51
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Soomro RA, Nafady A, Hallam KR, Jawaid S, Al Enizi A, Sherazi STH, Sirajuddin, Ibupoto ZH, Willander M. Highly sensitive determination of atropine using cobalt oxide nanostructures: Influence of functional groups on the signal sensitivity. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 948:30-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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52
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Śramska P, Maciejka A, Topolewska A, Stepnowski P, Haliński ŁP. Isolation of atropine and scopolamine from plant material using liquid-liquid extraction and EXtrelut ® columns. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1043:202-208. [PMID: 27616063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tropane alkaloids are toxic secondary metabolites produced by Solanaceae plants. Among them, plants from Datura genus produce significant amounts of scopolamine and hyoscyamine; the latter undergoes racemization to atropine during isolation. Because of their biological importance, toxic properties and commonly reported food and animal feed contamination by different Datura sp. organs, there is a constant need for reliable methods for the analysis of tropane alkaloids in many matrices. In the current study, three extraction and sample-clean up procedures for the determination of scopolamine and atropine in plant material were compared in terms of their effectiveness and repeatability. Standard liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and EXtrelut® NT 3 columns were used for the sample clean-up. Combined ultrasound-assisted extraction and 24h static extraction using ethyl acetate, followed by multiple LLE steps was found the most effective separation method among tested. However, absolute extraction recovery was relatively low and reached 45-67% for atropine and 52-73% for scopolamine, depending on the compound concentration. The same method was also the most effective one for the isolation of target compounds from Datura stramonium leaves. EXtrelut® columns, on the other hand, displayed relatively low effectiveness in isolating atropine and scopolamine from such a complex matrix and hence could not be recommended. The most effective method was also applied to the extraction of alkaloids from roots and stems of D. stramonium. Quantitative analyses were performed using validated method based on gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Based on the results, the importance of the proper selection of internal standards in the analysis of tropane alkaloids was stressed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Śramska
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Artur Maciejka
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Topolewska
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Stepnowski
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Łukasz P Haliński
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Ciechomska M, Woźniakiewicz M, Nowak J, Świadek K, Bazylewicz B, Kościelniak P. Development of a microwave-assisted extraction of atropine and scopolamine from Solanaceae family plants followed by a QuEChERS cleanup procedure. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2016.1196215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Ciechomska
- Laboratory for Forensic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Woźniakiewicz
- Laboratory for Forensic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Julia Nowak
- Laboratory for Forensic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Świadek
- Laboratory for Forensic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Bazylewicz
- Laboratory for Forensic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Kościelniak
- Laboratory for Forensic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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54
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Temerdashev AZ, Grigoriev AM, Rybalchenko IV. Narcotic substances of natural origin and methods of their determination. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934816010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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56
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Lesiak AD, Cody RB, Dane AJ, Musah RA. Plant Seed Species Identification from Chemical Fingerprints: A High-Throughput Application of Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2015; 87:8748-57. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashton D. Lesiak
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Robert B. Cody
- JEOL USA Inc., 11 Dearborn
Road, Peabody, Massachusetts 01960, United States
| | - A. John Dane
- JEOL USA Inc., 11 Dearborn
Road, Peabody, Massachusetts 01960, United States
| | - Rabi A. Musah
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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57
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Shawky E, Abou-Donia AH, Darwish FA, Toaima SM, Takla SS, Pigni NB, Bastida J. HPTLC and GC/MS Study of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids of TwoNarcissusSpecies. Chem Biodivers 2015; 12:1184-99. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201400309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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58
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Guo H, Wu X, Wang A, Luo X, Ma Y, Zhou M. Separation and detection of tropane alkaloids in Anisodus tanguticus by capillary electrophoresis-electrochemiluminescence. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01556a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Anisodine and anisodamine in different parts of Anisodus tanguticus are separated and determined using a chemically modified Pt electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Ailian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Xiaowei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Yongjun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
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59
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Bagheri H, Arab SM, Khoshsafar H, Afkhami A. A novel sensor for sensitive determination of atropine based on a Co3O4-reduced graphene oxide modified carbon paste electrode. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00133a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Co3O4-reduced graphene oxide acted as a selective and sensitive modifier in a sensing layer for electrochemical determination of atropine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Bagheri
- Chemical Injuries Research Center
- Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
- Tehran
- Iran
| | | | - Hosein Khoshsafar
- Young Researchers Club
- Hamedan Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Hamedan
- Iran
| | - Abbas Afkhami
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Bu-Ali Sina University
- Hamedan
- Iran
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60
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Yang Y, Yuanye D, Qing L, Jinjian L, Xiwen L, Yitao W. Complete chloroplast genome sequence of poisonous and medicinal plant Datura stramonium: organizations and implications for genetic engineering. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110656. [PMID: 25365514 PMCID: PMC4217734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Datura stramonium is a widely used poisonous plant with great medicinal and economic value. Its chloroplast (cp) genome is 155,871 bp in length with a typical quadripartite structure of the large (LSC, 86,302 bp) and small (SSC, 18,367 bp) single-copy regions, separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IRs, 25,601 bp). The genome contains 113 unique genes, including 80 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNAs and four rRNAs. A total of 11 forward, 9 palindromic and 13 tandem repeats were detected in the D. stramonium cp genome. Most simple sequence repeats (SSR) are AT-rich and are less abundant in coding regions than in non-coding regions. Both SSRs and GC content were unevenly distributed in the entire cp genome. All preferred synonymous codons were found to use A/T ending codons. The difference in GC contents of entire genomes and of the three-codon positions suggests that the D. stramonium cp genome might possess different genomic organization, in part due to different mutational pressures. The five most divergent coding regions and four non-coding regions (trnH-psbA, rps4-trnS, ndhD-ccsA, and ndhI-ndhG) were identified using whole plastome alignment, which can be used to develop molecular markers for phylogenetics and barcoding studies within the Solanaceae. Phylogenetic analysis based on 68 protein-coding genes supported Datura as a sister to Solanum. This study provides valuable information for phylogenetic and cp genetic engineering studies of this poisonous and medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Dang Yuanye
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Li Qing
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Jinjian
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Li Xiwen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Yitao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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61
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Zhou JL, Liu W, Guo ZX, Chen BL. Fingerprint Analysis of Daturae Flos Using Rapid Resolution Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Combined with Stoichiometry. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2014.896811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Liang Zhou
- a Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control , Hangzhou , China
| | - Wei Liu
- a Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control , Hangzhou , China
| | - Zeng-Xi Guo
- a Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control , Hangzhou , China
| | - Bi-Lian Chen
- a Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control , Hangzhou , China
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62
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Zhang P, Li Y, Liu G, Sun X, Zhou Y, Deng X, Liao Q, Xie Z. Simultaneous determination of atropine, scopolamine, and anisodamine from Hyoscyamus niger L. in rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a pharmacokinetics study. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:2664-74. [PMID: 25044356 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the pharmacokinetics of tropane alkaloids in Hyoscyamus niger L., a sensitive and specific high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of atropine, scopolamine, and anisodamine in rat plasma is developed and fully validated, using homatropine as an internal standard. The separation of the four compounds was carried out on a BDS Hypersil C18 column using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water (containing 10 mmol ammonium acetate). Calibration curves were linear from 0.2 to 40 ng/mL for atropine, scopolamine, and from 0.08 to 20 ng/mL for anisodamine. The precision of three analytes was <5.89% and the accuracy was between -1.04 to 2.94%. This method is successfully applied to rat pharmacokinetics analysis of the three tropane alkaloids after oral administration of H. niger extract. The maximum concentration of these three tropane alkaloids was reached within 15 min, and the maximum concentrations were 31.36 ± 7.35 ng/mL for atropine, 49.94 ± 2.67 ng/mL for scopolamine, and 2.83 ± 1.49 ng/mL for anisodamine. The pharmacokinetic parameters revealed areas under the curve of 22.76 ± 5.80, 16.80 ± 3.08, and 4.31 ± 1.21 ng/h mL and mean residence times of 2.08 ± 0.55, 1.19 ± 0.45, and 3.28 ± 0.78 h for atropine, scopolamine, and anisodamine, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiting Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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63
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Castillo G, Cruz LL, Tapia-López R, Olmedo-Vicente E, Carmona D, Anaya-Lang AL, Fornoni J, Andraca-Gómez G, Valverde PL, Núñez-Farfán J. Selection mosaic exerted by specialist and generalist herbivores on chemical and physical defense of Datura stramonium. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102478. [PMID: 25051169 PMCID: PMC4106780 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Selection exerted by herbivores is a major force driving the evolution of plant defensive characters such as leaf trichomes or secondary metabolites. However, plant defense expression is highly variable among populations and identifying the sources of this variation remains a major challenge. Plant populations are often distributed across broad geographic ranges and are exposed to different herbivore communities, ranging from generalists (that feed on diverse plant species) to specialists (that feed on a restricted group of plants). We studied eight populations of the plant Datura stramonium usually eaten by specialist or generalist herbivores, in order to examine whether the pattern of phenotypic selection on secondary compounds (atropine and scopolamine) and a physical defense (trichome density) can explain geographic variation in these traits. Following co-evolutionary theory, we evaluated whether a more derived alkaloid (scopolamine) confers higher fitness benefits than its precursor (atropine), and whether this effect differs between specialist and generalist herbivores. Our results showed consistent directional selection in almost all populations and herbivores to reduce the concentration of atropine. The most derived alkaloid (scopolamine) was favored in only one of the populations, which is dominated by a generalist herbivore. In general, the patterns of selection support the existence of a selection mosaic and accounts for the positive correlation observed between atropine concentration and plant damage by herbivores recorded in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Castillo
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Laura L. Cruz
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Rosalinda Tapia-López
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Eika Olmedo-Vicente
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Diego Carmona
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Ana Luisa Anaya-Lang
- Departamento de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Juan Fornoni
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Guadalupe Andraca-Gómez
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Pedro L. Valverde
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, México City, Distrito Federal, México
| | - Juan Núñez-Farfán
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Distrito Federal, México
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64
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Brewer K, Dirikolu L, Hughes CG, Tobin T. Scopolamine in racing horses: trace identifications associated with dietary or environmental exposure. Vet J 2014; 199:324-31. [PMID: 24440440 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Scopolamine (L-hyoscine) identifications, often in small-number clusters, have been reported worldwide in performance horses over the last 30 years. Scopolamine is an Association of Racing Commissioners International (ARCI) class 3, penalty class B, substance with potential to affect performance. As such, scopolamine identification(s) in race or performance horses can result in significant penalties for the connections of the horse(s). Reviewed here is the worldwide distribution of scopolamine containing plants (primarily Datura spp.), with estimates of their potential toxicity to horses through dietary and/or environmental exposure. Also reviewed are the basic pharmacology of scopolamine and its precursor, urinary concentrations following feedstuff exposure, and the probable pharmacological/forensic significance of such findings. Based on an overview of the world literature on scopolamine, the expected characteristics of inadvertent environmental exposure are also presented with a view to making clear the potential of scopolamine identifications, with or without atropine, as a direct and expected outcome of both the worldwide distribution of scopolamine-containing plants and the sensitivity of modern equine drug testing. It is of particular interest that only 2/30 reported post-event equine identifications of scopolamine have been associated with atropine, suggesting that failure to identify atropine is not a biomarker of pharmaceutical administration of scopolamine. Available quantitative information associated with scopolamine identifications is consistent with the 75 ng/mL regulatory threshold for scopolamine currently used in Louisiana racing in the USA and the 30 ng/mL reporting threshold in effect in European racing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Levent Dirikolu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Charlie G Hughes
- The Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Thomas Tobin
- The Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA.
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65
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Sáiz J, Mai TD, López ML, Bartolomé C, Hauser PC, García-Ruiz C. Rapid determination of scopolamine in evidence of recreational and predatory use. Sci Justice 2013; 53:409-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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66
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67
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Glaizal M, Schmitt C, Tichadou L, Sapori JM, Hayek-Lanthois M, de Haro L. Intoxications induites par de la farine de sarrasin Bio contaminée par Datura Sp. : rôle d’un centre antipoison et de toxicovigilance. Presse Med 2013; 42:1412-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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68
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Gaire BP, Subedi L. A review on the pharmacological and toxicological aspects of Datura stramonium L. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2013; 11:73-9. [PMID: 23506688 DOI: 10.3736/jintegrmed2013016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Datura stramonium L., a wild-growing plant of the Solanaceae family, is widely distributed and easily accessible. It contains a variety of toxic tropane alkaloids such as atropine, hyoscamine, and scopolamine. In Eastern medicine, especially in Ayurvedic medicine, D. stramonium has been used for curing various human ailments, including ulcers, wounds, inflammation, rheumatism and gout, sciatica, bruises and swellings, fever, asthma and bronchitis, and toothache. A few previous studies have reported on the pharmacological effects of D. stramonium; however, complete information regarding the pharmacology, toxicity, ethnobotany and phytochemistry remains unclear. Ethnomedicinally, the frequent recreational abuse of D. stramonium has resulted in toxic syndromes. D. stramonium, in the form of paste or solution to relieve the local pain, may not have a deleterious effect; however, oral and systemic administration may lead to severe anticholinergic symptoms. For this reason, it is very important for individuals, mainly young people, to be aware of the toxic nature and potential risks associated with the use of this plant. This comprehensive review of D. stramonium includes information on botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and ethnomedicinal uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhakta Prasad Gaire
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea.
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69
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Khodorova NV, Shavarda AL, Lequart-Pillon M, Laberche JC, Voitsekhovskaja OV, Boitel-Conti M. Biosynthesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in Corydalis bracteata: compartmentation and seasonal dynamics. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2013; 92:60-70. [PMID: 23664175 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Numerous species of the genus Corydalis (Papaveraceae) produce a large spectrum of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIA), some of which are of potential therapeutic value, but no information on sites of their biosynthesis and compartmentation is available. This study focuses on the biosynthesis, compartmentation and seasonal dynamics of BIA in Corydalis bracteata (Steph. ex Willd) Pers., a geophyte with a very short spring vegetation period, which for the rest of the year is represented by underground tubers with buds. It was found that all organs of C. bracteata contained high levels of BIA, the highest concentrations being detected in underground tuber buds in early autumn. Neither xylem nor phloem sap contained alkaloids throughout the year but BIA were present in the apoplastic wash fluid of the tuber. The absence of long-distance transport of alkaloids was confirmed by the experiment using an isotopically labeled tracer, [ring-(13)C6]-tyramine: when whole plants were fed with the tracer with via the roots, the alkaloids became labeled in the roots only and not in other organs. However, when detached roots, leaves, tubers and stems were exposed to [ring-(13)C6]-tyramine, the label was incorporated into alkaloids in all organs. We conclude that no long-distance translocation of alkaloids occurs between organs of C. bracteata, while in the tuber the cell-to-cell transport of alkaloids could occur via the apoplast. In contrast to other BIA-producing species, every organ of C. bracteata was found to be capable of de novo biosynthesis of the full complement of alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda V Khodorova
- Unité de Recherche EA 3900 BIOPI Biologie des Plantes et Innovations, UFR des Sciences, Ilot des Poulies, Jules Verne University of Picardie, 33 rue St-Leu, 80039 Amiens, France.
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70
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Dong X, Liu W, Shen M. Development and Validation of a Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Analysis of Three-Tropane Alkaloids in Blood and Urine. ANAL LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2012.704533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Yi L, Liang ZT, Peng Y, Yao X, Chen HB, Zhao ZZ. Tissue-specific metabolite profiling of alkaloids in Sinomenii Caulis using laser microdissection and liquid chromatography–quadrupole/time of flight-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1248:93-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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