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Langasco R, Spada G, Tanriverdi ST, Rassu G, Giunchedi P, Özer Ö, Gavini E. Bio-based topical system for enhanced salicylic acid delivery: preparation and performance of gels. J Pharm Pharmacol 2016; 68:999-1009. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
New salicylic acid (SA)-loaded gels were developed using excipients made from renewable materials, and our goal was to improve drug permeation in the topical treatment of acne vulgaris.
Methods
We studied the preparation parameters to obtain suitable gel formulations. Only naturally occurring polymers were used as gelling agents. Two hydrogels and three lipogels were selected and characterized in terms of drug loading, pH, viability cells, rheology, mechanical properties and in vitro permeation; these hydrogels and lipogels were compared with the traditional ointment. We also evaluated skin parameters before and after gel application.
Key findings
The formulations that we studied are non-Newtonian fluids; they have high drug loading and suitable mechanical properties. Lipogels exhibit a slower and more linear in vitro permeation profile compared with hydrogels. The different vehicles that we used affected drug permeation and improve patient compliance. Cytotoxicity studies suggest that all of the formulations are non-toxic.
Conclusions
Lipogels demonstrate appropriate technological features and improved performance compared with the traditional ointment with regard to their composition. Lipogels may represent a new bio-based topical system for SA delivery. The use of ‘green’ excipients leads to ‘skin-friendly’ formulations that are able to satisfy environmental safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Langasco
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanna Rassu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paolo Giunchedi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Özgen Özer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elisabetta Gavini
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Gupta A, Eral HB, Hatton TA, Doyle PS. Nanoemulsions: formation, properties and applications. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:2826-41. [PMID: 26924445 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02958a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 621] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanoemulsions are kinetically stable liquid-in-liquid dispersions with droplet sizes on the order of 100 nm. Their small size leads to useful properties such as high surface area per unit volume, robust stability, optically transparent appearance, and tunable rheology. Nanoemulsions are finding application in diverse areas such as drug delivery, food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and material synthesis. Additionally, they serve as model systems to understand nanoscale colloidal dispersions. High and low energy methods are used to prepare nanoemulsions, including high pressure homogenization, ultrasonication, phase inversion temperature and emulsion inversion point, as well as recently developed approaches such as bubble bursting method. In this review article, we summarize the major methods to prepare nanoemulsions, theories to predict droplet size, physical conditions and chemical additives which affect droplet stability, and recent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Gupta
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - H Burak Eral
- Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands and Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - T Alan Hatton
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Silva SAME, Lacerda R, Bernegossi J, Chorilli M, Leonardi GR. Development of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems with olive vegetable oil for cutaneous application. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502016000100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Liquid-Crystalline Systems represent active compounds delivery systems that may be able to overcome the physical barrier of the skin, especially represented by the stratum corneum. To obtain these systems, aqueous and oily components are used with surfactants. Of the different association structures in such systems, the liquid-crystalline offer numerous advantages to a topical product. This manuscript presents the development of liquid-crystalline systems consisting, in which the oil component is olive oil, its rheological characterizations, and the location of liquid crystals in its phase map. Cytotoxic effects were evaluated using J-774 mouse macrophages as the cellular model. A phase diagram to mix three components with different proportions was constructed. Two liquid crystalline areas were found with olive oil in different regions in the ternary diagram with two nonionic surfactants, called SLC1 (S1) and SLC2 (S2). These systems showed lamellar liquid crystals that remained stable during the entire analysis time. The systems were also characterized rheologically with pseudoplastic behavior without thixotropy. The texture and bioadhesion assays showed that formulations were similar statistically (p < 0.05), indicating that the increased amount of water in S2 did not interfere with the bioadhesive properties of the systems. In vitro cytotoxic assays showed that formulations did not present cytotoxicity. Olive oil-based systems may be a promising platform for skin delivery of drugs.
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Balázs B, Vizserálek G, Berkó S, Budai-Szűcs M, Kelemen A, Sinkó B, Takács-Novák K, Szabó-Révész P, Csányi E. Investigation of the Efficacy of Transdermal Penetration Enhancers Through the Use of Human Skin and a Skin Mimic Artificial Membrane. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:1134-40. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3549(15)00172-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Salim N, Ahmad N, Musa SH, Hashim R, Tadros TF, Basri M. Nanoemulsion as a topical delivery system of antipsoriatic drugs. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14946k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoemulsion as a potential enhancer for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norazlinaliza Salim
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University Putra Malaysia
- 43400 UPM Serdang
- Malaysia
| | - Noraini Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - Siti Hajar Musa
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University Putra Malaysia
- 43400 UPM Serdang
- Malaysia
| | - Rauzah Hashim
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | | | - Mahiran Basri
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University Putra Malaysia
- 43400 UPM Serdang
- Malaysia
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Harwansh RK, Mukherjee PK, Bahadur S, Biswas R. Enhanced permeability of ferulic acid loaded nanoemulsion based gel through skin against UVA mediated oxidative stress. Life Sci 2015; 141:202-11. [PMID: 26437269 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The study was aimed to develop a ferulic acid (FA) loaded nanoemulsion based gel in order to ensure the enhanced permeability and maximum antioxidant activity against UVA induced oxidative stress in rat. MAIN METHODS The optimized ferulic acid loaded nanoemulsion 3 (FA-NE3) was prepared by spontaneous nano-emulsification method with an appropriate ratio (20:30:50% w/w) of the oil (isostearyl isostearate), aqueous system and Smix [surfactant (labrasol) and co-surfactant (plurol isostearique)] respectively. FA-NE3 was characterized by measuring their droplet size, zeta potential, refractive index, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet (UV), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and rheological characteristics. Ex vivo skin permeation and in vivo UVA protection activity of FA-NE3 based nano-gels (FA-NG3) along with placebo were studied through the rat skin. KEY FINDINGS FA-NE3 exhibited sustained-release profile, better permeability and ultraviolet A (UVA) protection activity as compared to conventional dosage form. This phenomenon may be attributed towards increased solubility of the drug and enhanced permeability from nanoemulsion. FA-NE3 based nanogel (FA-NG3) could elevate the level of skin marker enzymes against oxidative stress mediated by UVA. SIGNIFICANCE The gel formulation exhibited significant (P<0.01) skin permeability and antioxidant activity in the current investigations. The nanogel could be promising nanocarriers for topical delivery of FA in response to better skin protection activity against UVA rays in a sustained manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit K Harwansh
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Pulok K Mukherjee
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Shiv Bahadur
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Rajarshi Biswas
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
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Abstract
Ceramide 3 is used mainly as a moisturizer in various cosmetic products. Although several safety studies on formulations containing pseudo-ceramide or ceramide have been conducted at the preclinical and clinical levels for regulatory approval, no studies have evaluated the systemic toxicity of ceramide 3. To address this issue, we conducted a risk assessment and comprehensive toxicological review of ceramide and pseudo-ceramide. We assumed that ceramide 3 is present in various personal and cosmetic products at concentrations of 0.5-10%. Based on previously reported exposure data, the margin of safety (MOS) was calculated for product type, use pattern, and ceramide 3 concentration. Lipsticks with up to 10% ceramide 3 (MOS = 4111) are considered safe, while shampoos containing 0.5% ceramide 3 (MOS = 148) are known to be safe. Reported MOS values for body lotion applied to the hands (1% ceramide 3) and back (5% ceramide 3) were 103 and 168, respectively. We anticipate that face cream would be safe up to a ceramide 3 concentration of 3% (MOS = 149). Collectively, the MOS approach indicated no safety concerns for cosmetic products containing less than 1% ceramide 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Min Choi
- Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Changan-ku, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Mu Lee
- Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Changan-ku, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 440-746, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the nanoemulgel as transdermal delivery system for poorly water soluble drug, ketoprofen, in order to overcome the troubles associated with its oral delivery. Different nanoemulsion components (oil, surfactant, and cosurfactant) were selected on the basis of solubility and emulsification ability. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed using titration method to figure out the concentration range of components. Carbomer 940 was added as gel matrix to convert nanoemulsion into nanoemulgel. Drug loaded nanoemulsions and nanoemulgels were characterized for particle size, TEM, viscosity, conductivity, spreadability, rheological behavior, and permeation studies using Wistar rat skin and stability studies. Transdermal permeation of ketoprofen from nanoemulgels was determined by using Franz diffusion cell. Nanoemulgel containing 6% oleic acid as oil, 35% Tween 80, and Transcutol P as surfactant cosurfactant mixture, 56.5% water, 2.5% drug, and 0.6% carbomer was concluded as optimized formulation (NG6). The ex vivo permeation profile of optimized formulation was compared with nanoemulsion and marketed formulation (Fastum). Nanoemulgel showed significantly higher (P<0.05) cumulative amount of drug permeated and flux along with lower lag time and skin retention than marketed formulation. Thus, the study substantiated that nanoemulgel formulation can be used as a feasible alternative to conventional formulations of ketoprofen with advanced permeation characteristics for transdermal application.
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Suzuki K, Nishiyama K, Takeuchi E, Shim S, Satoh S. Preparation of polystyrene nanoparticles including fluorescent and hydrophobic materials by polymerization at phase inversion temperature. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Suzuki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; University of Fukui; 3-9-1 Fukui Japan 910-8507
| | - Kohei Nishiyama
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; University of Fukui; 3-9-1 Fukui Japan 910-8507
| | - Eiki Takeuchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; University of Fukui; 3-9-1 Fukui Japan 910-8507
| | - Sunwoo Shim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; University of Fukui; 3-9-1 Fukui Japan 910-8507
| | - Shuzaemon Satoh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; University of Fukui; 3-9-1 Fukui Japan 910-8507
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Ren Q, Deng C, Meng L, Chen Y, Chen L, Sha X, Fang X. In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo evaluation of the effect of saturated fat acid chain length on the transdermal behavior of ibuprofen-loaded microemulsions. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:1680-91. [PMID: 24700251 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of the saturated fatty acid (FA) chain length in the oil phase on the behavior of Ibuprofen (IBU)-loaded transdermal microemulsion (ME) was evaluated in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. Three oils classified as long (LFA), medium (MFA), and short (SFA) chain length oils, Cremophor RH40 (surfactant) and Transcutol P (cosurfactant) were selected after experimental optimization. The physicochemical properties of ME were characterized, including IBU solubility in excipients, pseudo-ternary phase diagram construction, particle size, zeta potential, viscosity, and stability. Permeation flux and residual amount of IBU ex vivo using Franz cell system occurred in the following order: MFA-based ME > LFA-based ME > SFA-based ME, which correlated well with the results of confocal scanning laser microscopy study and the in vivo retention study. The results of in vitro cytotoxicity study and skin irritation tests measured by differential scanning calorimetry were ranked in the following order: LFA-based ME > MFA-based ME > SFA-based ME. Moreover, MFA-based ME has the highest analgesic activity among all the treatment groups. MFA was found to be an optimal oil phase with appropriate FA chain length for IBU-loaded transdermal ME, which exhibited excellent physicochemical properties, low toxicity, and good permeability profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Ren
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Dhawan B, Aggarwal G, Harikumar SL. Enhanced transdermal permeability of piroxicam through novel nanoemulgel formulation. Int J Pharm Investig 2014; 4:65-76. [PMID: 25006551 PMCID: PMC4083536 DOI: 10.4103/2230-973x.133053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug belongs to BCS class II drugs having poor solubility and is associated with a number of undesirable side-effects on the stomach and kidneys in addition to gastric mucosal damage. AIM The present work was to develop and characterize nanoemulgel formulation as transdermal delivery system for poorly water soluble drug, in order to overcome the troubles associated with its oral delivery and to circumvent the need of chemical penetration enhancers, which are responsible for causing skin irritation in transdermal drug delivery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Different nanoemulsion components (oil, surfactant and co-surfactant) were selected on the basis of solubility and emulsification ability. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed using aqueous titration method to figure out the concentration range of components. Carbopol 934 was added as gel matrix to convert nanoemulsion into nanoemulgel. Drug loaded nanoemulsions and nanoemulgels were characterized for particle size, transmission electron microscopy, viscosity, conductivity, spreadability, rheological behavior, permeation studies using Wistar rat skin and stability studies. Transdermal permeation of piroxicam from nanoemulgels was determined by using Franz Diffusion cell. RESULTS The optimized nanoemulgel (BG6) contained 10% oleic acid as oil, 35% tween 80 and ethanol as surfactant co-surfactant mixture, 55% water, 0.5% drug and 0.5% w/w carbopol. The ex vivo permeation profile of optimized formulation was compared with nanoemulsion and marketed formulation (Feldene(®)). Nanoemulgel showed higher (P < 0.05) cumulative amount of drug permeated and flux and significantly less drug retained along with less lag time than marketed formulation. CONCLUSION The results indicate that nanoemulgel formulation can be used as a feasible alternative to conventional formulations of piroxicam with advanced permeation characteristics for transdermal application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavna Dhawan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rayat and Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Sahauran, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Geeta Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rayat and Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Sahauran, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - SL Harikumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rayat and Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Sahauran, Mohali, Punjab, India
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Kirkham S, Lam S, Nester C, Hashmi F. The effect of hydration on the risk of friction blister formation on the heel of the foot. Skin Res Technol 2014; 20:246-53. [DOI: 10.1111/srt.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Kirkham
- School of Health Sciences; Centre for Health Sciences Research; University of Salford; Manchester UK
| | - Sharon Lam
- School of Health Sciences; Centre for Health Sciences Research; University of Salford; Manchester UK
- Reckitt Benckiser; Hull UK
| | - Christopher Nester
- School of Health Sciences; Centre for Health Sciences Research; University of Salford; Manchester UK
| | - Farina Hashmi
- School of Health Sciences; Centre for Health Sciences Research; University of Salford; Manchester UK
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63
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Pyun HB, Kim M, Park J, Sakai Y, Numata N, Shin JY, Shin HJ, Kim DU, Hwang JK. Effects of Collagen Tripeptide Supplement on Photoaging and Epidermal Skin Barrier in UVB-exposed Hairless Mice. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2014; 17:245-53. [PMID: 24471092 PMCID: PMC3866733 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2012.17.4.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen tripeptide (CTP) is a functional food material with several biological effects such as improving dry skin and wound and bone fracture healing. This study focused on the anti-photoaging effects of CTP on a hairless mouse model. To evaluate the effects of CTP on UVB-induced skin wrinkle formation in vivo, the hairless mice were exposed to UVB radiation with oral administration of CTP for 14 weeks. Compared with the untreated UVB control group, mice treated with CTP showed significantly reduced wrinkle formation, skin thickening, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Skin hydration and hydroxyproline were increased in the CTP-treated group. Moreover, oral administration of CTP prevented UVB-induced MMP-3 and -13 activities as well as MMP-2 and -9 expressions. Oral administration of CTP increased skin elasticity and decreased abnormal elastic fiber formation. Erythema was also decreased in the CTP-treated group. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that CTP has potential as an anti-photoaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Bong Pyun
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Jieun Park
- Department of Biotechnology, and College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Yasuo Sakai
- Central Research Institute, Jellice Co., Ltd., Sendai, Miyagi 984-0826, Japan
| | - Noriaki Numata
- Central Research Institute, Jellice Co., Ltd., Sendai, Miyagi 984-0826, Japan
| | - Jin-Yeong Shin
- Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Gyeonggi 446-729, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Shin
- Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Gyeonggi 446-729, Korea
| | - Do-Un Kim
- Food R&D Center, Newtree Co., Ltd, Gyeonggi, 462-120, Korea
| | - Jae-Kwan Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea ; Department of Biotechnology, and College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Berkó S, Maroda M, Bodnár M, Erős G, Hartmann P, Szentner K, Szabó-Révész P, Kemény L, Borbély J, Csányi E. Advantages of cross-linked versus linear hyaluronic acid for semisolid skin delivery systems. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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65
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Jung JY, Nam EH, Park SH, Han SH, Hwang CY. Clinical use of a ceramide-based moisturizer for treating dogs with atopic dermatitis. J Vet Sci 2013; 14:199-205. [PMID: 23814473 PMCID: PMC3694192 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2013.14.2.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, skin barrier dysfunction is thought to be responsible for enhanced penetration of allergens. Similar to conditions seen in humans, canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is characterized by derangement of corneocytes and disorganization of intercellular lipids in the stratum corenum (SC) with decreased ceramide levels. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of a moisturizer containing ceramide on dogs with CAD. Dogs (n = 20, 3~8 years old) with mild to moderate clinical signs were recruited and applied a moisturizer containing ceramide for 4 weeks. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration, pruritus index for canine atopic dermatitis (PICAD) scores, and canine atopic dermatitis extent and severity index (CADESI) scores of all dogs were evaluated. Skin samples from five dogs were also examined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using ruthenium tetroxide. TEWL, PICAD, and CADESI values decreased (p < 0.05) and skin hydration increased dramatically over time (p < 0.05). Electron micrographs showed that the skin barrier of all five dogs was partially restored (p < 0.05). In conclusion, these results demonstrated that moisturizer containing ceramide was effective for treating skin barrier dysfunction and CAD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-young Jung
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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66
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Hua W, Xie H, Chen T, Li L. Comparison of two series of non-invasive instruments used for the skin physiological properties measurements: the ‘Soft Plus’ from Callegari S.p.A vs. the series of detectors from Courage & Khazaka. Skin Res Technol 2013; 20:74-80. [PMID: 23772826 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Hua
- Department of Dermatovenereology; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - H. Xie
- Department of Dermatovenereology; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - T. Chen
- Department of Dermatovenereology; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - L. Li
- Department of Dermatovenereology; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
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Wu Y, Li YH, Gao XH, Chen HD. The application of nanoemulsion in dermatology: an overview. J Drug Target 2013; 21:321-7. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2013.765442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Wolff D, ter Veld F, Köhler T, Poetsch A. Combined application of targeted and untargeted proteomics identifies distinct metabolic alterations in the tetraacetylphytosphingosine (TAPS) producing yeast Wickerhamomyces ciferrii. J Proteomics 2013; 82:274-87. [PMID: 23500128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The Wickerhamomyces ciferrii strain NRRL Y-1031 F-60-10A is a well-known producer of tetraacetylphytosphingosine (TAPS) and used for the biotechnological production of sphingolipids and ceramides. It was our aim to gain new biological insights into the sphingolipid metabolism by employing a dual platform mass spectrometry strategy. The first step comprised metabolic (15)N-labeling in combination with label-free proteomics using high resolution LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Then selected reaction monitoring tandem mass spectrometry served for the targeted quantification of sphingoid base biosynthesis enzymes. The non-producer strain NRRL Y-1031-27 served as a reference strain. In total, 1697 proteins were identified, and 123 enzymes of main metabolic pathways were observed as differentially expressed. Major findings were: 1) the likely presence of higher carbon flux in NRRL Y-1031 F-60-10A, resulting in higher availability of pyruvate and acetyl-CoA; 2) indications of oleaginous yeast-like behavior in NRRL Y-1031 F-60-10A; and 3) approx. 2-fold higher abundance of eight sphingolipid biosynthesis enzymes in NRRL Y-1031 F-60-10A. Taken together, in NRRL Y-1031 F-60-10A, the levels of glycolytic enzymes apparently gear carbon flux towards higher acetyl-CoA synthesis rates, while simultaneously reducing protein biosynthesis in the process. Thereby, C2 building blocks for acyl-moieties and downstream sphingoid base acetylation are provided to maintain TAPS production. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE First quantitative proteome study for a phytosphingosine-producing yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wolff
- Dept. of Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
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Production of tetraacetyl phytosphingosine (TAPS) in Wickerhamomyces ciferrii is catalyzed by acetyltransferases Sli1p and Atf2p. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:8537-46. [PMID: 23318835 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Wickerhamomyces ciferrii secretes tetraacetyl phytosphingosine (TAPS), and in this study, the catalyzing acetyltransferases were identified using mass spectrometry-based proteomics. The proteome of wild-type strain NRRL Y-1031 served as control and was compared to the tetraacetyl phytosphingosine defective mating type NRRL Y-1031-27. Acetylation of phytosphingosine in W. ciferrii is catalyzed by acetyltransferases Sli1p and Atf2p, encoded by genes similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae YGR212W and YGR177C, respectively. Ablation of SLI1 resulted in an almost complete loss of tri- and tetraacetyl phytosphingosines, whereas the loss ATF2 resulted in an 15-fold increase in triacetyl phytosphingosine. Most likely, it is the concerted action of these two acetyltransferases that yields tetraacetyl phytosphingosine, in which Sli1p catalyzes initial O- and N-acetylation, producing triacetyl phytosphingosine. Finally, Atf2p catalyzes final O-acetylation to yield tetraacetyl phytosphingosine. The current study demonstrates that mass spectrometry-based proteomics can be employed to identify key steps in ill-explored metabolite biosynthesis pathways of nonconventional microorganisms. Furthermore, the identification of phytosphingosine as substrate for alcohol acetyltransferase Atf2p broadens the known substrate range of this enzyme. This interesting property of Atf2p may be exploited to enhance the secretion of heterologous compounds.
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70
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Hankins JL, Doshi UA, Haakenson JK, Young MM, Barth BM, Kester M. The therapeutic potential of nanoscale sphingolipid technologies. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2013:197-210. [PMID: 23579457 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-1368-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnologies, while small in size, widen the scope of drug delivery options for compounds with problematic pharmacokinetics, such as bioactive sphingolipids. We describe the development of historical sphingolipid nanotechnologies, such as nanoliposomes, and project future uses for a broad repertoire of nanoscale sphingolipid therapy formulations. In particular, we describe sphingo-nanotherapies for treatment of cancer, inflammatory disease, and cardiovascular disease. We conclude with a discussion of the challenges associated with regulatory approval, scale-up, and development of these nanotechnology therapies for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody L Hankins
- Department of Pharmacology, R130, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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71
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Maali A, Mosavian MTH. Preparation and Application of Nanoemulsions in the Last Decade (2000–2010). J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2011.648498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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72
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Lim CJ, Basri M, Omar D, Abdul Rahman MB, Salleh AB, Raja Abdul Rahman RNZ. Green nanoemulsion-laden glyphosate isopropylamine formulation in suppressing creeping foxglove (A. gangetica), slender button weed (D. ocimifolia) and buffalo grass (P. conjugatum). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2013; 69:104-11. [PMID: 22865686 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticides are developed with carriers to improve their physicochemical properties and, accordingly, the bioefficacy of the applied formulation. For foliar-applied herbicide, generally less than 0.1% of the active ingredient reaching the target site could reduce pesticide performance. Recently, a carrier of nanoemulsion consisting of oil, surfactant and water, with a particle size of less than 200 nm, has been shown to enhance drug permeability for skin penetration in pharmaceutical delivery systems. In the present work, the aim was to formulate a water-soluble herbicide, glyphosate isopropylamine (IPA), using a green nanoemulsion system for a biological activity study against the weeds creeping foxglove, slender button weed and buffalo grass. RESULTS The nanoemulsion formulations displayed a significantly lower spray deposition on creeping foxglove (2.9-3.5 ng cm(-2) ), slender button weed (2.6-2.9 ng cm(-2) ) and buffalo grass (1.8-2.4 ng cm(-2) ) than Roundup(®) (3.7-5.1 ng cm(-2) ). The visible injury rates of weeds treated with the nanoemulsion formulations were statistically equivalent to those relating to Roundup(®) at 14 days after treatment, with a control range of 86.67-96.67%. CONCLUSION It was hypothesised that the significant difference in spray deposition with equal injury rates can be attributed to enhanced bioactivity of the nanoemulsion formulations. This initial discovery could be the platform for developing better penetration of agrochemical formulations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaw Jiang Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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73
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Rodríguez G, Rubio L, Barba C, López-Iglesias C, de la Maza A, López O, Cócera M. Characterization of new DOPC/DHPC platform for dermal applications. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2012; 42:333-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-012-0878-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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74
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Sugimoto S, Ishii Y, Izawa N, Masuoka N, Kano M, Sone T, Chiba K, Miyazaki K, Ishikawa F. Photoprotective effects ofBifidobacterium brevesupplementation against skin damage induced by ultraviolet irradiation in hairless mice. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2012; 28:312-9. [DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saho Sugimoto
- Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Research Department; Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Yuki Ishii
- Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Research Department; Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Naoki Izawa
- Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Research Department; Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Norie Masuoka
- Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Research Department; Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Kano
- Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Research Department; Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Toshiro Sone
- Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Research Department; Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Chiba
- Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Research Department; Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Kouji Miyazaki
- Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Research Department; Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Fumiyasu Ishikawa
- Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Research Department; Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research; Tokyo; Japan
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75
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Borcan F, Soica CM, Ganta S, Amiji MM, Dehelean CA, Munteanu MF. Synthesis and preliminary in vivo evaluations of polyurethane microstructures for transdermal drug delivery. Chem Cent J 2012; 6:87. [PMID: 22892194 PMCID: PMC3483215 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-6-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polymers have been considered as important materials in fabrication of microstructures for various medical purposes including drug delivery. This study evaluates polyurethane as material for hollow microstructures preparation. Results Polyurethane microstructures were obtained by interfacial polyaddition combined with spontaneous emulsification and present slightly acid pH values. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the existence of irregular shapes and agglomerated microstructures. The material is heat resistant up to 280°C. Good results were recorded on murine skin tests in case of polyurethane microstructures based on isophorone diisocyanate. Mesenchymal stem cells viability presents good results for the same sample after 48 hours based on the Alamar Blue test. Conclusions The research revealed the reduced noxiousness of this type of microstructures and consequently the possibility of their use for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florin Borcan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd E, Murgu Sq,, Timisoara, 300041, Romania.
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76
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Baspinar Y, Borchert HH. Penetration and release studies of positively and negatively charged nanoemulsions—Is there a benefit of the positive charge? Int J Pharm 2012; 430:247-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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77
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Shakeel F, Shafiq S, Haq N, Alanazi FK, Alsarra IA. Nanoemulsions as potential vehicles for transdermal and dermal delivery of hydrophobic compounds: an overview. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2012; 9:953-74. [PMID: 22703228 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2012.696605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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78
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Nam YS, Kim JW, Park J, Shim J, Lee JS, Han SH. Tocopheryl acetate nanoemulsions stabilized with lipid–polymer hybrid emulsifiers for effective skin delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 94:51-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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79
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Maia Campos PMBG, de Camargo Júnior FB, de Andrade JP, Gaspar LR. Efficacy of Cosmetic Formulations Containing Dispersion of Liposome with Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Kinetin. Photochem Photobiol 2012; 88:748-52. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2012.01086.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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80
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Ahmad N, Ramsch R, Esquena J, Solans C, Tajuddin HA, Hashim R. Physicochemical characterization of natural-like branched-chain glycosides toward formation of hexosomes and vesicles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:2395-2403. [PMID: 22168405 DOI: 10.1021/la203736b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic branched-chain glycolipids have become of great interest in biomimicking research, since they provide a suitable alternative for natural glycolipids, which are difficult to extract from natural resources. Therefore, branched-chain glycolipids obtained by direct syntheses are of utmost interest. In this work, two new branched-chain glycolipids are presented, namely, 2-hexyldecyl β(α)-D-glucoside (2-HDG) and 2-hexyldecyl β(α)-D-maltoside (2-HDM) based on glucose and maltose, respectively. The self-assembly properties of these glycolipids have been studied, observing the phase behavior under thermotropic and lyotropic conditions. Due to their amphiphilic characteristics, 2-HDG and 2-HDM possess rich phase behavior in dry form and in aqueous dispersions. In the thermotropic study, 2-HDG formed a columnar hexagonal liquid crystalline phase, whereas in a binary aqueous system, 2-HDG formed an inverted hexagonal liquid crystalline phase in equilibrium with excess aqueous solution. Furthermore, aqueous dispersions of the hexagonal liquid crystal could be obtained, dispersions known as hexosomes. On the other hand, 2-HDM formed a lamellar liquid crystalline phase (smectic A) in thermotropic conditions, whereas multilamellar vesicles have been observed in equilibrium with aqueous media. Surprisingly, 2-HDM mixed with sodium dodecyl sulfate or aerosol OT induced the formation of more stable unilamellar vesicles. Thus, the branched-chain glycolipids 2-HDG and 2-HDM not only provided alternative nonionic surfactants with rich phase behavior and versatile nanostructures, but also could be used as new drug carrier systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noraini Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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81
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Saraceno R, Chiricozzi A, Gabellini M, Chimenti S. Emerging applications of nanomedicine in dermatology. Skin Res Technol 2011; 19:e13-9. [PMID: 22175818 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2011.00601.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanotechnology is a new branch of engineering consisting of the usage of nanoscale particles (100 nm and smaller). Nanomedicine is the application of nanoscale technologies for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in medicine. Nanodermatology, nanotechnology applied to dermatology, represents one of the most advanced field for which an increasing interest, both economic and scientific, is rising. The skin is the first point of contact for a whole host of nanomaterials, ranging from topical preparations, articles of clothing and household products, to sporting goods and industrial manufactured goods. Applications of nanomedicine in dermatology include new direction in medical diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. Gold nanoparticle, quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles are used in non-invasive nanoimaging of high-resolution dermoscopy, microscopy, nanopunch, and spectroscopy, offering advanced diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. Nanotherapeutics has been considered in immunotherapy, genetherapy, and drug therapy. In drug therapy, because of size reduction or encapsulation of drug particles, the therapeutic potential of water insoluble and unstable drugs improve, and also facilitate the delivery of small molecules across blood, skin, nails, and pilosebaceous unit. AIMS To review therapeutic applications and benefits of nanomedicine in esthetic dermatology, treatment of malignancies, and inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Saraceno
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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82
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Mei Z, Liu S, Wang L, Jiang J, Xu J, Sun D. Preparation of positively charged oil/water nano-emulsions with a sub-PIT method. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 361:565-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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83
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Kim DM, Hyun SS, Yun P, Lee CH, Byun SY. Identification of an emulsifier and conditions for preparing stable nanoemulsions containing the antioxidant astaxanthin. Int J Cosmet Sci 2011; 34:64-73. [PMID: 21883294 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2011.00682.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, oil-in-water nanoemulsions of astaxanthin were prepared by high-pressure homogenization. The influence of emulsifying conditions including emulsifier type, concentration, passing time, astaxanthin concentration and coantioxidants were optimized. The stabilities of nanoemulsions were measured using zetasizer, FF-SEM, TEM, colorimeter and particle size analyzer. The mean diameter of the dispersed particles containing astaxanthin ranged from 160 to 190 nm. The size distribution was unimodal and extended from 100 to 200 nm. The nanoemulsions prepared with glyceryl citrate/lactate/linoleate/oleate (glyceryl ester) had smaller particle size and narrower size distribution than the emulsion prepared with hydrogenated lecithin. Stable incorporation of astaxanthin in nanoemulsion was performed and checked using HPLC, FF-SEM and TEM. The nanoemulsion was not significantly affected during storage under light and thermal condition for one month indicating that the nanoemulsion had a zeta potential of less than -41 mV, indicating a stable colloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- D-M Kim
- Cosmetic R&D Center, 183-5, Dodang-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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84
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Guillou S, Ghabri S, Jannot C, Gaillard E, Lamour I, Boisnic S. The moisturizing effect of a wheat extract food supplement on women's skin: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Int J Cosmet Sci 2011; 33:138-43. [PMID: 20646083 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2010.00600.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Ceramides, specific lipid components of the skin, represent 35-40% of the intercellular cement binding cells together and contributing to skin hydration. A wheat extract rich in ceramides and digalactosyl-diglycerides was developed by Hitex in two forms: wheat extract oil (WEO) and wheat extract powder (WEP). In vitro tests and two clinical studies demonstrated promising efficacy results with WEP on skin hydration. To confirm these early results, a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was carried out on 51 women aged 20-63 years with dry to very dry skin who received either 350 mg of WEO or placebo for 3 months. Evaluation of skin hydration on legs, arms and face, assessed at baseline (D0) and at study end (D84) was performed by the dermatologist using dermatological scores (dryness, roughness, erythema), skin hydration measurement (corneometry) and self-assessment scores (Visual Analogue Scale: VAS). Perceived efficacy was noted by participants throughout the study; tolerability and overall acceptability of the study products were evaluated by the dermatologist and the participants at the end of study. Skin hydration was significantly increased between D0 and D84 on the arms (P < 0.001) and legs (P = 0.012) in the WEO group compared with placebo. Even if no significant statistical differences between groups were observed for the dermatological evaluation, skin dryness and redness tended to be reduced in the WEO group. Moreover, from D0 to D84, the VAS index had a tendency to increase in favour of WEO for the overall skin hydration (P = 0.084) indicating that participants perceived an improvement. The WEO capsules were perceived by participants as being more effective than placebo on all skin dryness signs. In conclusion, WEO capsules were well tolerated and appreciated. After 3 months' treatment, a significant increase in skin hydration and an improvement in associated clinical signs were observed in women with dry skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guillou
- PROCLAIM, Parc d'affaire de la Bretèche, Saint-Grégoire, France
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85
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Kim JH, Kim BY, Choi JW, Kim SO, Lee HS, Park KC, Youn SW. The objective evaluation of the severity of psoriatic scales with desquamation collecting tapes and image analysis. Skin Res Technol 2011; 18:143-50. [PMID: 21507073 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2011.00545.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of psoriatic scales is important to determine the severity of psoriasis. However, there are very limited numbers of objective, quantitative and observer-independent tools for measuring the severity of psoriasis. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the bioengineering parameters of the psoriatic scale can be used to assess the severity of psoriasis instead of the psoriatic severity index of scales (PSIs) score. METHODS Thirty-four patients with psoriasis were included. A representative lesion from each patient was selected and bioengineering parameters were measured using the Corneofix(®). Simultaneously, the severity of the scales was assessed by the PSIs score using clinical photographs of the lesions. In addition, skin color and elasticity parameters were also measured using the Colorimeter(®), the Mexameter(®) and the Cutometer(®). RESULTS Statistical differences in the scale parameters were observed between the PSIs 2 and 3 scores. Among the scale parameters, the percent area and area in μm(2) were negatively correlated with the PSIs score. In addition, the Colorimeter(®) a, b parameters and the Cutometer(®) R9 parameters were significantly correlated with the PSIs score. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed that the severity of psoriatic scales could be measured objectively using the Corneofix(®).
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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86
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Daocheng W, Mingxi W. Preparation of the core-shell structure adriamycin lipiodol microemulsions and their synergistic anti-tumor effects with diethyldithiocarbamate in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2011; 64:615-23. [PMID: 20888179 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We prepared the core-shell structure adriamycin lipiodol microemulsions (ADM-CSLMs) and evaluated their in vivo antitumor effects in combination with Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC). Two types of ADM-CSLMs, adriamycin liposome-lipiodol microemulsion(ADM-LLM) and adriamycin microsphere lipiodol microemulsion (ADM-MLM), were prepared through the emulsification method. The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of ADM-CSLMs were measured by the high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). The size and shape of the ADM-CSLMs were determined by an atom force microscopy (AFM), a transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and a particle size analyzer, respectively. The synergistic effects of DDC and ADM-CSLMs for cancer treatment of carcinoma drug-resistance cell was evaluated by the MTT method, the activation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was detected by chemiluminescence, and the ADM accumulation in cells was measured by flow cytometry. Walker-256 carcinoma was transplanted to the livers of the male SD rats, ADM-CSLMs were administrated to the livers of the rats by intervention hepatic artery embolization through microsurgery. The tumor growth and animal survival were evaluated. The results show that the average diameter of ADM-LLM and ADM-MLM were 4.23 ± 1.2 μm and 4.67 ± 1.4 μm, respectively, and their ADM encapsulation efficiency were 83.7% and 87.2% with respect to loading efficiency of 82 μg/ml and 91 μg/ml. The tumor growth and animal survival in two of the ADM-CSLMs combined with DDC groups were significantly higher than that of ADM only treatment, ADM liposome combined with DDC (P < 0.01), as well as the ADM microsphere combined with DDC (P < 0.01). Therefore, ADM-CSLMs are useful carriers for the treatment of carcinoma and their anti-tumor effect can be enhanced by DDC in a suitable concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Daocheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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87
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Na JI, Hwang JS, Park HJ, Kim DH, Park WS, Youn SW, Huh CH, Park KC. A new moisturizer containing physiologic lipid granules alleviates atopic dermatitis. J DERMATOL TREAT 2010; 21:23-7. [PMID: 19626524 DOI: 10.3109/09546630903085336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with atopic dermatitis show a defective barrier function. In atopic skin, ceramide is significantly decreased and the secretion of lamellar bodies is also impaired. To mimic lamellar bodies, we prepared lipid granules composed of ceramide, fatty acids and cholesterol. Because these lipid granules contain multiple lamellar structures, it is expected that they will have superior affinity to skin; hence, they should have a good moisturizing effect. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of moisturizer containing lipid granules on atopic dermatitis. METHODS Patients with mild atopic dermatitis (n = 30, aged 5-19 years) were recruited and instructed to apply a moisturizer containing physiologic lipid granules for 4 weeks. The SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) score and general symptoms were evaluated. In addition, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and stratum corneum (SC) hydration were also measured. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients completed the study. The SCORAD value decreased dramatically after 4 weeks of moisturizer application (p = 0.000). The general symptoms of atopic dermatitis were also greatly improved. At baseline, most patients reported their symptoms as mild and moderate, but after 4 weeks 20 of the patients (69%) had no symptoms. The TEWL was not changed, but the SC hydration increased significantly (p = 0.000). No significant adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS Moisturizer containing lipid granules effectively controlled atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Im Na
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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88
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Puglia C, Rizza L, Drechsler M, Bonina F. Nanoemulsions as vehicles for topical administration of glycyrrhetic acid: characterization and in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Drug Deliv 2010; 17:123-9. [PMID: 20136625 DOI: 10.3109/10717540903581679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-emulsions are innovative colloidal systems characterized by high kinetic stability, low viscosity, and optical transparency, which make them very attractive in many dermatological applications. Furthermore their small size seems to favor the topical administration of actives which scarcely cross the skin. In the light of these interesting features, the present study was aimed to the evaluation, in vitro and in vivo, of glycyrrhetic acid (GA) release through the skin from the nanoemulsion system. GA-loaded nanoemulsion (GA(N)) was prepared by phase inversion temperature (PIT) method, and was characterized in order to determine mean droplet size and its stability during a well-defined storage period. Further Cryo-TEM studies were performed to obtain information regarding nanoemulsion structure. The GA release pattern from nanoemulsion was evaluated in vitro, to determine its percutaneous absorption through excised human skin (stratum corneum and epidermis, SCE), and in vivo evaluating GA topical anti-inflammatory activity on healthy human volunteers by the UVB-induced erythema model. Nanoemulsions prepared by PIT method showed a mean droplet diameter of 210 nm that drastically changed during a storage of 5 weeks at room temperature. In vitro and in vivo evidence showed that the nanoemulsion system significantly increased the transdermal permeability of GA in comparison to a control O/W emulsion (GA(O/W)) containing the same amount of active compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Puglia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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89
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Addor FAS, Aoki V. Barreira cutânea na dermatite atópica. An Bras Dermatol 2010; 85:184-94. [DOI: 10.1590/s0365-05962010000200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Accepted: 07/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
O estudo da barreira cutânea e de suas propriedades ganhou impulso a partir da década de 60, com estudos que apontaram sua resistência de forma isolada e suas propriedades com relação à permeação cutânea. Paralelamente, a descrição dos corpos de Odland auxiliou a compreensão da manutenção da estabilidade da camada córnea. O modelo brick & mortar, em que os corneócitos são os tijolos e o cimento são os lipídeos intercelulares, é o mais aceito, até o momento. Atualmente, há evidências consistentes de que o estrato córneo é uma estrutura metabolicamente ativa e exerce funções adaptativas. A barreira cutânea também tem um papel na resposta inflamatória, com ativação de melanócitos, angiogênese e fibroplasia, cuja intensidade depende, basicamente, da intensidade da agressão. As anormalidades da barreira cutânea da dermatite atópica são clinicamente observáveis pela presença de pele seca, achado muito frequente e significativo, que constitui parâmetro iagnóstico e de acompanhamento. O grau de hidratação da camada córnea, assim como a perda de água transepidérmica (transepidermal water loss - TEWL), estão relacionados com o grau de dano à barreira, constituindo parâmetros biofísicos que permitem acompanhar os pacientes de maneira não invasiva e com maior grau de sensibilidade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Alvim Sant'Anna Addor
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo; Universidade de Santo Amaro, Brasil
| | - Valeria Aoki
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo
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90
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Analysis of skin penetration of phytosphingosine by fluorescence detection and influence of the thermotropic behaviour of DPPC liposomes. Int J Pharm 2010; 383:14-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2009] [Revised: 08/26/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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91
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Baspinar Y, Keck CM, Borchert HH. Development of a positively charged prednicarbate nanoemulsion. Int J Pharm 2010; 383:201-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 08/29/2009] [Accepted: 09/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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92
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Zhou H, Yue Y, Liu G, Li Y, Zhang J, Gong Q, Yan Z, Duan M. Preparation and characterization of a lecithin nanoemulsion as a topical delivery system. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2009; 5:224-30. [PMID: 20652152 PMCID: PMC2894193 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-009-9469-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of this study was to establish a lecithin nanoemulsion (LNE) without any synthetic surfactant as a topical delivery vehicle and to evaluate its topical delivery potential by the following factors: particle size, morphology, viscosity, stability, skin hydration and skin penetration. Experimental results demonstrated that an increasing concentration of soybean lecithin and glycerol resulted in a smaller size LNE droplet and increasing viscosity, respectively. The droplet size of optimized LNE, with the glycerol concentration above 75% (w/w), changed from 92 (F10) to 58 nm (F14). Additionally, LNE, incorporated into o/w cream, improved the skin hydration capacity of the cream significantly with about 2.5-fold increase when the concentration of LNE reached 10%. LNE was also demonstrated to improve the penetrability of Nile red (NR) dye into the dermis layer, when an o/w cream, incorporated with NR-loaded LNE, applied on the abdominal skin of rat in vivo. Specifically, the arbitrary unit (ABU) of fluorescence in the dermis layer that had received the cream with a NR-loaded LNE was about 9.9-fold higher than the cream with a NR-loaded general emulsion (GE). These observations suggest that LNE could be used as a promising topical delivery vehicle for lipophilic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafeng Zhou
- State-Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane, Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Jiangsu Longliqi Bioscience Co., Ltd., 215555, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Yue
- State-Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane, Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Guanlan Liu
- State-Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane, Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- State-Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane, Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State-Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane, Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Qiu Gong
- State-Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane, Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Zemin Yan
- Jiangsu Longliqi Bioscience Co., Ltd., 215555, Suzhou, China
| | - Mingxing Duan
- State-Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane, Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
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93
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Electroorganic synthesis in oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion: TEMPO-mediated electrooxidation of amphiphilic alcohols in water. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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94
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Highly fluorescent ethyl cellulose nanoparticles containing embedded semiconductor nanocrystals. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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95
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Barbosa-Barros L, Barba C, Rodríguez G, Cócera M, Coderch L, López-Iglesias C, de la Maza A, López O. Lipid Nanostructures: Self-Assembly and Effect on Skin Properties. Mol Pharm 2009; 6:1237-45. [DOI: 10.1021/mp9000734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Barbosa-Barros
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y de Tensioactivos, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, BM16, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France, and Serveis Cientificotècnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/ Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. Barba
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y de Tensioactivos, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, BM16, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France, and Serveis Cientificotècnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/ Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - G. Rodríguez
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y de Tensioactivos, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, BM16, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France, and Serveis Cientificotècnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/ Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Cócera
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y de Tensioactivos, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, BM16, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France, and Serveis Cientificotècnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/ Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - L. Coderch
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y de Tensioactivos, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, BM16, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France, and Serveis Cientificotècnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/ Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. López-Iglesias
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y de Tensioactivos, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, BM16, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France, and Serveis Cientificotècnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/ Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. de la Maza
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y de Tensioactivos, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, BM16, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France, and Serveis Cientificotècnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/ Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - O. López
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y de Tensioactivos, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Catalunya, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, BM16, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France, and Serveis Cientificotècnics, Universitat de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/ Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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96
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Deli G, Hatziantoniou S, Nikas Y, Demetzos C. Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanoemulsions containing ceramides: Preparation and physicochemical characterization. J Liposome Res 2009; 19:180-8. [DOI: 10.1080/08982100802702046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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97
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Spernath L, Regev O, Levi-Kalisman Y, Magdassi S. Phase transitions in O/W lauryl acrylate emulsions during phase inversion, studied by light microscopy and cryo-TEM. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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98
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Wu X, Guy R. Applications of nanoparticles in topical drug delivery and in cosmetics. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(09)50080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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99
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Huang HC, Chang TM. Ceramide 1 and ceramide 3 act synergistically on skin hydration and the transepidermal water loss of sodium lauryl sulfate-irritated skin. Int J Dermatol 2008; 47:812-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03687.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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100
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