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Hahad O, Döge J, Bahr-Hamm K, Beutel ME, Kontohow-Beckers K, Schuster AK, Keller K, Hobohm L, Schmitt VH, Gianicolo E, Lackner KJ, Daiber A, Wild PS, Hackenberg B, Münzel T. Noise annoyance due to different sources is associated with tinnitus presence and distress in the general population. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2024:10.1038/s41370-024-00668-9. [PMID: 38570612 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of tinnitus is not yet fully understood. Although there is a large amount of evidence associating traffic noise exposure with non-auditory health outcomes, there is no evidence regarding the impact of noise annoyance on auditory disorders such as tinnitus. OBJECTIVE Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between noise annoyance due to different sources and tinnitus presence and distress in the general population. METHODS Data of 6813 participants from a large German population-based cohort were used (Gutenberg Health Study). Participants were asked about the presence of tinnitus and how much they were bothered by it. In addition, information on annoyance from road traffic, aircraft, railways, industrial, and neighborhood noise during the day and sleep was collected through validated questionnaires. RESULTS The prevalence of tinnitus was 27.3%, and the predominant sources of noise annoyance in these subjects were aircraft, neighborhood, and road traffic noise. Overall, logistic regression results demonstrated consistent positive associations between annoyance due to different noise sources and prevalent risk of tinnitus with increases in odds ratios ranging from 4 to 11% after adjustment for sex, age, and socioeconomic status. Likewise, consistent increases in odds ratios were observed for tinnitus distress in subjects with prevalent tinnitus. For instance, neighborhood noise annoyance during the sleep was associated with a 26% increase in tinnitus distress (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13; 1.39). IMPACT This is the first study investigating the association between noise annoyance and tinnitus presence and distress in a large cohort of the general population. Our results indicate consistent and positive associations between various sources of noise annoyance and tinnitus. These unprecedented findings are highly relevant as noise annoyance and tinnitus are widespread. The precise etiology and locus of tinnitus remain unknown, but excessive noise exposure is thought to be among the major causes. This study suggests that transportation and neighborhood noise levels thought merely to contribute to annoyance and non-auditory health effects may be sufficient to cause or exacerbate tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Hahad
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Julia Döge
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Bahr-Hamm
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred E Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Konstantin Kontohow-Beckers
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander K Schuster
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karsten Keller
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Medical Clinic VII, Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Hobohm
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Volker H Schmitt
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Emilio Gianicolo
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Lecce, Italy
| | - Karl J Lackner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp S Wild
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Berit Hackenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology - Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
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Zhi W, Li Y, Wang Y, Zou Y, Wang H, Xu X, Ma L, Ren Y, Qiu Y, Hu X, Wang L. Effects of 90 dB pure tone exposure on auditory and cardio-cerebral system functions in macaque monkeys. Environ Res 2024; 249:118236. [PMID: 38266893 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Excessive noise exposure presents significant health risks to humans, affecting not just the auditory system but also the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. This study focused on three male macaque monkeys as subjects. 90 dB sound pressure level (SPL) pure tone exposure (frequency: 500Hz, repetition rate: 40Hz, 1 min per day, continuously exposed for 5 days) was administered. Assessments were performed before exposure, during exposure, immediately after exposure, and at 7-, 14-, and 28-days post-exposure, employing auditory brainstem response (ABR) tests, electrocardiograms (ECG), and electroencephalograms (EEG). The study found that the average threshold for the Ⅴ wave in the right ear increased by around 30 dB SPL right after exposure (P < 0.01) compared to pre-exposure. This elevation returned to normal within 7 days. The ECG results indicated that one of the macaque monkeys exhibited an RS-type QRS wave, and inverted T waves from immediately after exposure to 14 days, which normalized at 28 days. The other two monkeys showed no significant changes in their ECG parameters. Changes in EEG parameters demonstrated that main brain regions exhibited significant activation at 40Hz during noise exposure. After noise exposure, the power spectral density (PSD) in main brain regions, particularly those represented by the temporal lobe, exhibited a decreasing trend across all frequency bands, with no clear recovery over time. In summary, exposure to 90 dB SPL noise results in impaired auditory systems, aberrant brain functionality, and abnormal electrocardiographic indicators, albeit with individual variations. It has implications for establishing noise protection standards, although the precise mechanisms require further exploration by integrating pathological and behavioral indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Zhi
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Ying Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Zou
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Xinping Xu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Lizhen Ma
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanling Ren
- Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yefeng Qiu
- Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiangjun Hu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Gröschel M, Manchev T, Fröhlich F, Jansen S, Ernst A, Basta D. Neurodegeneration after repeated noise trauma in the mouse lower auditory pathway. Neurosci Lett 2024; 818:137571. [PMID: 38013120 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
High intensity noise exposure leads to a permanent shift in auditory thresholds (PTS), affecting both peripheral (cochlear) tissue and the central auditory system. Studies have shown that a noise-induced hearing loss results in significant cell loss in several auditory structures. Degeneration can be demonstrated within hours after noise exposure, particularly in the lower auditory pathway, and continues to progress over days and weeks following the trauma. However, there is limited knowledge about the effects of recurring acoustic trauma. Repeated noise exposure has been demonstrated to increase neuroplasticity and neural activity. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the influence of a second noise exposure on the cytoarchitecture of key structures of the auditory pathway, including spiral ganglion neurons (SGN), the ventral and dorsal cochlear nucleus (VCN and DCN, respectively), and the inferior colliculus (IC). In the experiments, young adult normal hearing mice were exposed to noise once or twice (with the second trauma applied one week after the initial exposure) for 3 h, using broadband white noise (5 - 20 kHz) at 115 dB SPL. The cell densities in the investigated auditory structures significantly decreased in response to the initial noise exposure compared to unexposed control animals. These findings are consistent with earlier research, which demonstrated degeneration in the auditory pathway within the first week after acoustic trauma. Additionally, cell densities were significantly decreased after the second trauma, but this effect was only observed in the VCN, with no similar effects seen in the SGN, DCN, or IC. These results illustrate how repeated noise exposure influences the cytoarchitecture of the auditory system. It appears that an initial noise exposure primarily damages the lower auditory pathway, but surviving cellular structures may develop resistance to additional noise-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Gröschel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Tanyo Manchev
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Fröhlich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jansen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Ernst
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Basta
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Moffitt TB, Atcherson S, Padberg J. Auditory brainstem responses in the nine-banded armadillo ( Dasypus novemcinctus). PeerJ 2023; 11:e16602. [PMID: 38107579 PMCID: PMC10725177 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The auditory brainstem response (ABR) to tone burst stimuli of thirteen frequencies ranging from 0.5 to 48 kHz was recorded in the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), the only extant member of the placental mammal superorder Xenarthra in North America. The armadillo ABR consisted of five main peaks that were visible within the first 10 ms when stimuli were presented at high intensities. The latency of peak I of the armadillo ABR increased as stimulus intensity decreased by an average of 20 μs/dB. Estimated frequency-specific thresholds identified by the ABR were used to construct an estimate of the armadillo audiogram describing the mean thresholds of the eight animals tested. The majority of animals tested (six out of eight) exhibited clear responses to stimuli from 0.5 to 38 kHz, and two animals exhibited responses to stimuli of 48 kHz. Across all cases, the lowest thresholds were observed for frequencies from 8 to 12 kHz. Overall, we observed that the armadillo estimated audiogram bears a similar pattern as those observed using ABR in members of other mammalian clades, including marsupials and later-derived placental mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel Atcherson
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
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Arruda de Souza Alcarás P, Alves Corazza MC, Vianna L, Miranda de Araujo C, Alves Corazza L, Zeigelboim BS, Moreira de Lacerda AB. Auditory and Vestibular Findings in Brazilian Adults Affected by COVID-19: An Exploratory Study. Audiol Neurootol 2023; 28:466-477. [PMID: 37490870 DOI: 10.1159/000531207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to describe auditory and vestibular findings in Brazilian adults after COVID-19 in a municipality from the outskirts of the São Paulo state. METHODS This was a transversal and exploratory study comprising sixteen participants infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, confirmed through RT-PCR detection, aged 20 to 55 years. Subjects underwent anamnesis, vestibular and auditory testing. Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate medication use, chemical and physical exposure, and occupational risk and McNemar test was used to compare auditory and vestibular symptoms pre- and post-COVID-19. RESULTS Most patients were women (75%) and had been exposed to the virus over 90 days before testing (50%). 18.8% used hydroxychloroquine, 68.8% used ivermectin, and 87.5% used azithromycin to treat COVID-19. Auditory complaints were reported by 31.2% and vestibular by 18.7%. There was no statistical difference before and after the disease. Other reported symptomatology was hair loss, pain, fatigue, memory loss, difficulty to concentrate, and headache. Auditory findings were relevant in contralateral acoustic reflex, in the distortion-product otoacoustic emissions, and in the brainstem auditory evoked potential, characterizing a neurosensorial compromise. 43.74% of patients had altered vectonystagmography. When comparing both ears, no statistical relevance was found; however, when results were crossed with medication use and exposures, there was statistical relevance in the amplitude of the V wave for medications and absolute latency of the V wave to exposure to physical agents. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION This study demonstrated auditory and vestibular findings of neurosensorial nature, considering hearing and of a peripheral vestibulopathy. As it is a study of transversal nature, it is not possible to extend results to general population; yet it may be a finding to future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Cristina Alves Corazza
- Post-Graduate Program in Communication Disorders, Tuiuti University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Larissa Vianna
- Post-Graduate Program in Communication Disorders, Tuiuti University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Luíza Alves Corazza
- Neurology Department, Hospital Santa Marcelina de Itaquera, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Bender Moreira de Lacerda
- Post-Graduate Program in Communication Disorders, Tuiuti University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- l'École d'Orthophonie et d'Audiologie, Université de Montreal (CA), Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Bellur A, Thakkar K, Elhilali M. Explicit-memory multiresolution adaptive framework for speech and music separation. EURASIP J Audio Speech Music Process 2023; 2023:20. [PMID: 37181589 PMCID: PMC10169896 DOI: 10.1186/s13636-023-00286-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The human auditory system employs a number of principles to facilitate the selection of perceptually separated streams from a complex sound mixture. The brain leverages multi-scale redundant representations of the input and uses memory (or priors) to guide the selection of a target sound from the input mixture. Moreover, feedback mechanisms refine the memory constructs resulting in further improvement of selectivity of a particular sound object amidst dynamic backgrounds. The present study proposes a unified end-to-end computational framework that mimics these principles for sound source separation applied to both speech and music mixtures. While the problems of speech enhancement and music separation have often been tackled separately due to constraints and specificities of each signal domain, the current work posits that common principles for sound source separation are domain-agnostic. In the proposed scheme, parallel and hierarchical convolutional paths map input mixtures onto redundant but distributed higher-dimensional subspaces and utilize the concept of temporal coherence to gate the selection of embeddings belonging to a target stream abstracted in memory. These explicit memories are further refined through self-feedback from incoming observations in order to improve the system's selectivity when faced with unknown backgrounds. The model yields stable outcomes of source separation for both speech and music mixtures and demonstrates benefits of explicit memory as a powerful representation of priors that guide information selection from complex inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Bellur
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Karan Thakkar
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Mounya Elhilali
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
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Leong ATL, Wong EC, Wang X, Wu EX. Hippocampus Modulates Vocalizations Responses at Early Auditory Centers. Neuroimage 2023; 270:119943. [PMID: 36828157 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.119943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite its prominence in learning and memory, hippocampal influence in early auditory processing centers remains unknown. Here, we examined how hippocampal activity modulates sound-evoked responses in the auditory midbrain and thalamus using optogenetics and functional MRI (fMRI) in rodents. Ventral hippocampus (vHP) excitatory neuron stimulation at 5 Hz evoked robust hippocampal activity that propagates to the primary auditory cortex. We then tested 5 Hz vHP stimulation paired with either natural vocalizations or artificial/noise acoustic stimuli. vHP stimulation enhanced auditory responses to vocalizations (with a negative or positive valence) in the inferior colliculus, medial geniculate body, and auditory cortex, but not to their temporally reversed counterparts (artificial sounds) or broadband noise. Meanwhile, pharmacological vHP inactivation diminished response selectivity to vocalizations. These results directly reveal the large-scale hippocampal participation in natural sound processing at early centers of the ascending auditory pathway. They expand our present understanding of hippocampus in global auditory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex T L Leong
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Eddie C Wong
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xunda Wang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ed X Wu
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Capshaw G, Brown AD, Peña JL, Carr CE, Christensen-Dalsgaard J, Tollin DJ, Womack MC, McCullagh EA. The continued importance of comparative auditory research to modern scientific discovery. Hear Res 2023; 433:108766. [PMID: 37084504 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
A rich history of comparative research in the auditory field has afforded a synthetic view of sound information processing by ears and brains. Some organisms have proven to be powerful models for human hearing due to fundamental similarities (e.g., well-matched hearing ranges), while others feature intriguing differences (e.g., atympanic ears) that invite further study. Work across diverse "non-traditional" organisms, from small mammals to avians to amphibians and beyond, continues to propel auditory science forward, netting a variety of biomedical and technological advances along the way. In this brief review, limited primarily to tetrapod vertebrates, we discuss the continued importance of comparative studies in hearing research from the periphery to central nervous system with a focus on outstanding questions such as mechanisms for sound capture, peripheral and central processing of directional/spatial information, and non-canonical auditory processing, including efferent and hormonal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Capshaw
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - Andrew D Brown
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - José L Peña
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Catherine E Carr
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | | | - Daniel J Tollin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Molly C Womack
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A McCullagh
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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Henderson D, Bichoutar I, Moxham B, Faidherbe V, Plaisant O, Guédon A. Descriptive and functional anatomy of the Heschl Gyrus: historical review, manual labelling and current perspectives. Surg Radiol Anat 2023; 45:337-350. [PMID: 36859607 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-023-03114-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Heschl Gyrus (HG), which includes the Primary Auditory Cortex (PAC), lies on the upper surface of the superior temporal gyrus (T1). It has been the subject of growing interest in the fields of neuroscience over the past decade. Given the considerable interhemispheric and interindividual variability of its morphology, manual labelling remains the gold standard for its radio-anatomical study. The aim of this study was to revisit the original work of Richard L. Heschl, to provide a broad overview of the available anatomical knowledge and to propose a manually labelled 3D digital model. METHODS We reviewed existing works on the HG, from Heschl's original publication of 1878, Dejerine neuroanatomical atlas of 1895 to the most recent digital atlases (Julich-Brain Cytoarchitectonic Atlas, the Human Connectome Project). Our segmentation work was based on data from the BigBrain Project and used the MRIcron 2019 software. RESULTS The original publication by Heschl has been translated into French and English. We propose a correspondence of previous nomenclatures with the most recent ones, including the Terminologia Neuroanatomica. Finally, despite the notable anatomical variability of the HG, clear and coherent segmentation criteria allowed us to generate a 3D digital model of the HG. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Heschl's work is still relevant and could impulse further anatomical and functional studies. The segmentation criteria could serve as a reference for manual labelling of the HG. Furthermore, a thorough, and historically based understanding of the morphological, microstructural and functional characteristics of the HG could be useful for manual segmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ihsane Bichoutar
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Bernard Moxham
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
- Trans-European Anatomical Pedagogic Research Group (TEPARG), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Odile Plaisant
- Université Paris Cité, F-75006, Paris, France
- Trans-European Anatomical Pedagogic Research Group (TEPARG), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexis Guédon
- Université Paris Cité, F-75006, Paris, France.
- Trans-European Anatomical Pedagogic Research Group (TEPARG), Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, AP-HP Nord, Lariboisière Hospital, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France.
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, UMR_S 1140, Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, F-75006, Paris, France.
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Saleh AJ, Ahmed Y, Peters LO, Nothwang HG. Comparative expression analysis of the Atoh7 gene regulatory network in the mouse and chicken auditory hindbrain. Cell Tissue Res 2023:10.1007/s00441-023-03763-9. [PMID: 36961563 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03763-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian and avian auditory brainstem likely arose by independent evolution. To compare the underlying molecular mechanisms, we focused on Atoh7, as its expression pattern in the mammalian hindbrain is restricted to bushy cells in the ventral cochlear nucleus. We thereby took advantage of an Atoh7 centered gene regulatory network (GRN) in the retina including upstream regulators, Hes1 and Pax6, and downstream targets, Ebf3 and Eya2. In situ hybridization demonstrated for the latter four genes broad expression in all three murine cochlear nuclei at postnatal days (P) 4 and P30, contrasting the restricted expression of Atoh7. In chicken, all five transcription factors were expressed in all auditory hindbrain nuclei at embryonic day (E) 13 and P14. Notably, all five genes showed graded expression in the embryonic nucleus magnocellularis (NM). Atoh7 was highly expressed in caudally located neurons, whereas the other four transcription factors were highly expressed in rostrally located neurons. Thus, Atoh7 shows a strikingly different expression between the mammalian and avian auditory hindbrain. This together with the consistent absence of graded expression of GRN components in developing mammalian nuclei provide the first molecular support to the current view of convergent evolution as a major mechanism in the amniote auditory hindbrain. The graded expression of five transcription factors specifically in the developing NM confirms this nucleus as a central organizer of tonotopic features in birds. Finally, the expression of all five retinal GRN components in the auditory system suggests co-options of genes for development of sensory systems of distinct modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jason Saleh
- Division of Neurogenetics and Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Yannis Ahmed
- Institute of Neurophysiopathology (INP), Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Lars-Oliver Peters
- Division of Neurogenetics and Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Hans Gerd Nothwang
- Division of Neurogenetics and Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany.
- Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany.
- Department of Neuroscience, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany.
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Bureš Z, Pysanenko K, Syka J. Differences in auditory temporal processing in the left and right auditory cortices of the rat. Hear Res 2023; 430:108708. [PMID: 36753899 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we examined hemispheric differences in the representation and processing of temporally structured auditory stimuli. Neuronal responses evoked by sinusoidally frequency modulated (FM) tones, frequency sweeps, amplitude modulated (AM) tones and noise, click trains with constant inter-click intervals and natural vocalizations were recorded from the left (LAC) and right (RAC) auditory cortices in adult (4-6 months old) anaesthetized F344 rats. Using vector strength, modulation-transfer functions, van Rossum distances, or direction-selectivity index, representation and processing of structured auditory stimuli were compared in the LAC and the RAC. The RAC generally tended to exhibit a higher ability to synchronize with the stimulus, a higher reproducibility of responses, and a higher proportion of direction-selective units. The LAC, on the other hand, mostly had higher relative response magnitudes in the modulation transfer functions. Importantly, the hemispheric differences were dependent on the type of the stimulus and there was also a significant inter-individual variability. Our findings indicate that neural coding in the RAC is based more on timing of action potentials (temporal code), while the LAC uses more the response magnitudes (rate code). It is thus necessary to distinguish between the type of the neural code and the stimulus feature it encodes and reconsider the simple opinion about dominance of the LAC for temporal processing, as it may not hold in general for all types of temporally structured stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbyněk Bureš
- Department of Cognitive Systems and Neurosciences, Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Kateryna Pysanenko
- Department of Auditory Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Syka
- Department of Auditory Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Cognitive Systems and Neurosciences, Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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12
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Wilson BS, Tucci DL, Moses DA, Chang EF, Young NM, Zeng FG, Lesica NA, Bur AM, Kavookjian H, Mussatto C, Penn J, Goodwin S, Kraft S, Wang G, Cohen JM, Ginsburg GS, Dawson G, Francis HW. Harnessing the Power of Artificial Intelligence in Otolaryngology and the Communication Sciences. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2022; 23:319-349. [PMID: 35441936 PMCID: PMC9086071 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-022-00846-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Use of artificial intelligence (AI) is a burgeoning field in otolaryngology and the communication sciences. A virtual symposium on the topic was convened from Duke University on October 26, 2020, and was attended by more than 170 participants worldwide. This review presents summaries of all but one of the talks presented during the symposium; recordings of all the talks, along with the discussions for the talks, are available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktfewrXvEFg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-gQ5qX2v3rg . Each of the summaries is about 2500 words in length and each summary includes two figures. This level of detail far exceeds the brief summaries presented in traditional reviews and thus provides a more-informed glimpse into the power and diversity of current AI applications in otolaryngology and the communication sciences and how to harness that power for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake S. Wilson
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Hearing Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA ,grid.410711.20000 0001 1034 1720Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Debara L. Tucci
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.214431.10000 0001 2226 8444National Institute On Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - David A. Moses
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA
| | - Edward F. Chang
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA
| | - Nancy M. Young
- grid.413808.60000 0004 0388 2248Division of Otolaryngology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Childrens Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611 USA ,grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611 USA ,grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Department of Communication, Knowles Hearing Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 USA
| | - Fan-Gang Zeng
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Center for Hearing Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA ,grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Nicholas A. Lesica
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201UCL Ear Institute, University College London, London, WC1X 8EE UK
| | - Andrés M. Bur
- grid.266515.30000 0001 2106 0692Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Center, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Hannah Kavookjian
- grid.266515.30000 0001 2106 0692Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Center, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Caroline Mussatto
- grid.266515.30000 0001 2106 0692Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Center, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Joseph Penn
- grid.266515.30000 0001 2106 0692Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Center, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Sara Goodwin
- grid.266515.30000 0001 2106 0692Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Center, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Shannon Kraft
- grid.266515.30000 0001 2106 0692Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Center, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Guanghui Wang
- grid.68312.3e0000 0004 1936 9422Department of Computer Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3 Canada
| | - Jonathan M. Cohen
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.415014.50000 0004 0575 3669ENT Department, Kaplan Medical Center, 7661041 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Geoffrey S. Ginsburg
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961MEDx (Medicine & Engineering at Duke), Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Center for Applied Genomics & Precision Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Geraldine Dawson
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development, Duke University School of Medicine and the Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, NIH Autism Center of Excellence, Durham, NC 27705 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701 USA
| | - Howard W. Francis
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
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Moerel M, Yacoub E, Gulban OF, Lage-Castellanos A, De Martino F. Using high spatial resolution fMRI to understand representation in the auditory network. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 207:101887. [PMID: 32745500 PMCID: PMC7854960 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Following rapid methodological advances, ultra-high field (UHF) functional and anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been repeatedly and successfully used for the investigation of the human auditory system in recent years. Here, we review this work and argue that UHF MRI is uniquely suited to shed light on how sounds are represented throughout the network of auditory brain regions. That is, the provided gain in spatial resolution at UHF can be used to study the functional role of the small subcortical auditory processing stages and details of cortical processing. Further, by combining high spatial resolution with the versatility of MRI contrasts, UHF MRI has the potential to localize the primary auditory cortex in individual hemispheres. This is a prerequisite to study how sound representation in higher-level auditory cortex evolves from that in early (primary) auditory cortex. Finally, the access to independent signals across auditory cortical depths, as afforded by UHF, may reveal the computations that underlie the emergence of an abstract, categorical sound representation based on low-level acoustic feature processing. Efforts on these research topics are underway. Here we discuss promises as well as challenges that come with studying these research questions using UHF MRI, and provide a future outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Moerel
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (MBIC), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Essa Yacoub
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
| | - Omer Faruk Gulban
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (MBIC), Maastricht, the Netherlands; Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA; Brain Innovation B.V., Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Agustin Lage-Castellanos
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (MBIC), Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of NeuroInformatics, Cuban Center for Neuroscience, Cuba.
| | - Federico De Martino
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (MBIC), Maastricht, the Netherlands; Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
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14
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Wang TC, Chang TY, Tyler RS, Hwang BF, Chen YH, Wu CM, Liu CS, Chen KC, Lin CD, Tsai MH. Association between exposure to road traffic noise and hearing impairment: a case-control study. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2021; 19:1483-1489. [PMID: 34900282 PMCID: PMC8617107 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00704-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Noise pollution in urban areas is increasing steadily, and the study of road traffic noises and their effects on the auditory system was rare. This study investigated the potential effects of road traffic noise on auditory systems and hearing. METHODS A case-control study recruited outpatients from the Otolaryngology department. The case group (n = 41) had binaural hearing loss (HL) of standard pure-tone average(PTA) ≥ 25 dB or high frequency PTA ≥ 25 dB, while the control group (n = 39) had binaural hearing level of any frequency < 25 dB. Detailed otologic evaluations were performed. Between-group data were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Case or control group was identified based on the audiogram. RESULTS A total of 80 subjects were recruited, including 41 with hearing impairment and 39 as control. The mean exposure level of road traffic noise was significantly higher in the case group than the control group (p = 0.005). A crude OR of 5.78 showed an increased risk of greater than 70 dB of road traffic noise on hearing impairment and tinnitus (p < 0.001). The aOR of 9.24 (p = 0.002) from a multiple variate analysis suggested that road traffic noise levels greater than 70 dB may have a damaging effect on hearing. Damaging effects on hearing persisted even after adjusting for confounders in the full multivariate model (aOR of 9.24 [95% CI: 2.198-38.869]; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Exposing to road traffic noise greater than 70 dB showed an increased risk of damage to the auditory system. These results might help public health administrators and physicians to develop programs that address the health dangers of noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tang-Chuan Wang
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Yuan Chang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 91, Xueshi Rd., North Dist, Taichung City, 404394 Taiwan
| | - Richard S. Tyler
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Bing-Fang Hwang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 91, Xueshi Rd., North Dist, Taichung City, 404394 Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Che-Ming Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Shong Liu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Chao Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Der Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsui Tsai
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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15
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Bollini A, Campus C, Gori M. The development of allocentric spatial frame in the auditory system. J Exp Child Psychol 2021; 211:105228. [PMID: 34242896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2021.105228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to encode space is a crucial aspect of interacting with the external world. Therefore, this ability appears to be fundamental for the correct development of the capacity to integrate different spatial reference frames. The spatial reference frame seems to be present in all the sensory modalities. However, it has been demonstrated that different sensory modalities follow various developmental courses. Nevertheless, to date these courses have been investigated only in people with sensory impairments, where there is a possible bias due to compensatory strategies and it is complicated to assess the exact age when these skills emerge. For these reasons, we investigated the development of the allocentric frame in the auditory domain in a group of typically developing children aged 6-10 years. To do so, we used an auditory Simon task, a paradigm that involves implicit spatial processing, and we asked children to perform the task in both the uncrossed and crossed hands postures. We demonstrated that the crossed hands posture affected the performance only in younger children (6-7 years), whereas at 10 years of age children performed as adults and were not affected by such posture. Moreover, we found that this task's performance correlated with age and developmental differences in spatial abilities. Our results support the hypothesis that auditory spatial cognition's developmental course is similar to the visual modality development as reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Bollini
- Unit for Visually Impaired People, Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Claudio Campus
- Unit for Visually Impaired People, Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Monica Gori
- Unit for Visually Impaired People, Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
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Bures Z, Pysanenko K, Syka J. The influence of developmental noise exposure on the temporal processing of acoustical signals in the auditory cortex of rats. Hear Res 2021; 409:108306. [PMID: 34311267 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2021.108306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous experiments have acknowledged that inappropriate or missing auditory inputs during the critical period of development cause permanent changes of the structure and function of the auditory system (Bures et al., 2017). We explore in this study how developmental noise exposure influences the coding of temporally structured stimuli in the neurons of the primary auditory cortex (AC) in Long Evans rats. The animals were exposed on postnatal day 14 (P14) for 12 minutes to a loud (125 dB SPL) broad-band noise. The responses to an amplitude-modulated (AM) noise, frequency-modulated (FM) tones, and click trains, were recorded from the right AC of rats of two age groups: young-adult (ca. 6 months old) and adult (ca. 2 years old), both in the exposed animals and in control unexposed rats. The neonatal exposure resulted in a higher synchronization ability (phase-locking) of the AC neurons for all three stimuli; furthermore, the similarity of neuronal response patterns to repetitive stimulation was higher in the exposed rats. On the other hand, the exposed animals showed a steeper decline of modulation-transfer functions towards higher modulation frequencies/repetition rates. Differences between the two age groups were also apparent; in general, aging had qualitatively the same effect as the developmental exposure. The current results demonstrate that brief noise exposure during the maturation of the auditory system influences both the temporal and the rate coding of periodically modulated sounds in the AC of rats; the changes are permanent and observable up to late adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbynek Bures
- Department of Auditory Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; Department of Cognitive Systems and Neurosciences, Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics, Czech Technical University, Jugoslávských partyzánů 1580/3, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Kateryna Pysanenko
- Department of Auditory Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Syka
- Department of Auditory Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Ito T, Ono M, Matsui R, Watanabe D, Ohmori H. Avian adeno-associated virus as an anterograde transsynaptic vector. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 359:109221. [PMID: 34004203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retrograde and anterograde transsynaptic viral vectors are useful tools for studying the input and output organization of neuronal circuitry, respectively. While retrograde transsynaptic viral vectors are widely used, viral vectors that show anterograde transsynaptic transduction are not common. NEW METHOD We chose recombinant avian adeno-associated virus (A3V) carrying the mCherry gene and injected it into the eyeball, cochlear duct, and midbrain auditory center of chickens. We observed different survival times to examine the virus transcellular transport and the resulting mCherry expression. To confirm the transcellular transduction mode, we co-injected A3V and cholera toxin B subunit. RESULTS Injecting A3V into the eyeball and cochlea labeled neurons in the visual and auditory pathways, respectively. Second-, and third-order labeling occurred approximately two and seven days, respectively, after injection into the midbrain. The distribution of labeled neurons strongly suggests that A3V transport is preferentially anterograde and transduces postsynaptic neurons. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) A3V displays no extrasynaptic leakage and moderate speed of synapse passage, which is better than other viruses previously reported. Compared with AAV1&9, which have been shown to pass one synapse anterogradely, A3V passes several synapses in the anterograde direction. CONCLUSIONS A3V would be a good tool to study the topographic organization of projection axons and their target neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsufumi Ito
- Systems Function and Morphology Laboratory, Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Munenori Ono
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Matsui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Dai Watanabe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Harunori Ohmori
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Kessler M, Mamach M, Beutelmann R, Lukacevic M, Eilert S, Bascuñana P, Fasel A, Bengel FM, Bankstahl JP, Ross TL, Klump GM, Berding G. GABA A Receptors in the Mongolian Gerbil: a PET Study Using [ 18F]Flumazenil to Determine Receptor Binding in Young and Old Animals. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 22:335-47. [PMID: 31102039 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01371-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Plastic changes in the central auditory system involving the GABAergic system accompany age-related hearing loss. Such processes can be investigated with positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using [18F]flumazenil ([18F]FMZ). Here, [18F]FMZ PET-based modeling approaches allow a simple and reliable quantification of GABAA receptor binding capacity revealing regional differences and age-related changes. PROCEDURES Sixty-minute list-mode PET acquisitions were performed in 9 young (range 5-6 months) and 11 old (range 39-42 months) gerbils, starting simultaneously with the injection of [18F]FMZ via femoral vein. Non-displaceable binding potentials (BPnd) with pons as reference region were calculated for auditory cortex (AC), inferior colliculus (IC), medial geniculate body (MGB), somatosensory cortex (SC), and cerebellum (CB) using (i) a two-tissue compartment model (2TCM), (ii) the Logan plot with image-derived blood-input (Logan (BI)), (iii) a simplified reference tissue model (SRTM), and (iv) the Logan reference model (Logan (RT)). Statistical parametric mapping analysis (SPM) comparing young and old gerbils was performed using 3D parametric images for BPnd based on SRTM. Results were verified with in vitro autoradiography from five additional young gerbils. Model assessment included the Akaike information criterion (AIC). Hearing was evaluated using auditory brainstem responses. RESULTS BPnd differed significantly between models (p < 0.0005), showing the smallest mean difference between 2TCM as reference and SRTM as simplified procedure. SRTM revealed the lowest AIC values. Both volume of distribution (r2 = 0.8793, p = 0.018) and BPnd (r2 = 0.8216, p = 0.034) correlated with in vitro autoradiography data. A significant age-related decrease of receptor binding was observed in auditory (AC, IC, MGB) and other brain regions (SC and CB) (p < 0.0001, unpaired t test) being confirmed by SPM using pons as reference (p < 0.0001, uncorrected). CONCLUSION Imaging of GABAA receptor binding capacity in gerbils using [18F]FMZ PET revealed SRTM as a simple and robust quantification method of GABAA receptors. Comparison of BPnd in young and old gerbils demonstrated an age-related decrease of GABAA receptor binding.
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Krohs C, Bordeynik-Cohen M, Messika-Gold N, Elkon R, Avraham KB, Nothwang HG. Expression pattern of cochlear microRNAs in the mammalian auditory hindbrain. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 383:655-666. [PMID: 33156384 PMCID: PMC7904729 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03290-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The auditory system comprises the auditory periphery, engaged in sound transduction and the central auditory system, implicated in auditory information processing and perception. Recently, evidence mounted that the mammalian peripheral and central auditory systems share a number of genes critical for proper development and function. This bears implication for auditory rehabilitation and evolution of the auditory system. To analyze to which extent microRNAs (miRNAs) belong to genes shared between both systems, we characterize the expression pattern of 12 cochlea-abundant miRNAs in the central auditory system. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) demonstrated expression of all 12 genes in the cochlea, the auditory hindbrain and the non-auditory prefrontal cortex (PFC) at embryonic stage (E)16 and postnatal stages (P)0 and P30. Eleven of them showed differences in expression between tissues and nine between the developmental time points. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that the temporal expression pattern in the auditory hindbrain was more similar to the PFC than to the cochlea. Spatiotemporal expression analysis by RNA in situ hybridization demonstrated widespread expression throughout the cochlear nucleus complex (CNC) and the superior olivary complex (SOC) during postnatal development. Altogether, our data indicate that miRNAs represent a relevant class of genetic factors functioning across the auditory system. Given the importance of gene regulatory network (GRN) components for development, physiology and evolution, the 12 miRNAs provide promising entry points to gain insights into their molecular underpinnings in the auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Krohs
- Neurogenetics Group and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl Von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Mor Bordeynik-Cohen
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Naama Messika-Gold
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ran Elkon
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hans Gerd Nothwang
- Neurogenetics Group and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl Von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany.
- Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl Von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany.
- Department of Neuroscience, Center of Excellence Hearing4All, Carl Von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany.
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Mittal R, Bencie N, Liu G, Eshraghi N, Nisenbaum E, Blanton SH, Yan D, Mittal J, Dinh CT, Young JI, Gong F, Liu XZ. Recent advancements in understanding the role of epigenetics in the auditory system. Gene 2020; 761:144996. [PMID: 32738421 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sensorineural deafness in mammals is most commonly caused by damage to inner ear sensory epithelia, or hair cells, and can be attributed to genetic and environmental causes. After undergoing trauma, many non-mammalian organisms, including reptiles, birds, and zebrafish, are capable of regenerating damaged hair cells. Mammals, however, are not capable of regenerating damaged inner ear sensory epithelia, so that hair cell damage is permanent and can lead to hearing loss. The field of epigenetics, which is the study of various phenotypic changes caused by modification of genetic expression rather than alteration of DNA sequence, has seen numerous developments in uncovering biological mechanisms of gene expression and creating various medical treatments. However, there is a lack of information on the precise contribution of epigenetic modifications in the auditory system, specifically regarding their correlation with development of inner ear (cochlea) and consequent hearing impairment. Current studies have suggested that epigenetic modifications influence differentiation, development, and protection of auditory hair cells in cochlea, and can lead to hair cell degeneration. The objective of this article is to review the existing literature and discuss the advancements made in understanding epigenetic modifications of inner ear sensory epithelial cells. The analysis of the emerging epigenetic mechanisms related to inner ear sensory epithelial cells development, differentiation, protection, and regeneration will pave the way to develop novel therapeutic strategies for hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nicole Bencie
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - George Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nicolas Eshraghi
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Eric Nisenbaum
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Susan H Blanton
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Denise Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jeenu Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Christine T Dinh
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Juan I Young
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Feng Gong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Xue Zhong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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21
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Frühholz S, Schweinberger SR. Nonverbal auditory communication - Evidence for integrated neural systems for voice signal production and perception. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 199:101948. [PMID: 33189782 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
While humans have developed a sophisticated and unique system of verbal auditory communication, they also share a more common and evolutionarily important nonverbal channel of voice signaling with many other mammalian and vertebrate species. This nonverbal communication is mediated and modulated by the acoustic properties of a voice signal, and is a powerful - yet often neglected - means of sending and perceiving socially relevant information. From the viewpoint of dyadic (involving a sender and a signal receiver) voice signal communication, we discuss the integrated neural dynamics in primate nonverbal voice signal production and perception. Most previous neurobiological models of voice communication modelled these neural dynamics from the limited perspective of either voice production or perception, largely disregarding the neural and cognitive commonalities of both functions. Taking a dyadic perspective on nonverbal communication, however, it turns out that the neural systems for voice production and perception are surprisingly similar. Based on the interdependence of both production and perception functions in communication, we first propose a re-grouping of the neural mechanisms of communication into auditory, limbic, and paramotor systems, with special consideration for a subsidiary basal-ganglia-centered system. Second, we propose that the similarity in the neural systems involved in voice signal production and perception is the result of the co-evolution of nonverbal voice production and perception systems promoted by their strong interdependence in dyadic interactions.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cochlear implants (CIs) are biomedical devices that restore sound perception for people with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss. Most postlingually deafened CI users are able to achieve excellent speech recognition in quiet environments. However, current CI sound processors remain limited in their ability to deliver fine spectrotemporal information, making it difficult for CI users to perceive complex sounds. Limited access to complex acoustic cues such as music, environmental sounds, lexical tones, and voice emotion may have significant ramifications on quality of life, social development, and community interactions. AREAS COVERED The purpose of this review article is to summarize the literature on CIs and music perception, with an emphasis on music training in pediatric CI recipients. The findings have implications on our understanding of noninvasive, accessible methods for improving auditory processing and may help advance our ability to improve sound quality and performance for implantees. EXPERT OPINION Music training, particularly in the pediatric population, may be able to continue to enhance auditory processing even after performance plateaus. The effects of these training programs appear generalizable to non-trained musical tasks, speech prosody and, emotion perception. Future studies should employ rigorous control groups involving a non-musical acoustic intervention, standardized auditory stimuli, and the provision of feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole T Jiam
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine , San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Charles Limb
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine , San Francisco, CA, USA
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23
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Jovanovic S, Milenkovic I. Purinergic Modulation of Activity in the Developing Auditory Pathway. Neurosci Bull 2020; 36:1285-1298. [PMID: 33040238 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic P2 receptors, activated by endogenous ATP, are prominently expressed on neuronal and non-neuronal cells during development of the auditory periphery and central auditory neurons. In the mature cochlea, extracellular ATP contributes to ion homeostasis, and has a protective function against noise exposure. Here, we focus on the modulation of activity by extracellular ATP during early postnatal development of the lower auditory pathway. In mammals, spontaneous patterned activity is conveyed along afferent auditory pathways before the onset of acoustically evoked signal processing. During this critical developmental period, inner hair cells fire bursts of action potentials that are believed to provide a developmental code for synaptic maturation and refinement of auditory circuits, thereby establishing a precise tonotopic organization. Endogenous ATP-release triggers such patterned activity by raising the extracellular K+ concentration and contributes to firing by increasing the excitability of auditory nerve fibers, spiral ganglion neurons, and specific neuron types within the auditory brainstem, through the activation of diverse P2 receptors. We review recent studies that provide new models on the contribution of purinergic signaling to early development of the afferent auditory pathway. Further, we discuss potential future directions of purinergic research in the auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasa Jovanovic
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ivan Milenkovic
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany.
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24
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Bureš Z, Pysanenko K, Syka J. Age-related changes in the temporal processing of acoustical signals in the auditory cortex of rats. Hear Res 2021; 402:108025. [PMID: 32709399 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.108025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss is manifested primarily by a decreased sensitivity to faint sounds, that is, by elevation of the hearing thresholds. Nevertheless, aging also affects the ability of the auditory system to process temporal parameters of the sound stimulus. To explore the precision and reliability of auditory temporal processing during aging, responses to several types of sound stimuli were recorded from neurons of the auditory cortex (AC) of young and aged anaesthetized Fischer 344 rats. In response to broad-band noise bursts, the aged rats exhibited larger response magnitudes, a higher proportion of monotonic units, and also a larger variability of response magnitudes, suggesting a lower stability of the rate code. Of primary interest were the responses to temporally structured stimuli (amplitude-modulated (AM) noise, frequency-modulated (FM) tones, and click trains) recorded separately in the right and left AC. Significant differences of temporal processing were already found between the neuronal responses in the left and right AC in the young animals: for the click trains, the left hemisphere exhibited a greater responsiveness to higher repetition rates, lower vector strength values, and a lower similarity of responses. The two hemispheres were also affected differently by aging. In the right hemisphere, neurons in the aged animals displayed worse synchronization with the AM noise and clicks, but better synchronization with the FM tone. In the left hemisphere, neuronal synchronization with the stimulus modulation improved at a higher age for all three stimuli. The results show that the ability of the aging auditory system to process temporal parameters of the stimulus strongly depends on the stimulus type and on laterality. Furthermore, the commonly reported age-related decline in the temporal processing ability cannot be regarded as general as, at least at the neuronal level in the AC, objective measures of the temporal representation often exhibit age-related improvement instead of deterioration.
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Abstract
Humans receive information from their environment via the visual and auditory systems. This information protects us from dangers and guarantees vital actions, such as social interaction, locomotion, work processes and nutrition. The most important anatomical and functional features of these two sensory systems are compared and elucidated with respect to their interaction/functional complementarity. For this purpose, a selective literature search was carried out in the databases PubMed (also in the Europe PubMed Central), Psychline, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. Additional information was obtained from relevant books and websites in the fields of (neuro)anatomy, (neuro)physiology, (neuro)ophthalmology and (neuro)otology. Search terms were Hörbahn, Sehbahn, visual system, auditory system, visual pathway, auditory pathway, receptors, spatial hearing, spatial cognition, auditory cognition and visual cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Ungewiss
- Fakultät für Optik und Mechatronik, Studiengang Augenoptik, Kompetenzzentrum "Vision Research", Hochschule Aalen, Anton-Huber-Str. 23, 73430, Aalen, Deutschland.
| | - Ivan Milenkovic
- Fakultät für Medizin und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Deutschland
| | | | - Regina Ebenhoch
- Department für Augenheilkunde, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Ulrich Schiefer
- Fakultät für Optik und Mechatronik, Studiengang Augenoptik, Kompetenzzentrum "Vision Research", Hochschule Aalen, Anton-Huber-Str. 23, 73430, Aalen, Deutschland
- Department für Augenheilkunde, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
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26
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Binder M, Górska U, Pipinis E, Voicikas A, Griskova-Bulanova I. Auditory steady-state response to chirp-modulated tones: A pilot study in patients with disorders of consciousness. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 27:102261. [PMID: 32388346 PMCID: PMC7215243 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chirp-evoked responses were evaluated in patients with disorders of consciousness. PLI estimates in 38–42 Hz window positively correlated with the CRS-R total score. Gamma-range evoked activity may indicate the integrity of thalamocortical networks.
Objective Due to the problems with behavioral diagnosis of patients with prolonged DOC (disorders of consciousness), complementary approaches based on objective measurement of neural function are necessary. In this pilot study, we assessed the sensitivity of auditory chirp-evoked responses to the state of patients with severe brain injury as measured with CRS-R (Coma Recovery Scale - Revised). Methods A convenience sample of fifteen DOC patients was included in the study. Auditory stimuli, chirp-modulated at 1–120 Hz were used to evoke auditory steady-state response (ASSR). Phase-locking index (PLI) estimates within low gamma and high gamma windows were evaluated. Results The PLI estimates within a narrow low gamma 38–42 Hz window positively correlated with the CRS-R total score and with the scores of the Auditory and Visual Function subscales. In the same low gamma window, significant difference in the PLIs was found between minimally conscious (MCS) and vegetative state (VS) patients. We did not observe any between-group differences nor any significant correlations with CRS-R scores in the high gamma window (80–110 Hz). Conclusions Our results support the notion that the activity around 40 Hz may serve as a possible marker of the integrity of thalamocortical networks in prolonged DOC patients. Significance Auditory steady-state responses at gamma-band frequencies highlight the role of upper parts of auditory system in evaluation of the level of consciousness in DOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Binder
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 6, 30-060 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Urszula Górska
- Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 6, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Evaldas Pipinis
- Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio ave 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aleksandras Voicikas
- Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio ave 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Inga Griskova-Bulanova
- Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio ave 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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27
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Milenkovic I, Schiefer U, Ebenhoch R, Ungewiss J. [Anatomy and physiology of the auditory pathway]. Ophthalmologe 2020; 117:1068-1073. [PMID: 32211922 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-020-01070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The auditory system consists of the ear located in the periphery, in which a conversion of the sound into an electrical signal takes place, and neurons, which perform central processing based on action potentials. The most important anatomical and functional features of the auditory system are explained. For this purpose, a selective literature search was carried out in the databases PubMed (also in the Europe PubMed Central), Psychline, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. Additional information was obtained from relevant books or websites in the fields of (neuro)anatomy, (neuro)physiology, (neuro)ophthalmology and (neuro)otology, among others with the keywords Hörbahn, auditory system, auditory pathway, receptors, spatial hearing and auditory cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Milenkovic
- Fakultät für Medizin und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Deutschland.
| | - Ulrich Schiefer
- Fakultät für Optik und Mechatronik, Studiengang Augenoptik; Kompetenzzentrum "Vision Research", Hochschule Aalen, Anton-Huber-Str. 23, 73430, Aalen, Deutschland.,Department für Augenheilkunde, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Regina Ebenhoch
- Department für Augenheilkunde, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland
| | - Judith Ungewiss
- Fakultät für Optik und Mechatronik, Studiengang Augenoptik; Kompetenzzentrum "Vision Research", Hochschule Aalen, Anton-Huber-Str. 23, 73430, Aalen, Deutschland
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28
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Jutras B, Lagacé J, Koravand A. The development of auditory functions. Handb Clin Neurol 2020; 173:143-155. [PMID: 32958169 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64150-2.00014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Typical development and maturation of the auditory system, at both the peripheral and central levels, is essential for the acquisition of speech, language, and auditory skills. The peripheral system generally encodes three basic parameters associated with auditory stimuli-time, frequency, and intensity. These acoustic cues are subsequently processed by the central auditory structures to reach and be perceived by the cerebral cortex. Observations of the human fetal and neonatal ear indicate that the peripheral auditory system is structurally and functionally adult-like at birth. In contrast, the central auditory system exhibits progressive anatomical and physiologic changes until early adulthood. Enriched experience with sound is fundamental and critical to auditory development. The absence of early and prolonged acoustic stimulation delays neuronal maturation, affecting the central auditory nervous system, in particular, and leading to atypical development. The present chapter reviews the various stages of development of the auditory system structures, especially the embryology of the human ear, before briefly presenting the trajectories of typical development of auditory abilities from infants to school-aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Jutras
- School of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Université de Montréal, Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Josée Lagacé
- Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Program, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Amineh Koravand
- Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Program, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Wetekam J, Reissig C, Hechavarria JC, Kössl M. Auditory brainstem responses in the bat Carollia perspicillata: threshold calculation and relation to audiograms based on otoacoustic emission measurement. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2019; 206:95-101. [PMID: 31853637 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-019-01394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
An objective method to evaluate auditory brainstem-evoked responses (ABR) based on the root-mean-square (rms) amplitude of the measured signal and bootstrapping procedures was used to determine threshold curves (see Lv et al. in Med Eng Phys 29:191-198, 2007; Linnenschmidt and Wiegrebe in Hear Res 373:85-95, 2019). The rms values and their significance for threshold determination depended strongly on the filtering of the signal. Using the minimum threshold values obtained at three different low-frequency filter corner frequencies (30, 100, 300 Hz), ABR threshold curves were calculated. The course of the ABR thresholds was comparable to that of published DPOAE (distortion-product otoacoustic emission) thresholds based on a - 10 dB SPL threshold criterion for the 2f1-f2 emission (Schlenther et al. in J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 15:695-705, 2014, frequency range 10-90 kHz). For frequencies between 20 and 80 kHz, which is the most sensitive part of the bat's audiogram, median thresholds ranged between 10 and 28 dB SPL, and the DPOAE thresholds ranged between 10 and 23 dB SPL. At frequencies below 20 kHz (5-20 kHz) and above 80 kHz (80-120 kHz), ABR thresholds increased by 20 dB/octave and 45 dB/octave, respectively. We conclude that the combination of objective threshold determination and multiple filtering of the signal gives reliable ABR thresholds comparable to cochlear threshold curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Wetekam
- Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, 60439, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christin Reissig
- Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, 60439, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Julio C Hechavarria
- Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, 60439, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Manfred Kössl
- Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, 60439, Frankfurt, Germany.
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30
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Ingham NJ. Evoked Potential Recordings of Auditory Brainstem Activity in the Mouse: An Optimized Method for the Assessment of Hearing Function of Mice. Bio Protoc 2019; 9:e3447. [PMID: 33654942 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is a common sensory deficiency suffered by millions worldwide. It is a heterogeneous condition and genetics plays a critical role in its etiology. Gene variants can fundamentally alter hearing function, or predispose the auditory system towards loss of function resulting from other factors. In mouse studies of hearing loss and gene function, an evoked potential electrophysiological recording, the auditory brainstem response (ABR), is now considered the optimal way to screen large numbers of individuals, either with normal hearing sensitivity or with hearing impairment. Other routinely used methods to assess hearing function (such as acoustic startle responses, or otoacoustic emissions) do not allow assessment of the same broad spectrum of dysfunction nor readily allow the threshold sensitivity of the neural output of the cochlea to be assessed and are less ideal. An optimized recording system to rapidly and reproducibly record high-quality ABRs from mutant mice as part of a high-throughput phenotyping pipeline was developed. Click-evoked ABRs and ABRs evoked by pure-tone frequencies over a range of sound levels from 0 dB to 95 dB, sound pressure levels (SPL) are recorded. This takes approximately 15-20 min per mouse (with 5 tone frequencies), allowing a large number of mutant mice to be screened. This method has been used to measure ABRs on a high-throughput mutant mouse phenotyping pipeline and in laboratory tests to follow-up the hearing loss phenotypes identified on that pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J Ingham
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, UK.,Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, UK
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31
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Górska U, Binder M. Low- and medium-rate auditory steady-state responses in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness correlate with Coma Recovery Scale - Revised score. Int J Psychophysiol 2019; 144:56-62. [PMID: 31381936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis of consciousness in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDOC) remains challenging since their responsiveness is often very impaired, while their assessment depends on observable behavior. The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to evaluate whether low- and medium-rate amplitude-modulated (AM) auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) can be sensitive to the state of PDOC patients and may thus serve as a diagnostic tool which does not explicitly depend on a patient's cooperation. EEG was recorded from nine unresponsive wakefulness syndrome/vegetative state (UWS/VS) and eight minimally conscious state (MCS)/emergence from MCS patients during stimulation with two-minute trains of simple tones, amplitude modulated (AM) by 4 Hz, 6 Hz, 8 Hz, 12 Hz, 20 Hz, 40 Hz. The obtained ASSRs were then related to the Coma Recovery Scale - Revised (CRS-R) diagnosis and its total score. We observed significant correlations between mean inter-trial phase coherence (PC) (averaged across all stimulation frequencies) and total CRS-R score, as well as between 40 Hz relative power (RP) and total CRS-R score. Moreover, both parameters significantly differed between the patient groups. Our preliminary results suggest that a passive auditory stimulation protocol consisting of low- and medium-rate ASSRs might be used as an objective estimate of the level of neural dysfunction in PDOC patients. Consequently, the integrity of the auditory system appears to be an important predictor of the actual state of consciousness in PDOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Górska
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Department of Neurophysiology, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marek Binder
- Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
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32
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Burghard A, Voigt MB, Kral A, Hubka P. Categorical processing of fast temporal sequences in the guinea pig auditory brainstem. Commun Biol 2019; 2:265. [PMID: 31341964 PMCID: PMC6642126 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0472-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Discrimination of temporal sequences is crucial for auditory object recognition, phoneme categorization and speech understanding. The present study shows that auditory brainstem responses (ABR) to pairs of noise bursts separated by a short gap can be classified into two distinct groups based on the ratio of gap duration to initial noise burst duration in guinea pigs. If this ratio was smaller than 0.5, the ABR to the trailing noise burst was strongly suppressed. On the other hand, if the initial noise burst duration was short compared to the gap duration (a ratio greater than 0.5), a release from suppression and/or enhancement of the trailing ABR was observed. Consequently, initial noise bursts of shorter duration caused a faster transition between response classes than initial noise bursts of longer duration. We propose that the described findings represent a neural correlate of subcortical categorical preprocessing of temporal sequences in the auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Burghard
- Institute of Audioneurotechnology & Department of Experimental Otology, ENT Clinics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625 Germany
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030 USA
| | - Mathias Benjamin Voigt
- Institute of Audioneurotechnology & Department of Experimental Otology, ENT Clinics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625 Germany
| | - Andrej Kral
- Institute of Audioneurotechnology & Department of Experimental Otology, ENT Clinics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625 Germany
| | - Peter Hubka
- Institute of Audioneurotechnology & Department of Experimental Otology, ENT Clinics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, D-30625 Germany
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Pal I, Paltati CRB, Kaur C, Shubhi Saini, Kumar P, Jacob TG, Bhardwaj DN, Roy TS. Morphological and neurochemical changes in GABAergic neurons of the aging human inferior colliculus. Hear Res 2019; 377:318-29. [PMID: 30878270 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that quality of hearing decreases with increasing age due to changes in the peripheral or central auditory pathway. Along with the decrease in the number of neurons the neurotransmitter profile is also affected in the various parts of the auditory system. Particularly, changes in the inhibitory neurons in the inferior colliculus (IC) are known to affect quality of hearing with aging. To date, there is no information about the status of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the human IC during aging. We have collected and processed inferior colliculi of persons aged 11-97 years at the time of death for morphometry and immunohistochemical expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67) and parvalbumin. We used unbiased stereology to estimate the number of cresyl-violet and immunostained neurons. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the relative expression of the GAD67 mRNA. We found that the number of total, GABAergic and PV-positive neurons significantly decreased with increasing age (p < 0.05). The proportion of GAD67-ir neurons to total number of neurons was also negatively associated with increasing age (p = 0.004), but there was no change observed in the proportion of PV-ir neurons relative to GABAergic neurons (p = 0.25). Further, the fold change in the levels of GAD67 mRNA was negatively correlated to age (p = 0.024). We conclude that the poorer quality of hearing with increasing age may be due to decreased expression of inhibitory neurotransmitters and the decline in the number of inhibitory neurons in the IC.
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Chillemi G, Calamuneri A, Quartarone A, Terranova C, Salatino A, Cacciola A, Milardi D, Ricci R. Endogenous orientation of visual attention in auditory space. J Adv Res 2019; 18:95-100. [PMID: 30828479 PMCID: PMC6383076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Facilitation was observed for right-sided auditory stimuli in a new visuo-audio task. Auditory space has dynamic nature, which adapts to changes in visual space. Sound localization was enhanced by visual cues. Crossmodal links in spatial attention were found between audition and vision. These findings have theoretical and translational implications for future studies.
Visuospatial attention is asymmetrically distributed with a leftward bias (i.e. pseudoneglect), while evidence for asymmetries in auditory spatial attention is still controversial. In the present study, we investigated putative asymmetries in the distribution of auditory spatial attention and the influence that visual information might have on its deployment. A modified version of the Posner task (i.e. the visuo-audio spatial task [VAST]) was used to investigate spatial processing of auditory targets when endogenous orientation of spatial attention was mediated by visual cues in healthy adults. A line bisection task (LBT) was also administered to assess the presence of a leftward bias in deployment of visuospatial attention. Overall, participants showed rightward and leftward biases in the VAST and the LBT, respectively. In the VAST, sound localization was enhanced by visual cues. Altogether, these findings support the existence of a facilitation effect for auditory targets originating from the right side of space and provide new evidence for crossmodal links in endogenous spatial attention between vision and audition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetana Chillemi
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Contrada Casazza, SS113, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Quartarone
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Contrada Casazza, SS113, 98124 Messina, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Carmen Terranova
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Adriana Salatino
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Torino 10123, Italy
| | - Alberto Cacciola
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Contrada Casazza, SS113, 98124 Messina, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Demetrio Milardi
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Contrada Casazza, SS113, 98124 Messina, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Raffaella Ricci
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Torino 10123, Italy
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Abstract
The inferior colliculus occupies a central position in ascending and descending auditory pathways. A substantial proportion of its neurons are GABAergic, and these neurons contribute to intracollicular circuits as well as to extrinsic projections to numerous targets. A variety of types of evidence - morphology, physiology, molecular markers - indicate that the GABAergic cells can be divided into at least four subtypes that serve different functions. However, there has yet to emerge a unified scheme for distinguishing these subtypes. The present review discusses these criteria and, where possible, relates the different properties. In contrast to GABAergic cells in cerebral cortex, where subtypes are much more thoroughly characterized, those in the inferior colliculus contribute substantially to numerous long range extrinsic projections. At present, the best characterized subtype is a GABAergic cell with a large soma, dense perisomatic synaptic inputs and a large axon that provides rapid auditory input to the thalamus. This large GABAergic subtype projects to additional targets, and other subtypes also project to the thalamus. The eventual characterization of these subtypes can be expected to reveal multiple functions of these inhibitory cells and the many circuits to which they contribute.
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36
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Kessler M, Mamach M, Beutelmann R, Bankstahl JP, Bengel FM, Klump GM, Berding G. Activation in the auditory pathway of the gerbil studied with 18F-FDG PET: effects of anesthesia. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:4293-4305. [PMID: 30203305 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1743-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present results from an 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) study in the Mongolian gerbil, a preferred animal model in auditory research. One major issue in preclinical nuclear imaging, as well as in most of the neurophysiological methods investigating auditory processing, is the need of anesthesia. We compared the usability of two types of anesthesia which are frequently employed in electrophysiology, ketamine/xylazine (KX), and fentanyl/midazolam/medetomidine (FMM), for valid measurements of auditory activation with 18F-FDG PET. Gerbils were placed in a sound-shielding box and injected with 18F-FDG. Two acoustic free-field conditions were used: (1) baseline (no stimulation, 25 dB background noise) and (2) 90 dB frequency-modulated tones (FM). After 40 min of 18F-FDG uptake, a 30 min acquisition was performed using a small animal PET/CT system. Blood glucose levels were measured after the uptake phase before scanning. Standardized uptake value ratios for relevant regions were determined after implementing image and volume of interest templates. Scans demonstrated a significantly higher uptake in the inferior colliculus with FM stimulation compared to baseline in awake subjects (+ 12%; p = 0.02) and with FMM anesthesia (+ 13%; p = 0.0012), but not with KX anesthesia. In non-auditory brain regions, no significant difference was detected. Blood glucose levels were significantly higher under KX compared to FMM anesthesia (17.29 ± 0.42 mmol/l vs. 14.30 ± 1.91 mmol/l; p = 0.024). These results suggest that valid 18F-FDG PET measurements of auditory activation comparable to electrophysiology can be obtained from gerbils during opioid-based anesthesia due to its limited effects on interfering blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kessler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - M Mamach
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Department of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - R Beutelmann
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Division for animal Physiology and Behaviour Group, Department for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - J P Bankstahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - F M Bengel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - G M Klump
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Division for animal Physiology and Behaviour Group, Department for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Str. 9-11, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Georg Berding
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
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Abstract
Compared with machine audition, the human auditory system can recognize speech accurately and quickly. This paper proposes a new developmental network (DN) that simulates the human auditory system and constructs an artificial auditory model for speech recognition. The new model simulates each key element of the human auditory pathway as a deep network; in particular, an additional layer in the network is considered to simulate the function of the superior colliculus in the thalamus for speech context integration. The mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) is used to extract the features of the speech signal as the sensory input of the DN. The emergent feature of DN model provides an explanation of how such internal neurons represent the short speech context when they are not supervised by the external world. The experimental results show that the recognition rates of English words and phrases can be improved significantly compared to those reported in the existing literature. The proposed DN model provides a new method to solve difficult problems, such as universal speech recognition, in traditional machine audition systems. Meanwhile, the same learning principle can potentially be used in or adapted to other computational contexts and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongshu Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| | - Hui Shan
- School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Jianbin Xin
- School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
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Chang M, Kawai HD. A characterization of laminar architecture in mouse primary auditory cortex. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:4187-4209. [PMID: 30187193 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1744-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Laminar architecture of primary auditory cortex (A1) has long been investigated by traditional histochemical techniques such as Nissl staining, retrograde and anterograde tracings. Uncertainty still remains, however, about laminar boundaries in mice. Here we investigated the cortical lamina structure by combining neuronal tracing and immunofluorochemistry for laminar specific markers. Most retrogradely labeled corticothalamic neurons expressed Forkhead box protein P2 (Foxp2) and distributed within the laminar band of Foxp2-expressing cells, identifying layer 6. Cut-like homeobox 1 (Cux1) expression in layer 2-4 neurons divided the upper layers into low expression layers 2/3 and high expression layers 3/4, which overlapped with the dense terminals of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (vGluT2) and anterogradely labeled lemniscal thalamocortical axons. In layer 5, between Cux1-expressing layers 2-4 and Foxp2-defined layer 6, retrogradely labeled corticocollicular projection neurons mostly expressed COUP-TF interacting protein 2 (Ctip2). Ctip2-expressing neurons formed a laminar band in the middle of layer 5 distant from layer 6, creating a laminar gap between the two laminas. This gap contained a high population of commissural neurons projecting to contralateral A1 compared to other layers and received vGluT2-immunopositive, presumptive thalamocortical axon collateral inputs. Our study shows that layer 5 is much wider than layer 6, and layer 5 can be divided into at least three sublayers. The thalamorecipient layers 3/4 may be separated from layers 2/3 using Cux1 and can be also divided into layer 4 and layer 3 based on the neuronal soma size. These data provide a new insight for the laminar structure of mouse A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzi Chang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan
| | - Hideki Derek Kawai
- Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan. .,Department of Science and Engineering for Sustainable Innovation, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan.
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Sakaba T. Optimal dissection of a model circuit. J Physiol 2018; 596:4807-4808. [PMID: 30144354 DOI: 10.1113/jp276895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Sakaba
- Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
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40
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Nagao K, Morlet T, Haley E, Padilla J, Nemith J, Mason RW, Tomatsu S. Neurophysiology of hearing in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type IV. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 123:472-478. [PMID: 29472067 PMCID: PMC5891367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hearing impairment is a common problem in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis IV (MPS IV) throughout their life. Many of the adult patients with MPS IV exhibit permanent or severe hearing loss. However, there has been no systematic review of detailed audiological test results in MPS IV. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen individuals with MPS IV (13 MPS IVA and 1 MPS IVB; aged between 12 and 38 years old) participated in the current study. We obtained auditory neurophysiological responses (auditory brainstem responses and otoacoustic emissions test) in addition to pure-tone audiometry and middle ear function tests (tympanometry and acoustic reflexes). RESULTS The results indicated various levels and types of hearing loss with abnormal neurophysiological responses even in those patients with MPS IVA with normal pure tone thresholds. We also found a strong relationship between height (short stature is an indicator of skeletal severity) and hearing sensitivity as well as a strong relationship between height and outer hair cell function in the inner ear (measured by otoacoustic emissions) among MPS IVA patients. CONCLUSION The strong correlation between reduced height and hearing loss indicates that patients with severe skeletal dysplasia may be at higher risk of developing more severe hearing loss. More importantly, the spectrum of hearing disorders indicates that MPS IV patients should have annual neurophysiological hearing tests in addition to audiometric testing from an early age regardless of their skeletal severity to more carefully monitor disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Nagao
- Department of Biomedical Research, Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, United States; Department of Linguistics and Cognitive Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States; College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States.
| | - Thierry Morlet
- Department of Biomedical Research, Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, United States; Department of Linguistics and Cognitive Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States; Georges Osborne College of Audiology, Salus University, Elkins Park, PA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Haley
- Department of Communication Science & Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Julianne Nemith
- College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Robert W Mason
- Department of Biomedical Research, Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, United States
| | - Shunji Tomatsu
- Department of Biomedical Research, Nemours Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Nozaradan S, Keller PE, Rossion B, Mouraux A. EEG Frequency-Tagging and Input-Output Comparison in Rhythm Perception. Brain Topogr 2017; 31:153-160. [PMID: 29127530 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-017-0605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The combination of frequency-tagging with electroencephalography (EEG) has recently proved fruitful for understanding the perception of beat and meter in musical rhythm, a common behavior shared by humans of all cultures. EEG frequency-tagging allows the objective measurement of input-output transforms to investigate beat perception, its modulation by exogenous and endogenous factors, development, and neural basis. Recent doubt has been raised about the validity of comparing frequency-domain representations of auditory rhythmic stimuli and corresponding EEG responses, assuming that it implies a one-to-one mapping between the envelope of the rhythmic input and the neural output, and that it neglects the sensitivity of frequency-domain representations to acoustic features making up the rhythms. Here we argue that these elements actually reinforce the strengths of the approach. The obvious fact that acoustic features influence the frequency spectrum of the sound envelope precisely justifies taking into consideration the sounds used to generate a beat percept for interpreting neural responses to auditory rhythms. Most importantly, the many-to-one relationship between rhythmic input and perceived beat actually validates an approach that objectively measures the input-output transforms underlying the perceptual categorization of rhythmic inputs. Hence, provided that a number of potential pitfalls and fallacies are avoided, EEG frequency-tagging to study input-output relationships appears valuable for understanding rhythm perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Nozaradan
- The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development (WSU), Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Institute of Neuroscience (Ions), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium. .,International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (Brams), Montreal, QC, Canada. .,MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
| | - Peter E Keller
- The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development (WSU), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruno Rossion
- Institute of Neuroscience (Ions), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium.,Neurology Unit, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) de Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - André Mouraux
- Institute of Neuroscience (Ions), Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
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Du X, West MB, Cai Q, Cheng W, Ewert DL, Li W, Floyd RA, Kopke RD. Antioxidants reduce neurodegeneration and accumulation of pathologic Tau proteins in the auditory system after blast exposure. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:627-643. [PMID: 28438658 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cochlear neurodegeneration commonly accompanies hair cell loss resulting from aging, ototoxicity, or exposures to intense noise or blast overpressures. However, the precise pathophysiological mechanisms that drive this degenerative response have not been fully elucidated. Our laboratory previously demonstrated that non-transgenic rats exposed to blast overpressures exhibited marked somatic accumulation of neurotoxic variants of the microtubule-associated protein, Tau, in the hippocampus. In the present study, we extended these analyses to examine neurodegeneration and pathologic Tau accumulation in the auditory system in response to blast exposure and evaluated the potential therapeutic efficacy of antioxidants on short-circuiting this pathological process. Blast injury induced ribbon synapse loss and retrograde neurodegeneration in the cochlea in untreated animals. An accompanying perikaryal accumulation of neurofilament light chain and pathologic Tau oligomers were observed in neurons from both the peripheral and central auditory system, spanning from the spiral ganglion to the auditory cortex. Due to its coincident accumulation pattern and well-documented neurotoxicity, our results suggest that the accumulation of pathologic Tau oligomers may actively contribute to blast-induced cochlear neurodegeneration. Therapeutic intervention with a combinatorial regimen of 2,4-disulfonyl α-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone (HPN-07) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) significantly reduced both pathologic Tau accumulation and indications of ongoing neurodegeneration in the cochlea and the auditory cortex. These results demonstrate that a combination of HPN-07 and NAC administrated shortly after a blast exposure can serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for preserving auditory function among military personnel or civilians with blast-induced traumatic brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei Li
- Hough Ear Institute, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Robert A Floyd
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Richard D Kopke
- Hough Ear Institute, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Departments of Physiology and Otolaryngology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73014, USA.
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Inokuchi JI, Go S, Yoshikawa M, Strauss K. Gangliosides and hearing. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:2485-93. [PMID: 28571946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Severe auditory impairment observed in GM3 synthase-deficient mice and humans indicates that glycosphingolipids, especially sialic-acid containing gangliosides, are indispensable for hearing. Gangliosides associate with glycoproteins to form membrane microdomains, the composition of which plays a special role in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of hair cells. These microdomains, also called lipid rafts, connect with intracellular signaling and cytoskeletal systems to link cellular responses to environmental cues. During development, ganglioside species are expressed in distinctive spatial and temporal patterns throughout the cochlea. In both mice and humans, blocking particular steps of ganglioside metabolism produces distinctive neurological and auditory phenotypes. Thus each ganglioside species may have specific, non-overlapping functions within the cochlea, central auditory network, and brain.
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Wong E, Yang B, Du L, Ho WH, Lau C, Ke Y, Chan YS, Yung WH, Wu EX. The multi-level impact of chronic intermittent hypoxia on central auditory processing. Neuroimage 2017; 156:232-239. [PMID: 28528846 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During hypoxia, the tissues do not obtain adequate oxygen. Chronic hypoxia can lead to many health problems. A relatively common cause of chronic hypoxia is sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is a sleep breathing disorder that affects 3-7% of the population. During sleep, the patient's breathing starts and stops. This can lead to hypertension, attention deficits, and hearing disorders. In this study, we apply an established chronic intermittent hypoxemia (CIH) model of sleep apnea to study its impact on auditory processing. Adult rats were reared for seven days during sleeping hours in a gas chamber with oxygen level cycled between 10% and 21% (normal atmosphere) every 90s. During awake hours, the subjects were housed in standard conditions with normal atmosphere. CIH treatment significantly reduces arterial oxygen partial pressure and oxygen saturation during sleeping hours (relative to controls). After treatment, subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with broadband sound stimulation. Responses are observed in major auditory centers in all subjects, including the auditory cortex (AC) and auditory midbrain. fMRI signals from the AC are statistically significantly increased after CIH by 0.13% in the contralateral hemisphere and 0.10% in the ipsilateral hemisphere. In contrast, signals from the lateral lemniscus of the midbrain are significantly reduced by 0.39%. Signals from the neighboring inferior colliculus of the midbrain are relatively unaffected. Chronic hypoxia affects multiple levels of the auditory system and these changes are likely related to hearing disorders associated with sleep apnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie Wong
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lida Du
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai Hong Ho
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Condon Lau
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ya Ke
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Shing Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Wing Ho Yung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ed X Wu
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
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Chen J, Tambalo M, Barembaum M, Ranganathan R, Simões-Costa M, Bronner ME, Streit A. A systems-level approach reveals new gene regulatory modules in the developing ear. Development 2017; 144:1531-1543. [PMID: 28264836 PMCID: PMC5399671 DOI: 10.1242/dev.148494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The inner ear is a complex vertebrate sense organ, yet it arises from a simple epithelium, the otic placode. Specification towards otic fate requires diverse signals and transcriptional inputs that act sequentially and/or in parallel. Using the chick embryo, we uncover novel genes in the gene regulatory network underlying otic commitment and reveal dynamic changes in gene expression. Functional analysis of selected transcription factors reveals the genetic hierarchy underlying the transition from progenitor to committed precursor, integrating known and novel molecular players. Our results not only characterize the otic transcriptome in unprecedented detail, but also identify new gene interactions responsible for inner ear development and for the segregation of the otic lineage from epibranchial progenitors. By recapitulating the embryonic programme, the genes and genetic sub-circuits discovered here might be useful for reprogramming naïve cells towards otic identity to restore hearing loss. Summary: Transcriptome analysis and knock down of select transcription factors reveals a genetic hierarchy as cells become committed to inner ear fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchen Chen
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Monica Tambalo
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Meyer Barembaum
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Ramya Ranganathan
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Marcos Simões-Costa
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Marianne E Bronner
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Andrea Streit
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
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Binder M, Górska U, Griskova-Bulanova I. 40Hz auditory steady-state responses in patients with disorders of consciousness: Correlation between phase-locking index and Coma Recovery Scale-Revised score. Clin Neurophysiol 2017; 128:799-806. [PMID: 28319881 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to elucidate whether 40Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) could be sensitive to the state of patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) as estimated with Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) diagnostic tool. METHODS Fifteen DOC patients and 24 healthy controls took part in the study. The 40Hz click trains were used to evoke ASSRs. Mean evoked amplitude (EA) and phase-locking index (PLI) within 38-42Hz window were calculated for 100ms bins, starting from -200 to 700ms relative to stimulus onset. RESULTS The PLI values from the patient group in the period of 200-500ms after the stimulus onset positively correlated with the CRS-R total score and with the scores of the Auditory and Visual subscales. CONCLUSIONS The phase-locking index of 40Hz auditory steady-state responses can be an indicator of the level of dysfunction of the central nervous system in DOC. SIGNIFICANCE Our results emphasize the role of central auditory system integrity in determining the level of functioning of DOC patients and suggest the possibility to use the ASSR protocol as an objective diagnostic method in DOC patients.
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Abstract
The ability to understand speech in the presence of competing sound sources is an important neuroscience question in terms of how the nervous system solves this computational problem. It is also a critical clinical problem that disproportionally affects the elderly, children with language-related learning disorders, and those with hearing loss. Recent evidence that musicians have an advantage on this multifaceted skill has led to the suggestion that musical training might be used to improve or delay the decline of speech-in-noise (SIN) function. However, enhancements have not been universally reported, nor have the relative contributions of different bottom-up versus top-down processes, and their relation to preexisting factors been disentangled. This information that would be helpful to establish whether there is a real effect of experience, what exactly is its nature, and how future training-based interventions might target the most relevant components of cognitive processes. These questions are complicated by important differences in study design and uneven coverage of neuroimaging modality. In this review, we aim to systematize recent results from studies that have specifically looked at musician-related differences in SIN by their study design properties, to summarize the findings, and to identify knowledge gaps for future work.
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Park S, Nevin ABC, Cardozo-Pelaez F, Lurie DI. Pb exposure prolongs the time period for postnatal transient uptake of 5-HT by murine LSO neurons. Neurotoxicology 2016; 57:258-269. [PMID: 27771255 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pb exposure is associated with cognitive deficits including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children and alters auditory temporal processing in humans and animals. Serotonin has been implicated in auditory temporal processing and previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that developmental Pb decreases expression of serotonin (5-HT) in the adult murine lateral superior olive (LSO). During development, certain non-serotonergic sensory neurons, including auditory LSO neurons, transiently take up 5-HT through the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT). The uptake of 5-HT is important for development of sensory systems. This study examines the effect of Pb on the serotonergic system in the LSO of the early postnatal mouse. Mice were exposed to moderate Pb (0.01mM) or high Pb (0.1mM) throughout gestation and postnatal day 4 (P4) and P8. We found that Pb exposure prolongs the normal developmental expression of 5-HT by LSO neurons and this is correlated with expression of SERT on LSO cell bodies. The prolonged expression of 5-HT by postnatal LSO neurons is correlated with decreased synaptic immunolabeling within the LSO. This Pb-associated decrease in synaptic density within the LSO could contribute to the auditory temporal processing deficits and cognitive deficits associated with developmental Pb exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunyoung Park
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States; Business Planning Department, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Korea Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Andrew B C Nevin
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Fernando Cardozo-Pelaez
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| | - Diana I Lurie
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States.
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Zeremdini J, Ben Messaoud MA, Bouzid A. A comparison of several computational auditory scene analysis (CASA) techniques for monaural speech segregation. Brain Inform 2015; 2:155-66. [PMID: 27747504 DOI: 10.1007/s40708-015-0016-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans have the ability to easily separate a composed speech and to form perceptual representations of the constituent sources in an acoustic mixture thanks to their ears. Until recently, researchers attempt to build computer models of high-level functions of the auditory system. The problem of the composed speech segregation is still a very challenging problem for these researchers. In our case, we are interested in approaches that are addressed to the monaural speech segregation. For this purpose, we study in this paper the computational auditory scene analysis (CASA) to segregate speech from monaural mixtures. CASA is the reproduction of the source organization achieved by listeners. It is based on two main stages: segmentation and grouping. In this work, we have presented, and compared several studies that have used CASA for speech separation and recognition.
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Abstract
This review evaluates the potential of optogenetic methods for the stimulation of the auditory nerve and assesses the feasability of optogenetic cochlear implants (CIs). It provides an overview of all critical steps like opsin targeting strategies, how opsins work, how their function can be modeled and included in neuronal models and the properties of light sources available for optical stimulation. From these foundations, quantitative estimates for the number of independent stimulation channels and the temporal precision of optogenetic stimulation of the auditory nerve are derived and compared with state-of-the-art electrical CIs. We conclude that optogenetic CIs have the potential to increase the number of independent stimulation channels by up to one order of magnitude to about 100, but only if light sources are able to deliver confined illumination patterns independently and parallelly. Already now, opsin variants like ChETA and Chronos enable driving of the auditory nerve up to rates of 200 spikes/s, close to the physiological value of their maximum sustained firing rate. Apart from requiring 10 times more energy than electrical stimulation, optical CIs still face major hurdles concerning the safety of gene transfection and optrode array implantation, for example, before becoming an option to replace electrical CIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin S Weiss
- a Bio-Inspired Information Processing, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Technical University of Munich , Garching , Germany
| | - Andrej Voss
- a Bio-Inspired Information Processing, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Technical University of Munich , Garching , Germany
| | - Werner Hemmert
- a Bio-Inspired Information Processing, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Technical University of Munich , Garching , Germany
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