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Lin YN, Wassef MK, Horowitz MI. Lysophospholipase and transacylase activities of rat gastric mucosa. Arch Biochem Biophys 1979; 193:213-20. [PMID: 36852 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(79)90025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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52
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De Wolf M, Hilderson HJ, Lagrou A, Dierick W. Lipolytic enzymes in bovine thyroid tissue. III. Lysophospholipase activity. ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE ET DE BIOCHIMIE 1979; 87:1-18. [PMID: 92222 DOI: 10.3109/13813457909070481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lysophospholipids are formed during phospholipid breakdown as a result of the action of phospholipases A. At certain concentrations these lysoderivatives destabilise biological membranes. Therefore, their concentration is of critical importance for membrane integrity. Prevention of lysophosphoglycerides accumulation may be the important role for lysophospholipases and is probably the explanation for their widespread occurrence in nature. Lysophospholipase activities were found in molds (Fairbairn, 1948), rice bran (Contardi & Ercoli, 1933), several microorganisms (Brockerhoff & Jensen, 1974), snake and bee venoms (Doery & Pearson, 1964; Mohamed et al., 1969; Shiloah et al., 1973), insects (Khan & Hodgson, 1967; Rao & Subrahmanyam, 1969), fish muscle (Yurkovski & Brockerhoff, 1965; Cohen et al., 1967) and in various animal tissues (Marples & Thompson, 1960). In mammalian tissue the enzyme was first described in beef pancreas (Shapiro, 1953). Relatively high levels were detected in intestine, lung, spleen, liver and pancreas, while lower levels were present in muscle, kidney, testes, brain and blood (Marples & Thompson, 1960). The presence of lysophospholipase activity in both supernatant and sediment of bovine thyroid was reported previously in relation to possible interference of this enzyme with the phospholipase A activity assay (De Wolf et al., 1976). The subcellular localization of bovine thyroid lysophospholipase and some properties of the membrane bound enzyme activity are discussed in this paper.
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53
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Vianen GM, van den Bosch H. Lysophospholipase and lysophosphatidylcholine:lysophosphatidylcholine transacylase from rat lung: evidence for a single enzyme and some aspects of its specificity. Arch Biochem Biophys 1978; 190:373-8. [PMID: 718159 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(78)90290-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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54
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Chien K, Abrams J, Serroni A, Martin J, Farber J. Accelerated phospholipid degradation and associated membrane dysfunction in irreversible, ischemic liver cell injury. J Biol Chem 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)30461-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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55
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Suzuki Y, Tabata R, Okawa KI. Effect of D-galactosamine-HCl on the pulmonary surfactant in the rat. Exp Mol Pathol 1978; 28:349-59. [PMID: 580606 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4800(78)90009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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56
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Kanoh H, Akesson B. Properties of microsomal and soluble diacylglycerol kinase in rat liver. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1978; 85:225-32. [PMID: 205418 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1978.tb12230.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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57
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Goroh O, Toyoaki A. Changes in the structural and metabolic heterogeneity of phosphatidylcholines in the developing rat lung. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(78)90026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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58
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Tagesson C, Sjödahl R. The biochemical prerequisites for preventing pathogenic lysolecithin activity in the human gallbladder. II. Studies on the subcellular localization of lysophospholipase. Scand J Gastroenterol 1978; 13:107-12. [PMID: 635441 DOI: 10.3109/00365527809179814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The subcellular localization of lysophospholipase activity in the human gallbladder epithelium was studied by differential and density gradient centrifugation. The highest relative specific activity was found in the microsomal fraction, although the enzyme appeared in mitochondria and lysosomes as well. The cytosol did not contain any significant lysophospholipase activity, but large amounts of enzyme were solubilized during centrifugation in sucrose gradients. These findings are discussed in relation to the distribution and properties of lysophospholipase in other cells and tissues and with regard to physiological implications. The possible relevance to the pathogenesis of aseptic cholecystitis is inferred.
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59
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60
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Holub BJ, Kuksis A. Metabolism of molecular species of diacylglycerophospholipids. ADVANCES IN LIPID RESEARCH 1978; 16:1-125. [PMID: 362863 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-024916-9.50007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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61
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van den Bosch H, Brumley GW. Properties of a lysophospholipase-transacylase from rat lung: its possible involvement in the synthesis of lung surfactant. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1978; 101:341-51. [PMID: 580851 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9071-2_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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62
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Oldenborg V, Van Golde LM. The enzymes of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in the fetal mouse lung. Effects of dexamethasone. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1977; 489:454-65. [PMID: 201288 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(77)90166-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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63
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Barańska J, van Golde LM. Role of lamellar bodies in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine in mouse lung. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1977; 488:285-93. [PMID: 196660 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(77)90186-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1. A lamellar body-enriched fraction was isolated from whole lung homogenates of mouse lung and its contamination with microsomes, mitochondria, and cytosol protein assessed by marker enzyme analyses. 2. By measuring the activity of cholinephosphotransferase (EC 2.7.8.2) in varying amounts of microsomes in the presence and absence of a fixed quantity of lamellar bodies, it could be demonstrated unequivocally that lamellar bodies of mouse lung lack the capacity to synthesize phosphatidylcholine de novo. 3. A similar approach allowed the conclusion that lamellar bodies of mouse lung do not contain lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.23) and lysophosphatidylcholine:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.--), enzymes which play a putative role in the formation of pulmonary 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine. The activities of these enzymes observed in lamellar body fractions could be attributed completely to contaminating microsomes and cytosol respectively. 4. Lamellar bodies contributed to the activity of microsomal lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase by a cooperative effect. The possible role of this cooperation in the biosynthesis of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is discussed.
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64
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65
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Sahu S, Lynn WS. Enzymes of phospholipid metabolism in airway secretions of patients with asthma, cystic fibrosis, and alveolar proteinosis. Inflammation 1977; 2:93-104. [PMID: 617806 DOI: 10.1007/bf00918671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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66
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Wykle RL, Malone B, Snyder F. Biosynthesis of dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine by adenoma alveolar type II cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 1977; 181:249-56. [PMID: 577668 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(77)90503-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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67
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Köttgen E, van Golde LM. Selective utilization of endogenous unsaturated phosphatidylcholines and diacylglycerols by cholinephosphotransferase of mouse lung microsomes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 441:423-32. [PMID: 184825 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(76)90239-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the presence of CMP, cholinephosphotransferase of mouse lung microsomes catalyzes the conversion of endogenous phosphatidylcholines into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerols and CDPcholine. 2. In this conversion cholinephosphotransferase shows a distinct preference for those molecular species of phosphatidylcholine which contain an unsaturated fatty acid. The enzyme hardly utilizes endogenous depalmitoylglycerophosphocholine as a substrate. 3. Membrane-bound 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerols were also prepared by treatment of mouse lung microsomes with a pure phospholipase C from Bacillus cereus. These 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerols were subsequently utilized as substrate by cholinephosphotransferase in the formation of phosphatidylcholine. In the latter reaction, cholinephosphotransferase exhibited a pronounced preference for unsaturated 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerols and hardly utilized the endogenous 1,2-depalmitoyl-sn-glycerol. 4. The low affinity of cholinephosphotransferase for either dipalmitoylglycerophosphocholine or 1,2-dip
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68
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Oldenborg V, van Golde LM. Activity of cholinephosphotransferase, lysolecithin: lysolecithin acyltransferase and lysolecithin acyltransferase in the developing mouse lung. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 441:433-42. [PMID: 184826 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(76)90240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1. The present study presents the activity profiles of cholinephosphotransferase, lysolecithin:lysolecithin acyltransferase and lysolecithin acyltransferase at different stages of development of the mouse lung. 2. The specific activity of cholinephosphotransferase, a key enzyme in the de novo synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, increases during the later stages of fetal development until it reaches a maximal value at a gestational age of 17 days, i.e. 2 days before term. Thereafter, the activity of the enzyme declines again until around term. 2. The specific activity of lysolecithin:lysolecithin acyltransferase which catalyzes the transesterification between two molecules of 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, appears to be much lower than that of cholinephosphotransferase at gestational ages below 18 days. However, around day 18, the specific activity of lysolecithin:lysolecithin acyltransferase increases dramatically until it almost equals the maximal activity of cholinephosphotransferase measured on day 17. 4. The specific activity of lysolecithin acyltransferase, which catalyzes the direct acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, does not change significantly during the prenatal development and is lower than that of either lysolecithin:lysolecithin acyltransferase or cholinephosphotransferase at all stages of development. 5. These results are discussed in view of the possible role of these enzymes in the biosynthesis of pulmonary 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine.
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69
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Gilder H, McSherry CK. Phosphatidylcholine synthesis and pulmonary oxygen toxicity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 441:48-56. [PMID: 989024 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(76)90280-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen at hyperbaric pressure causes a reduction of lung surfactant and inhibits the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, the principal component of lung surfactant. Rabbit lung slices and broken cell preparations were used to determine whether phosphatidylcholine synthesis in general is inhibited or whether there is selective inhibition of surfactant dipalmitoyl-glycerophosphocholine synthesis. The incorporations of palmitate, oleate and choline into the phosphatidylcholine of lung slices are reduced to 44, 49 and 45% of the normal, respectively, in animals exposed to 100% oxygen at 3 atm. absolute for 4 h. The similarity of the level of phosphatidylcholine synthesis from these three precursors, as well as of the degree of inhibition, suggests a non-specific mechanism of inhibition of whole cell phosphatidylcholine synthesis. Broken cell preparations of lung incorporate palmitate and oleate into lysophosphatidylcholine at comparable rates when optimal amounts of precursors are used. This system is reduced to 60 and 73% of the normal for palmitate incorporation in homogenates and microsomal fraction, respectively and to 75 and 82% of the normal for oleate incorporation. Although the greater inhibition of palmitate incorporation over that of oleate is not statistically significant, an inhibition of the deacylation-reacylation mechanisms leading to palmitate incorporation may still be implicated as a factor in the toxicity of oxygen for surfactant phosphatidylcholine synthesis in view of the fact that with whole lung preparations, only one-tenth of the pulmonary cell population constitutes the surfactant producing type II alveolar cells (granular pneumocytes).
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70
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Spanner S, Hall RC, Ansell GB. Arterio-venous differences of choline and choline lipids across the brain of rat and rabbit. Biochem J 1976; 154:133-40. [PMID: 1275904 PMCID: PMC1172684 DOI: 10.1042/bj1540133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The concentration of unesterified choline in the plasma in the jugular vein of the rat (0.85 nmol/ml) was found to be three times that of the arterial supply to the brain (0.25 nmol/ml), indicating a higher efflux than uptake of unesterified choline by the brain. No such difference was found for the rabbit and no arterio-venous difference for phosphatidylcholine or lysophosphatidylcholine was observed in either species. No arterio-venous difference was found for choline in blood cells. The infusion of [Me-3H]choline into the circulation of the rat or rabbit indicated an uptake of radioactive choline by the brain and an efflux of non-radioactive choline. In the rabbit such an infusion produced a steady rise in the labelling of phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine in the plasma. When [14C2]ethanolamine was injected intraperitoneally into the rat there was a labelling of phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin in the plasma and cells of blood from the jugular vein and the arterial supply, as well as in the brain tissue. However, no labelling of unesterified choline in these tissues could be detected. Unesterified choline was shown to be liberated into the plasma when whole blood from the rat or man, but not the rabbit, was incubated for short periods at 30 degrees C.
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71
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Macdonald G, Thompson W. Different selectivities in acylation and methylation pathways of phosphatidylcholine formation in guinea pig and rat livers. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1975; 398:424-32. [PMID: 1174524 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(75)90193-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Radioactivity from intraperitoneally or intraportally injected 1-acyl-snglycero-3-phosphorylcholine, doubly labelled in either palmitoyl, glycerol or phosphoryl moities, was incorporated largely into disaturated or mixed disaturated-oligoenoic fractions of phosphatidylcholine in guinea pig liver. In rat liver the tetraenoic class was the most highly labelled and only very low radioactivity was recovered from disaturated or monoenoic species. The methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine, as judged by the incorporation of intraperitoneally injected L-[Me-14 C] methionine, involved selectively tetraenoic and polyenoic (greater than 4 double bonds) classes in rat liver. In guinea pig liver, methylation activity was much lower and led to the formation principally of dienoic classes of phosphatidylcholine. These experiments confirm the work of others that in rat liver, which has a high level of polyunsaturated classes of phosphatidylcholine, the "indirect" pathways of synthesis give rise chiefly to these classes. However, the priorties in guinea pig liver are different, since the levels of polyunsaturated classes are much lower, and although the "indirect" pathways of synthesis are operative they are directed mainly toward the formation of more saturated classes.
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72
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Hazlewood GP, Dawson RM. Intermolecular transacylation of phosphatidylethanolamine by a Butyrivibrio sp. Biochem J 1975; 150:521-5. [PMID: 1212204 PMCID: PMC1165767 DOI: 10.1042/bj1500521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
1. Washed cells and supernatant from a culture of a Butyrivibrio sp. carry out the intermolecular transacylation reaction 2 phosphatidylethanolamine leads to N-acylphosphatidyl-ethanolamine+lysophosphatidylethanolamine. 2. Washed cells can catalyse the intramolecular transacylation of N-(acyl)glycerylphosphorylethanolamine to lysophosphatidylethanolamine; the culture supernatant is largely devoid of activity.
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73
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74
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Dirksen TR. Incorporation of radioactive bases into calvaria of the new-born rat, Rattus norvegicus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1975; 50:345-9. [PMID: 1109831 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(75)90284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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75
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76
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Wykle RL, Schremmer JM. A Lysophospholipase D Pathway in the Metabolism of Ether-linked Lipids in Brain Microsomes. J Biol Chem 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)42850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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77
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78
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79
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Illingworth DR, Portman OW. The uptake and metabolism of plasma lysophosphatidylcholine in vivo by the brain of squirrel monkeys. Biochem J 1972; 130:557-67. [PMID: 4198083 PMCID: PMC1174436 DOI: 10.1042/bj1300557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
1. Adult squirrel monkeys were injected intravenously with doubly labelled lysophosphatidylcholine (a mixture of 1-[1-(14)C]palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine and 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoryl[Me-(3)H]choline; (3)H:(14)Cratio 3.75) complexed to albumin, and the incorporation into the brain was studied at times up to 3h. 2. After 20min, 1% of the radioactivity injected as lysophosphatidylcholine had been taken up by the brain. 3. Approx. 70% of the doubly labelled lysophosphatidylcholine taken up by both grey and white matter was converted into phosphatidylcholine, whereas about 30% was hydrolysed. 4. The absence of significant radioactivity in the phosphatidylcholine, free fatty acid and water-soluble fractions of plasma up to 30min after injection of doubly labelled lysophosphatidylcholine rules out the possibility that the rapid labelling of these compounds in brain could be due to uptake from or exchange with their counterparts in plasma. 5. The similarity between the (3)H:(14)C ratios of brain phosphatidylcholine and injected lysophosphatidylcholine demonstrates that formation of the former occurred predominantly via direct acylation. 6. Analysis of the water-soluble products from lysophosphatidylcholine catabolism revealed that appreciable glycerophosphoryl-[Me-(3)H]choline did not accumulate in the brain and that radioactivity was incorporated into choline, acetylcholine, phosphorylcholine and betaine. 7. The role of plasma lysophosphatidylcholine as both a precursor of brain phosphatidylcholine and a source of free choline for the brain is discussed.
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80
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Masao A, Toyoaki A, Kimiyoshi O. The formation of lecithin from lysolecithin in rat lung supernatant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(72)90094-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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81
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82
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van den Bosch H, van Golde LM, van Deenen LL. Dynamics of phosphoglycerides. ERGEBNISSE DER PHYSIOLOGIE, BIOLOGISCHEN CHEMIE UND EXPERIMENTELLEN PHARMAKOLOGIE 1972; 66:13-145. [PMID: 4566505 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-05882-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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83
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Toyoaki A, Masao A, Tatsuo A. Studies on the biosynthetic pathways of molecular species of lecithin by rat lung slices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(71)90015-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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84
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SHOHET STEPHENB. The apparent transfer of fatty acid from phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylethanolamine in human erythrocytes. J Lipid Res 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)39522-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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85
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PORTMAN OSCARW, SOLTYS PATRICIA, ALEXANDER MANFRED, OSUGA TOSHIAKI. Metabolism of lysolecithin in vivo: effects of hyperlipemia and atherosclerosis in squirrel monkeys. J Lipid Res 1970. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)42944-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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86
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Shohet SB, Nathan DG. Incorporation of phosphatide precursors from serum into erythrocytes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 202:202-5. [PMID: 5417190 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(70)90237-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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87
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88
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Hörtnagl H, Winkler H, Hörtnagl H. The subcellular distribution of lysophospholipase in bovine adrenal medulla. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1969; 10:243-8. [PMID: 4309866 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1969.tb00680.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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89
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90
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Nachbaur J, Colbeau A, Vignais PM. Incorporation of fatty acids into the outer and inner membranes of isolated rat liver mitochondria. FEBS Lett 1969; 3:121-124. [PMID: 11946985 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(69)80113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Acyl-CoA: phospholipid acyl-transferase activity as well as phospholipase A activity were detected in inner and outer membrane preparations from rat liver mitochondria. Both enzyme systems have an optimum pH around 8 and act preferentially on phosphatidylethanolamine. While phospholipase A activity is much lower in the inner membrane than in the outer membrane of mitochondria the reverse is true for the incorporation of (14C)-oleic acid into endogenous phosphatidylethanolamine. These results bring an indirect evidence that the inner membrane per se possesses a phospholipase A activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nachbaur
- Biochimie, C.E.N.-G. et Faculté de Médecine, Cédex 85, 38 -, Grenoble-Gare, France
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91
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Portman OW, Alexander M. Lysophosphatidylcholine concentrations and metabolism in aortic intima plus inner media: effect of nutritionally induced atherosclerosis. J Lipid Res 1969. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)42662-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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92
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van den Bosch H, Aarsman AJ, Slotboom AJ, van Deenen LL. On the specificity of rat-liver lysophospholipase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1968; 164:215-25. [PMID: 5721024 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(68)90148-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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93
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Abstract
Incorporation in vitro of (32)P-labeled lysolecithin (LPC) or lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) into respectively lecithin (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) of rabbit granulocytes and alveolar macrophages was compared in the absence and in the presence of ingestible particles. Maximal synthesis of PC by intact cells occurred at added LPC concentrations of less than 0.05 mmole/liter, i.e., at levels found in plasma. Accumulation of PC-(32)P proceeded linearly for at least 30 min and varied directly with cell concentration. While per cell granulocytes and macrophages converted comparable amounts of medium LPC to cellular PC, per milligram of protein, the granulocytes were approximately four times more active than the much larger macrophages. After 30 min newly synthesized PC-(32)P represented as much as 5% of total granulocyte PC. For macrophages this fraction did not exceed 1%. Addition of polystyrene or zymosan particles to the cell suspension resulted in up to 3-fold stimulation of incorporation of LPC-(32)P or LPE-(32)P into their respective diacyl derivatives. This stimulation did not occur when the cells were homogenized. Breakdown of LPC to water-soluble products during phagocytosis of polystyrene particles was the same as at rest. By use of doubly labeled LPC, the mechanism of PC synthesis by the two cell types has been identified as direct acylation of medium LPC, both at rest and during engulfment. Evidence presented in the case of granulocytes suggests that the increased translocation of medium LPC-(32)P during phagocytosis and its conversion to PC represents net synthesis. The findings indicate that LPC, a normal constituent of plasma, can serve as substrate in PC synthesis by phagocytic cells. This mechanism of PC synthesis can account for appreciable addition of membrane PC, especially by granulocytes. It is proposed that stimulation of this pathway provides building blocks for increased membrane formation during phagocytosis.
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Van Den Bosch H, Van Golde MG, Slotboom AJ, Van Deenen LL. The acylation of isomeric monoacyl phosphatidylcholines. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1968; 152:694-703. [PMID: 5660084 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(68)90115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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95
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Deykin D, Desser RK. The incorporation of acetate and palmitate into lipids by human platelets. J Clin Invest 1968; 47:1590-602. [PMID: 5658590 PMCID: PMC297317 DOI: 10.1172/jci105851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The optimal conditions for the incorporation of acetate-1-(14)C and palmitic acid-1-(14)C into platelet lipids have been described. In buffer incubations with acetate there was a sharp pH optimum at 6.8; in plasma incubations, there was a broad pH optimum between 6.8-7.4. Maximal incorporation of acetate occurred at a final concentration of 1.5 mmoles/liter. In buffer, no labeled lipids were released from platelets into the medium. In plasma, 40% of newly formed lipids was recovered in the plasma. 75% of the incorporated acetate could be recovered in ceramide, lecithin, and free fatty acids. Platelet fatty acids were formed both by de novo synthesis and chain elongation. The fatty acids formed by de novo synthesis exchanged with plasma free fatty acids. In buffer incubations no turnover of newly labeled lipids occurred, but in the plasma incubations exchange of newly labeled lecithin with plasma lipids was demonstrable. Palmitic acid-1-(14)C added to plasma was incorporated into platelet lipids. The distribution among the lipid classes of palmitate taken up from plasma was the same as that of palmitate formed intracellularly by de novo synthesis.
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97
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Abstract
A sensitive method for assay of phospholipase A activity in the lateral line muscle of rainbow trout is described. 14C labelled lecithin was converted to lysolecithin by the enzyme. Unreacted lecithin was removed by silicic acid column chromatography and the lysolecithin recovered by thin-layer chromatography. The amount of lysolecithin formed was between 43 and 87 mμmoles per gram lateral line muscle per hour under the experimental conditions. The amount formed was directly proportional to time between half an hour and 4 hr and the optimum pH was found to be approximately 7.5. The results are discussed in relation to the enzymic activity previously demonstrated in fish muscle.
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98
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Khan MA, Hodgson E. Phospholipase activity in Musca domestica L. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1967; 23:899-910. [PMID: 4295009 DOI: 10.1016/0010-406x(67)90350-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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99
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Metabolism of lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine and lysophosphatidyl choline by homogenates of rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes and alveolar macrophages. J Lipid Res 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)39567-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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100
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Waite M, van Deenen LL. Hydrolysis of phospholipids and glycerides by rat-liver preparations. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1967; 137:498-517. [PMID: 6049945 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(67)90131-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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