51
|
Kudriaeva AA, Sokolov AV, Belogurov AAJ. Stochastics of Degradation: The Autophagic-Lysosomal System of the Cell. Acta Naturae 2020; 12:18-32. [PMID: 32477595 PMCID: PMC7245954 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.10936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conservative and evolutionarily ancient process that enables the
transfer of various cellular compounds, organelles, and potentially dangerous
cellular components to the lysosome for their degradation. This process is
crucial for the recycling of energy and substrates, which are required for
cellular biosynthesis. Autophagy not only plays a major role in the survival of
cells under stress conditions, but is also actively involved in maintaining
cellular homeostasis. It has multiple effects on the immune system and cellular
remodeling during organism development. The effectiveness of autophagy is
ensured by a controlled interaction between two organelles – the
autophagosome and the lysosome. Despite significant progress in the description
of the molecular mechanisms underlying autophagic-lysosomal system (ALS)
functioning, many fundamental questions remain. Namely, the specialized
functions of lysosomes and the role of ALS in the pathogenesis of human
diseases are still enigmatic. Understanding of the mechanisms that are
triggered at all stages of autophagic- lysosomal degradation, from the
initiation of autophagy to the terminal stage of substrate destruction in the
lysosome, may result in new approaches that could help better uderstand ALS
and, therefore, selectively control cellular proteostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Kudriaeva
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - A. V. Sokolov
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - A. A. Jr. Belogurov
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, 117997 Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Ford MM, Smythers AL, McConnell EW, Lowery SC, Kolling DRJ, Hicks LM. Inhibition of TOR in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Leads to Rapid Cysteine Oxidation Reflecting Sustained Physiological Changes. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101171. [PMID: 31569396 PMCID: PMC6829209 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase is a master metabolic regulator with roles in nutritional sensing, protein translation, and autophagy. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a unicellular green alga, TOR has been linked to the regulation of increased triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation, suggesting that TOR or a downstream target(s) is responsible for the elusive “lipid switch” in control of increasing TAG accumulation under nutrient limitation. However, while TOR has been well characterized in mammalian systems, it is still poorly understood in photosynthetic systems, and little work has been done to show the role of oxidative signaling in TOR regulation. In this study, the TOR inhibitor AZD8055 was used to relate reversible thiol oxidation to the physiological changes seen under TOR inhibition, including increased TAG content. Using oxidized cysteine resin-assisted capture enrichment coupled with label-free quantitative proteomics, 401 proteins were determined to have significant changes in oxidation following TOR inhibition. These oxidative changes mirrored characterized physiological modifications, supporting the role of reversible thiol oxidation in TOR regulation of TAG production, protein translation, carbohydrate catabolism, and photosynthesis through the use of reversible thiol oxidation. The delineation of redox-controlled proteins under TOR inhibition provides a framework for further characterization of the TOR pathway in photosynthetic eukaryotes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Ford
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Amanda L Smythers
- Department of Chemistry, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA.
| | - Evan W McConnell
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Sarah C Lowery
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | | | - Leslie M Hicks
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Iida T, Minagawa Y, Ueno H, Kawai F, Murata T, Iino R. Single-molecule analysis reveals rotational substeps and chemo-mechanical coupling scheme of Enterococcus hirae V 1-ATPase. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:17017-17030. [PMID: 31519751 PMCID: PMC6851342 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
V1-ATPase (V1), the catalytic domain of an ion-pumping V-ATPase, is a molecular motor that converts ATP hydrolysis-derived chemical energy into rotation. Here, using a gold nanoparticle probe, we directly observed rotation of V1 from the pathogen Enterococcus hirae (EhV1). We found that 120° steps in each ATP hydrolysis event are divided into 40 and 80° substeps. In the main pause before the 40° substep and at low ATP concentration ([ATP]), the time constant was inversely proportional to [ATP], indicating that ATP binds during the main pause with a rate constant of 1.0 × 107 m-1 s-1 At high [ATP], we observed two [ATP]-independent time constants (0.5 and 0.7 ms). One of two time constants was prolonged (144 ms) in a rotation driven by slowly hydrolyzable ATPγS, indicating that ATP is cleaved during the main pause. In another subpause before the 80° substep, we noted an [ATP]-independent time constant (2.5 ms). Furthermore, in an ATP-driven rotation of an arginine-finger mutant in the presence of ADP, -80 and -40° backward steps were observed. The time constants of the pauses before -80° backward and +40° recovery steps were inversely proportional to [ADP] and [ATP], respectively, indicating that ADP- and ATP-binding events trigger these steps. Assuming that backward steps are reverse reactions, we conclude that 40 and 80° substeps are triggered by ATP binding and ADP release, respectively, and that the remaining time constant in the main pause represents phosphate release. We propose a chemo-mechanical coupling scheme of EhV1, including substeps largely different from those of F1-ATPases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Iida
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.,Department of Functional Molecular Science, School of Physical Sciences, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Minagawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Kawai
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Takeshi Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Ryota Iino
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan .,Department of Functional Molecular Science, School of Physical Sciences, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Structure Determination by Single-Particle Cryo-Electron Microscopy: Only the Sky (and Intrinsic Disorder) is the Limit. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174186. [PMID: 31461845 PMCID: PMC6747279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy represent major workhorses of structural biologists, with the lion share of protein structures reported in protein data bank (PDB) being generated by these powerful techniques. Despite their wide utilization in protein structure determination, these two techniques have logical limitations, with X-ray crystallography being unsuitable for the analysis of highly dynamic structures and with NMR spectroscopy being restricted to the analysis of relatively small proteins. In recent years, we have witnessed an explosive development of the techniques based on Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) for structural characterization of biological molecules. In fact, single-particle Cryo-EM is a special niche as it is a technique of choice for the structural analysis of large, structurally heterogeneous, and dynamic complexes. Here, sub-nanometer atomic resolution can be achieved (i.e., resolution below 10 Å) via single-particle imaging of non-crystalline specimens, with accurate 3D reconstruction being generated based on the computational averaging of multiple 2D projection images of the same particle that was frozen rapidly in solution. We provide here a brief overview of single-particle Cryo-EM and show how Cryo-EM has revolutionized structural investigations of membrane proteins. We also show that the presence of intrinsically disordered or flexible regions in a target protein represents one of the major limitations of this promising technique.
Collapse
|
55
|
Mohammad AH, Assadian S, Couture F, Lefebvre KJ, El-Assaad W, Barrès V, Ouellet V, Boulay PL, Yang J, Latour M, Furic L, Muller W, Sonenberg N, Mes-Masson AM, Saad F, Day R, Teodoro JG. V-ATPase-associated prorenin receptor is upregulated in prostate cancer after PTEN loss. Oncotarget 2019; 10:4923-4936. [PMID: 31452834 PMCID: PMC6697641 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) tumor suppressor protein loss is common in prostate cancer (PCa). PTEN loss increases PI3K/Akt signaling, which promotes cell growth and survival. To find secreted biomarkers of PTEN loss, a proteomic screen was used to compare secretomes of cells with and without PTEN expression. We showed that PTEN downregulates Prorenin Receptor (PRR) expression and secretion of soluble Prorenin Receptor (sPRR) in PCa cells and in mouse. PRR is an accessory protein required for assembly of the vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) complex. V-ATPase is required for lysosomal acidification, amino acid sensing, efficient mechanistic target of Rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation, and β-Catenin signaling. On PCa tissue microarrays, PRR expression displayed a positive correlation with Akt phosphorylation. Moreover, PRR expression was required for proliferation of PCa cells by maintaining V-ATPase function. Further, we provided evidence for a potential clinical role for PRR expression and sPRR concentration in differentiating low from high Gleason grade PCa. Overall, the current study unveils a mechanism by which PTEN can inhibit tumor growth. Lower levels of PRR result in attenuated V-ATPase activity and reduced PCa cell proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amro H Mohammad
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sarah Assadian
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Couture
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Department of Surgery and Urology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Karen J Lefebvre
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Wissal El-Assaad
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Veronique Barrès
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Veronique Ouellet
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre-Luc Boulay
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jieyi Yang
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Latour
- Department of Pathology, CHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Luc Furic
- Prostate Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - William Muller
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Fred Saad
- Department of Surgery, CHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert Day
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Department of Surgery and Urology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Jose G Teodoro
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Sato K, Miyata K, Ozawa S, Hasegawa K. Systemic RNAi of V-ATPase subunit B causes molting defect and developmental abnormalities in Periplaneta fuliginosa. INSECT SCIENCE 2019; 26:721-731. [PMID: 29285882 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The vacuolar (H+ )-ATPases (V-ATPases) are ATP-driven proton pumps with multiple functions in many organisms. In this study, we performed structural and functional analysis of vha55 gene that encodes V-ATPase subunit B in the smokybrown cockroach Periplaneta fuliginosa (Blattodea). We observed a high homology score of the deduced amino acid sequences between 10 species in seven orders. RNAi of the vha55 gene in P. fuliginosa caused nymphal/nymphal molting defects with incomplete shedding of old cuticles, growth inhibition, as well as bent and wrinkled cuticles of thoraxes and abdominal segments. Since growth inhibition caused by vha55 RNAi did not interfere in the commencement of cockroach molting, molting timing and body growth might be controlled by independent mechanism. Our study suggested V-ATPases might be a good candidate molecule for evolutionary and developmental studies of insect molting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Sato
- Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Saga University, Honjo 1, Saga, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Keita Miyata
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sota Ozawa
- Department of Environmental Biology, College of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koichi Hasegawa
- Department of Environmental Biology, College of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Paha J, Kanjanasirirat P, Munyoo B, Tuchinda P, Suvannang N, Nantasenamat C, Boonyarattanakalin K, Kittakoop P, Srikor S, Kongklad G, Rangkasenee N, Hongeng S, Utaisincharoen P, Borwornpinyo S, Ponpuak M. A novel potent autophagy inhibitor ECDD-S27 targets vacuolar ATPase and inhibits cancer cell survival. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9177. [PMID: 31235856 PMCID: PMC6591302 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45641-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved lysosomal-dependent cellular degradation process and its dysregulation has been linked to numerous diseases including neurodegeneration, infectious diseases, and cancer. Modulation of autophagy is therefore considered as an attractive target for disease intervention. We carried out a high-content image analysis screen of natural product-derived compounds to discover novel autophagy modulating molecules. Our screen identified ECDD-S27 as the most effective compound for increasing the number of autophagic vacuoles inside cells. The structure of ECDD-S27 revealed that it is a derivative of cleistanthin A, a natural arylnaphthalene lignan glycoside found in plants. ECDD-S27 increases the number of autophagic vacuoles by inhibiting the autophagic flux and is able to restrict the survival of different cancer cells at low nanomolar concentrations. Molecular docking and SERS analysis showed that ECDD-S27 may potentially target the V-ATPase. Upon treatment of various cancer cells with ECDD-S27, the V-ATPase activity is potently inhibited thereby resulting in the loss of lysosomal acidification. Taken together, these data indicated that ECDD-S27 retards the autophagy pathway by targeting the V-ATPase and inhibits cancer cell survival. The observed antitumor activity without cytotoxicity to normal cells suggests the therapeutic potential warranting further studies on lead optimization of the compound for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiraporn Paha
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Phongthon Kanjanasirirat
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Bamroong Munyoo
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Patoomratana Tuchinda
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Naravut Suvannang
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Chanin Nantasenamat
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | | | - Prasat Kittakoop
- Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand.,Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chemical Biology Program, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirawit Srikor
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Gunganist Kongklad
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Noppawan Rangkasenee
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Pongsak Utaisincharoen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Suparerk Borwornpinyo
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Marisa Ponpuak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Li J, Liu G, Ihsan A, Yi X, Wang DG, Cheng H, Muhammad A, Huang XJ. Effects of Veratrilla baillonii Extract on Hepatic Gene Expression Profiles in Response to Aconitum brachypodum-Induced Liver Toxicity in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:568. [PMID: 31214025 PMCID: PMC6555156 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This manuscript was aimed to explore the hepato-protective effect of water extract of Veratrilla baillonii Franch. (Gentianaceae) (WVBF) on serious hepatic toxicity induced in mice treated with Aconitum brachypodum Diels (Ranunculaceae) at transcriptome level. The physiological and pathological symptoms were evaluated as the markers for hepato toxicity induced by A. brachypodum Diels (CFA) extracted compounds. Moreover, gene chip method was used to compare and investigate the gene expression level of WVBF on CFA induced-liver toxicity to identify the potential target of WVBF and CFA on liver. The results showed that WVBF had a significant detoxification effect on CFA-induced acute hepatic toxicity. There were 130 genes with lower expression and 124 genes expressed at higher rate in CFA treated group as compared with normal control group, while there are 67 genes down-regulated and 74 genes up-regulated in WVBF treated group in comparison with CFA treated group. WVBF could attenuate CFA-induced liver damage in mice through regulating oxidative stress, inflammatory injury and cell apoptosis/necrosis pathways. On the other hand, WVBF and CFA may have potential synergetic effects on the target genes of certain diseases such as inflammation, cancer and diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Awais Ihsan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Xuejia Yi
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Da-Gui Wang
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Azhar Muhammad
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Xian-Ju Huang
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Kuang L, Chen S, Guo Y, Ma H. Quantitative Proteome Analysis Reveals Changes in the Protein Landscape During Grape Berry Development With a Focus on Vacuolar Transport Proteins. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:641. [PMID: 31156689 PMCID: PMC6530609 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The vacuole plays a central role in fruit growth and quality formation, yet its proteomic landscape is largely unknown. In the present study, a protocol for isolating intact vacuoles from grape flesh tissue was successfully established. Quantitative proteome analysis identified 2533 proteins from five sampling dates along Cabernet Sauvignon berry development from stage I to III; among them, 1443 proteins were identified on all five sampling dates in at least two biological replicates per sample and were designated core proteome, and 1820 were recruited as differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) by sequential pairwise comparisons using arbitrary fold change of >1.5 and P < 0.05. Metabolism consistently constituted the largest category of identified proteins for both core proteome and DAPs, together with a consistently high proportion of protein-fate category proteins, indicating that the classic lytic functions of vegetative cell vacuoles are maintained throughout berry development; accumulation of metabolites involved in high sugar and other berry qualities in the late developmental stage added to the conventional lytic role of the flesh cell vacuoles. Overall increases in abundance of the DAPs were seen in the transporter proteins, membrane fusion/vesicle trafficking, and protein-fate categories, and decreased abundance was seen for DAPs in the stress, energy and cytoskeleton categories as berry development progressed. A very pronounced proteomic change was revealed between late stage I and mid stage II, with 915 increased and 114 decreased DAPs, demonstrating a significant surge of the vacuolar proteome underlying the rather static phenotypical and physiological phase. We identified 161 transport proteins with differential abundance, including proton pumps, aquaporins, sugar transporters, ATP-binding cassette transporters and ion transport proteins, together with organic compound transport proteins, the highest number and variety of berry tonoplast transporters found in grape proteome efforts to date. We further found a pre-positive increment of 96 transport proteins from the middle of stage II, before the berry undergoes its dramatic physiological changes at and following véraison. Our results are the first to describe the proteome of a vacuole-enriched preparation, toward understanding the functions of the largest compartment in berry cells during grape growth and ripening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Kuang
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shangwu Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Guo
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqin Ma
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Crummy E, Mani M, Thellman JC, Martin TFJ. The priming factor CAPS1 regulates dense-core vesicle acidification by interacting with rabconnectin3β/WDR7 in neuroendocrine cells. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:9402-9415. [PMID: 31004036 PMCID: PMC6579465 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacuolar-type H+-ATPases (V-ATPases) contribute to pH regulation and play key roles in secretory and endocytic pathways. Dense-core vesicles (DCVs) in neuroendocrine cells are maintained at an acidic pH, which is part of the electrochemical driving force for neurotransmitter loading and is required for hormonal propeptide processing. Genetic loss of CAPS1 (aka calcium-dependent activator protein for secretion, CADPS), a vesicle-bound priming factor required for DCV exocytosis, dissipates the pH gradient across DCV membranes and reduces neurotransmitter loading. However, the basis for CAPS1 binding to DCVs and for its regulation of vesicle pH has not been determined. Here, MS analysis of CAPS1 immunoprecipitates from brain membrane fractions revealed that CAPS1 associates with a rabconnectin3 (Rbcn3) complex comprising Dmx-like 2 (DMXL2) and WD repeat domain 7 (WDR7) proteins. Using immunofluorescence microscopy, we found that Rbcn3α/DMXL2 and Rbcn3β/WDR7 colocalize with CAPS1 on DCVs in human neuroendocrine (BON) cells. The shRNA-mediated knockdown of Rbcn3β/WDR7 redistributed CAPS1 from DCVs to the cytosol, indicating that Rbcn3β/WDR7 is essential for optimal DCV localization of CAPS1. Moreover, cell-free experiments revealed direct binding of CAPS1 to Rbcn3β/WDR7, and cell assays indicated that Rbcn3β/WDR7 recruits soluble CAPS1 to membranes. As anticipated by the reported association of Rbcn3 with V-ATPase, we found that knocking down CAPS1, Rbcn3α, or Rbcn3β in neuroendocrine cells impaired rates of DCV reacidification. These findings reveal a basis for CAPS1 binding to DCVs and for CAPS1 regulation of V-ATPase activity via Rbcn3β/WDR7 interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Crummy
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Muralidharan Mani
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - John C Thellman
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Thomas F J Martin
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Structural model of a2-subunit N-terminus and its binding interface for Arf-GEF CTH2: Implication for regulation of V-ATPase, CTH2 function and rational drug design. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2019; 83:77-106. [PMID: 31196611 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We have previously identified the interaction between mammalian V-ATPase a2-subunit isoform and cytohesin-2 (CTH2) and studied molecular details of binding between these proteins. In particular, we found that six peptides derived from the N-terminal cytosolic domain of a2 subunit (a2N1-402) are involved in interaction with CTH2 (Merkulova, Bakulina, Thaker, Grüber, & Marshansky, 2010). However, the actual 3D binding interface was not determined in that study due to the lack of high-resolution structural information about a-subunits of V-ATPase. Here, using a combination of homology modeling and NMR analysis, we generated the structural model of complete a2N1-402 and uncovered the CTH2-binding interface. First, using the crystal-structure of the bacterial M. rubber Icyt-subunit of A-ATPase as a template (Srinivasan, Vyas, Baker, & Quiocho, 2011), we built a homology model of mammalian a2N1-352 fragment. Next, we combined it with the determined NMR structures of peptides a2N368-395 and a2N386-402 of the C-terminal section of a2N1-402. The complete molecular model of a2N1-402 revealed that six CTH2 interacting peptides are clustered in the distal and proximal lobe sub-domains of a2N1-402. Our data indicate that the proximal lobe sub-domain is the major interacting site with the Sec7 domain of first CTH2 protein, while the distal lobe sub-domain of a2N1-402 interacts with the PH-domain of second CTH2. Indeed, using Sec7/Arf-GEF activity assay we experimentally confirmed our model. The interface formed by peptides a2N1-17 and a2N35-49 is involved in specific interaction with Sec7 domain and regulation of GEF activity. These data are critical for understanding of the cross-talk between V-ATPase and CTH2 as well as for the rational drug design to regulate their function.
Collapse
|
62
|
The emerging interrelation between ROCO and related kinases, intracellular Ca 2+ signaling, and autophagy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1866:1054-1067. [PMID: 30582936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ROCO kinases form a family of proteins characterized by kinase activity in addition to the presence of the so-called ROC (Ras of complex proteins)/COR (C-terminal of ROC) domains having a role in their GTPase activity. These are the death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) 1 and the leucine-rich repeat kinases (LRRK) 1 and 2. These kinases all play roles in cellular life and death decisions and in autophagy in particular. Related to the ROCO kinases is DAPK 2 that however cannot be classified as a ROCO protein due to the absence of the ROC/COR domains. This review aims to bring together what is known about the relation between these proteins and intracellular Ca2+ signals in the induction and regulation of autophagy. Interestingly, DAPK 1 and 2 and LRRK2 are all linked to Ca2+ signaling in their effects on autophagy, though in various ways. Present evidence supports an upstream role for LRRK2 that via lysosomal and endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release can trigger autophagy induction. In contrast herewith, DAPK1 and 2 react on existing Ca2+ signals to stimulate the autophagic pathway. Further research will be needed for obtaining a full understanding of the role of these various kinases in autophagy and to assess their exact relation with intracellular Ca2+ signaling as this would be helpful in the development of novel therapeutic strategies against neurodegenerative disorders, cancer and auto-immune diseases. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: ECS Meeting edited by Claus Heizmann, Joachim Krebs and Jacques Haiech.
Collapse
|
63
|
Mustaly-Kalimi S, Littlefield AM, Stutzmann GE. Calcium Signaling Deficits in Glia and Autophagic Pathways Contributing to Neurodegenerative Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1158-1175. [PMID: 29634342 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Numerous cellular processes and signaling mechanisms have been identified that contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology; however, a comprehensive or unifying pathway that binds together the major disease features remains elusive. As an upstream mechanism, altered calcium (Ca2+) signaling is a common driving force for many pathophysiological events that emerge during normal aging and development of neurodegenerative disease. Recent Advances: Over the previous three decades, accumulated evidence has validated the concept that intracellular Ca2+ dysregulation is centrally involved in AD pathogenesis, including the aggregation of pathogenic β-amyloid (Aβ) and phospho-τ species, synapse loss and dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and neurotoxicity. CRITICAL ISSUES Although neuronal Ca2+ signaling within the cytosol and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been well studied, other critical central nervous system-resident cell types affected by aberrant Ca2+ signaling, such as astrocytes and microglia, have not been considered as thoroughly. In addition, certain intracellular Ca2+-harboring organelles have been well studied, such as the ER and mitochondria; however other critical Ca2+-regulated organelles, such as lysosomes and autophagosomes, have only more recently been investigated. In this review, we examine Ca2+ dysregulation in microglia and astrocytes, as well as key intracellular organelles important for cellular maintenance and protein handling. Ca2+ dysregulation within these non-neuronal cells and organelles is hypothesized to disrupt the effective clearance of misaggregated proteins and cellular signaling pathways needed for memory networks. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Overall, we aim to explore how these disrupted mechanisms could be involved in AD pathology and consider their role as potential therapeutic targets. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 1158-1175.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mustaly-Kalimi
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science , North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alyssa M Littlefield
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science , North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Grace E Stutzmann
- 2 Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science , North Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Saqib M, Mishra BB. V-ATPase in cancer progression: Two sides of the same coin. Oncotarget 2018; 9:35197-35198. [PMID: 30443284 PMCID: PMC6219664 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Saqib
- Bibhuti B. Mishra: Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Bibhuti B Mishra
- Bibhuti B. Mishra: Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Rao VK, Zavala G, Deb Roy A, Mains RE, Eipper BA. A pH-sensitive luminal His-cluster promotes interaction of PAM with V-ATPase along the secretory and endocytic pathways of peptidergic cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8683-8697. [PMID: 30317586 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthetic and endocytic pathways of secretory cells are characterized by progressive luminal acidification, a process which is crucial for posttranslational modifications and membrane trafficking. This progressive fall in luminal pH is mainly achieved by the vacuolar-type-H+ ATPase (V-ATPase). V-ATPases are large, evolutionarily ancient rotary proton pumps that consist of a peripheral V1 complex, which hydrolyzes ATP, and an integral membrane V0 complex, which transports protons from the cytosol into the lumen. Upon sensing the desired luminal pH, V-ATPase activity is regulated by reversible dissociation of the complex into its V1 and V0 components. Molecular details of how intraluminal pH is sensed and transmitted to the cytosol are not fully understood. Peptidylglycine α-amidating mono-oxygenase (PAM; EC 1.14.17.3), a secretory pathway membrane enzyme which shares similar topology with two V-ATPase accessory proteins (Ac45 and prorenin receptor), has a pH-sensitive luminal linker region. Immunofluorescence and sucrose gradient analysis of peptidergic cells (AtT-20) identified distinct subcellular compartments exhibiting spatial co-occurrence of PAM and V-ATPase. In vitro binding assays demonstrated direct binding of the cytosolic domain of PAM to V1H. Blue native PAGE identified heterogeneous high-molecular weight complexes of PAM and V-ATPase. A PAM-1 mutant (PAM-1/H3A) with altered pH sensitivity had diminished ability to form high-molecular weight complexes. In addition, V-ATPase assembly status was altered in PAM-1/H3A expressing cells. Our analysis of the secretory and endocytic pathways of peptidergic cells supports the hypothesis that PAM serves as a luminal pH-sensor, regulating V-ATPase action by altering its assembly status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishwanatha K Rao
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Gerardo Zavala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas
| | - Abhijit Deb Roy
- Richard D. Berlin Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Richard E Mains
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Betty A Eipper
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Harrison MA, Muench SP. The Vacuolar ATPase - A Nano-scale Motor That Drives Cell Biology. Subcell Biochem 2018; 87:409-459. [PMID: 29464568 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-7757-9_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) is a ~1 MDa membrane protein complex that couples the hydrolysis of cytosolic ATP to the transmembrane movement of protons. In essentially all eukaryotic cells, this acid pumping function plays critical roles in the acidification of endosomal/lysosomal compartments and hence in transport, recycling and degradative pathways. It is also important in acid extrusion across the plasma membrane of some cells, contributing to homeostatic control of cytoplasmic pH and maintenance of appropriate extracellular acidity. The complex, assembled from up to 30 individual polypeptides, operates as a molecular motor with rotary mechanics. Historically, structural inferences about the eukaryotic V-ATPase and its subunits have been made by comparison to the structures of bacterial homologues. However, more recently, we have developed a much better understanding of the complete structure of the eukaryotic complex, in particular through advances in cryo-electron microscopy. This chapter explores these recent developments, and examines what they now reveal about the catalytic mechanism of this essential proton pump and how its activity might be regulated in response to cellular signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Harrison
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Steven P Muench
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Chiramel AI, Best SM. Role of autophagy in Zika virus infection and pathogenesis. Virus Res 2018; 254:34-40. [PMID: 28899653 PMCID: PMC5844781 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular pathway that culminates in lysosomal degradation of selected substrates. Autophagy can serve dual roles in virus infection with either pro- or antiviral functions depending on the virus and the stage of the viral replication cycle. Recent studies have suggested a role for autophagy in Zika virus (ZIKV) replication by demonstrating the accumulation of autophagic vesicles following ZIKV infection in both in vitro and in vivo models. In human fetal neural stem cells, ZIKV inhibits Akt-mTOR signaling to induce autophagy, increase virus replication and impede neurogenesis. However, autophagy also has the potential to limit ZIKV replication, with separate studies demonstrating antiviral roles for autophagy at the maternal-placental-fetal interface, and more specifically, at the endoplasmic reticulum where virus replication is established in an infected cell. Interestingly, ZIKV (and related flaviviruses) has evolved specific mechanisms to overcome autophagy at the ER, thus demonstrating important roles for these autophagic pathways in virus replication and host response. This review summarizes the known roles of autophagy in ZIKV replication and how they might influence virus tissue tropism and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhilash I Chiramel
- Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
| | - Sonja M Best
- Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Collins MP, Forgac M. Regulation of V-ATPase Assembly in Nutrient Sensing and Function of V-ATPases in Breast Cancer Metastasis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:902. [PMID: 30057555 PMCID: PMC6053528 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
V-ATPases are proton pumps that function to acidify intracellular compartments in all eukaryotic cells, and to transport protons across the plasma membrane of certain specialized cells. V-ATPases function in many normal and disease processes, including membrane traffic, protein degradation, pathogen entry, and cancer cell invasion. An important mechanism of regulating V-ATPase activity in vivo is regulated assembly, which is the reversible dissociation of the ATP-hydrolytic V1 domain from the proton-conducting V0 domain. Regulated assembly is highly conserved and occurs in response to various nutrient cues, suggesting that it plays an important role in cellular homeostasis. We have recently found that starvation of mammalian cells for either amino acids or glucose increases V-ATPase assembly on lysosomes, possibly to increase protein degradation (for amino acid homeostasis) or for the utilization of alternative energy sources (during glucose starvation). While regulation of assembly in response to amino acid starvation does not involve PI3K or mTORC1, glucose-regulated assembly involves both PI3K and AMPK. Another important form of V-ATPase regulation is the targeting of the enzyme to different cellular membranes, which is controlled by isoforms of subunit a. We have shown that V-ATPases are localized to the plasma membrane of highly invasive breast cancer cells, where they promote cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, overexpression of the a3 isoform is responsible for plasma membrane targeting of V-ATPases in breast tumor cells leading to their increased invasiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Collins
- Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael Forgac
- Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Hu H, Li H, Li J, Yu J, Tan L. Genome-wide association study identified ATP6V1H locus influencing cerebrospinal fluid BACE activity. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018; 19:75. [PMID: 29751835 PMCID: PMC5948839 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The activity of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) β-site APP cleaving enzyme (BACE) is a potential diagnostic biomarker for Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods A total of 340 non-Hispanic Caucasian participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort (ADNI) database were included in this study with quality-controlled CSF BACE and genotype data. Association of CSF BACE with the genetic variants of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was assessed using PLINK under the additive genetic model. The P values of all SNPs for CSF BACE were adjusted for multiple comparisons. Results One SNP (rs1481950) in the ATP6V1H gene reached genome-wide significance for associations with CSF BACE (P = 4.88 × 10− 9). The minor allele (G) of rs1481950 was associated with higher CSF BACE activity. Although seven SNPs in SNX31, RORA, CDH23, RGS20, LRRC4C, MAPK6PS1 and LOC105378355 did not reach genome-wide significance (P < 10− 8), they were identified as suggestive loci (P < 10− 5). Conclusion This study identified rs1481950 within ATP6V1H influencing human CSF BACE activity, which indicated that ATP6V1H gene may play some roles in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0603-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Wei People's Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Jieqiong Li
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jintai Yu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China. .,Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. .,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, Box 1207, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, No.5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China. .,Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
70
|
Farsi Z, Gowrisankaran S, Krunic M, Rammner B, Woehler A, Lafer EM, Mim C, Jahn R, Milosevic I. Clathrin coat controls synaptic vesicle acidification by blocking vacuolar ATPase activity. eLife 2018; 7:32569. [PMID: 29652249 PMCID: PMC5935483 DOI: 10.7554/elife.32569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Newly-formed synaptic vesicles (SVs) are rapidly acidified by vacuolar adenosine triphosphatases (vATPases), generating a proton electrochemical gradient that drives neurotransmitter loading. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is needed for the formation of new SVs, yet it is unclear when endocytosed vesicles acidify and refill at the synapse. Here, we isolated clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) from mouse brain to measure their acidification directly at the single vesicle level. We observed that the ATP-induced acidification of CCVs was strikingly reduced in comparison to SVs. Remarkably, when the coat was removed from CCVs, uncoated vesicles regained ATP-dependent acidification, demonstrating that CCVs contain the functional vATPase, yet its function is inhibited by the clathrin coat. Considering the known structures of the vATPase and clathrin coat, we propose a model in which the formation of the coat surrounds the vATPase and blocks its activity. Such inhibition is likely fundamental for the proper timing of SV refilling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Farsi
- Department of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sindhuja Gowrisankaran
- Synaptic Vesicle Dynamics Group, European Neuroscience Institute, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matija Krunic
- Synaptic Vesicle Dynamics Group, European Neuroscience Institute, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Andrew Woehler
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eileen M Lafer
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States.,Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States
| | - Carsten Mim
- Department for Biomedical Engineering and Health Solutions, Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Reinhard Jahn
- Department of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ira Milosevic
- Synaptic Vesicle Dynamics Group, European Neuroscience Institute, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
A small set of differentially expressed genes was associated with two color morphs in natural populations of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. Gene 2018; 651:23-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
72
|
Cooperative electrogenic proton transport pathways in the plasma membrane of the proton-secreting osteoclast. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:851-866. [PMID: 29550927 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2137-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A proton is a ubiquitous signaling ion. Many transmembrane H+ transport pathways either maintain pH homeostasis or generate acidic compartments. The osteoclast is a bone-resorbing cell, which degrades bone tissues by secreting protons and lysosomal enzymes into the resorption pit. The plasma membrane facing bone tissue (ruffled border), generated partly by fusion of lysosomes, may mimic H+ flux mechanisms regulating acidic vesicles. We identified three electrogenic H+-fluxes in osteoclast plasma membranes-a vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), a voltage-gated proton channel (Hv channel) and an acid-inducible H+-leak-whose electrophysiological profiles and regulation mechanisms differed. V-ATPase and Hv channel, both may have intracellular reservoirs, but the recruitment/internalization is regulated independently. V-ATPase mediates active H+ efflux, acidifying the resorption pit, while acid-inducible H+ leak, activated at an extracellular pH < 5.5, diminishes pit acidification, possibly to protect bone from excess degradation. The two-way H+ flux mechanisms in opposite directions may have advantages in fine regulation of pit pH. Hv channel mediates passive H+ efflux. Although its working ranges are limited, the amount of H+ extrusion is 100 times larger than those of the V-ATPase and may support reactive oxygen species production during osteoclastogenesis. Extracellular Ca2+, H+ and inorganic phosphate, which accumulate in the resorption pit, will either stimulate or inhibit these H+ fluxes. Skeletal integration is disrupted by too much or too less of bone resorption. Diversities in plasma membrane H+ flux pathways, which may co-operate or compete, are essential to adjust osteoclast functions in variable conditions.
Collapse
|
73
|
Dimitrov B, Himmelreich N, Hipgrave Ederveen AL, Lüchtenborg C, Okun JG, Breuer M, Hutter AM, Carl M, Guglielmi L, Hellwig A, Thiemann KC, Jost M, Peters V, Staufner C, Hoffmann GF, Hackenberg A, Paramasivam N, Wiemann S, Eils R, Schlesner M, Strahl S, Brügger B, Wuhrer M, Christoph Korenke G, Thiel C. Cutis laxa, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and altered cellular metabolomics as additional symptoms in a new patient with ATP6AP1-CDG. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 123:364-374. [PMID: 29396028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are genetic defects in the glycoconjugate biosynthesis. >100 types of CDG are known, most of them cause multi-organ diseases. Here we describe a boy whose leading symptoms comprise cutis laxa, pancreatic insufficiency and hepatosplenomegaly. Whole exome sequencing identified the novel hemizygous mutation c.542T>G (p.L181R) in the X-linked ATP6AP1, an accessory protein of the mammalian vacuolar H+-ATPase, which led to a general N-glycosylation deficiency. Studies of serum N-glycans revealed reduction of complex sialylated and appearance of truncated diantennary structures. Proliferation of the patient's fibroblasts was significantly reduced and doubling time prolonged. Additionally, there were alterations in the fibroblasts' amino acid levels and the acylcarnitine composition. Especially, short-chain species were reduced, whereas several medium- to long-chain acylcarnitines (C14-OH to C18) were elevated. Investigation of the main lipid classes revealed that total cholesterol was significantly enriched in the patient's fibroblasts at the expense of phophatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Within the minor lipid species, hexosylceramide was reduced, while its immediate precursor ceramide was increased. Since catalase activity and ACOX3 expression in peroxisomes were reduced, we assume an ATP6AP1-dependent impact on the β-oxidation of fatty acids. These results help to understand the complex clinical characteristics of this new patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Dimitrov
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nastassja Himmelreich
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Agnes L Hipgrave Ederveen
- Leiden University Medical Center, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Christian Lüchtenborg
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen G Okun
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Breuer
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna-Marlen Hutter
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Carl
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Laboratory of Translational Neurogenetics, Center for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 39123 Trento, Italy
| | - Luca Guglielmi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Laboratory of Translational Neurogenetics, Center for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 39123 Trento, Italy
| | - Andrea Hellwig
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Christian Thiemann
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Jost
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Peters
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Staufner
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg F Hoffmann
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annette Hackenberg
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nagarajan Paramasivam
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Bioinformatics and Omics Data Analytics (B240), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Genomics & Proteomics Core Facility, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland Eils
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB), BioQuant, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Bioinformatics and Omics Data Analytics (B240), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schlesner
- Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Bioinformatics and Omics Data Analytics (B240), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Strahl
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Glycobiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Britta Brügger
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Leiden University Medical Center, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - G Christoph Korenke
- Klinikum Oldenburg, Zentrum für Kinder-und Jugendmedizin, Klinik für Neuropädiatrie u. angeborene Stoffwechselerkrankungen, Rahel-Straus-Straße 10, 26133 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Christian Thiel
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Pamarthy S, Kulshrestha A, Katara GK, Beaman KD. The curious case of vacuolar ATPase: regulation of signaling pathways. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:41. [PMID: 29448933 PMCID: PMC5815226 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0811-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) is a proton pump responsible for controlling the intracellular and extracellular pH of cells. The structure of V-ATPase has been highly conserved among all eukaryotic cells and is involved in diverse functions across species. V-ATPase is best known for its acidification of endosomes and lysosomes and is also important for luminal acidification of specialized cells. Several reports have suggested the involvement of V-ATPase in maintaining an alkaline intracellular and acidic extracellular pH thereby aiding in proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells respectively. Increased expression of V-ATPase and relocation to the plasma membrane aids in cancer modulates key tumorigenic cell processes like autophagy, Warburg effect, immunomoduation, drug resistance and most importantly cancer cell signaling. In this review, we discuss the direct role of V-ATPase in acidification and indirect regulation of signaling pathways, particularly Notch Signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahithi Pamarthy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Arpita Kulshrestha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Gajendra K Katara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Kenneth D Beaman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Expression profiling and intracellular localization studies of the novel Proline-, Histidine-, and Glycine-rich protein 1 suggest an essential role in gastro-intestinal epithelium and a potential clinical application in colorectal cancer diagnostics. BMC Gastroenterol 2018; 18:26. [PMID: 29415677 PMCID: PMC5803922 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-018-0752-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The primary function of the intestines is the absorption of water and nutrients. Although our knowledge about these processes on the cellular level is extensive, a number of important intracellular elements remain unknown. Here, we characterize the novel proline-, histidine-, glycine-rich 1 (PHGR1) mRNA and protein on the molecular level and propose a functional role of the PHGR1 protein in the intestinal and gastric epithelium. Methods PHGR1 mRNA and protein expression in human tissues and cell lines were characterized by quantitative RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, Northern blotting, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Glycosylation was assessed by a chemical deglycosylation assay, whereas intracellular localization was studied by immunofluorescent staining of cell line cells. PHGR1 mRNA levels in HT29 cells was reduced by RNA interference and the resulting global changes in gene expression assessed by microarray hybridization. Results PHGR1 mRNA and protein were found to be expressed specifically in epithelial cells of intestinal mucosa, with the highest expression in the most mature and differentiated cells. PHGR1 protein was found to be glycosylated and to localize to both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Transcript profiling and gene ontology analysis of HT29 cells subjected to PHGR1 knockdown suggested a functional relationship with transport and metabolic processes. Examination of PHGR1 mRNA and protein levels in lymph nodes with known colorectal cancer metastases indicated that they may serve as biomarkers for detection of such metastases. Conclusions Functional analyses of the novel PHGR1 mRNA and protein suggest an essential role in gastrointestinal epithelium and a clinical application in detection of colorectal cancer lymph node metastases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12876-018-0752-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
76
|
Abstract
Mammalian AMPK is known to be activated by falling cellular energy status, signaled by rising AMP/ATP and ADP/ATP ratios. We review recent information about how this occurs but also discuss new studies suggesting that AMPK is able to sense glucose availability independently of changes in adenine nucleotides. The glycolytic intermediate fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) is sensed by aldolase, which binds to the v-ATPase on the lysosomal surface. In the absence of FBP, interactions between aldolase and the v-ATPase are altered, allowing formation of an AXIN-based AMPK-activation complex containing the v-ATPase, Ragulator, AXIN, LKB1, and AMPK, causing increased Thr172 phosphorylation and AMPK activation. This nutrient-sensing mechanism activates AMPK but also primes it for further activation if cellular energy status subsequently falls. Glucose sensing at the lysosome, in which AMPK and other components of the activation complex act antagonistically with another key nutrient sensor, mTORC1, may have been one of the ancestral roles of AMPK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Cai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiang'an Campus, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
| | - D Grahame Hardie
- Division of Cell Signalling & Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Wang D, Wu D, Yang X, Hong J. Transcriptomic analysis of thermotolerant yeastKluyveromyces marxianusin multiple inhibitors tolerance. RSC Adv 2018; 8:14177-14192. [PMID: 35540752 PMCID: PMC9079866 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00335a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Global transcriptional response ofK. marxianusto multiple inhibitors including acetic acid, phenols, furfural and HMF at 42 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- School of Life Sciences
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Dan Wu
- School of Life Sciences
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Yang
- School of Life Sciences
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Jiong Hong
- School of Life Sciences
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Nuriel T, Peng KY, Ashok A, Dillman AA, Figueroa HY, Apuzzo J, Ambat J, Levy E, Cookson MR, Mathews PM, Duff KE. The Endosomal-Lysosomal Pathway Is Dysregulated by APOE4 Expression in Vivo. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:702. [PMID: 29311783 PMCID: PMC5733017 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Possession of the ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE) is the major genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although numerous hypotheses have been proposed, the precise cause of this increased AD risk is not yet known. In order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of APOE4's role in AD, we performed RNA-sequencing on an AD-vulnerable vs. an AD-resistant brain region from aged APOE targeted replacement mice. This transcriptomics analysis revealed a significant enrichment of genes involved in endosomal–lysosomal processing, suggesting an APOE4-specific endosomal–lysosomal pathway dysregulation in the brains of APOE4 mice. Further analysis revealed clear differences in the morphology of endosomal–lysosomal compartments, including an age-dependent increase in the number and size of early endosomes in APOE4 mice. These findings directly link the APOE4 genotype to endosomal–lysosomal dysregulation in an in vivo, AD pathology-free setting, which may play a causative role in the increased incidence of AD among APOE4 carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tal Nuriel
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, Colombia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Katherine Y Peng
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Archana Ashok
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, Colombia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Allissa A Dillman
- Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Helen Y Figueroa
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, Colombia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Justin Apuzzo
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, United States
| | - Jayanth Ambat
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, Colombia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Efrat Levy
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, United States.,Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mark R Cookson
- Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Paul M Mathews
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Karen E Duff
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, Colombia University, New York, NY, United States.,Division of Integrative Neuroscience in the Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Naufer A, Hipolito VEB, Ganesan S, Prashar A, Zaremberg V, Botelho RJ, Terebiznik MR. pH of endophagosomes controls association of their membranes with Vps34 and PtdIns(3)P levels. J Cell Biol 2017; 217:329-346. [PMID: 29089378 PMCID: PMC5748975 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201702179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific changes in phospholipid content are a hallmark of the membranes of maturing endosomes and phagosomes, but is it unclear how this is controlled. Naufer et al. now show that acidification of the lumen of endosomes and phagosomes triggers dissociation of the Vps34 lipid kinase from these organelles, which terminates PtdIns(3)P synthesis and signaling. Phagocytosis of filamentous bacteria occurs through tubular phagocytic cups (tPCs) and takes many minutes to engulf these filaments into phagosomes. Contravening the canonical phagocytic pathway, tPCs mature by fusing with endosomes. Using this model, we observed the sequential recruitment of early and late endolysosomal markers to the elongating tPCs. Surprisingly, the regulatory early endosomal lipid phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) persists on tPCs as long as their luminal pH remains neutral. Interestingly, by manipulating cellular pH, we determined that PtdIns(3)P behaves similarly in canonical phagosomes as well as endosomes. We found that this is the product of a pH-based mechanism that induces the dissociation of the Vps34 class III phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase from these organelles as they acidify. The detachment of Vps34 stops the production of PtdIns(3)P, allowing for the turnover of this lipid by PIKfyve. Given that PtdIns(3)P-dependent signaling is important for multiple cellular pathways, this mechanism for pH-dependent regulation of Vps34 could be at the center of many PtdIns(3)P-dependent cellular processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amriya Naufer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Cell and System Biology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
| | - Victoria E B Hipolito
- Molecular Science Graduate Program, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Akriti Prashar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Cell and System Biology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vanina Zaremberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Roberto J Botelho
- Molecular Science Graduate Program, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada .,Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mauricio R Terebiznik
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada .,Department of Cell and System Biology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Singh D, Grüber G. Crystallographic and enzymatic insights into the mechanisms of Mg-ADP inhibition in the A 1 complex of the A 1A O ATP synthase. J Struct Biol 2017; 201:26-35. [PMID: 29074108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
F-ATP synthases are described to have mechanisms which regulate the unnecessary depletion of ATP pool during an energy limited state of the cell. Mg-ADP inhibition is one of the regulatory features where Mg-ADP gets entrapped in the catalytic site, preventing the binding of ATP and further inhibiting ATP hydrolysis. Knowledge about the existence and regulation of the related archaeal-type A1AO ATP synthases (A3B3CDE2FG2ac) is limited. We demonstrate MgADP inhibition of the enzymatically active A3B3D- and A3B3DF complexes of Methanosarcina mazei Gö1 A-ATP synthase and reveal the importance of the amino acids P235 and S238 inside the P-loop (GPFGSGKTV) of the catalytic A subunit. Substituting these two residues by the respective P-loop residues alanine and cysteine (GAFGCGKTV) of the related eukaryotic V-ATPase increases significantly the ATPase activity of the enzyme variant and abolishes MgADP inhibition. The atomic structure of the P235A, S238C double mutant of subunit A of the Pyrococcus horikoshii OT3 A-ATP synthase provides details of how these critical residues affect nucleotide-binding and ATP hydrolysis in this molecular engine. The qualitative data are confirmed by quantitative results derived from fluorescence correlation spectroscopy experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra Singh
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Gerhard Grüber
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Ali MY, Pavasovic A, Dammannagoda LK, Mather PB, Prentis PJ. Comparative molecular analyses of select pH- and osmoregulatory genes in three freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus, C. destructor and C. cainii. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3623. [PMID: 28852583 PMCID: PMC5572425 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic acid-base balance and osmotic/ionic regulation in decapod crustaceans are in part maintained by a set of transport-related enzymes such as carbonic anhydrase (CA), Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA), H+-ATPase (HAT), Na+/K+/2Cl− cotransporter (NKCC), Na+/Cl−/HCO\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}
}{}${}_{3}^{-}$\end{document}3− cotransporter (NBC), Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE), Arginine kinase (AK), Sarcoplasmic Ca+2-ATPase (SERCA) and Calreticulin (CRT). We carried out a comparative molecular analysis of these genes in three commercially important yet eco-physiologically distinct freshwater crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus, C. destructor and C. cainii, with the aim to identify mutations in these genes and determine if observed patterns of mutations were consistent with the action of natural selection. We also conducted a tissue-specific expression analysis of these genes across seven different organs, including gills, hepatopancreas, heart, kidney, liver, nerve and testes using NGS transcriptome data. The molecular analysis of the candidate genes revealed a high level of sequence conservation across the three Cherax sp. Hyphy analysis revealed that all candidate genes showed patterns of molecular variation consistent with neutral evolution. The tissue-specific expression analysis showed that 46% of candidate genes were expressed in all tissue types examined, while approximately 10% of candidate genes were only expressed in a single tissue type. The largest number of genes was observed in nerve (84%) and gills (78%) and the lowest in testes (66%). The tissue-specific expression analysis also revealed that most of the master genes regulating pH and osmoregulation (CA, NKA, HAT, NKCC, NBC, NHE) were expressed in all tissue types indicating an important physiological role for these genes outside of osmoregulation in other tissue types. The high level of sequence conservation observed in the candidate genes may be explained by the important role of these genes as well as potentially having a number of other basic physiological functions in different tissue types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Y Ali
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ana Pavasovic
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lalith K Dammannagoda
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter B Mather
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter J Prentis
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Song XB, Liu G, Liu F, Yan ZG, Wang ZY, Liu ZP, Wang L. Autophagy blockade and lysosomal membrane permeabilization contribute to lead-induced nephrotoxicity in primary rat proximal tubular cells. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2863. [PMID: 28594408 PMCID: PMC5520918 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a known nephrotoxicant that causes damage to proximal tubular cells. Autophagy has an important protective role in various renal injuries, but the role of autophagy in Pb-elicited nephrotoxicity remains largely unknown. In this study, Pb promoted the accumulation of autophagosomes in primary rat proximal tubular (rPT) cells, and subsequent findings revealed that this autophagosome accumulation was caused by the inhibition of autophagic flux. Moreover, Pb exposure did not affect the autophagosome-lysosome fusion in rPT cells. Next, we found that Pb caused lysosomal alkalinization, may be through suppression of two V-ATPase subunits. Simultaneously, Pb inhibited lysosomal degradation capacity by affecting the maturation of cathepsin B (CTSB) and cathepsin D (CTSD). Furthermore, translocation of CTSB and CTSD from lysosome to cytoplasm was observed in this study, suggesting that lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) occurred in Pb-exposed rPT cells. Meanwhile, Pb-induced caspase-3 activation and apoptosis were significantly but not completely inhibited by CTSB inhibitor (CA 074) and CTSD inhibitor (pepstatin A), respectively, demonstrating that LMP-induced lysosomal enzyme release was involved in Pb-induced apoptosis in rPT cells. In conclusion, Pb-mediated autophagy blockade in rPT cells is attributed to the impairment of lysosomal function. Both inhibition of autophagic flux and LMP-mediated apoptosis contribute to Pb-induced nephrotoxicity in rPT cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Bin Song
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Fei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Zhen-Gui Yan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Zhen-Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Zong-Ping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Rotating with the brakes on and other unresolved features of the vacuolar ATPase. Biochem Soc Trans 2017; 44:851-5. [PMID: 27284051 PMCID: PMC4900747 DOI: 10.1042/bst20160043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The rotary ATPase family comprises the ATP synthase (F-ATPase), vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) and archaeal ATPase (A-ATPase). These either predominantly utilize a proton gradient for ATP synthesis or use ATP to produce a proton gradient, driving secondary transport and acidifying organelles. With advances in EM has come a significant increase in our understanding of the rotary ATPase family. Following the sub nm resolution reconstructions of both the F- and V-ATPases, the secondary structure organization of the elusive subunit a has now been resolved, revealing a novel helical arrangement. Despite these significant developments in our understanding of the rotary ATPases, there are still a number of unresolved questions about the mechanism, regulation and overall architecture, which this mini-review aims to highlight and discuss.
Collapse
|
84
|
Abstract
The vacuolar ATPases (V-ATPases) are a family of proton pumps that couple ATP hydrolysis to proton transport into intracellular compartments and across the plasma membrane. They function in a wide array of normal cellular processes, including membrane traffic, protein processing and degradation, and the coupled transport of small molecules, as well as such physiological processes as urinary acidification and bone resorption. The V-ATPases have also been implicated in a number of disease processes, including viral infection, renal disease, and bone resorption defects. This review is focused on the growing evidence for the important role of V-ATPases in cancer. This includes functions in cellular signaling (particularly Wnt, Notch, and mTOR signaling), cancer cell survival in the highly acidic environment of tumors, aiding the development of drug resistance, as well as crucial roles in tumor cell invasion, migration, and metastasis. Of greatest excitement is evidence that at least some tumors express isoforms of V-ATPase subunits whose disruption is not lethal, leading to the possibility of developing anti-cancer therapeutics that selectively target V-ATPases that function in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Stransky
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Program in Biochemistry, and Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kristina Cotter
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Program in Biochemistry, and Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Forgac
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Program in Biochemistry, and Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Farsi Z, Jahn R, Woehler A. Proton electrochemical gradient: Driving and regulating neurotransmitter uptake. Bioessays 2017; 39. [PMID: 28383767 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201600240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of neurotransmitters in the lumen of synaptic vesicles (SVs) relies on the activity of the vacuolar-type H+ -ATPase. This pump drives protons into the lumen, generating a proton electrochemical gradient (ΔμH+ ) across the membrane. Recent work has demonstrated that the balance between the chemical (ΔpH) and electrical (ΔΨ) components of ΔμH+ is regulated differently by some distinct vesicle types. As different neurotransmitter transporters use ΔpH and ΔΨ with different relative efficiencies, regulation of this gradient balance has the potential to influence neurotransmitter uptake. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this regulation remain poorly understood. In this review, we provide an overview of current neurotransmitter uptake models, with a particular emphasis on the distinct roles of the electrical and chemical gradients and current hypotheses for regulatory mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Farsi
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhard Jahn
- Department of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrew Woehler
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Selective upregulation of TNFα expression in classically-activated human monocyte-derived macrophages (M1) through pharmacological interference with V-ATPase. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 130:71-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
87
|
Higashida H, Yokoyama S, Tsuji C, Muramatsu SI. Neurotransmitter release: vacuolar ATPase V0 sector c-subunits in possible gene or cell therapies for Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and psychiatric diseases. J Physiol Sci 2017; 67:11-17. [PMID: 27289535 PMCID: PMC10717279 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-016-0462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We overview the 16-kDa proteolipid mediatophore, the transmembrane c-subunit of the V0 sector of the vacuolar proton ATPase (ATP6V0C) that was shown to mediate the secretion of acetylcholine. Acetylcholine, serotonin, and dopamine (DA) are released from cell soma and/or dendrites if ATP6V0C is expressed in cultured cells. Adeno-associated viral vector-mediated gene transfer of ATP6V0C into the caudate putamen enhanced the depolarization-induced overflow of endogenous DA in Parkinson-model mice. Motor impairment was ameliorated in hemiparkinsonian model mice when ATP6V0C was expressed with DA-synthesizing enzymes. The review discusses application in the future as a potential tool for gene therapy, cell transplantation therapy, and inducible pluripotent stem cell therapy in neurological diseases, from the view point of recent findings regarding vacuolar ATPase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiro Higashida
- Kanazawa University Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Yokoyama
- Kanazawa University Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tsuji
- Kanazawa University Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Muramatsu
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
- Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Colacurcio DJ, Nixon RA. Disorders of lysosomal acidification-The emerging role of v-ATPase in aging and neurodegenerative disease. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 32:75-88. [PMID: 27197071 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy and endocytosis deliver unneeded cellular materials to lysosomes for degradation. Beyond processing cellular waste, lysosomes release metabolites and ions that serve signaling and nutrient sensing roles, linking the functions of the lysosome to various pathways for intracellular metabolism and nutrient homeostasis. Each of these lysosomal behaviors is influenced by the intraluminal pH of the lysosome, which is maintained in the low acidic range by a proton pump, the vacuolar ATPase (v-ATPase). New reports implicate altered v-ATPase activity and lysosomal pH dysregulation in cellular aging, longevity, and adult-onset neurodegenerative diseases, including forms of Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease. Genetic defects of subunits composing the v-ATPase or v-ATPase-related proteins occur in an increasingly recognized group of familial neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the expanding roles of the v-ATPase complex as a platform regulating lysosomal hydrolysis and cellular homeostasis. We discuss the unique vulnerability of neurons to persistent low level lysosomal dysfunction and review recent clinical and experimental studies that link dysfunction of the v-ATPase complex to neurodegenerative diseases across the age spectrum.
Collapse
|
89
|
Gonzalez-Lozano MA, Klemmer P, Gebuis T, Hassan C, van Nierop P, van Kesteren RE, Smit AB, Li KW. Dynamics of the mouse brain cortical synaptic proteome during postnatal brain development. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35456. [PMID: 27748445 PMCID: PMC5066275 DOI: 10.1038/srep35456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of the brain involves the formation and maturation of numerous synapses. This process requires prominent changes of the synaptic proteome and potentially involves thousands of different proteins at every synapse. To date the proteome analysis of synapse development has been studied sparsely. Here, we analyzed the cortical synaptic membrane proteome of juvenile postnatal days 9 (P9), P15, P21, P27, adolescent (P35) and different adult ages P70, P140 and P280 of C57Bl6/J mice. Using a quantitative proteomics workflow we quantified 1560 proteins of which 696 showed statistically significant differences over time. Synaptic proteins generally showed increased levels during maturation, whereas proteins involved in protein synthesis generally decreased in abundance. In several cases, proteins from a single functional molecular entity, e.g., subunits of the NMDA receptor, showed differences in their temporal regulation, which may reflect specific synaptic development features of connectivity, strength and plasticity. SNARE proteins, Snap 29/47 and Stx 7/8/12, showed higher expression in immature animals. Finally, we evaluated the function of Cxadr that showed high expression levels at P9 and a fast decline in expression during neuronal development. Knock down of the expression of Cxadr in cultured primary mouse neurons revealed a significant decrease in synapse density.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Gonzalez-Lozano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics &Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Klemmer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics &Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Titia Gebuis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics &Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chopie Hassan
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van Nierop
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics &Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald E van Kesteren
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics &Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - August B Smit
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics &Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ka Wan Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics &Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Grant P, Maga T, Loshakov A, Singhal R, Wali A, Nwankwo J, Baron K, Johnson D. An Eye on Trafficking Genes: Identification of Four Eye Color Mutations in Drosophila. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2016; 6:3185-3196. [PMID: 27558665 PMCID: PMC5068940 DOI: 10.1534/g3.116.032508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Genes that code for proteins involved in organelle biogenesis and intracellular trafficking produce products that are critical in normal cell function . Conserved orthologs of these are present in most or all eukaryotes, including Drosophila melanogaster Some of these genes were originally identified as eye color mutants with decreases in both types of pigments found in the fly eye. These criteria were used for identification of such genes, four eye color mutations that are not annotated in the genome sequence: chocolate, maroon, mahogany, and red Malpighian tubules were molecularly mapped and their genome sequences have been evaluated. Mapping was performed using deletion analysis and complementation tests. chocolate is an allele of the VhaAC39-1 gene, which is an ortholog of the Vacuolar H+ ATPase AC39 subunit 1. maroon corresponds to the Vps16A gene and its product is part of the HOPS complex, which participates in transport and organelle fusion. red Malpighian tubule is the CG12207 gene, which encodes a protein of unknown function that includes a LysM domain. mahogany is the CG13646 gene, which is predicted to be an amino acid transporter. The strategy of identifying eye color genes based on perturbations in quantities of both types of eye color pigments has proven useful in identifying proteins involved in trafficking and biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles. Mutants of these genes can form the basis of valuable in vivo models to understand these processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paaqua Grant
- Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052
| | - Tara Maga
- Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052 Undergraduate Summer Research Program, Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052
| | - Anna Loshakov
- Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052
| | - Rishi Singhal
- Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052
| | - Aminah Wali
- Undergraduate Summer Research Program, Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052
| | - Jennifer Nwankwo
- Undergraduate Summer Research Program, Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052
| | - Kaitlin Baron
- Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052
| | - Diana Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Sielaff H, Martin J, Singh D, Biuković G, Grüber G, Frasch WD. Power Stroke Angular Velocity Profiles of Archaeal A-ATP Synthase Versus Thermophilic and Mesophilic F-ATP Synthase Molecular Motors. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:25351-25363. [PMID: 27729450 PMCID: PMC5207238 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.745240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The angular velocities of ATPase-dependent power strokes as a function of the rotational position for the A-type molecular motor A3B3DF, from the Methanosarcina mazei Gö1 A-ATP synthase, and the thermophilic motor α3β3γ, from Geobacillus stearothermophilus (formerly known as Bacillus PS3) F-ATP synthase, are resolved at 5 μs resolution for the first time. Unexpectedly, the angular velocity profile of the A-type was closely similar in the angular positions of accelerations and decelerations to the profiles of the evolutionarily distant F-type motors of thermophilic and mesophilic origins, and they differ only in the magnitude of their velocities. M. mazei A3B3DF power strokes occurred in 120° steps at saturating ATP concentrations like the F-type motors. However, because ATP-binding dwells did not interrupt the 120° steps at limiting ATP, ATP binding to A3B3DF must occur during the catalytic dwell. Elevated concentrations of ADP did not increase dwells occurring 40° after the catalytic dwell. In F-type motors, elevated ADP induces dwells 40° after the catalytic dwell and slows the overall velocity. The similarities in these power stroke profiles are consistent with a common rotational mechanism for A-type and F-type rotary motors, in which the angular velocity is limited by the rotary position at which ATP binding occurs and by the drag imposed on the axle as it rotates within the ring of stator subunits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Sielaff
- the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - James Martin
- From the School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287 and
| | - Dhirendra Singh
- the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Goran Biuković
- the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Gerhard Grüber
- the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wayne D Frasch
- From the School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287 and
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Beer KB, Wehman AM. Mechanisms and functions of extracellular vesicle release in vivo-What we can learn from flies and worms. Cell Adh Migr 2016; 11:135-150. [PMID: 27689411 PMCID: PMC5351733 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2016.1236899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells from bacteria to man release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contain signaling molecules like proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. The content, formation, and signaling roles of these conserved vesicles are diverse, but the physiological relevance of EV signaling in vivo is still debated. Studies in classical genetic model organisms like C. elegans and Drosophila have begun to reveal the developmental and behavioral roles for EVs. In this review, we discuss the emerging evidence for the in vivo signaling roles of EVs. Significant effort has also been made to understand the mechanisms behind the formation and release of EVs, specifically of exosomes derived from exocytosis of multivesicular bodies and of microvesicles derived from plasma membrane budding called ectocytosis. In this review, we detail the impact of flies and worms on understanding the proteins and lipids involved in EV biogenesis and highlight the open questions in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina B Beer
- a Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany
| | - Ann Marie Wehman
- a Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Karsten U, Goletz S. What controls the expression of the core-1 (Thomsen-Friedenreich) glycotope on tumor cells? BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2016; 80:801-7. [PMID: 26541995 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297915070019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Malignant transformation is tightly connected with changes in the glycosylation of proteins and lipids, which in turn are contributing to the invasive and metastatic behavior of tumor cells. One example of such changes is demasking of the otherwise hidden core-1 structure, also known as Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen, which is a highly tumor-specific glycotope and potentially a cancer stem cell marker. This review summarizes what is known about the mechanism(s) of its expression on tumor cells. New data reveal a close connection between tumor metabolism and Golgi function. Based on these data, we suggest that the expression of this antigen is also a marker of aerobic glycolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Karsten
- Glycotope GmbH, Berlin-Buch, D-13125, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
94
|
Tresguerres M. Novel and potential physiological roles of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase in marine organisms. J Exp Biol 2016; 219:2088-97. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.128389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (VHA) is a multi-subunit enzyme that uses the energy from ATP hydrolysis to transport H+ across biological membranes. VHA plays a universal role in essential cellular functions, such as the acidification of lysosomes and endosomes. In addition, the VHA-generated H+-motive force can drive the transport of diverse molecules across cell membranes and epithelia for specialized physiological functions. Here, I discuss diverse physiological functions of VHA in marine animals, focusing on recent discoveries about base secretion in shark gills, potential bone dissolution by Osedax bone-eating worms and its participation in a carbon-concentrating mechanism that promotes coral photosynthesis. Because VHA is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes, it is likely to play many other essential physiological roles in diverse marine organisms. Elucidating and characterizing basic VHA-dependent mechanisms could help to determine species responses to environmental stress, including (but not limited to) that resulting from climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tresguerres
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, SIO mail code 0202, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Golder ZJ, Karet Frankl FE. Extra-renal locations of the a4 subunit of H(+)ATPase. BMC Cell Biol 2016; 17:27. [PMID: 27368196 PMCID: PMC4930620 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-016-0106-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vacuolar-type proton pumps help maintain acid-base homeostasis either within intracellular compartments or at specialised plasma membranes. In mammals they are made up of 13 subunits, which form two functional domains. A number of the subunits have variants that display tissue restricted expression patterns such that in specialised cell types they replace the generic subunits at some sub-cellular locations. The tissue restricted a4 subunit has previously been reported at the plasma membrane in the kidney, inner ear, olfactory epithelium and male reproductive tract. RESULTS In this study novel locations of the a4 subunit were investigated using an Atp6v0a4 knockout mouse line in which a LacZ reporter cassette replaced part of the gene. The presence of a4 in the olfactory epithelium was further investigated and the additional presence of C2 and d2 subunits identified. The a4 subunit was found in the uterus of pregnant animals and a4 was identified along with d2 and C2 in the embryonic visceral yolk sac. In the male reproductive tract a4 was seen in the novel locations of the prostatic alveoli and the ampullary glands as well as the previously reported epididymis and vas deferens. CONCLUSIONS The identification of novel locations for the a4 subunit and other tissue-restricted subunits increases the range of unique subunit combinations making up the proton pump. These studies suggest additional roles of the proton pump, indicating a further range of homologue-specific functions for tissue-restricted subunits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe J Golder
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus Box 139, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, UK
| | - Fiona E Karet Frankl
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. .,Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus Box 139, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Tsuchikawa H, Hayashi T, Shibata H, Murata M, Nagumo Y, Usui T. Bafilomycin analogue site-specifically fluorinated at the pharmacophore macrolactone ring has potent vacuolar-type ATPase inhibitory activity. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
97
|
Chan CY, Dominguez D, Parra KJ. Regulation of Vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) Reassembly by Glycolysis Flow in 6-Phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK-1)-deficient Yeast Cells. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:15820-9. [PMID: 27226568 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.717488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Yeast 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK-1) has two subunits, Pfk1p and Pfk2p. Deletion of Pfk2p alters glucose-dependent V-ATPase reassembly and vacuolar acidification (Chan, C. Y., and Parra, K. J. (2014) Yeast phosphofructokinase-1 subunit Pfk2p is necessary for pH homeostasis and glucose-dependent vacuolar ATPase reassembly. J. Biol. Chem. 289, 19448-19457). This study capitalized on the mechanisms suppressing vacuolar H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) in pfk2Δ to gain new knowledge of the mechanisms underlying glucose-dependent V-ATPase regulation. Because V-ATPase is fully assembled in pfk2Δ, and glycolysis partially suppressed at steady state, we manipulated glycolysis and assessed its direct involvement on V-ATPase function. At steady state, the ratio of proton transport to ATP hydrolysis increased 24% after increasing the glucose concentration from 2% to 4% to enhance the glycolysis flow in pfk2Δ. Tighter coupling restored vacuolar pH when glucose was abundant and glycolysis operated below capacity. After readdition of glucose to glucose-deprived cells, glucose-dependent V1Vo reassembly was proportional to the glycolysis flow. Readdition of 2% glucose to pfk2Δ cells, which restored 62% of ethanol concentration, led to equivalent 60% V1Vo reassembly levels. Steady-state level of assembly (100% reassembly) was reached at 4% glucose when glycolysis reached a threshold in pfk2Δ (≥40% the wild-type flow). At 4% glucose, the level of Pfk1p co-immunoprecipitated with V-ATPase decreased 58% in pfk2Δ, suggesting that Pfk1p binding to V-ATPase may be inhibitory in the mutant. We concluded that V-ATPase activity at steady state and V-ATPase reassembly after readdition of glucose to glucose-deprived cells are controlled by the glycolysis flow. We propose a new mechanism by which glucose regulates V-ATPase catalytic activity that occurs at steady state without changing V1Vo assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yuan Chan
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Dennis Dominguez
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Karlett J Parra
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Cotter K, Stransky L, McGuire C, Forgac M. Recent Insights into the Structure, Regulation, and Function of the V-ATPases. Trends Biochem Sci 2016; 40:611-622. [PMID: 26410601 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The vacuolar (H(+))-ATPases (V-ATPases) are ATP-dependent proton pumps that acidify intracellular compartments and are also present at the plasma membrane. They function in such processes as membrane traffic, protein degradation, virus and toxin entry, bone resorption, pH homeostasis, and tumor cell invasion. V-ATPases are large multisubunit complexes, composed of an ATP-hydrolytic domain (V1) and a proton translocation domain (V0), and operate by a rotary mechanism. This review focuses on recent insights into their structure and mechanism, the mechanisms that regulate V-ATPase activity (particularly regulated assembly and trafficking), and the role of V-ATPases in processes such as cell signaling and cancer. These developments have highlighted the potential of V-ATPases as a therapeutic target in a variety of human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Cotter
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Laura Stransky
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Christina McGuire
- Program in Biochemistry, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Michael Forgac
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Program in Biochemistry, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Smith GA, Howell GJ, Phillips C, Muench SP, Ponnambalam S, Harrison MA. Extracellular and Luminal pH Regulation by Vacuolar H+-ATPase Isoform Expression and Targeting to the Plasma Membrane and Endosomes. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:8500-15. [PMID: 26912656 PMCID: PMC4861423 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.723395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) activity of tumor cells is a major factor in control of cytoplasmic and extracellular pH and metastatic potential, but the isoforms involved and the factors governing plasma membrane recruitment remain uncertain. Here, we examined expression, distribution, and activity of V-ATPase isoforms in invasive prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3) cells. Isoforms 1 and 3 were the most highly expressed forms of membrane subunit a, with a1 and a3 the dominant plasma membrane isoforms. Correlation between plasma membrane V-ATPase activity and invasiveness was limited, but RNAi knockdown of either a isoform did slow cell proliferation and inhibit invasion in vitro. Isoform a1 was recruited to the cell surface from the early endosome-recycling complex pathway, its knockdown arresting transferrin receptor recycling. Isoform a3 was associated with the late endosomal/lysosomal compartment. Both a isoforms associated with accessory protein Ac45, knockdown of which stalled transit of a1 and transferrin-transferrin receptor, decreased proton efflux, and reduced cell growth and invasiveness; this latter effect was at least partly due to decreased delivery of the membrane-bound matrix metalloproteinase MMP-14 to the plasma membrane. These data indicate that in prostatic carcinoma cells, a1 and a3 isoform populations predominate in different compartments where they maintain different luminal pH. Ac45 plays a central role in navigating the V-ATPase to the plasma membrane, and hence it is an important factor in expression of the invasive phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gina A Smith
- From the Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and
| | - Gareth J Howell
- From the Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and
| | - Clair Phillips
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen P Muench
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | | | - Michael A Harrison
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Zhu X, Gao JJ, Landao-Bassonga E, Pavlos NJ, Qin A, Steer JH, Zheng MH, Dong Y, Cheng TS. Thonzonium bromide inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorption in vitro and prevents LPS-induced bone loss in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 104:118-30. [PMID: 26906912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclasts (OCs) play a pivotal role in a variety of lytic bone diseases including osteoporosis, arthritis, bone tumors, Paget's disease and the aseptic loosening of orthopedic implants. The primary focus for the development of bone-protective therapies in these diseases has centered on the suppression of OC formation and function. In this study we report that thonzonium bromide (TB), a monocationic surface-active agent, inhibited RANKL-induced OC formation, the appearance of OC-specific marker genes and bone-resorbing activity in vitro. Mechanistically, TB blocked the RANKL-induced activation of NF-κB, ERK and c-Fos as well as the induction of NFATc1 which is essential for OC formation. TB disrupted F-actin ring formation resulting in disturbances in cytoskeletal structure in mature OCs during bone resorption. Furthermore, TB exhibited protective effects in an in vivo murine model of LPS-induced calvarial osteolysis. Collectively, these data suggest that TB might be a useful alternative therapy in preventing or treating osteolytic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhu
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Department of Orthopaedics, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jun J Gao
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Euphemie Landao-Bassonga
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Nathan J Pavlos
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - An Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - James H Steer
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Ming H Zheng
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Yang Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Tak S Cheng
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|