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Zhang H, Jiang F, Zhang J, Wang W, Li L, Yan J. Modulatory effects of polysaccharides from plants, marine algae and edible mushrooms on gut microbiota and related health benefits: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 204:169-192. [PMID: 35122806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring carbohydrate polymers containing non-starch polysaccharides (NPs) are a class of biomacromolecules isolated from plants, marine algae, and edible mushrooms, and their biological activities has shown potential uses in the prevention and treatment of human diseases. Importantly, NPs serve as prebiotics to provide health benefits to the host through stimulating the proliferation of beneficial gut microbiota (GM) and enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The composition and diversity of GM play a critical role in regulating host health and have been extensively studied in recent years. In this review, the extraction, isolation, purification, and structural characterization of NPs derived from plants, marine algae, and edible mushrooms are outlined. Importantly, the degradation and metabolism of these NPs in the intestinal tract, the effects of NPs on the microbial community and SCFAs generation, and the beneficial effects of NPs on host health by modulating GM are systematically highlighted. Overall, we hope that this review can provide some theoretical references and a new perspective for applications of NPs as prebiotics in functional food and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henan Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China.
| | - Fuchun Jiang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Wenhan Wang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Jingkun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
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Wu Y, Dong L, Song Y, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Wang S. Preventive effects of polysaccharides from Physalis alkekengi L. on dietary advanced glycation end product-induced insulin resistance in mice associated with the modulation of gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 204:204-214. [PMID: 35108598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are commonly found in thermally processed foods, and long-term high AGE feeding has been reported to have negative effects on body health. In the current study, the effect of Physalis alkekengi L. fruit polysaccharide (PFP) on preventing dietary AGE-induced insulin resistance (IR) in mice was investigated. The results showed that PFP administration can significantly ameliorate hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance induced by dietary AGEs in mice. Compared to AGE-treated mice, the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS) index of PFP-treated mice were improved significantly (p < 0.05). The levels of endotoxin and inflammatory cytokines in the liver decreased, while the levels of insulin receptor substrate-1 and insulin receptor substrate-2 in the liver increased (p < 0.05). The 16S rRNA analysis showed that PFP administration reversed the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio and reduced lipopolysaccharide generation and inflammation-related bacteria, including Desulfovibrio and Acetatifactor. In addition, PFP administration also increased short-chain fatty acid levels in feces compared to dietary AGE-treated mice. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that certain specific genera, including Alistipes and Caproiciproducens, are closely related to IR-related parameters. These findings suggest that PFP can prevent dietary AGE-induced IR by modulating the gut microbiota and increasing microbial metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuekun Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lu Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yujie Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yajing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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53
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Sun L, Yang Z, Zhao W, Chen Q, Bai H, Wang S, Yang L, Bi C, Shi Y, Liu Y. Integrated lipidomics, transcriptomics and network pharmacology analysis to reveal the mechanisms of Danggui Buxue Decoction in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 283:114699. [PMID: 34610419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBT) is classical prescriptions, which contains two Traditional Chinese Medicines of Angelicae sinensis radix and Astragali radix. According to the preliminary work of our laboratory and numerous studies, it has been found that DBT has a therapeutic effect on diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the mechanisms underlying its action remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of DBT on kidney disease in diabetic mice and further explore its protective mechanism. METHODS DN mice model was induced by high-fat fodder and streptozotocin (STZ). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of 6 compounds in DBT was carried out by HPLC, including calycosin-7-glucoside, ferulic acid, ononin, calycosin, formononetin, and levostilide A. Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining was used to determine the degree of kidney pathological damage. The UPLC-Q Exactive MS technique was used to analyze the lipids metabolism profile of kidneys samples and multiple statistical analysis methods were used to screen and identify biomarkers. Transcriptomics analyses were carried out using RNAseq. The possible molecular mechanism was unraveled by network pharmacology. RESULTS Thirty-one significantly altered lipid metabolites were identified in the model group comparing with the control group. DBT improved aberrant expression of several pathways related to lipidomics, including glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. Comprehensive analysis indicated that DBT intervention reduced the content of Cers, phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylcholines in mouse kidneys by downregulating the transcription level of Degs2 and Cers, reducing lipid accumulation and promoting Akt phosphorylation by upregulating the expression of Acers and Pdk1. Network pharmacology analysis showed that components in DBT, such as kaempferol, ferulic acid and astragaloside IV, could be responsible for the pharmacological activity of DN by regulating the AGE-RAGE, PI3K/Akt, MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in diabetic complications. CONCLUSIONS These results showed that DBT may improve DN by affecting insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhigang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Qin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Haiying Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Chunmei Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yanbin Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yingqian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
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Liu Y, Li Y, Xu L, Shi J, Yu X, Wang X, Li X, Jiang H, Yang T, Yin X, Du L, Lu Q. Quercetin Attenuates Podocyte Apoptosis of Diabetic Nephropathy Through Targeting EGFR Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:792777. [PMID: 35069207 PMCID: PMC8766833 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.792777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocytes injury is one of the leading causes of proteinuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), and is accompanied by podocytes apoptosis and the reduction of podocyte markers such as synaptopodin and nephrin. Therefore, attenuation of podocyte apoptosis is considered as an effective strategy to prevent the proteinuria in DN. In this study, we evaluated the anti-podocyte-apoptosis effect of quercetin which is a flavonol compound possessing an important role in prevention and treatment of DN and verified the effect by using db/db mice and high glucose (HG)-induced mouse podocytes (MPs). The results show that administration of quercetin attenuated the level of podocyte apoptosis by decreasing the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and increasing the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in the db/db mice and HG-induced MPs. Furthermore, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was predicted to be the potential physiological target of quercetin by network pharmacology. In vitro and vivo experiments confirmed that quercetin inhibited activation of the EGFR signaling pathway by decreasing phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK1/2. Taken together, this study demonstrates that quercetin attenuated podocyte apoptosis through inhibiting EGFR signaling pathway, which provided a novel approach for further research of the mechanism of quercetin in the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Liu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiasen Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiujuan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xizhi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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55
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Cao Z, Guo Y, Liu Z, Zhang H, Zhou H, Shang H. Ultrasonic enzyme-assisted extraction of comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) polysaccharides and their digestion and fermentation behaviors in vitro. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Huang L, Shao M, Zhu Y. Gastrodin inhibits high glucose‑induced inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in podocytes by activating the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:168. [PMID: 35069849 PMCID: PMC8753962 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.11091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious and common complication of type 1 and 2 diabetes. Gastrodin has been reported to suppress high glucose (HG)-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. However, the effect of gastrodin on DN has not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism involved in the effect of gastrodin on podocyte injury caused by DN. Cell viability was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and secretion levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were measured using ELISA. The levels of malondialdehyde, activities of lactate dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase were quantified using corresponding assay kits. Additionally, cell apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL assay, whilst protein expressions related to inflammation, apoptosis and the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway were measured by western blot analysis. The results showed that gastrodin increased the viability of MPC5 cells following HG stimulation. Gastrodin also alleviated HG-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in MPC5 cells. Furthermore, gastrodin promoted activation of the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway in MPC5 cells. Treatment with the AMPK inhibitor, compound C, reversed the inhibitory effects of gastrodin on inflammation, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. To conclude, treatment of MPC5 cells with gastrodin can attenuate HG-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis by activating the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Results from the current study suggest that gastrodin can be used as an effective therapeutic agent against HG-induced podocyte injury in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyan Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital (Minhang Branch), Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, P.R. China
| | - Minghai Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200434, P.R. China
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Gong P, Cui D, Guo Y, Wang M, Wang Z, Huang Z, Yang W, Chen F, Chen X. A novel polysaccharide obtained from Siraitia grosvenorii alleviates inflammatory responses in a diabetic nephropathy mouse model via the TLR4-NF-κB pathway. Food Funct 2021; 12:9054-9065. [PMID: 34608922 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01182k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory and antioxidant effects of a novel Siraitia grosvenorii polysaccharide (SGP-1-1) were investigated in an inflammation-suppressed diabetic nephropathy (DN) mouse model, and the underlying molecular mechanisms of inflammation and oxidative stress in SGP-1-1-treated mouse models were elucidated. The results demonstrated that DN mouse models treated with SGP-1-1 (50, 100, and 200 mg kg-1 d-1) exhibited good inflammation-modulating activity. In addition, histopathological analysis showed that glomerular atrophy, severe glomerular thylakoid hyperplasia, tubular endothelial detachment, basement membrane exposure, cytoplasmic infiltration with inflammatory cells, and interstitial oedema were all alleviated in DN mice after treatment with SGP-1-1. Metabolomics analysis based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS revealed that a close relationship between the occurrence of DN and the potential 39 biomarkers, especially, leukotriene E3 and arachidonic acid,of which the main invloved metabolic pathways may beglycerophospholipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis results demonstrated that SGP-1-1 downregulates mRNA and the protein expression of the G protein-coupled cell membrane receptor TLR4 and its downstream protein kinase (NF-κB p65). This, resulted in the inhibition of the TLR4-NF-κB pathway in the peritoneum of DN mice by regulating inflammation, while stimulating the production of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reducing the production of cytokine (IL-6, TNF-α) and malondialdehyde (MDA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Gong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi 'an 710021, China.
| | - Dandan Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi 'an 710021, China.
| | - Yuxi Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi 'an 710021, China.
| | - Mengrao Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi 'an 710021, China.
| | - Zhineng Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi 'an 710021, China.
| | - Zihan Huang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi 'an 710021, China.
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi 'an 710021, China.
| | - Fuxin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi 'an 710021, China.
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58
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Gao Y, Yang R, Guo L, Wang Y, Liu WJ, Ai S, Woon TH, Wang Z, Zhai Y, Wang Z, Peng L. Qing-Re-Xiao-Zheng Formula Modulates Gut Microbiota and Inhibits Inflammation in Mice With Diabetic Kidney Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:719950. [PMID: 34604258 PMCID: PMC8481597 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.719950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates that the metabolic inflammation induced by gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to diabetic kidney disease. Prebiotic supplementations to prevent gut microbiota dysbiosis, inhibit inflammatory responses, and protect the renal function in DKD. Qing-Re-Xiao-Zheng formula (QRXZF) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula that has been used for DKD treatment in China. Recently, there are growing studies show that regulation of gut microbiota is a potential therapeutic strategy for DKD as it is able to reduce metabolic inflammation associated with DKD. However, it is unknown whether QRXZF is effective for DKD by regulating of gut microbiota. In this study, we investigated the reno-protective effect of QRXZF by exploring its potential mechanism between gut microbiota and downstream inflammatory pathways mediated by gut-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the kidney. High-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin injection-induced DKD mice model was established to assess the QRXZF effect in vivo. Mice treated with QRXZF for 8 weeks had significantly lower levels of urinary albumin, serum cholesterol and triglycerides. The renal injuries observed through histological analysis were attenuated as well. Also, mice in the QRXZF group had higher levels of Zonula occludens protein-1 (ZO-1) expression, lower levels of serum fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran and less-damaged colonic mucosa as compared to the DKD group, implying the benefit role for the gut barrier integrity. QRXZF treatment also reversed gut dysbiosis and reduced levels of gut-derived LPS. Notably, the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), which are important inflammation pathways in DKD, were suppressed in the QRXZF groups. In conclusion, our results indicated that the reno-protective effects of QRXZF was probably associated with modulating gut microbiota and inhibiting inflammatory responses in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruibing Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Guo
- Jitang College of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei, China
| | - Yaoxian Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Sinan Ai
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zheng Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhai
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Hebei, China
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Ren AQ, Wang HJ, Zhu HY, Ye G, Li K, Chen DF, Zeng T, Li H. Glycoproteins From Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx Regulate Macrophage Polarization and Alleviate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice via TLR4/NF-κB Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:693298. [PMID: 34366849 PMCID: PMC8333617 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.693298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims:Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for various inflammatory diseases. This present work aimed to investigate the protective effects of R. japonica var. glaucocalyx glycoproteins on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and the potential mechanism. Methods: Glycoproteins (XPS) were isolated from R. japonica var. glaucocalyx, and homogeneous glycoprotein (XPS5-1) was purified from XPS. ANA-1 cells were used to observe the effect of glycoproteins on the secretion of inflammatory mediators by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Flow cytometry assay, immunofluorescence assay, and Western blot analysis were performed to detect macrophage polarization in vitro. The ALI model was induced by LPS via intratracheal instillation, and XPS (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg) was administered intragastrically 2 h later. The mechanisms of XPS against ALI were investigated by Western blot, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry. Results:In vitro, XPS and XPS5-1 downregulated LPS-induced proinflammatory mediators production including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and nitric oxide (NO) and upregulated LPS-induced IL-10 secretion. The LPS-stimulated macrophage polarization was also modulated from M1 to M2. In vivo, XPS maintained pulmonary histology with significantly reducing protein concentration and numbers of mononuclear cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The level of IL-10 in BALF was upregulated by XPS treatment. The level of cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 was downregulated. XPS also decreased infiltration of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in lung. XPS suppressed the expression of key proteins in the TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway. Conclusion: XPS was demonstrated to be a potential agent for treating ALI. Our findings might provide evidence supporting the traditional application of R. japonica var. glaucocalyx in inflammation-linked diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Qi Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Jun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Yan Zhu
- Department of Biological Medicines and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immuno Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guan Ye
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Li
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Dao-Feng Chen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Clinical Trial Institution, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Niu Y, Xue Q, Fu Y. Natural Glycan Derived Biomaterials for Inflammation Targeted Drug Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100162. [PMID: 34145960 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is closely related to a variety of fatal or chronic diseases. Hence, targeting inflammation provides an alternative approach to improve the therapeutic outcome of diseases such as solid tumors, neurological diseases, and metabolic diseases. Polysaccharides are natural components with immune regulation, anti-virus, anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidation activities. Herein, this review highlights recent progress in the polysaccharide-based drug delivery systems for achieving inflammation targeting and its related disease treatment. Moreover, the chemical modification and the construction of polysaccharide materials for drug delivery are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Niu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qixuan Xue
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Fang Q, Zheng B, Liu N, Liu J, Liu W, Huang X, Zeng X, Chen L, Li Z, Ouyang D. Trimethylamine N-Oxide Exacerbates Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis in Rats With Diabetic Kidney Disease. Front Physiol 2021; 12:682482. [PMID: 34220546 PMCID: PMC8243655 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.682482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the onset and development of diabetes and its complications. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota-dependent metabolite of certain nutrients, is associated with type 2 diabetes and its complications. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most serious microvascular complications. However, whether TMAO accelerates the development of DKD remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that TMAO accelerates the development of DKD. A high-fat diet/low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes rat model was established, with or without TMAO in the rats’ drinking water. Compared to the normal rats, the DKD rats showed significantly higher plasma TMAO levels at the end of the study. TMAO treatment not only exacerbated the kidney dysfunction of the DKD rats, but also renal fibrosis. Furthermore, TMAO treatment activated the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and resulted in the release of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 to accelerate renal inflammation. These results suggested that TMAO aggravated renal inflammation and fibrosis in the DKD rats, which provides a new perspective to understand the pathogenesis of DKD and a potential novel target for preventing the progression of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Fang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Binjie Zheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Wenhui Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Xiangchang Zeng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongsheng Ouyang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
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Protective Effects of Almond Oil on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats via Regulating Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway and Gut Microbiota. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5599219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Almond oil has been used as a medicine substitution for its numerous health benefits. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of almond oil on streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats for 4 weeks. The results showed that the administration of almond oil could significantly increase body weight, attenuate abnormally elevated blood glucose, promote insulin secretion, and improve glucose tolerance. Almond oil treatment also suppressed oxidative stress, reduced inflammation reaction, improved liver and kidney function, upregulated the expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1, while downregulating the expression of Keap1. Furthermore, almond oil reversed the gut microbiota change by STZ and regulated the gut microbiota associated with glucose metabolism. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes was decreased, while Bacteroidetes was increased by almond oil treatment. More importantly, the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes was significantly increased. At the genus level, administration of almond oil increased the abundances of Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, while decreased the abundances of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, and Fusicatenibacter. These results provided evidence for the regulating effect of almond oil on diabetic rats via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and gut microbiota.
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The Immunomodulatory Effect of the Gut Microbiota in Kidney Disease. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:5516035. [PMID: 34095319 PMCID: PMC8140847 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5516035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota is a complex cluster composed of 100 trillion microorganisms, which holds a symbiotic relationship with the host under normal circumstances. Intestinal flora can facilitate the treatment of human metabolic dysfunctions and interact with the intestinal tract, which could influence intestinal tolerance, immunity, and sensitivity to inflammation. In recent years, significant interests have evolved on the association of intestinal microbiota and kidney diseases within the academic circle. Abnormal changes in intestinal microbiota, known as dysbiosis, can affect the integrity of the intestinal barrier, resulting in the bacterial translocation, production, and accumulation of dysbiotic gut-derived metabolites, such as urea, indoxyl sulfate (IS), and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS). These processes lead to the abnormal activation of immune cells; overproduction of antibodies, immune complexes, and inflammatory factors; and inflammatory cell infiltration that can directly or indirectly cause damage to the renal parenchyma. The aim of this review is to summarize the role of intestinal flora in the development and progression of several renal diseases, such as lupus nephritis, chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, and renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Further research on these mechanisms should provide insights into the therapeutic potential of regulating intestinal flora and intervening related molecular targets for the abovementioned nephropathy.
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Gulnaz A, Nadeem J, Han JH, Lew LC, Son JD, Park YH, Rather IA, Hor YY. Lactobacillus Sps in Reducing the Risk of Diabetes in High-Fat Diet-Induced Diabetic Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiome and Inhibiting Key Digestive Enzymes Associated with Diabetes. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10040348. [PMID: 33924088 PMCID: PMC8074288 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasingly spreading across the globe. The disease is linked to a disruption of gut microbiome. Probiotics are essential gut microbiota modulators proven to restore microbiota changes, thereby conferring health to its host. This study aimed to use probiotics (lactobacilli) and their metabolites as natural anti-diabetic therapy through the modulation of gut microbiota and inhibit diabetes-causing enzymes. Lactobacillus-treated high-fat diet mice showed lower blood glucose levels and body weight. Interestingly, our study also proved that the lactobacilli altered gut microbiota composition by suppressing opportunistic bacteria that are highly associated with metabolic diseases. Our findings substantiate the use of probiotics as natural anti-diabetic therapeutics. Abstract Obesity caused by a high-fat diet (HFD) affects gut microbiota linked to the risk of type-2 diabetes (T2D). This study evaluates live cells and ethanolic extract (SEL) of Lactobacillus sakei Probio65 and Lactobacillus plantarum Probio-093 as natural anti-diabetic compounds. In-vitro anti-diabetic effects were determined based on the inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes. The SEL of Probio65 and Probio-093 significantly retarded α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes (p < 0.05). Live Probio65 and Probio-093 inhibited α-glucosidase and α-amylase, respectively (p < 0.05). In mice fed with a 45% kcal high-fat diet (HFD), the SEL and live cells of both strains reduced body weight significantly compared to HFD control (p < 0.05). Probio-093 also improved blood glucose level compared to control (p < 0.05). The gut microbiota modulatory effects of lactobacilli on HFD-induced diabetic mice were analyzed with qPCR method. The SEL and live cells of both strains reduced phyla Deferribacteres compared to HFD control (p < 0.05). The SEL and live cells of Probio-093 promoted more Actinobacteria (phyla), Bifidobacterium, and Prevotella (genus) compared to control (p < 0.05). Both strains exerted metabolic-modulatory effects, with strain Probio-093 showing more prominent alteration in gut microbiota, substantiating the role of probiotics in gut microbiome modulations and anti-diabetic effect. Both lactobacilli are potential candidates to lessen obesity-linked T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneela Gulnaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (A.G.); (J.N.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-H.P.)
| | - Jawad Nadeem
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (A.G.); (J.N.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-H.P.)
| | - Jong-Hun Han
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (A.G.); (J.N.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-H.P.)
| | - Lee-Ching Lew
- Probionic Corp. Jeonbuk Institute for Food-Bioindustry, 111-18, Wonjangdong-gil, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 38541, Korea;
| | - Jae-Dong Son
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52828, Korea;
| | - Yong-Ha Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (A.G.); (J.N.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-H.P.)
- Probionic Corp. Jeonbuk Institute for Food-Bioindustry, 111-18, Wonjangdong-gil, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 38541, Korea;
| | - Irfan A. Rather
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or (I.A.R.); (Y.-Y.H.)
| | - Yan-Yan Hor
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (A.G.); (J.N.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-H.P.)
- Correspondence: or (I.A.R.); (Y.-Y.H.)
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Yang G, Wei J, Liu P, Zhang Q, Tian Y, Hou G, Meng L, Xin Y, Jiang X. Role of the gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes and related diseases. Metabolism 2021; 117:154712. [PMID: 33497712 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is the fastest-growing metabolic disease in the world. Many clinical studies have found that type 2 diabetes patients have metabolic disorders and chronic inflammatory states accompanied by disturbances in the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota plays an important role in body metabolism and immune regulation, and disturbances in the gut microbiota in conjunction with destruction of the intestinal barrier in type 2 diabetes patients causes damage to multiple organs. Therefore, the gut microbiota may be a new therapeutic target for treating type 2 diabetes and related diseases. In this review, we introduce the characteristics of the gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes and related diseases, as well as highlight the potential molecular mechanisms of their effects on intestinal barrier disruption, metabolic disorders, and chronic inflammation. Finally, we summarize an intestinal microecological therapeutic strategy, with a focus on shaping the intestinal bacteria, to improve the malignant progress of type 2 diabetes and related diseases. AUTHOR SUMMARY: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the fastest-growing metabolic disease in the world. Many clinical studies have found that T2D patients have metabolic disorders and chronic inflammatory states, accompanied by disturbances of the gut microbiota and increased intestinal permeability. The number of human gut microbiota is more than 10 times of human cells, and they play an important role in the body's metabolism and immune regulation. The abnormal intestinal metabolites and intestinal barrier disruption caused by the gut microbiota dysbiosis in the T2D facilitate intestinal bacteria and their harmful metabolites entering the circulatory system. The abnormal entering will cause the damage to multiple organs through disturbing insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism, and immune homeostasis. Therefore, the gut microbiota may be a new therapeutic target for improving T2D and its related diseases. In this review, we introduce the compositional characteristics of the gut microbiota in T2D, and highlight some new molecular mechanisms of their effects on intestinal barrier disruption, metabolic disorders and chronic inflammation in T2D and its related diseases. Finally, we summarize an intestinal microecological therapeutic strategy, with a focus on shaping the intestinal bacteria, to improve the malignant progress of T2D and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jinlong Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Pinyi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Qihe Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Guowen Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Lingbin Meng
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ying Xin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Chen H, Nie Q, Hu J, Huang X, Yin J, Nie S. Multiomics Approach to Explore the Amelioration Mechanisms of Glucomannans on the Metabolic Disorder of Type 2 Diabetic Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:2632-2645. [PMID: 33606525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a worldwide epidemic associated with metabolic disorders and intestinal microbiota alterations. Polysaccharides have been considered to be beneficial to the prevention and alleviation of T2D. In the present study, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple-time-of-flight-based metabolomics and proteomics and 16S rRNA sequencing methods were employed to evaluate the effects of glucomannans from Dendrobium officinale stem, konjac, and Aloe vera leaves on host metabolism and intestinal microbiota regulation in type 2 diabetic rats and potential mechanisms. The metabolism of amino acids was significantly disturbed in the type 2 diabetic rats, especially the upregulated branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism. Host-derived BCAA metabolism was significantly decreased in type 2 diabetic rats. However, the levels of BCAAs in host circulation and gene abundance of BCAA biosynthesis in gut microbiota were significantly increased in diabetic rats, which suggested that the disturbed intestinal microbiota might be responsible for the increased circulation of BCAAs in T2D. Glucomannan treatment decreased the abundance of microbial BCAA biosynthesis-related genes and ameliorated the host BCAA metabolism. Also, glucomannan with a higher molecular weight and a lower ratio of mannose/glucose possessed better antidiabetic effects. In summary, the antidiabetic effects of glucomannans might be associated with the amelioration of BCAA metabolism by modulating intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, People's Republic of China
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Wu L, Yan Q, Chen F, Cao C, Wang S. Bupleuri radix extract ameliorates impaired lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese mice via gut microbia-mediated regulation of FGF21 signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 135:111187. [PMID: 33556916 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and its comorbidities are associated with abnormal lipid metabolism and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Bupleuri Radix is a medicinal plant used in traditional Chinese medicine with the prevention and treatment of obesity-related diseases. In this study, we aim to validate the regulation of Bupleuri Radix Extract (BupE) on lipid metabolism in obese mice, and try to find out the potential active components and reveal the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Ingredients in BupE, their circulating metabolites in mice and fecal biotransformation products were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS). Western blotting, RT-PCR and ELISA were used for tests of objective genes and proteins. 16 s rRNA sequencing was performed to examine intestinal bacteria composition and microbes' functional changes were predicted with PICRUSt software. An absolute quantification method was set up via the construction of recombinant plasmid for the assays of intestinal flora. Specific microbial strains were cultured in anaerobic conditions and oral administrated to mice for intestinal mono-colonization. RESULTS BupE attenuated obesity, liver steatosis, and dyslipidemia in HFD-fed mice by up-regulating the expression of FGF21 in liver and white adipose tissue (WAT) as well as the downstream proteins of FGF21 signal pathway including β-klotho, GLUT1 and PGC-1α, etc. UPLC/Q-TOF-MS fingerprints showed no compounds from BupE or their metabolites or biotransformation products were detected in rodent serum samples. High-throughput pyrosequencing data indicated that BupE reversed obesity-induced constructional and functional alterations of intestinal flora. Two bacterial strains, Bacteroides acidifaciens (B. acidifaciens) and Ruminococcus gnavus (R. gnavus), were separated and identified from the feces of obese mice and by intestinal mono-colonization they were verified to intervene in the anti-obesity effects of BupE on mice. CONCLUSION These data suggest that BupE protects against diet-induced obesity and counteracts metabolic syndrome features consistent with a mechanism involving the gut-liver axis that boosts hepatic FGF21 secretion and consequent down-stream proteins expression relating to lipid metabolism. And in this gut-liver axis, intestinal microbes such as B.acidifaciens and R.gnavus play an indispensable role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liucen Wu
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Yan
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Fenglian Chen
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng Cao
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuling Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
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Bupleurum chinense Polysaccharide Improves LPS-Induced Senescence of RAW264.7 Cells by Regulating the NF- κB Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2020:7060812. [PMID: 33456488 PMCID: PMC7787758 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7060812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are important inflammatory cells that play a vital role in inflamm-aging. Bupleurum chinense polysaccharide (BCP), an effective component of the Bupleurum chinense herb, exerts multiple beneficial pharmacological effects, such as improving immunity and antioxidant activity. However, the effects of BCP on macrophage-aging and inflamm-aging are yet to be established. In this study, we examined the effects of BCP on proliferation, inflammatory cytokines, β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal), senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF), reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, p53, p16, and p65/NF-κB signaling proteins in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. BCP significantly inhibited production of interleukin-1α (IL-1α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), reduced the expression of SA-β-gal and formation of SAHF, as well as ROS level, and stabilized the mitochondrial membrane potential in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. Furthermore, BCP inhibited the expression of aging-related genes, p53 and p16, suppressed phosphorylation of p65 protein, and enhanced the expression of I-κBα protein through the NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Accordingly, we conclude that BCP effectively suppresses inflamm-aging by reducing inflammatory cytokine levels and oxidative stress production following activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. Our collective findings support the utility of BCP as a novel pharmaceutical agent with potential anti-inflamm-aging effects.
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The antidiabetic effect and potential mechanisms of natural polysaccharides based on the regulation of gut microbiota. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Jia RB, Li ZR, Wu J, Ou ZR, Liao B, Sun B, Lin L, Zhao M. Mitigation mechanisms of Hizikia fusifarme polysaccharide consumption on type 2 diabetes in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:2659-2670. [PMID: 32846181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of current work was to explore the potential anti-diabetic mechanisms of Hizikia fusifarme polysaccharide (HFP) in type 2 diabetic rats. The carbohydrate loading experiment illustrated that HFP supplement could reduce blood sugar fluctuations caused by eating through inhibiting the hydrolysis of starch in mice. The analysis of typically diabetic symptoms and serum profiles showed that oral administration of HFP could mitigate hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in rats. The 16s rRNA gene sequencing analysis indicated that HFP treatment could restore beneficial composition of gut flora in diabetic rats, and the correlation analysis revealed that the improvement of diabetes is closely related to the modification of gut flora by HFP intervention. Furthermore, the RT-qPCR and western blotting analysis clarified that HFP administration could increase glycogen storage in liver and skeletal muscle of diabetic rats through activating IRS/PI3K/AKT/GLUT signaling pathway and restrain gluconeogenesis via affecting the relative expression of Egr-1 and PEPCK genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Bo Jia
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhao-Rong Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Juan Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Ou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bingwu Liao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Lianzhu Lin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Molecular mechanisms of polysaccharides from Ziziphus jujuba Mill var. spinosa seeds regulating the bioavailability of spinosin and preventing colitis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1393-1402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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72
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Li T, Wang J, Xie H, Hao P, Qing C, Zhang Y, Liao X, Liang T. Study on the related factors of post-herpetic neuralgia in hospitalized patients with herpes zoster in Sichuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine based on big data analysis. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e14410. [PMID: 33052606 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Although various factors were reported to be related to post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN), studies based on adequate and comprehensive data were absent. Data was extracted from cases of hospitalized patients with herpes zoster in dermatology department, Sichuan hospital of traditional Chinese medicine range from December, 2011 to February, 2018, and then cleaned to build prediction model with TREENET algorithms. Following evaluated the prediction model by ROC and confusion matrix, variables importance ranking and variables dependency analysis were performed, resulting in the importance ranking of factors for PHN and the dependency between factors and PHN. Based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1303 (571 PHN and 732 normal controls) cases and 2958 indicators were selected. Model evaluation showed high ROC value (training sample = 0.985, test samples = 0.752) and high accuracy value (70.27%), which indicated that the model was predictive. After variables importance ranking and variables dependency analysis, 62 variables in the model were associated with the occurrence of PHN. Our study identified 62 variables related to PHN and revealed that various variables were the important risk factors for PHN, including age, MCHC, sodium and UA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Li
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jundong Wang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Bases Office, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyan Xie
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Bases Office, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Pingsheng Hao
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun Qing
- Department of Dermatology, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Liao
- Information Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Technical Department, ChengDu QiYue Data Technology Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
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73
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Marine polysaccharides from Gelidium pacificum Okamura and Cereus sinensis reveal prebiotic functions. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:4381-4390. [PMID: 32926901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Many marine polysaccharides as prebiotics can promote host health by modulating gut microbiota. This study investigated the beneficial effects of purified marine plant-derived Gelidium pacificum Okamura polysaccharide (GPOP-1) and marine animal-derived Cereus sinensis polysaccharide (CSP-1) on normal mice by modulating gut microbiota. The composition and diversity of gut microbiota were evaluated using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that GPOP-1 and CSP-1 altered the composition of the gut microbiota and promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria. At the genus level, GPOP-1 increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium, and decreased the relative abundance of Ruminococcus, Helicobacter, Allobaculum, Dorea and AF12. While CSP-1 increased the relative abundance of Coprococcus, Adlercreutzia, Roseburia, Phascolarctobacterium, and decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Ruminococcus and Oscillospira. The changes in the gut microbiota may affect the body weight, immune organ index and the production of short-chain fatty acids in normal mice. Compared to the normal control group, GPOP-1 decreased average weight gain while CSP-1 increased average weight gain. Furthermore, both GPOP-1 and CSP-1 significantly increased thymus and spleen indexes and total short chain fatty acids production in mice. In summary, GPOP-1 and CSP-1 exerted prebiotic effects on normal mice.
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74
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Xu F, Ye Z, Tao S, Liu W, Su J, Fang X, Wang X. Ligustilide alleviates podocyte injury via suppressing the SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathways in rats with diabetic nephropathy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1154. [PMID: 33241003 PMCID: PMC7576076 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the common chronic microvascular complications of diabetes, and podocyte injury and dysfunction are strictly related to the pathogenesis of DN. Studies have shown that ligustilide (LIG) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic activities. This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic effect of LIG in DN rats and their mechanisms. Methods DN rat models (n=10) were induced by streptozotocin (STZ) combined with a high-fat diet. Rats in the LIG group were intragastrically administered with LIG daily for eight weeks, and animals in the positive control group were treated with Losartan potassium. The body weight and blood glucose were checked weekly during the treatment. The pathological changes of kidney tissue were observed with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Blood lipid profiles and renal function-related markers, including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (Scr) were monitored using a biochemical analyzer. The protein expression of nephrin was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Finally, Western blot was used to determine the protein expression of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Results Compared with the healthy control group, rats in the DN group have slower weight gain, increased blood sugar level, renal lesions, and impaired renal function, along with decreased nephrin expression, abnormally activated NF-κB, and inhibited SIRT1 protein expression. All the above conditions were improved after intervention with either losartan potassium or LIG. Conclusions LIG attenuates podocyte injury by regulating the SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway and thereby exerts its protective effect on renal function in DN rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Neurosurgery, the First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Zi Ye
- Department of Endocrinology and Neurosurgery, the First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Shuo Tao
- Department of Nephrology, the First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Wangshu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Jianbing Su
- Department of Endocrinology, the First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Xingxing Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
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75
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Yang R, Li Y, Mehmood S, Yan C, Huang Y, Cai J, Ji J, Pan W, Zhang W, Chen Y. Polysaccharides from Armillariella tabescens mycelia ameliorate renal damage in type 2 diabetic mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:1682-1691. [PMID: 32758603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation, is one of the most common complications of diabetes. Armillariella tabescens has potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of polysaccharides from Armillariella tabescens mycelia (AT) on the kidney in type 2 diabetic mice and explore the underlying mechanism. The mice were randomized into 4 groups: normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), DC + 200 mg/kg AT (LAT), and DC + 400 mg/kg AT (HAT). The results showed that compared with the NC group, the levels of fasting blood glucose, renal function-related indices, and serum pro-inflammatory mediators including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 were elevated; the renal morphopathological alterations, oxidative stress, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation and renal fibrosis were aggravated; the intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and colonic inflammation and barrier dysfunction were deteriorated in the DC group. After supplementation with AT, the aforementioned indices were ameliorated in the AT treatment groups, especially in the HAT group. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that modulating the intestinal microbiota and inflammatory reaction was implicated in the effects of AT against DKD in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Yangdan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Shomaila Mehmood
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Chenchen Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Yuzhe Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Pharmacy Department, Anhui Medical College, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Junqiu Ji
- Hefei Lifeon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Wenjuan Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Wenna Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing of Anhui Province, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Ecological Engineering and Biotechnology, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China.
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76
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Cao P, Wu S, Wu T, Deng Y, Zhang Q, Wang K, Zhang Y. The important role of polysaccharides from a traditional Chinese medicine-Lung Cleansing and Detoxifying Decoction against the COVID-19 pandemic. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 240:116346. [PMID: 32475597 PMCID: PMC7175912 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The new coronavirus pneumonia, named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization, has become a pandemic. It is highly pathogenic and reproduces quickly. There are currently no specific drugs to prevent the reproduction and spread of COVID-19. Some traditional Chinese medicines, especially the Lung Cleansing and Detoxifying Decoction (Qing Fei Pai Du Tang), have shown therapeutic effects on mild and ordinary COVID-19 patients. Polysaccharides are important ingredients in this decoction. This review summarizes the potential pharmacological activities of polysaccharides isolated by hot water extraction from Lung Cleansing and Detoxifying Decoction, which is consistent with its production method, to provide the theoretical basis for ongoing research on its application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022 China.
| | - Sanlan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yahui Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Qilin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Kaiping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022 China.
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Shang H, Zhao J, Dong X, Guo Y, Zhang H, Cheng J, Zhou H. Inulin improves the egg production performance and affects the cecum microbiota of laying hens. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:1599-1609. [PMID: 31751722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Egg production performance, egg quality, nutrient digestibility, and microbial composition as affected by dietary inulin supplementation were evaluated in laying hens. A total of 300 laying hens were divided into 5 groups and fed diets containing inulin at levels of 0 (control), 5, 10, 15 and 20 g/kg, respectively. The results showed that the 15 g/kg inulin supplementation level improved average egg weight by 2.54%, egg mass by 5.76%, and laying rate by 3.09%, and decreased the feed conversion ratio by 3.61% compared to those of the control during feeding weeks 1 to 8. Dietary inulin supplementation improved eggshell thickness, nutrient digestibility and cecum Bacteroidales_S24-7_ group abundance in the laying hens. In conclusion, dietary inulin supplementation, particularly at the level of 15 g/kg, improved the egg production performance and eggshell thickness of laying hens, mainly due to increased nutrient digestibility and selective modulations of the cecum microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Shang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Key Lab of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Jiangchao Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, AR, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Hexiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Jianglong Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Haizhu Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China.
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LncRNA ANRIL Silencing Alleviates High Glucose-Induced Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis via Upregulation of MME in Podocytes. Inflammation 2020; 43:2147-2155. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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79
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Cordyceps cicadae polysaccharides ameliorated renal interstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy rats by repressing inflammation and modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:442-456. [PMID: 32592781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a complication of diabetes mellitus, has been the leading cause of death in people with chronic kidney disease. This study was conducted to examine the potential health benefits of Cordyceps cicadae polysaccharides (CCP) on kidney injury and renal interstitial fibrosis that occur in DN rats. First, a DN model was established using SD rats fed with a high-fat diet for 8 weeks, then injected with STZ (35 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. The rats were then supplemented with CCP (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. The results indicated that CCP improve insulin resistance and glucose tolerance in DN rats. Furthermore, CCP intervention significantly suppressed the inflammation, renal pathological changes and renal dysfunction, slowing down the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis. Moreover, high-throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA suggested that CCP modulated the dysbiosis of gut microbiota by enhancing the relative abundance and proliferation capacity of probiotics. In vitro, CCP can markedly decrease LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine levels and TGF-β1-induced fibroblast activation. In summary, the results provided evidence that CCP exerted a beneficial effect on tubulointerstitial fibrosis in DN rats by possibly suppressing the inflammatory response and modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis, via blocking the TLR4/NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
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80
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Cui M, Zhou R, Wang Y, Zhang M, Liu K, Ma C. Beneficial effects of sulfated polysaccharides from the red seaweed Gelidium pacificum Okamura on mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Food Funct 2020; 11:4625-4637. [PMID: 32400829 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00598c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Gelidium pacificum Okamura polysaccharides (sulfated polysaccharide, GPOP-1) had beneficial effects on mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). Compared with the natural recovery group, GPOP-1 increased the richness and diversity of the gut microbiome, as well as altered the composition of the gut microbiota. At the genus level, GPOP-1 significantly increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Oscillospira, and Bifidobacterium and decreased the relative abundance of Parabacteroides, Sutterella, and AF12. The metabolic pathway differences according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) revealed that the metabolic function of the gut microbiota could be significantly improved by GPOP-1. Furthermore, GPOP-1 downregulated the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-2 (IL-2), alleviated the pathological features of the cecum, and increased the contents of acetates, propionates, butyrates, and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Results indicated that GPOP-1 had beneficial effects on mice with AAD by promoting the recovery of the gut microbiota and mucosal barrier function, reversing metabolic disorders, downregulating the levels of inflammatory cytokines and improving the content of SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Cui
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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81
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Su J, Liu X, Li H, Cheng X, Shi S, Li N, Wu J, Xu Y, Liu R, Tian X, Wang H, Wang S. Hypoglycaemic effect and mechanism of an RG-II type polysaccharide purified from Aconitum coreanum in diet-induced obese mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:359-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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82
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He Y, Zhao Y, Feng Y, Ren A, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Li H. Therapeutic effect and mechanism study of L-cysteine derivative 5P39 on LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 869:172893. [PMID: 31883915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Organosulfur compounds, such as L-cysteine, allicin and other sulfur-containing organic compounds in Allium species, have been proposed to possess many important physiological and pharmacological functions. A novel L-cysteine derivative, t-Butyl S-allylthio-L-cysteinate (5P39), was designed and synthesized by combining L-cysteine derivative and allicin pharmacophore through a disulfide bond. This study aimed to explore the effects and mechanisms of 5P39 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. At the experimental concentration (5, 10 and 20 μM), 5P39 suppressed the excessive secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in mice peritoneal macrophages stimulated by LPS. A mouse model of ALI was established by tracheal instillation of LPS for 2 h before 5P39 (30 and 60 mg/kg) administration. The results showed that 5P39 treatment down-regulated the wet/dry weight ratio (W/D ratio) of lungs and reduced the protein concentration, the number of total cells as well as the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). 5P39 administration improved the histopathological changes of lungs in ALI mice with the decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in BALF. The inhibitory effects of 5P39 on the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and macrophages accumulation in lung tissues were observed by immunohistochemistry. Additionally, 5P39 significantly attenuated the LPS-activated high expression of key proteins in TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. Taken together, the present study showed that 5P39 effectively alleviate the severity of ALI, and its mechanism might relate to the inhibition of LPS-activated TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway, demonstrating a promising potential for further development into an anti-inflammatory drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yalei Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuchen Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Anqi Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yunyi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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83
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Li Y, Pan H, Liu JX, Li T, Liu S, Shi W, Sun C, Fan M, Xue L, Wang Y, Nie C, Zhang H, Qian H, Ying H, Wang L. l-Arabinose Inhibits Colitis by Modulating Gut Microbiota in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:13299-13306. [PMID: 31674784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
l-Arabinose is a monosaccharide extracted from plants or fibers, which is known to have a variety of functional properties. In this study, we aim to investigate whether l-arabinose could inhibit colitis by modulating gut microbiota. l-Arabinose was administered in mice daily in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model. The histological analysis, disease index, and the expression of inflammatory genes were measured. 16S-rRNA sequence analysis was performed to investigate gut microbiota. Intriguingly, we found that l-arabinose could repress DSS-induced colitis and inhibit p38-/p65-dependent inflammation activation. Besides that, our data revealed that l-arabinose-modulated DSS-induced gut microbiota were disturbed. Additionally, the perturbed gut microbiota was responsible for the suppressive effects of l-arabinose on DSS-induced colitis treated with antibiotics. Lastly, Caco-2 cells were used to confirm the protective effects of l-arabinose in colitis or inflammatory bowel disease. As expected, the protein expression levels in Caco-2 cells of pro-inflammatory genes, which were treated with l-arabinose and incubated with or without tumor necrosis factor alpha. Our work suggested that l-arabinose exerts anti-inflammation effects in DSS-induced colitis. These beneficial effects have correlations with the composition, diversity, and abundance of the gut microbiota regulated by l-arabinose. l-Arabinose could be a remarkable candidate as a functional food or novel therapeutic strategy for intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Nanjing 210037 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Haiou Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Nanjing 210037 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Jin-Xin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Nanjing 210037 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing 210037 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Shengnan Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , Shanghai , China
| | - Wenli Shi
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , Shanghai , China
| | - Chao Sun
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , Shanghai , China
| | - Mingcong Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Nanjing 210037 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Lamei Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Nanjing 210037 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Yu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Nanjing 210037 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Chenzhipeng Nie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Nanjing 210037 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Nanjing 210037 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Nanjing 210037 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Hao Ying
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , Shanghai , China
| | - Li Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , Nanjing 210037 , Jiangsu , China
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