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Clemens B, Puskás S, Spisák T, Lajtos I, Opposits G, Besenyei M, Hollódy K, Fogarasi A, Kovács NZ, Fekete I, Emri M. Increased resting-state EEG functional connectivity in benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes. Seizure 2016; 35:50-5. [PMID: 26794010 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore intrahemispheric, cortico-cortical EEG functional connectivity (EEGfC) in benign childhood epilepsy with rolandic spikes (BECTS). METHODS 21-channel EEG was recorded in 17 non-medicated BECTS children and 19 healthy controls. 180s of spike- and artifact-free activity was selected for EEGfC analysis. Correlation of Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography- (LORETA-) defined current source density time series were computed between two cortical areas (region of interest, ROI). Analyses were based on broad-band EEGfC results. Groups were compared by statistical parametric network (SPN) method. Statistically significant differences between group EEGfC values were emphasized at p<0.05 corrected for multiple comparison by local false discovery rate (FDR). RESULTS (1) Bilaterally increased beta EEGfC occurred in the BECTS group as compared to the controls. Greatest beta abnormality emerged between frontal and frontal, as well as frontal and temporal ROIs. (2) Locally increased EEGfC emerged in all frequency bands in the right parietal area. CONCLUSIONS Areas of increased EEGfC topographically correspond to cortical areas that, based on relevant literature, are related to speech and attention deficit in BECTS children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Clemens
- Kenézy Gyula Hospital, Department of Neurology, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Puskás
- University of Debrecen, Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Spisák
- University of Debrecen, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Imre Lajtos
- University of Debrecen, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Opposits
- University of Debrecen, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mónika Besenyei
- University of Debrecen, Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - András Fogarasi
- Epilepsy Center, Bethesda Children's Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - István Fekete
- University of Debrecen, Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Miklós Emri
- University of Debrecen, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
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52
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Pontine and cerebral atrophy in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Epilepsy Res 2015; 120:98-103. [PMID: 26808205 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a severe epilepsy of childhood onset associated with intellectual disability and multiple seizure types. Characteristic interictal electrographic discharges include generalized paroxysmal fast activity and slow spike and wave, which we have previously shown recruit widespread areas of association cortex. We wished to determine whether patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) have changes in cerebral volumes that match this pattern of cortical recruitment. METHODS High resolution T1 weighted structural MRI was collected from 10 patients with LGS and 10 age and sex matched controls. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to compare tissue volumes across the whole brain (grey matter, white matter and CSF) and pontine volume between patients and controls, as well as to identify other regions of maximal tissue loss. RESULTS LGS patients showed a significant decrease in whole brain volume compared to controls. Cortical atrophy was prominent in the mesial frontal region and bilateral anterior temporal poles. White matter atrophy was widespread and included peri-central and premotor regions. Atrophy was prominent in the pons, particularly in the region of the reticular formation. Grey matter atrophy trended to progress with age. SIGNIFICANCE Grey and white matter atrophy are a feature of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Grey matter atrophy is apparent in the mesial frontal lobe suggesting this region may be an important node in the epilepsy network of LGS. Atrophy maximal in the pons and cerebellum mimics the patterns of seizure spread that has been previously observed during tonic seizures. This supports the idea that the pons is a key part of the epilepsy network in LGS.
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Zeng H, Ramos CG, Nair VA, Hu Y, Liao J, La C, Chen L, Gan Y, Wen F, Hermann B, Prabhakaran V. Regional homogeneity (ReHo) changes in new onset versus chronic benign epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS): A resting state fMRI study. Epilepsy Res 2015; 116:79-85. [PMID: 26354170 PMCID: PMC4567694 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate regional homogeneity (ReHo) in children with new-onset drug-naïve Benign Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes (BECTS), chronic BECTS and healthy controls (HC) using the Regional Homogeneity (ReHo) method applied to resting state fMRI data. METHODS Resting state fMRI data was collected from three groups of children aged 6-13, including new onset drug naïve BECTS, chronic BECTS with medication, and HC; the data analyzed by ReHo method. Mandarin school exams scores were acquired and compared across groups. RESULTS There were three main findings. Firstly, compared with HC, abnormally increased ReHo was observed in bilateral sensorimotor regions in new onset BECTS which normalized or even reversed in the chronic BECTS group. Secondly, enhanced ReHo was found in the left frontal language region in the two BECTS groups, with even higher ReHo value in the chronic group. Lastly, decreased ReHo was found in regions of the default mode network (DMN), bilateral occipital lobes and cerebellum in both the new onset and chronic BECTS groups, lower in chronic BECTS. Behavioral analyses of school scores showed the chronic BECTS group presented significantly lower scores compared to HC (p<.05). SIGNIFICANCE The coherence of low frequency fluctuations is disrupted in sensorimotor, language and DMN-related regions in new-onset BECTS. Some of these effects seem to be selectively normalized in chronic BECTS, thus allowing us to explore possible chronicity and AED-induced effects on BECTS. Abnormal ReHo in left language and DMN regions could be responsible for impairments of cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwu Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Guangdong, China; Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
| | | | - Veena A Nair
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jianxiang Liao
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Guangdong, China.
| | - Christian La
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA; Neurosciences Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yungen Gan
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Guangdong, China.
| | - Feiqiu Wen
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bruce Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
| | - Vivek Prabhakaran
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA; Neurosciences Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
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54
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Garcia-Ramos C, Jackson DC, Lin JJ, Dabbs K, Jones JE, Hsu DA, Stafstrom CE, Zawadzki L, Seidenberg M, Prabhakaran V, Hermann BP. Cognition and brain development in children with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Epilepsia 2015; 56:1615-22. [PMID: 26337046 DOI: 10.1111/epi.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS), the most common focal childhood epilepsy, is associated with subtle abnormalities in cognition and possible developmental alterations in brain structure when compared to healthy participants, as indicated by previous cross-sectional studies. To examine the natural history of BECTS, we investigated cognition, cortical thickness, and subcortical volumes in children with new/recent onset BECTS and healthy controls (HC). METHODS Participants were 8-15 years of age, including 24 children with new-onset BECTS and 41 age- and gender-matched HC. At baseline and 2 years later, all participants completed a cognitive assessment, and a subset (13 BECTS, 24 HC) underwent T1 volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans focusing on cortical thickness and subcortical volumes. RESULTS Baseline cognitive abnormalities associated with BECTS (object naming, verbal learning, arithmetic computation, and psychomotor speed/dexterity) persisted over 2 years, with the rate of cognitive development paralleling that of HC. Baseline neuroimaging revealed thinner cortex in BECTS compared to controls in frontal, temporal, and occipital regions. Longitudinally, HC showed widespread cortical thinning in both hemispheres, whereas BECTS participants showed sparse regions of both cortical thinning and thickening. Analyses of subcortical volumes showed larger left and right putamens persisting over 2 years in BECTS compared to HC. SIGNIFICANCE Cognitive and structural brain abnormalities associated with BECTS are present at onset and persist (cognition) and/or evolve (brain structure) over time. Atypical maturation of cortical thickness antecedent to BECTS onset results in early identified abnormalities that continue to develop abnormally over time. However, compared to anatomic development, cognition appears more resistant to further change over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Garcia-Ramos
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Daren C Jackson
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Jack J Lin
- Department of Clinical Neurology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, U.S.A
| | - Kevin Dabbs
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Jana E Jones
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - David A Hsu
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Carl E Stafstrom
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Lucy Zawadzki
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Michael Seidenberg
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Vivek Prabhakaran
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Bruce P Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A
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Adebimpe A, Aarabi A, Bourel-Ponchel E, Mahmoudzadeh M, Wallois F. EEG resting state analysis of cortical sources in patients with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2015; 9:275-82. [PMID: 26509114 PMCID: PMC4576415 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is the most common idiopathic childhood epilepsy, which is often associated with developmental disorders in children. In the present study, we analyzed resting state EEG spectral changes in the sensor and source spaces in eight BECTS patients compared with nine age-matched controls. Using high-resolution scalp EEG data, we assessed statistical differences in spatial distributions of EEG power spectra and cortical sources of resting state EEG rhythms in five frequency bands: δ (0.5–3.5 Hz), θ (4–8 Hz), α (8.5–13 Hz), β1 (13.5–20 Hz) and β2 (20.5–30 Hz) under the eyes-closed resting state condition. To further investigate the impact of centrotemporal spikes on EEG spectra, we split the EEG data of the patient group into EEG portions with and without spikes. Source localization demonstrated the homogeneity of our population of BECTS patients with a common epileptic zone over the right centrotemporal region. Significant differences in terms of both spectral power and cortical source densities were observed between controls and patients. Patients were characterized by significantly increased relative power in θ, α, β1 and β2 bands in the right centrotemporal areas over the spike zone and in the right temporo-parieto-occipital junction. Furthermore, the relative power in all bands significantly decreased in the bilateral frontal and parieto-occipital areas of patients regardless of the presence or absence of spikes in EEG segments. However, the spectral differences between patients and controls were more pronounced in the presence of spikes. This observation emphasized the impact of benign epilepsy on cortical source power, especially in the right centrotemporal regions. Spectral changes in bilateral frontal and parieto-occipital areas may also suggest alterations in the default mode network in BECTS patients. BECTS patients exhibited enhanced θ activity over all cortical regions. BECTS patients displayed reduced α activity at the occipital regions. Patients showed increased power in θ, α, β in right temporo-parieto-occipital pole. EEG spectral changes in BECTS patients indicate dysfunction at the epileptic zone. EEG spectral changes in BECTS patients may show alteration in default mode network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azeez Adebimpe
- INSERM U 1105, CURS, CHU sud, Salouël, Av. Laennec, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Ardalan Aarabi
- INSERM U 1105, CURS, CHU sud, Salouël, Av. Laennec, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Emilie Bourel-Ponchel
- INSERM U 1105, EFSN Pédiatriques, CHU sud, Salouël, Av. Laennec, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudzadeh
- INSERM U 1105, CURS, CHU sud, Salouël, Av. Laennec, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France ; INSERM U 1105, EFSN Pédiatriques, CHU sud, Salouël, Av. Laennec, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice Wallois
- INSERM U 1105, CURS, CHU sud, Salouël, Av. Laennec, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France ; INSERM U 1105, EFSN Pédiatriques, CHU sud, Salouël, Av. Laennec, 80054 Amiens Cedex, France
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Wu Y, Ji GJ, Li K, Jin Z, Liu YL, Zeng YW, Fang F. Interhemispheric Connectivity in Drug-Naive Benign Childhood Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes: Combining Function and Diffusion MRI. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1550. [PMID: 26376406 PMCID: PMC4635820 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreased intelligence quotients (IQ) have been consistently reported in drug-naive benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS). We aimed to identify the neurophysiological basis of IQ deficits by studying interhemispheric and anatomical functional connectivity in BECTS patients. Resting-state functional and structural magnetic resonance images were acquired in 32 children with BECTS and 25 healthy controls. The IQ was estimated using Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children China-Revised. The functional connectivity between bilateral homotopic voxels was calculated and compared between groups. Homotopic regions showing abnormal functional connectivity in patients were adopted as regions of interest for analysis by diffusion-tensor imaging tractography. The fractional anisotropy, fiber length, and fiber number were compared between groups. Abnormal homotopic connectivities were correlated with IQ in BECTS patients. Compared with control subjects, patients showed decreased IQ, and decreased voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) in the bilateral frontal lobule and cerebellum. The performance and full scale IQ significantly increased with the VMHC strength of the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) in controls but not in BECTS patients. A significant negative correlation was observed between VMHC in the premotor cortex and disease duration. Microstructural features within white matter tracts connecting functionally abnormal regions did not reveal any differences between groups. This study provides preliminary evidence for the disrupted functional cooperation between hemispheres in children with BECTS. The findings suggest that the hyposynchrony between the bilateral MFG may be involved in the decreased IQ of BECTS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wu
- From Department of Neurology, Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (YW, FF), Laboratory of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (GJJ), Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China (GJJ), Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (GJJ), fMRI Center, The 306 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China (KL, ZJ, YLL, YWZ)
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57
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Luo C, Zhang Y, Cao W, Huang Y, Yang F, Wang J, Tu S, Wang X, Yao D. Altered Structural and Functional Feature of Striato-Cortical Circuit in Benign Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes. Int J Neural Syst 2015; 25:1550027. [PMID: 26126612 DOI: 10.1142/s0129065715500276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECT) is the most common form of childhood idiopathic focal epilepsy syndrome. We investigated quantitative evidence regarding brain morphology and functional connectivity features to provide insight into the neuroanatomical foundation of this disorder, using high resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resting state functional MRI in 21 patients with BECT and in 20 healthy children. The functional connectivity analysis, seeded at the regions with altered gray-matter (GM) volume in voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis, was further performed. Then, the observed structural and functional alteration were investigated for their association with the clinical and behavior manifestations. The increased GM volume in the striatum and fronto-temporo-parietal cortex (striato-cortical circuit) was observed in BECT. The decreased connections were found among the motor network and frontostriatal loop, and between the default mode network (DMN) and language regions. Additionally, the GM of striatum was negatively correlated with age at epilepsy onset. The current observations may contribute to the understanding of the altered structural and functional feature of striato-cortical circuit in patients with BECT. The findings also implied alterations of the motor network and DMN, which were associated with the epileptic activity in patients with BECT. This further suggested that the onset of BECT might have enduring structural and functional effects on brain maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, Center for Information in BioMedicine, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yaodan Zhang
- Neurology Department, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, NanChong 637007, China
| | - Weifang Cao
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, Center for Information in BioMedicine, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Pediatric Department, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, NanChong 637007, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Neurology Department, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, NanChong 637007, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Pediatric Department, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, NanChong 637007, China
| | - Shipeng Tu
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, Center for Information in BioMedicine, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Neurology Department, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, NanChong 637007, China
| | - Dezhong Yao
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, Center for Information in BioMedicine, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
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58
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Functional brain connectome and sensorimotor networks in rolandic epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2015; 113:113-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Curwood EK, Pedersen M, Carney PW, Berg AT, Abbott DF, Jackson GD. Abnormal cortical thickness connectivity persists in childhood absence epilepsy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2015; 2:456-64. [PMID: 26000319 PMCID: PMC4435701 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a childhood-onset generalized epilepsy. Recent fMRI studies have suggested that frontal cortex activity occurs before thalamic involvement in epileptic discharges suggesting that frontal cortex may play an important role in childhood absence seizures. Neurocognitive deficits can persist after resolution of the epilepsy. We investigate whether structural connectivity changes are present in the brains of CAE patients in young adulthood. Methods Cortical thickness measurements were obtained for 30 subjects with CAE (mean age 21 ± 2 years) and 56 healthy controls (mean age 24 ± 4) and regressed for age, sex, and total intracranial volume (TIV). Structural connectivity was evaluated by measuring the correlation between average cortical thicknesses in 915 regions over the brain. Maps of connectivity strength were then obtained for both groups. Results When compared to controls, the CAE group shows overall increased “connectivity” with focal increased connection strength in anterior regions including; the anterior cingulate and the insula and superior temporal gyrus bilaterally; the right orbito-frontal and supramarginal regions; and the left entorhinal cortex. Decreased connection strength in the CAE group was found in the left occipital lobe, with a similar trend in right occipital lobe. Interpretation Brains in young adults whose CAE was resolved had abnormal structural connectivity. Our findings suggest that frontal regions correlate most with cortical thickness throughout the brain in CAE patients, whereas occipital regions correlate most in well matched normal controls. We interpret this as evidence of a developmental difference in CAE that emphasizes these frontal lobe regions, perhaps driven by frontal lobe epileptiform activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan K Curwood
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health Austin Campus, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mangor Pedersen
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick W Carney
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health Austin Campus, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia ; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne T Berg
- Epilepsy Center, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Chicago, Illinois
| | - David F Abbott
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health Austin Campus, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia ; Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia ; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graeme D Jackson
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health Austin Campus, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia ; Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia ; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Vannest J, Tenney JR, Gelineau-Morel R, Maloney T, Glauser TA. Cognitive and behavioral outcomes in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Epilepsy Behav 2015; 45:85-91. [PMID: 25775975 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We review the evidence that BECTS may be associated with cognitive dysfunction and behavioral problems, the extent to which these problems may be associated with patterns of EEG abnormalities in BECTS, and the impact of antiepileptic medication on cognition and behavior in BECTS. A growing literature examining cognitive and behavioral outcomes suggests that children with BECTS perform below the level of their peers. Consistent with this, neuroimaging studies reveal that BECTS has an impact on structural and functional brain development, but the potential influence of frequency and lateralization of centrotemporal spikes (CTS) on cognition and behavior is not well understood. Treatment with AEDs is an option in BECTS, but existing studies have not clearly shown a clear relationship between elimination of CTS and improved cognitive or behavioral outcomes.
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Kim EH, Yum MS, Shim WH, Yoon HK, Lee YJ, Ko TS. Structural abnormalities in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BCECTS). Seizure 2015; 27:40-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2015.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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Altered regional homogeneity in rolandic epilepsy: a resting-state FMRI study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:960395. [PMID: 25247197 PMCID: PMC4163434 DOI: 10.1155/2014/960395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Children with rolandic epilepsy (RE) are often associated with cognitive deficits and behavioral problems. Findings from neurophysiological and neuroimaging studies in RE have now demonstrated dysfunction not only in rolandic focus, but also in distant neuronal circuits. Little is known, however, about whether there is distributed abnormal spontaneous brain activity in RE. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI), the present study aimed to determine whether children with RE show abnormal local synchronization during resting state and, if so, whether these changes could be associated with the behavioral/clinical characteristics of RE. Regional homogeneity (ReHo) in children with RE (n = 30) and healthy children (n = 20) was computed on resting-state functional MRI data. In comparison with healthy children, children with RE showed increased ReHo in the central, premotor, and prefrontal regions, while they showed decreased ReHo in bilateral orbitofrontal cortex and temporal pole. In addition, the ReHo value in the left orbitofrontal cortex negatively was corrected with performance intelligence quotient in the children with RE. The aberrant local synchronization, not strictly related to primary site of the typical rolandic focus, indicates the neuropathophysiological mechanism of RE. The study findings may shed new light on the understanding of neural correlation of neuropsychological deficiencies in the children with RE.
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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and attention impairment in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 37:54-8. [PMID: 24975822 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common comorbidity in children with epilepsy and has a negative impact on behavior and learning. The purposes of this study were to quantify the prevalence of ADHD in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BCECTS) and to identify clinical factors that affect ADHD or attention impairment in patients with BCECTS. The medical records of 74 children (44 males) with neuropsychological examination from a total of 198 children diagnosed with BCECTS at Asan Medical Center were retrospectively reviewed. Electroclinical factors were compared across patients with ADHD and those without ADHD. Mean T-scores of the continuous performance test were compared across patients grouped according to various epilepsy characteristics. Forty-eight (64.9%) patients had ADHD. A history of febrile convulsion was more common in patients with ADHD than in patients without ADHD (p=0.049). Bilateral centrotemporal spikes on electroencephalogram were more common in patients receiving ADHD medication than in patients with untreated ADHD (p=0.004). Male patients, patients with frequent seizures prior to diagnosis, and patients with a high spike index (≥40/min) on sleep EEG at diagnosis had significantly lower visual selective attention (p<0.05). Children with BCECTS had a high prevalence of ADHD, and frequent seizures or interictal epileptiform abnormalities were closely related to impairment of visual selective attention in children with BCECTS, indicating the need for ADHD or attention impairment screening in children with BCECTS.
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Kim SE, Lee JH, Chung HK, Lim SM, Lee HW. Alterations in white matter microstructures and cognitive dysfunctions in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Eur J Neurol 2013; 21:708-17. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. E. Kim
- Department of Neurology; Ewha Womans University School of Medicine and Ewha Medical Research Institute; Seoul South Korea
| | - J. H. Lee
- Department of Neurology; Ewha Womans University School of Medicine and Ewha Medical Research Institute; Seoul South Korea
| | - H. K. Chung
- Department of Neurology; Ewha Womans University School of Medicine and Ewha Medical Research Institute; Seoul South Korea
| | - S. M. Lim
- Department of Radiology; Ewha Womans University School of Medicine and Ewha Medical Research Institute; Seoul South Korea
| | - H. W. Lee
- Department of Neurology; Ewha Womans University School of Medicine and Ewha Medical Research Institute; Seoul South Korea
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Berg AT, Caplan R, Baca CB, Vickrey BG. Berg et al. reply. Dev Med Child Neurol 2013; 55:964-5. [PMID: 23889464 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.12203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne T Berg
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Epilepsy Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern Memorial Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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