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Alka S, Shahir S, Ibrahim N, Rahmad N, Haliba N, Abd Manan F. Histological and proteome analyses of Microbacterium foliorum-mediated decrease in arsenic toxicity in Melastoma malabathricum. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:336. [PMID: 34221807 PMCID: PMC8208456 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02864-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is an increasing threat across the globe, widely known as a non-threshold carcinogen, and it is reaching harmful values in several areas of the world. In this study, the effect of plant growth promoting bacteria (Microbacterium foliorum) on inorganic arsenic (Arsenate) phytoremediation by Melastoma malabathricum plants was investigated through histological analysis and proteome profiling of the M. malabathricum plants. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and transmission electron microscopy were used to conduct the proteome and histological analysis. When arsenic-treated cells were compared to untreated cells, substantial changes were found (1) severely altered the morphology of the cells, intensely disturbed; (2) the cell wall was thicker; (3) drastically changed the cytoplasm, the cells were polygonal in shape, different in size (scattered), and relatively dense. Compared to the control group, the ultra-structure of the root cells of the control group revealed intact cytoplasm, vacuole, and cell wall under exposure to As + bacteria that had a minor effect on the cell form. To further understand As + bacteria interaction, proteome profiling of the root cell was analyzed. The As-induced oxidative stress enrichment was confirmed by the up-regulation of tubulin, nucleoside diphosphate kinase, and major allergen during As + bacteria exposure It was observed that the profusion of proteins involved in defence, protein biogenesis, signaling, photosynthesis, nucleoside and energy metabolism was greater in As + bacteria as compared to the rooting out of As only. Overall, it can be obviously seen that the current study demonstrates the effectiveness of phytoremediation by M. foliorum on proteins involved and responsive pathways in dealing with As toxicity in M. malabathricum plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiya Alka
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Malaysia
| | - Shafinaz Shahir
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Malaysia
| | - Norahim Ibrahim
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Malaysia
| | - Norasfaliza Rahmad
- Agro-Biotechnology Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia (NIBM), c/o MARDI Headquater, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Norhazalina Haliba
- University Industry Research Laboratory, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Malaysia
| | - Fazilah Abd Manan
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Malaysia
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Mondal S, Pramanik K, Ghosh SK, Pal P, Mondal T, Soren T, Maiti TK. Unraveling the role of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in the alleviation of arsenic phytotoxicity: A review. Microbiol Res 2021; 250:126809. [PMID: 34166969 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The toxic metalloid arsenic (As), is a major pollutant of soil and water, imposing severe health concerns on human lives. It enters the food chain mainly through As-contaminated crops. The uptake, translocation and accumulation of As in plant tissue are often controlled by certain soil-inhabiting microbial communities. Among them, indigenous, free-living As-resistant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) plays a pivotal role in As-immobilization. Besides, the plant's inability to withstand As after a threshold level is actively managed by these PGPR increasing As-tolerance in host plants by a synergistic plant-microbe interaction. The dual functionality of As-resistant PGPR i.e., phytostimulation and minimization of As-induced phytotoxic damages are one of the main focal points of this review article. It is known that such PGPR having the functional arsenic-resistant genes (in ars operon) including As-transporters, As-transforming genes contributed to the As accumulation and detoxification/transformation respectively. Apart from assisting in nutrient acquisition and modulating phytohormone levels, As-resistant PGPR also influences the antioxidative defense system in plants by maneuvering multiple enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Furthermore, they are effective in reducing membrane damage and electrolyte leakage in plant cells. As-induced photosynthetic damage is also found to be salvaged by As-resistant PGPR. Briefly, the eco-physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms of As-resistant PGPR are thus elaborated here with regard to the As-exposed crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayanta Mondal
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Purba Bardhaman, P.O.-Rajbati, PIN-713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Krishnendu Pramanik
- Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, Birbhum, PIN-731235, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sudip Kumar Ghosh
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Purba Bardhaman, P.O.-Rajbati, PIN-713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Priyanka Pal
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Purba Bardhaman, P.O.-Rajbati, PIN-713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Tanushree Mondal
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Purba Bardhaman, P.O.-Rajbati, PIN-713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Tithi Soren
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Purba Bardhaman, P.O.-Rajbati, PIN-713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Tushar Kanti Maiti
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Purba Bardhaman, P.O.-Rajbati, PIN-713104, West Bengal, India.
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Faizan M, Bhat JA, Noureldeen A, Ahmad P, Yu F. Zinc oxide nanoparticles and 24-epibrassinolide alleviates Cu toxicity in tomato by regulating ROS scavenging, stomatal movement and photosynthesis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 218:112293. [PMID: 33957422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have recently emerged as potential agents for plants to ameliorate abiotic stresses by acting as nano-fertilizers. In this regard, the influence of the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on plant responses to copper (Cu) stress has been poorly understood. Hence, the present study was executed to explore the role of ZnO-NPs (foliar) and 24-epibrassinolide (EBL; root dipping) individually or in combined form in the resilience of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plant to Cu stress. Tomato seeds were sown to make the nursery; and at 20 days after sowing (DAS) the plantlets were submerged in 10-8 M of EBL solution for 2 h, and subsequently transplanted in the soil-filled earthen pots. Cu concentration (100 mg kg-1) was applied to the soil at 30 DAS, whereas at 35 DAS plants were sprinkled with double distilled water (DDW; control), 50 mg/L of Zinc (Zn) and 50 mg/L of ZnO-NPs; and plant performance were evaluated at 45 DAS. It was evident that Cu-stress reduced photosynthesis (17.3%), stomatal conductance (18.1%), plant height (19.7%), and nitrate reductase (NR) activity (19.2%), but increased malondialdehyde (MDA; 29.4%), superoxide radical (O2-; 22.3%) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; 26.2%) content in S. lycopersicum. Moreover, ZnO-NPs and/or EBL implemented via different modes improved photosynthetic activity, stomatal aperture, growth, cell viability and activity of antioxidant enzymes and proline that augmented resilience of tomato plants to Cu stress. These observations depicted that application of ZnO-NPs and EBL could be a useful approach to assist Cu confiscation and stress tolerance against Cu in tomato plants grown in Cu contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Faizan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Javaid Akhter Bhat
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Ahmed Noureldeen
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Fangyuan Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Salavati J, Fallah H, Niknejad Y, Barari Tari D. Methyl jasmonate ameliorates lead toxicity in Oryza sativa by modulating chlorophyll metabolism, antioxidative capacity and metal translocation. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:1089-1104. [PMID: 34092952 PMCID: PMC8140021 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-00993-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) not only negatively alters plant growth and yield but may also have potentially toxic risks to human health. Nevertheless, the interaction between rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants and the molecular cell dynamics induced by lead-methyl jasmonate (MJ) remains unknown. Here, plants were hydroponically exposed to Pb (150 and 300 µM) alone or in combination with 0.5 and 1 µM MJ. The application of MJ modulated the expression of the HMAs, PCS1, PCS2 and ABCC1 genes, thereby immobilizing the Pb in the roots and lessening its translocation to the aerial parts of the rice plant. The supplementation of MJ improved the growth and yield of Pb-stressed rice by adjusting the proline and chlorophyll metabolism, increasing the phytochelatins (PCs) accumulation and diminishing the accumulation of Pb in the shoots. the application of MJ alleviated the oxidative stress of rice plants exposed to Pb toxicity by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and enzymes of the glyoxalase system (glyoxalase I and II) and decreasing the endogenous levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and methylglyoxal (MG). Therefore, the results of the present study could provide a molecular insight and cellular interplay scheme for the development of a promising strategy in Pb-contaminated areas to produce healthy food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Salavati
- Department of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University of Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Hormoz Fallah
- Department of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University of Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Yosoof Niknejad
- Department of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University of Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Davood Barari Tari
- Department of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University of Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
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Yasir TA, Khan A, Skalicky M, Wasaya A, Rehmani MIA, Sarwar N, Mubeen K, Aziz M, Hassan MM, Hassan FAS, Iqbal MA, Brestic M, Islam MS, Danish S, EL Sabagh A. Exogenous Sodium Nitroprusside Mitigates Salt Stress in Lentil ( Lens culinaris Medik.) by Affecting the Growth, Yield, and Biochemical Properties. Molecules 2021; 26:2576. [PMID: 33925107 PMCID: PMC8125612 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity disrupts the physiological and biochemical processes of crop plants and ultimately leads to compromising future food security. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a contributor to nitric oxide (NO), holds the potential to alleviate abiotic stress effects and boost tolerance in plants, whereas less information is available on its role in salt-stressed lentils. We examined the effect of exogenously applied SNP on salt-stressed lentil plants by monitoring plant growth and yield-related attributes, biochemistry of enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD)) amassing of leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Salinity stress was induced by NaCl application at concentrations of 50 mM (moderate salinity) and 100 mM (severe salinity), while it was alleviated by SNP application at concentrations of 50 µM and 100 µM. Salinity stress severely inhibited the length of roots and shoots, the relative water content, and the chlorophyll content of the leaves, the number of branches, pods, seeds, seed yield, and biomass per plant. In addition, MDA, H2O2 as well as SOD, CAT, and POD activities were increased with increasing salinity levels. Plants supplemented with SNP (100 µM) showed a significant improvement in the growth- and yield-contributing parameters, especially in plants grown under moderate salinity (50 mM NaCl). Essentially, the application of 100 µM SNP remained effective to rescue lentil plants under moderate salinity by regulating plant growth and biochemical pathways. Thus, the exogenous application of SNP could be developed as a useful strategy for improving the performance of lentil plants in salinity-prone environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Layyah 31200, Pakistan; (T.A.Y.); (A.K.)
| | - Ayesha Khan
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Layyah 31200, Pakistan; (T.A.Y.); (A.K.)
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Allah Wasaya
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Layyah 31200, Pakistan; (T.A.Y.); (A.K.)
| | | | - Naeem Sarwar
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan;
| | - Khuram Mubeen
- Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan; (K.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Mudassir Aziz
- Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan; (K.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohamed M. Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.H.); (F.A.S.H.)
| | - Fahmy A. S. Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.H.); (F.A.S.H.)
| | - Muhammad Aamir Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot 12350, Pakistan;
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Mohammad Sohidul Islam
- Depatment of Agronomy, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh;
| | - Subhan Danish
- Departments of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Ayman EL Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33156, Egypt
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Bhat JA, Ahmad P, Corpas FJ. Main nitric oxide (NO) hallmarks to relieve arsenic stress in higher plants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124289. [PMID: 33153789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid that adversely affects plant growth, and poses severe risks to human health. It induces disturbance to many physiological and metabolic pathways such as nutrient, water and redox imbalance, abnormal photosynthesis and ATP synthesis and loss of membrane integrity. Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical molecule endogenously generated in plant cells which has signalling properties. Under As-stress, the endogenous NO metabolism is significantly affected in a clear connection with the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggering nitro-oxidative stress. However, the exogenous NO application provides beneficial effects under As-stress conditions which can relieve oxidative damages by stimulating the antioxidant systems, regulation of the expression of the transporter and other defence-related genes, modification of root cell wall composition or the biosynthesis of enriched sulfur compounds such phytochelatins (PCs). This review aims to provide up-to-date information on the key NO hallmarks to relieve As-stress in higher plants. Furthermore, it will be analyzed the diverse genetic engineering techniques to increase the endogenous NO content which could open new biotechnological applications, especially in crops under arsenic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaid Akhter Bhat
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 8, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany, S.P. College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
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Singh H, Bhat JA, Singh VP, Corpas FJ, Yadav SR. Auxin metabolic network regulates the plant response to metalloids stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124250. [PMID: 33109410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Metalloids are among the major pollutants posing a risk to the environment and global food security. Plant roots uptake these toxic metalloids from the soil along with other essential minerals. Plants respond to metalloid stress by regulating the distribution and levels of various endogenous phytohormones. Recent research showed that auxin is instrumental in mediating resilience to metalloid-induced stress in plants. Exogenous supplementation of the auxin or plant growth-promoting micro-organisms (PGPMs) alleviates metalloid uptake, localization, and accumulation in the plant tissues, thereby improving plant growth under metalloid stress. Moreover, auxin triggers various biological responses such as the production of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants to combat nitro-oxidative stress induced by the metalloids. However, an in-depth understanding of the auxin stimulated molecular and physiological responses to the metalloid toxicity needs to be investigated in future studies. The current review attempts to provide an update on the recent advances and the current state-of-the-art associated with auxin and metalloid interaction, which could be used as a start point to develop biotechnological tools and create an eco-friendly environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Javaid Akhter Bhat
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key L aboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Shri Ram Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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Souri Z, Karimi N, Ahmad P. The effect of NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) and glutathione (GSH) on Isatis cappadocica, under Arsenic (As) toxicity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:945-957. [PMID: 33472408 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1870435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present work was conducted to assess the effects of arsenic (As, 1000 µM), diphenyleneiodonium (DPI, 10 µM) and reduced glutathione (GSH, 500 µM) on Isatis cappadocica. As treatment decreased plant growth and fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and also enhanced the accumulation of As. As stress also enhanced the oxidative stress biomarkers, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. However, the application of GSH decreased the content of H2O2 and MDA by 43% and 55%, respectively, as compared to As treatment. The antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) also enhanced with As stress. NADPH oxidase inhibitor, the DPI, enhances the effect of As toxicity by increasing the accumulation of As, H2O2, MDA. DPI also enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes except GR and GST, However, the application GSH increased the plant growth and biomass yield, decreases accumulation of As, H2O2 and MDA content in As as well as As + DPI treated plants. The thiols content [total thiol (TT), non-protein thiol (NPT) protein thiols (PT), and glutathione (GSH)] were decreased in the As + DPI treatment but supplementation of GSH enhanced them. Novelty statement: The study reveals the beneficial role of GSH in mitigating the deleterious effects of Arsenic toxicity through its active involvement in the antioxidant metabolism, thiol synthesis and osmolyte accumulation. Apart from As, We provided the plants NADPH oxidase inhibitor, the diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), which boosts the As toxicity. At present, there is dearth of information pertaining to the effects of DPI on plants growth and their responses under heavy metal stress.GSH application reversed the effect of diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) under As stress preventing the oxidative damage to biomolecules through the modulation of different antioxidant enzymes. The application of GSH for As stressed soil could be a sustainable approach for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Souri
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Naser Karimi
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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Patel M, Parida AK. Salinity alleviates the arsenic toxicity in the facultative halophyte Salvadora persica L. by the modulations of physiological, biochemical, and ROS scavenging attributes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123368. [PMID: 32653791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal(loid)s contamination in soil is a major environmental concern that limits agricultural yield and threatens human health worldwide. Arsenic (As) is the most toxic non-essential metalloid found in soil which comes from various natural as well as human activities. S. persica is a facultative halophyte found abundantly in dry, semiarid and saline areas. In the present study, growth, mineral nutrient homeostasis, MDA content, phytochelatin levels, and ROS-scavenging attributes were examined in S. persica imposed to solitary treatments of salinity (250 mM and 750 mM NaCl), solitary treatments of arsenic (200 μM and 600 μM As), and combined treatments of As with 250 mM NaCl with an aim to elucidate salinity and As tolerance mechanisms. The results demonstrated that S. persica plants sustained under high levels of As (600 μM As) as well as NaCl (750 mM). The activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were either elevated or unaffected under salt or As stress. However, ascorbate peroxidase activity declined under both solitary and combination of As with NaCl. Furthermore, the cellular redox status measured in terms of reduced ascorbate/dehydroascorbate, and reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratios also either increased or remained unaffected in seedlings treated with both solitary and combined treatments of As + NaCl. Significant accumulation of various oxidative stress indicators (H2O2 and O2-) were observed under high As stress condition. However, presence of salt with high As significantly reduced the levels of ROS. Furthermore, exogenous salt improved As tolerance index (Ti) under high As stress condition. The values of translocation factor (Tf) and As bioaccumulation factor (BF) were >1 in all the treatments. From this study, it can be concluded that the facultative halophyte S. persica is a potential As accumulator and may find application for phytoextraction of arsenic-contaminated saline soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Patel
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Asish Kumar Parida
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India.
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Siddiqui MH, Alamri S, Nasir Khan M, Corpas FJ, Al-Amri AA, Alsubaie QD, Ali HM, Kalaji HM, Ahmad P. Melatonin and calcium function synergistically to promote the resilience through ROS metabolism under arsenic-induced stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:122882. [PMID: 32516727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The interplay between melatonin (Mel) and calcium (Ca2+) in enhancing tolerance to metalloid toxicity and underlying physiological and biochemical mechanisms of this relationship still remains unknown. The present study reveals that the signaling molecules Mel and/or Ca2+ enhanced tolerance of Vicia faba (cv. Tara) plant to metalloid arsenic (As) toxicity. However, a combination of Mel and Ca2+ was more efficient than alone. Plants grew with As exhibited enhanced hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation together with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing enzymes, such as NADPH oxidase and glycolate oxidase (GOX). On the contrary, an inhibition in chlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis and gas exchange parameters (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration) was observed. Under As toxicity conditions, the application of Mel and Ca2+ synergistically suppressed the plants' program cell death features (nucleus condensation and nucleus fragmentation) in guard cells of stomata, DNA damage, and formation of ROS in guard cells, leaves and roots. Moreover, it enhanced gas exchange parameters and activity of enzymes involved in photosynthesis process (carbonic anhydrase and RuBisco), Chl biosynthesis (δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase), and decreased activity of Chl degrading enzyme (chlorophyllase) under As toxicity conditions. Our investigation evidently established that expression of ATP synthase, Ca2+-ATPase, Ca2+-DPKase, Hsp17.6 and Hsp40 was found maximum in the plants treated with Mel + Ca2+, resulting in higher tolerance of plants to As stress. Also, increased total soluble carbohydrates, cysteine, and Pro accumulation with increased Pro synthesizing enzyme (Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) and decreased Pro degrading enzyme (proline dehydrogenase) in Mel + Ca2+ treated plants conferred As toxicity tolerance. The obtained results postulate strong evidence that the application of Mel along with Ca2+ enhances resilience against As toxicity by upregulating the activity of plasma membrane H+-ATPase, enzymes involved in antioxidant system, and ascorbate-glutathione pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 2455, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Nasir Khan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Abdullah A Al-Amri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qasi D Alsubaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 2455, Saudi Arabia
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Fang L, Ju W, Yang C, Jin X, Liu D, Li M, Yu J, Zhao W, Zhang C. Exogenous application of signaling molecules to enhance the resistance of legume-rhizobium symbiosis in Pb/Cd-contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114744. [PMID: 32806415 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Being signaling molecules, nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can mediate a wide range of physiological processes caused by plant metal toxicity. Moreover, legume-rhizobium symbiosis has gained increasing attention in mitigating heavy metal stress. However, systematic regulatory mechanisms used for the exogenous application of signaling molecules to alter the resistance of legume-rhizobium symbiosis under metal stress are currently unknown. In this study, we examined the exogenous effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) as an NO donor additive and sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) as a H2S donor additive on the phytotoxicity and soil quality of alfalfa (Medicago sativa)-rhizobium symbiosis in lead/cadmium (Pb/Cd)-contaminated soils. Results showed that rhizobia inoculation markedly promoted alfalfa growth by increasing chlorophyll content, fresh weight, and plant height and biomass. Compared to the inoculated rhizobia treatment alone, the addition of NO and H2S significantly reduced the bioaccumulation of Pb and Cd in alfalfa-rhizobium symbiosis, respectively, thus avoiding the phytotoxicity caused by the excessive presence of metals. The addition of signaling molecules also alleviated metal-induced phytotoxicity by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and inhibiting the level of lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in legume-rhizobium symbiosis. Also, signaling molecules improved soil nutrient cycling, increased soil enzyme activities, and promoted rhizosphere bacterial community diversity. Both partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) and variation partitioning analysis (VPA) identified that using signaling molecules can improve plant growth by regulating major controlling variables (i.e., soil enzymes, soil nutrients, and microbial diversity/plant oxidative damage) in legume-rhizobium symbiosis. This study offers integrated insight that confirms that the exogenous application of signaling molecules can enhance the resistance of legume-rhizobium symbiosis under metal toxicity by regulating the biochemical response of the plant-soil system, thereby minimizing potential health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linchuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian, 710061, China
| | - Wenliang Ju
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Congli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaolian Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Dongdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Mengdi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jialuo Yu
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Mkhinini M, Helaoui S, Boughattas I, Amemou C, Banni M. Earthworm Eisenia andrei modulates oxidative stress in bean plants Vicia faba irrigated with treated wastewater. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:1003-1016. [PMID: 32617728 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02243-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With respect to reducing the pressure on freshwater resources, treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation represents a sustainable alternative in agriculture. Due to their low quality and variable composition, TWW could entail harmful consequences for living organisms in terrestrial ecosystems. This study aims to evaluate how earthworm (Eisenia andrei) can modulate oxidative stress in bean plants (Vicia faba) that are irrigated over a course of 60 days with two doses of TWW (50 and 100%) in addition to a control condition (0%) irrigated with distilled water. This is achieved by measuring glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity and malondialdehyde accumulation (MDA) in plants. Furthermore, catalase (CAT), GST, MDA, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities of the earthworms are also assessed. Our results show that growth and physiological parameters are modified when applying TWW irrigation. Moreover, oxidative stress apprehended by GST activity and MDA accumulation is exacerbated in V. faba plants after exposure to increased TWW doses. Similarly, TWW irrigation enhances oxidative stress parameters in earthworms with a crucial decrease in AChE activity. In addition, the presence of earthworms increases growth and physiological parameters; it also results in a significant reduction in GST activity and MDA rate in V. faba plants. Our results provide new insights into the impact of TWW irrigation on soil organisms and the importance of earthworms in the reduction of oxidative stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marouane Mkhinini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sondes Helaoui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Iteb Boughattas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Cyrine Amemou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohammed Banni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
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Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Metabolism and Nitric Oxide (NO) Content in Roots and Shoots of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Plants under Arsenic-Induced Stress. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10071014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a highly toxic metalloid for all forms of life including plants. Rice is the main food source for different countries worldwide, although it can take up high amounts of As in comparison with other crops, showing toxic profiles such as decreases in plant growth and yield. The induction of oxidative stress is the main process underlying arsenic toxicity in plants, including rice, due to an alteration of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. The aim of this work was to gain better knowledge on how the ROS metabolism and its interaction with nitric oxide (NO) operate under As stress conditions in rice plants. Thus, physiological and ROS-related biochemical parameters in roots and shoots from rice (Oryza sativa L.) were studied under 50 μM arsenate (AsV) stress, and the involvement of the main antioxidative systems and NO in the response of plants to those conditions was investigated. A decrease of 51% in root length and 27% in plant biomass was observed with 50 μM AsV treatment, as compared to control plants. The results of the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isozymes, catalase, peroxidase (POD: total and isoenzymatic), and the enzymes of the ascorbate–glutathione cycle, besides the ascorbate and glutathione contents, showed that As accumulation provoked an overall significant increase of most of them, but with different profiles depending on the plant organ, either root or shoot. Among the seven identified POD isozymes, the induction of the POD-3 in shoots under As stress could help to maintain the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) redox homeostasis and compensate the loss of the ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity in both roots and shoots. Lipid peroxidation was slightly increased in roots and shoots from As-treated plants. The H2O2 and NO contents were enhanced in roots and shoots against arsenic stress. In spite of the increase of most antioxidative systems, a mild oxidative stress situation appears to be consolidated overall, since the growth parameters and those from the oxidative damage could not be totally counteracted. In these conditions, the higher levels of H2O2 and NO suggest that signaling events are simultaneously occurring in the whole plant.
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Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Application Alleviates Arsenic (As) Toxicity in Soybean Plants by Restricting the Uptake of as and Modulating Key Biochemical Attributes, Antioxidant Enzymes, Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle and Glyoxalase System. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9070825. [PMID: 32630094 PMCID: PMC7411960 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of arsenic (As) in soils is increasing consistently day-by-day, which has resulted in increased toxicity of this element in various crop plants. Arsenic interferes with several plant metabolic processes at molecular, biochemical and physiological levels, which result in reduced plant productivity. Hence, the introduction of novel ameliorating agents to combat this situation is the need of the hour. The present study was designed to examine the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in As-stressed soybean plants. Various plant growth factors and enzymes were studied at varying concentrations of As and ZnO-NPs. Our results showed that with the application of ZnO-NPs, As concentration declined in both root and shoot of soybean plants. The lengths of shoot and root, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration, stomatal conductance, photochemical yield and other factors declined with an increase in external As level. However, the application of ZnO-NPs to the As-stressed soybean plants resulted in a considerable increase in these factors. Moreover, the enzymes involved in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) showed a significant increase in their activity with the application of ZnO-NPs to the As-stressed plants. Hence, our study confirms the significance of ZnO-NPs in alleviating the toxicity of As in soybean plants.
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