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Mattison CP, Khurana T, Tarver MR, Florane CB, Grimm CC, Pakala SB, Cottone CB, Riegel C, Bren-Mattison Y, Slater JE. Cross-reaction between Formosan termite (Coptotermes formosanus) proteins and cockroach allergens. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182260. [PMID: 28767688 PMCID: PMC5540505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cockroach allergens can lead to serious allergy and asthma symptoms. Termites are evolutionarily related to cockroaches, cohabitate in human dwellings, and represent an increasing pest problem in the United States. The Formosan subterranean termite (Coptotermes formosanus) is one of the most common species in the southern United States. Several assays were used to determine if C. formosanus termite proteins cross-react with cockroach allergens. Expressed sequence tag and genomic sequencing results were searched for homology to cockroach allergens using BLAST 2.2.21 software. Whole termite extracts were analyzed by mass-spectrometry, immunoassay with IgG and scFv antibodies to cockroach allergens, and human IgE from serum samples of cockroach allergic patients. Expressed sequence tag and genomic sequencing results indicate greater than 60% similarity between predicted termite proteins and German and American cockroach allergens, including Bla g 2/Per a 2, Bla g 3/Per a 3, Bla g 5, Bla g 6/Per a 6, Bla g 7/Per a 7, Bla g 8, Per a 9, and Per a 10. Peptides from whole termite extract were matched to those of the tropomyosin (Bla g 7), arginine kinase (Per a 9), and myosin (Bla g 8) cockroach allergens by mass-spectrometry. Immunoblot and ELISA testing revealed cross-reaction between several proteins with IgG and IgE antibodies to cockroach allergens. Several termite proteins, including the hemocyanin and tropomyosin orthologs of Blag 3 and Bla g 7, were shown to crossreact with cockroach allergens. This work presents support for the hypothesis that termite proteins may act as allergens and the findings could be applied to future allergen characterization, epitope analysis, and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P. Mattison
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Taruna Khurana
- Division of Vaccines and Related Products Applications, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthew R. Tarver
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Christopher B. Florane
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Casey C. Grimm
- Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Suman B. Pakala
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carrie B. Cottone
- New Orleans Mosquito, Termite and Rodent Control Board, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Claudia Riegel
- New Orleans Mosquito, Termite and Rodent Control Board, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | | | - Jay E. Slater
- Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
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52
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Proteins and bioactive peptides from donkey milk: The molecular basis for its reduced allergenic properties. Food Res Int 2017; 99:41-57. [PMID: 28784499 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The legendary therapeutics properties of donkey milk have recently been supported by many clinical trials who have clearly demonstrated that, even if with adequate lipid integration, it may represent a valid natural substitute of cow milk for feeding allergic children. During the last decade many investigations by MS-based methods have been performed in order to obtain a better knowledge of donkey milk proteins. The knowledge about the primary structure of donkey milk proteins now may provide the basis for a more accurate comprehension of its potential benefits for human nutrition. In this aspect, experimental data today available clearly demonstrate that donkey milk proteins (especially casein components) are more closely related with the human homologues rather than cow counterparts. Moreover, the low allergenic properties of donkey milk with respect to cow one seem to be related to the low total protein content, the low ratio of caseins to whey fraction, and finally to the presence in almost all bovine IgE-binding linear epitopes of multiple amino acid differences with respect to the corresponding regions of donkey milk counterparts.
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53
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Fu L, Wang C, Wang Y. Seafood allergen-induced hypersensitivity at the microbiota-mucosal site: Implications for prospective probiotic use in allergic response regulation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:1512-1525. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1269719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linglin Fu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
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54
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Fernandes TJR, Costa J, Carrapatoso I, Oliveira MBPP, Mafra I. Advances on the molecular characterization, clinical relevance, and detection methods of Gadiform parvalbumin allergens. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:3281-3296. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1113157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joana Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Carrapatoso
- Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Isabel Mafra
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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55
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Allergenicity of vertebrate tropomyosins: Challenging an immunological dogma. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2017; 45:297-304. [PMID: 27789064 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
With the exception of tilapia tropomyosin, other anecdotic reports of tropomyosin recognition of vertebrate origin are generally not accompanied by clinical significance and a dogmatic idea is generally accepted about the inexistence of allergenicity of vertebrate tropomyosins, based mainly on sequence similarity evaluations with human tropomyosins. Recently, a specific work-up of a tropomyosin sensitised patient with seafood allergy, demonstrated that the IgE-recognition of tropomyosin from different fish species can be clinically relevant. We hypothesise that some vertebrate tropomyosins could be relevant allergens. The hypothesis is based on the molecular evolution of the proteins and it was tested by in silico methods. Fish, which are primitive vertebrates, could have tropomyosins similar to those of invertebrates. If the hypothesis is confirmed, tropomyosin should be included in different allergy diagnosis tools to improve the medical protocols and management of patients with digestive or cutaneous symptoms after fish intake.
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56
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Radauer C. Navigating through the Jungle of Allergens: Features and Applications of Allergen Databases. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2017; 173:1-11. [PMID: 28456806 DOI: 10.1159/000471806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing number of available data on allergenic proteins demanded the establishment of structured, freely accessible allergen databases. In this review article, features and applications of 6 of the most widely used allergen databases are discussed. The WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Database is the official resource of allergen designations. Allergome is the most comprehensive collection of data on allergens and allergen sources. AllergenOnline is aimed at providing a peer-reviewed database of allergen sequences for prediction of allergenicity of proteins, such as those planned to be inserted into genetically modified crops. The Structural Database of Allergenic Proteins (SDAP) provides a database of allergen sequences, structures, and epitopes linked to bioinformatics tools for sequence analysis and comparison. The Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) is the largest repository of T-cell, B-cell, and major histocompatibility complex protein epitopes including epitopes of allergens. AllFam classifies allergens into families of evolutionarily related proteins using definitions from the Pfam protein family database. These databases contain mostly overlapping data, but also show differences in terms of their targeted users, the criteria for including allergens, data shown for each allergen, and the availability of bioinformatics tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Radauer
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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57
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Abstract
Five years have passed since the Japanese Pediatric Guideline for Food Allergy (JPGFA) was first revised in 2011 from its original version. As many scientific papers related to food allergy have been published during the last 5 years, the second major revision of the JPGFA was carried out in 2016. In this guideline, food allergies are generally classified into four clinical types: (1) neonatal and infantile gastrointestinal allergy, (2) infantile atopic dermatitis associated with food allergy, (3) immediate-type of food allergy (urticaria, anaphylaxis, etc.), and (4) special forms of immediate-type of food allergy such as food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis and oral allergy syndrome (OAS). Much of this guideline covers the immediate-type of food allergy that is seen during childhood to adolescence. Infantile atopic dermatitis associated with food allergy type is especially important as the onset of most food allergies occurs during infancy. We have discussed the neonatal and infantile gastrointestinal allergy and special forms of immediate type food allergy types separately. Diagnostic procedures are highlighted, such as probability curves and component-resolved diagnosis, including the recent advancement utilizing antigen-specific IgE. The oral food challenge using a stepwise approach is recommended to avoid complete elimination of causative foods. Although oral immunotherapy (OIT) has not been approved as a routine treatment by nationwide insurance, we included a chapter for OIT, focusing on efficacy and problems. Prevention of food allergy is currently the focus of interest, and many changes were made based on recent evidence. Finally, the contraindication between adrenaline and antipsychotic drugs in Japan was discussed among related medical societies, and we reached an agreement that the use of adrenaline can be allowed based on the physician's discretion. In conclusion, this guideline encourages physicians to follow the principle to let patients consume causative foods in any way and as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Ebisawa
- Department of Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Komei Ito
- Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
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58
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McClain S. Bioinformatic screening and detection of allergen cross-reactive IgE-binding epitopes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28191711 PMCID: PMC5573986 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Protein allergens can be related by cross‐reactivity. Allergens that share relevant sequence can cross‐react, those lacking sufficient similarity in their IgE antibody‐binding epitopes do not cross‐react. Cross‐reactivity is based on shared epitopes that is based on shared sequence and higher level structure (charge and shape). Epitopes are important in predicting cross‐reactivity potential and may provide the potential to establish criteria that identify homology among allergens. Selected allergen's IgE‐binding epitope sequences were used to determine how the FASTA algorithm could be used to identify a threshold of significance. A statistical measure (expectation value, E‐value) was used to identify a threshold specific to identifying cross‐reactivity potential. Peanut Ara h 1 and Ara h 2, shrimp tropomyosin Pen a 1, and birch tree pollen allergen, Bet v 1 were sources of known epitopes. Each epitope or set of epitopes was inserted into random amino acid sequence to create hypothetical proteins used as queries to an allergen database. Alignments with allergens were noted for the ability to match the epitope's source allergen as well as any cross‐reactive or other homologous allergens. A FASTA expectation value range (1 × 10−5–1 × 10−6) was identified that could act as a threshold to help identify cross‐reactivity potential.
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59
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Stephen JN, Sharp MF, Ruethers T, Taki A, Campbell DE, Lopata AL. Allergenicity of bony and cartilaginous fish - molecular and immunological properties. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:300-312. [PMID: 28117510 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Allergy to bony fish is common and probably increasing world-wide. The major heat-stable pan-fish allergen, parvalbumin (PV), has been identified and characterized for numerous fish species. In contrast, there are very few reports of allergic reactions to cartilaginous fish despite widespread consumption. The molecular basis for this seemingly low clinical cross-reactivity between these two fish groups has not been elucidated. PV consists of two distinct protein lineages, α and β. The α-lineage of this protein is predominant in muscle tissue of cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes), while β-PV is abundant in muscle tissue of bony fish (Osteichthyes). The low incidence of allergic reactions to ingested rays and sharks is likely due to the lack of molecular similarity, resulting in reduced immunological cross-reactivity between the two PV lineages. Structurally and physiologically, both protein lineages are very similar; however, the amino acid homology is very low with 47-54%. Furthermore, PV from ancient fish species such as the coelacanth demonstrates 62% sequence homology to leopard shark α-PV and 70% to carp β-PV. This indicates the extent of conservation of the PV isoforms lineages across millennia. This review highlights prevalence data on fish allergy and sensitization to fish, and details the molecular diversity of the two protein lineages of the major fish allergen PV among different fish groups, emphasizing the immunological and clinical differences in allergenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Stephen
- Molecular and Cell Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia
| | - M F Sharp
- Molecular and Cell Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia
| | - T Ruethers
- Molecular and Cell Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia
| | - A Taki
- Molecular and Cell Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia
| | - D E Campbell
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - A L Lopata
- Molecular and Cell Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld, Australia
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60
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Food Allergy: What We Know Now. Am J Med Sci 2016; 353:353-366. [PMID: 28317623 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy is an adverse immune reaction that occurs reproducibly on exposure to a given food. Prevalence rates of food allergy continue to increase worldwide, sparking continual research efforts in finding a suitable and safe cure. Food avoidance, the current standard of care, can be difficult to achieve. This review aims to provide a broad overview of immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy, highlighting its epidemiology, masqueraders, immunopathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic work-up and available preventative and treatment strategies. This review also discusses novel, investigative therapies that offer promising therapeutic options, yet require continued research efforts to determine safety effects. Inducing tolerance, whether by immunotherapy or by the administration of monoclonal antibodies, allows us to move toward a cure for food allergy, which could vastly change this field of allergic diseases in the coming decades.
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61
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Smit J, Zeeuw-Brouwer MLD, van Roest M, de Jong G, van Bilsen J. Evaluation of the sensitizing potential of food proteins using two mouse models. Toxicol Lett 2016; 262:62-69. [PMID: 27663974 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The current methodology to identify allergenic food proteins is effective in identifying those that are likely to cross-react with known allergens. However, most assays show false positive results for low/non-allergens. Therefore, an ex vivo/in vitro DC-T cell assay and an in vivo mouse model were used to distinguish known allergenic food proteins (Ara h 1, β-Lactoglobulin, Pan b 1, bovine serum albumin, whey protein isolate) from low/non allergenic food proteins (soy lipoxygenase, gelatin, beef tropomyosin, rubisco, Sola t 1). CD4+ T cells from protein/alum-immunized mice were incubated with corresponding protein-pulsed bone marrow-derived DC and analyzed for cytokine release. All known allergens induced Th2 responses in vitro, whereas soy lipoxygenase, gelatin or beef tropomyosin did not. Sola t 1 and rubisco induced a more generalized T cell response due to endotoxin contamination, indicating the endotoxin-sensitivity of the DC-T assay. To analyze responses in vivo, mice were orally sensitized on days 0 and 7. Known allergens induced IgE and mMCP-1 release upon oral challenge at day 16, whereas the low/non-allergens did not. Both the DC-T cell assay and the mouse model were able to distinguish 5 known allergens from 5 low/non-allergens and may be useful to identify novel allergenic food proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost Smit
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Utrecht Center for Food Allergy, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Manon van Roest
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Utrecht Center for Food Allergy, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Govardus de Jong
- Utrecht Center for Food Allergy, Utrecht, The Netherlands; TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda van Bilsen
- Utrecht Center for Food Allergy, Utrecht, The Netherlands; TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands
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62
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Abstract
Food allergy is receiving increased attention in recent years. Because there is currently no known cure for food allergy, avoiding the offending food is the best defense for sensitive individuals. Type I food allergy is mediated by food proteins, and thus, theoretically, any food protein is a potential allergen. Variability of an individual's immune system further complicates attempts to understand allergen-antibody interaction. In this article, we briefly review food allergy occurrence, prevalence, mechanisms, and detection. Efforts aimed at reducing/eliminating allergens through food processing are discussed. Future research needs are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shridhar K Sathe
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 30306-1493;
| | - Changqi Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 30306-1493;
| | - Valerie D Zaffran
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 30306-1493;
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63
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Nishita T, Miyazaki R, Miyazaki T, Ochiai H, Orito K. Antibodies reacting to carbonic anhydrase isozymes (I and II) and albumin in sera from dogs. Res Vet Sci 2016; 106:180-2. [PMID: 27234558 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
IgGs to carbonic anhydrase isozymes (CA-I and CA-II) and albumin were identified in dog serum. IgG titers were determined in the sera of asymptomatic dogs, and in dogs with atopic dermatitis, diarrhea and/or vomiting, diabetes and/or pancreatitis, kidney disease, hepatic disease, and thyroid gland disease, using ELISA. Low titres of IgG-reactive CA-I, CA-II, BSA, and CSA were found in the sera of healthy beagles. Compared with healthy beagles, there was a significant difference in the titers of antibodies against CA-I in asymptomatic dogs, dogs with diabetes and/or pancreatitis, or thyroid gland disease, or hepatic disease. Compared with healthy beagles, there was a significant difference in the antibody titer of anti-CA-II IgG in asymptomatic dogs and in those with hepatic disease. There was a significant difference in the antibody titer of anti-BSA IgG between healthy beagles and dogs with hepatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiho Nishita
- Laboratory of Physiology I, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan.
| | - Rui Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Physiology I, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Takae Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Physiology I, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Hideharu Ochiai
- Research Institute of Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Kensuke Orito
- Laboratory of Physiology II, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
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64
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Matricardi PM, Kleine-Tebbe J, Hoffmann HJ, Valenta R, Hilger C, Hofmaier S, Aalberse RC, Agache I, Asero R, Ballmer-Weber B, Barber D, Beyer K, Biedermann T, Bilò MB, Blank S, Bohle B, Bosshard PP, Breiteneder H, Brough HA, Caraballo L, Caubet JC, Crameri R, Davies JM, Douladiris N, Ebisawa M, EIgenmann PA, Fernandez-Rivas M, Ferreira F, Gadermaier G, Glatz M, Hamilton RG, Hawranek T, Hellings P, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Jakob T, Jappe U, Jutel M, Kamath SD, Knol EF, Korosec P, Kuehn A, Lack G, Lopata AL, Mäkelä M, Morisset M, Niederberger V, Nowak-Węgrzyn AH, Papadopoulos NG, Pastorello EA, Pauli G, Platts-Mills T, Posa D, Poulsen LK, Raulf M, Sastre J, Scala E, Schmid JM, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, van Hage M, van Ree R, Vieths S, Weber R, Wickman M, Muraro A, Ollert M. EAACI Molecular Allergology User's Guide. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2016; 27 Suppl 23:1-250. [PMID: 27288833 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 515] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The availability of allergen molecules ('components') from several protein families has advanced our understanding of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated responses and enabled 'component-resolved diagnosis' (CRD). The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) Molecular Allergology User's Guide (MAUG) provides comprehensive information on important allergens and describes the diagnostic options using CRD. Part A of the EAACI MAUG introduces allergen molecules, families, composition of extracts, databases, and diagnostic IgE, skin, and basophil tests. Singleplex and multiplex IgE assays with components improve both sensitivity for low-abundance allergens and analytical specificity; IgE to individual allergens can yield information on clinical risks and distinguish cross-reactivity from true primary sensitization. Part B discusses the clinical and molecular aspects of IgE-mediated allergies to foods (including nuts, seeds, legumes, fruits, vegetables, cereal grains, milk, egg, meat, fish, and shellfish), inhalants (pollen, mold spores, mites, and animal dander), and Hymenoptera venom. Diagnostic algorithms and short case histories provide useful information for the clinical workup of allergic individuals targeted for CRD. Part C covers protein families containing ubiquitous, highly cross-reactive panallergens from plant (lipid transfer proteins, polcalcins, PR-10, profilins) and animal sources (lipocalins, parvalbumins, serum albumins, tropomyosins) and explains their diagnostic and clinical utility. Part D lists 100 important allergen molecules. In conclusion, IgE-mediated reactions and allergic diseases, including allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, food reactions, and insect sting reactions, are discussed from a novel molecular perspective. The EAACI MAUG documents the rapid progression of molecular allergology from basic research to its integration into clinical practice, a quantum leap in the management of allergic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Matricardi
- Paediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charitè Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Kleine-Tebbe
- Allergy & Asthma Center Westend, Outpatient Clinic Ackermann, Hanf, & Kleine-Tebbe, Berlin, Germany
| | - H J Hoffmann
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - R Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Hilger
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - S Hofmaier
- Paediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charitè Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - R C Aalberse
- Sanquin Research, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I Agache
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| | - R Asero
- Ambulatorio di Allergologia, Clinica San Carlo, Paderno Dugnano, Italy
| | - B Ballmer-Weber
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - D Barber
- IMMA-School of Medicine, University CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - K Beyer
- Paediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charitè Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M B Bilò
- Allergy Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - S Blank
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Helmholtz Center Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - B Bohle
- Division of Experimental Allergology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P P Bosshard
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - H Breiteneder
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H A Brough
- Paediatric Allergy, Department of Asthma, Allergy and Respiratory Science, King's College London, Guys' Hospital, London, UK
| | - L Caraballo
- Institute for Immunological Research, The University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - J C Caubet
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Crameri
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - J M Davies
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - N Douladiris
- Allergy Unit, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, National & Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - M Ebisawa
- Department of Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Allergology and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - P A EIgenmann
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Fernandez-Rivas
- Allergy Department, Hospital Clinico San Carlos IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Ferreira
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - G Gadermaier
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - M Glatz
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland
| | - R G Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - T Hawranek
- Department of Dermatology, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - P Hellings
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Hoffmann-Sommergruber
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Jakob
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - U Jappe
- Division of Clinical and Molecular Allergology, Research Centre Borstel, Airway Research Centre North (ARCN), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Allergy Division, Department of Pneumology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - M Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, 'ALL-MED' Medical Research Institute, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - S D Kamath
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville City, Qld, Australia
| | - E F Knol
- Departments of Immunology and Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P Korosec
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - A Kuehn
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - G Lack
- King's College London, MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A L Lopata
- Department of Clinical Immunology, 'ALL-MED' Medical Research Institute, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - M Mäkelä
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Morisset
- National Service of Immuno-Allergology, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, UK
| | - V Niederberger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A H Nowak-Węgrzyn
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - N G Papadopoulos
- Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - E A Pastorello
- Unit of Allergology and Immunology, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - G Pauli
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - T Platts-Mills
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - D Posa
- Paediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charitè Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - L K Poulsen
- Allergy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Raulf
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - J Sastre
- Allergy Division, Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Scala
- Experimental Allergy Unit, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - J M Schmid
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - P Schmid-Grendelmeier
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland
| | - M van Hage
- Department of Medicine Solna, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R van Ree
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Vieths
- Department of Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - R Weber
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health Service, Denver, CO, USA
| | - M Wickman
- Sachs' Children's Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Muraro
- The Referral Centre for Food Allergy Diagnosis and Treatment Veneto Region, Department of Mother and Child Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - M Ollert
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Kanoujia J, Singh M, Singh P, Parashar P, Tripathi CB, Arya M, Saraf SA. Genipin crosslinked soy-whey based bioactive material for atorvastatin loaded nanoparticles: preparation, characterization and in vivo antihyperlipidemic study. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16830b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid lowering potential of soy protein isolate and whey protein concentrate as novel nanomaterial for atorvastatin nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovita Kanoujia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University)
- Lucknow
- India-226025
| | - Mahendra Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University)
- Lucknow
- India-226025
| | - Pooja Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University)
- Lucknow
- India-226025
| | - Poonam Parashar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University)
- Lucknow
- India-226025
| | - Chandra Bhusan Tripathi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University)
- Lucknow
- India-226025
| | - Malti Arya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University)
- Lucknow
- India-226025
| | - Shubhini A. Saraf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, (A Central University)
- Lucknow
- India-226025
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Breiteneder H. Grundlagen natürlicher Allergene. ALLERGOLOGIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-37203-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bublin M, Kostadinova M, Fuchs JE, Ackerbauer D, Moraes AH, Almeida FCL, Lengger N, Hafner C, Ebner C, Radauer C, Liedl KR, Valente AP, Breiteneder H. A Cross-Reactive Human Single-Chain Antibody for Detection of Major Fish Allergens, Parvalbumins, and Identification of a Major IgE-Binding Epitope. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142625. [PMID: 26579717 PMCID: PMC4651496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish allergy is associated with moderate to severe IgE-mediated reactions to the calcium binding parvalbumins present in fish muscle. Allergy to multiple fish species is caused by parvalbumin-specific cross-reactive IgE recognizing conserved epitopes. In this study, we aimed to produce cross-reactive single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies for the detection of parvalbumins in fish extracts and the identification of IgE epitopes. Parvalbumin-specific phage clones were isolated from the human ETH-2 phage display library by three rounds of biopanning either against cod parvalbumin or by sequential biopanning against cod (Gad m 1), carp (Cyp c 1) and rainbow trout (Onc m 1) parvalbumins. While biopanning against Gad m 1 resulted in the selection of clones specific exclusively for Gad m 1, the second approach resulted in the selection of clones cross-reacting with all three parvalbumins. Two clones, scFv-gco9 recognizing all three parvalbumins, and scFv-goo8 recognizing only Gad m 1 were expressed in the E. coli non-suppressor strain HB2151 and purified from the periplasm. scFv-gco9 showed highly selective binding to parvalbumins in processed fish products such as breaded cod sticks, fried carp and smoked trout in Western blots. In addition, the scFv-gco9-AP produced as alkaline phosphatase fusion protein, allowed a single-step detection of the parvalbumins. In competitive ELISA, scFv-gco9 was able to inhibit binding of IgE from fish allergic patients’ sera to all three β-parvalbumins by up to 80%, whereas inhibition by scFv-goo8 was up to 20%. 1H/15N HSQC NMR analysis of the rGad m 1:scFv-gco9 complex showed participation of amino acid residues conserved among these three parvalbumins explaining their cross-reactivity on a molecular level. In this study, we have demonstrated an approach for the selection of cross-reactive parvalbumin-specific antibodies that can be used for allergen detection and for mapping of conserved epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merima Bublin
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Kostadinova
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian E. Fuchs
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniela Ackerbauer
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adolfo H. Moraes
- Centro Nacional de Ressonância Magnética, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio C. L. Almeida
- Centro Nacional de Ressonância Magnética, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nina Lengger
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Hafner
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for Dermatological Research, St. Pölten, Austria, Department of Dermatology, Karl Landsteiner University for Medical Sciences, St.Pölten, Austria
| | | | - Christian Radauer
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus R. Liedl
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ana Paula Valente
- Centro Nacional de Ressonância Magnética, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Heimo Breiteneder
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Tyagi N, Farnell EJ, Fitzsimmons CM, Ryan S, Tukahebwa E, Maizels RM, Dunne DW, Thornton JM, Furnham N. Comparisons of Allergenic and Metazoan Parasite Proteins: Allergy the Price of Immunity. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004546. [PMID: 26513360 PMCID: PMC4626114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic reactions can be considered as maladaptive IgE immune responses towards environmental antigens. Intriguingly, these mechanisms are observed to be very similar to those implicated in the acquisition of an important degree of immunity against metazoan parasites (helminths and arthropods) in mammalian hosts. Based on the hypothesis that IgE-mediated immune responses evolved in mammals to provide extra protection against metazoan parasites rather than to cause allergy, we predict that the environmental allergens will share key properties with the metazoan parasite antigens that are specifically targeted by IgE in infected human populations. We seek to test this prediction by examining if significant similarity exists between molecular features of allergens and helminth proteins that induce an IgE response in the human host. By employing various computational approaches, 2712 unique protein molecules that are known IgE antigens were searched against a dataset of proteins from helminths and parasitic arthropods, resulting in a comprehensive list of 2445 parasite proteins that show significant similarity through sequence and structure with allergenic proteins. Nearly half of these parasite proteins from 31 species fall within the 10 most abundant allergenic protein domain families (EF-hand, Tropomyosin, CAP, Profilin, Lipocalin, Trypsin-like serine protease, Cupin, BetV1, Expansin and Prolamin). We identified epitopic-like regions in 206 parasite proteins and present the first example of a plant protein (BetV1) that is the commonest allergen in pollen in a worm, and confirming it as the target of IgE in schistosomiasis infected humans. The identification of significant similarity, inclusive of the epitopic regions, between allergens and helminth proteins against which IgE is an observed marker of protective immunity explains the ‘off-target’ effects of the IgE-mediated immune system in allergy. All these findings can impact the discovery and design of molecules used in immunotherapy of allergic conditions. Allergy is an increasingly widespread clinical problem that leads to various conditions such as allergic asthma and susceptibility to anaphylactic shock. These conditions arise from exposure to a range of environmental and food proteins (‘allergens’) that are recognised by a form of immune system antibody called IgE. This part of the immune system is thought to have evolved to provide mammals with additional rapid response mechanisms to combat metazoan parasites. Here, we address the pertinent question, ‘what makes an Allergen an Allergen’ as, although they constitute a very small percentage of known proteins, they appear to be diverse and unrelated. Using computational studies, we have established molecular similarity between parasite proteins and allergens that affect the nature of immune response and are able to predict the regions of parasite proteins that potentially share similarity with the IgE-binding region(s) of the allergens. Our experimental studies support the computational predictions, and we can present the first confirmed example of a plant pollen-like protein in a worm that is targeted by IgE. The results of this study will enable us to predict likely allergens in food and environmental organisms and to help design protein molecules to treat allergy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Tyagi
- The EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Edward J Farnell
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stephanie Ryan
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rick M Maizels
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David W Dunne
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Janet M Thornton
- The EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Furnham
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Zhang YH, Liu JQ, Xu D, Zhao XH. Impacts of glucosamine/oligochitosan glycation and cross-linking by transglutaminase on the structure andin vitroantigenicity of whey proteins. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science; Ministry of Education; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
- Department of Food Science; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
| | - Jia-Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science; Ministry of Education; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
- Department of Food Science; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
| | - Di Xu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science; Ministry of Education; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
- Department of Food Science; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
| | - Xin-Huai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science; Ministry of Education; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
- Department of Food Science; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition; Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin 150030 China
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Abstract
IgE-mediated food allergy is a relevant health problem inducing symptoms ranging from mild local reactions up to severe life-threatening situations. Currently, no immunotherapy is available and avoidance of the incriminating food is the method of choice. Therefore, reliable diagnostic tools to formulate dietary recommendations and to avoid unnecessary exclusion diets for the individual patient are urgently needed. This review provides an update on the current knowledge on food allergens and their application in various diagnostic approaches such as skin prick test, basophil activation test, and serum IgE testing. Furthermore, these new approaches are discussed and compared to conventional extract-based assays and correlated to the gold standard of food allergy diagnosis, the double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge. Finally, the application of food allergens for preventive measurements such as allergen detection assays and the determination of threshold levels for allergen levels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, AKH-EBO3Q, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Pfeifer
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, AKH-EBO3Q, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Merima Bublin
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, AKH-EBO3Q, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Kim HS, Kang SH, Won S, Lee EK, Chun YH, Yoon JS, Kim HH, Kim JT. Immunoglobulin E to allergen components of house dust mite in Korean children with allergic disease. Asia Pac Allergy 2015; 5:156-62. [PMID: 26240792 PMCID: PMC4521164 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2015.5.3.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND House dust mites (HDMs) are important sources of indoor allergens. Seventeen components have been identified from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p). OBJECTIVE Our aim was to define the prevalence of specific IgE to components of Der p in Korea and investigate the clinical features of them in children with allergic disease. METHODS We performed a prospective evaluation of 80 HDM sensitized patients with history of allergic rhinitis (AR), atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma and urticaria (UC). Patients underwent ImmunoCAP for total IgE, Der p, Der f, Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 10. RESULTS Seventy-nine patients had detectable serum IgE to Der p, 80 patients were sensitized to Der f, 66 patients were sensitized to Der p 1, 63 patients to Der p 2, and 7 patients were sensitized to Der p 10. Der p 1 specific IgE was significantly lower in the UC group compared with the AD and AR group. Total IgE was significantly higher in the Der p 10 sensitized group. Der p 10 serum IgE level was highly correlated with crab and shrimp specific IgE. There was a significant positive correlation between total IgE and specific IgE to Der p and its components and Der f. CONCLUSION Sensitization to HDM and its components in Korea is similar to previous studies from temperate climate. The determination of Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 10 specific IgE helps in obtaining additional information in regards to allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwan Soo Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Sung Hee Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Sulmui Won
- Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Eu Kyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Yoon Hong Chun
- Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Jong-Seo Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Hyun Hee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Jin Tack Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul 137-701, Korea
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Fernandes TJR, Costa J, Oliveira MBPP, Mafra I. An overview on fish and shellfish allergens and current methods of detection. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2015.1039497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Telmo J. R. Fernandes
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Fernandes, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Costa
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Fernandes, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Fernandes, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Mafra
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Fernandes, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Farnell EJ, Tyagi N, Ryan S, Chalmers IW, Pinot de Moira A, Jones FM, Wawrzyniak J, Fitzsimmons CM, Tukahebwa EM, Furnham N, Maizels RM, Dunne DW. Known Allergen Structures Predict Schistosoma mansoni IgE-Binding Antigens in Human Infection. Front Immunol 2015; 6:26. [PMID: 25691884 PMCID: PMC4315118 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The IgE response has been associated with both allergic reactions and immunity to metazoan parasites. Recently, we hypothesized that all environmental allergens bear structural homology to IgE-binding antigens from metazoan parasites and that this homology defines the relatively small number of protein families containing allergenic targets. In this study, known allergen structures (Pfam domains) from major environmental allergen families were used to predict allergen-like (SmProfilin, SmVAL-6, SmLipocalin, SmHSP20, Sm triosephosphate isomerase, SmThioredoxin, Sm superoxide dismutase, SmCyclophilin, and Sm phosphoglycerate kinase) and non-allergen-like [Sm dynein light chain (SmDLC), SmAldolase SmAK, SmUbiquitin, and Sm14-3-3] proteins in Schistosoma mansoni. Recombinant antigens were produced in Escherichia coli and IgG1, IgG4, and IgE responses against them measured in a cohort of people (n = 222) infected with S. mansoni. All allergen-like antigens were targeted by IgE responses in infected subjects, whilst IgE responses to the non-allergen-like antigens, SmAK, SmUbiquitin, and Sm14-3-3 were essentially absent being of both low prevalence and magnitude. Two new IgE-binding Pfam domain families, not previously described in allergen family databases, were also found, with prevalent IgE responses against SmDLC (PF01221) and SmAldolase (PF00274). Finally, it was demonstrated that immunoregulatory serological processes typically associated with allergens also occurred in responses to allergen-like proteins in S. mansoni infections, including the production of IgG4 in people responding with IgE and the down-regulation of IgE in response to increased antigen exposure from S. mansoni eggs. This study establishes that structures of known allergens can be used to predict IgE responses against homologous parasite allergen-like molecules (parallergens) and that serological responses with IgE/IgG4 to parallergens mirror those seen against allergens, supporting our hypothesis that allergenicity is rooted in expression of certain protein domain families in metazoan parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Farnell
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
| | - Nidhi Tyagi
- European Bioinformatics Institute , Cambridge , UK
| | - Stephanie Ryan
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, The University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Iain W Chalmers
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University , Aberystwyth , UK
| | | | - Frances M Jones
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
| | - Jakub Wawrzyniak
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
| | | | | | - Nicholas Furnham
- European Bioinformatics Institute , Cambridge , UK ; Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London , UK
| | - Rick M Maizels
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, The University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - David W Dunne
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK
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Li Z, Luo Y, Jiang M. Effects of Heat Treatment on the Antigenicity and Allergenicity of Grass Carp Muscles. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2013.851758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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75
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IgE-Mediated Food Allergy. Mucosal Immunol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-415847-4.00084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Doerfler B, Bryce P, Hirano I, Gonsalves N. Practical approach to implementing dietary therapy in adults with eosinophilic esophagitis: the Chicago experience. Dis Esophagus 2015; 28:42-58. [PMID: 24602224 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune/antigen-mediated esophageal disease characterized by esophageal dysfunction and esophageal mucosal eosinophilia. Diet therapy is effective in the treatment of EoE in both children and adults. The role of food allergens is well established in the pathogenesis and treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis. Empiric elimination with a six-food elimination diet (avoiding milk, wheat, egg, soy, peanuts/tree nuts, and fish/shellfish) demonstrates remission in over 70% of adults with this disease. Dietary therapy in adult EoE is becoming more accepted by both patients and clinicians. Dietary therapy can be effectively implemented in clinical practice with appropriate dietary education, patient resources, and close communication with physician and clinical staff. The ability to identify specific food triggers to help tailor dietary therapy for long-term management allows for a return to consumption of most table foods. Furthermore, the diet approach avoids the need for chronic topical corticosteroid use and possible long-term side effects of these medications. The decision to proceed with dietary therapy should be decided by patient preference and available resources. A collaborative and multidisciplinary approach including gastroenterologists, allergists, nurses, and dietitians is essential in the success of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Doerfler
- Division of Gastroenterology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Moraes AH, Ackerbauer D, Kostadinova M, Bublin M, de Oliveira GA, Ferreira F, Almeida FCL, Breiteneder H, Valente AP. Solution and high-pressure NMR studies of the structure, dynamics, and stability of the cross-reactive allergenic cod parvalbumin Gad m 1. Proteins 2014; 82:3032-42. [PMID: 25116395 DOI: 10.1002/prot.24664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Beta-parvalbumins from different fish species have been identified as the main elicitors of IgE-mediated reactions in fish-allergic individuals. Here, we report for the first time the NMR determination of the structure and dynamics of the major Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) allergen Gad m 1 and compare them with other known parvalbumins. Although the Gad m 1 structure and accessibility of putative IgE epitopes are similar to parvalbumins in mackerel and carp, the charge distribution at the putative epitopes is different. The determination of the Gad m 1 structure contributes to a better understanding of cross-reactivity among fish parvalbumins. In addition, the high-pressure NMR and temperature variation experiments revealed the important contribution of the AB motif and other regions to the protein folding. This structural information could assist the future identification of hot spots for targeted mutations to develop hypoallergenic Ca(2+) -free forms for potential use in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo H Moraes
- Department of Structural Biology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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78
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Determination of microheterogeneous substitution in shrimp tropomyosin and its effect on IgE-binding capacity. Eur Food Res Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-014-2291-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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79
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González-Fernández J, Rodero M, Daschner A, Cuéllar C. New insights into the allergenicity of tropomyosin: a bioinformatics approach. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:6509-17. [PMID: 24985979 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3534-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The invertebrate panallergen tropomyosin is a protein with an extremely simple folding. This makes it a perfect target for investigating structural differences between invertebrate and vertebrate tropomyosins, which are not considered allergenic. Phylogenetic and sequence analyses were conducted in order to explore the differences in primary structure between several tropomyosins and to promote an experimental development in the field of food allergy, based on the study of tropomyosin. The phylogenetic analyses showed that tropomyosin is a useful evolutionary marker. The phylogenetic trees obtained with tropomyosin were not always phylogenetically correct, but they might be useful for allergen avoidance by tropomyosin allergic individuals. Sequence analyses revealed that the probability of alpha helix folding in invertebrate tropomyosins was lower than in all the studied vertebrate ones, except for the Atlantic bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus tropomyosin. This suggested that the lack of alpha helix folding may be involved in the immunogenicity of tropomyosins. More specifically, the regions adjacent to the positions 133-135 and 201 of the invertebrate tropomyosins, presented lower probability of alpha helix folding than those of vertebrates and are candidates to be responsible for their allergenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan González-Fernández
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain,
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80
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Volpicella M, Leoni C, Fanizza I, Placido A, Pastorello EA, Ceci LR. Overview of plant chitinases identified as food allergens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:5734-5742. [PMID: 24841122 DOI: 10.1021/jf5007962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Food allergies are induced by proteins belonging to a limited number of families. Unfortunately, relationships between protein structure and capacity to induce the immune response have not been completely clarified yet, which precludes possible improvements in the diagnosis, prevention, and therapy of allergies. Plant chitinases constitute a good example of food allergenic proteins for which structural analysis of allergenicity has only been carried out partially. In plants, there are at least five structural classes of chitinases plus a number of chitinase-related polypeptides. Their allergenicity has been mostly investigated for chitinases of class I, due to both their higher prevalence among plant chitinases and by the high structural similarity between their substrate-binding domain and hevein, a well-known allergen present in the latex of rubber trees. Even if allergenic molecules have been identified for at least three other classes of plant chitinases, the involvement of the different structural motifs in the allergenicity of molecules has been disregarded so far. In this review, we provide a structurally based catalog of plant chitinases investigated for allergenicity, which could be a useful base for further studies aimed at better clarifying the structure-allergenicity relationships for this protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariateresa Volpicella
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari , Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
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81
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Hentges F, Léonard C, Arumugam K, Hilger C. Immune responses to inhalant Mammalian allergens. Front Immunol 2014; 5:234. [PMID: 24904583 PMCID: PMC4033121 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In Europe and the USA, at least one person in four is exposed every day to inhalant allergens of mammalian origin, a considerable number is regularly exposed for professional reasons and almost everyone is occasionally exposed to inhalant allergens from pets or domestic animals. The production of IgE to these inhalant allergens, often complicated by asthma and rhinitis, defines the atopic status. However, the immune response to these allergens largely imprints the cellular immune compartment and also drives non-IgE humoral immune responses in the allergic and non-allergic population. During the recent years, it has become clear that IgE antibodies recognize mammalian allergens that belong to three protein or glycoprotein families: the secretoglobins, the lipocalins, and the serum albumins. In this article, we review the humoral and cellular immune responses to the major members of these families and try to define common characteristics and also distinctive features.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Hentges
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Allergology, CRP-Santé , Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | - Cathy Léonard
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Allergology, CRP-Santé , Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | - Karthik Arumugam
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, CRP-Santé , Luxembourg , Luxembourg
| | - Christiane Hilger
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Allergology, CRP-Santé , Luxembourg , Luxembourg
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82
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Arruda LK, Barbosa MCR, Santos ABR, Moreno AS, Chapman MD, Pomés A. Recombinant allergens for diagnosis of cockroach allergy. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2014; 14:428. [PMID: 24563284 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-014-0428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecular cloning of cockroach allergens and their expression as recombinant proteins have allowed a better understanding of the mechanisms of cockroach allergic disease. Recombinant cockroach allergens have been used for skin testing or in vitro methods to measure IgE antibody levels in serum. Early studies evaluating selected U.S. patients revealed that a cocktail of four cockroach allergens, Bla g 1, Bla g 2, Bla g 4, and Bla g 5, would identify 95 % of cockroach allergic patients. More recent studies pointed to an important role of sensitization to tropomyosin among certain populations, and suggested that a cocktail of five allergens Bla g 1 and/or Per a 1, Bla g 2, Bla g 4, Bla g 5, and Bla g 7, and/or Per a 7, would be expected to diagnose 50- 64 % of cockroach-allergic patients worldwide. Variation in IgE reactivity profiles could be in part due to IgE responses to cross-reactive homologous allergens from different origins. The availability of purified natural or recombinant cockroach allergens provides the capacity to improve diagnosis of cockroach allergy and to develop novel forms of immunotherapy for cockroach-allergic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Karla Arruda
- Department of Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil,
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83
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Kuehn A, Swoboda I, Arumugam K, Hilger C, Hentges F. Fish allergens at a glance: variable allergenicity of parvalbumins, the major fish allergens. Front Immunol 2014; 5:179. [PMID: 24795722 PMCID: PMC4001008 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish is a common trigger of severe, food-allergic reactions. Only a limited number of proteins induce specific IgE-mediated immune reactions. The major fish allergens are the parvalbumins. They are members of the calcium-binding EF-hand protein family characterized by a conserved protein structure. They represent highly cross-reactive allergens for patients with specific IgE to conserved epitopes. These patients might experience clinical reactions with various fish species. On the other hand, some individuals have IgE antibodies directed against unique, species-specific parvalbumin epitopes, and these patients show clinical symptoms only with certain fish species. Furthermore, different parvalbumin isoforms and isoallergens are present in the same fish and might display variable allergenicity. This was shown for salmon homologs, where only a single parvalbumin (beta-1) isoform was identified as allergen in specific patients. In addition to the parvalbumins, several other fish proteins, enolases, aldolases, and fish gelatin, seem to be important allergens. New clinical and molecular insights advanced the knowledge and understanding of fish allergy in the last years. These findings were useful for the advancement of the IgE-based diagnosis and also for the management of fish allergies consisting of advice and treatment of fish-allergic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Kuehn
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Allergology, Public Research Centre for Health (CRP-Santé), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Ines Swoboda
- Molecular Biotechnology Section, University of Applied Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karthik Arumugam
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Allergology, Public Research Centre for Health (CRP-Santé), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Christiane Hilger
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Allergology, Public Research Centre for Health (CRP-Santé), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - François Hentges
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Allergology, Public Research Centre for Health (CRP-Santé), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Unit of Immunology and Allergology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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84
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Silas S, Fitzsimmons CM, Jones FM, Pinot de Moira A, Wawrzyniak J, Tukahebwa EM, Dunne DW. Human IgE responses to different splice variants of Schistosoma mansoni tropomyosin: associations with immunity. Int J Parasitol 2014; 44:381-90. [PMID: 24657550 PMCID: PMC4026961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tropomyosin (Tpm) is a common IgE antigen in invertebrates. Alternative splicing generates at least 13 Tpm isoforms in Schistosoma mansoni. Four different isoforms of S. mansoni TpmII (SmTpmII.3, 4, 7 and 8) were expressed. IgE and IgG4 responses to isoforms were measured in 228 S. mansoni-infected males. IgE to SmTpmII.3 was associated with reduced re-infection 2 years after treatment.
Resistance to Schistosoma mansoni infection has been correlated with IgE responses to the adult worm. Molecular targets of this response are gaining interest as markers of immunity and as indicators of allergenic properties. Few protein families contain IgE antigens (allergens) and one of the most highly represented are the tropomyosins. Alternative splicing generates numerous tropomyosin isoforms, which in parasites is likely to induce a range of anti-tropomyosin responses in the host. Here we examine human IgE and the counteracting IgG4 responses to splice variants of S. mansoni tropomyosin (SmTpm). It was possible to show life-cycle transcription profiles for 12 of 20 predicted splice variants from the four SmTpm genes. We expressed recombinant protein of four variants of TpmII (TpmII.4, 8, 3 and 7) with considerable differences in sequence. TpmII.4 and 8 were muscle, and TpmII.3 and 7 non-muscle, types. IgE and IgG4 responses to all four proteins were measured in a population of 228 infected boys and men (7–76 years) from a region of Uganda endemic for S. mansoni. Levels of these antibodies were not dependent on age and did not change following anthelminthic treatment. IgE to TpmII.3 was common in the cohort (>60%) and IgG4 to TpmII.3 less so (33%). IgE to TpmII.7 was rare (6.5%), but IgG4 to TpmII.7 was more common (49%). In regression analysis, a detectable IgE response to TpmII.3 was associated with reduced re-infection 2 years after treatment and an IgG4 response to TpmII.7 with increased re-infection. Different isoforms generated by alternative splicing are targeted by different components of the anti-Tpm IgE/IgG4 response. Only some of these are associated with immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukrit Silas
- University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB21QP, UK
| | - Colin M Fitzsimmons
- University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB21QP, UK.
| | - Frances M Jones
- University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB21QP, UK
| | - Angela Pinot de Moira
- University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB21QP, UK
| | - Jakub Wawrzyniak
- University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB21QP, UK
| | | | - David W Dunne
- University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB21QP, UK
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85
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Fitzsimmons CM, Falcone FH, Dunne DW. Helminth Allergens, Parasite-Specific IgE, and Its Protective Role in Human Immunity. Front Immunol 2014; 5:61. [PMID: 24592267 PMCID: PMC3924148 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Th2 immune response, culminating in eosinophilia and IgE production, is not only characteristic of allergy but also of infection by parasitic worms (helminths). Anti-parasite IgE has been associated with immunity against a range of helminth infections and many believe that IgE and its receptors evolved to help counter metazoan parasites. Allergens (IgE-antigens) are present in only a small minority of protein families and known IgE targets in helminths belong to these same families (e.g., EF-hand proteins, tropomyosin, and PR-1 proteins). During some helminth infection, especially with the well adapted hookworm, the Th2 response is moderated by parasite-expressed molecules. This has been associated with reduced allergy in helminth endemic areas and worm infection or products have been proposed as treatments for allergic conditions. However, some infections (especially Ascaris) are associated with increased allergy and this has been linked to cross-reactivity between worm proteins (e.g., tropomyosins) and highly similar molecules in dust-mites and insects. The overlap between allergy and helminth infection is best illustrated in Anisakis simplex, a nematode that when consumed in under-cooked fish can be both an infective helminth and a food allergen. Nearly 20 molecular allergens have been isolated from this species, including tropomyosin (Ani s 3) and the EF-hand protein, Ani s troponin. In this review, we highlight aspects of the biology and biochemistry of helminths that may have influenced the evolution of the IgE response. We compare dominant IgE-antigens in worms with clinically important environmental allergens and suggest that arrays of such molecules will provide important information on anti-worm immunity as well as allergy.
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86
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Moraes AH, Ackerbauer D, Kostadinova M, Bublin M, Ferreira F, Almeida FCL, Breiteneder H, Valente AP. ¹H, ¹³C and ¹⁵N resonance assignments and second structure information of Gad m 1: a β-parvalbumin allergen from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2013; 7:133-136. [PMID: 22585088 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-012-9393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Gad m 1 is the major allergen from Atlantic cod. It belongs to β-parvalbumin protein family and is characterized by the presence of two calcium-binding sites so called EF-hand motifs. β-Parvalbumins such as Gad m 1 are the most important fish allergens and their high cross-reactivity is the cause of the observed polysensitization to various fish species in allergic patients. Despite extensive efforts, the complete elucidation of β-parvalbumin-IgE complexes has not been achieved yet. Allergen structural studies are essential for the development of novel immunotherapy strategies, including vaccination with hypoallergenic derivatives and chimeric molecules. Here, we report for the first time the NMR study of a β-parvalbumin: Gad m 1. This report includes: (1)H, (13)C and (15)N resonance assignments of Gad m 1 as well as the second structure information based on the (13)C chemical shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Moraes
- Centro Nacional de Ressonância Magnética, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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87
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Nilsson OB, van Hage M, Grönlund H. Mammalian-derived respiratory allergens - implications for diagnosis and therapy of individuals allergic to furry animals. Methods 2013; 66:86-95. [PMID: 24041755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Furry animals cause respiratory allergies in a significant proportion of the population. A majority of all mammalian allergens are spread as airborne particles, and several have been detected in environments where furry animals are not normally kept. The repertoire of allergens from each source belongs to a restricted number of allergen families. Classification of allergen families is particularly important for the characterization of allergenicity and cross-reactivity of allergens. In fact, major mammalian allergens are taken from only three protein families, i.e. the secretoglobin, lipocalin and kallikrein families. In particular, the lipocalin superfamily harbours major allergens in all important mammalian allergen sources, and cross-reactivity between lipocalin allergens may explain cross-species sensitization between mammals. The identification of single allergen components is of importance to improve diagnosis and therapy of allergic patients using component-resolved diagnostics and allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) respectively. Major disadvantages with crude allergen extracts for these applications emphasize the benefits of careful characterization of individual allergens. Furthermore, detailed knowledge of the characteristics of an allergen is crucial to formulate attenuated allergy vaccines, e.g. hypoallergens. The diverse repertoires of individual allergens from different mammalian species influence the diagnostic potential and clinical efficacy of ASIT to furry animals. As such, detailed knowledge of individual allergens is essential for adequate clinical evaluation. This review compiles current knowledge of the allergen families of mammalian species, and discusses how this information may be used for improved diagnosis and therapy of individuals allergic to mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola B Nilsson
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marianne van Hage
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Grönlund
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Therapeutic Immune Design Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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88
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Wang J, Sun N, Zhou C, Zhou X, Lu J, Wang C, Che H. Food proteins from different allergen families sensitize Balb/c mice to family-specific immune responses. J Immunotoxicol 2013; 11:172-9. [PMID: 23961895 DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2013.819053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The classification of food allergens based on the structure and function of proteins contributes to the study of the relationship between bioinformatics and potential allergenicity of allergens. Food allergens always share sequence similarity with the allergens in the same allergen families. For that reason, food proteins from different allergen families may induce different patterns of immune responses in animal models. Female Balb/c mice (3-4-weeks-old) were sensitized with food proteins once per week for 4 weeks, and then challenged 2 weeks later (on Day 42 of study). Blood was collected (to obtain serum levels of histamine and protein-specific IgG1 and IgE antibodies) and measures of vascular permeability were performed 20 min after the challenge. Five food proteins (11S globulin, OVA [ovalbumin], HAS [human serum albumin] and LRP [lysine-responsive storage protein] of different allergen families, and Cry 1Ab/Ac [crystal protein]) were used to assess patterns of immune responses for each allergen family and then bioinformatics and digestive stability in simulated gastric fluid were employed to assess the overall utility of the Balb/c. The assay results indicated that, in this model, histamine and protein-specific IgE antibody levels and vascular permeability could be used to identify allergenicity of 11S globulin, OVA, and PAP (potato acid phosphatase) only. However, the results of the protein-specific IgG1 measures could only distinguish allergic food proteins with negative control. Based on bioinformatic analyses, the five different food proteins clearly induced distinct patterns of immune responses in the Balb/c model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University , Beijing , PR China and
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89
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Liu R, Holck AL, Yang E, Liu C, Xue W. Tropomyosin from tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) as an allergen. Clin Exp Allergy 2013; 43:365-77. [PMID: 23414545 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tilapia is among the most common fresh water fish species raised by fish farms and can cause allergic reactions upon ingestion. OBJECTIVE To investigate important allergens in Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). METHODS Allergens were detected using immunoblotting. An important allergen was purified to homogeneity by reversed-phase High Pressure Liquid Chromatography and characterized by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), competitive ELISA, Mass spectrometry (MS), circular dichroism measurements and differential scanning calorimetry. RESULTS By immunoblotting using sera from 10 patients with confirmed tilapia allergy, we identified a number of allergens with apparent molecular weights 114 to 17 kD. All patients produced IgE against a 32 kD allergen, Ore m 4, which was identified by MS as tropomyosin (TM). IgE binding of the pure protein was confirmed by immunoblotting, ELISA and ELISA inhibition. cDNA from tilapia tropomyosin (TM) was sequenced and compared with TMs from other species. The tilapia TM showed 53.5% homology to TM from shrimp. Homology was much higher to human TM isoform 5 (87.7%). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE TMs are the major allergens in allergy to crustaceans. Auto-antibodies against human TM isoform 5 have been implicated as a causative agent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Intriguingly, six of the 10 tilapia allergic patients had also been diagnosed with IBD, corroborating a connection between allergy and IBD. To our knowledge, this is the first report of tropomyosin from vertebrates as an allergen.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100083, PR China
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90
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Pomés A, Arruda LK. Investigating cockroach allergens: aiming to improve diagnosis and treatment of cockroach allergic patients. Methods 2013; 66:75-85. [PMID: 23916425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cockroach allergy is an important health problem associated with the development of asthma, as a consequence of chronic exposure to low levels of allergens in susceptible individuals. In the last 20 years, progress in understanding the disease has been possible, thanks to the identification and molecular cloning of cockroach allergens and their expression as recombinant proteins. Assays for assessment of environmental allergen exposure have been developed and used to measure Bla g 1 and Bla g 2, as markers of cockroach exposure. IgE antibodies to cockroach extracts and to specific purified allergens have been measured to assess sensitization and analyze association with exposure and disease. With the development of the field of structural biology and the expression of recombinant cockroach allergens, insights into allergen structure, function, epitope mapping and allergen-antibody interactions have provided further understanding of mechanisms of cockroach allergic disease at the molecular level. This information will contribute to develop new approaches to allergen avoidance and to improve diagnosis and therapy of cockroach allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pomés
- Indoor Biotechnologies, Inc., Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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91
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Wang J, Zhou C, Tian J, Sun N, Lu J, Wang C, Che H. The analysis of specific allergenicity of food allergens families. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2013.805733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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92
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Gómez E, Mayorga C, Gómez F, Blázquez AB, Díaz-Perales A, Blanca M, Torres MJ. Food allergy: management, diagnosis and treatment strategies. Immunotherapy 2013; 5:755-68. [DOI: 10.2217/imt.13.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Food allergy is an increasing problem in western countries, with strict avoidance being the only available reliable treatment. However, accidental ingestion can occur and anaphylactic reactions still happen. In recent years, many efforts have been made to better understand the humoral and cellular mechanisms involved in food allergy, and to improve the strategies for diagnosis and treatment. This review focuses on IgE-mediated food hypersensitivity and provides an overview of the diagnostic strategies and treatment advances. Specific immunotherapy, including different routes of administration and allergen sources, such as natural, recombinant and T-cell epitopes, are analyzed in detail. Other treatments such as anti-IgE monoclonal antibody therapy, adjuvant therapy and Chinese herbs will also be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Gómez
- Research Laboratory for Allergic Diseases, Carlos Haya Hospital, Malaga, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Belen Blázquez
- Research Laboratory for Allergic Diseases, Carlos Haya Hospital, Malaga, Spain
| | - Araceli Díaz-Perales
- Center for Plant Biotechnology & Genomics (UPM-INIA), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanca
- Allergy Service, Carlos Haya Hospital, Malaga, Spain
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93
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Chruszcz M, Mikolajczak K, Mank N, Majorek KA, Porebski PJ, Minor W. Serum albumins-unusual allergens. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:5375-81. [PMID: 23811341 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Albumins are multifunctional proteins present in the blood serum of animals. They can bind and transport a wide variety of ligands which they accommodate due to their conformational flexibility. Serum albumins are highly conserved both in amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structure. Several mammalian and avian serum albumins (SAs) are also allergens. Sensitization to one of the SAs coupled with the high degree of conservation between SAs may result in cross-reactive antibodies in allergic individuals. Sensitivity to SA generally begins with exposure to an aeroallergen, which can then lead to cross-sensitization to serum albumins present in food. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review focuses on the allergenicity of SAs presented in a structural context. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS SA allergenicity is unusual taking into account the high sequence identity and similarity between SA from different species and human serum albumin. Cross-reactivity of human antibodies towards different SAs is one of the most important characteristics of these allergens. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Establishing a relationship between sequence and structure of different SAs and their interactions with antibodies is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of cross-sensitization of atopic individuals. Structural information can also lead to better design and production of recombinant SAs to replace natural proteins in allergy testing and desensitization. Therefore, structural analyses are important for diagnostic and treatment purposes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Serum Albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksymilian Chruszcz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
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94
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Food allergy: an enigmatic epidemic. Trends Immunol 2013; 34:390-7. [PMID: 23648309 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Food allergy is a common disease that is rapidly increasing in prevalence for reasons that remain unknown. Current research efforts are focused on understanding the immune basis of food allergy, identifying environmental factors that may contribute to its rising prevalence, and developing immunotherapeutic approaches to establish immune tolerance to foods. Technological advances such as peptide microarray and MHC class II tetramers have begun to provide a comprehensive profile of the immune response to foods. The burgeoning field of mucosal immunology has provided intriguing clues to the role of the diet and the microbiota as risk factors in the development of food allergy. The purpose of this review is to highlight significant gaps in our knowledge that need answers to stem the progression of this disorder that is reaching epidemic proportions.
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95
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Lapteva YS, Uversky VN, Permyakov SE. Sequence microheterogeneity of parvalbumin, the major fish allergen. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2013; 1834:1607-14. [PMID: 23632315 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The microheterogeneity of amino acid sequence observed in various allergens may affect immune response, but incidence of sequence microheterogeneity in allergens and its relation to their allergenicity are unclear. The occurrence of sequence microheterogeneity in major fish allergen, parvalbumin (PA), has been explored using bioinformatics approaches. 44% of 111 species with known PA sequence have PA isoforms. 41% of these species exhibit from 1 to 4 cases of PA sequence microheterogeneity, i.e. unique pairs of PA isoforms with sequence identity above 90%. 29% of 210 PA sequences studied are characterized by microheterogeneity. The occurrence of allergens among them is 2.5-fold higher than among other PAs. The incidence of sequence microheterogeneity within more allergenic β isoform of PA is 2.0-fold lower than that for its less allergenic α isoform. 39 residues affected by PA microheterogeneity are concentrated in the region of helices A, B, F, while helices D and E are the most conservative region. 44% and 11% of the microheterogeneous substitutions are located in the species-specific and cross-reactive IgE-binding epitopes of PAs, respectively. 45% and 48% of the substitution cases are predicted to cause notable changes in protein disorder propensity and protein stability, respectively. Hence, the increased allergenicity rate among PAs having microheterogeneous isoforms can be related to differences in their IgE-binding caused directly or in an allosteric manner. Overall, sequence microheterogeneity is shown to be inherent to many of PAs and likely contributes to PA allergenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia S Lapteva
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia
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96
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Perez-Gordo M, Pastor-Vargas C, Lin J, Bardina L, Cases B, Ibáñez MD, Vivanco F, Cuesta-Herranz J, Sampson HA. Epitope mapping of the major allergen from Atlantic cod in Spanish population reveals different IgE-binding patterns. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1283-90. [PMID: 23554100 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE IgE-epitope mapping of allergens reveal important information about antigen components involved in allergic reactions. The peptide-based microarray immunoassay has been used to map epitopes of some food allergens. We developed a peptide microarray immunoassay to map allergenic epitopes in parvalbumin from Atlantic cod (Gad m 1), the most consumed cod species in Spain. METHODS AND RESULTS Sera from 13 fish-allergic patients with specific IgE to cod parvalbumin were used. A library of overlapping peptides was synthesized, representing the primary sequence of Gad m 1. Peptides were used to analyze allergen-specific IgE antibodies in patient sera. 100% of the patients recognized one antigenic region of 15 amino acids in length in Gad m 1. This region only partially correlated with one of the three antigenic determinants of Gad c 1 (Allergen M), parvalbumin from Baltic cod (Gadus callarias). In the 3D model of the protein, this region was located on the surface of the protein. CONCLUSION We have identified a relevant antigenic region in Gad m 1. This epitope could be considered as a severity marker and provides additional information to improve fish allergy diagnosis and the design of safe immunotherapeutic tools.
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97
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Doyen V, Leduc V, Corazza F, Mairesse M, Ledent C, Michel O. Protein contact dermatitis and food allergy to mare milk. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2013; 110:390-1. [PMID: 23622015 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 01/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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98
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Commins SP, Platts-Mills TAE. Delayed anaphylaxis to red meat in patients with IgE specific for galactose alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2013; 13:72-7. [PMID: 23054628 PMCID: PMC3545071 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-012-0315-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can be rapidly progressing and fatal. In instances where the triggering allergen is not known, establishing the etiology of anaphylaxis is pivotal to long-term risk management. Our recent work has identified a novel IgE antibody (Ab) response to a mammalian oligosaccharide epitope, galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal), that has been associated with two distinct forms of anaphylaxis: (1) immediate onset anaphylaxis during first exposure to intravenous cetuximab, and (2) delayed onset anaphylaxis 3-6 h after ingestion of mammalian food products (e.g., beef and pork). The results of our studies strongly suggest that tick bites are a cause, if not the only significant cause, of IgE Ab responses to alpha-gal in the southern, eastern and central United States. Patients with IgE Ab to alpha-gal continue to emerge and, increasingly, these cases involve children. This IgE Ab response cross-reacts with cat and dog but does not appear to pose a risk for asthma; however, it may impair diagnostic testing in some situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P. Commins
- Department of Internal Medicine & Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA. Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, University of Virginia Health System, P.O. Box 801355, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Thomas A. E. Platts-Mills
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA. Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, University of Virginia Health System, P.O. Box 801355, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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99
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Initial description of pork-cat syndrome in the United States. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 131:923-5. [PMID: 23352634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.12.665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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100
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Bronnert M, Mancini J, Birnbaum J, Agabriel C, Liabeuf V, Porri F, Cleach I, Fabre A, Deneux I, Grandné V, Grob JJ, Berbis P, Charpin D, Bongrand P, Vitte J. Component-resolved diagnosis with commercially available D. pteronyssinus Der p 1, Der p 2 and Der p 10: relevant markers for house dust mite allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2013; 42:1406-15). [PMID: 22747483 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.04035.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the prevalence and serum levels of IgE to commercial Der p 1, Der p 2, Der p 10 and the carbohydrate MUXF3 in house dust-mite allergic patients. To compare individual vs. allergen microarray methods. METHODS Prevalence and serum levels of IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract and components Der p 1, Der p 2, Der p 10 and MUXF3, specific IgG4 to D. pteronyssinus, total serum IgE levels, and clinical features (age, asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis) were determined in 123 patients (64 children) with the ImmunoCAP® method. ImmunoCAP ISAC® was performed in 24 patients. RESULTS All patients had serum IgE to D. pteronyssinus. Prevalences of serum IgE to commercial components were Der p 1 93%, Der p 2 77% (Der p 1 or Der p 2 94%), Der p 10 28% and MUXF3 25%. Levels of D. pteronyssinus IgE strongly correlated with Der p 1 and Der p 2 IgE (r = 0.89 and 0.85 respectively), but not Der p 10 and MUXF3. ImmunoCAP® and ImmunoCAP ISAC® were concordant, but the quantitative correlation was poor. No clinical implication for the prevalence, levels, or molecular IgE reactivity profile to house dust mite components was found. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Commercially available Der p 1 and Der p 2 strongly correlate with IgE D. pteronyssinus. The lack of Der p 1 and Der p 2 IgE may help with differential diagnosis. Der p 10 serum IgE prevalence and levels suggest different patterns in food and mite-related tropomyosin sensitization. Serum IgE to carbohydrate MUXF3, although unexpectedly prevalent, were low and did not modify D. pteronyssinus IgE levels. Follow-up may be best carried out with individual rather than microarrayed components.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bronnert
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Hôpital Conception 147 bd Baille F-13005 Marseille, France
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