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Gogoi HJ, Bajpai K, Mallajosyula AT, Solanki A. Advances in Flexible Memristors with Hybrid Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8798-8825. [PMID: 34491743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite (HOIP)-based memristors have captured strong attention not only as an emerging candidate for next-generation high-density information storage technology but also for use in healthcare technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) because of their unique properties: low weight, flexibility, compatibility, stretchability, and low power consumption. In this Perspective, we review the recent advances of various aspects of flexible memristors focusing on the selection of the flexible substrates, materials, interfaces, several resistive switching mechanisms, and different methodologies of perovskite growth. The current state of the art of the memristor as an artificial synapse, light-induced resistive switching, and logic gates is comprehensively and systematically reviewed. Finally, we briefly discuss the stability factors of perovskites and present the conclusion with a broad outlook on the progress and challenges in the field of perovskite-based flexible memristors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himangshu Jyoti Gogoi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Kunal Bajpai
- Department of Physics, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar 382421, India
| | - Arun Tej Mallajosyula
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Ankur Solanki
- Department of Physics, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar 382421, India
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52
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Khan K, Tareen AK, Iqbal M, Wang L, Ma C, Shi Z, Ye Z, Ahmad W, Rehman Sagar RU, Shams SS, Sophia PJ, Ullah Z, Xie Z, Guo Z, Zhang H. Navigating recent advances in monoelemental materials (Xenes)-fundamental to biomedical applications. PROG SOLID STATE CH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2021.100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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53
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Zhao C, Batiz H, Yasar B, Kim H, Ji W, Scott MC, Chrzan DC, Javey A. Tellurium Single-Crystal Arrays by Low-Temperature Evaporation and Crystallization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2100860. [PMID: 34331332 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermally evaporated tellurium possesses an intriguing crystallization behavior, where an amorphous to crystalline phase transition happens at near-ambient temperature. However, a comprehensive understanding and delicate control of the crystallization process for the evaporated Te films is lacking. Here, the kinetics and dynamics of the crystallization of thermally evaporated Te films is visualized and modeled. Low-temperature processing of highly crystalline tellurium films with large grain size and preferred out-of-plane orientation ((100) plane parallel to the surface) is demonstrated by controlling the crystallization process. Tellurium single crystals with a lateral dimension of up to 6 µm are realized on various substrates including glass and plastic. Field-effect transistors based on 5 °C crystallized Te single grains (6-nm-thick) exhibit an average effective hole mobility of ≈100 cm2 V-1 s-1 , and on/off current ratio of ≈3 × 104 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsong Zhao
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Humberto Batiz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Bengisu Yasar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Wenbo Ji
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Mary C Scott
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Daryl C Chrzan
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Ali Javey
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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54
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Yao J, Chen F, Li J, Du J, Wu D, Tian Y, Zhang C, Li X, Lin P. Mixed-dimensional Te/CdS van der Waals heterojunction for self-powered broadband photodetector. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:415201. [PMID: 34214994 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac10e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The 2D layered crystals can physically integrate with other non-2D components through van der Waals (vdW) interaction, forming mixed-dimensional heterostructures. As a new elemental 2D material, tellurium (Te) has attracted intense recent interest for high room-temperature mobility, excellent air-stability, and the easiness of scalable synthesis. To date, the Te is still in its research infancy, and optoelectronics with low-power consumption are less reported. Motivated by this, we report the fabrication of a mixed-dimensional vdW photodiode using 2D Te and 1D CdS nanobelt in this study. The heterojunction exhibits excellent self-powered photosensing performance and a broad response spectrum up to short-wave infrared. Under 520 nm wavelength, a high responsivity of 98 mA W-1is obtained at zero bias with an external quantum efficiency of 23%. Accordingly, the photo-to-dark current ratio and specific detectivity reach 9.2 × 103and 1.9 × 1011Jones due to the suppressed dark current. This study demonstrates the promising applications of Te/CdS vdW heterostructure in high-performance photodetectors. Besides, such a mixed-dimensional integration strategy paves a new way for device design, thus expanding the research scope for 2D Te-based optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Du
- State Grid Henan Electric Power Research Institute, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongtao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- National Joint Engineering Research Center for Abrasion Control and Molding of Metal Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjian Li
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
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55
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Hu C, Li L, Shen G. Flexible Transparent
Near‐Infrared
Photodetector Based on
2D Ti
3
C
2
MXene‐Te
Van Der Waals Heterostructures
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuqiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China
| | - La Li
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China
| | - Guozhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 China
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56
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Tareen AK, Khan K, Aslam M, Liu X, Zhang H. Confinement in two-dimensional materials: Major advances and challenges in the emerging renewable energy conversion and other applications. PROG SOLID STATE CH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2020.100294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Li C, Zhang L, Gong T, Cheng Y, Li L, Li L, Jia S, Qi Y, Wang J, Gao Y. Study of the Growth Mechanism of Solution-Synthesized Symmetric Tellurium Nanoflakes at Atomic Resolution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2005801. [PMID: 33470501 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a new member of 2D materials, 2D tellurium (Te) has recently attracted much attention due to its intriguing properties. Through hydrothermal processing, 2D Te with tunable thickness and size has been realized, and its growth mechanism has also been studied. However, the tailored growth of 2D Te nanoflakes with symmetrical morphologies and interfacial moiré fringes has never been reported. Here, 2D Te nanoflakes have been prepared using the hydrothermal method, and mirror-symmetrical shapes (including "V-shape," "heart-shape," and "paper airplane-shape") with obvious moiré fringes in the middle of the nanoflakes are observed. Comprehensive transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques are utilized for structural characterization of these nanoflakes, especially the moiré fringes in the symmetry axis region of the nanoflakes. The systematic analyses of the moiré fringes and the observation of obvious overlapping edges of the composing nanoflakes from the cross-sectional samples reveal the possible mechanism of morphological evolution for these symmetrical nanoflakes. These details may fill the research gap in the controllable growth of 2D Te nanomaterials, pave the way for the fabrication of 2D Te moiré superlattices and in-plane homojunctions, and promote their future versatile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Center for Nanoscale Characterization & Devices, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Tian Gong
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Yongfa Cheng
- Center for Nanoscale Characterization & Devices, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Luying Li
- Center for Nanoscale Characterization & Devices, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Li Li
- Center for Nanoscale Characterization & Devices, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Shuangfeng Jia
- Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures and the Institute for Advanced Studies, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Yajun Qi
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures and the Institute for Advanced Studies, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Yihua Gao
- Center for Nanoscale Characterization & Devices, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
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58
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Chen SW, Lu JY, Tung PH, Lin JH, Chiesa M, Hung BY, Yang TCK. Study of laser actions by bird's feathers with photonic crystals. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2430. [PMID: 33510303 PMCID: PMC7843591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81976-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Random lasers had been made by some biomaterials as light scattering materials, but natural photonic crystals have been rarely reported as scattering materials. Here we demonstrate the ability of natural photonic crystals to drive laser actions by sandwiched the feathers of the Turquoise-Fronted Amazon parrot and dye between two plastic films. Parrot feathers comprise abundant photonic crystals, and different color feathers compose of different ratios of the photonic crystal, which directly affect the feather reflectance. In this study, the multi-reflection scattering that occurred at the interface between the photonic crystal and gain media efficiently reduce the threshold; therefore, the more photonic crystal constitutes in the feathers; the lower threshold can be obtained. The random lasers can be easily made by the integration of bird feather photonic crystals and dye with a simple and sustainable manufacturing approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wen Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei, 10608, Taiwan.
| | - Jin-You Lu
- Laboratory for Energy and Nano Science, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Po-Han Tung
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Ja-Hon Lin
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei, 10608, Taiwan.
| | - Matteo Chiesa
- Laboratory for Energy and Nano Science, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bing-Yi Hung
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Thomas Chung-Kuang Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei, 10608, Taiwan.
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59
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Li Q, Xu L, Liu S, Yang J, Fang S, Li Y, Ma J, Zhang Z, Quhe R, Yang J, Lu J. Bilayer Tellurene: A Potential p‐Type Channel Material for Sub‐10 nm Transistors. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202000252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Department of Electronics Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Shibo Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Jiachen Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Department of Electronics Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Ruge Quhe
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications and School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 P. R. China
| | - Jinbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100871 P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Department of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Department of Electronics Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100871 P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices Beijing 100871 P. R. China
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60
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Londoño-Calderon A, Williams DJ, Ophus C, Pettes MT. 1D to 2D Transition in Tellurium Observed by 4D Electron Microscopy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2005447. [PMID: 33205629 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new microwave-enhanced synthesis method for the production of tellurium nanostructures is reported-with control over products from the 1D regime (sub-5 nm diameter nanowires), to nanoribbons, to the 2D tellurene regime-along with a new methodology for local statistical quantification of the crystallographic parameters of these materials at the nanometer scale. Using a direct electron detector and image-corrected microscope, large and robust 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy datasets for accurate structural analysis are obtained. These datasets allow the adaptation of quantitative techniques originally developed for X-ray diffraction (XRD) refinement analyses to transmission electron microscopy, enabling the first demonstration of sub-picometer accuracy lattice parameter extraction while also obtaining both the size of the coherent crystallite domains and the nanostrain, which is observed to decrease as nanowires transition to tellurene. This new local analysis is commensurate with global powder XRD results, indicating the robustness of both the new synthesis approach and new structural analysis methodology for future scalable production of 2D tellurene and characterization of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Londoño-Calderon
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Darrick J Williams
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Colin Ophus
- NCEM, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Michael T Pettes
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
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61
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Wang Y, Vu LM, Lu T, Xu C, Liu Y, Ou JZ, Li Y. Piezoelectric Responses of Mechanically Exfoliated Two-Dimensional SnS 2 Nanosheets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:51662-51668. [PMID: 33140968 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of piezoelectric properties in two-dimensional (2D) layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) has triggered the intensive research on using low dimensional materials for conversion of mechanical stimuli into electrical signals or vice versa. While the bulk intrinsically presents no piezoelectric property, the origin of the piezoelectric responses in their 2D thin planes is ascribed to the loss of centrosymmetry. There are also other categories of 2D layered materials such as post-transition metal dichalcogenides (PTMDs) that might be of interests, which have been confirmed theoretically and are yet to be fully explored experimentally. In this work, we investigate the thickness-dependent piezoelectric responses of 2D tin disulfide (SnS2) nanosheets as a representative of layered PTMDs. The results indicate that the 2D SnS2 nanosheets with a thickness of ∼4 nm present an effective out-of-plane piezoelectric response of 2 ± 0.22 pm/V. Furthermore, the thickness dependence of the piezoelectric behavior at a resonant frequency shows that the piezoelectric coefficient decreases with increasing the thickness of 2D SnS2 nanosheets. Additionally, in reference to periodically poled lithium niobate piezoelectric crystal, the measured effective lateral piezoelectric coefficients at different voltages range from 0.61 to 1.55 pm/V with the average value at ∼1 pm/V. This study expands candidates for new piezoelectric materials in the 2D domain with comparable vertical and lateral coefficients, potentially opening a broader horizon for integration into sensors, actuators, and micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Wang
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Le-May Vu
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Teng Lu
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Chenglong Xu
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Yun Liu
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jian Zhen Ou
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Yongxiang Li
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
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