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Smolle MA, Czapiewski P, Lapińska-Szumczyk S, Majewska H, Supernat A, Zaczek A, Biernat W, Golob-Schwarzl N, Haybaeck J. The Prognostic Significance of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factors (eIFs) in Endometrial Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246169. [PMID: 31817792 PMCID: PMC6941158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Whilst the role of eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) has already been investigated in several human cancers, their role in endometrial cancer (EC) is relatively unknown. In the present retrospective study, 279 patients with EC (1180 samples) were included (mean age: 63.0 years, mean follow-up: 6.1 years). Samples were analysed for expression of 7 eIFs subunits (eIF2α, eIF3c, eIF3h, eIF4e, eIF4g, eIF5, eIF6) through immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Fifteen samples of healthy endometrium served as controls. Density and intensity were assessed and mean combined scores (CS) calculated for each patient. Upon immunohistochemistry, median eIF5 CS were significantly higher in EC as compared with non-neoplastic tissue (NNT, p < 0.001), whilst median eIF6 CS were significantly lower in EC (p < 0.001). Moreover, eIF5 (p = 0.002), eIF6 (p = 0.032) and eIF4g CS (p = 0.014) were significantly different when comparing NNT with EC grading types. Median eIF4g CS was higher in type II EC (p = 0.034). Upon western blot analysis, eIF4g (p < 0.001), peIF2α (p < 0.001) and eIF3h (p < 0.05) were significantly overexpressed in EC, while expression of eIF3c was significantly reduced in EC as compared with NNT (p < 0.001). The remaining eIFs were non-significant. Besides tumour stage (p < 0.001) and patient’s age (p < 0.001), high eIF4g CS-levels were independently associated with poor prognosis (HR: 1.604, 95%CI: 1.037–2.483, p = 0.034). The other eIFs had no prognostic significance. Notably, the independent prognostic significance of eIF4g was lost when adding tumour type. Considering the difficulties in differentiating EC type I and II, eIF4g may serve as a novel prognostic marker indicating patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Anna Smolle
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5, 8036 Graz, Austria;
- Area 2 Cancer, Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Stiftingtalstraße 5, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Piotr Czapiewski
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdansk, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.C.); (H.M.); (W.B.)
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sylwia Lapińska-Szumczyk
- Department of Gynaecology, Gynaecological Oncology and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 3a Street, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Hanna Majewska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdansk, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.C.); (H.M.); (W.B.)
| | - Anna Supernat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańnsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Bażyńskiego 1a, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.S.); (A.Z.)
| | - Anna Zaczek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańnsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Bażyńskiego 1a, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.S.); (A.Z.)
| | - Wojciech Biernat
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdansk, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.C.); (H.M.); (W.B.)
| | - Nicole Golob-Schwarzl
- Area 2 Cancer, Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Stiftingtalstraße 5, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Area 2 Cancer, Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Stiftingtalstraße 5, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstraße 44, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-67-15817
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Golob-Schwarzl N, Wodlej C, Kleinegger F, Gogg-Kamerer M, Birkl-Toeglhofer AM, Petzold J, Aigelsreiter A, Thalhammer M, Park YN, Haybaeck J. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6 overexpression plays a major role in the translational control of gallbladder cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:2699-2711. [PMID: 31586263 PMCID: PMC6800842 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-03030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare neoplasia of the biliary tract with high mortality rates and poor prognosis. Signs and symptoms of GBC are not specific and often arise at late stage of disease. For this reason, diagnosis is typically made when the cancer is already in advanced stages, and prognosis for survival is less than 5 years in 90% of cases. Biomarkers to monitor disease progression and novel therapeutic alternative targets for these tumors are strongly required. Commonly, dysregulated protein synthesis contributes to carcinogenesis and cancer progression. In this case, protein synthesis directs translation of specific mRNAs, and, in turn, promotes cell survival, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of tumors. In eukaryotes, protein synthesis is regulated at its initiation, which is a rate-limiting step involving eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs). We hypothesize that eIFs represent crossroads in the development of GBC, and might serve as potential biomarkers. The study focus was the role of eIF6 (an anti-association factor for the ribosomal subunits) in GBC. METHODS In human GBC samples, the expression of eIF6 was analyzed biochemically at the protein (immunohistochemistry, immunoblot analyses) and mRNA levels (qRT-PCR). RESULTS High levels of eIF6 correlated with shorter overall survival in biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients (n = 28). Immunohistochemical data from tissue microarrays (n = 114) demonstrated significantly higher expression levels of eIF6 in GBC compared to non-neoplastic tissue. Higher eIF6 expression on protein (immunoblot) and mRNA (qRT-PCR) level was confirmed by analyzing fresh frozen GBC patient samples (n = 14). Depletion of eIF6 (using specific siRNA-mediated knockdown) in Mz-ChA-2 and TFK-1 cell lines inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our data indicates that eIF6 overexpression plays a major role in the translational control of GBC, and indicates its potential as a new biomarker and therapeutic target in GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Golob-Schwarzl
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Dermatology and Venerology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Wodlej
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Graz, Austria
| | - Florian Kleinegger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department for Biomedical Research, Core Facility Alternative Biomodels and Preclinical Imaging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Margit Gogg-Kamerer
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Johannes Petzold
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ariane Aigelsreiter
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Thalhammer
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Young Nyun Park
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, College of Medicine Soul, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Graz, Austria.
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39210, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Department of Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Wang Q, Han A, Chen L, Sun J, Lin Z, Zhang X, Ren X. Paip1 overexpression is involved in the progression of gastric cancer and predicts shorter survival of diagnosed patients. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6565-6576. [PMID: 31496746 PMCID: PMC6701649 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s202698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a major leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Polyadenylate (poly(A))-binding protein (PABP)-interacting protein 1 (Paip1) is a key regulator in the initiation of translation; however, its role in GC remains to be investigated. Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine Paip1 expression levels and investigate its underlying molecular mechanism in GC. Patients and methods In the present study, a total of 90 GC samples and 90 adjacent noncancerous tissues were used to examine the expression of Paip1. In order to gain a deep insight into the molecular mechanism of Paip1 in GC, the Paip1 siRNA sequences were transfected into GC cell lines (MGC-803 and SGC-7901), respectively. Meanwhile, Paip1 plasmid was used to mediate overexpression of Paip1. Cell proliferation were examined via colony formation assay, EdU assay and flow cytometry assay. Cell metastasis were discovered via wound healing assay and Transwell assays. In addition, key EMT makers were detected by Western blotting assay. Results In this study, Paip1 expression was observed to be upregulated in GC and was associated with shorter overall survival. Knockdown of Paip1 inhibited cell proliferation, migration and caused cell cycle arrest in GC cells, whereas its overexpression reversed these effects. Another mechanistic study showed that Paip1 overexpression promoted EMT progression and regulated its targets expression. Conclusion High expression of Paip1 plays a significant role in the progression of GC and may be a potential biomarker of poor prognosis as well as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianrong Wang
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Anna Han
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyan Chen
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianglan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji City, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.,Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xiangshan Ren
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
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Impact of Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibition on the Proteomic Profile of Lung Adenocarcinoma as Measured by Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis Coupled with Mass Spectrometry. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080806. [PMID: 31370342 PMCID: PMC6721529 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is an important chaperone in lung adenocarcinoma, with relevant protein drivers such as EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and EML4-ALK (echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like protein4 fused to anaplastic lymphoma kinase) depending on it for their correct function, therefore HSP90 inhibitors show promise as potential treatments for lung adenocarcinoma. To study responses to its inhibition, HSP90 was pharmacologically interrupted by geldanamycin and resorcinol derivatives or with combined inhibition of HSP90 plus HSP70 in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Two-dimensional electrophoresis was performed to identify proteomic profiles associated with inhibition which will help to understand the biological basis for the responses. HSP90 inhibition resulted in altered protein profiles that differed according the treatment condition studied. Results revealed 254 differentially expressed proteins after treatments, among which, eukaryotic translation initiation factor3 subunit I (eIF3i) and citrate synthase demonstrated their potential role as response biomarkers. The differentially expressed proteins also enabled signalling pathways involved in responses to be identified; these included apoptosis, serine-glycine biosynthesis and tricarboxylic acid cycle. The proteomic profiles identified here contribute to an improved understanding of HSP90 inhibition and open possibilities for the detection of potential response biomarkers which will be essential to maximize treatment efficacy in lung adenocarcinoma.
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55
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Paulitschke V, Eichhoff O, Gerner C, Paulitschke P, Bileck A, Mohr T, Cheng PF, Leitner A, Guenova E, Saulite I, Freiberger SN, Irmisch A, Knapp B, Zila N, Chatziisaak TP, Stephan J, Mangana J, Kunstfeld R, Pehamberger H, Aebersold R, Dummer R, Levesque MP. Proteomic identification of a marker signature for MAPKi resistance in melanoma. EMBO J 2019; 38:e95874. [PMID: 31267558 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201695874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MAPK inhibitors (MAPKi) show outstanding clinical response rates in melanoma patients harbouring BRAF mutations, but resistance is common. The ability of melanoma cells to switch from melanocytic to mesenchymal phenotypes appears to be associated with therapeutic resistance. High-throughput, subcellular proteome analyses and RNAseq on two panels of primary melanoma cells that were either sensitive or resistant to MAPKi revealed that only 15 proteins were sufficient to distinguish between these phenotypes. The two proteins with the highest discriminatory power were PTRF and IGFBP7, which were both highly upregulated in the mesenchymal-resistant cells. Proteomic analysis of CRISPR/Cas-derived PTRF knockouts revealed targets involved in lysosomal activation, endocytosis, pH regulation, EMT, TGFβ signalling and cell migration and adhesion, as well as a significantly reduced invasive index and ability to form spheres in 3D culture. Overexpression of PTRF led to MAPKi resistance, increased cell adhesion and sphere formation. In addition, immunohistochemistry of patient samples showed that PTRF expression levels were a significant biomarker of poor progression-free survival, and IGFBP7 levels in patient sera were shown to be higher after relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Paulitschke
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ossia Eichhoff
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Paulitschke
- Institute of Physics, Center for NanoScience, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Bileck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Phil F Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Leitner
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuella Guenova
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ieva Saulite
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra N Freiberger
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anja Irmisch
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Knapp
- Department of Statistics, Protein Informatics Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nina Zila
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Jürgen Stephan
- Institute of Physics, Center for NanoScience, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Joanna Mangana
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Kunstfeld
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hubert Pehamberger
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ruedi Aebersold
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mitchell P Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Cui L, Liu M, Lai S, Hou H, Diao T, Zhang D, Wang M, Zhang Y, Wang J. Androgen upregulates the palmitoylation of eIF3L in human prostate LNCaP cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:4451-4459. [PMID: 31239713 PMCID: PMC6556480 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s193480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Western countries. Most patients diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer can be treated with the main treatment: androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The androgen receptor (AR) signaling axis plays a pivotal role in the progression of prostate cancer. However, most patients can ultimately progress to the castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) stage within 2 years. At this stage, drugs targeting the AR signaling axis, including enzalutamide and abiraterone acetate, cannot prevent the progression of prostate cancer, thus predicting a poor prognosis. The molecular mechanism lies in the aberrant AR reactivation, which exhibits an adaptive response to ADT, such as the presence of AR splice variants. Thus, CRPC treatment remains a challenge. Purpose: In addition to the AR axis, a mechanism leading to this progression should be determined. The present study mainly compared palmitoylated proteins between androgen-treated LNCaP cells and non-treated LNCaP cells by palmitoylome profiling, to illustrate the changes at proteomic levels. Materials and methods: To screen the androgen-induced palmitoylated proteins, we conducted proteomic experiments using clickable palmitate probe (Alk-C16) between three individual pairs of androgen-treated and non-treated LNCaP cells. Results: We identified 4351 unique peptides corresponding to 835 proteins, among them a number of these identified proteins were palmitoylated proteins, particularly eIF3L. Androgen treatment significantly increased the palmitoylation level of eIF3L, an individual subunit of eIF3. As an initiation factor, eIF3L plays a pivotal role in the translation of mRNAs encoding growth-promoting proteins by enhancing translation rates, thus controlling cell proliferation. Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrated that the regulation of eIF3L palmitoylation may provide new directions for the therapy of prostate cancer. Moreover, the increased level of androgen-induced eIF3L may be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of early-stage prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luwei Cui
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shicong Lai
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Hou
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongxiang Diao
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dalei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoguang Zhang
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianye Wang
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Phang CW, Gandah NA, Abd Malek SN, Karsani SA. Proteomic analysis of flavokawain C-induced cell death in HCT 116 colon carcinoma cell line. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 853:388-399. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Goodman LD, Prudencio M, Srinivasan AR, Rifai OM, Lee VMY, Petrucelli L, Bonini NM. eIF4B and eIF4H mediate GR production from expanded G4C2 in a Drosophila model for C9orf72-associated ALS. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:62. [PMID: 31023341 PMCID: PMC6485101 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0711-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of an expanded (GGGGCC)n repeat (termed G4C2) within the first intron of C9orf72 in familial ALS/FTD has led to a number of studies showing that the aberrant expression of G4C2 RNA can produce toxic dipeptides through repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN-) translation. To reveal canonical translation factors that impact this process, an unbiased loss-of-function screen was performed in a G4C2 fly model that maintained the upstream intronic sequence of the human gene and contained a GFP tag in the GR reading frame. 11 of 48 translation factors were identified that impact production of the GR-GFP protein. Further investigations into two of these, eIF4B and eIF4H, revealed that downregulation of these factors reduced toxicity caused by the expression of expanded G4C2 and reduced production of toxic GR dipeptides from G4C2 transcripts. In patient-derived cells and in post-mortem tissue from ALS/FTD patients, eIF4H was found to be downregulated in cases harboring the G4C2 mutation compared to patients lacking the mutation and healthy individuals. Overall, these data define eIF4B and eIF4H as disease modifiers whose activity is important for RAN-translation of the GR peptide from G4C2-transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey D. Goodman
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Neuroscience Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Mercedes Prudencio
- 0000 0004 0443 9942grid.417467.7Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Ananth R. Srinivasan
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Olivia M. Rifai
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Virginia M.-Y. Lee
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- 0000 0004 0443 9942grid.417467.7Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Nancy M. Bonini
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Neuroscience Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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Li N, Piao J, Wang X, Kim KY, Bae JY, Ren X, Lin Z. Paip1 Indicated Poor Prognosis in Cervical Cancer and Promoted Cervical Carcinogenesis. Cancer Res Treat 2019; 51:1653-1665. [PMID: 31010277 PMCID: PMC6790838 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2018.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was aimed to investigate the role of poly(A)-binding protein-interacting protein 1 (Paip1) in cervical carcinogenesis. Materials and Methods The expression of Paip1 in normal cervical epithelial tissues and cervical cancer (CC) tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. In vivo and in vitro assays were performed to validate effect of Paip1 on CC progression. Results Paip1 was found to be up-regulated in CC, which was linked with shorter survival. Knockdown of Paip1 inhibited cell growth, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in CC cells, whereas its overexpression reversed these effects. The in vivo tumor model confirmed the pro-tumor role of Paip1 in CC growth. Conclusion Altogether, the investigation demonstrated the clinical significance of Paip1 expression, which prompted that the up-regulated of Paip1 can presumably be a potential prognostic and progression marker for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Pathology & Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Junjie Piao
- Department of Pathology & Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Department of Pathology & Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Ki-Yeol Kim
- Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yoon Bae
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xiangshan Ren
- Department of Pathology & Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Pathology & Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of the Science and Technology, Department of Jilin Province, Yanji, China
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Current Coverage of the mTOR Pathway by Next-Generation Sequencing Oncology Panels. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030690. [PMID: 30764584 PMCID: PMC6387057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mTOR pathway is in the process of establishing itself as a key access-point of novel oncological drugs and targeted therapies. This is also reflected by the growing number of mTOR pathway genes included in commercially available next-generation sequencing (NGS) oncology panels. This review summarizes the portfolio of medium sized diagnostic, as well as research destined NGS panels and their coverage of the mTOR pathway, including 16 DNA-based panels and the current gene list of Foundation One as a major reference entity. In addition, we give an overview of interesting, mTOR-associated somatic mutations that are not yet incorporated. Especially eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs), a group of mTOR downstream proteins, are on the rise as far as diagnostics and drug targeting in precision medicine are concerned. This review aims to raise awareness for the true coverage of NGS panels, which should be valuable in selecting the ideal platform for diagnostics and research.
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Silva J, Fernandes R, Romão L. Translational Regulation by Upstream Open Reading Frames and Human Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1157:99-116. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-19966-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Tian Y, Zhao K, Yuan L, Li J, Feng S, Feng Y, Fang Z, Li H, Deng R. EIF3B correlates with advanced disease stages and poor prognosis, and it promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Biomark 2018; 23:291-300. [PMID: 30198870 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Department of Medical Examination, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Medical Examination, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Medical Examination, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Luer Yuan
- Shanghai Qeejen Bio-tech Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialing Li
- Shanghai Qeejen Bio-tech Institution, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Yufeng Feng
- Shanghai Qeejen Bio-tech Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongqi Fang
- Animal Science and Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Hui Li
- Shanghai Qeejen Bio-tech Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruoyu Deng
- Shanghai Qeejen Bio-tech Institution, Shanghai, China
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Cysteine Proteases from V. cundinamarcensis ( C. candamarcensis) Inhibit Melanoma Metastasis and Modulate Expression of Proteins Related to Proliferation, Migration and Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102846. [PMID: 30241282 PMCID: PMC6212992 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that P1G10, a proteolytic fraction from Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis latex, reduced the tumor mass in animals bearing melanoma, increased in vitro DNA fragmentation and decreased cell adhesion. Here, we present some molecular and cellular events related to the antimetastatic effect induced by the CMS-2 fraction derived from P1G10 in metastatic melanoma B16-F10 and melanocyte Melan-a. Using difference gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, we identified four proteins overexpressed in tumor cells, all of them related to proliferation, survival, migration and cell invasion, that had their expression normalized upon treatment with CMS-2: nucleophosmin 1, heat shock protein 65, calcyclin binding protein and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4H. In addition, some antioxidant and glycolytic enzymes show increased expression after exposure to CMS-2, along with an induction of melanogenesis (differentiation marker). The down regulation of cofilin 1, a protein involved in cell motility, may explain the inhibition of cell migration and dendritic-like outgrowth in B16-F10 and Melan-a, observed after CMS-2 treatment. Taken together, it is argued that CMS-2 modulates the expression of proteins related to metastatic development, driving the cell to a more differentiated-like state. These effects support the CMS-2 antimetastatic activity and place this fraction in the category of anticancer agent.
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Feng X, Li J, Liu P. The Biological Roles of Translation Initiation Factor 3b. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1630-1635. [PMID: 30416377 PMCID: PMC6216031 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.26932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Translation has important roles in almost all physiological and pathological processes, and translation initiation factors are particularly relevant to the translation initiation step, which is the most important step in translation regulation. Translation initiation factor 3b (eIF3b), a key subunit of the largest translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3), is widely considered a scaffold protein that acts to ensure the accuracy of translation initiation. A series of recent finds has revealed that eIF3 is closely related to oncogenesis. However, the concrete mechanism by which eIF3b is involve in carcinogenesis remains elusive. Here, we summarize a series of research findings regarding the relationship between eIF3b, translation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Feng
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Juan Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Peijun Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
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Unterluggauer JJ, Prochazka K, Tomazic PV, Huber HJ, Seeboeck R, Fechter K, Steinbauer E, Gruber V, Feichtinger J, Pichler M, Weniger MA, Küppers R, Sill H, Schicho R, Neumeister P, Beham-Schmid C, Deutsch AJA, Haybaeck J. Expression profile of translation initiation factor eIF2B5 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and its correlation to clinical outcome. Blood Cancer J 2018; 8:79. [PMID: 30190479 PMCID: PMC6127263 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-018-0112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julia J Unterluggauer
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Peter V Tomazic
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heinrich J Huber
- Institute for Automation Engineering, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rita Seeboeck
- Department Life Sciences, IMC University of Applied Sciences Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Karoline Fechter
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Steinbauer
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Verena Gruber
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Feichtinger
- Institute of Computational Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Omics Center Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Pichler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marc A Weniger
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ralf Küppers
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heinz Sill
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Schicho
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Neumeister
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christine Beham-Schmid
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Luo CH, Zhao M, Chen XY, Shahabi S, Qiang W, Zeng L, Wang J, Zhou HH. HE4 and eIF3a Expression Correlates with Surgical Outcome and Overall Survival in Ovarian Cancer Patients with Secondary Cytoreduction. J Cancer 2018; 9:2472-2479. [PMID: 30026845 PMCID: PMC6036880 DOI: 10.7150/jca.25184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
For recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC), secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS) is recommended as one optional treatment. However, little is known about the expression and clinical significance of biomarkers during SCS. Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a clinical biomarker for ovarian cancer. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3a (eIF3a) is investigated extensively as a potential biomarker for malignancy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expressions of HE4 and eIF3a at SCS, as well as their associations with surgical outcome and survival in ROC patients. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the expressions of HE4 and eIF3a in ovarian tumors taken from both initial and secondary cytoreductive surgery of 35 ROC patients. eIF3a levels were significantly increased at SCS, compared to those at initial cytoreductive surgery (ICS), while HE4 levels were similar. Both HE4 and eIF3a expressions were associated with surgical outcome, in terms of residual tumor. For ICS, patients with high HE4 expression achieved a higher incidence of optimal cytoreduction than those with low HE4 expression (81.0% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.015). A similar result happened in SCS, indicated by higher incidence of no residual tumor in patients with high HE4 expression (76.4% vs. 44.4%, P = 0.046). And high HE4 expression at SCS was more likely to enhance surgical outcome of SCS (77.8% vs. 29.4%, P = 0.038). Therefore, high HE4 expression at either surgery is a predictor of better overall survival (OS) (P = 0.011 and 0.002). Furthermore, patients with an elevated total score (TS) of HE4 between the two surgeries tended to have prolonged OS, compared to those with a non-elevated TS of HE4 (P = 0.076). For eIF3a, initial eIF3a expression was associated with secondary residual tumor (P = 0.035), and the difference in eIF3a expression between the two surgeries correlated with OS (P = 0.052). The expressions of HE4 and eIF3a in tumor specimens correlated with surgical outcome and predicted OS in ROC patients with SCS, thus meriting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hui Luo
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shohreh Shahabi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Prentice Women's Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Wenan Qiang
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology-Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Liang Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Hong S, Liu Y, Xiong H, Cai D, Fan Q. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3H suppression inhibits osteocarcinoma cell growth and tumorigenesis. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:4925-4931. [PMID: 29805516 PMCID: PMC5952081 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3H subunit (EIF3H) is a member of the EIF3 family and exhibits a central role in translation initiation in higher eukaryotes. Although EIF3H expression is upregulated in numerous tumour types, its potential role in human osteosarcoma (OS) has not yet been investigated. In the present study, it was demonstrated that EIF3H mRNA expression was upregulated in the human OS cell lines Saos-2 and U2OS. A recombinant lentivirus harbouring short hairpin RNA targeting EIF3H was constructed and successfully infected human OS Saos-2 and U2OS cells, resulting in 95% downregulated EIF3H expression compared with the respective control groups. Knockdown of EIF3H significantly inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of OS cells in vitro, and tumour growth in nude mice in vivo. Flow cytometry analysis revealed cell cycle arrest and promotion of apoptosis in OS cells with EIF3H knocked down. In conclusion, the results strongly suggested that EIF3H is a critical factor mediating the growth of OS cells and may represent a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Huazhang Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Dongfeng Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Qinghong Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
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Zila N, Bileck A, Muqaku B, Janker L, Eichhoff OM, Cheng PF, Dummer R, Levesque MP, Gerner C, Paulitschke V. Proteomics-based insights into mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor resistance of cerebral melanoma metastases. Clin Proteomics 2018. [PMID: 29541007 PMCID: PMC5844114 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-018-9189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MAP kinase inhibitor (MAPKi) therapy for BRAF mutated melanoma is characterized by high response rates but development of drug resistance within a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 9-12 months. Understanding mechanisms of resistance and identifying effective therapeutic alternatives is one of the most important scientific challenges in melanoma. Using proteomics, we want to specifically gain insight into the pathophysiological process of cerebral metastases. Methods Cerebral metastases from melanoma patients were initially analyzed by a LC-MS shotgun approach performed on a QExactive HF hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometer. For further validation steps after bioinformatics analysis, a targeted LC-QQQ-MS approach, as well as Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry was performed. Results In this pilot study, we were able to identify 5977 proteins by LC-MS analysis (data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD007592). Based on PFS, samples were classified into good responders (PFS ≥ 6 months) and poor responders (PFS [Formula: see text] 3 months). By evaluating these proteomic profiles according to gene ontology (GO) terms, KEGG pathways and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), we could characterize differences between the two distinct groups. We detected an EMT feature (up-regulation of N-cadherin) as classifier between the two groups, V-type proton ATPases, cell adhesion proteins and several transporter and exchanger proteins to be significantly up-regulated in poor responding patients, whereas good responders showed an immune activation, among other features. We identified class-discriminating proteins based on nearest shrunken centroids, validated and quantified this signature by a targeted approach and could correlate parts of this signature with resistance using the CPL/MUW proteome database and survival of patients by TCGA analysis. We further validated an EMT-like signature as a major discriminator between good and poor responders on primary melanoma cells derived from cerebral metastases. Higher immune activity is demonstrated in patients with good response to MAPKi by immunohistochemical staining of biopsy samples of cerebral melanoma metastases. Conclusions Employing proteomic analysis, we confirmed known extra-cerebral resistance mechanisms in the cerebral metastases and further discovered possible brain specific mechanisms of drug efflux, which might serve as treatment targets or as predictive markers for these kinds of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Zila
- 1Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.,2Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,3University of Applied Sciences (FH Campus Wien), Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Bileck
- 2Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Besnik Muqaku
- 2Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Janker
- 2Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ossia M Eichhoff
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Phil F Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mitchell P Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christopher Gerner
- 2Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Paulitschke
- 1Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.,Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Luo CH, Zhao M, Tang YX, Shahabi S, Fang KN, Chen Y, Tang Y, Chen XY, Wang J, Zhou HH. Increased HE4 mRNA Expression Correlates with High Level Of eIF3a mRNA And Better Survival in Women with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. J Cancer 2018; 9:1088-1095. [PMID: 29581788 PMCID: PMC5868176 DOI: 10.7150/jca.23639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is one of the most promising biomarkers for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The majority of previous studies utilized the serum level or tissue protein expression of HE4 based upon immunohistochemistry (IHC) to evaluate the role of HE4 in the diagnosis, prognosis, and surveillance of EOC, but very little is known about HE4 mRNA expression. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3a (eIF3a) is implicated in oncogenesis and has been investigated extensively as a potential biomarker for malignancy. We previously reported a positive correlation between IHC expressions of eIF3a and HE4 in EOC. In the present study, we performed RT-PCR to determine mRNA expressions of HE4 and eIF3a in 30 normal ovarian tissues, 45 benign, 20 borderline and 94 malignant ovarian tumors. The association of HE4 and eIF3a mRNA expressions with clinicopathological characteristics and patient survivals was investigated. IHC was also performed in the same participants to investigate the correlation between mRNA and protein levels of HE4. HE4 mRNA level was found to be 48.42 ± 74.55 (mean ± SD, range: 0.01-343.99), significantly higher in primary EOC than in the borderline tumor, benign tumor, and normal ovarian tissue (P<0.001). The cutoff value was 13.99 for HE4 to discriminate malignant from benign tumors at 68.1% sensitivity and 93.0% specificity. By Spearman's correlation test, HE4 mRNA expression was indicated to positively correlate with serum CA125 level (r=0.530, P<0.001). Higher HE4 mRNA expression was associated with decreased frequency of lymph node metastasis (P=0.038) and better overall survival (OS) (P=0.007) in primary EOC. Multivariable analysis showed an independent prognostic value of the relative mRNA level of HE4 greater than one for OS (Hazard Ratio, 0.069, 95%CI, 0.009-0.530, P=0.010). eIF3a mRNA expression in women with primary EOC was 0.95 ± 1.19 (mean ± SD, range: 0.06-7.46), which was in a positive linear correlation with HE4 mRNA expression (r=0.310, P=0.002). In the present study, the HE4 mRNA level was unparalleled with IHC expression of HE4 (P>0.05). Collectively, our study revealed that increased HE4 mRNA expression correlates with high level of eIF3a mRNA and better survival in women with EOC, which calls for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hui Luo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory Animal Research Center, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xi Tang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shohreh Shahabi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Prentice Women's Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kai-Ning Fang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Elevated expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3H is associated with proliferation, invasion and tumorigenicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:49888-49901. [PMID: 27340783 PMCID: PMC5226555 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim We studied the role of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit H (EIF3H) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Results High EIF3H expression was observed in 50.23% patients. Upregulation of EIF3H is an independent predictor for greater rates of cancer recurrence and shorter overall survival in HCC patients. Knockdown of EIF3H expression in HCC cells promoted apoptosis, and inhibited cell growth, colony formation, migration, as well as xenograft growth. TGF-βand MAPK pathways are potentially targeted by EIF3H. Methods EIF3H mRNA expression was measured in HCC tissue samples and paired non-tumor samples (N=60) and results were validated in another dataset of 215 HCC patients. Then EIF3H expression and clinical outcomes were correlated. Malignant phenotypes were studied after EIF3H expression was knocked down with siRNA in HCC cell lines. EIF3H targeted pathways were identified by microarray analysis. Conclusion EIF3H is frequently upregulated and is an independent prognostic marker for HCC patients and EIF3H inhibition mitigates the malignant phenotype. Our data provide novel insight into the function of EIF3H in HCC progression, and suggest that EIF3H may be a potentially valuable biomarker for HCC.
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Hassan MK, Kumar D, Naik M, Dixit M. The expression profile and prognostic significance of eukaryotic translation elongation factors in different cancers. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191377. [PMID: 29342219 PMCID: PMC5771626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation factors, especially initiation factors have garnered much attention with regards to their role in the onset and progression of different cancers. However, the expression levels and prognostic significance of translation elongation factors remain poorly explored in different cancers. In this study, we have investigated the mRNA transcript levels of seven translation elongation factors in different cancer types using Oncomine and TCGA databases. Furthermore, we have identified the prognostic significance of these factors using Kaplan-Meier Plotter and SurvExpress databases. We observed altered expression levels of all the elongation factors in different cancers. Higher expression of EEF1A2, EEF1B2, EEF1G, EEF1D, EEF1E1 and EEF2 was observed in most of the cancer types, whereas reverse trend was observed for EEF1A1. Overexpression of many factors predicted poor prognosis in breast (EEF1D, EEF1E1, EEF2) and lung cancer (EEF1A2, EEF1B2, EEF1G, EEF1E1). However, we didn’t see any common correlation of expression levels of elongation factors with survival outcomes across cancer types. Cancer subtype stratification showed association of survival outcomes and expression levels of elongation factors in specific sub-types of breast, lung and gastric cancer. Most interestingly, we observed a reciprocal relationship between the expression levels of the two EEF1A isoforms viz. EEF1A1 and EEF1A2, in most of the cancer types. Our results suggest that translation elongation factors can have a role in tumorigenesis and affect survival in cancer specific manner. Elongation factors have potential to serve as biomarkers and therapeutic drug targets, yet further study is required. Reciprocal relationship of differential expression between EEF1A isoforms observed in multiple cancer types indicates opposing roles in cancer and needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Khurshidul Hassan
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Bhimpur- Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Bhimpur- Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, India
| | - Monali Naik
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Bhimpur- Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, India
| | - Manjusha Dixit
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Bhimpur- Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, India
- * E-mail:
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Singh G, Roy J, Rout P, Mallick B. Genome-wide profiling of the PIWI-interacting RNA-mRNA regulatory networks in epithelial ovarian cancers. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190485. [PMID: 29320577 PMCID: PMC5761873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PIWI-interacting (piRNAs), ~23–36 nucleotide-long small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), earlier believed to be germline-specific, have now been identified in somatic cells, including cancer cells. These sncRNAs impact critical biological processes by fine-tuning gene expression at post-transcriptional and epigenetic levels. The expression of piRNAs in ovarian cancer, the most lethal gynecologic cancer is largely uncharted. In this study, we investigated the expression of PIWILs by qRT-PCR and western blotting and then identified piRNA transcriptomes in tissues of normal ovary and two most prevalent epithelial ovarian cancer subtypes, serous and endometrioid by small RNA sequencing. We detected 219, 256 and 234 piRNAs in normal ovary, endometrioid and serous ovarian cancer samples respectively. We observed piRNAs are encoded from various genomic regions, among which introns harbor the majority of them. Surprisingly, piRNAs originated from different genomic contexts showed the varied level of conservations across vertebrates. The functional analysis of predicted targets of differentially expressed piRNAs revealed these could modulate key processes and pathways involved in ovarian oncogenesis. Our study provides the first comprehensive piRNA landscape in these samples and a useful resource for further functional studies to decipher new mechanistic views of piRNA-mediated gene regulatory networks affecting ovarian oncogenesis. The RNA-seq data is submitted to GEO database (GSE83794).
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Singh
- RNAi and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology – Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Jyoti Roy
- RNAi and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology – Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Pratiti Rout
- RNAi and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology – Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Bibekanand Mallick
- RNAi and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology – Rourkela, Odisha, India
- * E-mail: ,
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73
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Piao J, Chen L, Jin T, Xu M, Quan C, Lin Z. Paip1 affects breast cancer cell growth and represents a novel prognostic biomarker. Hum Pathol 2017; 73:33-40. [PMID: 29258905 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Polyadenylate-binding protein-interacting protein 1 (Paip1) regulates translational initiation. Increasing evidence suggests that Paip1 plays important roles in cancer development and progression. This study explored the role of Paip1 in breast cancer progression and evaluated its prognostic value. The cellular location of Paip1 protein was determined using immunofluorescence. Then, Paip1 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining in 119 breast cancers and 40 normal breast tissues. The correlation between Paip1 expression and the clinicopathologic features of breast cancer was evaluated using the χ2 test, and differences in survival curves were analyzed using log-rank tests. The role of Paip1 in breast cancer proliferation and cell cycle progression was identified by siRNA transfection. Paip1 was expressed mainly in the cytoplasm of cancer cells and tissues. Expression was observed in 60.5% of the breast cancers (72/119), which was significantly higher than in normal breast tissues (17.5%; 7/40). High expression of Paip1 protein was associated with high histologic grade, late clinical stage, and a low survival rate. Multivariate analysis indicated that Paip1 was an independent prognostic factor. Additionally, Paip1 depletion by RNAi significantly decreased cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that Paip1 promotes the growth of breast cancers and could be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Piao
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Liyan Chen
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Tiefeng Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Chunji Quan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji 133002, China.
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Abstract
This review by Kearse and Wilusz discusses the profound impact of non-AUG start codons in eukaryotic translation. It describes how misregulation of non-AUG initiation events contributes to multiple human diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration, and how modulation of non-AUG usage may represent a novel therapeutic strategy. Although it was long thought that eukaryotic translation almost always initiates at an AUG start codon, recent advancements in ribosome footprint mapping have revealed that non-AUG start codons are used at an astonishing frequency. These non-AUG initiation events are not simply errors but instead are used to generate or regulate proteins with key cellular functions; for example, during development or stress. Misregulation of non-AUG initiation events contributes to multiple human diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration, and modulation of non-AUG usage may represent a novel therapeutic strategy. It is thus becoming increasingly clear that start codon selection is regulated by many trans-acting initiation factors as well as sequence/structural elements within messenger RNAs and that non-AUG translation has a profound impact on cellular states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Kearse
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104 USA
| | - Jeremy E Wilusz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104 USA
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Marcon BH, Holetz FB, Eastman G, Origa-Alves AC, Amorós MA, de Aguiar AM, Rebelatto CK, Brofman PRS, Sotelo-Silveira J, Dallagiovanna B. Downregulation of the protein synthesis machinery is a major regulatory event during early adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stromal cells. Stem Cell Res 2017; 25:191-201. [PMID: 29156375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Commitment of adult stem cells involves the activation of specific gene networks regulated from transcription to protein synthesis. Here, we used ribosome profiling to identify mRNAs regulated at the translational level, through both differential association to polysomes and modulation of their translational rates. We observed that translational regulation during the differentiation of human adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs, also known as adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells), a subset of which are stem cells, to adipocytes was a major regulatory event. hASCs showed a significant reduction of whole protein synthesis after adipogenic induction and a downregulation of the expression and translational efficiency of ribosomal proteins. Additionally, focal adhesion and cytoskeletal proteins were downregulated at the translational level. This negative regulation of the essential biological functions of hASCs resulted in a reduction in cell size and the potential of hASCs to migrate. We analyzed whether the inactivation of key translation initiation factors was involved in this observed major repression of translation. We showed that there was an increase in the hypo phosphorylated forms of 4E-BP1, a negative regulator of translation, during early adipogenesis. Our results showed that extensive translational regulation occurred during the early stage of the adipogenic differentiation of hASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna H Marcon
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Paraná, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Fabíola B Holetz
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Paraná, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Guillermo Eastman
- Department of Genomics, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Avenida Italia 3318, CP 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ana Carolina Origa-Alves
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Paraná, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Mariana Andrea Amorós
- Laboratory of Stem Cells, Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine - National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alessandra Melo de Aguiar
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Paraná, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Carmen K Rebelatto
- Núcleo de Tecnologia Celular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155, Curitiba, PR 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Paulo R S Brofman
- Núcleo de Tecnologia Celular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155, Curitiba, PR 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Jose Sotelo-Silveira
- Department of Genomics, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Avenida Italia 3318, CP 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Bruno Dallagiovanna
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Paraná, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, Curitiba, PR 81350-010, Brazil.
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Burwick N, Aktas BH. The eIF2-alpha kinase HRI: a potential target beyond the red blood cell. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:1171-1177. [PMID: 29063813 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1397133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The eIF2α kinase heme-regulated inhibitor (HRI) is one of four well-described kinases that phosphorylate eIF2α in response to various cell stressors, resulting in reduced ternary complex formation and attenuation of mRNA translation. Although HRI is well known for its role as a heme sensor in erythroid progenitors, pharmacologic activation of HRI has been demonstrated to have anti-cancer activity across a wide range of tumor sub-types. Here, the potential of HRI activators as novel cancer therapeutics is explored. Areas covered: We provide an introduction to eIF2 signaling pathways in general, and specifically review data on the eIF2α kinase HRI in erythroid and non-erythroid cells. We review aspects of targeting eIF2 signaling in cancer and highlight promising data using HRI activators against tumor cells. Expert opinion: Pharmacologic activation of HRI inhibits tumor growth as a single agent without appreciable toxicity in vivo. The ability of HRI activators to provide direct and sustained eIF2α phosphorylation without inducing oxidative stress or broad eIF2α kinase activation may be especially advantageous for tolerability. Combination therapy with established therapeutics may further augment anti-cancer activity to overcome disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Burwick
- a Division of hematology , VA Puget Sound Health Care System , Seattle , WA , USA.,b Division of Hematology , University of Washington School of Medicine , Seattle WA , USA
| | - Bertal H Aktas
- c Department of Medicine , Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
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He J, Wang X, Cai J, Wang W, Qin X. High expression of eIF3d is associated with poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2017; 9:539-544. [PMID: 29123423 PMCID: PMC5661832 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s142324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Eukaryotic initiation factor 3 subunit d (eIF3d) is the largest subunit of eIF3, which is shown to promote protein synthesis in cancer cells. Increased expression of eIF3d has been shown in some types of cancers, but has not been previously studied in gastric cancer (GC). Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze eIF3d expression in GC. Patients and methods Expression of eIF3d was detected by immunohistochemistry in GC tissues and adjacent noncancerous (ANC) tissues. Samples were obtained from 210 patients with GC who had received curative gastrectomy. Clinicopathological features and survival rate were also analyzed. Results Expression rates of eIF3d in GC and ANC were 45.2% and 21.0%, respectively. High expression of eIF3d protein was significantly related to tumor stage, as determined by lymph node metastasis and depth of invasion (p<0.05). The Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that patients with high eIF3d expression had a significantly poor overall survival (p=0.005). Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the level of eIF3d was an independent predictive factor of poor prognosis for GC (p=0.017). Conclusion Expression of eIF3d was upregulated in GC. High expression of eIF3d was determined as an independent poor prognostic factor in GC. It is suggested that eIF3d could be a good biomarker in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi He
- Department of General Surgery, Huadong Hospital
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Huadong Hospital
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huadong Hospital
| | - Xinyu Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Zhao W, Li X, Wang J, Wang C, Jia Y, Yuan S, Huang Y, Shi Y, Tong Z. Decreasing Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 3C (EIF3C) Suppresses Proliferation and Stimulates Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cell Lines Through Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:4182-4191. [PMID: 28854163 PMCID: PMC5590544 DOI: 10.12659/msm.906389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Translation initiation is the rate limiting step of protein synthesis and is highly regulated. Eukaryotic initiation factor 3C (EIF3C), an oncogene overexpressed in several human cancers, plays an important role in tumorigenesis and cell proliferation. Material/Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of EIF3C in breast cancer tissues from 42 patients. We investigated whether EIF3C silencing decreases breast cancer cell proliferation as assessed by colony formation assay, and whether EIF3C gene knockdown induces apoptosis as assessed by flow cytometry analysis. We utilized the stress and apoptosis signaling antibody array kit, while p-ERK1/2, p-Akt, p-Smad2, p-p38 MAPK, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-7 were explored between EIF3C-siRNA and controls. Furthermore, the effects of EIF3C gene knockdown in mTOR pathway were analyzed by western blotting for different cell lines. Results In EIF3C-positive tumors, 32 out of 42 showed significantly higher frequencies of high grade group by immunoreactivity (p=0.0016). BrdU incorporation after four days of cell plating was significantly suppressed in MDA-MB-231 cells by EIF3C knockdown compared with controls, with average changes of 7.8-fold (p<0.01). Clone number was significantly suppressed in MDA-MB-231 cells by EIF3C knockdown compared with controls (p<0.05). Cell apoptosis was significantly increased in the EIF3C-siRNA group when compared with the cells that were transfected with scrambled siRNA (3.51±0.0842 versus 13.24±0.2307, p<0.01). The mTOR signaling pathway was involved in decreasing EIF3C translational efficiency. Conclusions Unveiling the mechanisms of EIF3 action in tumorigenesis may help identify attractive targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Zhao
- Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Xichuan Li
- Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital, Jinan Command of the People's Liberation Army, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Yongsheng Jia
- Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Shunzong Yuan
- Department of Lymphoma, Head and Neck Cancer, The Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Pathology, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yehui Shi
- Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Zhongsheng Tong
- Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China (mainland)
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Knockdown of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D (eIF3D) inhibits proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 438:191-198. [PMID: 28801778 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3127-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Various eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) have been implicated in carcinoma development. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D (eIF3D) has recently been shown to regulate the growth of several types of human cancer cells. However, the function of eIF3D in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression of eIF3D in three AML cell lines and a lymphoblast cell line, and found that eIF3D was expressed in all four leukemia cell lines. To explore the role of eIF3D in AML cell proliferation, lentivirus-mediated RNA interference was applied to knock down the expression of eIF3D in U937 cells. The expression of eIF3D was significantly downregulated in U937 cells after eIF3D knockdown, as confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Knockdown of eIF3D significantly inhibited proliferation of U937 cells. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis revealed that eIF3D silencing induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, ultimately leading to apoptosis. Our results indicate that eIF3D plays a key role in the proliferation of AML cells, and suggest that eIF3D silencing might be a potential therapeutic strategy for leukemia.
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80
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Ali MU, Ur Rahman MS, Jia Z, Jiang C. Eukaryotic translation initiation factors and cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317709805. [PMID: 28653885 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317709805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent technological advancements have shown tremendous mechanistic accomplishments in our understanding of the mechanism of messenger RNA translation in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic messenger RNA translation is very complex process that includes four phases (initiation, elongation, termination, and ribosome recycling) and diverse mechanisms involving protein and non-protein molecules. Translation regulation is principally achieved during initiation step of translation, which is organized by multiple eukaryotic translation initiation factors. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor proteins help in stabilizing the formation of the functional ribosome around the start codon and provide regulatory mechanisms in translation initiation. Dysregulated messenger RNA translation is a common feature of tumorigenesis. Various oncogenic and tumor suppressive genes affect/are affected by the translation machinery, making the components of the translation apparatus promising therapeutic targets for the novel anticancer drug. This review provides details on the role of eukaryotic translation initiation factors in messenger RNA translation initiation, their contribution to onset and progression of tumor, and how dysregulated eukaryotic translation initiation factors can be used as a target to treat carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ali
- 1 Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman
- 1 Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Jia
- 2 Institute of Occupational Diseases, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cao Jiang
- 1 Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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81
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Proteomics analysis of bladder cancer invasion: Targeting EIF3D for therapeutic intervention. Oncotarget 2017; 8:69435-69455. [PMID: 29050215 PMCID: PMC5642490 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced bladder cancer have poor outcomes, indicating a need for more efficient therapeutic approaches. This study characterizes proteomic changes underlying bladder cancer invasion aiming for the better understanding of disease pathophysiology and identification of drug targets. High resolution liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry analysis of tissue specimens from patients with non-muscle invasive (NMIBC, stage pTa) and muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC, stages pT2+) was conducted. Comparative analysis identified 144 differentially expressed proteins between analyzed groups. These included proteins previously associated with bladder cancer and also additional novel such as PGRMC1, FUCA1, BROX and PSMD12, which were further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Pathway and interactome analysis predicted strong activation in muscle invasive bladder cancer of pathways associated with protein synthesis e.g. eIF2 and mTOR signaling. Knock-down of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D (EIF3D) (overexpressed in muscle invasive disease) in metastatic T24M bladder cancer cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and colony formation in vitro and decreased tumor growth in xenograft models. By contrast, knocking down GTP-binding protein Rheb (which is upstream of EIF3D) recapitulated the effects of EIF3D knockdown in vitro, but not in vivo. Collectively, this study represents a comprehensive analysis of NMIBC and MIBC providing a resource for future studies. The results highlight EIF3D as a potential therapeutic target.
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82
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Carvalho A, Chu J, Meinguet C, Kiss R, Vandenbussche G, Masereel B, Wouters J, Kornienko A, Pelletier J, Mathieu V. A harmine-derived beta-carboline displays anti-cancer effects in vitro by targeting protein synthesis. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 805:25-35. [PMID: 28322844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that protein synthesis is deregulated in cancer onset and progression and targeting this process might be a selective way to combat cancers. While harmine is known to inhibit DYRK1A and intercalate into the DNA, tri-substitution was shown previously to modify its activity profile in favor of protein synthesis inhibition. In this study, we thus evaluated the optimized derivative CM16 in vitro anti-cancer effects unfolding its protein synthesis inhibition activity. Indeed, the growth inhibitory profile of CM16 in the NCI 60-cancer-cell-line-panel correlated with those of other compounds described as protein synthesis inhibitors. Accordingly, CM16 decreased in a time- and concentration-dependent manner the translation of neosynthesized proteins in vitro while it did not affect mRNA transcription. CM16 rapidly penetrated into the cell in the perinuclear region of the endoplasmic reticulum where it appears to target translation initiation as highlighted by ribosomal disorganization. More precisely, we found that the mRNA expression levels of the initiation factors EIF1AX, EIF3E and EIF3H differ when comparing resistant or sensitive cell models to CM16. Additionally, CM16 induced eIF2α phosphorylation. Those effects could explain, at least partly, the CM16 cytostatic anti-cancer effects observed in vitro while neither cell cycle arrest nor DNA intercalation could be demonstrated. Therefore, targeting protein synthesis initiation with CM16 could represent a new promising alternative to current cancer therapies due to the specific alterations of the translation machinery in cancer cells as recently evidenced with respect to EIF1AX and eIF3 complex, the potential targets identified in this present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelise Carvalho
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jennifer Chu
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Céline Meinguet
- Namur Medicine and Drug Innovation Center (NAMEDIC-NARILIS), Université de Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Robert Kiss
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guy Vandenbussche
- Laboratory for the Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Masereel
- Namur Medicine and Drug Innovation Center (NAMEDIC-NARILIS), Université de Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Johan Wouters
- Namur Medicine and Drug Innovation Center (NAMEDIC-NARILIS), Université de Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Véronique Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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83
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Zhao Y, Yan M, Yun Y, Zhang J, Zhang R, Li Y, Wu X, Liu Q, Miao W, Jiang H. MicroRNA-455-3p functions as a tumor suppressor by targeting eIF4E in prostate cancer. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2449-2458. [PMID: 28350134 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are strongly implicated in various cancers, including prostate cancer. Recently, microRNA-455-3p (miR-455-3p) has been shown to be aberrantly expressed in many tumor tissues, but its functions in tumorigenesis remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-455-3p in prostate cancer. We found that miR-455-3p is markedly downregulated in prostate cancer cell lines and clinical tumor specimens. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies showed that miR-455-3p promotes prostate cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis and Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that miR-455-3p directly targets and suppresses eIF4E, the rate-limiting factor for cap-dependent translation, which plays important roles in the initiation and progression of prostate cancers. Further studies demonstrated that miR-455-3p inhibits cap-dependent translation and the proliferation of prostate cancer cells through targeting eIF4E. Taken together, our findings suggest that miR-455-3p functions as a tumor suppressor by directly targeting eIF4E in prostate carcinogenesis and may be used as a potential target for therapeutic intervention in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Zhao
- Department of Urinary Surgery of The Fourth Hospital of Baotou, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Mingyu Yan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Ye Yun
- Department of Urinary Surgery of The Fourth Hospital of Baotou, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery of The Fourth Hospital of Baotou, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Ruimin Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery of The Fourth Hospital of Baotou, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Baotou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Xiangming Wu
- Department of Urinary Surgery of The Fourth Hospital of Baotou, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery of The Fourth Hospital of Baotou, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Wei Miao
- Department of Urinary Surgery of The Fourth Hospital of Baotou, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Haishan Jiang
- Department of Urinary Surgery of The Fourth Hospital of Baotou, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
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84
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Role of Eukaryotic Initiation Factors during Cellular Stress and Cancer Progression. J Nucleic Acids 2016; 2016:8235121. [PMID: 28083147 PMCID: PMC5204094 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8235121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein synthesis can be segmented into distinct phases comprising mRNA translation initiation, elongation, and termination. Translation initiation is a highly regulated and rate-limiting step of protein synthesis that requires more than 12 eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs). Extensive evidence shows that the transcriptome and corresponding proteome do not invariably correlate with each other in a variety of contexts. In particular, translation of mRNAs specific to angiogenesis, tumor development, and apoptosis is altered during physiological and pathophysiological stress conditions. In cancer cells, the expression and functions of eIFs are hampered, resulting in the inhibition of global translation and enhancement of translation of subsets of mRNAs by alternative mechanisms. A precise understanding of mechanisms involving eukaryotic initiation factors leading to differential protein expression can help us to design better strategies to diagnose and treat cancer. The high spatial and temporal resolution of translation control can have an immediate effect on the microenvironment of the cell in comparison with changes in transcription. The dysregulation of mRNA translation mechanisms is increasingly being exploited as a target to treat cancer. In this review, we will focus on this context by describing both canonical and noncanonical roles of eIFs, which alter mRNA translation.
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85
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A Novel Strategy for the Preparation of Codon-Optimized Truncated Ulp1 and its Simplified Application to Cleavage the SUMO Fusion Protein. Protein J 2016; 35:115-23. [PMID: 26960810 PMCID: PMC7088175 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-016-9654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-like protease 1 (Ulp1) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae emerges as a fundamental tool to obtain the natural N-terminal target protein by cleavage of the small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) fusion protein. However, the costly commercial Ulp1 and its complicated procedures limit its application in the preparation of the target protein with natural N-terminal sequence. Here, we describe the preparation of bioactive codon-optimized recombinant truncated Ulp1 (Leu403-Lys621) (rtUlp1) of S. cerevisiae in Escherichia coli using only one-step with Ni–NTA affinity chromatograph, and the application of rtUlp1 to cleave the SUMO fusion protein by simply mixing the purified rtUlp1, SUMO fusion protein and DL-Dithiothreitol in Tris–HCl buffer. The optimal expression level of non-fusion protein rtUlp1 accounts for approximately 50 % of the total cellular protein and 36 % of the soluble form by addition of isopropyl β-D-l-thiogalactopyranoside at a final concentration of 0.4 mM at 18 °C for 20 h. The purification of target protein rtUlp1 was conducted by Ni–NTA affinity chromatography. The final yield of rtUlp1 was 45 mg/l in flask fermentation with a purity up to 95 %. Furthermore, the high purity of rtUlp1 could effectively cleave the SUMO-tTβRII fusion protein (SUMO gene fused to truncated transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II gene) with the above simplified approach, and the specific activity of the rtUlp1 reached up to 2.8 × 104 U/mg, which is comparable to the commercial Ulp1. The preparation and application strategy of the rtUlp1 with commonly available laboratory resources in this study will be convenient to the cleavage of the SUMO fusion protein to obtain the natural N-terminal target protein, which can be implemented in difficult-to-express protein functional analysis.
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86
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Hu Z, Cai M, Deng L, Zhu L, Gao J, Tan M, Liu J, Lin B. The fucosylated CD147 enhances the autophagy in epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:82921-82932. [PMID: 27863372 PMCID: PMC5347741 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is modulated by multiple factors including CD147, but little is know about the effects and mechanism by which the modification of CD147 by Lewis y antigen regulates autophagy of ovarian cancer cell. Here, we reported that Lewis y antigen can promote basic autophagy activity and restrain autophagic cell death in ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, human whole genome expression profile microarrays and massage pathway analysis revealed that during early stages of autophagy in ovarian cancer cells with highly expressing Lewis y antigen, PI3K/Akt-mTOR activity was reduced, in contrast, the PI3K/Akt-mTOR signaling pathway was activated as the length of amino acid deprivation increased, which inhibited eIF4G2 expression, further decreased the transcription of autophagy-related genes, suppressed autophagic cell death. we also elaborated that co-regulates protein degradation in cells via the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the autophagy-lysosome pathway. These findings suggested that the modification of CD147 by Lewis y antigen enhanced the survival ability by promoting basic autophagy activity and restraining autophagic cell death in ovarian cancer , thus playing an important role in ovarian cancer malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Mingbo Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Lu Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Liancheng Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Mingzi Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Bei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
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87
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Lin Y, Zhang R, Zhang P. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D overexpression is associated with the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 6:1201-1210. [PMID: 28203520 PMCID: PMC5302064 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most common cause of gynaecological cancer-associated death; thus, promising biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer must be explored. Here, we report that eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D (EIF3D), a member of the EIF3 family, was overexpressed in ovarian cancer clinical tissues. Furthermore, the expression of EIF3D was correlated with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage and pathological differentiation stage. 3-(4,5-dimethylthylthiazol-2-yl)-2 (MTT) and colony formation assays revealed that the lentivirus-mediated knockdown of EIF3D suppresses cell proliferation in the ovarian tumour cell lines CAOV-3 and SKOV-3. Flow cytometry revealed that cells were arrested at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and that cyclin-dependent kinase 1 was also altered after EIF3D silencing. The results presented here demonstrate that EIF3D may play an important role in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaying Lin
- Department of Gynecology Xinhua Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Department of Gynecology Xinhua Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Gynecology Xinhua Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine China
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88
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Wagner S, Herrmannová A, Šikrová D, Valášek LS. Human eIF3b and eIF3a serve as the nucleation core for the assembly of eIF3 into two interconnected modules: the yeast-like core and the octamer. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:10772-10788. [PMID: 27924037 PMCID: PMC5159561 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The 12-subunit mammalian eIF3 is the largest and most complex translation initiation factor and has been implicated in numerous steps of translation initiation, termination and ribosomal recycling. Imbalanced eIF3 expression levels are observed in various types of cancer and developmental disorders, but the consequences of altered eIF3 subunit expression on its overall structure and composition, and on translation in general, remain unclear. We present the first complete in vivo study monitoring the effects of RNAi knockdown of each subunit of human eIF3 on its function, subunit balance and integrity. We show that the eIF3b and octameric eIF3a subunits serve as the nucleation core around which other subunits assemble in an ordered way into two interconnected modules: the yeast-like core and the octamer, respectively. In the absence of eIF3b neither module forms in vivo, whereas eIF3d knock-down results in severe proliferation defects with no impact on eIF3 integrity. Disrupting the octamer produces an array of subcomplexes with potential roles in translational regulation. This study, outlining the mechanism of eIF3 assembly and illustrating how imbalanced expression of eIF3 subunits impacts the factor's overall expression profile, thus provides a comprehensive guide to the human eIF3 complex and to the relationship between eIF3 misregulation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Wagner
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology ASCR, Videnska 1083, Prague, 142 20, the Czech Republic
| | - Anna Herrmannová
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology ASCR, Videnska 1083, Prague, 142 20, the Czech Republic
| | - Darina Šikrová
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology ASCR, Videnska 1083, Prague, 142 20, the Czech Republic
| | - Leoš Shivaya Valášek
- Laboratory of Regulation of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology ASCR, Videnska 1083, Prague, 142 20, the Czech Republic
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89
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Chen B, Zhao J, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Huang Z. HPIP promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation through activation of cap-dependent translation. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3664-3672. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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90
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Kido T, Lau YFC. Identification of a TSPY co-expression network associated with DNA hypomethylation and tumor gene expression in somatic cancers. J Genet Genomics 2016; 43:577-585. [PMID: 27771326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Testis specific protein Y-encoded (TSPY) is a Y-located proto-oncogene predominantly expressed in normal male germ cells and various types of germ cell tumor. Significantly, TSPY is frequently expressed in somatic cancers including liver cancer but not in adjacent normal tissues, suggesting that ectopic TSPY expression could be associated with oncogenesis in non-germ cell cancers. Various studies demonstrated that TSPY expression promotes growth and proliferation in cancer cells; however, its relationship to other oncogenic events in TSPY-positive cancers remains unknown. The present study seeks to correlate TSPY expression with other molecular features in clinical cancer samples, by analyses of RNA-seq transcriptome and DNA methylation data in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. A total of 53 genes, including oncogenic lineage protein 28 homolog B (LIN28B) gene and RNA-binding motif protein Y-linked (RBMY) gene, are identified to be consistently co-expressed with TSPY, and have been collectively designated as the TSPY co-expression network (TCN). TCN genes were simultaneously activated in subsets of liver hepatocellular carcinoma (30%) and lung adenocarcinoma (10%) regardless of pathological stage, but only minimally in other cancer types. Further analysis revealed that the DNA methylation level was globally lower in the TCN-active than TCN-silent cancers. The specific expression and methylation patterns of TCN genes suggest that they could be useful as biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis and clinical management of cancers, especially those for liver and lung cancers, associated with TSPY co-expression network genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Kido
- Division of Cell and Developmental Genetics, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Yun-Fai Chris Lau
- Division of Cell and Developmental Genetics, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
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91
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Abstract
Synthesis of polypeptides from mRNA (translation) is a fundamental cellular process that is coordinated and catalyzed by a set of canonical ‘translation factors’. Surprisingly, the translation factors of Drosophila melanogaster have not yet been systematically identified, leading to inconsistencies in their nomenclature and shortcomings in functional (Gene Ontology, GO) annotations. Here, we describe the complete set of translation factors in D. melanogaster, applying nomenclature already in widespread use in other species, and revising their functional annotation. The collection comprises 43 initiation factors, 12 elongation factors, 3 release factors and 6 recycling factors, totaling 64 of which 55 are cytoplasmic and 9 are mitochondrial. We also provide an overview of notable findings and particular insights derived from Drosophila about these factors. This catalog, together with the incorporation of the improved nomenclature and GO annotation into FlyBase, will greatly facilitate access to information about the functional roles of these important proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Marygold
- a FlyBase, Department of Physiology , Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
| | - Helen Attrill
- a FlyBase, Department of Physiology , Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
| | - Paul Lasko
- b Department of Biology , McGill University , Bellini Life Sciences Complex, Montreal, Quebec , Canada
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92
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Zhang Y, Ran Y, Xiong Y, Zhong ZB, Wang ZH, Fan XL, Ye QF. Effects of TMEM9 gene on cell progression in hepatocellular carcinoma by RNA interference. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:299-305. [PMID: 27220462 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor that has become a global health issue. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of transmembrane protein 9 (TMEM9) in cell progression, such as cell growth, cell cycle, cell metastasis of hepatoma cells, and to discuss the TMEM9 gene‑encoding protein as a potential therapy target of hepatoma. RT-qPCR was performed to examine TMEM9 expression in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues of patients with liver cancer. siRNAs were used to interfere TMEM9 in HepG2 and 7721 cells. A CCK-8 assay was performed to evaluate cell growth at 24, 48 and 72 h. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed using flow cytometry. Transwell assays were used to determine cell invasion, migration and adhesion. The results showed that TMEM9 was expressed abnormally in liver cancers. TMEM9 expression increased significantly in the 34 examined patients. TMEM9 knockdown inhibited proliferation in the HepG2 and 7721 cells. The flow cytometric analysis revealed that TMEM9 knockdown by RNA interference resulted in G1 arrest and induced apoptosis. Cell invasion, migration and adhesion ability were also decreased. Western blotting indicated that expression of the cell cycle‑related proteins CDK1, EIF3H, RPL10L, S100A10, CCNB1 and CCNB2 was significantly decreased. In conclusion, TMEM9 plays an important role in the cell growth of hepatoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yan Ran
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Biao Zhong
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Hua Wang
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Li Fan
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Fa Ye
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan University, Wuchang, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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93
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Zhu L, Liu J, Dao J, Lu K, Li H, Gu H, Liu J, Feng X, Cheng G. Molecular characterization of S. japonicum exosome-like vesicles reveals their regulatory roles in parasite-host interactions. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25885. [PMID: 27172881 PMCID: PMC4865838 DOI: 10.1038/srep25885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted extracellular vesicles play an important role in pathogen-host interactions. Increased knowledge of schistosome extracellular vesicles could provide insights into schistosome-host interactions and enable the development of novel intervention strategies to inhibit parasitic processes and lessen disease transmission. Here, we describe biochemical characterization of Schistosoma japonicum exosome-like vesicles (S. japonicum EVs). A total of 403 proteins were identified in S. japonicum EVs, and bioinformatics analyses indicated that these proteins were mainly involved in binding, catalytic activity, and translation regulatory activity. Next, we characterized the population of small RNAs associated with S. japonicum EVs. Further studies demonstrated that mammalian cells could internalize S. japonicum EVs and transfer their cargo miRNAs to recipient cells. Additionally, we found that a specific miRNA, likely originating from a final host, ocu-miR-191–5p, is also associated with S. japonicum EVs. Overall, our findings demonstrate that S. japonicum EVs could be implicated in the pathogenesis of schistosomiasis via a mechanism involving the transfer of their cargo miRNAs to hosts. Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of schistosome-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Zhu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Juntao Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinwei Dao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Lu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiming Gu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingang Feng
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofeng Cheng
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
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94
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Pan XW, Chen L, Hong Y, Xu DF, Liu X, Li L, Huang Y, Cui LM, Gan SS, Yang QW, Huang H, Qu FJ, Ye JQ, Wang LH, Cui XG. EIF3D silencing suppresses renal cell carcinoma tumorigenesis via inducing G2/M arrest through downregulation of Cyclin B1/CDK1 signaling. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:2580-90. [PMID: 27035563 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
There are no effective therapies for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), except for VEGFR inhibitors with only ~50% response rate. To identify novel targets and biomarkers for RCC is of great importance in treating RCC. In this study, we observed that eukaryotic initiation factor 3d (EIF3D) expression was significantly increased in RCC compared with paracarcinoma tissue using immunohistochemistry staining and western blot analysis. Furthermore, bioinformatics meta-analysis using ONCOMINE microarray datasets showed that EIF3D mRNA expressions in CCRCC tissue specimens were significantly higher than that in normal tissue specimens. In addition, RCC tissue microarray demonstrated that elevated EIF3D expression was positively correlated with TNM stage and tumor size. EIF3D silencing in human 786-O and ACHN CCRCC cell lines by RNA interference demonstrated that EIF3D knockdown obviously inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation, caused G2/M arrest through downregulation of Cyclin B1 and Cdk1 and upregulation of p21, and induced apoptosis shown by sub-G1 accumulation and RARP cleavage. Moreover, correlation analysis using ONCOMINE microarray datasets indicated that increased EIF3D mRNA expression was positively correlated to PCNA, Cyclin B1 and CDK1 mRNA expression in RCC. Collectively, these results provide reasonable evidences that EIF3D may function as a potential proto-oncogene that participates in the occurrence and progression of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Wu Pan
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Yi Hong
- Duruo Biotechnologies Inc., Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Feng Xu
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ming Cui
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Si-Shun Gan
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 201805, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Wei Yang
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Fa-Jun Qu
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 201805, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Qing Ye
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 201805, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Hui Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Gang Cui
- Department of Urinary Surgery of Third Affiliated Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 201805, P.R. China
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95
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Willis A. Translational Control: Selective Upregulation of ECM Components Drives Tumour Growth. Curr Biol 2016; 26:R241-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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96
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Abstract
Male and female differ genetically by their respective sex chromosome composition, that is, XY as male and XX as female. Although both X and Y chromosomes evolved from the same ancestor pair of autosomes, the Y chromosome harbors male-specific genes, which play pivotal roles in male sex determination, germ cell differentiation, and masculinization of various tissues. Deletions or translocation of the sex-determining gene, SRY, from the Y chromosome causes disorders of sex development (previously termed as an intersex condition) with dysgenic gonads. Failure of gonadal development results not only in infertility, but also in increased risks of germ cell tumor (GCT), such as gonadoblastoma and various types of testicular GCT. Recent studies demonstrate that either loss of Y chromosome or ectopic expression of Y chromosome genes is closely associated with various male-biased diseases, including selected somatic cancers. These observations suggest that the Y-linked genes are involved in male health and diseases in more frequently than expected. Although only a small number of protein-coding genes are present in the male-specific region of Y chromosome, the impacts of Y chromosome genes on human diseases are still largely unknown, due to lack of in vivo models and differences between the Y chromosomes of human and rodents. In this review, we highlight the involvement of selected Y chromosome genes in cancer development in men.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yun-Fai Chris Lau
- Division of Cell and Developmental Genetics, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94121, USA
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97
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Liu K, Lei Z, Yao H, Lei S, Zhao H. Impact of a Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 3a Polymorphism on Susceptibility to Gastric Cancer. Med Princ Pract 2016; 25:461-5. [PMID: 27333287 PMCID: PMC5588499 DOI: 10.1159/000447741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms in the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3a (eIF3a) gene and the risk for gastric cancer within the Chinese population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 322 patients with gastric cancer were selected as the patient group and 340 non-gastric cancer patients were selected as the control group using the case-control method. Polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primer technology was leveraged to genotype the rs77382849 single nucleotide polymorphism in the eIF3a gene. The demographic characteristics of the study population and other exposures to risk factors were collected. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between the risk factors and gastric cancer. RESULTS A higher frequency of the eIF3a rs77382849 GG homozygote genotype was observed in the gastric cancer patients compared with the controls (63.98 vs. 54.41%, p < 0.05). After adjustment of exposure risks, such as age, gender, smoking, and drinking, the rs77382849 single nucleotide polymorphism was still associated with susceptibility to gastric cancer. When the eIF3a rs77382849 GG homozygote genotype was used as the reference group, the GA genotype (GA vs. GG: OR = 0.545, 95% CI: 0.386-0.769, p = 0.001) and AA genotype (AA vs. GG: OR = 0.245, 95% CI: 0.072-0.836, p = 0.025) were both correlated with a significantly decreased risk for gastric cancer development. CONCLUSION An association between eIF3a rs77382849 polymorphism and susceptibility to gastric cancer was observed in these Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hua Zhao
- *Dr. Hua Zhao, Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139, Middle Renmin road, Changsha, Hunan 410000 (PR China), E-Mail
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Garcia-Esparcia P, Hernández-Ortega K, Koneti A, Gil L, Delgado-Morales R, Castaño E, Carmona M, Ferrer I. Altered machinery of protein synthesis is region- and stage-dependent and is associated with α-synuclein oligomers in Parkinson's disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2015; 3:76. [PMID: 26621506 PMCID: PMC4666041 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-015-0257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal α-synuclein in selected regions of the brain following a gradient of severity with disease progression. Whether this is accompanied by globally altered protein synthesis is poorly documented. The present study was carried out in PD stages 1-6 of Braak and middle-aged (MA) individuals without alterations in brain in the substantia nigra, frontal cortex area 8, angular gyrus, precuneus and putamen. RESULTS Reduced mRNA expression of nucleolar proteins nucleolin (NCL), nucleophosmin (NPM1), nucleoplasmin 3 (NPM3) and upstream binding transcription factor (UBF), decreased NPM1 but not NPM3 nucleolar protein immunostaining in remaining neurons; diminished 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA; reduced expression of several mRNAs encoding ribosomal protein (RP) subunits; and altered protein levels of initiation factor eIF3 and elongation factor eEF2 of protein synthesis was found in the substantia nigra in PD along with disease progression. Although many of these changes can be related to neuron loss in the substantia nigra, selective alteration of certain factors indicates variable degree of vulnerability of mRNAs, rRNAs and proteins in degenerating sustantia nigra. NPM1 mRNA and 18S rRNA was increased in the frontal cortex area 8 at stage 5-6; modifications were less marked and region-dependent in the angular gyrus and precuneus. Several RPs were abnormally regulated in the frontal cortex area 8 and precuneus, but only one RP in the angular gyrus, in PD. Altered levels of eIF3 and eIF1, and decrease eEF1A and eEF2 protein levels were observed in the frontal cortex in PD. No modifications were found in the putamen at any time of the study except transient modifications in 28S rRNA and only one RP mRNA at stages 5-6. These observations further indicate marked region-dependent and stage-dependent alterations in the cerebral cortex in PD. Altered solubility and α-synuclein oligomer formation, assessed in total homogenate fractions blotted with anti-α-synuclein oligomer-specific antibody, was demonstrated in the substantia nigra and frontal cortex, but not in the putamen, in PD. Dramatic increase in α-synuclein oligomers was also seen in fluorescent-activated cell sorter (FACS)-isolated nuclei in the frontal cortex in PD. CONCLUSIONS Altered machinery of protein synthesis is altered in the substantia nigra and cerebral cortex in PD being the frontal cortex area 8 more affected than the angular gyrus and precuneus; in contrast, pathways of protein synthesis are apparently preserved in the putamen. This is associated with the presence of α-synuclein oligomeric species in total homogenates; substantia nigra and frontal cortex are enriched, albeit with different band patterns, in α-synuclein oligomeric species, whereas α-synuclein oligomers are not detected in the putamen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Garcia-Esparcia
- Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, University of Barcelona, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat; Biomedical Research Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karina Hernández-Ortega
- Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, University of Barcelona, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat; Biomedical Research Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anusha Koneti
- Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, University of Barcelona, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat; Biomedical Research Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Gil
- Department of Genetics, Medical School, Alfonso X el Sabio University, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul Delgado-Morales
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Castaño
- Biology-Bellvitge Unit, Scientific and Technological Centers-University of Barcelona (CCiTUB), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Carmona
- Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, University of Barcelona, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat; Biomedical Research Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, University of Barcelona, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat; Biomedical Research Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.
- Institute of Neuropathology, Service of Pathologic Anatomy, Bellvitge University Hospital, carrer Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
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Chen L, Liu T, Tu Y, Rong D, Cao Y. Cul1 promotes melanoma cell proliferation by promoting DEPTOR degradation and enhancing cap-dependent translation. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:1049-56. [PMID: 26717892 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cullin1 (Cul1) serves as a rigid scaffold in the SCF (Skp1/Cullin/Rbx1/F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and has been found to be overexpressed in melanoma and to enhance melanoma cell proliferation by promoting G1-S phase transition. However, the underlying mechanisms involved in the regulation of melanoma cell proliferation by Cul1 remain poorly understood. In the present study, we found that Cul1 promoted mTORC1 activity and cap-dependent translation by enhancing the ubiquitination and degradation of DEPTOR. We further showed that suppression of the eIF4F complex assembly profoundly inhibited the promoting effect of Cul1 on melanoma cell proliferation, while enhancement of the eIF4F complex activity reversed the inhibitory effect of Cul1 depletion on melanoma cell proliferation, indicating that Cul1 contributes to melanoma cell proliferation by activating cap‑dependent translation. These data elucidate the role of Cul1 in cap-dependent translation and improves our understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in the regulation of melanoma cell proliferation by Cul1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Yunhua Tu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Dongyun Rong
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
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Caruso M, Zhang X, Ma D, Yang Z, Qi Y, Yi Z. Novel Endogenous, Insulin-Stimulated Akt2 Protein Interaction Partners in L6 Myoblasts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140255. [PMID: 26465754 PMCID: PMC4605787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes are marked by an aberrant response in the insulin signaling network. The phosphoinositide-dependent serine/threonine kinase, Akt2, plays a key role in insulin signaling and glucose uptake, most notably within skeletal muscle. Protein-protein interaction regulates the functional consequence of Akt2 and in turn, Akt2's role in glucose uptake. However, only few insulin-responsive Akt2 interaction partners have been identified in skeletal muscle cells. In the present work, rat L6 myoblasts, a widely used insulin sensitive skeletal muscle cell line, were used to examine endogenous, insulin-stimulated Akt2 protein interaction partners. Akt2 co-immunoprecipitation was coupled with 1D-SDS-PAGE and fractions were analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS to reveal Akt2 protein-protein interactions. The pull-down assay displayed specificity for the Akt2 isoform; Akt1 and Akt3 unique peptides were not detected. A total of 49 were detected with a significantly increased (47) or decreased (2) association with Akt2 following insulin administration (n = 4; p<0.05). Multiple pathways were identified for the novel Akt2 interaction partners, such as the EIF2 and ubiquitination pathways. These data suggest that multiple new endogenous proteins may associate with Akt2 under basal as well as insulin-stimulated conditions, providing further insight into the insulin signaling network. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD002557.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Caruso
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy/Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy/Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Danjun Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy/Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Zhao Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy/Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy/Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Zhengping Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy/Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
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