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Kim YA, Yoon YS, Kim HS, Jeon SJ, Cole E, Lee J, Kho Y, Cho YH. Distribution of fipronil in humans, and adverse health outcomes of in utero fipronil sulfone exposure in newborns. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 222:524-532. [PMID: 30718154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Fipronil is a highly effective insecticide with extensive usages; however, its distribution and toxic/health effects in the human population after chronic exposure have not yet been clearly identified. Our objectives were to determine the levels of serum fipronil and fipronil sulfone, a primary fipronil metabolite, in a general and sensitive human population using a birth cohort of parent-infant triads in Korea. We further investigated whether in utero exposure to fipronil and fipronil sulfone can affect health outcomes in newborn infants. Blood and umbilical cord blood from 169 participants, 59 mother-neonate pairs and 51 matching biological fathers, were collected; serum fipronil and fipronil sulfone (both blood and cord blood) and serum thyroid hormones (cord blood) were measured. Demographic, physiological, behavioral, clinical, and socioeconomic data for each participant were collected via a one-on-one interview and a questionnaire survey. Fipronil sulfone was detected in the serum of mothers, fathers, and infantile cord blood, while fipronil itself was not. Maternal fipronil sulfone levels were correlated to those of matched biological fathers and newborn infants. Adjusted analyses identified significant associations between parental fipronil sulfone levels and household income. Infantile fipronil sulfone levels were significantly associated with both maternal and paternal levels as well as maternal pre-pregnant BMI. Furthermore, infantile fipronil sulfone levels were inversely associated with cord blood T3 and free T3 levels as well as 5-min Apgar scores of newborn infants. Serum fipronil sulfone was detected in a specific population of mother-neonate pairs and their matched biological fathers in a manner suggestive of regular exposure to fipronil among urban residents. The findings also suggest that serum fipronil sulfone placentally transfers to the fetus and affects infantile adverse health outcomes. This is a first of its kind study; therefore, future studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ah Kim
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10380, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Sook Yoon
- Departments of Family Medicine, Center for Health Promotion, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10380, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sun Kim
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10380, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jeong Jeon
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10380, Republic of Korea
| | - Elizabeth Cole
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Jeongsun Lee
- Department of Health, Environment and Safety, School of Human & Environmental Service, Eulji University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13135, Republic of Korea
| | - Younglim Kho
- Department of Health, Environment and Safety, School of Human & Environmental Service, Eulji University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13135, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoon Hee Cho
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA.
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Wang K, Vasylieva N, Wan D, Eads DA, Yang J, Tretten T, Barnych B, Li J, Li QX, Gee SJ, Hammock BD, Xu T. Quantitative Detection of Fipronil and Fipronil-Sulfone in Sera of Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs and Rats after Oral Exposure to Fipronil by Camel Single-Domain Antibody-Based Immunoassays. Anal Chem 2019; 91:1532-1540. [PMID: 30521755 PMCID: PMC7144541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The insecticide fipronil can be metabolized to its sulfone in mammalian species. Two camel single-domain antibodies (VHHs) F1 and F6, selective to fipronil and fipronil-sulfone, respectively, were generated and used to develop enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the detection of the two compounds in the sera of black-tailed prairie dogs and rats. The limits of detection of fipronil and fipronil-sulfone in the rodent sera by the corresponding ELISAs were 10 and 30 ng mL-1, and the linear ranges were 30-1000 and 75-2200 ng mL-1. ELISAs showed a good recovery for fipronil and fipronil-sulfone cospiked in the control sera of the black-tailed prairie dogs (90-109%) and rats (93-106%). The VHH-based ELISAs detected fipronil and fipronil-sulfone in the sera of the rodents that received a repeated oral administration of fipronil. The average concentration of fipronil-sulfone was approximately 3.2-fold higher than fipronil in the prairie dog sera (1.15 vs 0.36 μg mL-1) and rat sera (1.77 vs 0.53 μg mL-1). ELISAs agreed well with a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the quantification of both fipronil and fipronil-sulfone in real serum samples. Fipronil-sulfone was identified as the predominant metabolite of fipronil in the black-tailed prairie dog and rat sera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Natalia Vasylieva
- Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Debin Wan
- Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - David A. Eads
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Tyler Tretten
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Black-Footed Ferret Conservation Center, Carr, Colorado 80612, United States
| | - Bogdan Barnych
- Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Ji Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qing X. Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East–West Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Shirley J. Gee
- Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Ting Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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53
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Cohen Hubal EA, Wetmore BA, Wambaugh JF, El-Masri H, Sobus JR, Bahadori T. Advancing internal exposure and physiologically-based toxicokinetic modeling for 21st-century risk assessments. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2019; 29:11-20. [PMID: 30116055 PMCID: PMC6760598 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-018-0046-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Scientifically sound, risk-informed evaluation of chemicals is essential to protecting public health. Systematically leveraging information from exposure, toxicology, and epidemiology studies can provide a holistic understanding of how real-world exposure to chemicals may impact the health of populations, including sensitive and vulnerable individuals and life-stages. Increasingly, public health policy makers are employing toxicokinetic (TK) modeling tools to integrate these data streams and predict potential human health impact. Development of a suite of tools for predicting internal exposure, including physiologically-based toxicokinetic (PBTK) models, is being driven by needs to address large numbers of data-poor chemicals efficiently, translate bioactivity, and mechanistic information from new in vitro test systems, and integrate multiple lines of evidence to enable scientifically sound, risk-informed decisions. New modeling approaches are being designed "fit for purpose" to inform specific decision contexts, with applications ranging from rapid screening of hundreds of chemicals, to improved prediction of risks during sensitive stages of development. New data are being generated experimentally and computationally to support these models. Progress to meet the demand for internal exposure and PBTK modeling tools will require transparent publication of models and data to build credibility in results, as well as opportunities to partner with decision makers to evaluate and build confidence in use of these for improved decisions that promote safe use of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara A Wetmore
- National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL), US EPA, Washington, USA
| | - John F Wambaugh
- National Center for Computational Toxicology (NCCT), US EPA, Washington, USA
| | - Hisham El-Masri
- National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory (NHEERL), US EPA, Washington, USA
| | - Jon R Sobus
- National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL), US EPA, Washington, USA
| | - Tina Bahadori
- National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA), US EPA, Washington, USA
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54
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Carrão DB, dos Reis Gomes IC, Barbosa Junior F, de Oliveira ARM. Evaluation of the enantioselective in vitro metabolism of the chiral pesticide fipronil employing a human model: Risk assessment through in vitro-in vivo correlation and prediction of toxicokinetic parameters. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 123:225-232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ueyama J. [Human Biomonitoring as a Useful Approach to Health Risk Assessment Compared with Occupational Exposure Assessment of Insecticide Intake: Fundamental Study Focused on Local Populations and Occupational Fields]. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi 2018; 73:247-256. [PMID: 30270287 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Human biomonitoring (HBM) is a technique to evaluate chemical exposure level by measuring the levels of chemicals or related substances such as their metabolites or adducts in biological samples (e.g., urine or blood). Compared with exposure assessment by an approach to estimate insecticide intake from diet or the environment, HBM can provide information more specific to an individual exposure dose and can reflect the exact body burden condition at the time of measurement. If the analytical sensitivities, completeness and cost-effectiveness of the method are improved further, HBM might be widely applicable to not only research fields such as epidemiological and occupational study but also routine analysis for effective prevention of the exposure of the human body to chemical substances. In this article, we provide an overview of HBM as a determination method for insecticide exposure markers in urine and its applications, and discuss future research perspectives in the field of environmental and occupational health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ueyama
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Field of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
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56
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Hydrophilicity nano-titania coating modified magnetic graphene oxide for pass-through cleanup of fipronil and its metabolites in human blood. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1553:16-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Aerts R, Joly L, Szternfeld P, Tsilikas K, De Cremer K, Castelain P, Aerts JM, Van Orshoven J, Somers B, Hendrickx M, Andjelkovic M, Van Nieuwenhuyse A. Silicone Wristband Passive Samplers Yield Highly Individualized Pesticide Residue Exposure Profiles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:298-307. [PMID: 29185731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring human exposure to pesticides and pesticide residues (PRs) remains crucial for informing public health policies, despite strict regulation of plant protection product and biocide use. We used 72 low-cost silicone wristbands as noninvasive passive samplers to assess cumulative 5-day exposure of 30 individuals to polar PRs. Ethyl acetate extraction and LC-MS/MS analysis were used for the identification of PRs. Thirty-one PRs were detected of which 15 PRs (48%) were detected only in worn wristbands, not in environmental controls. The PRs included 16 fungicides (52%), 8 insecticides (26%), 2 herbicides (6%), 3 pesticide derivatives (10%), 1 insect repellent (3%), and 1 pesticide synergist (3%). Five detected pesticides were not approved for plant protection use in the EU. Smoking and dietary habits that favor vegetable consumption were associated with higher numbers and higher cumulative concentrations of PRs in wristbands. Wristbands featured unique PR combinations. Our results suggest both environment and diet contributed to PR exposure in our study group. Silicone wristbands could serve as sensitive passive samplers to screen population-wide cumulative dietary and environmental exposure to authorized, unauthorized and banned pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raf Aerts
- Scientific Service Health and Environment, ‡Scientific Service Chemical Residues and Contaminants, §Operational Directorate Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, £Scientific Service Toxicology, and ∥Scientific Service Mycology and Aerobiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP) , Brussels, Belgium
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, #Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses (M3-BIORES), Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), and ∇Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laure Joly
- Scientific Service Health and Environment, ‡Scientific Service Chemical Residues and Contaminants, §Operational Directorate Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, £Scientific Service Toxicology, and ∥Scientific Service Mycology and Aerobiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP) , Brussels, Belgium
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, #Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses (M3-BIORES), Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), and ∇Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe Szternfeld
- Scientific Service Health and Environment, ‡Scientific Service Chemical Residues and Contaminants, §Operational Directorate Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, £Scientific Service Toxicology, and ∥Scientific Service Mycology and Aerobiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP) , Brussels, Belgium
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, #Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses (M3-BIORES), Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), and ∇Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Khariklia Tsilikas
- Scientific Service Health and Environment, ‡Scientific Service Chemical Residues and Contaminants, §Operational Directorate Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, £Scientific Service Toxicology, and ∥Scientific Service Mycology and Aerobiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP) , Brussels, Belgium
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, #Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses (M3-BIORES), Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), and ∇Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen De Cremer
- Scientific Service Health and Environment, ‡Scientific Service Chemical Residues and Contaminants, §Operational Directorate Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, £Scientific Service Toxicology, and ∥Scientific Service Mycology and Aerobiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP) , Brussels, Belgium
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, #Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses (M3-BIORES), Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), and ∇Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe Castelain
- Scientific Service Health and Environment, ‡Scientific Service Chemical Residues and Contaminants, §Operational Directorate Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, £Scientific Service Toxicology, and ∥Scientific Service Mycology and Aerobiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP) , Brussels, Belgium
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, #Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses (M3-BIORES), Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), and ∇Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean-Marie Aerts
- Scientific Service Health and Environment, ‡Scientific Service Chemical Residues and Contaminants, §Operational Directorate Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, £Scientific Service Toxicology, and ∥Scientific Service Mycology and Aerobiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP) , Brussels, Belgium
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, #Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses (M3-BIORES), Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), and ∇Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos Van Orshoven
- Scientific Service Health and Environment, ‡Scientific Service Chemical Residues and Contaminants, §Operational Directorate Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, £Scientific Service Toxicology, and ∥Scientific Service Mycology and Aerobiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP) , Brussels, Belgium
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, #Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses (M3-BIORES), Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), and ∇Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ben Somers
- Scientific Service Health and Environment, ‡Scientific Service Chemical Residues and Contaminants, §Operational Directorate Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, £Scientific Service Toxicology, and ∥Scientific Service Mycology and Aerobiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP) , Brussels, Belgium
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, #Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses (M3-BIORES), Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), and ∇Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marijke Hendrickx
- Scientific Service Health and Environment, ‡Scientific Service Chemical Residues and Contaminants, §Operational Directorate Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, £Scientific Service Toxicology, and ∥Scientific Service Mycology and Aerobiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP) , Brussels, Belgium
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, #Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses (M3-BIORES), Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), and ∇Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mirjana Andjelkovic
- Scientific Service Health and Environment, ‡Scientific Service Chemical Residues and Contaminants, §Operational Directorate Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, £Scientific Service Toxicology, and ∥Scientific Service Mycology and Aerobiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP) , Brussels, Belgium
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, #Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses (M3-BIORES), Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), and ∇Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Van Nieuwenhuyse
- Scientific Service Health and Environment, ‡Scientific Service Chemical Residues and Contaminants, §Operational Directorate Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, £Scientific Service Toxicology, and ∥Scientific Service Mycology and Aerobiology, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP) , Brussels, Belgium
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, #Measure, Model & Manage Bioresponses (M3-BIORES), Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), and ∇Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven) , Leuven, Belgium
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Vasylieva N, Barnych B, Wan D, El-Sheikh ESA, Nguyen HM, Wulff H, McMahen R, Strynar M, Gee SJ, Hammock BD. Hydroxy-fipronil is a new urinary biomarker of exposure to fipronil. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 103:91-98. [PMID: 28343720 PMCID: PMC5432128 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Occupational medical surveillance is highly desirable in manufacturing facilities where exposure to chemicals is significant. The insecticide fipronil is generally considered safe for humans but with increasing use, exposure to fipronil is of concern. Identification of urinary metabolites of fipronil may allow development of affordable, cheap and rapid procedures for human exposure evaluation. In this study we developed a fast and easy approach for synthesis of hydroxy-fipronil, a potential urinary metabolite of fipronil. This standard was used to develop a sensitive analytical LC-MS/MS method with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.4ng/mL. Fipronil sulfone, a known metabolite, and hydroxy-fipronil were quantified in urine samples from rats treated with a fipronil containing diet. Fipronil sulfone concentration centered around 20ng/mL, while the concentration of hydroxy-fipronil was dose-dependent ranging in 10-10,000ng/mL and thus being a more sensitive marker of fipronil exposure. A fipronil immunoassay with cross-reactivity to hydroxy-fipronil showed a good correlation in signal intensity with LC-MS data. It was also used to demonstrate the applicability of the method for sample screening in the evaluation of exposure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vasylieva
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Bogdan Barnych
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Debin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | | | - Hai M Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Heike Wulff
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Rebecca McMahen
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Mark Strynar
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Shirley J Gee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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59
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Andra SS, Austin C, Patel D, Dolios G, Awawda M, Arora M. Trends in the application of high-resolution mass spectrometry for human biomonitoring: An analytical primer to studying the environmental chemical space of the human exposome. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 100:32-61. [PMID: 28062070 PMCID: PMC5322482 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Global profiling of xenobiotics in human matrices in an untargeted mode is gaining attention for studying the environmental chemical space of the human exposome. Defined as the study of a comprehensive inclusion of environmental influences and associated biological responses, human exposome science is currently evolving out of the metabolomics science. In analogy to the latter, the development and applications of high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has shown potential and promise to greatly expand our ability to capture the broad spectrum of environmental chemicals in exposome studies. HRMS can perform both untargeted and targeted analysis because of its capability of full- and/or tandem-mass spectrum acquisition at high mass accuracy with good sensitivity. The collected data from target, suspect and non-target screening can be used not only for the identification of environmental chemical contaminants in human matrices prospectively but also retrospectively. This review covers recent trends and advances in this field. We focus on advances and applications of HRMS in human biomonitoring studies, and data acquisition and mining. The acquired insights provide stepping stones to improve understanding of the human exposome by applying HRMS, and the challenges and prospects for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syam S Andra
- Exposure Biology, Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Christine Austin
- Exposure Biology, Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Dhavalkumar Patel
- Exposure Biology, Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Georgia Dolios
- Exposure Biology, Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mahmoud Awawda
- Exposure Biology, Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Manish Arora
- Exposure Biology, Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Sciences Laboratory, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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60
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McMahen RL, Strynar MJ, McMillan L, DeRose E, Lindstrom AB. Comparison of fipronil sources in North Carolina surface water and identification of a novel fipronil transformation product in recycled wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 569-570:880-887. [PMID: 27378152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fipronil is a phenylpyrazole insecticide that is widely used in residential and agricultural settings to control ants, roaches, termites, and other pests. Fipronil and its transformation products have been found in a variety of environmental matrices, but the source[s] which makes the greatest contribution to fipronil in surface water has yet to be determined. A sampling effort designed to prioritize known fipronil inputs (golf courses, residential areas, biosolids application sites and wastewater facilities) was conducted in North Carolina to learn more about the origins of fipronil in surface water. High resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) analysis indicated that fipronil and its known derivatives were routinely present in all samples, but concentrations were substantially elevated near wastewater treatment plant outfalls (range 10-500ng/L combined), suggesting that they predominate as environmental sources. Corresponding recycled wastewater samples, which were treated with NaOCl for disinfection, showed disappearance of fipronil and all known degradates. HRMS and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis techniques were used to determine that all fipronil-related compounds are oxidized to a previously unidentified fipronil sulfone chloramine species in recycled wastewater. The implications of the presence of a new fipronil-related compound in recycled wastewater need to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L McMahen
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Durham, North Carolina 27705, United States
| | - Mark J Strynar
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Durham, North Carolina 27705, United States.
| | - Larry McMillan
- National Caucus and Center on Black Aged Employee, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Durham, North Carolina 27705, United States
| | - Eugene DeRose
- National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, 111 TW Alexander Dr., Durham, North Carolina 27713, United States
| | - Andrew B Lindstrom
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 109 TW Alexander Dr., Durham, North Carolina 27705, United States
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Dagnino S, Strynar MJ, McMahen RL, Lau CS, Ball C, Garantziotis S, Webster TF, McClean MD, Lindstrom AB. Identification of Biomarkers of Exposure to FTOHs and PAPs in Humans Using a Targeted and Nontargeted Analysis Approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:10216-25. [PMID: 27477586 PMCID: PMC5942555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Although historic perfluorinated compounds are currently under scrutiny and growing regulatory control in the world, little is known about human exposure to other polyfluorinated compounds presently in use. Fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) and polyfluoroalkyl phosphate esters (PAPs) are known to degrade to terminal perfluorinated acids and toxic reactive intermediates through metabolic pathways. Therefore, it is important to characterize their human exposure by the identification of unique biomarkers. With the use of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-time-of-flight analysis (LC-MS-TOF), we developed a workflow for the identification of metabolites for the 8:2 FTOH and 8:2 diPAP. Analysis of serum and urine of dosed rats indicated the 8:2 FTOH-sulfate and the 8:2 diPAP as potential biomarkers. These compounds, as well as 25 other fluorinated compounds and metabolites, were analyzed in human serum and urine samples from the general population (n = 100) and office workers (n = 30). The 8:2 FTOH-sulfate was measured for the first time in human samples in 5 to 10% of the serum samples, ranging from 50 to 80 pg/mL. The 8:2 diPAP was measured in 58% of the samples, ranging from 100 to 800 pg/mL. This study indicates the FTOH-sulfate conjugate as a biomarker of exposure to FTOHs and PAPs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Dagnino
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities, ORISE Program, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Corresponding Authors: S.G. phone: + 44-7480 127942; ; M.S. phone: 919-541-3706;
| | - Mark J. Strynar
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
- Corresponding Authors: S.G. phone: + 44-7480 127942; ; M.S. phone: 919-541-3706;
| | - Rebecca L. McMahen
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities, ORISE Program, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Christopher S. Lau
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Carol Ball
- Agilent Technologies, Inc., 13000 Weston Parkway, Cary, North Carolina 27510, United States
| | - Stavros Garantziotis
- Clinical Research Program and Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Thomas F. Webster
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, T4W, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Michael D. McClean
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, T4W, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Andrew B. Lindstrom
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
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Wang X, Martínez MA, Wu Q, Ares I, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Anadón A, Yuan Z. Fipronil insecticide toxicology: oxidative stress and metabolism. Crit Rev Toxicol 2016; 46:876-899. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2016.1223014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Raju KSR, Taneja I, Rashid M, Sonkar AK, Wahajuddin M, Singh SP. DBS-platform for biomonitoring and toxicokinetics of toxicants: proof of concept using LC-MS/MS analysis of fipronil and its metabolites in blood. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22447. [PMID: 26960908 PMCID: PMC4785372 DOI: 10.1038/srep22447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, sensitive and high throughput LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for quantification of fipronil, fipronil sulfone and fipronil desulfinyl in rat and human dried blood spots (DBS). DBS samples were prepared by spiking 10 μl blood on DMPK-C cards followed by drying at room temperature. The whole blood spots were then punched from the card and extracted using acetonitrile. The total chromatographic run time of the method was only 2 min. The lower limit of quantification of the method was 0.1 ng/ml for all the analytes. The method was successfully applied to determine fipronil desulfinyl in DBS samples obtained from its toxicokinetic study in rats following intravenous dose (1 mg/kg). In conclusion, the proposed DBS methodology has significant potential in toxicokinetics and biomonitoring studies of environmental toxicants. This microvolume DBS technique will be an ideal tool for biomonitoring studies, particularly in paediatric population. Small volume requirements, minimally invasive blood sampling method, easier storage and shipping procedure make DBS a suitable technique for such studies. Further, DBS technique contributes towards the principles of 3Rs resulting in significant reduction in the number of rodents used and refinement in sample collection for toxicokinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanumuri Siva Rama Raju
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Isha Taneja
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Mamunur Rashid
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Sonkar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, India.,Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Regulatory Toxicology and Nanotherapeutics &Nanomaterial Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Muhammad Wahajuddin
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Sheelendra Pratap Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, India.,Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Regulatory Toxicology and Nanotherapeutics &Nanomaterial Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Vasylieva N, Ahn KC, Barnych B, Gee SJ, Hammock BD. Development of an Immunoassay for the Detection of the Phenylpyrazole Insecticide Fipronil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:10038-10047. [PMID: 26196357 PMCID: PMC4605820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Phenylpyrazole insecticides such as fipronil have been used as replacements for organophosphates. The wide application of fipronil raises concern about environmental contamination and risk for fish, birds, and other nontargeted beings as well as human health. A sensitive, competitive indirect heterologous enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed. Antibodies with different specificities to fipronil and its metabolites were produced. Two ELISAs having IC50 values of 0.58 ± 0.06 and 2.6 ± 0.4 ng/mL were developed. Design of different haptens and coating antigens resulted in two assays with distinct cross-reactivity patterns for structurally related compounds: 96, 38, and 101% versus 39, 1.4, and 25% for fipronil-sulfide, fipronil-detrifluoromethylsulfonyl, and fipronil-desulfinyl, respectively. Performance of the immunoassays was demonstrated by a recovery study from spiked water and human serum and urine matrices, giving recovery values in the range of 85-111% for different concentrations. The assays demonstrated good correlation in fipronil recovery with conventional LC-MS/MS analysis. The generic assay 2265 has the sensitivity to measure fipronil and its analogs in serum at levels relevant for exposure monitoring. The assays were used to analyze human urine samples obtained from exposure studies and serum samples from rats treated with a fipronil-containing diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vasylieva
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Ki Chang Ahn
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bogdan Barnych
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Shirley J. Gee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Corresponding Author, Tel. : 530-752-8465. Fax : 530-752-7519.
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