efforts were focused on further improving on-target potency, reducing PAD activities of HTS hit molecule and improving in vivo PK profiles of early lead compounds. When different aromatic rings were fused to the pyrimidine core, and with various substituents at 2- or 4-position of the pyrimidine, the impact on potency and PK properties were observed and are discussed. Selected compounds were further evaluated in IL-1β induced IL-6 inhibition acute animal model and rodent arthritis disease model, of which compounds 33 and 39 showed good efficacy in both studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc, 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States.
| | - Kin Tso
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc, 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Thilo J Heckrodt
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc, 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Hui Li
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc, 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Rose Yen
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc, 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Nan Lin
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc, 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Rajinder Singh
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc, 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Vanessa Taylor
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc, 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Esteban S Masuda
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc, 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Gary Park
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc, 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
| | - Donald G Payan
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc, 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States
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Park YJ, Kim YH, Lee ES, Kim YC. Comparative Analysis of Single-Cell Transcriptome Data Reveals a Novel Role of Keratinocyte-Derived IL-23 in Psoriasis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:905239. [PMID: 35693818 PMCID: PMC9174585 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.905239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis, a common inflammatory skin disease, is critically dependent on the IL-23/IL-17 cytokine axis. Although immune cell-derived IL-23 is generally associated with the disease pathogenesis, there have been reports of IL-23 production in keratinocytes. To determine the presence and potential role of keratinocyte-derived IL-23 in psoriasis, we investigated its expression levels using publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing data from human samples. We discovered that the expression of IL23A was detectable in keratinocytes as well as dendritic cells. Furthermore, we examined the IL-23p19 expression in an imiquimod-induced mouse model of psoriasis and found a close relationship between keratinocyte-produced IL-23 and IL-36, another key cytokine in psoriasis pathogenesis. The blockade of IL-23 signaling resulted in the reduced expression of IL-36 in the keratinocytes. Our findings reveal the novel association between keratinocyte-derived IL-23 and IL-36 in psoriasis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Joon Park
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yul Hee Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Eun-So Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - You Chan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
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Naik PP. Adverse Effects of Anti-Interleukin-23 Agents Employed in Patients with Psoriasis: A Systematic Review. Dermatology 2022; 238:886-896. [PMID: 35697004 DOI: 10.1159/000524199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is an immune-mediated protracted ailment that perturbs about 100 million people globally. Anti-interleukin (IL)-23 agents have a distinctive status of safety and clinical efficacy. Anti-IL-23 operatives have demonstrated therapeutic prominences in cases of psoriasis in preceding global research. However, arrays of adverse events have been associated with the anti-IL-23 agents in the remedies of psoriasis. This systematic review aimed to assess the adverse developments of anti-IL-23 operatives for patients with psoriasis determined in phase III trials. METHODOLOGY The PRISMA guidelines were wielded for this systematic review. The author systematically searched Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases to diagnosticate appropriate articles on adverse effects of anti-IL-23 agents in patients with psoriasis including the appropriate key terms (Medical Subject Headings). RESULTS A total of 18 studies were encompassed in this cutting-edge systematic review that met the selection criteria. In this review, the most prevailing adverse effect caused by anti-IL-23 agents was nasopharyngitis followed by headache, upper respiratory tract infection, and back pain, which are observed during the treatment with anti-IL-23 agents. The anti-IL-23 operatives, including ustekinumab and guselkumab, were significantly involved in the grade 3 stage of adverse effects for the treatment of psoriasis, whereas the anti-IL-23 agents including briakinumab, tildrakizumab, and risankizumab were significantly involved in the grade 4 stage of adverse effects. CONCLUSION Targeted IL-23 therapy has expeditiously upsurged to the forefront as the importance of the IL-23 axis has been progressively identified, setting a new benchmark for psoriasis outcomes. Over the last 3 years, ustekinumab, guselkumab, tildrakizumab, and risankizumab have successively come to the market. However, these drugs caused several immunological and nonimmunological side effects, but they are customarily well-tolerated and have orderly safety vignettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyu Parth Naik
- Department of Dermatology, Saudi German Hospital, and Clinic, Opposite Burj Al Arab, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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66
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Costache DO, Feroiu O, Ghilencea A, Georgescu M, Căruntu A, Căruntu C, Țiplica SG, Jinga M, Costache RS. Skin Inflammation Modulation via TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-12 Family Inhibitors Therapy and Cancer Control in Patients with Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5198. [PMID: 35563587 PMCID: PMC9100023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The systemic inflammatory syndrome concept is one of the foundations that stand at the basis of revolutionary modern and future therapies, based on the in-depth understanding of the delicate mechanisms that govern the collaboration between the systems and organs of the human body and, at the same time, the fine balance that ensures a reproach-free operation. An interesting concept that we propose is that of the environment-inadequacy status, a concept that non-specifically incorporates all the situations of the organism's response disorders in the face of imprecisely defined situations of the environment. The correlation between these two concepts will define the future of modern medicine, along with the gene-adjustment mechanisms. Psoriasis is a clear example of an inadequate body response as a result of exposure to as of yet undefined triggers with an excessive systemic inflammatory reaction and hitherto insufficiently controllable. Modern biological therapies, such as TNF-α, IL-12 family, and IL-17 inhibitors, are intended to profoundly reshape the cytokine configuration of patients with inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, with tremendous success in disease control. Yet, because of the important roles of cytokines in cancer promotion and control, concern was raised about the fact that the use of biologicals may alter immune surveillance and promote cancer progression. Both theoretical and practical data nevertheless showed that the treatment-induced control of cytokines may be beneficial for reducing the inflammatory milieu that promotes cancer and such have a beneficial role in maintaining health. We briefly present the intricate roles of those cytokine families on cancer control, with some debates on if their inhibition might or might not promote additional tumoral development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Octavian Costache
- 2nd Dermatology Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.O.C.); (S.G.Ț.)
- Research Department, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Feroiu
- Dermatology Department, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania; (O.F.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Adelina Ghilencea
- Dermatology Department, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania; (O.F.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Mihaela Georgescu
- Dermatology Department, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania; (O.F.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Ana Căruntu
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania;
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Carol Davila University Central Emergency Military Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Căruntu
- Physiology Discipline, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Sorin George Țiplica
- 2nd Dermatology Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.O.C.); (S.G.Ț.)
| | - Mariana Jinga
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Raluca Simona Costache
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
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Chen Y, Singh R, Lin N, Taylor V, Masuda ES, Payan DG. Discovery of 5-Aryl-2,4-diaminopyrimidine Compounds as Potent and Selective IRAK4 Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:714-719. [PMID: 35450353 PMCID: PMC9014513 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IRAK4 kinase plays a key role in TLR/IL-1R signaling pathways that regulate innate immune responses, and if uncontrolled, it is responsible for various inflammatory disorders. By high-throughput screening (HTS) and hit-to-lead optimization, compounds with a 5-aryl-2,4-diaminopyrimidine core structure have been identified as potent IRAK4 inhibitors. A cocrystal structure of IRAK4 protein with an early lead molecule helped with understanding the structure-activity relationship and the design of the new compounds. Initial HTS hits from this series of compounds were also found to inhibit TAK1 kinase, which would cause liver toxicity and potentially bone marrow failure. Optimization of this series resulted in improved selectivity over TAK1 kinase. The TAK1 selectivity was found to be closely associated with different sizes and types of substituents at the 5-position of the pyrimidine. The impact of other pyrimidine substituents on the potency and selectivity was also explored. A few representative compounds were evaluated in IL-1β-induced IL-6 inhibition animal model studies and showed modest efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc., 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Rajinder Singh
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc., 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Nan Lin
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc., 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Vanessa Taylor
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc., 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Esteban S. Masuda
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc., 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Donald G. Payan
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc., 1180 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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Barber C, Song EJ. Successful Treatment of Psoriasis with Risankizumab in a Patient with Telangiectasia Macularis Eruptiva Perstans. JAAD Case Rep 2022; 24:71-73. [PMID: 35647249 PMCID: PMC9136246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Abstract
Diagnosis and management of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) has vastly improved over the past two decades. With advances in the discernment of immunopathogenesis of this disease, new therapies have become available, which are associated with substantial improvement in symptoms, signs and quality of life. The four broad categories of approved treatment options are physical therapy and exercise (which have been known to be beneficial for millennia), NSAIDs (since the 1950s), TNF inhibitors (first FDA approval in 2003) and IL-17 inhibitors (first FDA approval in 2016). In addition, there have been a host of new developments in the axSpA field, including new treatment guidelines, the FDA approval of three biologic DMARDs to treat non-radiographic axSpA, the FDA and EMA approval of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors for ankylosing spondylitis, new data on the effect of biologic DMARDs on structural progression in ankylosing spondylitis, strategy trials on tapering or stopping TNF inhibitors in patients in remission, trials of treat-to-target strategy in axSpA, and several new molecules in phase III studies. This Review explores the developments in the management of axSpA.
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Rakowsky S, Papamichael K, Cheifetz AS. Choosing the right biologic for complications of inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 16:235-249. [PMID: 35094628 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2022.2036122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, inflammatory condition that involves the intestinal tract, and can also present with extra-intestinal manifestations (EIM). Choosing the right treatment for IBD is often nuanced and decisions can become even more complicated when a patient presents with or develops a complication of the disease. AREAS COVERED We aimed to provide an overview of the most common complications of IBD, specifically intestinal and EIM, and summarize the data regarding biologic therapy for treatment of these conditions. A comprehensive literature review was performed using PubMed and Medline databases to identify studies published in the English language relevant to the broad scope of this review. EXPERT OPINION There are still significant gaps in our understanding of the pathophysiology of IBD and its treatment, especially in regards to complications of the disease. As novel therapies continue to emerge for treatment of IBD, we feel concurrent examination of their impact on intestinal complications and EIM of IBD is important and should be a priority of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana Rakowsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA USA
| | - Konstantinos Papamichael
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA USA
| | - Adam S Cheifetz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA USA
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71
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Gialouri CG, Evangelatos G, Fragoulis GE. Choosing the Appropriate Target for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis: TNFα, IL-17, IL-23 or JAK Inhibitors? Mediterr J Rheumatol 2022; 33:150-161. [PMID: 36127928 PMCID: PMC9450184 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.33.1.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a highly heterogenous disease. Apart from arthritis and psoriasis, other manifestations can also occur, including enthesitis, dactylitis, axial-, nail-, eye- and bowel- involvement. Comorbidities are also frequent in the setting of PsA, with cardiovascular disease and mental-health disorders being the most frequent. The Rheumatologist's arsenal has many different treatment options for treating PsA. Despite their effectiveness, there are some differences in terms of efficacy and safety that might affect clinician's decision for one or the other drug. Comparing biologic DMARDs and JAK-inhibitors, one could say that they have similar effectiveness in terms of musculoskeletal manifestations. However, anti-IL-17 and anti-IL-23 drugs seem to be more effective for skin manifestations. In contrast, JAK-inhibitors and etanercept might be less effective for these manifestations. Inflammatory bowel disease and uveitis are non-responsive to etanercept and anti-IL-17 drugs. As regards to comorbidities, data are scarce, but future studies will shed light on possible differential effect of bDMARDs or JAK-inhibitors. Safety is always an important drive for choosing the appropriate treatment. Infections are the most common adverse event of these drugs. Etanercept and anti-IL-17 drugs are safer for patients having latent tuberculosis, while herpes zoster is more common in individuals receiving JAK-inhibitors. Finally, venous thromboembolism risk, should be taken into account when JAK-inhibitors are used. In this review, we comparatively present, as outlined above, the various aspects that could affect the choice of the appropriate bDMARD or JAK-inhibitor for the treatment of a PsA patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula G. Gialouri
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens,“Laiko” General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Evangelatos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens,“Laiko” General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George E. Fragoulis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens,“Laiko” General Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Corresponding Author: George E. Fragoulis, MD, PhD Rheumatology Unit, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Laiko General Hospital, Mikras Asias 75 Str, 11527 Athens, Greece, Tel.: +30 210 746 2636, E-mail:
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Armstrong AW, Blauvelt A, Mrowietz U, Strober B, Gisondi P, Merola JF, Langley RG, Ståhle M, Lebwohl M, Netea MG, Nunez Gomez N, Warren RB. A Practical Guide to the Management of Oral Candidiasis in Patients with Plaque Psoriasis Receiving Treatments That Target Interleukin-17. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2022; 12:787-800. [PMID: 35167107 PMCID: PMC8941045 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-022-00687-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plaque psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease associated with the dysregulation of cytokines, especially those involved in the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 pathways. In recent years, there has been growing interest in developing biologic therapies that target these pathways. However, inhibition of the cytokines of the IL-23/IL-17 pathways may increase patients' risk of developing fungal infections, particularly oral candidiasis. Therefore, it is important that dermatology practitioners can effectively diagnose and treat oral candidiasis. In this review, we examine the role of the IL-23/IL-17 pathways in antifungal host defense, and provide a practical guide to the diagnosis and treatment of oral candidiasis in patients with psoriasis. Overall, while treatment with anti-IL-17 medications leads to an increased incidence of oral candidiasis in patients with psoriasis, these cases are typically mild or moderate in severity and can be managed with standard antifungal therapy without discontinuing treatment for psoriasis. If applicable, patients with psoriasis should also be advised to practice good oral hygiene and manage or control co-existing diabetes, and should be provided with information on smoking cessation to prevent oral candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- April W Armstrong
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | | | - Ulrich Mrowietz
- Psoriasis-Center at the Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Bruce Strober
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Central Connecticut Dermatology Research, Cromwell, CT, USA
| | | | - Joseph F Merola
- Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard G Langley
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Mona Ståhle
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Mark Lebwohl
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Richard B Warren
- Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Thakur V, Mahajan R. Novel Therapeutic Target(s) for Psoriatic Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:712313. [PMID: 35265634 PMCID: PMC8898896 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.712313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, together known as psoriatic disease, is highly prevalent chronic relapsing inflammatory disease affecting skin, joints or both and is associated with several comorbidities such as cardiovascular, metabolic, psychiatric, renal disease etc. The etiopathogenesis of psoriasis is complex and mainly driven by aberrant immune response owing to the genetic susceptibility and various environmental factors such as trauma, infections and drugs. Recent advances in understanding molecular and cellular pathways have identified tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-17 (IL-17), IL-23, IL-22 as major contributors in psoriasis pathogenesis. Advances in the knowledge of pathophysiology, the interaction of autoinflammation and clinical phenotypes have led to the development of highly effective targeted therapeutic agents which include TNF-α, IL-17, IL-23, IL-1 α/β or IL-36 inhibitors or receptor blockers, small molecule drugs like phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors (apremilast), Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) inhibitors. These novel drugs have promised the potential of improved disease control. In recent years, the transition from biologics to biosimilars especially with TNF-α inhibitors had significant impact on decreasing health care cost and increasing therapeutic options to the patients. However, selection of right treatment for an individual patient still remains challenging. Moreover, interplay between different epigenetic mechanisms such as the DNA methylation, chromatin modifications and noncoding RNA regulation has recently been started to be deciphered. Enzymes inhibitors involved in epigenetic pathways such as DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases demonstrated to restore normal epigenetic patterns in clinical settings and have provided the potential as novel therapeutic targets for psoriasis. In this review, we will discuss novel biologic agents and newer therapeutic approaches in treatment of psoriatic disease.
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74
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Phuna ZX, Madhavan P. A CLOSER LOOK AT THE MYCOBIOME IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: FUNGAL SPECIES, PATHOGENESIS AND TRANSMISSION. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 55:1291-1321. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xin Phuna
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University Malaysia Subang Jaya Selangor
| | - Priya Madhavan
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University Malaysia Subang Jaya Selangor
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75
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Kocatürk B, Balık Z, Pişiren G, Kalyoncu U, Özmen F, Özen S. Spondyloarthritides: Theories and beyond. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1074239. [PMID: 36619518 PMCID: PMC9816396 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1074239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritides (SpA) are a family of interrelated rheumatic disorders with a typical disease onset ranging from childhood to middle age. If left untreated, they lead to a severe decrease in patients' quality of life. A succesfull treatment strategy starts with an accurate diagnosis which is achieved through careful analysis of medical symptoms. Classification criterias are used to this process and are updated on a regular basis. Although there is a lack of definite knowledge on the disease etiology of SpA, several studies have paved the way for understanding plausible risk factors and developing treatment strategies. The significant increase of HLA-B27 positivity in SpA patients makes it a strong candidate as a predisposing factor and several theories have been proposed to explain HLA-B27 driven disease progression. However, the presence of HLA-B27 negative patients underlines the presence of additional risk factors. The current treatment options for SpAs are Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), TNF inhibitors (TNFis), Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) and physiotherapy yet there are ongoing clinical trials. Anti IL17 drugs and targeted synthetic DMARDs such as JAK inhibitors are also emerging as treatment alternatives. This review discusses the current diagnosis criteria, treatment options and gives an overview of the previous findings and theories to clarify the possible contributors to SpA pathogenesis with a focus on Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) and enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Begüm Kocatürk
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Balık
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gaye Pişiren
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Umut Kalyoncu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Füsun Özmen
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seza Özen
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Findeisen KE, Östör AJK. The Role of Interleukin-23 Inhibition in the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022. [DOI: 10.17925/rmd.2022.1.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with varied manifestations, including functional limitation and reduced quality of life. Improved understanding of the immunopathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis, particularly the role of the interleukin-23 and interleukin-17 axis, has led to the development of therapeutic targets to alter the natural history of the condition. In this article, we review the role of monoclonal antibodies targeting the p19 subunit of interleukin-23 in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis.
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Arbune M, Arbune AA, Niculet E, Anghel L, Fotea S, Tatu A. Therapeutic challenges of psoriasis in the HIV‑infected patient: A case report. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:175. [PMID: 35069856 PMCID: PMC8764576 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.11098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis can be paradoxically associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, having a prevalence similar to the general population but with a more severe evolution. In the genetically predisposed patients with the CW*0602 haplotype, HIV infection can be a triggering factor and a first sign of infection, and lesions can spontaneously remit with immune reconstruction after antiretroviral therapy. Our patient is a 34 year-old male with recent HIV infection, in spite of being for over 10 years the partner of an HIV-positive patient with whom the patient has two HIV-positive children. The patient was diagnosed with psoriasis 7 years ago and was treated topically. The physical examination at HIV diagnosis was overall favorable, with skin findings compatible with disseminated vulgar psoriasis. Following antiretroviral treatment with Triumeq the patient had a favorable viral response, with complete viral suppression after 12 weeks, but the pre-existent psoriasis lesions worsened. Methotrexate (MTX) treatment followed for 12 weeks, with partial improvement of psoriatic dermatitis. This medication was continued for 1 year, but the lesions reappeared, possibly due to treatment resistance. MTX treatment for psoriasis in the HIV-infected patient was beneficial, but limited to one year, leaving biologics as possible treatment following therapy under strict monitoring for adverse effects, T-lymphocyte CD4+ and viral levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Arbune
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunărea de Jos’ University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Anca-Adriana Arbune
- Department of Neurology, ‘Fundeni’ Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Niculet
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunărea de Jos’ University, 800010 Galați, Romania
| | - Lucretia Anghel
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunărea de Jos’ University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Silvia Fotea
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunărea de Jos’ University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Alin Tatu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, ‘Dunărea de Jos’ University, 800010 Galati, Romania
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Kristensen LE, Keiserman M, Papp K, McCasland L, White D, Lu W, Wang Z, Soliman AM, Eldred A, Barcomb L, Behrens F. Efficacy and safety of risankizumab for active psoriatic arthritis: 24-week results from the randomised, double-blind, phase 3 KEEPsAKE 1 trial. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 81:225-231. [PMID: 34911706 PMCID: PMC8762015 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate risankizumab, a biological therapy that inhibits interleukin 23, in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA) who have responded inadequately or are intolerant to ≥1 conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (csDMARD). Methods In the randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind KEEPsAKE 1 trial, 964 patients with active PsA were randomised (1:1) to receive risankizumab 150 mg or placebo at weeks 0, 4 and 16. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving ≥20% improvement in American College of Rheumatology criteria (ACR20) at week 24. Here, we report the results from the 24-week double-blind period; the open-label period with all patients receiving risankizumab is ongoing. Results At week 24, a significantly greater proportion of patients receiving risankizumab achieved the primary endpoint of ACR20 (57.3% vs placebo, 33.5%; p<0.001). Significant differences were also observed for risankizumab versus placebo for the first eight ranked secondary endpoints, including skin and nail psoriasis endpoints, minimal disease activity and resolution of enthesitis and dactylitis (p<0.001). Adverse events and serious adverse events were reported at similar rates in the risankizumab and placebo groups. Serious infections were reported for 1.0% and 1.2% of patients receiving risankizumab and placebo, respectively. There was one death in the risankizumab group (urosepsis deemed unrelated to the study drug). Conclusions Risankizumab treatment results in significantly greater improvement of signs and symptoms of PsA compared with placebo and is well tolerated in patients with active PsA who have responded inadequately or are intolerant to ≥1 csDMARD. Trial registration number NCT03675308.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Erik Kristensen
- The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mauro Keiserman
- Rheumatology Section, Pontifical Catholic University, School of Medicine, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Kim Papp
- Probity Medical Research-K Papp Clinical Research, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leslie McCasland
- Department of Rheumatology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA, and Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Douglas White
- Rheumatology Department, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand, and Waikato Clinical School, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wenjing Lu
- AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Ann Eldred
- AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Frank Behrens
- CIRI/Rheumatology & Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Disease (CIMD), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Singh R, Koppu S, Perche PO, Feldman SR. The Cytokine Mediated Molecular Pathophysiology of Psoriasis and Its Clinical Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12793. [PMID: 34884596 PMCID: PMC8657643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is the result of uncontrolled keratinocyte proliferation, and its pathogenesis involves the dysregulation of the immune system. The interplay among cytokines released by dendritic, Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells leads to the phenotypical manifestations seen in psoriasis. Biological therapies target the cytokine-mediated pathogenesis of psoriasis and have improved patient quality of life. This review will describe the underlying molecular pathophysiology and biologics used to treat psoriasis. A review of the literature was conducted using the PubMed and Google Scholar repositories to investigate the molecular pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and current therapeutics in psoriasis. Plaque psoriasis', the most prevalent subtype of psoriasis, pathogenesis primarily involves cytokines TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-23. Pustular psoriasis', an uncommon variant, pathogenesis involves a mutation in IL-36RN. Currently, biological therapeutics targeted at TNF-α, IL-12/IL-23, IL-17, and IL-23/IL-39 are approved for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis. More studies need to be performed to elucidate the precise molecular pathology and assess efficacy between biological therapies for psoriasis. Psoriasis is a heterogenous, chronic, systemic inflammatory disease that presents in the skin with multiple types. Recognizing and understanding the underlying molecular pathways and biological therapeutics to treat psoriasis is important in treating this common disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Singh
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (R.S.); (S.K.); (P.O.P.)
| | - Sindhuja Koppu
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (R.S.); (S.K.); (P.O.P.)
| | - Patrick O. Perche
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (R.S.); (S.K.); (P.O.P.)
| | - Steven R. Feldman
- Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (R.S.); (S.K.); (P.O.P.)
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
- Department of Social Sciences & Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
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80
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Östör A, Van den Bosch F, Papp K, Asnal C, Blanco R, Aelion J, Alperovich G, Lu W, Wang Z, Soliman AM, Eldred A, Barcomb L, Kivitz A. Efficacy and safety of risankizumab for active psoriatic arthritis: 24-week results from the randomised, double-blind, phase 3 KEEPsAKE 2 trial. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 81:351-358. [PMID: 34815219 PMCID: PMC8862056 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Risankizumab is an interleukin-23 inhibitor under study for the treatment of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The phase 3 KEEPsAKE 2 trial investigated the efficacy and safety of risankizumab versus placebo in patients with active PsA who had previous inadequate response or intolerance to ≤2 biological therapies (Bio-IR) and/or ≥1 conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (csDMARD-IR). Results through week 24 are reported here. METHODS Adults with PsA who were Bio-IR and/or csDMARD-IR were randomised to receive subcutaneously administered risankizumab 150 mg or placebo at weeks 0, 4 and 16 during a 24-week, double-blind treatment period. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients who achieved ≥20% improvement in American College of Rheumatology score (ACR20) at week 24. Secondary endpoints assessed key domains of PsA and patient-reported outcomes. RESULTS A total of 444 patients (median age 53 years, range 23-84 years) were randomised to risankizumab (n=224) or placebo (n=220); 206 patients (46.5%) were Bio-IR. At week 24, a significantly greater proportion of patients receiving risankizumab achieved the primary endpoint of ACR20 (51.3% vs 26.5%, p<0.001) and all secondary endpoints (p<0.05) compared with placebo. Serious adverse events were reported for 4.0% and 5.5% of risankizumab-treated and placebo-treated patients, respectively; serious infections were reported for 0.9% and 2.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION Treatment with risankizumab resulted in significant improvements versus placebo in key disease outcomes and was well tolerated in patients with PsA who were Bio-IR and/or csDMARD-IR. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03671148.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Östör
- Monash Medical School, Cabrini Hospital and Emertius Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Filip Van den Bosch
- Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Gent, Belgium
| | - Kim Papp
- Probity Medical Research-K Papp Clinical Research, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ricardo Blanco
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Jacob Aelion
- Arthritis Clinic and West Tennessee Research Institute, Jackson, Tennessee, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alan Kivitz
- AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Altoona Center for Clinical Research, Pennsylvania, Duncansville, USA
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81
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Gordon KB, Lebwohl M, Papp KA, Bachelez H, Wu JJ, Langley RG, Blauvelt A, Kaplan B, Shah M, Zhao Y, Sinvhal R, Reich K. Long-term safety of risankizumab from 17 clinical trials in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2021; 186:466-475. [PMID: 34652810 PMCID: PMC9298814 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Risankizumab has demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis in randomized clinical trials. Objectives To evaluate safety data from risankizumab psoriasis phase I–III clinical trials. Methods Short‐term safety (through week 16) was analysed using integrated data from five phase II and III clinical trials. Long‐term safety was evaluated using integrated data from 17 phase I–III completed and ongoing trials. Results Short‐term safety analyses included 1306 patients receiving risankizumab 150 mg and 300 patients receiving placebo [402·2 and 92·0 patient‐years (PY) of exposure, respectively]. Long‐term analyses included 3072 risankizumab‐treated patients (exposure: 7927 PY). The median (excluding four outliers) treatment duration was 2·9 years (range 2 days to 5·9 years). Exposure‐adjusted adverse event rates did not increase with long‐term treatment (318 vs. 171 events per 100 PY for short‐ and long‐term analyses). With long‐term risankizumab treatment, rates of serious adverse events were 7·8 per 100 PY, serious infections 1·2 per 100 PY, nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) 0·7 per 100 PY, malignant tumours excluding NMSC 0·5 per 100 PY, and adjudicated major adverse cardiovascular events 0·3 per 100 PY, with no important identified risks. Limitations include that the study inclusion and exclusion criteria varied and that three studies enrolled ≤ 50 patients. Conclusions Risankizumab demonstrated a favourable safety profile over short‐ and long‐term treatment in patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis. Whatis already known about this topic? In clinical trials of patients with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis, risankizumab, a selective interleukin‐23 inhibitor, was well tolerated and efficacious.
Whatdoes this study add? In this comprehensive evaluation of risankizumab safety in patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis, adverse event rates were comparable between risankizumab (n = 1306, 402 patient‐years) and placebo (n = 300, 92 patient‐years) in the short‐term (16‐week) analysis set, and were consistent with those in the long‐term analysis (n = 3072, 7927 patient‐years of risankizumab exposure). These findings are consistent with the known safety profile of risankizumab and support its long‐term use in moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis.
Linked Comment: S. Mirali et al. Br J Dermatol 2022; 186:394–395. Plain language summary available online
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Gordon
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - M Lebwohl
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - K A Papp
- K Papp Clinical Research and Probity Medical Research, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - H Bachelez
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - J J Wu
- Dermatology Research and Education Foundation, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - R G Langley
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - A Blauvelt
- Oregon Medical Research Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - B Kaplan
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Shah
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Y Zhao
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - K Reich
- Center for Translational Research in Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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82
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Novelli L, Lubrano E, Venerito V, Perrotta FM, Marando F, Curradi G, Iannone F. Extra-Articular Manifestations and Comorbidities in Psoriatic Disease: A Journey Into the Immunologic Crosstalk. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:737079. [PMID: 34631754 PMCID: PMC8495009 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.737079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting peripheral and axial joints, with the possible presence of extra-articular manifestations (EAMs), such as psoriasis, uveitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Recently, the concept of psoriatic disease (PsD) has been proposed to define a systemic condition encompassing, in addition to joints and EAMs, some comorbidities (e.g., metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes, hypertension) that can affect the disease outcome and the achievement of remission. EAMs and comorbidities in PsA share common immunopathogenic pathways linked to the systemic inflammation of this disease; these involve a broad variety of immune cells and cytokines. Currently, various therapeutics are available targeting different cytokines and molecules implicated in the inflammatory response of this condition; however, despite an improvement in the management of PsA, comprehensive disease control is often not achievable. There is, therefore, a big gap to fill especially in terms of comorbidities and EAMs management. In this review, we summarize the clinical aspects of the main comorbidities and EAMs in PsA, and we focus on the immunopathologic features they share with the articular manifestations. Moreover, we discuss the effect of a diverse immunomodulation and the current unmet needs in PsD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ennio Lubrano
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Venerito
- Rheumatology Unit-Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Massimo Perrotta
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | | | | | - Florenzo Iannone
- Rheumatology Unit-Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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83
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Kotb I. Evidence for the long-term efficacy and safety of guselkumab. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:1087-1088. [PMID: 34617585 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Kotb
- Department of Dermatology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
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84
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Abdallah F, Henriet E, Suet A, Arar A, Clemençon R, Malinge JM, Lecellier G, Baril P, Pichon C. miR-21-3p/IL-22 Axes Are Major Drivers of Psoriasis Pathogenesis by Modulating Keratinocytes Proliferation-Survival Balance and Inflammatory Response. Cells 2021; 10:2547. [PMID: 34685526 PMCID: PMC8534095 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is mediated by complex crosstalk between immune cells and keratinocytes (KCs). Emerging studies have showed a specific psoriatic microRNAs signature, in which miR-21 is one of the most upregulated and dynamic miRNAs. In this study, we focused our investigations on the passenger miR-21-3p strand, which is poorly studied in skin and in psoriasis pathogenesis. Here, we showed the upregulation of miR-21-3p in an IMQ-induced psoriasiform mouse model. This upregulation was correlated with IL-22 expression and functionality, both in vitro and in vivo, and it occurred via STAT3 and NF-κB signaling. We identified a network of differentially expressed genes involved in abnormal proliferation control and immune regulatory genes implicated in the molecular pathogenesis of psoriasis in response to miR-21-3p overexpression in KCs. These results were confirmed by functional assays that validated the proliferative potential of miR-21-3p. All these findings highlight the importance of miR-21-3p, an underestimated miRNA, in psoriasis and provide novel molecular targets for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Abdallah
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS-UPR4301, 45071 Orléans, France; (E.H.); (A.S.); (R.C.); (J.-M.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Elodie Henriet
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS-UPR4301, 45071 Orléans, France; (E.H.); (A.S.); (R.C.); (J.-M.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Amandine Suet
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS-UPR4301, 45071 Orléans, France; (E.H.); (A.S.); (R.C.); (J.-M.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Ali Arar
- Centre Hospitalier d’Orléans, 45071 Orléans, France;
| | - Rudy Clemençon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS-UPR4301, 45071 Orléans, France; (E.H.); (A.S.); (R.C.); (J.-M.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Jean-Marc Malinge
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS-UPR4301, 45071 Orléans, France; (E.H.); (A.S.); (R.C.); (J.-M.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Gaël Lecellier
- ENTROPIE, UMR250/9220, CEDEX, 98800 Noumea, New Caledonia, France;
- Laboratoire D’excellence “CORAIL”, USR 3278 CNRS-EPHE, Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l’Environnement, Papetoai, Moorea, Polynésie Française, Université de Paris-Saclay UVSQ, 55 Avenue de Paris, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Patrick Baril
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS-UPR4301, 45071 Orléans, France; (E.H.); (A.S.); (R.C.); (J.-M.M.); (P.B.)
- Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Orléans, Colléguim Sciences et Techniques, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Chantal Pichon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS-UPR4301, 45071 Orléans, France; (E.H.); (A.S.); (R.C.); (J.-M.M.); (P.B.)
- Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Orléans, Colléguim Sciences et Techniques, 45071 Orléans, France
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Welihinda A, Ravikumar P, Kaur M, Mechanic J, Yadav S, Kang GJ, Amento E. Positive Allosteric Modulation of A 2AR Alters Immune Cell Responses and Ameliorates Psoriasis-Like Dermatitis in Mice. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:624-632.e6. [PMID: 34536482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune cell‒mediated inflammatory disease of the skin with a mixed T helper type 1/T helper type17 cytokine environment combined with an innate immune response engaging toll-like receptors. Inflammatory diseases are characterized by dysregulated immune cell responses and elevated levels of adenosine at disease sites. Adenosine, acting through the A2AR, regulates inflammation, immune response, T-cell homeostasis, and tissue repair. We have identified a unique means to enhance A2AR function using a positive allosteric modulator. We show that oral administration of the A2AR-positive allosteric modulator AEA061 reduced ear swelling, skin thickness, erythema, scale formation, and inflammatory cytokine expression in A2Ar+/+ but not in A2Ar-/- mice with imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis. Similar clinical and mRNA improvements were observed with topical administration. AEA061 also reduced clinical scores and cytokine expression in a mouse model of IL-23‒induced psoriasis-like dermatitis. In addition, AEA061 attenuated imiquimod-induced expression of IFN-α in plasmacytoid dendritic cells in vivo and IL-23 and IL-36α in conventional dendritic cells. TCR-mediated IL-17 expression in γδT cells in vivo and IL-17 production by CD4+ T cells enriched for γδT cells in vitro were also inhibited. Thus, the enhancement of A2AR responsiveness to the endogenous agonist adenosine through positive allosteric modulation is sufficient to enhance intrinsic homeostatic mechanisms attenuating disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajith Welihinda
- Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, California, USA.
| | - Puja Ravikumar
- Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, California, USA
| | - Manmeet Kaur
- Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, California, USA
| | - Jordan Mechanic
- Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, California, USA
| | - Shruti Yadav
- Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, California, USA
| | - Gyeong Jin Kang
- Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, California, USA
| | - Edward Amento
- Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Sunnyvale, California, USA
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Tseng JC, Chang YC, Huang CM, Hsu LC, Chuang TH. Therapeutic Development Based on the Immunopathogenic Mechanisms of Psoriasis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13071064. [PMID: 34371756 PMCID: PMC8308930 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis, a complex inflammatory autoimmune skin disorder that affects 2–3% of the global population, is thought to be genetically predetermined and induced by environmental and immunological factors. In the past decades, basic and clinical studies have significantly expanded knowledge on the molecular, cellular, and immunological mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Based on these pathogenic mechanisms, the current disease model emphasizes the role of aberrant Th1 and Th17 responses. Th1 and Th17 immune responses are regulated by a complex network of different cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-23; signal transduction pathways downstream to the cytokine receptors; and various activated transcription factors, including NF-κB, interferon regulatory factors (IRFs), and signal transducer and activator of transcriptions (STATs). The biologics developed to specifically target the cytokines have achieved a better efficacy and safety for the systemic management of psoriasis compared with traditional treatments. Nevertheless, the current therapeutics can only alleviate the symptoms; there is still no cure for psoriasis. Therefore, the development of more effective, safe, and affordable therapeutics for psoriasis is important. In this review, we discussed the current trend of therapeutic development for psoriasis based on the recent discoveries in the immune modulation of the inflammatory response in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Chih Tseng
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Chi Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Ming Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan;
| | - Li-Chung Hsu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan;
- Center of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-C.H.); (T.-H.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 65700) (L.-C.H.); +886-37-246-166 (ext. 37611) (T.-H.C.)
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chuang
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (L.-C.H.); (T.-H.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 65700) (L.-C.H.); +886-37-246-166 (ext. 37611) (T.-H.C.)
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87
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Ben Abdallah H, Johansen C, Iversen L. Key Signaling Pathways in Psoriasis: Recent Insights from Antipsoriatic Therapeutics. PSORIASIS-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2021; 11:83-97. [PMID: 34235053 PMCID: PMC8254604 DOI: 10.2147/ptt.s294173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with several comorbidities and reduced quality of life. In the past decades, highly effective targeted therapies have led to breakthroughs in the management of psoriasis, providing important insights into the pathogenesis. This article reviews the current concepts of the pathophysiological pathways and the recent progress in antipsoriatic therapeutics, highlighting key targets, signaling pathways and clinical effects in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claus Johansen
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars Iversen
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Đuretić J, Bufan B. Safety and efficacy of interleukin inhibitors in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm71-30505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis encompass those with elderly-onset disease, over 60 years of age, but also those with earlier disease onset who entered old age. Considering the age-related changes of the immune system, possible frailty, susceptibility to infection and concomitant comorbidity that implies multiple medicines, the treatment of these diseases in elderly patients can be challenging. Interleukin inhibitors have been shown to be an efficient and safe treatment for these diseases. However, elderly patients with these diseases were often included in the pivotal clinical trials for interleukin inhibitors in numbers insufficient to determine whether they responded differently from younger subjects. The aim of this paper was to review the findings on the efficacy and safety of interleukin inhibitor treatment in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis. The findings suggest that, for all the interleukin inhibitors reviewed herein, used in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis, or with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, the efficacy was comparable to younger patients. Furthermore, the incidence of reported adverse events was similar in these two age groups. Severe adverse events, which were related to sarilumab treatment for rheumatoid arthritis and secukinumab treatment for psoriasis, were higher in elderly patients. The reviewed findings suggest that the interleukin inhibitors approved and currently in use in clinical practice for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis can be considered a safe and efficient option for these diseases in elderly patients.
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