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Muthukrishnan S, Murugan I, Selvaraj M. Chitosan nanoparticles loaded with thiamine stimulate growth and enhances protection against wilt disease in Chickpea. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 212:169-177. [PMID: 30832844 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanoencapsulation is considered as one of the unique technique for increasing the bioavailability, solubility and retention time of bioactive compounds. In this study, thiamine was incorporated into the chitosan nanoparticles and characterized through FTIR, DLS, SEM, TEM and XRD analyses. Zeta potential of the synthesized nanoparticles was found to be 37.7 mV. The encapsulation efficiency of chitosan nanoparticle was 90 ± 3%. Application of thiamine loaded chitosan nanoparticle enhanced seed germination and growth of chickpea seedlings when compared to untreated control seeds. Treated seedlings showed enhanced production of indole acetic acid (IAA). Foliar application of synthesized nanoparticle induced defense enzymes in leaves and roots of chickpea plants. Decreased cell death in the chickpea roots of treated plants was observed when compared to control under green house condition. These results showed that the thiamine loaded chitosan nanoparticle can be used as a growth stimulator as well as a defense activator in chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Indhumathi Murugan
- Department of Botany, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Muthukumar Selvaraj
- Department of Botany, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
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Effects of chitosan nanoparticles on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 126:91-100. [PMID: 30557637 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect and mechanism of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) on the germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), we conducted systematic research on the impact of different concentrations (1-100 μg/mL) of CSNPs and chitosan (CS). The result of energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) showed that adsorption of CSNPs on the surface of wheat seeds was higher than that of CS. CSNPs had growth promoting effect at a lower concentration (5 μg/mL) compared with CS (50 μg/mL). In addition, the application of 5 μg/mL CSNPs induced the auxin-related gene expression, accelerated indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis and transport, and reduced IAA oxidase activity resulting in the increase of IAA concentration in wheat shoots and roots. The results suggest that CSNPs have positive effect on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat at a lower concentration than CS due to higher adsorption on the surface of wheat seeds.
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Optimization of chitosan nanoparticle synthesis and its potential application as germination elicitor of Oryza sativa L. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 124:1053-1059. [PMID: 30476516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide rice production has been dwindling due to biotic and abiotic causes. Chitosan is a proven biofunctional material that induces many biological responses in plants. However, the growth and yield increasing properties of chitosan nanoparticles (ChNP) on rice crop are not well understood. In the present work, effect of ChNP on germination of rice has been studied. Seed toxicity of ChNP was also analyzed to ensure the safety of ChNP application. The toxicity study was done according to EPA guidelines and ChNP was found to be non-toxic. Rice seeds were treated with ChNP at different concentrations for different time periods and kept for germination. Upon complete germination, the seedlings were sown in seed trays and growth was evaluated at 21 days after sowing. All treatments showed better results than the untreated control. Treatment T22 (1 mg/ml ChNP for 120 mins) gave the highest growth rates. Therefore we could deduce that ability of ChNP to elicit growth was associated with the concentration of ChNP and soaking time. The shelf life of ChNP was studied over a period of one year by analyzing the germination eliciting capacity on rice seeds. ChNP was found to effective for seven months when stored under room temperature.
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Effects of Calcium Alginate Submicroparticles on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10101154. [PMID: 30961078 PMCID: PMC6403849 DOI: 10.3390/polym10101154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium alginate (CaAlg) submicroparticles have a potential application in agricultural delivery systems. This study investigated the effects of CaAlg submicroparticles on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat. CaAlg submicroparticles with a Z-average diameter of around 250.4 nm and a measured zeta potential value of about −25.4 mV were prepared and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). After this, the effects of the concentration of CaAlg submicroparticles (10–500 μg/mL) on germination percentage, seedling length, the number of adventitious roots, chlorophyll content and soluble protein content were evaluated. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the level of germination percentage (9.0%), seedling index (50.3%), adventitious roots (27.5%), seedling length (17.0%), chlorophyll (8.7%) and soluble protein contents (4.5%) at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. However, an inhibitory effect was observed at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. The SEM examination showed that CaAlg submicroparticles could be successfully adsorbed onto the surface of the wheat seed. Further studies proved that CaAlg submicroparticles at a concentration of 100 μg/mL promoted the expression of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-related genes (YUCCA9, AUX1, ARF and UGT) in wheat, which resulted in an increase of 69% and 21% in IAA concentration in wheat roots and shoots, respectively.
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Preparation of NPK nanofertilizer based on chitosan nanoparticles and its effect on biophysical characteristics and growth of coffee in green house. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3630-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kumaraswamy R, Kumari S, Choudhary RC, Pal A, Raliya R, Biswas P, Saharan V. Engineered chitosan based nanomaterials: Bioactivities, mechanisms and perspectives in plant protection and growth. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 113:494-506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sharif R, Mujtaba M, Ur Rahman M, Shalmani A, Ahmad H, Anwar T, Tianchan D, Wang X. The Multifunctional Role of Chitosan in Horticultural Crops; A Review. Molecules 2018; 23:E872. [PMID: 29642651 PMCID: PMC6017927 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a naturally occurring compound and is commercially produced from seafood shells. It has been utilized in the induction of the defense system in both pre and post-harvest fruits and vegetables against fungi, bacteria, viruses, and other abiotic stresses. In addition to that, chitosan effectively improves the physiological properties of plants and also enhances the shelf life of post-harvest produces. Moreover, chitosan treatment regulates several genes in plants, particularly the activation of plant defense signaling pathways. That includes the elicitation of phytoalexins and pathogenesis-related (PR) protein. Besides that, chitosan has been employed in soil as a plant nutrient and has shown great efficacy in combination with other industrial fertilizers without affecting the soil's beneficial microbes. Furthermore, it is helpful in reducing the fertilizer losses due to its coating ability, which is important in keeping the environmental pollution under check. Based on exhibiting such excellent properties, there is a striking interest in using chitosan biopolymers in agriculture systems. Therefore, our current review has been centered upon the multiple roles of chitosan in horticultural crops that could be useful in future crop improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Sharif
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Muhammad Mujtaba
- Institute of Biotechnology, Ankara University, Ankara 06110, Turkey.
| | - Mati Ur Rahman
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Abdullah Shalmani
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Husain Ahmad
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Toheed Anwar
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China.
| | - Deng Tianchan
- School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Xiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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58
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Effects of Zn/B nanofertilizer on biophysical characteristics and growth of coffee seedlings in a greenhouse. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3342-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Thamilarasan V, Sethuraman V, Gopinath K, Balalakshmi C, Govindarajan M, Mothana RA, Siddiqui NA, Khaled JM, Benelli G. Single Step Fabrication of Chitosan Nanocrystals Using Penaeus semisulcatus: Potential as New Insecticides, Antimicrobials and Plant Growth Promoters. J CLUST SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-018-1342-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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60
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Al-Dhabaan FA, Mostafa M, Almoammar H, Abd-Elsalam KA. Chitosan-Based Nanostructures in Plant Protection Applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN THE LIFE SCIENCES 2018:351-384. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-91161-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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61
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Mostafa M, Amal-Asran, Almoammar H, Abd-Elsalam KA. Nanoantimicrobials Mechanism of Action. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN THE LIFE SCIENCES 2018:281-322. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-91161-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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62
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Lopez-Moya F, Escudero N, Zavala-Gonzalez EA, Esteve-Bruna D, Blázquez MA, Alabadí D, Lopez-Llorca LV. Induction of auxin biosynthesis and WOX5 repression mediate changes in root development in Arabidopsis exposed to chitosan. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16813. [PMID: 29196703 PMCID: PMC5711845 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16874-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a natural polymer with applications in agriculture, which causes plasma membrane permeabilisation and induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants. Chitosan has been mostly applied in the phylloplane to control plant diseases and to enhance plant defences, but has also been considered for controlling root pests. However, the effect of chitosan on roots is virtually unknown. In this work, we show that chitosan interfered with auxin homeostasis in Arabidopsis roots, promoting a 2-3 fold accumulation of indole acetic acid (IAA). We observed chitosan dose-dependent alterations of auxin synthesis, transport and signalling in Arabidopsis roots. As a consequence, high doses of chitosan reduce WOX5 expression in the root apical meristem and arrest root growth. Chitosan also propitiates accumulation of salicylic (SA) and jasmonic (JA) acids in Arabidopsis roots by induction of genes involved in their biosynthesis and signalling. In addition, high-dose chitosan irrigation of tomato and barley plants also arrests root development. Tomato root apices treated with chitosan showed isodiametric cells respect to rectangular cells in the controls. We found that chitosan causes strong alterations in root cell morphology. Our results highlight the importance of considering chitosan dose during agronomical applications to the rhizosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Lopez-Moya
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Multidisciplinary Institute for Environment Studies (MIES) Ramón Margalef, Department of Marine Sciences and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
| | - Nuria Escudero
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Multidisciplinary Institute for Environment Studies (MIES) Ramón Margalef, Department of Marine Sciences and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Departament d'Enginyeria Agroalimentària i Biotecnologia, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ernesto A Zavala-Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Multidisciplinary Institute for Environment Studies (MIES) Ramón Margalef, Department of Marine Sciences and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Atlántica Agrícola Company SA. Villena, Alicante, Spain
| | - David Esteve-Bruna
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel A Blázquez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - David Alabadí
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis V Lopez-Llorca
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Multidisciplinary Institute for Environment Studies (MIES) Ramón Margalef, Department of Marine Sciences and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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63
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Choudhary RC, Kumaraswamy RV, Kumari S, Sharma SS, Pal A, Raliya R, Biswas P, Saharan V. Cu-chitosan nanoparticle boost defense responses and plant growth in maize (Zea mays L.). Sci Rep 2017; 7:9754. [PMID: 28851884 PMCID: PMC5575333 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08571-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In agriculture, search for biopolymer derived materials are in high demand to replace the synthetic agrochemicals. In the present investigation, the efficacy of Cu-chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) to boost defense responses against Curvularia leaf spot (CLS) disease of maize and plant growth promotry activity were evaluated. Cu-chitosan NPs treated plants showed significant defense response through higher activities of antioxidant (superoxide dismutase and peroxidase) and defense enzymes (polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase). Significant control of CLS disease of maize was recorded at 0.04 to 0.16% of Cu-chitosan NPs treatments in pot and 0.12 to 0.16% of NPs treatments in field condition. Further, NPs treatments exhibited growth promotry effect in terms of plant height, stem diameter, root length, root number and chlorophyll content in pot experiments. In field experiment, plant height, ear length, ear weight/plot, grain yield/plot and 100 grain weight were enhanced in NPs treatments. Disease control and enhancement of plant growth was further enlightened through Cu release profile of Cu-chitosan NPs. This is an important development in agriculture nanomaterial research where biodegradable Cu-chitosan NPs are better compatible with biological control as NPs "mimic" the natural elicitation of the plant defense and antioxidant system for disease protection and sustainable growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Chandra Choudhary
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India
| | - R V Kumaraswamy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India
| | - Sarita Kumari
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India
| | - S S Sharma
- Department of Plant Pathology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India
| | - Ajay Pal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125 004, India
| | - Ramesh Raliya
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Pratim Biswas
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Vinod Saharan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313 001, India.
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64
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Sathiyabama M, Parthasarathy R. Biological preparation of chitosan nanoparticles and its in vitro antifungal efficacy against some phytopathogenic fungi. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 151:321-325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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65
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Saharan V, Kumaraswamy RV, Choudhary RC, Kumari S, Pal A, Raliya R, Biswas P. Cu-Chitosan Nanoparticle Mediated Sustainable Approach To Enhance Seedling Growth in Maize by Mobilizing Reserved Food. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6148-55. [PMID: 27460439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Food crop seedlings often have susceptibility to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the impact of Cu-chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) on physiological and biochemical changes during maize seedling growth. Higher values of percent germination, shoot and root length, root number, seedling length, fresh and dry weight, and seed vigor index were obtained at 0.04-0.12% concentrations of Cu-chitosan NPs as compared to water, CuSO4, and bulk chitosan treatments. Cu-chitosan NPs at the same concentrations induced the activities of α-amylase and protease enzymes and also increased the total protein content in germinating seeds. The increased activities of α-amylase and protease enzymes corroborated with decreased content of starch and protein, respectively, in the germinating seeds. Cu-chitosan NPs at 0.16% and CuSO4 at 0.01% concentrations showed inhibitory effect on seedling growth. The observed results on seedling growth could be explained by the toxicity of excess Cu and growth promotory effect of Cu-chitosan NPs. Physiological and biochemical studies suggest that Cu-chitosan NPs enhance the seedling growth of maize by mobilizing the reserved food, primarily starch, through the higher activity of α-amylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Saharan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology , Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India
| | - R V Kumaraswamy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology , Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India
| | - Ram Chandra Choudhary
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology , Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India
| | - Sarita Kumari
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology , Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India
| | - Ajay Pal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University , Hisar, Haryana 125004, India
| | - Ramesh Raliya
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Pratim Biswas
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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66
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Malerba M, Cerana R. Chitosan Effects on Plant Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E996. [PMID: 27347928 PMCID: PMC4964372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17070996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan (CHT) is a natural, safe, and cheap product of chitin deacetylation, widely used by several industries because of its interesting features. The availability of industrial quantities of CHT in the late 1980s enabled it to be tested in agriculture. CHT has been proven to stimulate plant growth, to protect the safety of edible products, and to induce abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in various horticultural commodities. The stimulating effect of different enzyme activities to detoxify reactive oxygen species suggests the involvement of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide in CHT signaling. CHT could also interact with chromatin and directly affect gene expression. Recent innovative uses of CHT include synthesis of CHT nanoparticles as a valuable delivery system for fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides, and micronutrients for crop growth promotion by a balanced and sustained nutrition. In addition, CHT nanoparticles can safely deliver genetic material for plant transformation. This review presents an overview on the status of the use of CHT in plant systems. Attention was given to the research that suggested the use of CHT for sustainable crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Malerba
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Cerana
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e del Territorio e di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy.
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Preparation of chitosan nanoparticles by TPP ionic gelation combined with spray drying, and the antibacterial activity of chitosan nanoparticles and a chitosan nanoparticle–amoxicillin complex. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2428-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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68
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Synthesis and in vitro antifungal efficacy of Cu–chitosan nanoparticles against pathogenic fungi of tomato. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 75:346-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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69
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Li PW, Wang G, Yang ZM, Duan W, Peng Z, Kong LX, Wang QH. Development of drug-loaded chitosan-vanillin nanoparticles and its cytotoxicity against HT-29 cells. Drug Deliv 2014; 23:30-5. [PMID: 24712731 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2014.900590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan as a natural polysaccharide derived from chitin of arthropods like shrimp and crab, attracts much interest due to its inherent properties, especially for application in biomedical materials. Presently, biodegradable and biocompatible chitosan nanoparticles are attractive for drug delivery. However, some physicochemical characteristics of chitosan nanoparticles still need to be further improved in practice. In this work, chitosan nanoparticles were produced by crosslinking chitosan with 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (vanillin) through a Schiff reaction. Chitosan nanoparticles were 200-250 nm in diameter with smooth surface and were negatively charged with a zeta potential of - 17.4 mV in neutral solution. Efficient drug loading and drug encapsulation were achieved using 5-fluorouracil as a model of hydrophilic drug. Drug release from the nanoparticles was constant and controllable. The in vitro cytotoxicity against HT-29 cells and cellular uptake of the chitosan nanoparticles were evaluated by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium method, confocal laser scanning microscope and flow cytometer, respectively. The results indicate that the chitosan nanoparticles crosslinked with vanillin are a promising vehicle for the delivery of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu-Wang Li
- a Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences , Zhanjiang , P.R. China
| | - Guang Wang
- a Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences , Zhanjiang , P.R. China
| | - Zi-Ming Yang
- a Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences , Zhanjiang , P.R. China
| | - Wei Duan
- b Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus , Australia , and
| | - Zheng Peng
- a Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences , Zhanjiang , P.R. China
| | - Ling-Xue Kong
- b Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus , Australia , and
| | - Qing-Huang Wang
- a Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences , Zhanjiang , P.R. China .,c National Center for Important Tropical Crops Engineering and Technology Research , Haikou , P.R. China
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Ngan LTK, Wang SL, Hiep ĐM, Luong PM, Vui NT, Đinh TM, Dzung NA. Preparation of chitosan nanoparticles by spray drying, and their antibacterial activity. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-014-1594-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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