1
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Drabkin M, Jean MM, Noy Y, Halperin D, Yogev Y, Wormser O, Proskorovski-Ohayon R, Dolgin V, Levaot N, Brumfeld V, Ovadia S, Kishner M, Kazenell U, Avraham KB, Shelef I, Birk OS. SMARCA4 mutation causes human otosclerosis and a similar phenotype in mice. J Med Genet 2024; 61:117-124. [PMID: 37399313 PMCID: PMC10756932 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Otosclerosis is a common cause of adult-onset progressive hearing loss, affecting 0.3%-0.4% of the population. It results from dysregulation of bone homeostasis in the otic capsule, most commonly leading to fixation of the stapes bone, impairing sound conduction through the middle ear. Otosclerosis has a well-known genetic predisposition including familial cases with apparent autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. While linkage analysis and genome-wide association studies suggested an association with several genomic loci and with genes encoding structural proteins involved in bone formation or metabolism, the molecular genetic pathophysiology of human otosclerosis is yet mostly unknown. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing, linkage analysis, generation of CRISPR mutant mice, hearing tests and micro-CT. RESULTS Through genetic studies of kindred with seven individuals affected by apparent autosomal dominant otosclerosis, we identified a disease-causing variant in SMARCA4, encoding a key component of the PBAF chromatin remodelling complex. We generated CRISPR-Cas9 transgenic mice carrying the human mutation in the mouse SMARCA4 orthologue. Mutant Smarca4+/E1548K mice exhibited marked hearing impairment demonstrated through acoustic startle response and auditory brainstem response tests. Isolated ossicles of the auditory bullae of mutant mice exhibited a highly irregular structure of the incus bone, and their in situ micro-CT studies demonstrated the anomalous structure of the incus bone, causing disruption in the ossicular chain. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that otosclerosis can be caused by a variant in SMARCA4, with a similar phenotype of hearing impairment and abnormal bone formation in the auditory bullae in transgenic mice carrying the human mutation in the mouse SMARCA4 orthologue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Drabkin
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Matan M Jean
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Yael Noy
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel Halperin
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Yuval Yogev
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ohad Wormser
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Regina Proskorovski-Ohayon
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Vadim Dolgin
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Noam Levaot
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Vlad Brumfeld
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shira Ovadia
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Mor Kishner
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Udi Kazenell
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilan Shelef
- Department of Radiology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ohad S Birk
- The Morris Kahn Laboratory of Human Genetics, Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Genetics Institute, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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2
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Canavati C, Sherill-Rofe D, Kamal L, Bloch I, Zahdeh F, Sharon E, Terespolsky B, Allan IA, Rabie G, Kawas M, Kassem H, Avraham KB, Renbaum P, Levy-Lahad E, Kanaan M, Tabach Y. Using multi-scale genomics to associate poorly annotated genes with rare diseases. Genome Med 2024; 16:4. [PMID: 38178268 PMCID: PMC10765705 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01276-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has significantly transformed the landscape of identifying disease-causing genes associated with genetic disorders. However, a substantial portion of sequenced patients remains undiagnosed. This may be attributed not only to the challenges posed by harder-to-detect variants, such as non-coding and structural variations but also to the existence of variants in genes not previously associated with the patient's clinical phenotype. This study introduces EvORanker, an algorithm that integrates unbiased data from 1,028 eukaryotic genomes to link mutated genes to clinical phenotypes. METHODS EvORanker utilizes clinical data, multi-scale phylogenetic profiling, and other omics data to prioritize disease-associated genes. It was evaluated on solved exomes and simulated genomes, compared with existing methods, and applied to 6260 knockout genes with mouse phenotypes lacking human associations. Additionally, EvORanker was made accessible as a user-friendly web tool. RESULTS In the analyzed exomic cohort, EvORanker accurately identified the "true" disease gene as the top candidate in 69% of cases and within the top 5 candidates in 95% of cases, consistent with results from the simulated dataset. Notably, EvORanker outperformed existing methods, particularly for poorly annotated genes. In the case of the 6260 knockout genes with mouse phenotypes, EvORanker linked 41% of these genes to observed human disease phenotypes. Furthermore, in two unsolved cases, EvORanker successfully identified DLGAP2 and LPCAT3 as disease candidates for previously uncharacterized genetic syndromes. CONCLUSIONS We highlight clade-based phylogenetic profiling as a powerful systematic approach for prioritizing potential disease genes. Our study showcases the efficacy of EvORanker in associating poorly annotated genes to disease phenotypes observed in patients. The EvORanker server is freely available at https://ccanavati.shinyapps.io/EvORanker/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Canavati
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research - Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9112102, Israel
- Molecular Genetics Lab, Istishari Arab Hospital, Ramallah, Palestine
| | - Dana Sherill-Rofe
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research - Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9112102, Israel
| | - Lara Kamal
- Molecular Genetics Lab, Istishari Arab Hospital, Ramallah, Palestine
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Idit Bloch
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research - Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9112102, Israel
| | - Fouad Zahdeh
- Medical Genetics Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91031, Israel
| | - Elad Sharon
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research - Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9112102, Israel
| | - Batel Terespolsky
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research - Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9112102, Israel
- Medical Genetics Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91031, Israel
| | - Islam Abu Allan
- Molecular Genetics Lab, Istishari Arab Hospital, Ramallah, Palestine
| | - Grace Rabie
- Hereditary Research Laboratory and Department of Life Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, 72372, Palestine
| | - Mariana Kawas
- Hereditary Research Laboratory and Department of Life Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, 72372, Palestine
| | - Hanin Kassem
- Molecular Genetics Lab, Istishari Arab Hospital, Ramallah, Palestine
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Paul Renbaum
- Medical Genetics Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91031, Israel
| | - Ephrat Levy-Lahad
- Medical Genetics Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91031, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9112102, Israel
| | - Moien Kanaan
- Molecular Genetics Lab, Istishari Arab Hospital, Ramallah, Palestine
- Hereditary Research Laboratory and Department of Life Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, 72372, Palestine
| | - Yuval Tabach
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research - Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9112102, Israel.
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3
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Hahn R, Avraham KB. Gene Therapy for Inherited Hearing Loss: Updates and Remaining Challenges. Audiol Res 2023; 13:952-966. [PMID: 38131808 PMCID: PMC10740825 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13060083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss stands as the most prevalent sensory deficit among humans, posing a significant global health challenge. Projections indicate that by 2050, approximately 10% of the world's population will grapple with disabling hearing impairment. While approximately half of congenital hearing loss cases have a genetic etiology, traditional interventions such as hearing aids and cochlear implants do not completely restore normal hearing. The absence of biological treatment has prompted significant efforts in recent years, with a strong focus on gene therapy to address hereditary hearing loss. Although several studies have exhibited promising recovery from common forms of genetic deafness in mouse models, existing challenges must be overcome to make gene therapy applicable in the near future. Herein, we summarize the primary gene therapy strategies employed over past years, provide an overview of the recent achievements in preclinical studies for genetic hearing loss, and outline the current key obstacles to cochlear gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen B. Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
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4
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Frohne A, Koenighofer M, Cetin H, Nieratschker M, Liu DT, Laccone F, Neesen J, Nemec SF, Schwarz-Nemec U, Schoefer C, Avraham KB, Frei K, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer K, Kratzer B, Schmetterer K, Pickl WF, Parzefall T. A homozygous AP3D1 missense variant in patients with sensorineural hearing loss as the leading manifestation. Hum Genet 2023; 142:1077-1089. [PMID: 36445457 PMCID: PMC10449960 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-022-02506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Loss-of-function variants in AP3D1 have been linked to Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) 10, a severe multisystem disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, immunodeficiency, neurodevelopmental delay, hearing loss (HL), and neurological abnormalities, fatal in early childhood. Here, we report a consanguineous family who presented with presumably isolated autosomal recessive (AR) HL. Whole-exome sequencing was performed on all core family members, and selected patients were screened using array-based copy-number analysis and karyotyping. Candidate variants were validated by Sanger sequencing and assessed in silico. A homozygous, likely pathogenic p.V711I missense variant in AP3D1 segregated with the HL. The family was characterized by thorough medical and laboratory examination. The HL was consistent across patients and accompanied by neurological manifestations in two brothers. The sole female patient was diagnosed with premature ovarian failure. Further findings, including mild neutropenia and reduced NK-cell cytotoxicity in some as well as brain alterations in all homozygous patients, were reminiscent of HPS10, though milder and lacking the characteristic albinism. Previously unrecognized, milder, isolated HL was identified in all heterozygous carriers. A protein model indicates that the variant interferes with protein-protein interactions. These results suggest that a missense variant alters inner-ear-specific functions leading to HL with mild HPS10-like symptoms of variable penetrance. Milder HL in heterozygous carriers may point towards semi-dominant inheritance of this trait. Since all previously reported HPS10 cases were pediatric, it is unknown whether the observed primary ovarian insufficiency recapitulates the subfertility in Ap3d1-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Frohne
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Center of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department for Cell and Developmental Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Koenighofer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hakan Cetin
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Nieratschker
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - David T Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franco Laccone
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Juergen Neesen
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan F Nemec
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Schwarz-Nemec
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Schoefer
- Center of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department for Cell and Developmental Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Klemens Frei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Bernhard Kratzer
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Schmetterer
- Center of Translational Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Winfried F Pickl
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Parzefall
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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5
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Aburayyan A, Carlson RJ, Rabie GN, Lee MK, Gulsuner S, Walsh T, Avraham KB, Kanaan MN, King MC. A paradoxical genotype-phenotype relationship: Low level of GOSR2 translation from a non-AUG start codon in a family with profound hearing loss. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2265-2268. [PMID: 37074134 PMCID: PMC10321379 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amal Aburayyan
- Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Hereditary Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Ryan J Carlson
- Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Grace N Rabie
- Hereditary Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Ming K Lee
- Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Suleyman Gulsuner
- Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tom Walsh
- Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Moien N Kanaan
- Hereditary Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Mary-Claire King
- Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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6
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Wagner EL, Im JS, Sala S, Nakahata MI, Imbery TE, Li S, Chen D, Nimchuk K, Noy Y, Archer DW, Xu W, Hashisaki G, Avraham KB, Oakes PW, Shin JB. Repair of noise-induced damage to stereocilia F-actin cores is facilitated by XIRP2 and its novel mechanosensor domain. eLife 2023; 12:e72681. [PMID: 37294664 PMCID: PMC10259482 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to loud noise has been shown to affect inner ear sensory hair cells in a variety of deleterious manners, including damaging the stereocilia core. The damaged sites can be visualized as 'gaps' in phalloidin staining of F-actin, and the enrichment of monomeric actin at these sites, along with an actin nucleator and crosslinker, suggests that localized remodeling occurs to repair the broken filaments. Herein, we show that gaps in mouse auditory hair cells are largely repaired within 1 week of traumatic noise exposure through the incorporation of newly synthesized actin. We provide evidence that Xin actin binding repeat containing 2 (XIRP2) is required for the repair process and facilitates the enrichment of monomeric γ-actin at gaps. Recruitment of XIRP2 to stereocilia gaps and stress fiber strain sites in fibroblasts is force-dependent, mediated by a novel mechanosensor domain located in the C-terminus of XIRP2. Our study describes a novel process by which hair cells can recover from sublethal hair bundle damage and which may contribute to recovery from temporary hearing threshold shifts and the prevention of age-related hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Wagner
- Department of Neuroscience, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - Jun-Sub Im
- Department of Neuroscience, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - Stefano Sala
- Department of Cell & Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Maura I Nakahata
- Department of Neuroscience, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - Terence E Imbery
- Department of Neuroscience, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - Sihan Li
- Department of Neuroscience, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - Daniel Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - Katherine Nimchuk
- Department of Neuroscience, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - Yael Noy
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - David W Archer
- Department of Neuroscience, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - Wenhao Xu
- Genetically Engineered Murine Model (GEMM) Core, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - George Hashisaki
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Patrick W Oakes
- Department of Cell & Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Jung-Bum Shin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
- Department of Cell Biology, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleUnited States
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7
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Tarnovsky YC, Taiber S, Nissan Y, Boonman A, Assaf Y, Wilkinson GS, Avraham KB, Yovel Y. Bats experience age-related hearing loss (presbycusis). Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201847. [PMID: 36997281 PMCID: PMC10067528 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is a hallmark of aging, typically initially affecting the higher frequencies. In echolocating bats, the ability to discern high frequencies is essential. However, nothing is known about age-related hearing loss in bats, and they are often assumed to be immune to it. We tested the hearing of 47 wild Egyptian fruit bats by recording their auditory brainstem response and cochlear microphonics, and we also assessed the cochlear histology in four of these bats. We used the bats' DNA methylation profile to evaluate their age and found that bats exhibit age-related hearing loss, with more prominent deterioration at the higher frequencies. The rate of the deterioration was ∼1 dB per year, comparable to the hearing loss observed in humans. Assessing the noise in the fruit bat roost revealed that these bats are exposed to continuous immense noise-mostly of social vocalizations-supporting the assumption that bats might be partially resistant to loud noise. Thus, in contrast to previous assumptions, our results suggest that bats constitute a model animal for the study of age-related hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifat Chaya Tarnovsky
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry, and Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Taiber
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry, and Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yomiran Nissan
- School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Arjan Boonman
- School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yaniv Assaf
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry, and Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Karen B Avraham
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yossi Yovel
- School of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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8
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Koffler-Brill T, Noy Y, Avraham KB. The long and short: Non-coding RNAs in the mammalian inner ear. Hear Res 2023; 428:108666. [PMID: 36566643 PMCID: PMC9883734 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a critical role in the entire body, and their mis-regulation is often associated with disease. In parallel with the advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies, there is a great deal of focus on this broad class of RNAs. Although these molecules are not translated into proteins, they are now well established as significant regulatory components in many biological pathways and pathological conditions. ncRNAs can be roughly divided into two main sub-groups based on the length of the transcript, with both the small and long non-coding RNAs having diverse regulatory functions. The smaller length group includes ribosomal RNAs (rRNA), transfer RNAs (tRNA), small nuclear RNAs (snRNA), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNA), microRNAs (miRNA), small interfering RNAs (siRNA), and PIWI-associated RNAs (piRNA). The longer length group includes linear long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and circular RNAs (circRNA). This review is designed to present the different classes of small and long ncRNA molecules and describe some of their known roles in physiological and pathological conditions, as well as methods used to assess the validity and function of miRNAs and lncRNAs, with a focus on their role and functions in the inner ear, hearing and deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Koffler-Brill
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Yael Noy
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
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9
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Bordeynik-Cohen M, Sperber M, Ebbers L, Messika-Gold N, Krohs C, Koffler-Brill T, Noy Y, Elkon R, Nothwang HG, Avraham KB. Shared and organ-specific gene-expression programs during the development of the cochlea and the superior olivary complex. RNA Biol 2023; 20:629-640. [PMID: 37602850 PMCID: PMC10443965 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2023.2247628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The peripheral and central auditory subsystems together form a complex sensory network that allows an organism to hear. The genetic programs of the two subsystems must therefore be tightly coordinated during development. Yet, their interactions and common expression pathways have never been systematically explored. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and are essential for normal development of the auditory system. We performed mRNA and small-RNA sequencing of organs from both auditory subsystems at three critical developmental timepoints (E16, P0, P16) to obtain a comprehensive and unbiased insight of their expression profiles. Our analysis reveals common and organ-specific expression patterns for differentially regulated mRNAs and miRNAs, which could be clustered with a particular selection of functions such as inner ear development, Wnt signalling, K+ transport, and axon guidance, based on gene ontology. Bioinformatics detected enrichment of predicted targets of specific miRNAs in the clusters and predicted regulatory interactions by monitoring opposite trends of expression of miRNAs and their targets. This approach identified six miRNAs as strong regulatory candidates for both subsystems. Among them was miR-96, an established critical factor for proper development in both subsystems, demonstrating the strength of our approach. We suggest that other miRNAs identified by this analysis are also common effectors of proper hearing acquirement. This first combined comprehensive analysis of the developmental program of the peripheral and central auditory systems provides important data and bioinformatics insights into the shared genetic program of the two sensory subsystems and their regulation by miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mor Bordeynik-Cohen
- Laboratory of Neural and Sensory Genomics, Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Sperber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lena Ebbers
- Neurogenetics group and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences and Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Naama Messika-Gold
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Constanze Krohs
- Neurogenetics group and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences and Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Tal Koffler-Brill
- Laboratory of Neural and Sensory Genomics, Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Noy
- Laboratory of Neural and Sensory Genomics, Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ran Elkon
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hans Gerd Nothwang
- Neurogenetics group and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences and Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Karen B. Avraham
- Laboratory of Neural and Sensory Genomics, Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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10
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Taiber S, Gozlan O, Cohen R, Andrade LR, Gregory EF, Starr DA, Moran Y, Hipp R, Kelley MW, Manor U, Sprinzak D, Avraham KB. A Nesprin-4/kinesin-1 cargo model for nuclear positioning in cochlear outer hair cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:974168. [PMID: 36211453 PMCID: PMC9537699 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.974168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear positioning is important for the functionality of many cell types and is mediated by interactions of cytoskeletal elements and nucleoskeleton proteins. Nesprin proteins, part of the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex, have been shown to participate in nuclear positioning in multiple cell types. Outer hair cells (OHCs) in the inner ear are specialized sensory epithelial cells that utilize somatic electromotility to amplify auditory signals in the cochlea. Recently, Nesprin-4 (encoded by Syne4) was shown to play a crucial role in nuclear positioning in OHCs. Syne4 deficiency in humans and mice leads to mislocalization of the OHC nuclei and cell death resulting in deafness. However, it is unknown how Nesprin-4 mediates the position of the nucleus, and which other molecular components are involved in this process. Here, we show that the interaction of Nesprin-4 and the microtubule motor kinesin-1 is mediated by a conserved 4 amino-acid motif. Using in vivo AAV gene delivery, we show that this interaction is critical for nuclear positioning and hearing in mice. Nuclear mislocalization and cell death of OHCs coincide with the onset of hearing and electromotility and are solely restricted to outer, but not inner, hair cells. Likewise, the C. elegans functional homolog of Nesprin-4, UNC-83, uses a similar motif to mediate interactions between migrating nuclei and kinesin-1. Overall, our results suggest that OHCs require unique cellular machinery for proper nuclear positioning at the onset of electromotility. This machinery relies on the interaction between Nesprin-4 and kinesin-1 motors supporting a microtubule cargo model for nuclear positioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Taiber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Oren Gozlan
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Roie Cohen
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Leonardo R. Andrade
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Ellen F. Gregory
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Daniel A. Starr
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yehu Moran
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rebecca Hipp
- Laboratory of Cochlear Development, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Matthew W. Kelley
- Laboratory of Cochlear Development, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Uri Manor
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - David Sprinzak
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,*Correspondence: David Sprinzak, ; Karen B. Avraham,
| | - Karen B. Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,*Correspondence: David Sprinzak, ; Karen B. Avraham,
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11
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Matulevičius A, Bernardinelli E, Brownstein Z, Roesch S, Avraham KB, Dossena S. Molecular Features of SLC26A4 Common Variant p.L117F. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195549. [PMID: 36233414 PMCID: PMC9570580 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The SLC26A4 gene, which encodes the anion exchanger pendrin, is involved in determining syndromic (Pendred syndrome) and non-syndromic (DFNB4) autosomal recessive hearing loss. SLC26A4 c.349C>T, p.L117F is a relatively common allele in the Ashkenazi Jewish community, where its minor allele frequency is increased compared to other populations. Although segregation and allelic data support the pathogenicity of this variant, former functional tests showed characteristics that were indistinguishable from those of the wild-type protein. Here, we applied a triad of cell-based assays, i.e., measurement of the ion transport activity by a fluorometric method, determination of the subcellular localization by confocal microscopy, and assessment of protein expression levels, to conclusively assign or exclude the pathogenicity of SLC26A4 p.L117F. This protein variant showed a moderate, but significant, reduction in ion transport function, a partial retention in the endoplasmic reticulum, and a strong reduction in expression levels as a consequence of an accelerated degradation by the Ubiquitin Proteasome System, all supporting pathogenicity. The functional and molecular features of human pendrin p.L117F were recapitulated by the mouse ortholog, thus indicating that a mouse carrying this variant might represent a good model of Pendred syndrome/DFNB4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnoldas Matulevičius
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Emanuele Bernardinelli
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Zippora Brownstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Sebastian Roesch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Karen B. Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Correspondence: (K.B.A.); (S.D.); Tel.: +972-3-6407030 (K.B.A.); +43-662-2420-80560 (S.D.)
| | - Silvia Dossena
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Correspondence: (K.B.A.); (S.D.); Tel.: +972-3-6407030 (K.B.A.); +43-662-2420-80560 (S.D.)
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12
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Abstract
Current estimates suggest that nearly half a billion people worldwide are affected by hearing loss. Because of the major psychological, social, economic, and health ramifications, considerable efforts have been invested in identifying the genes and molecular pathways involved in hearing loss, whether genetic or environmental, to promote prevention, improve rehabilitation, and develop therapeutics. Genomic sequencing technologies have led to the discovery of genes associated with hearing loss. Studies of the transcriptome and epigenome of the inner ear have characterized key regulators and pathways involved in the development of the inner ear and have paved the way for their use in regenerative medicine. In parallel, the immense preclinical success of using viral vectors for gene delivery in animal models of hearing loss has motivated the industry to work on translating such approaches into the clinic. Here, we review the recent advances in the genomics of auditory function and dysfunction, from patient diagnostics to epigenetics and gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Taiber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; ,
| | - Kathleen Gwilliam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; ,
| | - Ronna Hertzano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; ,
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; ,
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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13
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Abstract
The age of sequencing has provided unprecedented insights into the human genome. The coding region of the genome comprises nearly 20,000 genes, of which approximately 4000 are associated with human disease. Beyond the protein-coding genome, which accounts for only 3% of the genome, lies a vast pool of regulatory elements in the form of promoters, enhancers, RNA species, and other intricate elements. These features undoubtably influence human health and disease, and as a result, a great deal of effort is currently being invested in deciphering their identity and mechanism. While a paucity of material has caused a lag in identifying these elements in the inner ear, the emergence of technologies for dealing with a minimal number of cells now has the field working overtime to catch up. Studies on microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), methylation, histone modifications, and more are ongoing. A number of microRNAs and other noncoding elements are known to be associated with hearing impairment and there is promise that regulatory elements will serve as future tools and targets of therapeutics and diagnostics. This review covers the current state of the field and considers future directions for the noncoding genome and implications for hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Lama Khalaily
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Noy
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lara Kamal
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Koffler-Brill
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Taiber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
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14
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Pater JA, Penney C, O'Rielly DD, Griffin A, Kamal L, Brownstein Z, Vona B, Vinkler C, Shohat M, Barel O, French CR, Singh S, Werdyani S, Burt T, Abdelfatah N, Houston J, Doucette LP, Squires J, Glaser F, Roslin NM, Vincent D, Marquis P, Woodland G, Benoukraf T, Hawkey-Noble A, Avraham KB, Stanton SG, Young TL. Autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss maps to DFNA33 (13q34) and co-segregates with splice and frameshift variants in ATP11A, a phospholipid flippase gene. Hum Genet 2022; 141:431-444. [PMID: 35278131 PMCID: PMC9035003 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-022-02444-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sequencing exomes/genomes have been successful for identifying recessive genes; however, discovery of dominant genes including deafness genes (DFNA) remains challenging. We report a new DFNA gene, ATP11A, in a Newfoundland family with a variable form of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Genome-wide SNP genotyping linked SNHL to DFNA33 (LOD = 4.77), a locus on 13q34 previously mapped in a German family with variable SNHL. Whole-genome sequencing identified 51 unremarkable positional variants on 13q34. Continuous clinical ascertainment identified several key recombination events and reduced the disease interval to 769 kb, excluding all but one variant. ATP11A (NC_000013.11: chr13:113534963G>A) is a novel variant predicted to be a cryptic donor splice site. RNA studies verified in silico predictions, revealing the retention of 153 bp of intron in the 3' UTR of several ATP11A isoforms. Two unresolved families from Israel were subsequently identified with a similar, variable form of SNHL and a novel duplication (NM_032189.3:c.3322_3327+2dupGTCCAGGT) in exon 28 of ATP11A extended exon 28 by 8 bp, leading to a frameshift and premature stop codon (p.Asn1110Valfs43Ter). ATP11A is a type of P4-ATPase that transports (flip) phospholipids from the outer to inner leaflet of cell membranes to maintain asymmetry. Haploinsufficiency of ATP11A, the phospholipid flippase that specially transports phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), could leave cells with PS/PE at the extracellular side vulnerable to phagocytic degradation. Given that surface PS can be pharmaceutically targeted, hearing loss due to ATP11A could potentially be treated. It is also likely that ATP11A is the gene underlying DFNA33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Pater
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cindy Penney
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
- Centre for Translational Genomics, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Dr., St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Darren D O'Rielly
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
- Centre for Translational Genomics, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Dr., St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Anne Griffin
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Lara Kamal
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zippora Brownstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Barbara Vona
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Chana Vinkler
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Wolfson Medical Center, 58100, Holon, Israel
| | - Mordechai Shohat
- Bioinformatic Center, Cancer Research Institute, The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ortal Barel
- Bioinformatic Center, Cancer Research Institute, The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Curtis R French
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Sushma Singh
- Communication Sciences and Disorders, Elborn College, Western University, 1201 Western Road, London, ON, Canada
| | - Salem Werdyani
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Taylor Burt
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Nelly Abdelfatah
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Jim Houston
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Lance P Doucette
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Jessica Squires
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Fabian Glaser
- The Lorry I. Lokey Center for Life Sciences and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nicole M Roslin
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Vincent
- Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pascale Marquis
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Center, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Woodland
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Touati Benoukraf
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Alexia Hawkey-Noble
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Susan G Stanton
- Communication Sciences and Disorders, Elborn College, Western University, 1201 Western Road, London, ON, Canada
| | - Terry-Lynn Young
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Drive, St. John's, NL, Canada.
- Centre for Translational Genomics, Memorial University, 300 Prince Phillip Dr., St. John's, NL, Canada.
- Communication Sciences and Disorders, Elborn College, Western University, 1201 Western Road, London, ON, Canada.
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15
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Patel MJ, DiStefano MT, Oza AM, Hughes MY, Wilcox EH, Hemphill SE, Cushman BJ, Grant AR, Siegert RK, Shen J, Chapin A, Boczek NJ, Schimmenti LA, Nara K, Kenna M, Azaiez H, Booth KT, Avraham KB, Kremer H, Griffith AJ, Rehm HL, Amr SS, Tayoun ANA. Disease-specific ACMG/AMP guidelines improve sequence variant interpretation for hearing loss. Genet Med 2021; 23:2208-2212. [PMID: 34230634 PMCID: PMC8556313 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01254-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The ClinGen Variant Curation Expert Panels (VCEPs) provide disease-specific rules for accurate variant interpretation. Using the hearing loss-specific American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines, the Hearing Loss VCEP (HL VCEP) illustrates the utility of expert specifications in variant interpretation. METHODS A total of 157 variants across nine HL genes, previously submitted to ClinVar, were curated by the HL VCEP. The curation process involved collecting published and unpublished data for each variant by biocurators, followed by bimonthly meetings of an expert curation subgroup that reviewed all evidence and applied the HL-specific ACMG/AMP guidelines to reach a final classification. RESULTS Before expert curation, 75% (117/157) of variants had single or multiple variants of uncertain significance (VUS) submissions (17/157) or had conflicting interpretations in ClinVar (100/157). After applying the HL-specific ACMG/AMP guidelines, 24% (4/17) of VUS and 69% (69/100) of discordant variants were resolved into benign (B), likely benign (LB), likely pathogenic (LP), or pathogenic (P). Overall, 70% (109/157) variants had unambiguous classifications (B, LB, LP, P). We quantify the contribution of the HL-specified ACMG/AMP codes to variant classification. CONCLUSION Expert specification and application of the HL-specific ACMG/AMP guidelines effectively resolved discordant interpretations in ClinVar. This study highlights the utility of ClinGen VCEPs in supporting more consistent clinical variant interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayher J Patel
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marina T DiStefano
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA,Precision Health Program, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Andrea M Oza
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA,Dept. of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Emma H Wilcox
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sarah E Hemphill
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brandon J Cushman
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew R Grant
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Jun Shen
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Nicole J Boczek
- Dept of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lisa A Schimmenti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Clinical Genomics and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kiyomitsu Nara
- Division of Hearing and Balance Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Margaret Kenna
- Dept. of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hela Azaiez
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kevin T Booth
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hannie Kremer
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Andrew J. Griffith
- Department of Otolaryngology Head-Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Heidi L Rehm
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA,Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sami S Amr
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ahmad N Abou Tayoun
- Al Genomics Center, Al Jalila Children’s Specialty Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates,Center for Genomic Discovery, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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16
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Carlson RJ, Quesnel A, Wells D, Brownstein Z, Gilony D, Gulsuner S, Leppig KA, Avraham KB, King MC, Walsh T, Rubinstein J. Genetic Heterogeneity and Core Clinical Features of NOG-Related-Symphalangism Spectrum Disorder. Otol Neurotol 2021; 42:e1143-e1151. [PMID: 34049328 PMCID: PMC8486042 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To better distinguish NOG-related-symphalangism spectrum disorder (NOG-SSD) from chromosomal 17q22 microdeletion syndromes and to inform surgical considerations in stapes surgery for patients with NOG-SSD. BACKGROUND Mutations in NOG cause a variety of skeletal syndromes that often include conductive hearing loss. Several microdeletions of chromosome 17q22 lead to severe syndromes with clinical characteristics that overlap NOG-SSD. Isolated deletion of NOG has not been described, and therefore the contribution of NOG deletion in these syndromes is unknown. METHODS Two families with autosomal dominant NOG-SSD exhibited stapes ankylosis, facial dysmorphisms, and skeletal and joint anomalies. In each family, NOG was evaluated by genomic sequencing and candidate mutations confirmed as damaging by in vitro assays. Temporal bone histology of a patient with NOG-SSD was compared with temporal bones of 40 patients diagnosed with otosclerosis. RESULTS Family 1 harbors a 555 kb chromosomal deletion encompassing only NOG and ANKFN1. Family 2 harbors a missense mutation in NOG leading to absence of noggin protein. The incus-footplate distance of the temporal bone was significantly longer in a patient with NOG-SSD than in patients with otosclerosis. CONCLUSION The chromosomal microdeletion of family 1 led to a phenotype comparable to that due to a NOG point mutation and much milder than the phenotypes due to other chromosome 17q22 microdeletions. Severe clinical findings in other microdeletion cases are likely due to deletion of genes other than NOG. Based on temporal bone findings, we recommend that surgeons obtain longer stapes prostheses before stapes surgery in individuals with NOG-SSD stapes ankylosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Carlson
- Departments of Genome Sciences and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Alicia Quesnel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Otopathology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dawson Wells
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Otopathology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zippora Brownstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dror Gilony
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Otolaryngology Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Suleyman Gulsuner
- Departments of Genome Sciences and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kathleen A Leppig
- Genetic Services, Kaiser Permanente of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mary-Claire King
- Departments of Genome Sciences and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Tom Walsh
- Departments of Genome Sciences and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jay Rubinstein
- Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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17
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Vanniya S P, Chandru J, Jeffrey JM, Rabinowitz T, Brownstein Z, Krishnamoorthy M, Avraham KB, Cheng L, Shomron N, Srisailapathy CRS. PNPT1, MYO15A, PTPRQ, and SLC12A2-associated genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity among hearing impaired assortative mating families in Southern India. Ann Hum Genet 2021; 86:1-13. [PMID: 34374074 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted between 2018 and 2020. From a cohort of 113 hearing impaired (HI), five non-DFNB12 probands identified with heterozygous CDH23 variants were subjected to exome analysis. This resolved the etiology of hearing loss (HL) in four South Indian assortative mating families. Six variants, including three novel ones, were identified in four genes: PNPT1 p.(Ala46Gly) and p.(Asn540Ser), MYO15A p.(Leu1485Pro) and p.(Tyr1891Ter), PTPRQ p.(Gln1336Ter), and SLC12A2 p.(Pro988Ser). Compound heterozygous PNPT1 variants were associated with DFNB70 causing prelingual profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), vestibular dysfunction, and unilateral progressive vision loss in one family. In the second family, MYO15A variants in the myosin motor domain, including a novel variant, causing DFNB3, were found to be associated with prelingual profound SNHL. A novel PTPRQ variant was associated with postlingual progressive sensorineural/mixed HL and vestibular dysfunction in the third family with DFNB84A. In the fourth family, the SLC12A2 novel variant was found to segregate with severe-to-profound HL causing DFNA78, across three generations. Our results suggest a high level of allelic, genotypic, and phenotypic heterogeneity of HL in these families. This study is the first to report the association of PNPT1, PTPRQ, and SLC12A2 variants with HL in the Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paridhy Vanniya S
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Jayasankaran Chandru
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India.,LifeBytes India Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru, India
| | - Justin Margret Jeffrey
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Tom Rabinowitz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zippora Brownstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mathuravalli Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Le Cheng
- BGI Genomics, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Noam Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - C R Srikumari Srisailapathy
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
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18
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Hirsch Y, Tangshewinsirikul C, Booth KT, Azaiez H, Yefet D, Quint A, Weiden T, Brownstein Z, Macarov M, Davidov B, Pappas J, Rabin R, Kenna MA, Oza AM, Lafferty K, Amr SS, Rehm HL, Kolbe DL, Frees K, Nishimura C, Luo M, Farra C, Morton CC, Scher SY, Ekstein J, Avraham KB, Smith RJH, Shen J. A synonymous variant in MYO15A enriched in the Ashkenazi Jewish population causes autosomal recessive hearing loss due to abnormal splicing. Eur J Hum Genet 2021; 29:988-997. [PMID: 33398081 PMCID: PMC8187401 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-020-00790-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsyndromic hearing loss is genetically heterogeneous. Despite comprehensive genetic testing, many cases remain unsolved because the clinical significance of identified variants is uncertain or because biallelic pathogenic variants are not identified for presumed autosomal recessive cases. Common synonymous variants are often disregarded. Determining the pathogenicity of synonymous variants may improve genetic diagnosis. We report a synonymous variant c.9861 C > T/p.(Gly3287=) in MYO15A in homozygosity or compound heterozygosity with another pathogenic or likely pathogenic MYO15A variant in 10 unrelated families with nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Biallelic variants in MYO15A were identified in 21 affected and were absent in 22 unaffected siblings. A mini-gene assay confirms that the synonymous variant leads to abnormal splicing. The variant is enriched in the Ashkenazi Jewish population. Individuals carrying biallelic variants involving c.9861 C > T often exhibit progressive post-lingual hearing loss distinct from the congenital profound deafness typically associated with biallelic loss-of-function MYO15A variants. This study establishes the pathogenicity of the c.9861 C > T variant in MYO15A and expands the phenotypic spectrum of MYO15A-related hearing loss. Our work also highlights the importance of multicenter collaboration and data sharing to establish the pathogenicity of a relatively common synonymous variant for improved diagnosis and management of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoel Hirsch
- Dor Yeshorim, Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases, Brooklyn, NY, 11211, USA
| | - Chayada Tangshewinsirikul
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kevin T Booth
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Hela Azaiez
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Devorah Yefet
- Dor Yeshorim, Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases, Jerusalem, 91506, Israel
| | - Adina Quint
- Dor Yeshorim, Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases, Jerusalem, 91506, Israel
| | - Tzvi Weiden
- Dor Yeshorim, Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases, Jerusalem, 91506, Israel
| | - Zippora Brownstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Michal Macarov
- Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Bella Davidov
- Department of Medical Genetics, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, 49100, Israel
| | - John Pappas
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Rachel Rabin
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Margaret A Kenna
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School Center for Hereditary Deafness, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Andrea M Oza
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Katherine Lafferty
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Maine Medical Center, Scarborough, ME, 04074, USA
| | - Sami S Amr
- Harvard Medical School Center for Hereditary Deafness, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Heidi L Rehm
- Harvard Medical School Center for Hereditary Deafness, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Diana L Kolbe
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Kathy Frees
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Carla Nishimura
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Minjie Luo
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Chantal Farra
- Medical Genetics Unit, American University of Beirut Medical Center, AUBMC, 1107 2020, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Cynthia C Morton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School Center for Hereditary Deafness, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Sholem Y Scher
- Dor Yeshorim, Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases, Brooklyn, NY, 11211, USA
| | - Josef Ekstein
- Dor Yeshorim, Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases, Brooklyn, NY, 11211, USA
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
| | - Richard J H Smith
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| | - Jun Shen
- Harvard Medical School Center for Hereditary Deafness, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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19
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Dror AA, Kassis-Karayanni N, Oved A, Daoud A, Eisenbach N, Mizrachi M, Rayan D, Francis S, Layous E, Gutkovich YE, Taiber S, Srouji S, Chordekar S, Goldenstein S, Ziv Y, Ronen O, Gruber M, Avraham KB, Sela E. Auditory Performance in Recovered SARS-COV-2 Patients. Otol Neurotol 2021; 42:666-670. [PMID: 33967243 PMCID: PMC8115428 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While COVID-19 symptoms impact rhinology (anosmia) and laryngology (airways), two major disciplines of the otolaryngology armamentarium, the virus has seemed to spare the auditory system. A recent study, however, reported changes in otoacoustic emission (OAE) signals measured in SARS-COV-2 positive patients. We sought to assess the effect of COVID-19 infection on auditory performance in a cohort of recovered SARS-COV-2 patients and controls. To avoid a potential bias of previous audiological dysfunction not related to SARS-COV-2 infection, the study encompasses patients with normal auditory history. We hypothesized that if SARS-COV-2 infection predisposes to hearing loss, we would observe subtle and early audiometric deficits in our cohort in the form of subclinical auditory changes. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS The Institutional Review Board approved the study and we recruited participants who had been positive for SARS-COV-2 infection, according to an Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test on two nasopharyngeal swabs. The patients included in this study were asymptomatic for the SARS-COV-2 infection and were evaluated following recovery, confirmed by repeated swab testing. The control group comprised healthy individuals matched for age and sex, and with a normal auditory and otologic history. INTERVENTIONS The eligibility to participate in this study included a normal audiogram, no previous auditory symptoms, normal otoscopy examination with an intact tympanic membrane, and bilateral tympanometry type A. None of our volunteers reported any new auditory symptoms following SARS-COV-2 infection. Ototacoustic emissions (OAE) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) measurements were used to evaluate the auditory function. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES OAE and ABR measurements. RESULTS We have found no significant differences between recovered asymptomatic SARS-COV-2 patients and controls in any of transitory evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE), distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE), or ABR responses. CONCLUSIONS There is no cochlear dysfunction represented by ABR, TEOAE, and DPOAE responses in recovered COVID-19 asymptomatic patients. Retrocochlear function was also preserved as evident by the ABR responses. A long-term evaluation of a larger cohort of SARS-COV-2 patients will help to identify a possible contribution of SARS-COV-2 infection to recently published anecdotal auditory symptoms associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amiel A. Dror
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Najla Kassis-Karayanni
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Adi Oved
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Amani Daoud
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Netanel Eisenbach
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Matti Mizrachi
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Doaa Rayan
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Shawky Francis
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Eli Layous
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Yoni Evgeni Gutkovich
- Motion Sickness and Human Performance Laboratory, The Israel Naval Medical Institute, Haifa
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Shahar Taiber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry
| | - Samer Srouji
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Oral and Maxillofacial Department
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Shai Chordekar
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
- Department of Communication Disorders, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
- Speech & Hearing Center, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sonia Goldenstein
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Yael Ziv
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Ohad Ronen
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | - Maayan Gruber
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
| | | | - Eyal Sela
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya
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20
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Taiber S, Cohen R, Yizhar‐Barnea O, Sprinzak D, Holt JR, Avraham KB. Neonatal AAV gene therapy rescues hearing in a mouse model of SYNE4 deafness. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13259. [PMID: 33350593 PMCID: PMC7863404 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants account for approximately half the cases of congenital and early-onset deafness. Methods and technologies for viral delivery of genes into the inner ear have evolved over the past decade to render gene therapy a viable and attractive approach for treatment. Variants in SYNE4, encoding the protein nesprin-4, a member of the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC), lead to DFNB76 human deafness. Syne4-/- mice have severe-to-profound progressive hearing loss and exhibit mislocalization of hair cell nuclei and hair cell degeneration. We used AAV9-PHP.B, a recently developed synthetic adeno-associated virus, to deliver the coding sequence of Syne4 into the inner ears of neonatal Syne4-/- mice. Here we report rescue of hair cell morphology and survival, nearly complete recovery of auditory function, and restoration of auditory-associated behaviors, without observed adverse effects. Uncertainties remain regarding the durability of the treatment and the time window for intervention in humans, but our results suggest that gene therapy has the potential to prevent hearing loss in humans with SYNE4 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Taiber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & BiochemistrySackler Faculty of Medicine & Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Roie Cohen
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and BiophysicsGeorge S. Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Ofer Yizhar‐Barnea
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & BiochemistrySackler Faculty of Medicine & Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - David Sprinzak
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and BiophysicsGeorge S. Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Jeffrey R Holt
- Departments of Otolaryngology & NeurologyBoston Children’s Hospital & Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & BiochemistrySackler Faculty of Medicine & Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
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21
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Krohs C, Bordeynik-Cohen M, Messika-Gold N, Elkon R, Avraham KB, Nothwang HG. Expression pattern of cochlear microRNAs in the mammalian auditory hindbrain. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 383:655-666. [PMID: 33156384 PMCID: PMC7904729 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03290-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The auditory system comprises the auditory periphery, engaged in sound transduction and the central auditory system, implicated in auditory information processing and perception. Recently, evidence mounted that the mammalian peripheral and central auditory systems share a number of genes critical for proper development and function. This bears implication for auditory rehabilitation and evolution of the auditory system. To analyze to which extent microRNAs (miRNAs) belong to genes shared between both systems, we characterize the expression pattern of 12 cochlea-abundant miRNAs in the central auditory system. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) demonstrated expression of all 12 genes in the cochlea, the auditory hindbrain and the non-auditory prefrontal cortex (PFC) at embryonic stage (E)16 and postnatal stages (P)0 and P30. Eleven of them showed differences in expression between tissues and nine between the developmental time points. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that the temporal expression pattern in the auditory hindbrain was more similar to the PFC than to the cochlea. Spatiotemporal expression analysis by RNA in situ hybridization demonstrated widespread expression throughout the cochlear nucleus complex (CNC) and the superior olivary complex (SOC) during postnatal development. Altogether, our data indicate that miRNAs represent a relevant class of genetic factors functioning across the auditory system. Given the importance of gene regulatory network (GRN) components for development, physiology and evolution, the 12 miRNAs provide promising entry points to gain insights into their molecular underpinnings in the auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Krohs
- Neurogenetics Group and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl Von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Mor Bordeynik-Cohen
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Naama Messika-Gold
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ran Elkon
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hans Gerd Nothwang
- Neurogenetics Group and Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl Von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany.
- Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl Von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany.
- Department of Neuroscience, Center of Excellence Hearing4All, Carl Von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany.
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22
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Dror AA, Morozov NG, Layous E, Mizrachi M, Daoud A, Eisenbach N, Rayan D, Kaykov E, Marei H, Barhum M, Srouji S, Avraham KB, Sela E. United by Hope, Divided by Access: Country Mapping of COVID-19 Information Accessibility and Its Consequences on Pandemic Eradication. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 7:618337. [PMID: 33585515 PMCID: PMC7873525 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.618337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many government websites and mobile content are inaccessible for people with vision, hearing, cognitive, and motor impairments. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted these disparities when health authority website information, critical in providing resources for curbing the spread of the virus, remained inaccessible for numerous disabled populations. The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines provide comparatively universally accepted guidelines for website accessibility. We utilized these parameters to examine the number of countries with or without accessible health authority websites. The resulting data indicate a dearth of countries with websites accessible for persons with disabilities. Methods of information dissemination must take into consideration individuals with disabilities, particularly in times of global health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amiel A Dror
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Nicole G Morozov
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eli Layous
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Matti Mizrachi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Amani Daoud
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Netanel Eisenbach
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Doaa Rayan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Edward Kaykov
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.,Geriatric Medicine Department, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Hesham Marei
- College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University (GMU), Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Masad Barhum
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Samer Srouji
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.,Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eyal Sela
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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23
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Rabinski T, Sagiv ST, Hausman-Kedem M, Fattal-Valevski A, Rubinstein M, Avraham KB, Vatine GD. Reprogramming of two induced pluripotent stem cell lines from a heterozygous GRIN2D developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) patient (BGUi011-A) and from a healthy family relative (BGUi012-A). Stem Cell Res 2021; 51:102178. [PMID: 33482465 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The GLUN2D subunit of the N-methylD-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is encoded by the GRIN2D gene. Mutations in GRIN2D have been associated with neurodevelopmental and epileptic encephalopathies. Access to patient samples harboring mutations in GRIN2D can contribute to understanding the role of NMDAR in neuronal development and function. We report the generation of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from a GRIN2D-developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) patient, carrying a de novo c.1999G>A heterozygous pathogenic variant, and his healthy parent. Generated lines highly expressed pluripotency markers, spontaneously differentiated into the three germ layers, retained the deficiency-causing mutation, and displayed normal karyotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Rabinski
- The Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell (RMSC) Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Sivan T Sagiv
- The Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell (RMSC) Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; The Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Moran Hausman-Kedem
- Pediatric Neurology Institute, Dana-Dewk Children's Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Aviva Fattal-Valevski
- Pediatric Neurology Institute, Dana-Dewk Children's Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Moran Rubinstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Gad D Vatine
- The Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell (RMSC) Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; The Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel.
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24
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Koffler-Brill T, Taiber S, Anaya A, Bordeynik-Cohen M, Rosen E, Kolla L, Messika-Gold N, Elkon R, Kelley MW, Ulitsky I, Avraham KB. Identification and characterization of key long non-coding RNAs in the mouse cochlea. RNA Biol 2020; 18:1160-1169. [PMID: 33131415 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2020.1836456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The auditory system is a complex sensory network with an orchestrated multilayer regulatory programme governing its development and maintenance. Accumulating evidence has implicated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as important regulators in numerous systems, as well as in pathological pathways. However, their function in the auditory system has yet to be explored. Using a set of specific criteria, we selected four lncRNAs expressed in the mouse cochlea, which are conserved in the human transcriptome and are relevant for inner ear function. Bioinformatic characterization demonstrated a lack of coding potential and an absence of evolutionary conservation that represent properties commonly shared by their class members. RNAscope® analysis of the spatial and temporal expression profiles revealed specific localization to inner ear cells. Sub-cellular localization analysis presented a distinct pattern for each lncRNA and mouse tissue expression evaluation displayed a large variability in terms of level and location. Our findings establish the expression of specific lncRNAs in different cell types of the auditory system and present a potential pathway by which the lncRNA Gas5 acts in the inner ear. Studying lncRNAs and deciphering their functions may deepen our knowledge of inner ear physiology and morphology and may reveal the basis of as yet unresolved genetic hearing loss-related pathologies. Moreover, our experimental design may be employed as a reference for studying other inner ear-related lncRNAs, as well as lncRNAs expressed in other sensory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Koffler-Brill
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Taiber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alejandro Anaya
- Laboratory of Cochlear Development, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mor Bordeynik-Cohen
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Einat Rosen
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Likhitha Kolla
- Laboratory of Cochlear Development, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Naama Messika-Gold
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ran Elkon
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Matthew W Kelley
- Laboratory of Cochlear Development, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Igor Ulitsky
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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25
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Cohen R, Amir-Zilberstein L, Hersch M, Woland S, Loza O, Taiber S, Matsuzaki F, Bergmann S, Avraham KB, Sprinzak D. Mechanical forces drive ordered patterning of hair cells in the mammalian inner ear. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5137. [PMID: 33046691 PMCID: PMC7550578 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18894-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodic organization of cells is required for the function of many organs and tissues. The development of such periodic patterns is typically associated with mechanisms based on intercellular signaling such as lateral inhibition and Turing patterning. Here we show that the transition from disordered to ordered checkerboard-like pattern of hair cells and supporting cells in the mammalian hearing organ, the organ of Corti, is likely based on mechanical forces rather than signaling events. Using time-lapse imaging of mouse cochlear explants, we show that hair cells rearrange gradually into a checkerboard-like pattern through a tissue-wide shear motion that coordinates intercalation and delamination events. Using mechanical models of the tissue, we show that global shear and local repulsion forces on hair cells are sufficient to drive the transition from disordered to ordered cellular pattern. Our findings suggest that mechanical forces drive ordered hair cell patterning in a process strikingly analogous to the process of shear-induced crystallization in polymer and granular physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roie Cohen
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Faculty of Exact Sciences, Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Liat Amir-Zilberstein
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Micha Hersch
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shiran Woland
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Olga Loza
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Taiber
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Fumio Matsuzaki
- Laboratory of Cell Asymmetry, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Sprinzak
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,The Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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26
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Brownstein Z, Gulsuner S, Walsh T, Martins FTA, Taiber S, Isakov O, Lee MK, Bordeynik-Cohen M, Birkan M, Chang W, Casadei S, Danial-Farran N, Abu-Rayyan A, Carlson R, Kamal L, Arnthórsson AÖ, Sokolov M, Gilony D, Lipschitz N, Frydman M, Davidov B, Macarov M, Sagi M, Vinkler C, Poran H, Sharony R, Samra N, Zvi N, Baris-Feldman H, Singer A, Handzel O, Hertzano R, Ali-Naffaa D, Ruhrman-Shahar N, Madgar O, Sofrin-Drucker E, Peleg A, Khayat M, Shohat M, Basel-Salmon L, Pras E, Lev D, Wolf M, Steingrimsson E, Shomron N, Kelley MW, Kanaan MN, Allon-Shalev S, King MC, Avraham KB. Spectrum of genes for inherited hearing loss in the Israeli Jewish population, including the novel human deafness gene ATOH1. Clin Genet 2020; 98:353-364. [PMID: 33111345 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in more than 150 genes are responsible for inherited hearing loss, with thousands of different, severe causal alleles that vary among populations. The Israeli Jewish population includes communities of diverse geographic origins, revealing a wide range of deafness-associated variants and enabling clinical characterization of the associated phenotypes. Our goal was to identify the genetic causes of inherited hearing loss in this population, and to determine relationships among genotype, phenotype, and ethnicity. Genomic DNA samples from informative relatives of 88 multiplex families, all of self-identified Jewish ancestry, with either non-syndromic or syndromic hearing loss, were sequenced for known and candidate deafness genes using the HEar-Seq gene panel. The genetic causes of hearing loss were identified for 60% of the families. One gene was encountered for the first time in human hearing loss: ATOH1 (Atonal), a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor responsible for autosomal dominant progressive hearing loss in a five-generation family. Our results show that genomic sequencing with a gene panel dedicated to hearing loss is effective for genetic diagnoses in a diverse population. Comprehensive sequencing enables well-informed genetic counseling and clinical management by medical geneticists, otolaryngologists, audiologists, and speech therapists and can be integrated into newborn screening for deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zippora Brownstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Suleyman Gulsuner
- Departments of Genome Sciences and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Tom Walsh
- Departments of Genome Sciences and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Fábio T A Martins
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Taiber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Isakov
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ming K Lee
- Departments of Genome Sciences and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mor Bordeynik-Cohen
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maria Birkan
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Tel Aviv University Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Weise Chang
- Laboratory of Cochlear Development, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Silvia Casadei
- Departments of Genome Sciences and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nada Danial-Farran
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Genetics Institute, Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Amal Abu-Rayyan
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Biological Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Ryan Carlson
- Departments of Genome Sciences and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lara Kamal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Asgeir Ö Arnthórsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Meirav Sokolov
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Dror Gilony
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Noga Lipschitz
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Moshe Frydman
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Bella Davidov
- Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Tel Aviv University Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Michal Macarov
- Department of Human Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michal Sagi
- Department of Human Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chana Vinkler
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Hana Poran
- Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Reuven Sharony
- Genetics Institute, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Na'ama Zvi
- Department of Human Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hagit Baris-Feldman
- Genetics Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amihood Singer
- Community Genetics Department, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ophir Handzel
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronna Hertzano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Doaa Ali-Naffaa
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Human Genetics Institute, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Noa Ruhrman-Shahar
- Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Tel Aviv University Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Ory Madgar
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Efrat Sofrin-Drucker
- Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Tel Aviv University Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Amir Peleg
- Human Genetics Institute, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Morad Khayat
- Genetics Institute, Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Mordechai Shohat
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Maccabi HMO, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lina Basel-Salmon
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Tel Aviv University Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Elon Pras
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Dorit Lev
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Medical Genetics, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
| | - Michael Wolf
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Eirikur Steingrimsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Noam Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Matthew W Kelley
- Laboratory of Cochlear Development, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Moien N Kanaan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Stavit Allon-Shalev
- Genetics Institute, Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Mary-Claire King
- Departments of Genome Sciences and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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27
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Nadar-Ponniah PT, Taiber S, Caspi M, Koffler-Brill T, Dror AA, Siman-Tov R, Rubinstein M, Padmanabhan K, Luxenburg C, Lang RA, Avraham KB, Rosin-Arbesfeld R. Striatin Is Required for Hearing and Affects Inner Hair Cells and Ribbon Synapses. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:615. [PMID: 32766247 PMCID: PMC7381154 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Striatin, a subunit of the serine/threonine phosphatase PP2A, is a core member of the conserved striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complexes. The protein is expressed in the cell junctions between epithelial cells, which play a role in maintaining cell-cell adhesion. Since the cell junctions are crucial for the function of the mammalian inner ear, we examined the localization and function of striatin in the mouse cochlea. Our results show that in neonatal mice, striatin is specifically expressed in the cell-cell junctions of the inner hair cells, the receptor cells in the mammalian cochlea. Auditory brainstem response measurements of striatin-deficient mice indicated a progressive, high-frequency hearing loss, suggesting that striatin is essential for normal hearing. Moreover, scanning electron micrographs of the organ of Corti revealed a moderate degeneration of the outer hair cells in the middle and basal regions, concordant with the high-frequency hearing loss. Additionally, striatin-deficient mice show aberrant ribbon synapse maturation. Loss of the outer hair cells, combined with the aberrant ribbon synapse distribution, may lead to the observed auditory impairment. Together, these results suggest a novel function for striatin in the mammalian auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathamesh T. Nadar-Ponniah
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Taiber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Caspi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Koffler-Brill
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amiel A. Dror
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Ronen Siman-Tov
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Moran Rubinstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Krishnanand Padmanabhan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chen Luxenburg
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Richard A. Lang
- Visual Systems Group, Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Karen B. Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rina Rosin-Arbesfeld
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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28
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Ben-Dov T, Brownstein Z, Nageris B, Avraham KB. [INNOVATIONS IN RESEARCH OF HEREDITARY DEAFNESS]. Harefuah 2020; 159:117-122. [PMID: 32048492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Deafness is the most common sensory disability in humans affecting all aspects of life. Approximately 50% of congenital deafness is hereditary and about half of genetic deafness is still unsolved. To date, more than 150 genes are known to cause hearing loss worldwide, with specific genes contributing to deafness in distinct populations. Of these, more than 20 genes are involved in deafness among the Jewish Israeli hearing-impaired population. The most common gene in many worldwide populations, including Israel, is GJB2, which encodes the connexin 26 protein. The second most common gene among Jews is TMC1, with most pathogenic variants found only among Jews of Moroccan origin. Most other pathogenic variants found in the Jewish population are origin-specific and not found in other Jewish ethnic groups or in other worldwide populations. In patients where hereditary deafness is suspected, known variants in the specific ethnicity are routinely examined. In Israel, the GJB2 gene is screened in all cases of hereditary deafness and the TMC1 gene is screened in deaf persons of Jewish Moroccan origin. In cases where no variant is found in a known gene, more comprehensive diagnostic tests should be used. Since the beginning of the deep sequencing era, less than a decade ago, the number of deafness-related genes in the Jewish population has increased by threefold. Identifying the pathogenic variant makes it possible to study molecular pathogenesis, to anticipate and understand the prognosis, to calculate probability of concomitant morbidity, to offer prenatal diagnosis, prevent recurrence of deafness in the family and early rehabilitation. Currently, cochlear implant offers the greatest chance for rehabilitation. The hope is that understanding the molecular pathogenesis will in the future lead to personalized medical treatment. We review the genetics of deafness, with an emphasis on the Jewish population in Israel, new diagnostic methods and suggest a diagnostic algorithm and future treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Ben-Dov
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery - Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel. Affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Zippora Brownstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Benny Nageris
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery - Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel. Affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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29
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Dror AA, Taiber S, Sela E, Handzel O, Avraham KB. A mouse model for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo with genetic predisposition for displaced otoconia. Genes Brain Behav 2020; 19:e12635. [PMID: 31898392 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal formation of otoconia, the biominerals of the inner ear, results in balance disorders. The inertial mass of otoconia activates the underlying mechanosensory hair cells in response to change in head position primarily during linear and rotational acceleration. Otoconia associate exclusively with the two gravity receptors, the utricle and saccule. The cristae sensory epithelium is associated with an extracellular gelatinous matrix known as cupula, equivalent to otoconia. During head rotation, the inertia of endolymphatic fluids within the semicircular canals deflects the cupula of the corresponding crista and activates the underlying mechanosensory hair cells. It is believed that detached free-floating otoconia particles travel ectopically to the semicircular canal and cristae and are the culprit for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). The Slc26a4 mouse mutant harbors a missense mutation in pendrin. This mutation leads to impaired transport activity of pendrin and to defects in otoconia composition and distribution. All Slc26a4 loop/loop homozygous mutant mice are profoundly deaf but show inconsistent vestibular deficiency. A panel of behavioral tests was utilized in order to generate a scoring method for vestibular function. A pathological finding of displaced otoconia was identified consistently in the inner ears of mutant mice with severe vestibular dysfunction. In this work, we present a mouse model with a genetic predisposition for ectopic otoconia with a clinical correlation to BPPV. This unique mouse model can serve as a platform for further investigation of BPPV pathophysiology, and for developing novel treatment approaches in a live animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amiel A Dror
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Shahar Taiber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eyal Sela
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Ophir Handzel
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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30
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Shen J, Oza AM, Del Castillo I, Duzkale H, Matsunaga T, Pandya A, Kang HP, Mar-Heyming R, Guha S, Moyer K, Lo C, Kenna M, Alexander JJ, Zhang Y, Hirsch Y, Luo M, Cao Y, Wai Choy K, Cheng YF, Avraham KB, Hu X, Garrido G, Moreno-Pelayo MA, Greinwald J, Zhang K, Zeng Y, Brownstein Z, Basel-Salmon L, Davidov B, Frydman M, Weiden T, Nagan N, Willis A, Hemphill SE, Grant AR, Siegert RK, DiStefano MT, Amr SS, Rehm HL, Abou Tayoun AN. Consensus interpretation of the p.Met34Thr and p.Val37Ile variants in GJB2 by the ClinGen Hearing Loss Expert Panel. Genet Med 2019; 21:2442-2452. [PMID: 31160754 PMCID: PMC7235630 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pathogenic variants in GJB2 are the most common cause of autosomal recessive sensorineural hearing loss. The classification of c.101T>C/p.Met34Thr and c.109G>A/p.Val37Ile in GJB2 are controversial. Therefore, an expert consensus is required for the interpretation of these two variants. METHODS The ClinGen Hearing Loss Expert Panel collected published data and shared unpublished information from contributing laboratories and clinics regarding the two variants. Functional, computational, allelic, and segregation data were also obtained. Case-control statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS The panel reviewed the synthesized information, and classified the p.Met34Thr and p.Val37Ile variants utilizing professional variant interpretation guidelines and professional judgment. We found that p.Met34Thr and p.Val37Ile are significantly overrepresented in hearing loss patients, compared with population controls. Individuals homozygous or compound heterozygous for p.Met34Thr or p.Val37Ile typically manifest mild to moderate hearing loss. Several other types of evidence also support pathogenic roles for these two variants. CONCLUSION Resolving controversies in variant classification requires coordinated effort among a panel of international multi-institutional experts to share data, standardize classification guidelines, review evidence, and reach a consensus. We concluded that p.Met34Thr and p.Val37Ile variants in GJB2 are pathogenic for autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss with variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shen
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School Center for Hereditary Deafness, Boston, MA, USA.
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Andrea M Oza
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ignacio Del Castillo
- Servicio de Genetica, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hatice Duzkale
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tatsuo Matsunaga
- Division of Hearing and Balance Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arti Pandya
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Saurav Guha
- Counsyl, South San Francisco, CA, USA
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
| | | | | | - Margaret Kenna
- Harvard Medical School Center for Hereditary Deafness, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John J Alexander
- EGL Genetics/Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- ConsulGene, LLC, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Certer for Medical Genetics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yoel Hirsch
- Dor Yeshorim, Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Minjie Luo
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ye Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwong Wai Choy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yen-Fu Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterinary Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Xinhua Hu
- Department of Biostatistics, Fairbanks School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gema Garrido
- Servicio de Genetica, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Moreno-Pelayo
- Servicio de Genetica, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - John Greinwald
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kejian Zhang
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yukun Zeng
- Certer for Medical Genetics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zippora Brownstein
- Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Lina Basel-Salmon
- Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Pediatric Genetics Clinic, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Bella Davidov
- Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Moshe Frydman
- Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Danek Gartner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Tzvi Weiden
- Dor Yeshorim, Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Narasimhan Nagan
- Integrated Genetics, Laboratory Corporation of America® Holdings, Westborough, MA, USA
| | - Alecia Willis
- Integrated Genetics, Laboratory Corporation of America® Holdings, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Sarah E Hemphill
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew R Grant
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca K Siegert
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marina T DiStefano
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sami S Amr
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School Center for Hereditary Deafness, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Heidi L Rehm
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School Center for Hereditary Deafness, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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31
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Taiber S, Avraham KB. Genetic Therapies for Hearing Loss: Accomplishments and Remaining Challenges. Neurosci Lett 2019; 713:134527. [PMID: 31586696 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
More than 15 years have passed since the official completion of the Human Genome Project. Predominantly due to this project, over one hundred genes have now been linked to hearing loss. Although major advancements have been made in the understanding of underlying pathologies in deafness as a consequence of these gene discoveries, biological treatments for these conditions are still not available and current treatments rely on amplification or prosthetics. A promising approach for developing treatments for genetic hearing loss is the most simplistic one, that of gene therapy. Gene therapy would intuitively be ideal for these conditions since it is directed at the very source of the problem. Recent achievements in this field in laboratory models spike hope and optimism among scientists, patients, and industry, and suggest that this approach can mature into clinical trials in the coming years. Here we review the existing literature and discuss the different aspects of developing gene therapy for genetic hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Taiber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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32
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Oza AM, DiStefano MT, Hemphill SE, Cushman BJ, Grant AR, Siegert RK, Shen J, Chapin A, Boczek NJ, Schimmenti LA, Murry JB, Hasadsri L, Nara K, Kenna M, Booth KT, Azaiez H, Griffith A, Avraham KB, Kremer H, Rehm HL, Amr SS, Abou Tayoun AN. Expert specification of the ACMG/AMP variant interpretation guidelines for genetic hearing loss. Hum Mutat 2019; 39:1593-1613. [PMID: 30311386 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Due to the high genetic heterogeneity of hearing loss (HL), current clinical testing includes sequencing large numbers of genes, which often yields a significant number of novel variants. Therefore, the standardization of variant interpretation is crucial to provide consistent and accurate diagnoses. The Hearing Loss Variant Curation Expert Panel was created within the Clinical Genome Resource to provide expert guidance for standardized genomic interpretation in the context of HL. As one of its major tasks, our Expert Panel has adapted the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants in HL genes. Here, we provide a comprehensive illustration of the newly specified ACMG/AMP HL rules. Three rules remained unchanged, four rules were removed, and the remaining 21 rules were specified. These rules were further validated and refined using a pilot set of 51 variants assessed by curators and disease experts. Of the 51 variants evaluated in the pilot, 37% (19/51) changed category based upon application of the expert panel specified rules and/or aggregation of evidence across laboratories. These HL-specific ACMG/AMP rules will help standardize variant interpretation, ultimately leading to better care for individuals with HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Oza
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marina T DiStefano
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah E Hemphill
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Brandon J Cushman
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew R Grant
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Rebecca K Siegert
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jun Shen
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Nicole J Boczek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Lisa A Schimmenti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Clinical Genomics and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jaclyn B Murry
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Linda Hasadsri
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kiyomitsu Nara
- Division of Hearing and Balance Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Margaret Kenna
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kevin T Booth
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.,The Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Hela Azaiez
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Andrew Griffith
- Audiology Unit, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hannie Kremer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Heidi L Rehm
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Sami S Amr
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ahmad N Abou Tayoun
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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33
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Lahav-Ariel L, Caspi M, Nadar-Ponniah PT, Zelikson N, Hofmann I, Hanson KK, Franke WW, Sklan EH, Avraham KB, Rosin-Arbesfeld R. Striatin is a novel modulator of cell adhesion. FASEB J 2018; 33:4729-4740. [PMID: 30592649 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801882r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The adherens junctions (AJs) and tight junctions (TJs) provide critical adhesive contacts between neighboring epithelial cells and are crucial for epithelial adhesion, integrity, and barrier functions in a wide variety of tissues and organisms. The striatin protein family, which are part of the striatin interaction phosphatases and kinases complex, are multidomain scaffolding proteins that play important biologic roles. We have previously shown that striatin colocalizes with the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli in the TJs of epithelial cells. Here we show that striatin affects junction integrity and cell migration, probably through a mechanism that involves the adhesion molecule E-cadherin. Cells engaged in cell-cell adhesion expressed a high MW-modified form of striatin that forms stable associations with detergent-insoluble, membrane-bound cellular fractions. In addition, striatin has recently been suggested to be a target of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases Tankyrase 1, and we have found that striatin interacts with Tankyrase 1 and is subsequently poly-ADP-ribosylated. Taken together, our results suggest that striatin is a novel cell-cell junctional protein that functions to maintain correct cell adhesion and may have a role in establishing the relationship between AJs and TJs that is fundamental for epithelial cell-cell adhesion.-Lahav-Ariel, L., Caspi, M., Nadar-Ponniah, P. T., Zelikson, N., Hofmann, I., Hanson, K. K., Franke, W. W., Sklan, E. H., Avraham, K. B., Rosin-Arbesfeld, R. Striatin is a novel modulator of cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lital Lahav-Ariel
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Caspi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Prathamesh T Nadar-Ponniah
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Natalie Zelikson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilse Hofmann
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, Center for Molecular Biology-German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH) Alliance, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kirsten K Hanson
- Department of Biology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA; and
| | - Werner W Franke
- Helmholtz Group for Cell Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ella H Sklan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rina Rosin-Arbesfeld
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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34
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Yizhar-Barnea O, Valensisi C, Jayavelu ND, Kishore K, Andrus C, Koffler-Brill T, Ushakov K, Perl K, Noy Y, Bhonker Y, Pelizzola M, Hawkins RD, Avraham KB. DNA methylation dynamics during embryonic development and postnatal maturation of the mouse auditory sensory epithelium. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17348. [PMID: 30478432 PMCID: PMC6255903 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35587-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The inner ear is a complex structure responsible for hearing and balance, and organ pathology is associated with deafness and balance disorders. To evaluate the role of epigenomic dynamics, we performed whole genome bisulfite sequencing at key time points during the development and maturation of the mouse inner ear sensory epithelium (SE). Our single-nucleotide resolution maps revealed variations in both general characteristics and dynamics of DNA methylation over time. This allowed us to predict the location of non-coding regulatory regions and to identify several novel candidate regulatory factors, such as Bach2, that connect stage-specific regulatory elements to molecular features that drive the development and maturation of the SE. Constructing in silico regulatory networks around sites of differential methylation enabled us to link key inner ear regulators, such as Atoh1 and Stat3, to pathways responsible for cell lineage determination and maturation, such as the Notch pathway. We also discovered that a putative enhancer, defined as a low methylated region (LMR), can upregulate the GJB6 gene and a neighboring non-coding RNA. The study of inner ear SE methylomes revealed novel regulatory regions in the hearing organ, which may improve diagnostic capabilities, and has the potential to guide the development of therapeutics for hearing loss by providing multiple intervention points for manipulation of the auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Yizhar-Barnea
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Cristina Valensisi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Department of Genome Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Naresh Doni Jayavelu
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Department of Genome Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Kamal Kishore
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, 20139, Italy
| | - Colin Andrus
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Department of Genome Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Tal Koffler-Brill
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Kathy Ushakov
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Kobi Perl
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Yael Noy
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Yoni Bhonker
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Mattia Pelizzola
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, 20139, Italy
| | - R David Hawkins
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Department of Genome Sciences, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
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35
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Danial-Farran N, Brownstein Z, Gulsuner S, Tammer L, Khayat M, Aleme O, Chervinsky E, Zoubi OA, Walsh T, Ast G, King MC, Avraham KB, Shalev SA. Genetics of hearing loss in the Arab population of Northern Israel. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 26:1840-1847. [PMID: 30139988 PMCID: PMC6244407 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-018-0218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
For multiple generations, much of the Arab population of Northern Israel has lived in communities with consanguineous marriages and large families. These communities have been particularly cooperative and informative for understanding the genetics of recessive traits. We studied the genetics of hearing loss in this population, evaluating 168 families from 46 different villages. All families were screened for founder variants by Sanger sequencing and 13 families were further evaluated by sequencing all known genes for hearing loss using our targeted gene panel HEar-Seq. Deafness in 34 of 168 families (20%) was explained by founder variants in GJB2, SLC26A4, or OTOF. In 6 of 13 families (46%) evaluated using HEar-Seq, deafness was explained by damaging alleles of SLC26A4, MYO15A, OTOG, LOXHD1, and TBC1D24. In some genes critical to hearing, it is particularly difficult to interpret variants that might affect splicing, because the genes are not expressed in accessible tissue. To address this problem for possible splice-altering variants of MYO15A, we evaluated minigenes transfected into HEK293 cells. Results revealed exon skipping in the message of MYO15A c.9083+6T>A, and intron retention in the message of MYO15A c.8340G>A, in each case leading to a premature stop and consistent with co-segregation of homozygosity for each variant with hearing loss. The profile of genetics of hearing loss in this population reflects the genetic heterogeneity of hearing loss and the usefulness of synthetic technologies to evaluate potentially causal variants in genes not expressed in accessible tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Danial-Farran
- Genetics Institute, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zippora Brownstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Suleyman Gulsuner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Luna Tammer
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Morad Khayat
- Genetics Institute, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Ola Aleme
- Genetics Institute, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | | | | | - Tom Walsh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gil Ast
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mary-Claire King
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Stavit A Shalev
- Genetics Institute, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel. .,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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Perl K, Shamir R, Avraham KB. Computational analysis of mRNA expression profiling in the inner ear reveals candidate transcription factors associated with proliferation, differentiation, and deafness. Hum Genomics 2018; 12:30. [PMID: 29929553 PMCID: PMC6013912 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-018-0161-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hearing loss is a major cause of disability worldwide, impairing communication, health, and quality of life. Emerging methods of gene therapy aim to address this morbidity, which can be employed to fix a genetic problem causing hair cell dysfunction and to promote the proliferation of supporting cells in the cochlea and their transdifferentiation into hair cells. In order to extend the applicability of gene therapy, the scientific community is focusing on discovery of additional deafness genes, identifying new genetic variants associated with hearing loss, and revealing new factors that can be manipulated in a coordinated manner to improve hair cell regeneration. Here, we addressed these challenges via genome-wide measurement and computational analysis of transcriptional profiles of mouse cochlea and vestibule sensory epithelium at embryonic day (E)16.5 and postnatal day (P)0. These time points correspond to developmental stages before and during the acquisition of mechanosensitivity, a major turning point in the ability to hear. RESULTS We hypothesized that tissue-specific transcription factors are primarily involved in differentiation, while those associated with development are more concerned with proliferation. Therefore, we searched for enrichment of transcription factor binding motifs in genes differentially expressed between the tissues and between developmental ages of mouse sensory epithelium. By comparison with transcription factors known to alter their expression during avian hair cell regeneration, we identified 37 candidates likely to be important for regeneration. Furthermore, according to our estimates, only half of the deafness genes in human have been discovered. To help remedy the situation, we developed a machine learning classifier that utilizes the expression patterns of genes to predict how likely they are to be undiscovered deafness genes. CONCLUSIONS We used a novel approach to highlight novel additional factors that can serve as points of intervention for enhancing hair cell regeneration. Given the similarities between mouse and human deafness, our predictions may be of value in prioritizing future research on novel human deafness genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobi Perl
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ron Shamir
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Schlüter T, Berger C, Rosengauer E, Fieth P, Krohs C, Ushakov K, Steel KP, Avraham KB, Hartmann AK, Felmy F, Nothwang HG. miR-96 is required for normal development of the auditory hindbrain. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 27:860-874. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Schlüter
- Neurogenetics Group, Center of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Christina Berger
- Division of Neurobiology, Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Elena Rosengauer
- Neurogenetics Group, Center of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Fieth
- Computational Theoretical Physics Group, Institute of Physics, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Constanze Krohs
- Neurogenetics Group, Center of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Kathy Ushakov
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Karen P Steel
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Alexander K Hartmann
- Computational Theoretical Physics Group, Institute of Physics, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Felix Felmy
- Division of Neurobiology, Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans Gerd Nothwang
- Neurogenetics Group, Center of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
- Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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Ushakov K, Koffler-Brill T, Rom A, Perl K, Ulitsky I, Avraham KB. Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of long non-coding RNAs in auditory and vestibular systems. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8637. [PMID: 28819115 PMCID: PMC5561060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08320-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian genomes encode multiple layers of regulation, including a class of RNA molecules known as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). These are >200 nucleotides in length and similar to mRNAs, they are capped, polyadenylated, and spliced. In contrast to mRNAs, lncRNAs are less abundant and have higher tissue specificity, and have been linked to development, epigenetic processes, and disease. However, little is known about lncRNA function in the auditory and vestibular systems, or how they play a role in deafness and vestibular dysfunction. To help address this need, we performed a whole-genome identification of lncRNAs using RNA-seq at two developmental stages of the mouse inner ear sensory epithelium of the cochlea and vestibule. We identified 3,239 lncRNA genes, most of which were intergenic (lincRNAs) and 721 are novel. We examined temporal and tissue specificity by analyzing the developmental profiles on embryonic day 16.5 and at birth. The spatial and temporal patterns of three lncRNAs, two of which are in proximity to genes associated with hearing and deafness, were explored further. Our findings indicate that lncRNAs are prevalent in the sensory epithelium of the mouse inner ear and are likely to play key roles in regulating critical pathways for hearing and balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Ushakov
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Tal Koffler-Brill
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Aviv Rom
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Kobi Perl
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.,Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Igor Ulitsky
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
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Perl K, Ushakov K, Pozniak Y, Yizhar-Barnea O, Bhonker Y, Shivatzki S, Geiger T, Avraham KB, Shamir R. Reduced changes in protein compared to mRNA levels across non-proliferating tissues. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:305. [PMID: 28420336 PMCID: PMC5395847 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3683-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quantitative relations between RNA and protein are fundamental to biology and are still not fully understood. Across taxa, it was demonstrated that the protein-to-mRNA ratio in steady state varies in a direction that lessens the change in protein levels as a result of changes in the transcript abundance. Evidence for this behavior in tissues is sparse. We tested this phenomenon in new data that we produced for the mouse auditory system, and in previously published tissue datasets. A joint analysis of the transcriptome and proteome was performed across four datasets: inner-ear mouse tissues, mouse organ tissues, lymphoblastoid primate samples and human cancer cell lines. RESULTS We show that the protein levels are more conserved than the mRNA levels in all datasets, and that changes in transcription are associated with translational changes that exert opposite effects on the final protein level, in all tissues except cancer. Finally, we observe that some functions are enriched in the inner ear on the mRNA level but not in protein. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that partial buffering between transcription and translation ensures that proteins can be made rapidly in response to a stimulus. Accounting for the buffering can improve the prediction of protein levels from mRNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobi Perl
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Kathy Ushakov
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Yair Pozniak
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Ofer Yizhar-Barnea
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Yoni Bhonker
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Shaked Shivatzki
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Tamar Geiger
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
| | - Ron Shamir
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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41
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Doetzlhofer A, Avraham KB. Insights into inner ear-specific gene regulation: Epigenetics and non-coding RNAs in inner ear development and regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 65:69-79. [PMID: 27836639 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate inner ear houses highly specialized sensory organs, tuned to detect and encode sound, head motion and gravity. Gene expression programs under the control of transcription factors orchestrate the formation and specialization of the non-sensory inner ear labyrinth and its sensory constituents. More recently, epigenetic factors and non-coding RNAs emerged as an additional layer of gene regulation, both in inner ear development and disease. In this review, we provide an overview on how epigenetic modifications and non-coding RNAs, in particular microRNAs (miRNAs), influence gene expression and summarize recent discoveries that highlight their critical role in the proper formation of the inner ear labyrinth and its sensory organs. Finally, we discuss recent insights into how epigenetic factors and miRNAs may facilitate, or in the case of mammals, restrict inner ear sensory hair cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Doetzlhofer
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, the Center for Sensory Biology, the Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
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42
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Marcotti W, Corns LF, Goodyear RJ, Rzadzinska AK, Avraham KB, Steel KP, Richardson GP, Kros CJ. The acquisition of mechano-electrical transducer current adaptation in auditory hair cells requires myosin VI. J Physiol 2016; 594:3667-81. [PMID: 27111754 PMCID: PMC4929313 DOI: 10.1113/jp272220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The transduction of sound into electrical signals occurs at the hair bundles atop sensory hair cells in the cochlea, by means of mechanosensitive ion channels, the mechano-electrical transducer (MET) channels. The MET currents decline during steady stimuli; this is termed adaptation and ensures they always work within the most sensitive part of their operating range, responding best to rapidly changing (sound) stimuli. In this study we used a mouse model (Snell's waltzer) for hereditary deafness in humans that has a mutation in the gene encoding an unconventional myosin, myosin VI, which is present in the hair bundles. We found that in the absence of myosin VI the MET current fails to acquire its characteristic adaptation as the hair bundles develop. We propose that myosin VI supports the acquisition of adaptation by removing key molecules from the hair bundle that serve a temporary, developmental role. ABSTRACT Mutations in Myo6, the gene encoding the (F-actin) minus end-directed unconventional myosin, myosin VI, cause hereditary deafness in mice (Snell's waltzer) and humans. In the sensory hair cells of the cochlea, myosin VI is expressed in the cell bodies and along the stereocilia that project from the cells' apical surface. It is required for maintaining the structural integrity of the mechanosensitive hair bundles formed by the stereocilia. In this study we investigate whether myosin VI contributes to mechano-electrical transduction. We report that Ca(2+) -dependent adaptation of the mechano-electrical transducer (MET) current, which serves to keep the transduction apparatus operating within its most sensitive range, is absent in outer and inner hair cells from homozygous Snell's waltzer mutant mice, which fail to express myosin VI. The operating range of the MET channels is also abnormal in the mutants, resulting in the absence of a resting MET current. We found that cadherin 23, a component of the hair bundle's transient lateral links, fails to be downregulated along the length of the stereocilia in maturing Myo6 mutant mice. MET currents of heterozygous littermates appear normal. We propose that myosin VI, by removing key molecules from developing hair bundles, is required for the development of the MET apparatus and its Ca(2+) -dependent adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Marcotti
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK.,Department of Biomedical Science, Addison Building, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Laura F Corns
- Department of Biomedical Science, Addison Building, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Richard J Goodyear
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | | | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Karen P Steel
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.,Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Guy P Richardson
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Corné J Kros
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
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43
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Bhonker Y, Abu-Rayyan A, Ushakov K, Amir-Zilberstein L, Shivatzki S, Yizhar-Barnea O, Elkan-Miller T, Tayeb-Fligelman E, Kim SM, Landau M, Kanaan M, Chen P, Matsuzaki F, Sprinzak D, Avraham KB. The GPSM2/LGN GoLoco motifs are essential for hearing. Mamm Genome 2015; 27:29-46. [PMID: 26662512 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-015-9614-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway is responsible for polarizing and orienting cochlear hair cells during development through movement of a primary cilium, the kinocilium. GPSM2/LGN, a mitotic spindle-orienting protein associated with deafness in humans, is a PCP effector involved in kinocilium migration. Here, we link human and mouse truncating mutations in the GPSM2/LGN gene, both leading to hearing loss. The human variant, p.(Trp326*), was identified by targeted genomic enrichment of genes associated with deafness, followed by massively parallel sequencing. Lgn (ΔC) mice, with a targeted deletion truncating the C-terminal GoLoco motifs, are profoundly deaf and show misorientation of the hair bundle and severe malformations in stereocilia shape that deteriorates over time. Full-length protein levels are greatly reduced in mutant mice, with upregulated mRNA levels. The truncated Lgn (ΔC) allele is translated in vitro, suggesting that mutant mice may have partially functioning Lgn. Gαi and aPKC, known to function in the same pathway as Lgn, are dependent on Lgn for proper localization. The polarization of core PCP proteins is not affected in Lgn mutants; however, Lgn and Gαi are misoriented in a PCP mutant, supporting the role of Lgn as a PCP effector. The kinocilium, previously shown to be dependent on Lgn for robust localization, is essential for proper localization of Lgn, as well as Gαi and aPKC, suggesting that cilium function plays a role in positioning of apical proteins. Taken together, our data provide a mechanism for the loss of hearing found in human patients with GPSM2/LGN variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoni Bhonker
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Amal Abu-Rayyan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Kathy Ushakov
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Liat Amir-Zilberstein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Weiss Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shaked Shivatzki
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Ofer Yizhar-Barnea
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Tal Elkan-Miller
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Einav Tayeb-Fligelman
- Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sun Myoung Kim
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Meytal Landau
- Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Moien Kanaan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Fumio Matsuzaki
- Laboratory of Cell Asymmetry, Center for Developmental Biology, Riken, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - David Sprinzak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Weiss Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
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Abstract
Hearing loss (HL) is one of the most common birth defects in developed countries and is a diverse pathologic condition with different classifications. One of these is based on the association with other clinical features, defined as syndromic hearing loss (SHL). Determining the cause of the HL in these patients is extremely beneficial as it enables a personalized approach to caring for the individual. Early screening can further aid in optimal rehabilitation for a child's development and growth. The advancement of high-throughput sequencing technology is facilitating rapid and low-cost diagnostics for patients with SHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Koffler
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Kathy Ushakov
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
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45
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Banai K, Avraham KB. Israel Society for Auditory Research (ISAR): 2014 annual scientific conference. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 25:267-8. [PMID: 25205708 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2014-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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46
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Jones C, Qian D, Kim SM, Li S, Ren D, Knapp L, Sprinzak D, Avraham KB, Matsuzaki F, Chi F, Chen P. Ankrd6 is a mammalian functional homolog of Drosophila planar cell polarity gene diego and regulates coordinated cellular orientation in the mouse inner ear. Dev Biol 2014; 395:62-72. [PMID: 25218921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The coordinated polarization of neighboring cells within the plane of the tissue, known as planar cell polarity (PCP), is a recurring theme in biology. It is required for numerous developmental processes for the form and function of many tissues and organs across species. The genetic pathway regulating PCP was first discovered in Drosophila, and an analogous but distinct pathway is emerging in vertebrates. It consists of membrane protein complexes known as core PCP proteins that are conserved across species. Here we report that the over-expression of the murine Ankrd6 (mAnkrd6) gene that shares homology with Drosophila core PCP gene diego causes a typical PCP phenotype in Drosophila, and mAnkrd6 can rescue the loss of function of diego in Drosophila. In mice, mAnkrd6 protein is asymmetrically localized in cells of the inner ear sensory organs, characteristic of components of conserved core PCP complexes. The loss of mAnkrd6 causes PCP defects in the inner ear sensory organs. Moreover, canonical Wnt signaling is significantly increased in mouse embryonic fibroblasts from mAnkrd6 knockout mice in comparison to wild type controls. Together, these results indicated that mAnkrd6 is a functional homolog of the Drosophila diego gene for mammalian PCP regulation and act to suppress canonical Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonnettia Jones
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Dong Qian
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Sun Myoung Kim
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Shuangding Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Dongdong Ren
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lindsey Knapp
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - David Sprinzak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Fumio Matsuzaki
- Laboratory of Cell Asymmetry, Center for Developmental Biology, Riken, Kobe, Japan
| | - Fanglu Chi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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47
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Karfunkel-Doron D, Brownstein Z, Avraham KB. Genomic Applications in Audiological Medicine. Genomic Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199896028.003.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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48
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Sokolov M, Brownstein Z, Frydman M, Avraham KB. Apparent phenotypic anticipation in autosomal dominant connexin 26 deafness. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 25:289-92. [PMID: 25153233 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2014-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Connexin 26 (GJB2) mutations are associated with various types of hearing loss, either without associated symptoms or with skin disease, constituting a form of syndromic hearing loss. These mutations can lead to deafness in either a recessive or a dominant autosomal form of inheritance. METHODS Ascertainment of a Jewish Ashkenazi family with nonsyndromic hearing loss led to the construction of a pedigree for a four-generation family, with hearing loss detected in three successive generations. The entire coding region of the GJB2 gene was amplified and sequenced by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Audiological analysis revealed that the age of onset and severity of hearing loss were earlier and more severe, respectively, in each successive generation of an Ashkenazi Jewish family. A mutation, c.224G>A, leading to missense p.Arg75Gln was detected only in the affected members of the family. CONCLUSIONS The entire coding region of GJB2 should be checked in hearing-impaired patients by Sanger sequencing, rather than examination only of the two most prevalent mutations, regardless of mode of inheritance or ethnicity. Furthermore, predictions regarding phenotype based on genotype can be difficult to make due to clinical variability in multigenerational families, as demonstrated in the family presented in this study.
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Rudnicki A, Isakov O, Ushakov K, Shivatzki S, Weiss I, Friedman LM, Shomron N, Avraham KB. Next-generation sequencing of small RNAs from inner ear sensory epithelium identifies microRNAs and defines regulatory pathways. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:484. [PMID: 24942165 PMCID: PMC4073505 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian inner ear contains sensory organs, the organ of Corti in the cochlea and cristae and maculae in the vestibule, with each comprised of patterned sensory epithelia that are responsible for hearing and balance. The development, cell fate, patterning, and innervation of both the sensory and nonsensory regions of the inner ear are governed by tight regulation involving, among others, transcription factors and microRNAs (miRNAs). In humans, mutations in specific miRNA genes are associated with hearing loss. In mice, experimental reduction or mutations of miRNAs in the inner ear leads to severe developmental and structural abnormalities. A comprehensive identification of miRNAs in the sensory epithelia and their gene targets will enable pathways of auditory and vestibular function to be defined. RESULTS In this study, we used Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) to identify the most prominent miRNAs in the inner ear and to define miRNA-target pairs that form pathways crucial for the function of the sensory epithelial cells. NGS of RNA from inner ear sensory epithelial cells led to the identification of 455 miRNAs in both cochlear and vestibular sensory epithelium, with 30 and 44 miRNAs found in only cochlea or vestibule, respectively. miR-6715-3p and miR-6715-5p were defined for the first time in the inner ear. Gene targets were identified for each of these miRNAs, including Arhgap12, a GTPase activating protein, for miR-6715-3p, implicating this miRNA in sensory hair cell bundle development, actin reorganization, cell adhesion and inner ear morphogenesis. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a comprehensive atlas of miRNAs in the inner ear sensory epithelia. The results provide further support of the essential regulatory role of miRNAs in inner ear sensory epithelia and in regulating pathways that define development and growth of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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Idan N, Brownstein Z, Shivatzki S, Avraham KB. Advances in genetic diagnostics for hereditary hearing loss. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 24:165-70. [PMID: 24006325 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2013-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary hearing loss affects a significant proportion of the hearing impaired, with genetic mutations estimated to be responsible for its etiology in over 50% of this population. The methods for molecular diagnostics are changing as a result of the transition from linkage analysis to next generation sequencing to identify the genes responsible for hearing loss in affected families. In this review, we summarize the attitudes of the hearing impaired towards genetic testing, the latest techniques for identifying mutations, and provide a comprehensive list of the mutations found in the Israeli Jewish hearing-impaired population.
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