51
|
Photocatalytic Bactericidal Performance of LaFeO3 under Solar Light: Kinetics, Spectroscopic and Mechanistic Evaluation. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13091135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanum orthoferrites are a versatile class of catalysts. Here, the photocatalytic bactericidal performance of LaFeO3 (LF) to inactivate pathogenic microorganisms, i.e., Escherichia coli (E. coli), in water under simulated solar irradiation conditions was investigated. Various competing and contributing factors were covered to visualize the reaction medium consisting of E. coli K12 cells, organic sub-fractions formed by cell destruction, and LF surface. LF solar photocatalytic inactivation (SPCI) kinetics revealed the highest inactivation rate in ultrapure water as expected, followed by distilled water (DW), aqueous solution containing anions and cations (WM) and saline solution (SS). Characterization of the released organic matter was achieved by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques as well as organic carbon contents (DOC). Upon SPCI, significant amounts of K+ along with released protein contents were detected expressing cell wall destruction and lysis. Under the specified experimental conditions, in the presence of released intracellular organic and inorganic components via cell lysis, a significant count of E. coli was still present in SS, whereas almost all bacteria were removed in other matrices due to various challenging reasons. Based on the presented data, SPCI of E. coli using LF as a novel photocatalyst was successfully demonstrated as an alternative and promising method for disinfection purposes.
Collapse
|
52
|
Yehuda N, Turkulets Y, Shalish I, Kushmaro A, Malis Arad S. Red Microalgal Sulfated Polysaccharide-Cu 2O Complexes: Characterization and Bioactivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:7070-7079. [PMID: 33544596 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The anion-exchange capacity of the cell-wall sulfated polysaccharide of the red microalga Porphyridium sp. can be exploited for the complexation of metal ions (e.g., Cu, Zn, Ag) to produce novel materials with new bioactivities. In this study, we investigated this algal polysaccharide as a platform for the incorporation of copper as Cu2O. Chemical and rheological characterization of the Cu2O-polysaccharide complex showed that the copper is covalently bound to the polysaccharide and that the complex exhibits higher viscosity and conductivity than the native polysaccharide. Examination of the complex's inhibitory activity against the bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis and the fungus Candida albicans revealed a relatively high antimicrobial activity, especially against C. albicans (92% growth inhibition) as compared to the polysaccharide and to Cu2O alone. The antibiofilm activity was also found against P. aeruginosa PA14 and C. albicans biofilms. An atomic force microscopy examination of the surface morphology of the complex revealed needle-like structures (spikes), approximately 10 nm thick, protruding from the complex surface to a maximum height of 1000 nm, at a density of about 5000/μm2, which were not detected in the native polysaccharide. It seems that the spikes on the surface of the Cu2O-polysaccharide complex are responsible for the antimicrobial activities of the complex, that is, for disruption of microbial membrane permeability, leading to cell death. The study thus indicates that the superior qualities of the novel material formed by complexion of Cu2O to the polysaccharide should be studied further for various biotechnological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nofar Yehuda
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Yury Turkulets
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Ilan Shalish
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Ariel Kushmaro
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
- The Ilse Katz Center for Meso and Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Shoshana Malis Arad
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Yuan H, Wang Y, Lai Z, Zhang X, Jiang Z, Zhang X. Analyzing microalgal biofilm structures formed under different light conditions by evaluating cell-cell interactions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 583:563-570. [PMID: 33039857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm structure plays an important role in microalgae biofilm-based culture. This work aims to understand microalgal biofilm structures formed under different light conditions. Here, Scenedesmus obliquus was biofilm cultured under the light spectra of white, blue, green, and red, and the photoperiods of 5:5 s, 30:30 min, and 12:12 h (light : dark period). Biofilms were observed with confocal laser scanning microscopes and profilometry, then the porosity and roughness of biofilm were determined. We found that cells under white light formed a heterogeneous biofilm with many voids, high porosity, and roughness. While under red and blue lights, cells formed homogeneous biofilms with low porosity. Biofilm structures formed under different photoperiods were different. The mechanism of forming different biofilm structures under different light conditions was interpreted from the aspect of cell-cell interactions. Moreover, the results revealed that biomass accumulation increased with the increasing biofilm porosity due to the high effective diffusion coefficient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yuan
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhijian Lai
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinru Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Energy Saving and Environmental Protection, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zeyi Jiang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Energy Saving and Emission Reduction of Metallurgical Industry, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Energy Saving and Emission Reduction of Metallurgical Industry, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Xu J, Pan Z, Peng S, Zhao Y, Jiang S, Chen YJ, Xie ZH, Munroe P. Remarkable bactericidal traits of a metal-ceramic composite coating elated by hierarchically structured surface. iScience 2021; 24:101942. [PMID: 33437933 PMCID: PMC7786122 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A ceramic-based coating with a hierarchical surface structure was synthesized via solid-state reaction enabled by a double cathode glow discharge technique. This innovative coating comprises two distinct layers, specifically an outer layer with a well-aligned micro-pillar array and a dense inner layer. Both are composed of a face-centered cubic Cu(Co,Ni,Fe) solid solution phase together with a spinel-type Fe(Al,Cr)2O4 oxide. This coating exhibits superhydrophobicity and, yet, a very strong adhesion to water, i.e., the so-called "rose petal effect". This coating also exhibits highly efficient antibacterial ability against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria under both dark and visible light conditions. The excellent antibacterial property originates from the synergistic effects through the release of Cu ions coupled with photothermal activity upon light activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Xu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Zhijian Pan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Shaung Peng
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Yanjie Zhao
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Shuyun Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Si Pai Lou, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Yu jie Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Zong-Han Xie
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Paul Munroe
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Velic A, Hasan J, Li Z, Yarlagadda PKDV. Mechanics of Bacterial Interaction and Death on Nanopatterned Surfaces. Biophys J 2020; 120:217-231. [PMID: 33333030 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanopatterned surfaces are believed to kill bacteria through physical deformation, a mechanism that has immense potential against biochemical resistance. Because of its elusive nature, this mechanism is mostly understood through biophysical modeling. Problematically, accurate descriptions of the contact mechanics and various boundary conditions involved in the bacteria-nanopattern interaction remain to be seen. This may underpin conflicting predictions, found throughout the literature, regarding two important aspects of the mechanism-that is, its critical action site and relationship with geometry. Herein, a robust computational analysis of bacteria-nanopattern interaction is performed using a three-dimensional finite element modeling that incorporates relevant continuum mechanical properties, multilayered envelope structure, and adhesion interaction conditions. The model is applied to more accurately study the elusory mechanism and its enhancement via nanopattern geometry. Additionally, micrographs of bacteria adhered on a nanopatterned cicada wing are examined to further inform and verify the major modeling predictions. Together, the results indicate that nanopatterned surfaces do not kill bacteria predominantly by rupture in between protruding pillars as previously thought. Instead, nondevelopable deformation about pillar tips is more likely to create a critical site at the pillar apex, which delivers significant in-plane strains and may locally rupture and penetrate the cell. The computational analysis also demonstrates that envelope deformation is increased by adhesion to nanopatterns with smaller pillar radii and spacing. These results further progress understanding of the mechanism of nanopatterned surfaces and help guide their design for enhanced bactericidal efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amar Velic
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jafar Hasan
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Prasad K D V Yarlagadda
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
In-Situ Investigation on Nanoscopic Biomechanics of Streptococcus mutans at Low pH Citric Acid Environments Using an AFM Fluid Cell. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249481. [PMID: 33322170 PMCID: PMC7764216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is widely regarded as the main cause of human dental caries via three main virulence factors: adhesion, acidogenicity, and aciduricity. Citric acid is one of the antibiotic agents that can inhibit the virulence capabilities of S. mutans. A full understanding of the acidic resistance mechanisms (ARMs) causing bacteria to thrive in citrate transport is still elusive. We propose atomic force microscopy (AFM) equipped with a fluid cell to study the S. mutans ARMs via surface nanomechanical properties at citric acid pH 3.3, 2.3, and 1.8. Among these treatments, at pH 1.8, the effect of the citric acid shock in cells is demonstrated through a significantly low number of high adhesion zones, and a noticeable reduction in adhesion forces. Consequently, this study paves the way to understand that S. mutans ARMs are associated with the variation of the number of adhesion zones on the cell surface, which is influenced by citrate and proton transport. The results are expected to be useful in developing antibiotics or drugs involving citric acid for dental plaque treatment.
Collapse
|
57
|
Shen Y, Zou Y, Chen X, Li P, Rao Y, Yang X, Sun Y, Hu H. Antibacterial self-assembled nanodrugs composed of berberine derivatives and rhamnolipids against Helicobacter pylori. J Control Release 2020; 328:575-586. [PMID: 32946873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of infections with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has progressively increased worldwide, which demonstrated to be closely correlated to its biofilm formation. H. pylori biofilms protect the bacteria by significantly decreasing their sensitivity to antibiotics. Moreover, H. pylori colonizes on the gastrointestinal tract epithelium which is covered by mucus layer, acting as another barrier to prevent antibacterial agents from reaching the colonization sites. Herein, we prepared four types of versatile self-assembled nanodrugs (BD/RHL NDs) containing lipophilic alkyl berberine derivatives (BDs) and rhamnolipids (RHL) to overcome the dual obstructions of both mucus layer and biofilms. Molecular dynamics simulations estimated that the driving forces for self-assembly of BD/RHL NDs were electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. BD/RHL NDs, characterized by appropriate size, negative charge and enhanced hydrophilicity, successfully penetrated through mucus layer without interacting with mucins. In in vitro experiments, BD/RHL NDs exhibited substantial ability to eradicate H. pylori biofilms by destroying their extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and killing planktonic H. pylori. Furthermore, BD/RHL NDs inhibited the adherence of H. pylori on both biotic and abiotic surfaces, therefore cut off the critical step of the biofilm re-formation which was associated with the recrudescence of infections. In an H. pylori-infected mice model, C10-BD/RHL NDs group showed 40 folds less remnant H. pylori and greater mucosal protection compared with the conventional clinical triple therapy. In conclusion, BD/RHL NDs could penetrate through mucus layer and effectively eradicate H. pylori biofilms in vitro and in vivo, providing a novel strategy for clinical treatment of biofilm-related infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanna Shen
- Lab of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yiqing Zou
- Lab of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- Lab of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Pengyu Li
- Lab of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yiqin Rao
- Lab of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xuan Yang
- Lab of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yingying Sun
- Lab of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Lab of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Liu J, Liu J, Attarilar S, Wang C, Tamaddon M, Yang C, Xie K, Yao J, Wang L, Liu C, Tang Y. Nano-Modified Titanium Implant Materials: A Way Toward Improved Antibacterial Properties. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:576969. [PMID: 33330415 PMCID: PMC7719827 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.576969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys have superb biocompatibility, low elastic modulus, and favorable corrosion resistance. These exceptional properties lead to its wide use as a medical implant material. Titanium itself does not have antibacterial properties, so bacteria can gather and adhere to its surface resulting in infection issues. The infection is among the main reasons for implant failure in orthopedic surgeries. Nano-modification, as one of the good options, has the potential to induce different degrees of antibacterial effect on the surface of implant materials. At the same time, the nano-modification procedure and the produced nanostructures should not adversely affect the osteogenic activity, and it should simultaneously lead to favorable antibacterial properties on the surface of the implant. This article scrutinizes and deals with the surface nano-modification of titanium implant materials from three aspects: nanostructures formation procedures, nanomaterials loading, and nano-morphology. In this regard, the research progress on the antibacterial properties of various surface nano-modification of titanium implant materials and the related procedures are introduced, and the new trends will be discussed in order to improve the related materials and methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Shokouh Attarilar
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Wang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China
| | - Maryam Tamaddon
- Institute of Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery & Orthopaedic Science, University College London, The Royal National National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Chengliang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Kegong Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jinguang Yao
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaozong Liu
- Institute of Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery & Orthopaedic Science, University College London, The Royal National National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Yujin Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Physical methods for controlling bacterial colonization on polymer surfaces. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 43:107586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
60
|
Pham DQ, Bryant SJ, Cheeseman S, Huang LZY, Bryant G, Dupont MF, Chapman J, Berndt CC, Vongsvivut JP, Crawford RJ, Truong VK, Ang ASM, Elbourne A. Micro- to nano-scale chemical and mechanical mapping of antimicrobial-resistant fungal biofilms. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:19888-19904. [PMID: 32985644 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05617k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A fungal biofilm refers to the agglomeration of fungal cells surrounded by a polymeric extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM is composed primarily of polysaccharides that facilitate strong surface adhesion, proliferation, and cellular protection from the surrounding environment. Biofilms represent the majority of known microbial communities, are ubiquitous, and are found on a multitude of natural and synthetic surfaces. The compositions, and in-turn nanomechanical properties, of fungal biofilms remain poorly understood, because these systems are complex, composed of anisotropic cellular and extracellular material, and importantly are species and environment dependent. Therefore, genomic variation, and/or mutations, as well as environmental and growth factors can change the composition of a fungal cell's biofilm. In this work, we probe the physico-mechanical and biochemical properties of two fungal species, Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans), as well as two antifungal resistant sub-species of C. neoformans, fluconazole-resistant C. neoformans (FlucRC. neoformans) and amphotericin B-resistant C. neoformans (AmBRC. neoformans). A new experimental methodology of characterization is proposed, employing a combination of atomic force microscopy (AFM), instrumented nanoindentation, and Synchrotron ATR-FTIR measurements. This allowed the nano-mechanical and chemical characterisation of each fungal biofilm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duy Quang Pham
- Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Department of Mechanical and Production Design Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
61
|
Chen J, Feng S, Chen M, Li P, Yang Y, Zhang J, Xu X, Li Y, Chen S. In Vivo Dynamic Monitoring of Bacterial Infection by NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002054. [PMID: 32715565 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Time window of antibiotic administration is a critical but long-neglected point in the treatment of bacterial infection, as unnecessary prolonged antibiotics are increasingly causing catastrophic drug-resistance. Here, a second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging strategy based on lead sulfide quantum dots (PbS QDs) is presented to dynamically monitor bacterial infection in vivo in a real-time manner. The prepared PbS QDs not only provide a low detection limit (104 CFU mL-1 ) of four typical bacteria strains in vitro but also show a particularly high labeling efficiency with Escherichia coli (E. coli). The NIR-II in vivo imaging results reveal that the number of invading bacteria first decreases after post-injection, then increases from 1 d to 1 week and drop again over time in infected mouse models. Meanwhile, there is a simultaneous variation of dendritic cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and CD8+ T lymphocytes against bacterial infection at the same time points. Notably, the infected mouse self-heals eventually without antibiotic treatment, as a robust immune system can successfully prevent further health deterioration. The NIR-II imaging approach enables real-time monitoring of bacterial infection in vivo, thus facilitating spatiotemporal deciphering of time window for antibiotic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Institute of Sports Medicine of Fudan University, Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Sijia Feng
- Institute of Sports Medicine of Fudan University, Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Mo Chen
- Institute of Sports Medicine of Fudan University, Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Pei Li
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, National Health Commission, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yimeng Yang
- Institute of Sports Medicine of Fudan University, Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Sports Medicine of Fudan University, Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiaogang Xu
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, National Health Commission, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- Institute of Sports Medicine of Fudan University, Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Institute of Sports Medicine of Fudan University, Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Conformationally tuned antibacterial oligomers target the peptidoglycan of Gram-positive bacteria. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 580:850-862. [PMID: 32736272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The recent rise of antibiotic resistance amongst Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) populations has made treating Staph-based infections a global medical challenge. Therapies that specifically target the peptidoglycan layer of S. aureus have emerged as new treatment avenues, towards which bacteria are less likely to develop resistance. While the majority of antibacterial polymers/oligomers have the ability to disrupt bacterial membranes, the design parameters for the enhanced disruption of peptidoglycan outer layer of Gram-positive bacteria remain unclear. Here, the design of oligomeric structures with favorable conformational characteristics for improved disruption of the peptidoglycan outer layer of Gram-positive bacteria is reported. Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to inform the structure design and composition of cationic oligomers displaying collapsed and expanded conformations. The most promising diblock and triblock cationic oligomers were synthesized by photo-induced atom transfer radical polymerization (photo ATRP). Following synthesis, the diblock and triblock oligomers displayed average antibacterial activity of ~99% and ~98% for S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), respectively, at the highest concentrations tested. Importantly, triblock oligomers with extended conformations showed significantly higher disruption of the peptidoglycan outer layer of S. aureus compared to diblock oligomers with more collapsed conformation, as evidenced by a number of characterization techniques including scanning electron, confocal and atomic force microscopy. This work provides new insight into the structure/property relationship of antibacterial materials and advances the design of functional materials for combating the rise of drug-resistant bacteria.
Collapse
|
63
|
Del Valle A, Torra J, Bondia P, Tone CM, Pedraz P, Vadillo-Rodriguez V, Flors C. Mechanically Induced Bacterial Death Imaged in Real Time: A Simultaneous Nanoindentation and Fluorescence Microscopy Study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:31235-31241. [PMID: 32476402 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Mechano-bactericidal nanomaterials rely on their mechanical or physical interactions with bacteria and are promising antimicrobial strategies that overcome bacterial resistance. However, the real effect of mechanical versus chemical action on their activity is under debate. In this paper, we quantify the forces necessary to produce critical damage to the bacterial cell wall by performing simultaneous nanoindentation and fluorescence imaging of single bacterial cells. Our experimental setup allows puncturing the cell wall of an immobilized bacterium with the tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM) and following in real time the increase in the fluorescence signal from a cell membrane integrity marker. We correlate the forces exerted by the AFM tip with the fluorescence dynamics for tens of cells, and we find that forces above 20 nN are necessary to exert critical damage. Moreover, a similar experiment is performed in which bacterial viability is assessed through physiological activity, in order to gain a more complete view of the effect of mechanical forces on bacteria. Our results contribute to the quantitative understanding of the interaction between bacteria and nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Del Valle
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nanoscience (IMDEA Nanociencia), C/Faraday 9, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Joaquim Torra
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nanoscience (IMDEA Nanociencia), C/Faraday 9, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Patricia Bondia
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nanoscience (IMDEA Nanociencia), C/Faraday 9, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Caterina M Tone
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nanoscience (IMDEA Nanociencia), C/Faraday 9, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Patricia Pedraz
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nanoscience (IMDEA Nanociencia), C/Faraday 9, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Flors
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Nanoscience (IMDEA Nanociencia), C/Faraday 9, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Nanobiotechnology Unit Associated to the National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC-IMDEA), Madrid 28049, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Aguirre Ocampo R, Echeverry-Rendón M, DeAlba-Montero I, Robledo S, Ruiz F, Echeverría Echeverría F. Effect of surface characteristics on the antibacterial properties of titanium dioxide nanotubes produced in aqueous electrolytes with carboxymethyl cellulose. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:104-121. [PMID: 32441468 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanotubular structures were produced on a commercially pure titanium surface by anodization in an aqueous electrolyte that contained carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium fluoride. The internal diameters obtained were about 100, 48, and 9.5 nm, respectively. Several heat treatments at 200, 350, and 600°C were made to produce nanotubes with different titanium dioxide polymorphs (anatase, rutile). All tested surfaces were superhydrophilic, this behavior was maintained after at least 30 days, regardless of the heat treatment. Although in previous works the nanotube features effect on the bacteria behavior had been studied; this item still unclear. For the best of our knowledge, the effect of small internal diameters (about 10 nm) with and without heat treatment and with and without ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on the bacteria strains comportment has not been reported. From our results, both the internal diameter and the postanodized treatments have an effect on the bacteria strains comportment. All nanotubular coatings UV treated and heat treated at 350 and 600°C; despite they have different inner diameters, inhibit the bacteria growth of both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The nanotubular coatings obtained at 20 V and heat treated at 350°C produced the lower bacteria adhesion against both strains evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Aguirre Ocampo
- Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales CIDEMAT, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mónica Echeverry-Rendón
- Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales CIDEMAT, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales (PECET), Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Idania DeAlba-Montero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Sara Robledo
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales (PECET), Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Facundo Ruiz
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Félix Echeverría Echeverría
- Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales CIDEMAT, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Cheeseman S, Christofferson AJ, Kariuki R, Cozzolino D, Daeneke T, Crawford RJ, Truong VK, Chapman J, Elbourne A. Antimicrobial Metal Nanomaterials: From Passive to Stimuli-Activated Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1902913. [PMID: 32440470 PMCID: PMC7237851 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The development of antimicrobial drug resistance among pathogenic bacteria and fungi is one of the most significant health issues of the 21st century. Recently, advances in nanotechnology have led to the development of nanomaterials, particularly metals that exhibit antimicrobial properties. These metal nanomaterials have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional antimicrobial therapies. In this review, a broad overview of metal nanomaterials, their synthesis, properties, and interactions with pathogenic micro-organisms is first provided. Secondly, the range of nanomaterials that demonstrate passive antimicrobial properties are outlined and in-depth analysis and comparison of stimuli-responsive antimicrobial nanomaterials are provided, which represent the next generation of microbiocidal nanomaterials. The stimulus applied to activate such nanomaterials includes light (including photocatalytic and photothermal) and magnetic fields, which can induce magnetic hyperthermia and kinetically driven magnetic activation. Broadly, this review aims to summarize the currently available research and provide future scope for the development of metal nanomaterial-based antimicrobial technologies, particularly those that can be activated through externally applied stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Cheeseman
- School of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
- Nanobiotechnology LaboratorySchool of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
| | - Andrew J. Christofferson
- School of EngineeringRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
- Food Science and TechnologyBundoora CampusSchool of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3086Australia
| | - Rashad Kariuki
- School of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
- Nanobiotechnology LaboratorySchool of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
| | - Daniel Cozzolino
- School of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
- Food Science and TechnologyBundoora CampusSchool of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3086Australia
| | - Torben Daeneke
- School of EngineeringRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
| | - Russell J. Crawford
- School of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
- Nanobiotechnology LaboratorySchool of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- School of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
- Nanobiotechnology LaboratorySchool of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
| | - James Chapman
- School of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
- Nanobiotechnology LaboratorySchool of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
| | - Aaron Elbourne
- School of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
- Nanobiotechnology LaboratorySchool of ScienceCollege of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3001Australia
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Elbourne A, Cheeseman S, Wainer P, Kim J, Medvedev AE, Boyce KJ, McConville CF, van Embden J, Crawford RJ, Chapman J, Truong VK, Della Gaspera E. Significant Enhancement of Antimicrobial Activity in Oxygen-Deficient Zinc Oxide Nanowires. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:2997-3004. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Elbourne
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Samuel Cheeseman
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Pierce Wainer
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Jaewon Kim
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Alexander E. Medvedev
- RMIT Centre for Additive Manufacturing, School of Engineering, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Kylie. J. Boyce
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | | | - Joel van Embden
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | | | - James Chapman
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
67
|
Shi Y, Cai M, Zhou L, Wang H. Measurement of mechanical properties of naked cell membranes using atomic force microscope puncture test. Talanta 2020; 210:120637. [PMID: 31987211 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cell membrane defines the physical boundary of the cell, maintains their shape and volume, and meanwhile dominates the cells response to mechanical force. There are many limitations in the mechanical analysis of naked cell membrane, such as cell condition, the supporting of cytoskeleton and cytoplasm. To reduce these influences, non-supported membrane was prepared on high-ordered pore array silicon substrate. Rupture forces and Young's modulus of three non-supported membranes, red blood cell membrane, somatic cell (MDCK) membrane and phospholipids membrane, are obtained quantitatively using AFM puncture tests. Results indicate that the sequence of both rupture forces and Young's modulus of the three membranes is MDCK cell membrane > red blood cell membrane > phospholipids membrane. The determinant of naked cell membrane's mechanical properties is the constituent of membrane itself, including the quantity and distribution of membrane proteins. Focused on the distribution of membrane proteins, two proposed models of cell membrane-the semi-mosaic model of red blood cell membrane and the Protein Layer-Lipid-Protein Island (PLLPI) model of nucleated mammalian cell membrane can be used to explain the different mechanical properties of naked cell membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
| | - Mingjun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China
| | - Lulu Zhou
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Banner DJ, Firlar E, Jakubonis J, Baggia Y, Osborn JK, Shahbazian-Yassar R, Megaridis CM, Shokuhfar T. Correlative ex situ and Liquid-Cell TEM Observation of Bacterial Cell Membrane Damage Induced by Rough Surface Topology. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:1929-1938. [PMID: 32256069 PMCID: PMC7093104 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s232230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoscale surface roughness has been suggested to have antibacterial and antifouling properties. Several existing models have attempted to explain the antibacterial mechanism of nanoscale rough surfaces without direct observation. Here, conventional and liquid-cell TEM are implemented to observe nanoscale bacteria/surface roughness interaction. The visualization of such interactions enables the inference of possible antibacterial mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Nanotextures are synthesized on biocompatible polymer microparticles (MPs) via plasma etching. Both conventional and liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy observations suggest that these MPs may cause cell lysis via bacterial binding to a single protrusion of the nanotexture. The bacterium/protrusion interaction locally compromises the cell wall, thus causing bacterial death. This study suggests that local mechanical damage and leakage of the cytosol kill the bacteria first, with subsequent degradation of the cell envelope. CONCLUSION Nanoscale surface roughness may act via a penetrative bactericidal mechanism. This insight suggests that future research may focus on optimizing bacterial binding to individual nanoscale projections in addition to stretching bacteria between nanopillars. Further, antibacterial nanotextures may find use in novel applications employing particles in addition to nanotextures on fibers or films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Banner
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL60607, USA
| | - Emre Firlar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL60607, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL60607, USA
| | - Justas Jakubonis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL60607, USA
| | - Yusuf Baggia
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL60607, USA
| | - Jodi K Osborn
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL60607, USA
| | - Reza Shahbazian-Yassar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL60607, USA
| | - Constantine M Megaridis
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL60607, USA
| | - Tolou Shokuhfar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL60607, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL60607, USA
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Higgins SG, Becce M, Belessiotis-Richards A, Seong H, Sero JE, Stevens MM. High-Aspect-Ratio Nanostructured Surfaces as Biological Metamaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1903862. [PMID: 31944430 PMCID: PMC7610849 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Materials patterned with high-aspect-ratio nanostructures have features on similar length scales to cellular components. These surfaces are an extreme topography on the cellular level and have become useful tools for perturbing and sensing the cellular environment. Motivation comes from the ability of high-aspect-ratio nanostructures to deliver cargoes into cells and tissues, access the intracellular environment, and control cell behavior. These structures directly perturb cells' ability to sense and respond to external forces, influencing cell fate, and enabling new mechanistic studies. Through careful design of their nanoscale structure, these systems act as biological metamaterials, eliciting unusual biological responses. While predominantly used to interface eukaryotic cells, there is growing interest in nonanimal and prokaryotic cell interfacing. Both experimental and theoretical studies have attempted to develop a mechanistic understanding for the observed behaviors, predominantly focusing on the cell-nanostructure interface. This review considers how high-aspect-ratio nanostructured surfaces are used to both stimulate and sense biological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G. Higgins
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | | | - Hyejeong Seong
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Julia E. Sero
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Mateescu M, Knopf S, Mermet F, Lavalle P, Vonna L. Role of Trapped Air in the Attachment of Staphylococcus aureus on Superhydrophobic Silicone Elastomer Surfaces Textured by a Femtosecond Laser. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:1103-1112. [PMID: 31887046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Surface texturing is an easy way to control wettability as well as bacterial adhesion. Air trapped in the surface texture of an immersed sample was often proposed as the origin of the low adhesion of bacteria to surfaces showing superhydrophobic properties. In this work, we identified two sets of femtosecond laser processing parameters that led to extreme superhydrophobic textures on a silicone elastomer but showed opposite behavior against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, ATCC 25923) over a short incubation times (6 h). The main difference from most of the previous studies was that the air trapping was not evaluated from the extrapolation of the results of the classical sessile drop technique but from the drop rebound and Wilhelmy plate method. Additionally, all wetting tests were performed with bacteria culture medium and at 37 °C in the case of the Wilhelmy plate method. Following this approach, we were able to study the formation of the liquid/silicone interface and the associated air trapping for immersed samples that is, by far, most representative of the cell culture conditions than those associated with the sessile drop technique. Finally, the conversion of these superhydrophobic coatings into superhydrophilic ones revealed that air trapping is not a necessary condition to avoid Staphylococcus aureus retention on one of these two textured surfaces at short incubation times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Mateescu
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale , Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1121 , Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Stephan Knopf
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M) CNRS - UMR 7361, Université de Haute Alsace , 15 rue Jean Starcky BP2488 , 68057 Mulhouse , France
| | - Frédéric Mermet
- IREPA-LASER , Boulevard Gonthier d'Andernach , Parc d'Innovation , 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden , France
| | - Philippe Lavalle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale , Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1121 , Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Laurent Vonna
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M) CNRS - UMR 7361, Université de Haute Alsace , 15 rue Jean Starcky BP2488 , 68057 Mulhouse , France
- Université de Strasbourg , 67081 Strasbourg , France
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Elbourne A, Cheeseman S, Atkin P, Truong NP, Syed N, Zavabeti A, Mohiuddin M, Esrafilzadeh D, Cozzolino D, McConville CF, Dickey MD, Crawford RJ, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Chapman J, Daeneke T, Truong VK. Antibacterial Liquid Metals: Biofilm Treatment via Magnetic Activation. ACS NANO 2020; 14:802-817. [PMID: 31922722 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has made the treatment of biofilm-related infections challenging. As such, the quest for next-generation antimicrobial technologies must focus on targeted therapies to which pathogenic bacteria cannot develop resistance. Stimuli-responsive therapies represent an alternative technological focus due to their capability of delivering targeted treatment. This study provides a proof-of-concept investigation into the use of magneto-responsive gallium-based liquid metal (LM) droplets as antibacterial materials, which can physically damage, disintegrate, and kill pathogens within a mature biofilm. Once exposed to a low-intensity rotating magnetic field, the LM droplets become physically actuated and transform their shape, developing sharp edges. When placed in contact with a bacterial biofilm, the movement of the particles resulting from the magnetic field, coupled with the presence of nanosharp edges, physically ruptures the bacterial cells and the dense biofilm matrix is broken down. The antibacterial efficacy of the magnetically activated LM particles was assessed against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial biofilms. After 90 min over 99% of both bacterial species became nonviable, and the destruction of the biofilms was observed. These results will impact the design of next-generation, LM-based biofilm treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Elbourne
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | - Samuel Cheeseman
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | - Paul Atkin
- School of Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
- CSIRO Australia , Private Bag 33, Clayton South MDC , Clayton , Victoria 3169 , Australia
| | - Nghia P Truong
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Monash University , 399 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3152 , Australia
| | - Nitu Syed
- School of Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- School of Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | - Md Mohiuddin
- School of Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | - Dorna Esrafilzadeh
- School of Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering , University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Kensington , NSW 2052 , Australia
| | - Daniel Cozzolino
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | - Chris F McConville
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | - Michael D Dickey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , United States
| | - Russell J Crawford
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | - Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh
- School of Chemical Engineering , University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Kensington , NSW 2052 , Australia
| | - James Chapman
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | - Torben Daeneke
- School of Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory , RMIT University , Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Facile Route of Fabricating Long-Term Microbicidal Silver Nanoparticle Clusters against Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Candida auris. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Microbial contamination remains a significant issue for many industrial, commercial, and medical applications. For instance, microbial surface contamination is detrimental to numerous aspects of food production, infection transfer, and even marine applications. As such, intense scientific interest has focused on improving the antimicrobial properties of surface coatings via both chemical and physical routes. However, there is a lack of synthetic coatings that possess long-term microbiocidal performance. In this study, silver nanoparticle cluster coatings were developed on copper surfaces via an ion-exchange and reduction reaction, followed by a silanization step. The durability of the microbiocidal activity for these develped surfaces was tested against pathogenic bacterial and fungal species, specifically Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Candida auris, over periods of 1- and 7-days. It was observed that more than 90% of E. coli and C. auris were found to be non-viable following the extended exposure times. This facile material fabrication presents as a new surface design for the production of durable microbicidal coatings which can be applied to numerous applications.
Collapse
|
73
|
Chien HW, Chen XY, Tsai WP, Lee M. Inhibition of biofilm formation by rough shark skin-patterned surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 186:110738. [PMID: 31869602 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the microscale structure of shark skin denticles at abdomen (A) and fin (F) locations, analyze the roughness and wetting properties related to their microstructures, and evaluate the effect of the surface properties on early bacterial attachment and biofilm formation. Microstructural analysis by scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed the length (A: 165-180 μm vs. F: 145-165 μm), width (A: 86-100 μm vs. F: 64-70 μm), height (A: 10.5-13.5 μm vs. F: 6.2-8.8 μm), and density (A: 110-130 denticles/mm2vs. F: 80-130 denticles/mm2) of the denticles. The results showed that the roughness and hydrophobicity properties were affected with slight differences in the microscale architecture. The denticles with a larger width, higher ridge, and denser overlap provided a rougher and more hydrophobic surface. The microscale structure not only affected surface properties but also the biological attachment process. The microscale topography of shark skin slightly promoted bacterial attachment at an early stage, but prevented bacteria from developing biofilms. This systematic investigation provides insights into the effects of the surface topography of shark skin on its anti-fouling mechanism, which will enable the future development of various products related to human activity, such as healthcare products, underwater devices and applications, and water treatment applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Wen Chien
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Photo-Sensitive Material Advanced Research and Technology Center (Photo-SMART Center), National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Pei Tsai
- Department of Fisheries Production and Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mengshan Lee
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Ge X, Ren C, Ding Y, Chen G, Lu X, Wang K, Ren F, Yang M, Wang Z, Li J, An X, Qian B, Leng Y. Micro/nano-structured TiO 2 surface with dual-functional antibacterial effects for biomedical applications. Bioact Mater 2019; 4:346-357. [PMID: 31720491 PMCID: PMC6838358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Implant-associated infections are generally difficult to cure owing to the bacterial antibiotic resistance which is attributed to the widespread usage of antibiotics. Given the global threat and increasing influence of antibiotic resistance, there is an urgent demand to explore novel antibacterial strategies other than using antibiotics. Recently, using a certain surface topography to provide a more persistent antibacterial solution attracts more and more attention. However, the clinical application of biomimetic nano-pillar array is not satisfactory, mainly because its antibacterial ability against Gram-positive strain is not good enough. Thus, the pillar array should be equipped with other antibacterial agents to fulfill the bacteriostatic and bactericidal requirements of clinical application. Here, we designed a novel model substrate which was a combination of periodic micro/nano-pillar array and TiO2 for basically understanding the topographical bacteriostatic effects of periodic micro/nano-pillar array and the photocatalytic bactericidal activity of TiO2. Such innovation may potentially exert the synergistic effects by integrating the persistent topographical antibacterial activity and the non-invasive X-ray induced photocatalytic antibacterial property of TiO2 to combat against antibiotic-resistant implant-associated infections. First, to separately verify the topographical antibacterial activity of TiO2 periodic micro/nano-pillar array, we systematically investigated its effects on bacterial adhesion, growth, proliferation, and viability in the dark without involving the photocatalysis of TiO2. The pillar array with sub-micron motif size can significantly inhibit the adhesion, growth, and proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Such antibacterial ability is mainly attributed to a spatial confinement size-effect and limited contact area availability generated by the special topography of pillar array. Moreover, the pillar array is not lethal to S. aureus and E. coli in 24 h. Then, the X-ray induced photocatalytic antibacterial property of TiO2 periodic micro/nano-pillar array in vitro and in vivo will be systematically studied in a future work. This study could shed light on the direction of surface topography design for future medical implants to combat against antibiotic-resistant implant-associated infections without using antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ge
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chengzu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Yonghui Ding
- Center for Advanced Regenerative Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Guang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Xiong Lu
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Kefeng Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Fuzeng Ren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhuochen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Junlan Li
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Xinxin An
- School of Humanities, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Bao Qian
- Department of Machine Elements and Engineering Design, University of Kassel, Kassel, 34125, Germany
| | - Yang Leng
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Rajapaksha P, Cheeseman S, Hombsch S, Murdoch BJ, Gangadoo S, Blanch EW, Truong Y, Cozzolino D, McConville CF, Crawford RJ, Truong VK, Elbourne A, Chapman J. Antibacterial Properties of Graphene Oxide–Copper Oxide Nanoparticle Nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:5687-5696. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piumie Rajapaksha
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Samuel Cheeseman
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Stuart Hombsch
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | | | - Sheeana Gangadoo
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Ewan W. Blanch
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Yen Truong
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) − Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Daniel Cozzolino
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Chris F. McConville
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Russell J. Crawford
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Aaron Elbourne
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - James Chapman
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Mansouri J, Truong VK, MacLaughlin S, Mainwaring DE, Moad G, Dagley IJ, Ivanova EP, Crawford RJ, Chen V. Polymerization-Induced Phase Segregation and Self-Assembly of Siloxane Additives to Provide Thermoset Coatings with a Defined Surface Topology and Biocidal and Self-Cleaning Properties. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1610. [PMID: 31766238 PMCID: PMC6915580 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we report on the incorporation of a siloxane copolymer additive, poly((2-phenylethyl) methylsiloxane)-co(1-phenylethyl) methylsiloxane)-co-dimethylsiloxane), which is fully soluble at room temperature, in a rapid-cure thermoset polyester coating formulation. The additive undergoes polymerization-induced phase segregation (PIPS) to self-assemble on the coating surface as discrete discoid nanofeatures during the resin cure process. Moreover, the copolymer facilitates surface co-segregation of titanium dioxide pigment microparticulate present in the coating. Depending on the composition, the coatings can display persistent superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning properties and, surprisingly, the titanium dioxide pigmented coatings that include the siloxane copolymer additive display high levels of antibacterial performance against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. This antibacterial performance is believed to be associated with the unique surface topology of these coatings, which comprise stimuli-responsive discoid nanofeatures. This paper provides details of the surface morphology of the coatings and how these relates to the antimicrobial properties of the coating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaleh Mansouri
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- Cooperative Research Centre for Polymers, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia; (V.K.T.); (I.J.D.)
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- Cooperative Research Centre for Polymers, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia; (V.K.T.); (I.J.D.)
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; (D.E.M.); (E.P.I.)
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;
| | | | - David E. Mainwaring
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; (D.E.M.); (E.P.I.)
| | - Graeme Moad
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Ian J. Dagley
- Cooperative Research Centre for Polymers, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia; (V.K.T.); (I.J.D.)
- Defence Science and Technology, Department of Defence, 506 Lorimer Street, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia
| | - Elena P. Ivanova
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; (D.E.M.); (E.P.I.)
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;
| | - Russell J. Crawford
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;
| | - Vicki Chen
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Hassan AA, Vitorino MV, Robalo T, Rodrigues MS, Sá-Correia I. Variation of Burkholderia cenocepacia cell wall morphology and mechanical properties during cystic fibrosis lung infection, assessed by atomic force microscopy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16118. [PMID: 31695169 PMCID: PMC6834607 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52604-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence that Burkholderia cenocepacia adaptive evolution during long-term infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients has on cell wall morphology and mechanical properties is poorly understood despite their crucial role in cell physiology, persistent infection and pathogenesis. Cell wall morphology and physical properties of three B. cenocepacia isolates collected from a CF patient over a period of 3.5 years were compared using atomic force microscopy (AFM). These serial clonal variants include the first isolate retrieved from the patient and two late isolates obtained after three years of infection and before the patient’s death with cepacia syndrome. A consistent and progressive decrease of cell height and a cell shape evolution during infection, from the typical rods to morphology closer to cocci, were observed. The images of cells grown in biofilms showed an identical cell size reduction pattern. Additionally, the apparent elasticity modulus significantly decreases from the early isolate to the last clonal variant retrieved from the patient but the intermediary highly antibiotic resistant clonal isolate showed the highest elasticity values. Concerning the adhesion of bacteria surface to the AFM tip, the first isolate was found to adhere better than the late isolates whose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure loss the O-antigen (OAg) during CF infection. The OAg is known to influence Gram-negative bacteria adhesion and be an important factor in B. cenocepacia adaptation to chronic infection. Results reinforce the concept of the occurrence of phenotypic heterogeneity and adaptive evolution, also at the level of cell size, form, envelope topography and physical properties during long-term infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Amir Hassan
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1049-001, Portugal.,Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Miguel V Vitorino
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.,Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago Robalo
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mário S Rodrigues
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal. .,Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Sá-Correia
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1049-001, Portugal. .,Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1049-001, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Heikkinen JJ, Peltola E, Wester N, Koskinen J, Laurila T, Franssila S, Jokinen V. Fabrication of Micro- and Nanopillars from Pyrolytic Carbon and Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E510. [PMID: 31370267 PMCID: PMC6723446 DOI: 10.3390/mi10080510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pattern formation of pyrolyzed carbon (PyC) and tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) thin films were investigated at micro- and nanoscale. Micro- and nanopillars were fabricated from both materials, and their biocompatibility was studied with cell viability tests. Carbon materials are known to be very challenging to pattern. Here we demonstrate two approaches to create biocompatible carbon features. The microtopographies were 2 μ m or 20 μ m pillars (1:1 aspect ratio) with three different pillar layouts (square-grid, hexa-grid, or random-grid orientation). The nanoscale topography consisted of random nanopillars fabricated by maskless anisotropic etching. The PyC structures were fabricated with photolithography and embossing techniques in SU-8 photopolymer which was pyrolyzed in an inert atmosphere. The ta-C is a thin film coating, and the structures for it were fabricated on silicon substrates. Despite different fabrication methods, both materials were formed into comparable micro- and nanostructures. Mouse neural stem cells were cultured on the samples (without any coatings) and their viability was evaluated with colorimetric viability assay. All samples expressed good biocompatibility, but the topography has only a minor effect on viability. Two μ m pillars in ta-C shows increased cell count and aggregation compared to planar ta-C reference sample. The presented materials and fabrication techniques are well suited for applications that require carbon chemistry and benefit from large surface area and topography, such as electrophysiological and -chemical sensors for in vivo and in vitro measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joonas J Heikkinen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, 02150 Espoo, Finland.
| | - Emilia Peltola
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Niklas Wester
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Jari Koskinen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, Kemistintie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Tomi Laurila
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Sami Franssila
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Ville Jokinen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, Tietotie 3, 02150 Espoo, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Elbourne A, Truong VK, Cheeseman S, Rajapaksha P, Gangadoo S, Chapman J, Crawford RJ. The use of nanomaterials for the mitigation of pathogenic biofilm formation. METHODS IN MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mim.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|