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Salehi E, Emam-Djomeh Z, Askari G, Fathi M. Opuntia ficus indica fruit gum: Extraction, characterization, antioxidant activity and functional properties. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 206:565-572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Shi Y, Mon AM, Fu Y, Zhang Y, Wang C, Yang X, Wang Y. The genus Ficus (Moraceae) used in diet: Its plant diversity, distribution, traditional uses and ethnopharmacological importance. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 226:185-196. [PMID: 30055253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A new field of enthnopharmacology has opened, where pharmacological studies draw their attention from the conventional only-medicine approach towards the dietary dimension. The uses of Ficus species in the human diet have been extensively documented by ethnobotanical field surveyors. Overlap commonly exist between the dietary and medicinal selection of Ficus species but not for choices of the plant parts and development stages, which leave a large space for ethnopharmacological study. AIMS OF THE STUDY 1) To review published works on the dietary uses of Ficus species and their food-medicine overlap based on traditional uses, and 2) to spark interest in ethnopharmacological studies on the dietary uses of Ficus species. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was collected and analyzed from many sources, including published and unpublished ethnobotanical field surveys, taxonomic and distribution information, international journals, books, thesis, floras, reports and professional databases. The possible biases arising from data sources are assessed to make sure that the dataset are global representative. RESULTS A total of 132 Ficus species are reported for dietary uses, including one subspecies and four varieties. Those species are found across all of the six subgenera of the genus Ficus. For distribution, 98 species from the Indo-Australasian region, 27 species from the African tropics (with one species, F. palmata, from both the two regions) and 8 from the Neotropics. The parts most commonly used are the figs (i.e. syconium or fruits) (110 species) and leaves (67 species), in various growth stages. It is also found that the certain plant parts of 78 species are used both for dietary and medicinal purpose. Among which the figs are frequently cited in the treatment of diarrhea and oligogalactia, the leaves in the treatment of diarrhea, stomach complaintsas, antidote and diabetes, the latex in the treatment of intestinal worms and wounds, and the barks in the treatment of diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that throughout its area of distribution, the genus Ficus is generally used as a dietary plant, although use of a individual species seems uncommon. Furthermore, we highlight the diet-medicine overlap of the uses of this genus, which should enable further understanding of the potential for broader health benefits, rather than limiting studies in this genus to its only-medicinal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxian Shi
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar
| | - Aye Mya Mon
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xuefei Yang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar.
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
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Rtibi K, Grami D, Wannes D, Selmi S, Amri M, Sebai H, Marzouki L. Ficus carica aqueous extract alleviates delayed gastric emptying and recovers ulcerative colitis-enhanced acute functional gastrointestinal disorders in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 224:242-249. [PMID: 29870788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ficus carica fruit, a source of bioactive functional ingredients, have been traditionally long time used for its medicinal benefits as they improve the digestive system, treating constipation and used as a natural laxative. AIM OF THE STUDY The recent study was investigated the ameliorative effect of Ficus carica L. aqueous extract (FCAE) on delayed gastric emptying and ulcerative colitis-improved motility disturbances in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were assigned randomly and received 5% DSS for seven days. Ulcerative colitis diagnosis was confirmed by clinical signs, visible fecal blood and histopatological evaluation. The estimation of the action of colitis on TGI and constipation as well as the protective effect of extract, the intestinal biochemical and physiological parameters were measured using the charcoal meal test, loperamide (Lop)-induced constipation as well as spectrophotometric assays. FCAE (150 and 300 mg kg-1) was administered orally once per day for seven days 1 h after the loperamide treatment. Phenol-red colorimetric method was used to explore the action of FCAE on gastric emptying process. RESULTS Ulcerative colitis caused a significantly gastrointestinal motility inhibition in normal rats and notably aggravated the constipation in LOP group. Oppositely, FCAE oral intake significantly increased levels of the gastrointestinal transit ratio and gastric emptying by accelerating of their times. Moreover, constipation severity induced by colitis was remarkably reduced in the FCAE treatment group, as demonstrated by a marked management of fecal parameters, water content, oxidative stress indicators, lipid metabolism, and intracellular mediators. Phytochemical analysis of FCAE revealed the presence of carbohydrates, polysaccharides, phenolic acids as gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, syringic acid and ellagic acid, and flavonoids (e.g. rutin, catechin, epicatechin and apeginine). CONCLUSIONS The obtained results indicated that FCAE exhibits a natural laxative effect without provoking diarrhea and ameliorates functional gastrointestinal (GI) and motility disorders thus justifying its traditional usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaïs Rtibi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, B.P. 382-9000 Beja, Tunisia; Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathologies, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Dhekra Grami
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, B.P. 382-9000 Beja, Tunisia
| | - Dalanda Wannes
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, B.P. 382-9000 Beja, Tunisia
| | - Slimen Selmi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, B.P. 382-9000 Beja, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amri
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathologies, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, B.P. 382-9000 Beja, Tunisia
| | - Lamjed Marzouki
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, B.P. 382-9000 Beja, Tunisia; Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathologies, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
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Elsayed AM, Hegazy UM, Hegazy MG, Abdel-Ghany SS, Salama WH, Salem AM, Fahmy AS. Purification and biochemical characterization of peroxidase isoenzymes from Ficus carica latex. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Abdel-Aty AM, Hamed MB, Gad AAM, El-Hakim AE, Mohamed SA. Ficus sycomorus latex: An efficient alternative Egyptian source for horseradish peroxidase in labeling with antibodies for immunodiagnostic kits. Vet World 2018; 11:1364-1370. [PMID: 30532487 PMCID: PMC6247892 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1364-1370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: In view of various peroxidase applications, the searching for new sources of unique peroxidase properties is highly desirable. The present study aims to evaluate the efficiency of the peroxidase of locally grown sycamore latex (POL) for conjugation with antibodies and to study the conjugate optimal conditions, storage stability, and affinity toward different substrates as compared with commercial horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Materials and Methods: Anti-mouse antibodies were prepared in rabbits and purified by protein A sepharose affinity column chromatography. The POL and HRP conjugates were prepared by one-step glutaraldehyde coupling method. The reactivity of the prepared conjugates was examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The optimal enzymatic conditions, storage stability, and affinity toward substrates were also determined for both the conjugates. Results: The POL showed higher percent recovery (98%) than HRP (78%) over the initial activity after conjugation process. The POL and HRP conjugates showed ELISA titers of 1:120 and 1:80, respectively, demonstrating high binding affinity of POL-conjugate. The POL-conjugate showed high thermal stability up to 70°C compared with HRP-conjugate up to 40°C. After conjugation, POL had wide pH stability (5.0-8.0) compared with HPR (4.5-6.0). Both of the prepared conjugates had a high affinity toward the substrates used in immunoassays with lower Km values. The POL-conjugate showed high storage stability for its enzymatic activity and ELISA titer compared with HRP-conjugate after 1 year at −20°C. Conclusion: The POL of Ficus sycomorus latex is an efficient source for labeling antibodies and could be utilized in immunodiagnostic kits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza M Abdel-Aty
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Abdul Aziz M Gad
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr E El-Hakim
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saleh A Mohamed
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Zhang Y, Wan Y, Huo B, Li B, Jin Y, Hu X. Extracts and components of Ficus carica leaves suppress survival, cell cycle, and migration of triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:4377-4386. [PMID: 30100743 PMCID: PMC6067789 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s171601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Products from Ficus carica have been used in traditional medicine to treat many diseases. This study aimed to analyze anticancer effects of extracts of F. carica leaves on the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Materials and methods The human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was used to evaluate effects of F. carica extracts. Effects of F. carica on cell viability were evaluated using MTT assays. Cell-cycle distribution was examined using cell-cycle analysis. Wound-healing assays were used to evaluate migration of MDA-MB-231. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect levels of Bax, p53, p21, GATA3, ELF5, cyclin-dependent kinases, MMP2, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase. Results We investigated the mechanism of anti-growth effects, and found that the expressions of genes that promote apoptosis were increased. In addition, the treated cells illustrated increased portion at S phase and changed expression of cyclin-dependent kinases, demonstrating cell-cycle arrest at the S phase. Furthermore, treated cells showed decreased cell mobility, which is essential for metastasis. Two of the active components of F. carica leaves, bergapten and psoralen, had similar anticancer effects as F. carica leaf extracts, indicating that these two components might play important roles in anticancer effects of F. carica leaves. Conclusion Our findings suggest that F. carica leaves might be a good source to develop drugs for suppressing cancer-cell growth and migration to treat triple-negative breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Youzhong Wan
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China, .,National Engineering Laboratory of AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Huo
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Boyuan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yue Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xin Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China,
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Rody HVS, Gontijo DDC, Coelho VPDM, Ventrella MC, Pádua RMD, Fietto LG, Leite JPV. Mutagenic activity and chemical composition of phenolic-rich extracts of leaves from two species of Ficus medicinal plants. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:861-872. [PMID: 30036158 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1498420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant species from the Ficus genus are widely used as food, and in folk medicine as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer agents, although some of these species are known to produce adverse effects. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the chemical composition as well as in vitro antioxidant and mutagenic activity of the aqueous extracts of leaves from F. adhatodifolia and F. obtusiuscula. Phytochemical screening using thin-layer chromatography identified 6 classes of secondary metabolites in the extracts. Total phenolic content was estimated by the Folin-Ciocalteau method and the phenolic profile was determined by UPLC-DAD-ESI/MS/MS. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by the DPPH radical assay and by the β-carotene/linoleic acid system. Mutagenic activity was measured by the Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation test with 4 strains, in both the presence and absence of metabolic activation. Flavonoids, coumarins, and tannins were detected in both extracts, and 6 major derivatives were identified as flavone compounds. Antioxidant activities were demonstrated for both extracts, while F. obtusiuscula contained higher concentrations of phenolic compounds. Mutagenic activity of the TA97 strain without metabolic activation was observed for both tested extracts, as well as the TA102 strain with metabolic activation. In addition, the extract of F. adhatodifolia was shown to be mutagenic to the TA102 strain without metabolic activation. Evidence indicates that the use of teas obtained from these two plant extracts in folk medicine may raise concerns and needs further investigation as a result of potential pro-oxidant mutagenic effects in the absence or presence of metabolic activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Vianna Silva Rody
- a Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , Brazil
| | - Douglas da Costa Gontijo
- b Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Maia de Pádua
- b Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - Luciano Gomes Fietto
- a Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , Brazil
| | - João Paulo Viana Leite
- a Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular , Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa , Brazil
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Sustained release of herbal drugs using biodegradable scaffold for faster wound healing and better patient compliance. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:2131-2141. [PMID: 30031095 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun scaffold has been developed using biodegradable polymer and age old herbal drug for efficient wound healing patch with much better patient compliance. Positively charged smaller particle size (40 nm) of the drug has been prepared for greater penetration through epidermal barrier to enhance the wound healing activity of drug. Controlled drug release has been understood in terms of interactions between the components through spectroscopic techniques and calorimetric studies. In-vivo study using albino rats shows better wound healing efficiency of scaffold in terms of higher wound area contraction, minimum inflammation, faster epithelialization and vascularization. Cellular studies also endorse the scaffold as better biomaterial. Clinical studies also demonstrate fast healing of different type of wounds in presence of all three wound dressing materials with histological evidences. The complete biodegradation of the patch confirms its green nature of the developed patch.
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Seethapathy GS, Ravikumar K, Paulsen BS, de Boer HJ, Wangensteen H. Ethnobotany of dioecious species: Traditional knowledge on dioecious plants in India. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 221:56-64. [PMID: 29635015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE More than 15,000 angiosperm species are dioecious, i.e., having distinct male and female individual plants. The allocation of resources between male and female plants is different, and also variation in secondary metabolites and sex-biased herbivory is reported among dioecious plants. However, little is known about the ethnobotany of dioecious species and whether preferences exist for a specific gender, e.g., in food, medicine or timber. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was: 1) to study whether Indian folk healers have preference for plant genders, and to document their knowledge and use of dioecious species; 2) to understand the concept of plant gender in Indian systems of medicine and folk medicine, and whether Ayurvedic literature includes any references to gender preference. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lists of dioecious plants used in Indian systems of medicine and folk medicine were compiled. Ethnobotanical data was collected on perceptions and awareness of dioecious plants, and preferences of use for specific genders of dioecious species using semi-structured interviews with folk healers in Tamil Nadu, India. In addition, twenty Ayurvedic doctors were interviewed to gain insight into the concept of plant gender in Ayurveda. RESULTS Indian systems of medicine contain 5-7% dioecious species, and this estimate is congruent with the number of dioecious species in flowering plants in general. Informants recognized the phenomenon of dioecy in 31 out of 40 species, and reported gender preferences for 13 species with respect to uses as timber, food and medicine. Among informants different plant traits such as plant size, fruit size, and visibility of fruits determines the perception of a plant being a male or female. Ayurvedic classical literature provides no straightforward evidence on gender preferences in preparation of medicines or treatment of illness, however it contains details about reproductive morphology and sexual differentiation of plants. CONCLUSIONS A knowledge gap exists in ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological literature on traditional knowledge of dioecious plants. From this explorative study it is evident that people have traditional knowledge on plant gender and preferential usages towards one gender. Based on this, we propose that researchers conducting ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological studies should consider documenting traditional knowledge on sexual systems of plants, and test the existence of gender specific usages in their conceptual framework and hypothesis testing. Incorporating such concepts could provide new dimensions of scientific knowledge with potential implications to conservation biology, chemical ecology, ethnoecology and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalakrishnan Saroja Seethapathy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172, 0318 Oslo, Norway; The Institute of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions (FRLHT), 74/2 Jarakabande Kaval, Post Attur via Yelahanka, Bangalore 560064, India.
| | - Kaliamoorthy Ravikumar
- The Institute of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions (FRLHT), 74/2 Jarakabande Kaval, Post Attur via Yelahanka, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Berit Smestad Paulsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Hugo J de Boer
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Helle Wangensteen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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Fatima A, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Yaseen G, Zada Khan MP, Butt MA, Sultana S. Ethnopharmacological relevance of medicinal plants used for the treatment of oral diseases in Central Punjab-Pakistan. J Herb Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Deepa P, Sowndhararajan K, Kim S, Park SJ. A role of Ficus species in the management of diabetes mellitus: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 215:210-232. [PMID: 29305899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common global health concerns, with a rapidly increasing incidence. A variety of medicinal plants, particularly those belonging to the genus Ficus (Moraceae), and their active compounds have been used to treat diabetes and related chronic disorders since ancient times. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this review is to provide information regarding traditional and scientific knowledge of Ficus species with antidiabetic activity to researchers. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was conducted to obtain information about the antidiabetic properties of Ficus from the electronic databases. Common and scientific names of various Ficus species were used as keywords for the search, along with the terms antidiabetic, hypoglycemic and diabetes. RESULTS Among the assorted species of Ficus that were included in our search, F. benghalensis, F. carica, F. glomerata, F. glumosa, F. racemosa, and F. religiosa exhibited remarkable antidiabetic properties with various mechanisms of action. Moreover, Ficus species are versatile sources of bioactive metabolites such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, coumarins, triterpenoids, sterols and vitamin E. These extracts and isolated compounds significantly have enhanced insulin secretion and subsequently reduced blood glucose level in various in vivo studies. CONCLUSION This review summarizes the antidiabetic potentials of the genus Ficus, including pharmacological studies with mechanisms of action as well as ethnobotanical uses. This review can help inform future scientific research towards the development of novel antidiabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponnuvel Deepa
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Songmun Kim
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Se Jin Park
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
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Ogunlaja OO, Moodley R, Singh M, Baijnath H, Jonnalagadda SB. Cytotoxic activity of the bioactive principles from Ficus burtt-davyi. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2018; 53:261-275. [PMID: 29278988 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1410385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ficus burtt-davyi (Moraceae) is a medicinal plant species indigenous to Southern Africa. In this study, a phytochemical and cytotoxic investigation on F. burtt-davyi was conducted to evaluate its ethno-medicinal use. The phytochemical study of the fruits yielded triterpenoids (lupeol and α-amyrin). The cytotoxic evaluation was done on the methanolic extracts and selected compounds, lupeol, α-amyrin, lupeol acetate and (+)-catechin isolated from F. burtt-davyi stem bark and fruits. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay was carried out against two human cancer cell lines, breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2), and normal human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293). The methanol extract from the stem bark was significantly cytotoxic to MCF-7 and Caco-2 cell lines (p < 0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 6.6 and 8.1 µg mL-1, respectively relative to the control. Lupeol and (+)-catechin showed cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 22.6 and 29.8 µg mL-1, respectively and greater cytotoxic activity against Caco-2 cell lines with IC50 values of 10.7 and 9.0 µg mL-1, respectively. Data from this study suggests that F. burtt-davyi exhibits cytotoxicity with no significant inhibitory effects against HEK293. The results also indicate that (+)-catechin and lupeol, the most abundant bioactive principles in the stem bark, are responsible for the synergistic cytotoxic effects against tested human cancer cell lines. This study provides evidence on the pharmaceutical potential of the medicinal plant, F. burtt-davyi, as a chemotherapeutic agent against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olumuyiwa O Ogunlaja
- a School of Chemistry and Physics , University of KwaZulu-Natal , KwaZulu-Natal, Durban , South Africa
| | - Roshila Moodley
- a School of Chemistry and Physics , University of KwaZulu-Natal , KwaZulu-Natal, Durban , South Africa
| | - Moganavelli Singh
- b School of Life Sciences , University of KwaZulu-Natal , KwaZulu-Natal, Durban , South Africa
| | - Himansu Baijnath
- b School of Life Sciences , University of KwaZulu-Natal , KwaZulu-Natal, Durban , South Africa
| | - Sreekanth B Jonnalagadda
- a School of Chemistry and Physics , University of KwaZulu-Natal , KwaZulu-Natal, Durban , South Africa
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Du J, Li J, Zhu J, Huang C, Bi S, Song L, Hu X, Yu R. Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a novel polysaccharide from Ficus carica. Food Funct 2018; 9:3930-3943. [PMID: 29974087 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00603b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel polysaccharide (FCPW80-2) with a molecular weight of 1.21 × 105 Da was first isolated from Ficus carica through hot water extraction and several chromatographic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmacology
- Jinan University 601 Huangpu Avenue West
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Chunhua Huang
- College of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmacology
- Jinan University 601 Huangpu Avenue West
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Sixue Bi
- College of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmacology
- Jinan University 601 Huangpu Avenue West
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Liyan Song
- College of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmacology
- Jinan University 601 Huangpu Avenue West
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Xianjing Hu
- College of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmacology
- Jinan University 601 Huangpu Avenue West
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Rongmin Yu
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
- College of Pharmacy
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64
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Mouho DG, Oliveira AP, Kodjo CG, Valentão P, Gil-Izquierdo A, Andrade PB, Ouattara ZA, Bekro YA, Ferreres F. Chemical findings and in vitro biological studies to uphold the use of Ficus exasperata Vahl leaf and stem bark. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 112:134-144. [PMID: 29288758 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ficus exasperata Vahl, commonly known as sandpaper, is a terrestrial Afro-tropical tree used in popular medicine. Despite the existence of some works on the biological activities of this species, its chemical composition is still poorly known. The aim of this study was to extend the knowledge on the phytochemistry and biological properties of this species. Aqueous extracts from F. exasperata leaves and stem bark were analysed. Thirty-one phenolic compounds, comprising cinnamoyl derivatives, flavonoid-O-glycosides, flavonoid-mono-C-glycosides, flavonoid-di-C-glycosides and one furanocoumarin, were determined by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn and UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS, 26 of them being reported for the first time in this species. The profile of organic acids, characterized by HPLC-UV, was also reported for the first time. The best radical scavenging activity was observed for the aqueous extract from leaves (IC50 values of 222.5, 510.0 and 50.0 μg/mL against DPPH•, •NO and O2•-, respectively). In addition, both aqueous extracts of the leaves and stem bark displayed a weak effect on α-amylase, and no cytotoxicity against gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, AGS. This study contributes to the valorisation of these vegetal materials, which may have application in functional foods and/or nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier G Mouho
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique et de Substances Naturelles (LCBONS/www.lablcbosn.com), UFR-SFA, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 B.P. 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Andreia P Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Charles Guillaume Kodjo
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique et de Substances Naturelles (LCBONS/www.lablcbosn.com), UFR-SFA, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 B.P. 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Angel Gil-Izquierdo
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100, Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Zana Adama Ouattara
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique et de Substances Naturelles (LCBONS/www.lablcbosn.com), UFR-SFA, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 B.P. 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Yves-Alain Bekro
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique et de Substances Naturelles (LCBONS/www.lablcbosn.com), UFR-SFA, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 B.P. 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Federico Ferreres
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100, Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
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65
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Azizan N, Mohd Said S, Zainal Abidin Z, Jantan I. Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oils of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth and Ficus deltoidea Jack against Pathogenic Oral Bacteria. Molecules 2017; 22:E2135. [PMID: 29206142 PMCID: PMC6149972 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the essential oils of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth and Ficus deltoidea Jack were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against invasive oral pathogens, namely Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus salivarius, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Chemical composition of the oils was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antibacterial activity of the oils and their major constituents were investigated using the broth microdilution method (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC)). Susceptibility test, anti-adhesion, anti-biofilm, checkerboard and time-kill assays were also carried out. Physiological changes of the bacterial cells after exposure to the oils were observed under the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). O. stamineus and F. deltoidea oils mainly consisted of sesquiterpenoids (44.6% and 60.9%, respectively), and β-caryophyllene was the most abundant compound in both oils (26.3% and 36.3%, respectively). Other compounds present in O. stamineus were α-humulene (5.1%) and eugenol (8.1%), while α-humulene (5.5%) and germacrene D (7.7%) were dominant in F. deltoidea. The oils of both plants showed moderate to strong inhibition against all tested bacteria with MIC and MBC values ranging 0.63-2.5 mg/mL. However, none showed any inhibition on monospecies biofilms. The time-kill assay showed that combination of both oils with amoxicillin at concentrations of 1× and 2× MIC values demonstrated additive antibacterial effect. The FESEM study showed that both oils produced significant alterations on the cells of Gram-negative bacteria as they became pleomorphic and lysed. In conclusion, the study indicated that the oils of O. stamineus and F. deltoidea possessed moderate to strong antibacterial properties against the seven strains pathogenic oral bacteria and may have caused disturbances of membrane structure or cell wall of the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuramirah Azizan
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
- Department of Clinical oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
| | - Shahida Mohd Said
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
| | - Zamirah Zainal Abidin
- Department of Clinical oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
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66
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A new topical treatment of atopic dermatitis in pediatric patients based on Ficus carica L. (Fig): A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Med 2017; 35:85-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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67
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Palassarou M, Melliou E, Liouni M, Michaelakis A, Balayiannis G, Magiatis P. Volatile profile of Greek dried white figs (Ficus carica L.) and investigation of the role of β-damascenone in aroma formation in fig liquors. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:5254-5270. [PMID: 28474390 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During an investigation of the chemical profile of Greek figs (Ficus carica L.), several aqueous ethanol extracts (liquors) were prepared from dried Smyrna fig varieties cultivated in the two major fig-producing geographical areas in Greece: Peloponnese and Evia Island. The distinctive aroma observed among the prepared fig liquors led to the investigation of the odor profile of the different fig cultivars through HS-SPME coupled with GC/MS analysis, with focus on the factors that affect it before and during the preparation of the respective liquors. RESULTS Significant variation in volatiles was noticed among all fig cultivars, as also between each fig cultivar pulp and the respective liquor. The observed diversity was a result of chemical reactions taking place in the ethanol matrix during the preparation of the liquor. The 'key' odor compound of dried fig aroma was found to be β-damascenone. Owing to its low detection threshold and minute quantity in fig cultivars, the presence of β-damascenone was furthermore confirmed through GC/MS/MS and GC/TOF-MS. β-Damascenone was identified in variable quantities among fig varieties and their liquors, predominating in Kalamon fig cultivar of Peloponnese region, while its amount was found to be dependent on the postharvest storage time and preservation process of dried figs. CONCLUSION Each of the studied fig cultivars and liquors showed a unique aroma profile, and the obtained results were used for the preparation of the first dried fig liqueur for potential commercial use with the highest content of β-damascenone. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Palassarou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Melliou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Liouni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Prokopios Magiatis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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68
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Prophetic medicine as potential functional food elements in the intervention of cancer: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:614-648. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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69
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Al-Khdhairawi AAQ, Krishnan P, Mai CW, Chung FFL, Leong CO, Yong KT, Chong KW, Low YY, Kam TS, Lim KH. A Bis-benzopyrroloisoquinoline Alkaloid Incorporating a Cyclobutane Core and a Chlorophenanthroindolizidine Alkaloid with Cytotoxic Activity from Ficus fistulosa var. tengerensis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:2734-2740. [PMID: 28926237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tengerensine (1), isolated as a racemate and constituted from a pair of bis-benzopyrroloisoquinoline enantiomers, and tengechlorenine (2), purified as a scalemic mixture and constituted from a pair of chlorinated phenanthroindolizidine enantiomers, were isolated from the leaves of Ficus fistulosa var. tengerensis, along with three other known alkaloids. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by spectroscopic data interpretation and X-ray diffraction analysis. The enantiomers of 1 were separated by chiral-phase HPLC, and the absolute configurations of (+)-1 and (-)-1 were established via experimental and calculated ECD data. Compound 1 is notable in being a rare unsymmetrical cyclobutane adduct and is the first example of a dimeric benzopyrroloisoquinoline alkaloid, while compound 2 represents the first naturally occurring halogenated phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid. Compound (+)-1 displayed a selective in vitro cytotoxic effect against MDA-MB-468 cells (IC50 7.4 μM), while compound 2 showed pronounced in vitro cytotoxic activity against all three breast cancer cell lines tested (MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231, and MCF7; IC50 values of 0.038-0.91 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Premanand Krishnan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus , Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chun-Wai Mai
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University , Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Felicia Fei-Lei Chung
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University , Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Onn Leong
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University , Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, International Medical University , Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kien-Thai Yong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kam-Weng Chong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yun-Yee Low
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Toh-Seok Kam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Hon Lim
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus , Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
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70
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Chaudhary A, Yadav BS, Singh S, Maurya PK, Mishra A, Srivastva S, Varadwaj PK, Singh NK, Mani A. Docking-based Screening of Ficus religiosa Phytochemicals as Inhibitors of Human Histamine H2 Receptor. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:S706-S714. [PMID: 29142437 PMCID: PMC5669120 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_49_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ficus religiosa L. is generally known as Peepal and belongs to family Moraceae. The tree is a source of many compounds having high medicinal value. In gastrointestinal tract, histamine H2 receptors have key role in histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion. Their over stimulation causes its excessive production which is responsible for gastric ulcer. Objective: This study aims to screen the range of phytochemicals present in F. religiosa for binding with human histamine H2 and identify therapeutics for a gastric ulcer from the plant. Materials and Methods: In this work, a 3D-structure of human histamine H2 receptor was modeled by using homology modeling and the predicted model was validated using PROCHECK. Docking studies were also performed to assess binding affinities between modeled receptor and 34 compounds. Molecular dynamics simulations were done to identify most stable receptor-ligand complexes. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and screening was done to evaluate pharmacokinetic properties of compounds. Results: The results suggest that seven ligands, namely, germacrene, bergaptol, lanosterol, Ergost-5-en-3beta-ol, α-amyrin acetate, bergapten, and γ-cadinene showed better binding affinities. Conclusion: Among seven phytochemicals, lanosterol and α-amyrin acetate were found to have greater stability during simulation studies. These two compounds may be a suitable therapeutic agent against histamine H2 receptor. SUMMARY This study was performed to screen antiulcer compounds from F. religiosa. Molecular modeling, molecular docking and MD simulation studies were performed with selected phytochemicals from F. religiosa. The analysis suggests that Lanosterol and α-amyrin may be a suitable therapeutic agent against histamine H2 receptor. This study facilitates initiation of the herbal drug discovery process for the antiulcer activity.
Abbreviations used: ADMET: Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity, DOPE: Discrete Optimized Potential Energy, OPLS: Optimized potential for liquid simulations, RMSD: Root-mean-square deviation, HOA: Human oral absorption, MW: Molecular weight, SP: Standard-precision, XP: Extra-precision, GPCRs: G protein-coupled receptors, SASA: Solvent accessible surface area, Rg: Radius of gyration, NHB: Number of hydrogen bond
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, MNNIT, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Swati Singh
- Center of Bioinformatics, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Alok Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, MNNIT, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Srivastva
- Department of Biotechnology, MNNIT, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Nand Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, MNNIT, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashutosh Mani
- Department of Biotechnology, MNNIT, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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71
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The effects of Ficus carica on the activity of enzymes related to metabolic syndrome. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 26:201-210. [PMID: 29389556 PMCID: PMC9332642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the various parts of Ficus carica L. (figs) on antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiobesogenic effects in vitro. Fruit, leaves, and stembark of the F. carica plant were sequentially extracted using organic and inorganic solvents and their total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were estimated. The effects of the extracts on antioxidative, antidiabetic (inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes), and antiobesogenic (antilipase) activities were measured using several experimental models. The fruit ethanolic extract contained a high quantity of polyphenols and flavonoids (104.67 ± 5.51 μg/mL and 81.67 ± 4.00 μg/mL) compared with all other extracts. The activity of the ethanolic extract of F. carica fruit was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than all other extracts and parts of the plant in terms of antioxidative, antidiabetic, and antiobesogenic effects. The IC50 values of the fruit ethanolic extract in terms of antioxidative (134.44 ± 18.43 μg/mL), and inhibition of α-glucosidase (255.57 ± 36.46 μg/mL), α-amylase (315.89 ± 3.83 μg/mL), and pancreatic lipase (230.475 ± 9.65 μg/mL) activity indicate that the activity of fruit ethanolic extract is better than all other extracts of the plant. The gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy analysis of the fruit ethanolic extract showed the presence of a number of bioactive compounds such as butyl butyrate, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, 1-butoxy-1-isobutoxy butane, malic acid, tetradecanoic acid, phytol acetate, trans phytol, n-hexadecanoic acid, 9Z,12Z-octadecadienoic acid, stearic acid, sitosterol, 3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-one, and 2,4,5-trimethyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one. The results of this study suggest that the ethanolic extract of the fruit of F. carica may have potential antidiabetic and antiobesogenic agents.
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72
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Turkoglu M, Pekmezci E, Kilic S, Dundar C, Sevinc H. Effect of Ficus carica
leaf extract on the gene expression of selected factors in HaCaT cells. J Cosmet Dermatol 2017; 16:e54-e58. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Turkoglu
- Biota Laboratories R&D Center; Sancaktepe Istanbul-Turkey
| | - Erkin Pekmezci
- Biota Laboratories R&D Center; Sancaktepe Istanbul-Turkey
| | - Songul Kilic
- Biota Laboratories R&D Center; Sancaktepe Istanbul-Turkey
| | - Cihat Dundar
- Biota Laboratories R&D Center; Sancaktepe Istanbul-Turkey
| | - Hakan Sevinc
- Biota Laboratories R&D Center; Sancaktepe Istanbul-Turkey
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73
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Bafor EE, McKenna J, Rowan EG, Edrada-Ebel R. Characterisation of the antiproliferative constituents and activity of Ficus exasperata (Vahl) on ovarian cancer cells -a preliminary investigation. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31:2164-2168. [PMID: 28092975 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1277348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynaecological cancers today. This study therefore investigates the anticancer effects of Ficus exasperata extracts and fractions on ovarian cancer cells. The antiproliferative activity of the crude extracts (1 mg/mL) was assessed using the MTT assay on A2780 (ovarian cancer) cell line. Bio-activity guided fractionation was performed and preliminary identification was further achieved using high resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. All crude extracts tested exhibited antiproliferative activity except for the methanol extract which interestingly showed proliferative effects. Five fatty acids were identified from the active fractions (FB1-10 and FB1-12). FB1-12 exhibited an IC50 value of 15.20 μg/mL. The least potent fraction (FB1-4 + 5) had an IC50 value of 34.51 μg/mL. H1-HEX and H1-MET exhibited 97.2 and 97.9%, respectively, compared to control. This study therefore provides proof-of-principle that fatty acids of Ficus exasperata exhibit significant antiproliferative effects on ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enitome E Bafor
- a Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer McKenna
- a Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , United Kingdom
| | - Edward G Rowan
- a Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , United Kingdom
| | - RuAngelie Edrada-Ebel
- a Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , United Kingdom
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Khezri S, Dehghan P, Mahmoudi R, Jafarlou M. Fig Juice Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria as a Nutraceutical Product. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.15171/ps.2016.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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75
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Nugroho AE, Akbar FF, Wiyani A, Sudarsono. Cytotoxic Effect and Constituent Profile of Alkaloid Fractions from Ethanolic Extract of Ficus septica Burm. f. Leaves on T47D Breast Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:7337-42. [PMID: 26514534 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.16.7337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the profile of alkaloids in two ethyl acetate soluble fractions, namely fractions A and B from an ethanolic extract of Ficus septica leaves and cytotoxic effect on T47D breast cancer cells. Preparation of both fractions involved maceration of leaves with 70% (v/v) ethanol, filtration with Al2O3, precipitation with 0.1 N HCl, Mayer reagent, and 0.1 N NaOH, and also partition with ethyl acetate. Qualitative thin layer chromatography (TLC) was conducted to determine the profile of alkaloids in the two fractions, using alkaloid specific reagents such as Dragendorff, sodium nitrite, and Van Urk-Salkowski. Cytotoxic effects of both fractions on T47D cells were evaluated using MTT assay with a concentration series of 1.56; 3.12; 6.25; 12.5; 25 and 50 μg/mL. The TLC test showed that fractions A and B contained alkaloids with Rx values of 0.74 and 0.80 for fraction A and 0.74, 0.84, 0.92 for fraction B with regard to yohimbine using the mobile phase of n-buthanol:glacial acetic acid:distilled water (3:1:1 v/v/v). Moreover, an indole alkaloid was detected with Rx values of 0.80 and 0.84, respectively. Fractions A and B exhibited high cytotoxic effects on T47D cells with IC50 values of 2.57 and 2.73 μg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, overall the results of this study showed that fractions of Ficus septica contain alkaloids including indole alkaloid or its derivatives and possess a cytotoxic effect on T47D cells. This research supports the idea that alkaloids in F. septica have anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agung Endro Nugroho
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogykarta, Indonesia E-mail : ;
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Maghsoudlou E, Esmaeilzadeh Kenari R, Raftani Amiri Z. Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Fig (Ficus carica) Pulp and Skin Extract and Its Application in Enhancing Oxidative Stability of Canola Oil. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Maghsoudlou
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU); Khazar Abad Road, P.O. Box 578 Sari, Mazandaran Iran
| | - Reza Esmaeilzadeh Kenari
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU); Khazar Abad Road, P.O. Box 578 Sari, Mazandaran Iran
| | - Zeinab Raftani Amiri
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU); Khazar Abad Road, P.O. Box 578 Sari, Mazandaran Iran
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77
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Deng YT, Liang G, Shi Y, Li HL, Zhang J, Mao XM, Fu QR, Peng WX, Chen QX, Shen DY. Condensed tannins from Ficus altissima leaves: Structural, antioxidant, and antityrosinase properties. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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78
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Raskovic BG, Polovic ND. Collegenase activity in fig latex could contribute to its efficacy in ethnomedicinal preparations. J Herb Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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79
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Mahmoudi S, Khali M, Benkhaled A, Benamirouche K, Baiti I. Phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of leaf extracts from ten Algerian Ficus carica L. varieties. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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80
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Raskovic B, Lazic J, Polovic N. Characterisation of general proteolytic, milk clotting and antifungal activity of Ficus carica latex during fruit ripening. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:576-82. [PMID: 25664689 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The physiological role of fig latex is to protect the plant from pathogens. Latex is a rich source of proteases, predominantly ficin. Fig latex also contains collagenolytic protease and chitinolytic enzymes. Our aim was to investigate changes in protein composition, enzyme and antifungal activities of fig latex during fruit ripening. RESULTS Comparison of latex samples in different time periods showed a uniform increase of protein concentration in chronological order. The content of collagenolytic protease did not differ significantly in the latex samples, while the content of ficin decreased. Ficin-specific activity towards casein was the highest at the beginning of fruit development (about 80 U mg(-1)). Specific milk clotting activity increased as well as the abundance of casein band in the clots. Specific chitinolytic activity at the beginning of flowering was 6.5 times higher than the activity in the period when fruits are ripe. Antifungal activity is the most extensive in spring. CONCLUSION Ficin forms with different casein specificities are present in different proportions during fruit ripening, which is of importance for applications in the dairy industry. The protection mechanism against insects and fungi, which relies on chitinolytic activity, is the most important in the early phases of flowering and is replaced with other strategies over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brankica Raskovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Jelena Lazic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Natalija Polovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
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81
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Debib A, Dueñas M, Boumediene M, Mothana RA, Latifa A, Tir-Touil MA. Synergetic Hepatoprotective Effect of Phenolic Fractions Obtained from Ficus Carica
Dried Fruit and Extra Virgin Olive Oil on CCL4
-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatotoxicity in Rats. J Food Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Debib
- SNV Faculty, BPC Department; Blida 1 University; Blida 09022 Algeria
- Bioconversion, Microbiological Engineering and Health Security Laboratory, SNV Faculty; Mascara University; Mascara 29000 Algeria
| | - Montserrat Dueñas
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles, Unidad de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno; 37007 Salamanca Spain
| | - Meddah Boumediene
- Bioconversion, Microbiological Engineering and Health Security Laboratory, SNV Faculty; Mascara University; Mascara 29000 Algeria
| | - Ramzi Ahmad Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy; King Saud University; PO Box 2457 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Alioui Latifa
- Bioconversion, Microbiological Engineering and Health Security Laboratory, SNV Faculty; Mascara University; Mascara 29000 Algeria
| | - Meddah Aicha Tir-Touil
- Bioconversion, Microbiological Engineering and Health Security Laboratory, SNV Faculty; Mascara University; Mascara 29000 Algeria
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82
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Chen P, Wang B, Pan B, Guo W. Resveratrol-4‑O-D‑(2'-galloyl)-glucopyranoside exerts an anticancer effect on leukemia cells via inducing apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:2281-6. [PMID: 26781500 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the anticancer effects of resveratrol‑4‑O‑D-(2'‑galloyl)-glucopyranoside (REG) on leukemia and the mechanism underlying its effects. Three leukemia cell lines (HL‑60, Jurkat and U937) were used in this study. A Cell Counting kit‑8 assay was performed to evaluate the anti‑proliferative activity of REG on leukemia cell lines, and flow cytometric analysis was used to detect REG‑induced apoptosis. In addition, western blot analysis was conducted to detect the levels of apoptosis‑related proteins including, cytochrome c, cleaved (c)‑caspases‑3 and ‑9, B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2) and Bcl‑2‑associated protein x (Bax). Finally, a HL‑60 cell xenograft model in nude mice was used to evaluate the antitumor effect of REG on leukemia in vivo. The present results indicated that REG can significantly inhibit the proliferation of HL‑60, Jurkat and U937 cell lines in a concentration‑ and time‑dependent manner. The half maximal inhibitory concentration values were 38.4, 49.1 and 48.2 µg/ml for HL‑60, Jurkat and U937 cells, respectively. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that REG can induce the apoptosis of HL‑60 cells, as well as increase the levels of cytochrome c, c‑caspases‑3 and ‑9, and Bax, as well as downregulate the expression of Bcl‑2. In vivo, REG was found to possess a marked anticancer effect on leukemia. In combination, the present results indicated that REG exerts significant anticancer effects on leukemia in vivo and in vitro through the induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Beili Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Baishen Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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83
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Mawa S, Jantan I, Husain K. Isolation of Terpenoids from the Stem of Ficus aurantiaca Griff and their Effects on Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Chemotactic Activity of Neutrophils. Molecules 2016; 21:9. [PMID: 26742027 PMCID: PMC6273527 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new triterpenoids; namely 28,28,30-trihydroxylupeol (1); 3,21,21,26-tetrahydroxy-lanostanoic acid (2) and dehydroxybetulinic acid (3) and seven known compounds; i.e., taraxerone (4); taraxerol (5); ethyl palmitate (6); herniarin (7); stigmasterol (8); ursolic acid (9) and acetyl ursolic acid (10) were isolated from the stem of Ficus aurantiaca Griff. The structures of the compounds were established by spectroscopic techniques. The compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) chemotaxis by using the Boyden chamber technique and on human whole blood and neutrophil reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by using a luminol-based chemiluminescence assay. Among the compounds tested, compounds 1–4, 6 and 9 exhibited strong inhibition of PMN migration towards the chemoattractant N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) with IC50 values of 6.8; 2.8; 2.5; 4.1; 3.7 and 3.6 μM, respectively, comparable to that of the positive control ibuprofen (6.7 μM). Compounds 2–4, 6, 7 and 9 exhibited strong inhibition of ROS production of PMNs with IC50 values of 0.9; 0.9; 1.3; 1.1; 0.5 and 0.8 μM, respectively, which were lower than that of aspirin (9.4 μM). The bioactive compounds might be potential lead molecules for the development of new immunomodulatory agents to modulate the innate immune response of phagocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukranul Mawa
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
| | - Khairana Husain
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
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84
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Kubo M, Yatsuzuka W, Matsushima S, Harada K, Inoue Y, Miyamoto H, Matsumoto M, Fukuyama Y. Antimalarial Phenanthroindolizine Alkaloids from Ficus septica. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:957-60. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c16-00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Kubo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University
| | | | | | - Kenichi Harada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Microbiological Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | - Hisashi Miyamoto
- Microbiological Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | - Makoto Matsumoto
- Microbiological Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
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85
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Lomolino G, Zannoni S, Di Pierro G. Characterization of Crude Esterase Activity from Two Plants Used in Cheese Making:Cynara cardunculusL. andFicus caricaL. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2015.1091976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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86
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Al-matani SK, Al-Wahaibi RNS, Hossain MA. In vitro evaluation of the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and the antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activities of crude fruit extracts with different polarities from Ficus sycomorus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psra.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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87
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Peng W, Wu JG, Jiang YB, Liu YJ, Sun T, Wu N, Wu CJ. Antitumor activity of 4-O-(2″-O-acetyl-6″-O-p-coumaroyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-p-coumaric acid against lung cancers via mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 233:8-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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88
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Methanolic Extract of Ficus carica Linn. Leaves Exerts Antiangiogenesis Effects Based on the Rat Air Pouch Model of Inflammation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:760405. [PMID: 25977699 PMCID: PMC4419259 DOI: 10.1155/2015/760405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The antiangiogenesis effect of Ficus carica leaves extract in an air pouch model of inflammation was investigated in rat. Inflammation was induced by injection of carrageenan into pouches. After antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content (TPC) investigations, the extract was administered at 5, 25, and 50 mg/pouch, and then the volume of exudates, the cell number, TNFα, PGE2, and VEGF levels were measured. Angiogenesis of granulation tissues was determined by measuring hemoglobin content. Based on the DPPH assay, the extract had significant antioxidant activity with TPC of 11.70 mg GAE/100 g dry sample. In addition, leukocyte accumulation and volume of exudate were significantly inhibited by the extract. Moreover, it significantly decreased the production of TNFα, PGE2, and VEGF, while angiogenesis was significantly inhibited by all administered doses. Interestingly, attenuation of angiogenesis and inflammatory parameters (except leukocyte accumulation) by the extract was similar to that shown by diclofenac. The extract has anti-inflammatory effects and ameliorated cell influx and exudation to the site of the inflammatory response which may be related to the local inhibition of TNFα, PGE2, and VEGF levels as similarly shown by diclofenac. The antiangiogenesis and anti-VEGF effects of Ficus carica may be correlated with its significant antioxidant potentials.
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Abstract
This review of simple indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids (i.e., those in which the parent bicyclic systems are in general not embedded in polycyclic arrays) is an update of the previous coverage in Volume 55 of this series (2001). The present survey covers the literature from mid-1999 to the end of 2013; and in addition to aspects of the isolation, characterization, and biological activity of the alkaloids, much emphasis is placed on their total synthesis. A brief introduction to the topic is followed by an overview of relevant alkaloids from fungal and microbial sources, among them slaframine, cyclizidine, Steptomyces metabolites, and the pantocins. The important iminosugar alkaloids lentiginosine, steviamine, swainsonine, castanospermine, and related hydroxyindolizidines are dealt with in the subsequent section. The fourth and fifth sections cover metabolites from terrestrial plants. Pertinent plant alkaloids bearing alkyl, functionalized alkyl or alkenyl substituents include dendroprimine, anibamine, simple alkaloids belonging to the genera Prosopis, Elaeocarpus, Lycopodium, and Poranthera, and bicyclic alkaloids of the lupin family. Plant alkaloids bearing aryl or heteroaryl substituents include ipalbidine and analogs, secophenanthroindolizidine and secophenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids (among them septicine, julandine, and analogs), ficuseptine, lasubines, and other simple quinolizidines of the Lythraceae, the simple furyl-substituted Nuphar alkaloids, and a mixed quinolizidine-quinazoline alkaloid. The penultimate section of the review deals with the sizable group of simple indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids isolated from, or detected in, ants, mites, and terrestrial amphibians, and includes an overview of the "dietary hypothesis" for the origin of the amphibian metabolites. The final section surveys relevant alkaloids from marine sources, and includes clathryimines and analogs, stellettamides, the clavepictines and pictamine, and bis(quinolizidine) alkaloids.
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90
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Alam P, Basudan O, Siddiqui N, Al-Rehaily A, Alqasoumi S, Abdel-Kader M, Donia A, Alam P. Development of a densitometric high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for the quantitative analysis of biomarker lupeol in the leaves of different species of genus Ficus. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2015. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.28.2015.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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91
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Ammar S, Contreras MDM, Belguith-Hadrich O, Bouaziz M, Segura-Carretero A. New insights into the qualitative phenolic profile of Ficus carica L. fruits and leaves from Tunisia using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and their antioxidant activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16746e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RP-UHPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS gives new insights into the fig phenolic constituents that correlate with their antioxidant potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonda Ammar
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF)
- Granada
- Spain
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et Environnement
- École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax
| | - María del Mar Contreras
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF)
- Granada
- Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
| | - Olfa Belguith-Hadrich
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et Environnement
- École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax
- Université de Sfax
- Tunisia,
| | - Mohamed Bouaziz
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et Environnement
- École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax
- Université de Sfax
- Tunisia,
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF)
- Granada
- Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
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Yap VA, Loong BJ, Ting KN, Loh SHS, Yong KT, Low YY, Kam TS, Lim KH. Hispidacine, an unusual 8,4'-oxyneolignan-alkaloid with vasorelaxant activity, and hispiloscine, an antiproliferative phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid, from Ficus hispida Linn. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 109:96-102. [PMID: 25468714 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hispidacine, an 8,4'-oxyneolignan featuring incorporation of an unusual 2-hydroxyethylamine moiety at C-7, and hispiloscine, a phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid, were isolated from the stem-bark and leaves of the Malaysian Ficus hispida Linn. Their structures were established by spectroscopic analysis. Hispidacine induced a moderate vasorelaxant activity in rat isolated aorta, while hispiloscine showed appreciable antiproliferative activities against MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, A549, HCT-116 and MRC-5 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Alicia Yap
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bi-Juin Loong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kang-Nee Ting
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sandy Hwei-San Loh
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kien-Thai Yong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yun-Yee Low
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Toh-Seok Kam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Hon Lim
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
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93
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Ammar S, del Mar Contreras M, Belguith-Hadrich O, Segura-Carretero A, Bouaziz M. Assessment of the distribution of phenolic compounds and contribution to the antioxidant activity in Tunisian fig leaves, fruits, skins and pulps using mass spectrometry-based analysis. Food Funct 2015; 6:3663-77. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00837a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The qualitative and quantitative phenolic composition explains the differences in the antioxidant activity of fig leaves, fruits, pulps, and skins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonda Ammar
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF)
- Bioregión Building
- Health Science Technological Park
- Granada
- Spain
| | - María del Mar Contreras
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF)
- Bioregión Building
- Health Science Technological Park
- Granada
- Spain
| | - Olfa Belguith-Hadrich
- Laboratoire d’Électrochimie et Environnement
- École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax BP “1173” 3038
- Université de Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF)
- Bioregión Building
- Health Science Technological Park
- Granada
- Spain
| | - Mohamed Bouaziz
- Laboratoire d’Électrochimie et Environnement
- École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax BP “1173” 3038
- Université de Sfax
- Tunisia
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94
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Allahyari S, Delazar A, Najafi M. Evaluation of general toxicity, anti-oxidant activity and effects of ficus carica leaves extract on ischemia/reperfusion injuries in isolated heart of rat. Adv Pharm Bull 2014; 4:577-82. [PMID: 25671192 DOI: 10.5681/apb.2014.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was aimed to evaluate general toxicity, anti-oxidant activity and effects of Ficus carica leaves extract on ischemia/reperfusion injuries. METHODS Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid compounds of 70% methanolic extract of Ficus carica leaves were measured. The general toxicity test was carried out by brine shrimp lethality assay. Isolated hearts of male rats were mounted on a Langendorff apparatus and perfused with modified Krebs-Henseleit solution. In control group, the hearts were perfused with normal Krebs solution, however, treatment groups received enriched solution with the extract (0.04, 0.2 and 1 mg/ml) during stabilization and reperfusion (after 30 min global ischemia), respectively. Cardiac arrhythmias were analyzed and TTC method was used for infarct size determination. RESULTS The extract displayed antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay (RC50=0.06666 mg/ml). Total phenolic content was 12.29 mg GAE/100 g dry sample and the amount of flavonoids was calculated 40.729 mg/g. LD50 value by brine shrimp test was 0.158 mg/ml. The extract decreased number of VEBs, incidence and duration of Rev VF with clear reduction in infarct size and infarct volume (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Ficus carica decreased ischemia/reperfusion-induced injuries. These protections are probably due to antioxidant capacity and the existence of flavonoid and phenolic compounds in the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Allahyari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Delazar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Moslem Najafi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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95
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Abubakar IB, Lim KH, Loh HS. Alkaloid extracts of Ficus species and palm oil-derived tocotrienols synergistically inhibit proliferation of human cancer cells. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:2137-40. [PMID: 25515603 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.991927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Tocotrienols have been reported to possess anticancer effects other than anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This study explored the potential synergism of antiproliferative effects induced by individual alkaloid extracts of Ficus fistulosa, Ficus hispida and Ficus schwarzii combined with δ- and γ-tocotrienols against human brain glioblastoma (U87MG), lung adenocarcinoma (A549) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cells. Cell viability and morphological results demonstrated that extracts containing a mixture of alkaloids from the leaves and bark of F. schwarzii inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cells, whereas the alkaloid extracts of F. fistulosa inhibited the proliferation of both U87MG and HT-29 cells and showed synergism in combined treatments with either δ- or γ-tocotrienol resulting in 2.2-34.7 fold of reduction in IC50 values of tocotrienols. The observed apoptotic cell characteristics in conjunction with the synergistic antiproliferative effects of Ficus species-derived alkaloids and tocotrienols assuredly warrant future investigations towards the development of a value-added chemotherapeutic regimen against cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Babangida Abubakar
- a Faculty of Science, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus , Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Hon Lim
- b Faculty of Science, School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus , Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Hwei-San Loh
- a Faculty of Science, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus , Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih , Selangor , Malaysia.,c Biotechnology Research Centre, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus , Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih , Selangor , Malaysia
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Raskovic B, Bozovic O, Prodanovic R, Niketic V, Polovic N. Identification, purification and characterization of a novel collagenolytic serine protease from fig (Ficus carica var. Brown Turkey) latex. J Biosci Bioeng 2014; 118:622-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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97
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Alqasoumi SI, Basudan OA, Al-Rehaily AJ, Abdel-Kader MS. Phytochemical and pharmacological study of Ficus palmata growing in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J 2014; 22:460-71. [PMID: 25473335 PMCID: PMC4246364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical study of the aerial parts of Ficus palmata utilizing liquid-liquid fractionation and different chromatographic techniques resulted in the isolation of a new isomer of psoralenoside namely, trans-psoralenoside (5) in addition to, one triterpene: germanicol acetate (1), two furanocoumarins: psoralene (2), bergapten (3), one aromatic acid vanillic acid (4) and the flavone glycoside rutin (6). Structures of the isolated compounds were established through physical, 1D- and 2D-NMR and MS data. The total extract and fractions of the plant were examined in vivo for its possible effects as hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, antiulcer and anticoagulant activities in comparison with standard drugs. Hepatoprotective activity was assessed via serum biochemical parameters including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin. Tissue parameters such as non-protein sulfhydryl groups (NP-SH), malonaldehyde (MDA) and total protein (TP) were also measured. In addition to tissue parameters, nephroprotective effect was evaluated by measuring the serum levels of sodium, potassium, creatinine and urea. Histopathological study for both liver and kidney cells was also conducted. Antiulcer activity was explored by observing stomach lesions after treatment with ethanol. Whole blood clotting time (CT) was taken as a measure for the anticoagulant activity of the extract. Antioxidant activity of the total extract and fractions of the plant was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and ascorbic acid as standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Ibrahim Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer Ahmed Basudan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Jathlan Al-Rehaily
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged Saad Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Salman Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21215, Egypt
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98
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Ficus carica polysaccharides promote the maturation and function of dendritic cells. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:12469-79. [PMID: 25026176 PMCID: PMC4139854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150712469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Various polysaccharides purified from plants are considered to be biological response modifiers and have been shown to enhance immune responses. Ficus carica L. is a Chinese traditional plant and has been widely used in Asian countries for its anti-tumor properties. Ficus carica polysaccharides (FCPS), one of the most essential and effective components in Ficus carica L., have been considered to be a beneficial immunomodulator and may be used in immunotherapy. However, the immunologic mechanism of FCPS is still unclear. Dectin-1 is a non-toll-like pattern recognition receptor, predominately expressed on dendritic cells (DCs). Activation of DCs through dectin-1 signaling can lead to the maturation of DC, thus inducing both innate and adaptive immune responses against tumor development and microbial infection. In our study, we found that FCPS could effectively stimulate DCs, partially through the dectin-1/Syk pathway, and promote their maturation, as shown by the up-regulation of CD40, CD80, CD86, and major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII). FCPS also enhanced the production of cytokines by DCs, including IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-23. Moreover, FCPS-treated DCs showed an enhanced capability to stimulate T cells and promote T cell proliferation. Altogether, these results demonstrate that FCPS are able to activate and maturate DCs, thereby up-regulating the immunostimulatory capacity of DCs, which leads to enhanced T cell responses.
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99
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Farag MA, Abdelfattah MS, Badr SE, Wessjohann LA. Profiling the chemical content of Ficus lyrata extracts via UPLC-PDA-qTOF-MS and chemometrics. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:1549-56. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.926353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini 11562, Egypt
| | | | - Sherif E.A. Badr
- Regional Center for Food and Feed (RCFF), Agriculture Researchers Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ludger A. Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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100
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Camero M, Marinaro M, Lovero A, Elia G, Losurdo M, Buonavoglia C, Tempesta M. In vitro antiviral activity of Ficus carica latex against caprine herpesvirus-1. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:2031-5. [PMID: 24853920 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.918120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The latex of Ficus carica Linn. (Moraceae) has been shown to possess antiviral properties against some human viruses. To determine the ability of F. carica latex (F-latex) to interfere with the infection of caprine herpesvirus-1 (CpHV-1) in vitro, F-latex was resuspended in culture media containing 1% ethanol and was tested for potential antiviral effects against CpHV-1. Titration of CpHV-1 in the presence or in the absence of F-latex was performed on monolayers of Madin Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cells. Simultaneous addition of F-latex and CpHV-1 to monolayers of MDBK cells resulted in a significant reduction of CpHV-1 titres 3 days post-infection and this effect was comparable to that induced by acyclovir. The study suggests that the F-latex is able to interfere with the replication of CpHV-1 in vitro on MDBK cells and future studies will determine the mechanisms responsible for the observed antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Camero
- a Department of Veterinary Medicine , University of Bari , Sp. Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano , BA , Italy
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