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Maternal Experience-Dependent Cortical Plasticity in Mice Is Circuit- and Stimulus-Specific and Requires MECP2. J Neurosci 2020; 40:1514-1526. [PMID: 31911459 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1964-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurodevelopmental disorder Rett syndrome is caused by mutations in the gene Mecp2 Misexpression of the protein MECP2 is thought to contribute to neuropathology by causing dysregulation of plasticity. Female heterozygous Mecp2 mutants (Mecp2het ) failed to acquire a learned maternal retrieval behavior when exposed to pups, an effect linked to disruption of parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory interneurons (PV) in the auditory cortex. Nevertheless, how dysregulated PV networks affect the neural activity dynamics that underlie auditory cortical plasticity during early maternal experience is unknown. Here we show that maternal experience in WT adult female mice (WT) triggers suppression of PV auditory responses. We also observe concomitant disinhibition of auditory responses in deep-layer pyramidal neurons that is selective for behaviorally relevant pup vocalizations. These neurons further exhibit sharpened tuning for pup vocalizations following maternal experience. All of these neuronal changes are abolished in Mecp2het , suggesting that they are an essential component of maternal learning. This is further supported by our finding that genetic manipulation of GABAergic networks that restores accurate retrieval behavior in Mecp2het also restores maternal experience-dependent plasticity of PV. Our data are consistent with a growing body of evidence that cortical networks are particularly vulnerable to mutations of Mecp2 in PV neurons. Moreover, our work links, for the first time, impaired in vivo cortical plasticity in awake Mecp2 mutant animals to a natural, ethologically relevant behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Rett syndrome is a genetic disorder that includes language communication problems. Nearly all Rett syndrome is caused by mutations in the gene that produces the protein MECP2, which is important for changes in brain connectivity believed to underlie learning. We previously showed that female Mecp2 mutants fail to learn a simple maternal care behavior performed in response to their pups' distress cries. This impairment appeared to critically involve inhibitory neurons in the auditory cortex called parvalbumin neurons. Here we record from these neurons before and after maternal experience, and we show that they adapt their response to pup calls during maternal learning in nonmutants, but not in mutants. This adaptation is partially restored by a manipulation that improves learning.
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Gogola JV, Gores EO, London SE. Inhibitory cell populations depend on age, sex, and prior experience across a neural network for Critical Period learning. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19867. [PMID: 31882750 PMCID: PMC6934704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In many ways, the complement of cell subtypes determines the information processing that a local brain circuit can perform. For example, the balance of excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) signaling within a brain region contributes to response magnitude and specificity in ways that influence the effectiveness of information processing. An extreme example of response changes to sensory information occur across Critical Periods (CPs). In primary mammalian visual cortex, GAD65 and parvalbumin inhibitory cell types in particular control experience-dependent responses during a CP. Here, we test how the density of GAD65- and parvalbumin-expressing cells may inform on a CP for complex behavioral learning. Juvenile male zebra finch songbirds (females cannot sing) learn to sing through coordinated sensory, sensorimotor, and motor learning processes distributed throughout a well-defined neural network. There is a CP for sensory learning, the process by which a young male forms a memory of his “tutor’s” song, which is then used to guide the young bird’s emerging song structure. We quantified the effect of sex and experience with a tutor on the cell densities of GAD65- and parvalbumin-expressing cells across major nodes of the song network, using ages that span the CP for tutor song memorization. As a resource, we also include whole-brain mapping data for both genes. Results indicate that inhibitory cell populations differ across sex, age, and experiential conditions, but not always in the ways we predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph V Gogola
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Mind and Biology, Chicago, USA
| | - Elisa O Gores
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Mind and Biology, Chicago, USA
| | - Sarah E London
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Mind and Biology, Chicago, USA. .,Grossman Institute for Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, Committee on Neurobiology, Committee on Evolutionary Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Abstract
Given the prevalence of sleep in early development, any satisfactory account of infant brain activity must consider what happens during sleep. Only recently, however, has it become possible to record sleep-related brain activity in newborn rodents. Using such methods in rat pups, it is now clear that sleep, more so than wake, provides a critical context for the processing of sensory input and the expression of functional connectivity throughout the sensorimotor system. In addition, sleep uniquely reveals functional activity in the developing primary motor cortex, which establishes a somatosensory map long before its role in motor control emerges. These findings will inform our understanding of the developmental processes that contribute to the nascent sense of embodiment in human infants.
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Cheyne JE, Zabouri N, Baddeley D, Lohmann C. Spontaneous Activity Patterns Are Altered in the Developing Visual Cortex of the Fmr1 Knockout Mouse. Front Neural Circuits 2019; 13:57. [PMID: 31616256 PMCID: PMC6775252 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2019.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most prevalent inherited cause of autism and is accompanied by behavioral and sensory deficits. Errors in the wiring of the brain during early development likely contribute to these deficits, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Spontaneous activity patterns, which are required for fine-tuning neuronal networks before the senses become active, are perturbed in rodent models of FXS. Here, we investigated spontaneous network activity patterns in the developing visual cortex of the Fmr1 knockout mouse using in vivo calcium imaging during the second postnatal week, before eye opening. We found that while the frequency, mean amplitude and duration of spontaneous network events were unchanged in the knockout mouse, pair-wise correlations between neurons were increased compared to wild type littermate controls. Further analysis revealed that interneuronal correlations were not generally increased, rather that low-synchronization events occurred relatively less frequently than high-synchronization events. Low-, but not high-, synchronization events have been associated with retinal inputs previously. Since we found that spontaneous retinal waves were normal in the knockout, our results suggest that peripherally driven activity is underrepresented in the Fmr1 KO visual cortex. Therefore, we propose that central gating of retinal inputs may be affected in FXS and that peripherally and centrally driven activity patterns are already unbalanced before eye opening in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette E Cheyne
- Department of Synapse and Network Development, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nawal Zabouri
- Department of Synapse and Network Development, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - David Baddeley
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christian Lohmann
- Department of Synapse and Network Development, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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55
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Sexual dimorphism of inhibitory synaptic transmission in RA projection neurons of songbirds. Neurosci Lett 2019; 709:134377. [PMID: 31352043 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The song control system in the brain of songbirds is important for the production and acquisition of song and exhibits some of the largest neural sex differences observed in vertebrates. The robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA) is a premotor nucleus, playing a key role in controlling singing. RA projection neurons (PNs) receives denser synapse inputs including excitatory in males than in females. However, the inhibitory synaptic transmission in the RA has not been reported. In the present study, using whole-cell voltage-clamp recording, spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) of the males and females were recorded. The average frequency and amplitude of sIPSCs/mIPSCs in males were higher than females. These results demonstrate the sexually dimorphic of the inhibitory synaptic transmission in the RA PNs and the RA PNs in males receive more inhibitory synaptic transmission. These findings contribute to further illuminate the neural mechanisms under the sexually dimorphism song production of adult zebra finches.
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56
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Aizenberg M, Rolón-Martínez S, Pham T, Rao W, Haas JS, Geffen MN. Projection from the Amygdala to the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus Amplifies Cortical Sound Responses. Cell Rep 2019; 28:605-615.e4. [PMID: 31315041 PMCID: PMC7081884 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many forms of behavior require selective amplification of neuronal representations of relevant environmental signals. Emotional learning enhances sensory responses in the sensory cortex, yet the underlying circuits remain poorly understood. We identify a pathway between the basolateral amygdala (BLA), an emotional learning center in the mouse brain, and the inhibitory reticular nucleus of the thalamus (TRN). Optogenetic activation of BLA suppressed spontaneous, but not tone-evoked, activity in the auditory cortex (AC), amplifying tone-evoked responses. Viral tracing identified BLA projections terminating at TRN. Optogenetic activation of amygdala-TRN projections further amplified tone-evoked responses in the auditory thalamus and cortex. The results are explained by a computational model of the thalamocortical circuitry, in which activation of TRN by BLA primes thalamocortical neurons to relay relevant sensory input. This circuit mechanism shines a neural spotlight on behaviorally relevant signals and provides a potential target for the treatment of neuropsychological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Aizenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: HNS, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Solymar Rolón-Martínez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: HNS, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tuan Pham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Winnie Rao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: HNS, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julie S Haas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Maria N Geffen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: HNS, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Asgarihafshejani A, Nashmi R, Delaney KR. Cell-Genotype Specific Effects of Mecp2 Mutation on Spontaneous and Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Evoked Currents in Medial Prefrontal Cortical Pyramidal Neurons in Female Rett Model Mice. Neuroscience 2019; 414:141-153. [PMID: 31299345 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutation in the X-linked MECP2 gene. Random X-inactivation produces a mosaic of mutant (MT) and wild-type (WT) neurons in female Mecp2+/- (het) mice. Many RTT symptoms are alleviated by increasing activity in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in RTT model mice (Howell et al., 2017). Using a GFP-MeCP2 fusion protein to distinguish WT from MT pyramidal neurons in mPFC we found cell autonomous (cell genotype specific) and non-autonomous effects of MeCP2 deficiency on spontaneous excitatory/inhibitory balance, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) currents and evoked activity. MT Layer 5 and 6 (L5, L6) neurons of male nulls, and MT L6 of het mice had reduced spontaneous excitatory synaptic input compared to WT in wild-type male (WTm), female (WTf) and het mice. Inhibitory synaptic charge in MT L6 equaled WT in 2-4-month hets. At 6-7 months inhibitory charge in WT in het slices was increased compared to both MT in het and WT in WTf; however, in hets the excitatory/inhibitory charge ratio was still greater in WT compared to MT. nAChR currents were reduced in L6 of nulls and MT L6 in het slices compared to WT neurons of het, WTm and WTf. At 2-4 months, ACh perfusion increased frequency of inhibitory currents to L6 neurons equally in all genotypes but increased excitatory inputs to MT and WT in hets less than WT in WTfs. Unexpectedly ACh perfusion evoked greater sustained IPSC and EPSC input to L5 neurons of nulls compared to WTm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raad Nashmi
- Dept. of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W2Y2
| | - Kerry R Delaney
- Dept. of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W2Y2.
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58
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Electrophysiological monitoring of inhibition in mammalian species, from rodents to humans. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 130:104500. [PMID: 31195126 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
GABAergic interneurons constitute a highly diverse family of neurons that play a critical role in cortical functions. Due to their prominent role in cortical network dynamics, genetic, developmental, or other dysfunctions in GABAergic neurons have been linked to neurological disorders such as epilepsy. Thus, it is crucial to investigate the interaction of these various neurons and to develop methods to specifically and directly monitor inhibitory activity in vivo. While research in small mammals has benefited from a wealth of recent technological development, bridging the gap to large mammals and humans remains a challenge. This is of particular interest since single neuron monitoring with intracranial electrodes in epileptic patients is developing quickly, opening new avenues for understanding the role of different cell types in epilepsy. Here, we review currently available techniques that monitor inhibitory activity in the brain and the respective validations in rodents. Finally, we discuss the future developments of these techniques and how knowledge from animal research can be translated to the study of neuronal circuit dynamics in the human brain.
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59
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Shiramatsu TI, Ibayashi K, Takahashi H. Layer-specific representation of long-lasting sustained activity in the rat auditory cortex. Neuroscience 2019; 408:91-104. [PMID: 30978381 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In the auditory system, distinct and reproducible transient activities responding to the onset of sound have long been the focus when characterizing the auditory cortex, i.e., tonotopic maps, subregions, and layer-specific representation. There is limited information on sustained activities because the rapid adaptation impairs reproducibility and the signal-to-noise ratio. We recently overcame this problem by focusing on neural synchrony and machine learning demonstrated that band-specific power and the phase locking value (PLV) represent sound information in a tonotopic and region-specific manner. Here, we attempted to reveal the layer-specific representation of sustained activities. A microelectrode array recorded sustained activities from layers 2/3, 4, and 5/6 of the rat auditory cortex. We characterized band-specific power and PLV patterns and applied sparse logistic regression (SLR) to discriminate (1) between the sound-induced and spontaneous activities and (2) five test frequencies from the sound-induced activities in each layer. SLR achieved the highest discrimination performance in high-gamma activities in layers 4 and 5/6, higher than in layer 2/3, indicating poor sound representation in layer 2/3. Moreover, the recording sites that contributed to the discrimination in layers 4 and 5/6 had a characteristic frequency similar to the test frequency and were often located in the belt area, indicating tonotopic and region-specific representation. These results indicate that information processing of sustained activities may depend on high-gamma oscillators, i.e., cortical inhibitory interneurons, and reflects layer-specific thalamocortical and corticocortical neural circuits in the auditory system, which may contribute to associative information processing beyond sound frequency in auditory perception.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenji Ibayashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Takahashi
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan.
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60
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Hayashi A, Yoshida T, Ohki K. Cell Type Specific Representation of Vibro-tactile Stimuli in the Mouse Primary Somatosensory Cortex. Front Neural Circuits 2018; 12:109. [PMID: 30618647 PMCID: PMC6307530 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2018.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the processing of whisker deflections in the barrel area of the rodent primary somatosensory cortex (S1) has been studied extensively, how cutaneous vibro-tactile stimuli are processed in the rodent S1 outside the barrel area has not been fully examined. Particularly, the cell-type specific representation of multiple vibration frequencies in genetically identified inhibitory cells in the S1 has not been examined. Using two-photon calcium imaging, we examined the responses to vibration stimuli of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the S1 hind limb area of male and female mice. The excitatory cells showed relatively sharp selectivity to vibration stimuli, whereas the inhibitory cells exhibited less selectivity. The excitatory and inhibitory cells with different preferred stimuli were intermingled in a “salt and pepper” manner. Furthermore, the noise correlation tended to be especially strong in excitatory-inhibitory and inhibitory-inhibitory cell pairs that have similar stimulus selectivity. These results suggest that excitatory cells tend to represent specific stimulus information and work together with similarly tuned inhibitory cells as a functionally connected network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Hayashi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Yoshida
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ohki
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Japan.,International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Studies (UTIAS), Tokyo, Japan
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61
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Subtypes of GABAergic cells in the inferior colliculus. Hear Res 2018; 376:1-10. [PMID: 30314930 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The inferior colliculus occupies a central position in ascending and descending auditory pathways. A substantial proportion of its neurons are GABAergic, and these neurons contribute to intracollicular circuits as well as to extrinsic projections to numerous targets. A variety of types of evidence - morphology, physiology, molecular markers - indicate that the GABAergic cells can be divided into at least four subtypes that serve different functions. However, there has yet to emerge a unified scheme for distinguishing these subtypes. The present review discusses these criteria and, where possible, relates the different properties. In contrast to GABAergic cells in cerebral cortex, where subtypes are much more thoroughly characterized, those in the inferior colliculus contribute substantially to numerous long range extrinsic projections. At present, the best characterized subtype is a GABAergic cell with a large soma, dense perisomatic synaptic inputs and a large axon that provides rapid auditory input to the thalamus. This large GABAergic subtype projects to additional targets, and other subtypes also project to the thalamus. The eventual characterization of these subtypes can be expected to reveal multiple functions of these inhibitory cells and the many circuits to which they contribute.
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62
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Turco CV, El-Sayes J, Locke MB, Chen R, Baker S, Nelson AJ. Effects of lorazepam and baclofen on short- and long-latency afferent inhibition. J Physiol 2018; 596:5267-5280. [PMID: 30192388 DOI: 10.1113/jp276710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) is modulated by GABAA receptor activity, whereas the pharmacological origin of long-latency afferent inhibition remains unknown. This is the first study to report that long-latency afferent inhibition (LAI) is reduced by the GABAA positive allosteric modulator lorazepam, and that both SAI and LAI are not modulated by the GABAB agonist baclofen. These findings advance our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying afferent inhibition. ABSTRACT The afferent volley evoked by peripheral nerve stimulation has an inhibitory influence on transcranial magnetic stimulation induced motor evoked potentials. This phenomenon, known as afferent inhibition, occurs in two phases: short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) and long-latency afferent inhibition (LAI). SAI exerts its inhibitory influence via cholinergic and GABAergic activity. The neurotransmitter receptors that mediate LAI remain unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether LAI is contributed by GABAA and/or GABAB receptor activity. In a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, 2.5 mg of lorazepam (GABAA agonist), 20 mg of baclofen (GABAB agonist) and placebo were administered to 14 males (mean age 22.7 ± 1.9 years) in three separate sessions. SAI and LAI, evoked by stimulation of the median nerve and recorded from the first dorsal interosseous muscle, were quantified before and at the peak plasma concentration following drug ingestion. Results indicate that lorazepam reduced LAI by ∼40% and, in support of previous work, reduced SAI by ∼19%. However, neither SAI, nor LAI were altered by baclofen. In a follow-up double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, 10 returning participants received placebo or 40 mg of baclofen (double the dosage used in Experiment 1). The results obtained indicate that SAI and LAI were unchanged by baclofen. This is the first study to show that LAI is modulated by GABAA receptor activity, similar to SAI, and that afferent inhibition does not appear to be a GABAB mediated process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia V Turco
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jenin El-Sayes
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mitchell B Locke
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Chen
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steven Baker
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Aimee J Nelson
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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63
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Vahaba DM, Remage-Healey L. Neuroestrogens rapidly shape auditory circuits to support communication learning and perception: Evidence from songbirds. Horm Behav 2018; 104:77-87. [PMID: 29555375 PMCID: PMC7025793 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Contribution to Special Issue on Fast effects of steroids. Steroid hormones, such as estrogens, were once thought to be exclusively synthesized in the ovaries and enact transcriptional changes over the course of hours to days. However, estrogens are also locally synthesized within neural circuits, wherein they rapidly (within minutes) modulate a range of behaviors, including spatial cognition and communication. Here, we review the role of brain-derived estrogens (neuroestrogens) as modulators within sensory circuits in songbirds. We first present songbirds as an attractive model to explore how neuroestrogens in auditory cortex modulate vocal communication processing and learning. Further, we examine how estrogens may enhance vocal learning and auditory memory consolidation in sensory cortex via mechanisms similar to those found in the hippocampus of rodents and birds. Finally, we propose future directions for investigation, including: 1) the extent of developmental and hemispheric shifts in aromatase and membrane estrogen receptor expression in auditory circuits; 2) how neuroestrogens may impact inhibitory interneurons to regulate audition and critical period plasticity; and, 3) dendritic spine plasticity as a candidate mechanism mediating estrogen-dependent effects on vocal learning. Together, this perspective of estrogens as neuromodulators in the vertebrate brain has opened new avenues in understanding sensory plasticity, including how hormones can act on communication circuits to influence behaviors in other vocal learning species, such as in language acquisition and speech processing in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Vahaba
- Neuroscience and Behavior Program, Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Luke Remage-Healey
- Neuroscience and Behavior Program, Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
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Ueno H, Suemitsu S, Murakami S, Kitamura N, Wani K, Matsumoto Y, Okamoto M, Aoki S, Ishihara T. Juvenile stress induces behavioral change and affects perineuronal net formation in juvenile mice. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:41. [PMID: 30012101 PMCID: PMC6048828 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0442-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many neuropsychiatric disorders develop in early life. Although the mechanisms involved have not been elucidated, it is possible that functional abnormalities of parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PV neurons) are present. Several previous studies have shown that juvenile stress is implicated in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders. We aimed to clarify the effects of juvenile stress on behavior and on the central nervous system. We investigated behavioral abnormalities of chronically-stressed mice during juvenilehood and the effect of juvenile stress on PV neurons and WFA-positive perineuronal nets (PNNs), which are associated with vulnerability and plasticity in the mouse brain. Results Due to juvenile stress, mice showed neurodevelopmental disorder-like behavior. Juvenile stressed mice did not show depressive-like behaviors, but on the contrary, they showed increased activity and decreased anxiety-like behavior. In the central nervous system of juvenile stressed mice, the fluorescence intensity of WFA-positive PNNs decreased, which may signify increased vulnerability. Conclusion This study suggested that juvenile stressed mice showed behavioral abnormalities, resembling those seen in neuropsychiatric disorders, and increased brain vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ueno
- Department of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288, Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0193, Japan. .,Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Suemitsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Shinji Murakami
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Naoya Kitamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Kenta Wani
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yosuke Matsumoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Motoi Okamoto
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shozo Aoki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ishihara
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
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