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Weijs L, Vijayasarathy S, Villa CA, Neugebauer F, Meager JJ, Gaus C. Screening of organic and metal contaminants in Australian humpback dolphins (Sousa sahulensis) inhabiting an urbanised embayment. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 151:253-262. [PMID: 26945241 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
As a marine mammal species that inhabits shallow nearshore waters, humpback dolphins are likely exposed to a wide range of pollutants from adjacent land-based activities. Increased mortality rates of Australian humpback dolphins (Sousa sahulensis) in waters off a major urbanised centre triggered investigations into the threats to these species, including their contaminant exposure. The present study utilised archived tissues from 6 stranded animals to screen for a range of pollutants (PCDD/Fs, PBDEs, PCBs, organochlorine pesticides, PAHs, organotins, essential and non-essential elements) to inform future biopsy based biomonitoring strategies. Concentrations of PCBs and DDXs in blubber of some of these animals were remarkably high, at levels near or above toxicological thresholds associated with immune- and reproductive toxicity or population declines in other marine mammals. PBDEs, PAHs, HCB, organotins, 'drins' as well as other organic pesticides were not detected, or present at relatively low concentrations. Profiles of elements were similar in epidermis compared to other tissues, and apart from some exceptions (e.g. Fe, Cr, Co, Cu) their concentrations fell within 25th-75th percentiles of cetacean baselines in four of the five animals. Non-essential elements (Al, V, Pb, Ba, Ni, Cd) were notably elevated in one specimen which may have experienced poor health or nutritional status. These data provide a first insight into the contaminant status of a rare and poorly studied population inhabiting an urbanised area. The results highlight a need for future biomonitoring of live populations, and inform on priorities in the typically limited blubber and skin sample volumes obtained through biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesbeth Weijs
- National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (ENTOX), The University of Queensland, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia.
| | - Soumini Vijayasarathy
- National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (ENTOX), The University of Queensland, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia
| | - C Alexander Villa
- National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (ENTOX), The University of Queensland, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia
| | | | - Justin J Meager
- Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage Protection, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Caroline Gaus
- National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (ENTOX), The University of Queensland, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia.
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Gui D, Karczmarski L, Yu RQ, Plön S, Chen L, Tu Q, Cliff G, Wu Y. Profiling and Spatial Variation Analysis of Persistent Organic Pollutants in South African Delphinids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:4008-4017. [PMID: 26967261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b06009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The continuous disposal of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in South Africa (SA) warrants concern about their detrimental effects on humans and wildlife. We surveyed six dolphin species (n = 90) incidentally captured in shark net installations or stranded off the SA east and south coast from 2005 to 2009 to study the POP exposure. Sousa plumbea, an inshore and estuarine species, was found to be the most contaminated by total POPs (21 100 ng g(-1) lw) of all the dolphins off SA, followed by Tursiops aduncus (19 800 ng g(-1) lw), Lagenodelphis hosei (13 600 ng g(-1) lw), and Delphinus capensis (5500 ng g(-1) lw), whereas POP levels in the offshore or pelagic delphinids were much lower. In all delphinids, dominant pollutants were dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), which represented more than 60% of the total concentration of total POPs, followed by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, 30%). Concentrations of DDTs in S. plumbea and T. aduncus off SA were among the highest levels reported in delphinids globally. Approximately half of the adult T. aduncus had PCB concentrations above the effect threshold for impairment of immune functions. The concentrations of Mirex and Dieldrin in SA delphinids were higher than those found in species from other regions of the Southern Hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duan Gui
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Leszek Karczmarski
- The Swire Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong , Cape d'Aguilar Road, Shek O, Hong Kong
| | - Ri-Qing Yu
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Tyler , Tyler, Texas 75799, United States
| | - Stephanie Plön
- Coastal and Marine Research Institute, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University , PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape 6031, South Africa
| | - Laiguo Chen
- Urban Environment and Ecology Research Center, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences (SCIES), Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, China
| | - Qin Tu
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Geremy Cliff
- KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board, Private Bag 2, Umhlanga Rocks 4320, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa and Biomedical Resource Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban, KwaZulu-Natal 4001, South Africa
| | - Yuping Wu
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
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53
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Jia K, Ding L, Zhang L, Zhang M, Yi M, Wu Y. In vitro assessment of environmental stress of persistent organic pollutants on the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 30:529-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Rabodonirina S, Net S, Ouddane B, Merhaby D, Dumoulin D, Popescu T, Ravelonandro P. Distribution of persistent organic pollutants (PAHs, Me-PAHs, PCBs) in dissolved, particulate and sedimentary phases in freshwater systems. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 206:38-48. [PMID: 26142749 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of three groups of hazardous organic contaminants (PCBs, PAHs, Me-PAHs) in fifteen watercourses and rivers located in highly urbanized and industrialized zones was studied. The distribution of 62 organic contaminants was determined in three matrices: in the dissolved phase, associated with suspended solid matter (SSM) and in sediment. Their distributions in the aquatic environment depend strongly on their physicochemical properties. Low molecular weight PAHs were predominant in the dissolved phase while those with high molecular weight accumulated preferentially in SSM and sediments. Among the 28 PCBs congeners, only PCB153 was detected. The results showed that the contamination of these areas originated mainly from combustion processes. The three the most polluted sites identified are surrounded by big cities. Ecotoxicological assessment based on the international Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) showed that the toxic effects of the sediment in these watercourses and rivers occurred due to high levels of hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanah Rabodonirina
- Université de Lille, LASIR-UMR CNRS 8516, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, Bat. C8, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Antananarivo, Unité de Recherche en Génie des Procédés et Génie de l'Environnement (URGPGE), BP 906-101, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Sopheak Net
- Université de Lille, LASIR-UMR CNRS 8516, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, Bat. C8, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| | - Baghdad Ouddane
- Université de Lille, LASIR-UMR CNRS 8516, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, Bat. C8, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Dima Merhaby
- Université de Lille, LASIR-UMR CNRS 8516, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, Bat. C8, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; Université Libanaise, Faculté de santé publique section III, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Eau et de l'Environnement (L.S.E.E), Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - David Dumoulin
- Université de Lille, LASIR-UMR CNRS 8516, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, Bat. C8, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Tudor Popescu
- Université de Lille, LASIR-UMR CNRS 8516, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, Bat. C8, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; Université d'Etat de Moldavie, Faculté de Biologie et de l'Ecologie, Laboratoire Algologie, MD-2009, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - Pierre Ravelonandro
- Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Antananarivo, Unité de Recherche en Génie des Procédés et Génie de l'Environnement (URGPGE), BP 906-101, Antananarivo, Madagascar
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Karczmarski L, Huang SL, Or CKM, Gui D, Chan SCY, Lin W, Porter L, Wong WH, Zheng R, Ho YW, Chui SYS, Tiongson AJC, Mo Y, Chang WL, Kwok JHW, Tang RWK, Lee ATL, Yiu SW, Keith M, Gailey G, Wu Y. Humpback Dolphins in Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta: Status, Threats and Conservation Challenges. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2015; 73:27-64. [PMID: 26790887 DOI: 10.1016/bs.amb.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In coastal waters of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) is thought to number approximately 2500 individuals. Given these figures, the putative PRD population may appear strong enough to resist demographic stochasticity and environmental pressures. However, living in close proximity to the world's busiest seaport/airport and several densely populated urban centres with major coastal infrastructural developments comes with challenges to the long-term survival of these animals. There are few other small cetacean populations that face the range and intensity of human-induced pressures as those present in the PRD and current protection measures are severely inadequate. Recent mark-recapture analyses of the animals in Hong Kong waters indicate that in the past two decades the population parameters have not been well understood, and spatial analyses show that only a very small proportion of the dolphins' key habitats are given any form of protection. All current marine protected areas within the PRD fail to meet a minimum habitat requirement that could facilitate the population's long-term persistence. Demographic models indicate a continuous decline of 2.5% per annum, a rate at which the population is likely to drop below the demographic threshold within two generations and lose 74% of the current numbers within the lifespan of three generations. In Hong Kong, the case of humpback dolphins represents a particularly explicit example of inadequate management where a complete revision of the fundamental approach to conservation management is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Karczmarski
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong.
| | - Shiang-Lin Huang
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong
| | - Carmen K M Or
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong
| | - Duan Gui
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Stephen C Y Chan
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong
| | - Wenzhi Lin
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lindsay Porter
- SMRU Asia Pacific, The University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Wai-Ho Wong
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong
| | - Ruiqiang Zheng
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuen-Wa Ho
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong
| | - Scott Y S Chui
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong
| | - Angelico Jose C Tiongson
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong
| | - Yaqian Mo
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei-Lun Chang
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong
| | - John H W Kwok
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong
| | - Ricky W K Tang
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong
| | - Andy T L Lee
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong
| | - Sze-Wing Yiu
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong
| | - Mark Keith
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong; Centre for Wildlife Management, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Glenn Gailey
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong; Cascadia Research Collective, Olympia, Washington, USA
| | - Yuping Wu
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Jefferson TA, Smith BD. Re-assessment of the Conservation Status of the Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin (Sousa chinensis) Using the IUCN Red List Criteria. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2015; 73:1-26. [PMID: 26790886 DOI: 10.1016/bs.amb.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The IUCN Red List designation of the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) is re-assessed in light of its newly recognized taxonomic status (it has recently been separated into three species) and findings that humpback dolphins along the coast of Bangladesh, and possibly eastern India, are phylogenetically distinct from other members of the Sousa genus. Sousa chinensis is found in Southeast/South Asia (in both the Indian and Pacific oceans), from at least the southeastern Bay of Bengal east to central China, and then south to the Indo-Malay Archipelago. There are no global population estimates, and the sum of available abundance estimates add up to about 5700 individuals, although only a portion of the range has been covered by surveys. This species occurs in shallow (<30m deep), coastal waters of the tropics and subtropics, and feeds mainly on small fishes. It has a similar reproductive biology to other large dolphins, occurs mostly in small groups, and generally has individual movements of about 50-200km(2). Major threats throughout the range include entanglement in fishing nets (primarily gillnets) and habitat destruction/degradation, although in some more industrialized areas, vessel traffic, and environmental contamination from organochlorines are also serious issues. Conservation management is largely lacking in most parts of the species' range, although there has been significant (though still inadequate) attention in some parts of China (e.g. Hong Kong and adjacent areas, and Taiwan). Much greater efforts are needed toward conservation of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins to stop apparent declines, and to lower the species' extinction risk. Sousa chinensis meets the IUCN Red List requirements for Vulnerable (under criteria A4cd), with fisheries bycatch and habitat loss/degradation being the main pervasive threats.
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Multiscreening determination of organic pollutants in molluscs using matrix solid phase dispersion. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1391:18-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Berlioz-Barbier A, Baudot R, Wiest L, Gust M, Garric J, Cren-Olivé C, Buleté A. MicroQuEChERS-nanoliquid chromatography-nanospray-tandem mass spectrometry for the detection and quantification of trace pharmaceuticals in benthic invertebrates. Talanta 2014; 132:796-802. [PMID: 25476380 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Due to industrialization and the use of chemical products in everyday life, various types of drugs and pesticides are present in our environment, which threaten and cause negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems. The consequences of these pollutants are gradually becoming visible. Recent evidence confirms that long term exposure to environmental pharmaceutical concentrations can induce adverse effects in aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates such as reproductive impairments and collapse wild populations. Consequently, one of the challenges of environmental science is to evaluate the associated risks. In this context, a new methodology has been developed using nano-LC-nano-ESI MS/MS to quantify traces of two pharmaceuticals (a neuropharmaceutical drug, fluoxetine, and an anticonvulsant drug, carbamazepine) in two molluscs, Potamopyrgus antipodarum and Valvata piscinalis, which are both prosobranch gastropods. A simple and quick extraction method was developed based on a modified and miniaturized version of the QuEChERS method. The procedure involves the extraction of approximately 10 mg of wet mollusc tissue by 500 µL of a mixture of acetonitrile/water/hexane (50/20/30) and 100 mg of buffer salt. Thus, the extraction step was carried out on an individual scale. The sensitivity of this method allowed for the detection of levels as low as 18 ng/g and 128 ng/g for carbamazepine and fluoxetine, respectively, with recoveries of greater than 85% for the two targeted compounds. This method was then applied to both gastropod species exposed to fluoxetine under laboratory conditions. The results provide evidence of bioaccumulation in both P. antipodarum and V. piscinalis and reveal the inter-species differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Berlioz-Barbier
- Université de Lyon-Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 CNRS-Equipe TRACES, Université Lyon1, ENS-Lyon-5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Robert Baudot
- Université de Lyon-Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 CNRS-Equipe TRACES, Université Lyon1, ENS-Lyon-5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laure Wiest
- Université de Lyon-Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 CNRS-Equipe TRACES, Université Lyon1, ENS-Lyon-5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Marion Gust
- IRSTEA, UR MAEP, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, 5 rue de la Doua, 69009 Lyon, France
| | - Jeanne Garric
- IRSTEA, UR MAEP, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, 5 rue de la Doua, 69009 Lyon, France
| | - Cécile Cren-Olivé
- Université de Lyon-Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 CNRS-Equipe TRACES, Université Lyon1, ENS-Lyon-5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Audrey Buleté
- Université de Lyon-Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 CNRS-Equipe TRACES, Université Lyon1, ENS-Lyon-5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
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