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Ensrud-Skraastad OK, Haga M. Associations between Motor Competence, Physical Self-Perception and Autonomous Motivation for Physical Activity in Children. Sports (Basel) 2020; 8:E120. [PMID: 32882897 PMCID: PMC7552734 DOI: 10.3390/sports8090120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Research indicates that children and adolescents gradually participate less in physical activity with age. Several factors are associated with children's physical activity levels, such as motor performance, self-perception of athletic competence and motivation to physical activity. To gain a better understanding of the factors of importance for behavior related to an active lifestyle, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between motor competence, physical self-perception and autonomous motivation and to examine to what extent this association may vary by sex. The sample consisted of 101 children, whose average age was 11.7 years (SD = 0.57), 53 boys and 48 girls. All subjects were measured on motor competence, physical self-perception and autonomous motivation for physical activity. The results indicate a low positive relationship between motor competence and physical self-perception for the entire sample and among girls. There is also a significant correlation between autonomous motivation and physical self-perception. No significant correlations were found between autonomous motivation and motor competence. The association between physical self-perception and autonomous motivation suggests that psychological factors play an important role in children's participation in physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Kristian Ensrud-Skraastad
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Monika Haga
- Department of Teacher Education, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Philpott C, Donovan B, Belton S, Lester D, Duncan M, Chambers F, O’Brien W. Investigating the Age-Related Association between Perceived Motor Competence and Actual Motor Competence in Adolescence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6361. [PMID: 32882872 PMCID: PMC7504194 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Irish adolescents have been found to possess high perceptions of motor competence. However, there is an evidential value to investigating the strength of the relationship between adolescent perceptions of motor competence and their low levels of actual motor competence. The purpose of this research was to gather data on the fundamental, functional, and perceived motor competence in adolescents, differentiated by year group, to discern if participants could assess their perceptions of ability. Data were collected on adolescents (N = 373; mean age: 14.38 ± 0.87 years; 47.7% female) across six second-level schools in Ireland, including measurements of fundamental movement skills, functional movement, and perceived motor competence. Poor levels of fundamental and functional movement were observed, with significant differences between year groups detected. Participants in 1st year scored the highest in overall fundamental movement skills; however, for overall functional movement, 3rd-year participants scored highest. High levels of perceived motor competence were reported across the entire sample. These scores did not align with actual motor competence, nor did any alignment between these measurements improve with aging, countering theorized age-related associations. Future research should target low levels of actual motor competence while emphasizing the cognitive aspects of movement to ensure greater accuracy between actual and perceived motor competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Philpott
- School of Education, Sports Studies and Physical Education Programme, University College Cork, T12 KX72 Cork, Ireland; (B.D.); (D.L.); (F.C.); (W.O.)
| | - Brian Donovan
- School of Education, Sports Studies and Physical Education Programme, University College Cork, T12 KX72 Cork, Ireland; (B.D.); (D.L.); (F.C.); (W.O.)
| | - Sarahjane Belton
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, D09 Y5N0 Dublin 9, Ireland;
| | - Diarmuid Lester
- School of Education, Sports Studies and Physical Education Programme, University College Cork, T12 KX72 Cork, Ireland; (B.D.); (D.L.); (F.C.); (W.O.)
| | - Michael Duncan
- Research Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK;
| | - Fiona Chambers
- School of Education, Sports Studies and Physical Education Programme, University College Cork, T12 KX72 Cork, Ireland; (B.D.); (D.L.); (F.C.); (W.O.)
| | - Wesley O’Brien
- School of Education, Sports Studies and Physical Education Programme, University College Cork, T12 KX72 Cork, Ireland; (B.D.); (D.L.); (F.C.); (W.O.)
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School Children's Physical Activity, Motor Competence, and Corresponding Self-Perception: A Longitudinal Analysis of Reciprocal Relationships. J Phys Act Health 2020; 17:1083-1090. [PMID: 32839350 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between engagement in physical activity and the development of motor competence (MC) is considered to be reciprocal and dynamic throughout childhood and adolescence. The 10-month follow-up study aimed to explore this reciprocal relationship and investigated whether the relationship is mediated by the corresponding self-perception of MC (PMC). METHODS A total of 51 children aged between 10 and 11 years (M = 10.27 [0.45]) participated in the study (52.9% boys, 47.1% girls). As an indicator for physical activity, the average vigorous physical activity (VPA) per day was measured by ActiGraph accelerometers. Two aspects of MC and PMC were recorded: self-movement and object movement. Saturated pathway models in a cross-lagged panel design with 2 measurement points were analyzed. RESULTS Reciprocal and direct relationships between VPA and MC object movement respectively MC self-movement were not found in longitudinal analyses with PMC as a mediator. Indirect effects of MC at t1 on VPA at t2 via PMC were identified (self-movement: β = 0.13, 95% confidence interval, 0.04 to 0.26; object movement: β = 0.14, 95% confidence interval, 0.01 to 0.49). CONCLUSION The results highlight the importance of MC and PMC in promoting children's VPA. However, VPA does not drive the development of MC.
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De Pasquale C, De Sousa Morgado L, Jidovtseff B, De Martelaer K, Barnett LM. Utility of a scale to assess Australian children's perceptions of their swimming competence and factors associated with child and parent perception. Health Promot J Austr 2020; 32 Suppl 2:106-115. [PMID: 33462929 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Drowning is a global public health issue. Aims were to assess: (a) face validity of the "Pictorial Scale of Perceived Water Competence (PSPWC)," (b) the association between child and parent perception of child swimming competence and (c) factors associated with perception of child swimming competence. METHODS Child-parent dyads and swim instructors were recruited for a mixed method study. Children aged 4-8 years (n = 51) reported on: familiarity, progressions and their own swim competence in 17 swimming situations. Parents (n = 51) reported on child competence and swimming experience. Swim instructors (n = 15) were interviewed. Spearman's rank correlation was used to assess whether child and parent swim perception were associated. The Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test or Kruskal-Wallis test were used to assess which factors were associated with child and/or parent report. RESULTS Children reported high familiarity of scenarios and could sequence items. Swim instructors concluded the PSPWC depicted swim skills accurately. There was no association between child and parent perception of children's swimming ability. Swimming level was positively associated with child perception but not parent proxy report. Swimming lesson experience, child sex, country of birth and disadvantage were not associated with child perception or parent proxy report. Older children perceived higher swimming competence but parent report was not associated with child age. CONCLUSIONS Children have a better understanding of their swim competence than their parents do, suggesting parent education is needed. SO WHAT?: The PSPWC could be used by teachers (both swimming and classroom) to inform parents how their child estimates their swim competence. If use of this tool was incorporated into education practice this could assist in creating awareness, which can be the start of advocacy towards the creation of policy to assist in the provision of accessible swim education for all Australian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla De Pasquale
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Kristine De Martelaer
- Research Unit Movement and Nutrition for Health and Performance, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Lisa M Barnett
- Institute of Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Reliability and Validity of a Questionnaire for Assessing Self-Perceived Health-Related Fitness in Spanish Children. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 23:e25. [PMID: 32605669 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2020.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for developing tools aimed at assessing fitness in children, due to its relationship with health. This study is aimed at testing the reliability and the validity of a questionnaire designed for assessing self-perceived health-related fitness in Spanish children. The questionnaire was created based on the model of physical self-concept developed by Fox and Corbin (1989) who conceived four sub-domains: Sport competence, attractive body, strength and physical condition. A total of 283 children (mean age: 10.80 ± 0.69 years; 45.6% girls) answered the questionnaire twice, in order to determine its test-retest reliability. The results obtained in the International Fitness Scale (IFIS) and on a fitness battery were used to determine its validity evidence based on relations to other variables. Exploratory and factorial analyses were performed to check its validity evidence based on internal structure. The obtained results indicated that the questionnaire showed an accurate validity evidence based on internal structure and a very good test-retest reliability, Intraclass correlation coefficient: .88; 95% CI [.84, .90]. The questionnaire established moderate correlations with the IFIS questionnaire (ρ = -.51 to -.68) and the fitness level showed by the children (ρ = -.53). These findings indicate that the questionnaire can be a useful research tool for assessing self-perceived health-related fitness in children.
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Tietjens M, Barnett LM, Dreiskämper D, Holfelder B, Utesch TO, Lander N, Hinkley T, Schott N. Conceptualising and testing the relationship between actual and perceived motor performance: A cross-cultural comparison in children from Australia and Germany. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:1984-1996. [PMID: 32573357 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1766169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies investigating the relationship between motor skill, physical activity and fitness in children have not thoroughly considered the role of self-perception. Therefore, the study aim was to test a theoretical framework, which considered both actual and perceived motor skill as well as actual and perceived fitness. Potential moderating effects of sex and country were considered. Data on motor skill, fitness, as well as self-perception of motor skill and fitness were collected from 145 Australian children and 214 German children (age range 7 to 10 years). For actual motor skill and fitness, mean differences for sex, age and country were found. For perceived motor performance (perceived motor skill and perceived fitness) no mean differences were found for age. Path analyses were performed. The final model showed significant relations between actual performance (object control skill, fitness) and perceived performance (object control skill, fitness). All model paths had low to moderate regression weights with the lowest relationship reported between actual and perceived fitness. Sex and country showed no effects. This integrated approach has led to a better understanding of the relationship between children's perceived and objective performance, and cultural differences within them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa M Barnett
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition , Geelong, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Trina Hinkley
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition , Geelong, Australia
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Robinson LE, Wang L, Colabianchi N, Stodden DF, Ulrich D. Protocol for a two-cohort randomized cluster clinical trial of a motor skills intervention: The Promoting Activity and Trajectories of Health (PATH) Study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e037497. [PMID: 32532781 PMCID: PMC7295413 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data supports that motor skills are an underlying mechanism that influence physical activity along with perceived motor and physical competence, but the relationship between motor skills and physical activity during the early years is unclear. The goal of this study, Promoting Activity and Trajectories of Health (PATH) for Children, is to examine and compare the immediate (pre-test to post-test) and sustained (3-year follow-up) effect of an intervention on motor performance, physical activity and perceived physical competence to a control condition (ie, standard practice) in preschool-age children. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The PATH study is a two-cohort, randomised cluster clinical trial. 300 children between the ages of >3.5 to 5 years of age will be randomised to the motor skill intervention (n=153) or control (n=147) condition. Each assessment involves a measure of motor skill performance; product and process, seven consecutive days of physical activity monitoring and perceived physical competence. These measures will be assessed before and after the intervention (pre-test to post-test) and then each academic year across 3 years, grades kindergarten, first grade and second grade (3-year follow-up). To assess the clustered longitudinal effect of the intervention on outcome measures, random-effects models (eg, mixed model regression, growth curve modelling and structural equation modelling) will be used. The PATH study addresses gaps in paediatric exercise science research. Findings hold the potential to help shape public health and educational policies and interventions that support healthy development and active living during the early years. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval for this study was obtained through the Health Sciences and Behavioral Sciences Institutional Review Board, University of Michigan (HUM00133319). The PATH study is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Findings will be disseminated via print, online media, dissemination events and practitioner and/or research journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NHLBI ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, NCT03189862. Registered 17 August 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03189862.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah E Robinson
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Natalie Colabianchi
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - David F Stodden
- Department of Physical Education, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Dale Ulrich
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Carcamo-Oyarzun J, Estevan I, Herrmann C. Association between Actual and Perceived Motor Competence in School Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103408. [PMID: 32422866 PMCID: PMC7277634 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The association between actual and perceived motor competence (MC) is one of the underlying mechanisms that influence the practice of physical activity. This study mainly aimed to analyze the structure and correlations between actual and perceived MC in schoolchildren and to compare actual and perceived MC between girls and boys. (2) Methods: A total of 467 fifth and sixth graders (43.9% girls, M = 11.26, SD = 0.70) participated. Actual and perceived MC were assessed. To examine the proposed four factor models, structural equation models (factor analyses, latent correlations, invariance testing for gender) were conducted. Student t-test for independent samples was used to compare boys and girls. (3) Results: Proposed models achieved acceptable fit values with moderate correlation between the factors according to the type of MC in actual and perceived MC. Invariant factor structure in boys and girls was revealed. Boys performed and perceived themselves higher in object control than girls; whereas girls showed higher actual and perceived self-movement than boys. (4) Conclusions: The association between actual and perceived MC exists both globally and separately by gender, despite the differences between boys and girls. It is important to consider the role of gender and type of MC in the development of motor competencies, as well as in the strengthening of the children’s sense of competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Carcamo-Oyarzun
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Social Science & Humanities, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230 Temuco, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Isaac Estevan
- Activitat Física i Promoció de la Salut (AFIPS) Research Group. Department of Teaching of Music, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Christian Herrmann
- Didactics Exercise and Sport, Zurich University of Teacher Education, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
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Zhang T, Lee J, Chu TL(A, Chen C, Gu X. Accessing Physical Activity and Health Disparities among Underserved Hispanic Children: The Role of Actual and Perceived Motor Competence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093013. [PMID: 32357506 PMCID: PMC7246746 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Promoting physical activity (PA) and eliminating health disparities among underserved minority children is a public health priority. The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of actual motor competence (a set of object control skills) and perceived motor competence with PA participation and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among underserved Hispanic children who were born in the U.S. Guided by Stodden et al.’s conceptual model, we tested the direct and indirect effects (mediational model) of actual motor competence on health-related outcomes (PA and HRQoL) through perceived motor competence. Participants were 215 underserved Hispanic children (Mage = 10.55 years, SD = 0.53 [age range 10–12]; 51.6% boys), recruited from four elementary schools in the southwestern U.S., who completed validated questionnaires assessing their perceived motor competence, PA, and HRQoL. Their actual motor skills were assessed using PE MetricsTM. After examining the associations among the variables, we tested the hypothesized model using structural equation modeling (SEM; AMOS 25). The hypothesized model indicated a good fit (χ²/df = 38.427/24 = 1.60 < 5; non-normed fit index (NFI) = 0.93; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.968; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.053 [0.016, 0.083]). The effect of actual motor competence on PA and HRQoL was fully mediated by perceived motor competence. The findings demonstrated the mediating role of perceived motor competence between actual motor competence and health-related outcomes (PA and HRQoL) among underserved Hispanic children. The results highlight that actual motor competence significantly predicted underserved Hispanic children’ perceived motor competence, which in turn positively predicted their PA and HRQoL. These findings have significant practical implications for future intervention strategies of randomized clinical trials in schools aimed at promoting PA and HRQoL and eliminating health disparities among underserved Hispanic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Kinesiology, Health Promotion and Recreation, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-940-565-3415
| | - Joonyoung Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, Health Promotion and Recreation, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI 54311, USA
| | - Changzhou Chen
- School of Leisure Sport, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiangli Gu
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
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Movement Skill Assessment in Children: Overview and Recommendations for Research and Practice. CURRENT DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40474-019-00160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Jaakkola T, Huhtiniemi M, Salin K, Seppälä S, Lahti J, Hakonen H, Stodden DF. Motor competence, perceived physical competence, physical fitness, and physical activity within Finnish children. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 29:1013-1021. [PMID: 30825382 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate reciprocal relationships among students' motor competence (MC) (leaping, throwing, catching, jumping skills), perceived physical competence, health-related fitness (HRF) (20 m shuttle run, push-up, abdominal muscles endurance tests) and objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Participants included 422 Grade 5 Finnish children (246 girls). Two separate structural equation models investigated paths (a) from MC through both perceived physical competence and HRF to MVPA, and (b) from MVPA through both perceived physical competence and HRF to MC. Model 1 demonstrated an indirect path from MC through HRF to MVPA and a direct path from MC to perceived physical competence for both boys and girls. Additionally, model 1 revealed a direct path from perceived physical competence to MVPA for the girls and from MC to MVPA for the boys. MC, perceived physical competence, and HRF explained 13% of variance in MVPA for the girls and 25% for the boys. Model 2 indicated indirect paths from MVPA through perceived physical competence to MC and from MVPA through HRF to MC for both boys and girls. Additionally, a direct path from MVPA to MC was found in the boys' group. MVPA, perceived physical competence, and HRF explained 48% of variance in MC for the girls and 53% for the boys. Results of this study provide preliminary support for the reciprocal nature of relationships among MC development, perceived physical competence, HRF and MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Jaakkola
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Mikko Huhtiniemi
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kasper Salin
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sanni Seppälä
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jukka Lahti
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Harto Hakonen
- LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - David F Stodden
- Department of Physical Education, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
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Niemistö D, Barnett LM, Cantell M, Finni T, Korhonen E, Sääkslahti A. Socioecological correlates of perceived motor competence in 5- to 7-year-old Finnish children. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 29:753-765. [PMID: 30663804 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated child, family, and environmental factors associated with young children's perceptions of locomotor (LM) and object control (OC) skills. The participants comprised 472 children (6.22 ± 0.63) and their parents. The children were assessed for their perception of motor competence in LM and OC skills (using the pictorial scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence for young children), and actual motor competence (Test of Gross Motor Development 3rd edition and Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder). Anthropometrics were calculated using the children's body mass index standard deviation scores. A parent questionnaire included questions about child factors (sex, child's independent walking age, time spent sedentary and outdoors, participation in organized sport activities, and access to electronic devices), family factors (parent educational level, physical activity frequency, and sedentary behavior), and environmental factors (access to sport facilities). Variance analysis sought to identify age-related differences, and a linear regression model examined correlates of children's perception of LM and OC skills. The children's movement skill perceptions were found to be generally high. Four factors explained 5.7% of the variance in perceptions of LM skills and 7.5% of the variance in perceptions of OC skills. Two factors, lower age and higher actual motor competence, explained most of the children's skill perceptions. Access to electronic devices (less) and Body mass index (BMI) (higher) were associated with perceptions of LM skills. Participation in organized sport activities (higher) and parental education (lower) were associated with perceptions of OC skills. When promoting children's physical activity and motor competence, perceptions of motor competence are an important consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna Niemistö
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lisa M Barnett
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Marja Cantell
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Taija Finni
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Elisa Korhonen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Arja Sääkslahti
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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63
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Estevan I, García-Massó X, Molina García J, Barnett LM. Identifying profiles of children at risk of being less physically active: an exploratory study using a self-organised map approach for motor competence. J Sports Sci 2018; 37:1356-1364. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1559491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Estevan
- AFIPS Research Group. Department of Teaching of Music, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Xavier García-Massó
- HUMAG Research Group. Department of Teaching of Music, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Molina García
- AFIPS Research Group. Department of Teaching of Music, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lisa M. Barnett
- Institute of Physical Activity and Nutrition. School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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The Relationship Between Fundamental Movement Skills and Physical Self-Perception Among Adolescent Girls. JOURNAL OF MOTOR LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2017-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the relationship between fundamental movement skills (FMS) and multiple levels of physical self-perception among early adolescent girls. The Victorian FMS Teachers’ Manual was used to measure actual FMS. Perceptions were measured using the Physical Self-Perception Profile and the Perceived Movement Skill Competence Scale. Pearson’s correlations assessed the association between FMS and each level of physical self-perception. General linear models, adjusting for potential confounders, were conducted to explore the relationship between FMS and multiple levels of physical self-perception. A total of 173 Australian girls (M = 12.48 years, SD = .34) had complete data. Results found positive moderate and significant associations between actual FMS and physical self-perception, perceived sports competence, and, to a lesser degree, perceived FMS. Actual and perceived object control skill were also moderately associated, but there was no association between actual and perceived locomotor skill. After adjusting for potential confounders, FMS remained a significant predictor of each level of perception in each model, except for locomotor skill. These findings are important for future intervention development to improve both actual and perceived FMS, particularly in object control skill, which has been identified as a predictor of subsequent physical activity.
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Perceptions of Movement Competence in Children and Adolescents from Different Cultures and Countries. JOURNAL OF MOTOR LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2018-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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