51
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Association between the CpG island methylator phenotype and its prognostic significance in primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10675-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4932-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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52
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Cao Y, Zhu LZ, Jiang MJ, Yuan Y. Clinical impacts of a micropapillary pattern in lung adenocarcinoma: a review. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 9:149-58. [PMID: 26770064 PMCID: PMC4706128 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s94747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma with a micropapillary pattern (MPPAC) has recently drawn increased attention among researchers. Micropapillary-predominant adenocarcinoma (MPA), which is defined by micropapillary pattern (MPP), is the primary histological pattern observed semiquantitatively in 5% increments on resection specimens, and MPA was formally determined to be a new histological subtype according to the new multidisciplinary classification in 2011. According to published studies, MPPAC is most common in males and nonsmokers and is associated with lymphatic invasion, pleural invasion, and lymph node metastases. MPPAC often presents as part-solid and lobulated nodules in computed tomography scans. MPP tends to have a higher maximum standardized uptake value as determined by fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography, indicating a high risk of recurrence. Molecular markers, including vimentin, napsin A, phosphorylated c-Met, cytoplasmic maspin, Notch-1, MUC1, and tumoral CD10, may have higher expression in MPPAC than other subtypes; conversely, markers such as MUC4 and surfactant apoprotein A have lower expression in MPPAC. MPPAC with EGFR mutations can benefit from treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Furthermore, a complete lobectomy may be more suitable than limited resection for MPPAC because of the low sensitivity of intraoperative frozen sections and the high risk of lymph node metastasis. MPA benefits more from adjuvant chemotherapy than do other histological subtypes, whereas MPA does not benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy. Of note, MPP is associated with poor prognosis in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma, but the prognostic value of MPP is controversial in advanced-stage lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Zhen Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Jie Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Clay TD, Russell PA, Do H, Sundararajan V, Conron M, Wright GM, Dobrovic A, Moore MM, McLachlan SA. Associations between the IASLC/ATS/ERS lung adenocarcinoma classification and EGFR and KRAS mutations. Pathology 2015; 48:17-24. [PMID: 27020204 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We sought to investigate the frequency of mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Kirsten-RAS (KRAS) by each pathological subtype for patients with resected pulmonary adenocarcinoma as defined by the IASLC/ATS/ERS classification. Histological examination determined the predominant subtype according to the IASLC/ATS/ERS classification. EGFR and KRAS mutations were determined by high-resolution melting and Sanger sequencing. Clinical data were collected from medical records and clinicians. The 178 consecutive patients consisted of 48% males, median age 68 years (range 20-87) and smoking history 78%. The tumour stage was I in 62%, II in 18% and III in 20%. The mutation rates were: EGFR 30%; KRAS 28%. The rate of EGFR mutations in the acinar predominant reference group (n=76), was 37%. The solid predominant subtype showed significantly fewer EGFR mutations [3/33 (9%), odds ratio 0.17 (0.05-0.61), p=0.007]. No differences in mutation rate were observed in other subtypes. No association was found between KRAS mutations and predominant histological subtype. Advanced stage and solid predominant subtype were negative prognostic factors. EGFR mutations can be present in adenocarcinoma of any predominant subtype, however rarely in solid predominant tumours. No association was found between KRAS mutation and the predominant histological subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Clay
- St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - P A Russell
- St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - H Do
- University of Melbourne, Australia; Translational Genomics and Epigenetics Laboratory, Olivia Newton John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Australia
| | | | - M Conron
- St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - G M Wright
- St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - A Dobrovic
- University of Melbourne, Australia; Translational Genomics and Epigenetics Laboratory, Olivia Newton John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Australia
| | - M M Moore
- St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - S A McLachlan
- St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Australia
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54
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Gou LY, Niu FY, Wu YL, Zhong WZ. Differences in driver genes between smoking-related and non-smoking-related lung cancer in the Chinese population. Cancer 2015; 121 Suppl 17:3069-79. [PMID: 26331813 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, non-smoking-related lung cancer was classified as an independent disease entity because it is different from tobacco-associated lung cancer. Non-smoking-related lung cancer occurs more often in women than men, and the predominant histological type is adenocarcinoma (ADC) rather than squamous cell carcinoma. Most of the driver gene alterations that have been identified in ADC in never-smokers include epidermal growth factor receptor mutations, KRAS mutations, echinoderm microtubule-associated protein like 4/anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion, and ROS1 fusion, among others. Meanwhile, significant progress has been made in the treatment of ADC. However, in comparison with ADC, no such available molecular targets exist for smoking-associated lung cancer, for which treatment strategies are limited. Next-generation sequencing has been widely applied to the discovery of more genetic profiles of lung cancers. This review summarizes the differences between smoking-related and non-smoking-related lung cancer as follows: different somatic mutation burdens, C:G→A:T transversions, common and novel driver genes, and treatment strategies. Overall, smoking-related lung cancer is more complicated than non-smoking-related lung cancer. Furthermore, we review the prevalence of driver genes in smoking-associated and non-smoking-associated lung cancers in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Ying Gou
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Yu Niu
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Zhao Zhong
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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55
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Shi Y, Li J, Zhang S, Wang M, Yang S, Li N, Wu G, Liu W, Liao G, Cai K, Chen L, Zheng M, Yu P, Wang X, Liu Y, Guo Q, Nie L, Liu J, Han X. Molecular Epidemiology of EGFR Mutations in Asian Patients with Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer of Adenocarcinoma Histology - Mainland China Subset Analysis of the PIONEER study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143515. [PMID: 26599344 PMCID: PMC4657882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are the strongest response predictors to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) therapy, but knowledge of the EGFR mutation frequency on lung adenocarcinoma is still limited to retrospective studies. The PIONEER study (NCT01185314) is a prospective molecular epidemiology study in Asian patients with newly diagnosed advanced lung adenocarcinoma, aiming to prospectively analyze EGFR mutation status in IIIB/IV treatment-naïve lung adenocarcinomas in Asia. We report the mainland China subset results. Eligible patients (≥20 yrs old, IIIB/IV adenocarcinoma and treatment-naïve) were registered in 17 hospitals in mainland China. EGFR was tested for mutations by amplification refractory mutation system using biopsy samples. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected for subgroup analyses. A total of 747 patients were registered. Successful EGFR mutation analysis was performed in 741, with an overall mutation rate of 50.2%. The EGFR active mutation rate is 48.0% (with 1.3% of combined active and resistance mutations). Tobacco use (>30 pack-year vs. 0–10 pack-year, OR 0.27, 95%CI: 0.17–0.42) and regional lymph nodes involvement (N3 vs. N0, OR 0.47, 95%CI: 0.29–0.76) were independent predictors of EGFR mutation in multivariate analysis. However, even in regular smokers, the EGFR mutation frequency was 35.3%. The EGFR mutation frequency was similar between diverse biopsy sites and techniques. The overall EGFR mutation frequency of the mainland China subset was 50.2%, independently associated with the intensity of tobacco use and regional lymph nodes involvement. The relatively high frequency of EGFR mutations in the mainland China subset suggest that any effort to obtain tissue sample for EGFR mutation testing should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankai Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, No.17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing (100021), China
- * E-mail:
| | - Junling Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, No.17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing (100021), China
| | - Shucai Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing (1011429), China
| | - Mengzhao Wang
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (100005), China
| | - Shujun Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou (450008), Henan Province, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou (510095), Guangdong Province, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan (430030), Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang (050035), Hebei Province, China
| | - Guoqing Liao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The 309th Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing (100091), China
| | - Kaican Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou (510515), Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liang’an Chen
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing (100853), China
| | - Meizhen Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang (110042), Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu (610041), Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiuwen Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan (250012), Shandong Province, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang (110001), Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qisen Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan (250117), Shandong Province, China
| | - Ligong Nie
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing (100034), China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian (116011), Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaohong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, No.17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing (100021), China
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56
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Shi X, Pang Q, Zhao G, Zhao L, Wang P. [Advances of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma with Micropapillary Pattern]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2015; 18:701-5. [PMID: 26582227 PMCID: PMC6000319 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2015.11.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
伴微乳头结构(micropapillary pattern, MPP)肺腺癌是一种临床少见的具有高度侵袭性的恶性肿瘤,近年来因其高死亡率被人们所重视。2011年关于肺腺癌的病理新分类将其作为一种独立的病理类型,此后针对该类肺癌个体化治疗的相关研究逐渐展开。近期的相关研究发现,伴MPP肺腺癌在转移机制、临床病理学、影像学、治疗及预后方面具有显著异质性。本文对伴MPP肺腺癌转移机制及相关临床研究进展进行探讨。
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Shi
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Qingsong Pang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Lujun Zhao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
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57
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Lung adenocarcinoma: Are skip N2 metastases different from non-skip? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 150:790-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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58
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Fallet V, Saffroy R, Girard N, Mazieres J, Lantuejoul S, Vieira T, Rouquette I, Thivolet-Bejui F, Ung M, Poulot V, Schlick L, Moro-Sibilot D, Antoine M, Cadranel J, Lemoine A, Wislez M. High-throughput somatic mutation profiling in pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinomas using the LungCarta™ Panel: exploring therapeutic targets. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:1748-53. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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59
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Abdurahman A, Anwar J, Turghun A, Niyaz M, Zhang L, Awut I. Epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutation status and its association with clinical characteristics and tumor markers in non-small-cell lung cancer patients in Northwest China. Mol Clin Oncol 2015; 3:847-850. [PMID: 26171194 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2015.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its association with clinical characteristics and tumor markers in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients from the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China. We enrolled 51 cases of NSCLC patients who received radical surgical treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to detect exons 18, 19, 20 and 21 of the EGFR gene in tumor tissues. Multiple tumor markers, including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), were assessed preoperatively. The EGFR-positive rate was 49.02% (25/51), with a mutation rate of 8% (2/25) in exon 18, 52% (13/51) in exon 19, 40% (10/51) in exon 21 and no mutations in exon 20. The positive mutation rate in men and women was 37.5% (12/32) and 68.42%, respectively (13/19), with a statistically significantly higher rate in women (P<0.05). There were also statistically significant differences among adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma cases (P<0.05), while no statistically significant differences were observed in adenocarcinoma cases regarding degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P>0.05). There was a statistically significant association between the EGFR gene mutation status and the preoperative serum CEA level (P<0.05). The mutation rate of the EGFR gene was 68.42% in female lung adenocarcinoma patients, which supports the application of targeted therapy in such cases. However, whether it is possible to obtain information regarding targeted therapy through measuring the level of serum CEA for NSCLC patients with unknown EGFR mutation status requires further investigation through related studies including a higher number of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ablajan Abdurahman
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Jurat Anwar
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Abdugheni Turghun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Madiniyet Niyaz
- Clinical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Idiris Awut
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
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60
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Quinn AM, Hickson N, Adaway M, Priest L, Jaeger E, Udar N, Keeling C, Kamieniorz M, Dive C, Wallace A, Byers RJ, Newman WG, Nonaka D, Blackhall FH. Diagnostic Mutation Profiling and Validation of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Small Biopsy Samples using a High Throughput Platform. J Thorac Oncol 2015; 10:784-792. [PMID: 25634010 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0000000000000473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A single platform designed for the synchronous screening of multiple mutations can potentially enable molecular profiling in samples of limited tumor tissue. This approach is ideal for the assessment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnostic specimens, which often comprise small biopsies. Therefore, we aimed in this study to validate the mass spectrometry-based Sequenom LungCarta panel and MassARRAY platform using DNA extracted from a single 5 μM formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue section. METHODS Mutations, including those with an equivocal spectrum, detected in 90 cases of NSCLC (72 lung biopsies, 13 metastatic tissue biopsies, three resections, and two cytology samples) were validated by a combination of standard sequencing techniques, immunohistochemical staining for p53 protein, and next-generation sequencing with the TruSight Tumor panel. RESULTS Fifty-five mutations were diagnosed in 47 cases (52%) in the following genes: TP53 (22), KRAS (15), EGFR (5), MET (3), PIK3CA (3), STK11 (2), NRF-2 (2), EPHA5 (1), EPHA3 (1), and MAP2K1 (1). Of the 90 samples, one failed testing due to poor quality DNA. An additional 7 TP53 mutations were detected by next-generation sequencing, which facilitated the interpretation of p53 immunohistochemistry but required 5 × 10 μM tumor sections per sample tested. CONCLUSIONS The LungCarta panel is a sensitive method of screening for multiple alterations (214 mutations across 26 genes) and which optimizes the use of limited amounts of tumor DNA isolated from small specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie Quinn
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester and St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK.
| | - Nicholas Hickson
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester and St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Megan Adaway
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester and St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Lynsey Priest
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Caroline Dive
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Wallace
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester and St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | | | - William G Newman
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester and St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Fiona H Blackhall
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Medical Oncology, Institute of Cancer Studies, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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61
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Zhou C. Lung cancer molecular epidemiology in China: recent trends. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2015; 3:270-9. [PMID: 25806311 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2218-6751.2014.09.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is both the most common diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer related deaths in China. During the past three decades, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in China are increasing rapidly. According to data from National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR) in 2010, the crude incidence of lung cancer in China was 46.08 per 100,000 population (61.86 per 100,000 men and 29.54 per 100,000 women), with an estimated over 600,000 new diagnosed lung cancer patients (416,333 males and 189,613 females). Meanwhile, the crude mortality of lung cancer in China was 37.00 per 100,000 population (50.04 per 100,000 men and 23.33 per 100,000 women). Consistent with the change in developed countries, adenocarcinoma has become the most predominant histological subtype of lung cancer in China. For the majority advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, especially patients with adenocarcinoma, targeted therapy became increasing important in the treatment. Chinese researcher have done a lot work in terms of lung cancer molecular epidemiology, therefore, in this review, we further summarized the epidemiology of driver genes in NSCLC, hoping to help clinicians to better screen certain driver genes in China for treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
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62
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Mansuet-Lupo A, Bobbio A, Blons H, Becht E, Ouakrim H, Didelot A, Charpentier MC, Bain S, Marmey B, Bonjour P, Biton J, Cremer I, Dieu-Nosjean MC, Sautès-Fridman C, Régnard JF, Laurent-Puig P, Alifano M, Damotte D. The new histologic classification of lung primary adenocarcinoma subtypes is a reliable prognostic marker and identifies tumors with different mutation status: the experience of a French cohort. Chest 2015; 146:633-643. [PMID: 24676429 DOI: 10.1378/chest.13-2499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histologic classification of lung adenocarcinoma subtype has a prognostic value in most studies. However, lung adenocarcinoma characteristics differ across countries. Here, we aimed at validating the prognostic value of this classification in a large French series of lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS We reviewed 407 consecutive lung adenocarcinomas operated on between 2001 and 2005 and reclassified them according to the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC)/American Thoracic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) classification and subsequently graded them into low, intermediate, and high grade. We analyzed the relevance of this classification according to clinical, pathologic, and molecular analysis. RESULTS Patients (median age, 61 years; 288 men) underwent lobectomy (n = 378) or pneumonectomy (n = 29). Patients' overall survival at 5 and 10 years was 53.2% and 32.6%, respectively. Union for International Cancer Control stage distribution was 189 stage I, 104 stage II, 107 stage III, and seven stage IV. Low-grade tumor was found in one patient, intermediate grade in 275 patients, and high grade in 131 patients. KRAS and EGFR mutations were detected in 34% and 9.6%, respectively. Histologic grade was significantly correlated with extent of resection (P = .01), thyroid transcriptional factor-1 expression (P = .00000001), vascular emboli (P = .03), and EGFR mutations (P = .01). Mucinous adenocarcinomas were associated with KRAS mutations (P = .003). At univariate analysis, age, extent of resection, histologic grade, pleural invasion, vascular emboli, pathologic T and N, and stage were predictive of survival. At multivariate analysis, age (P = .0001), histologic grade (P = .03), and stage (P = .000003) were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS IASLC/ATS/ERS classification of lung adenocarcinomas predicts survival in French population. Histologic grade correlates with clinical, pathologic and molecular parameters suggesting different oncogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Mansuet-Lupo
- INSERM, U1138, Team Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Paris 5, Paris, France; Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Paris, France; Service de Pathologie, Paris, France
| | - Antonio Bobbio
- Hôpitaux Universitaire Paris Centre, AP-HP, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Blons
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Paris 5, Paris, France; Hôpitaux Universitaire Paris Centre, AP-HP, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Paris, France; Hôpitaux Universitaire Paris Centre, AP-HP, Service de Biochimie, Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP; and UMR-S775, Paris, France; INSERM, Faculté de médecine des Saints Pères, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Becht
- INSERM, U1138, Team Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Paris 5, Paris, France; Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Hanane Ouakrim
- INSERM, U1138, Team Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Didelot
- Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP; and UMR-S775, Paris, France; INSERM, Faculté de médecine des Saints Pères, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Béatrice Marmey
- INSERM, U1138, Team Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Paris 5, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Bonjour
- INSERM, U1138, Team Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Paris 5, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Biton
- INSERM, U1138, Team Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Paris 5, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Cremer
- INSERM, U1138, Team Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Paris 5, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean
- INSERM, U1138, Team Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Paris 5, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- INSERM, U1138, Team Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Paris 5, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Régnard
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Paris 5, Paris, France; Hôpitaux Universitaire Paris Centre, AP-HP, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Paris 5, Paris, France; Hôpitaux Universitaire Paris Centre, AP-HP, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Paris, France; Hôpitaux Universitaire Paris Centre, AP-HP, Service de Biochimie, Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP; and UMR-S775, Paris, France; INSERM, Faculté de médecine des Saints Pères, Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Paris 5, Paris, France; Hôpitaux Universitaire Paris Centre, AP-HP, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Paris, France
| | - Diane Damotte
- INSERM, U1138, Team Cancer, Immune Control, and Escape, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Paris 5, Paris, France; Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Paris, France; Service de Pathologie, Paris, France.
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Clinical impact of the new IASLC/ATS/ERS lung adenocarcinoma classification for chest surgeons. Surg Today 2014; 45:1341-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-014-1089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cai D, Li H, Wang R, Li Y, Pan Y, Hu H, Zhang Y, Gong R, Pan B, Sun Y, Chen H. Comparison of clinical features, molecular alterations, and prognosis in morphological subgroups of lung invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2014; 7:2127-32. [PMID: 25429229 PMCID: PMC4242897 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s70984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We performed this analysis to distinguish the differences in two subtypes of lung invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) with different kinds of morphological performances, in clinicopathological and molecular features, as well as prognosis. METHODS On the basis of morphological performance, we divided lung IMAs into two subgroups, mucus-in-cell adenocarcinoma (MICA) and mucus-out-of-cell adenocarcinoma (MOCA). We investigated differences in clinicopathological characteristics, recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and a spectrum of well-identified driver-gene mutations, including EGFR, KRAS, HER2, BRAF, ALK, ROS1, and RET, between the two subgroups. RESULTS Of 1,699 lung adenocarcinomas, 148 were identified as IMAs (97 MICAs and 51 MOCAs). The MICA patient group had significantly better RFS than did the MOCA group (39.4 months versus 33.0 months, respectively, log rank P=0.020) and significantly better OS (54.2 months versus 45.1 months, log rank P=0.034). There were no differences in RFS and OS between those with IMAs and those with mucus-negative adenocarcinomas. The frequency of the EGFR gene mutation was significantly higher in MOCAs than in MICAs (P<0.001). In contrast, the KRAS gene had a significantly higher mutational frequency in MICAs (P=0.01). MOCAs also had a significantly higher incidence of lymph-node metastasis (P<0.05). CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this study represents the first comparison of clinical features, molecular alterations, and prognosis in morphological subgroups of lung IMAs. Clinical and pathological features in conjunction with molecular data indicate that IMA should be divided into different subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjian Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Haichuan Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranxia Gong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihua Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiquan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Hugen N, Simons M, Halilović A, van der Post RS, Bogers AJ, Marijnissen-van Zanten MA, de Wilt JH, Nagtegaal ID. The molecular background of mucinous carcinoma beyond MUC2. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2014; 1:3-17. [PMID: 27499889 PMCID: PMC4858120 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The increasing interest of the oncology community in tumour classification and prediction of outcome to targeted therapies has put emphasis on an improved identification of tumour types. Colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MC) is a subtype that is characterized by the presence of abundant extracellular mucin that comprises at least 50% of the tumour volume and is found in 10–15% of colorectal cancer patients. MC development is poorly understood, however, the distinct clinical and pathological presentation of MC suggests a deviant development and molecular background. In this review we identify common molecular and genetic alterations in colorectal MC. MC is characterized by a high rate of MUC2 expression. Mutation rates in the therapeutically important RAS/RAF/MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways are significantly higher in MC compared with non‐mucinous adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, mucinous adenocarcinoma shows higher rates of microsatellite instability and is more frequently of the CpG island methylator phenotype. Although the majority of MCs arise from the large intestine, this subtype also develops in other organs, such as the stomach, pancreas, biliary tract, ovary, breast and lung. We compared findings from colorectal MC with tumour characteristics of MCs from other organs. In these organs, MCs show different mutation rates in the RAS/RAF/MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways as well, but a common mucinous pathway cannot be identified. Identification of conditions and molecular aberrations that are associated with MC generates insight into the aetiology of this subtype and improves understanding of resistance to therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niek Hugen
- Department of Surgery Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Simons
- Department of Pathology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Altuna Halilović
- Department of Pathology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | | | - Anna J Bogers
- Department of Pathology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | | | - Johannes Hw de Wilt
- Department of Surgery Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Iris D Nagtegaal
- Department of Pathology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
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Lee MC, Kadota K, Buitrago D, Jones DR, Adusumilli PS. Implementing the new IASLC/ATS/ERS classification of lung adenocarcinomas: results from international and Chinese cohorts. J Thorac Dis 2014; 6:S568-80. [PMID: 25349708 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.09.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A new histologic classification of lung adenocarcinoma was proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, American Thoracic Society, and European Respiratory Society (IASLC/ATS/ERS) in 2011 to provide uniform terminology and diagnostic criteria for multidisciplinary strategic management. This classification proposed a comprehensive histologic subtyping (lepidic, acinar, papillary, micropapillary, and solid pattern) and a semi-quantitative assessment of histologic patterns (in 5% increments) in an effort to choose a single, predominant pattern in invasive adenocarcinomas. The prognostic value of this classification has been validated in large, independent cohorts from multiple countries. In patients who underwent curative-intent surgery, those with either an adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) or a minimal invasive adenocarcinoma have nearly 100% disease-free survival and are designated "low grade tumors". For invasive adenocarcinomas, the acinar and papillary predominant histologic subtypes were usually designated as "intermediate grade" while the solid and micropapillary predominant histologic subtypes were designated "high grade" tumors; this was based on the statistic difference of overall survival. This classification, coupled with additional prognostic factors [nuclear grade, cribriform pattern, high Ki-67 labeling index, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) immunohistochemistry, immune markers, and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on positron emission tomography (PET)] that we have published on, could further stratify patients into prognostic subgroups and may prove helpful for individual patient care. With regard to Chinese oncologists, the implementation of this new classification only requires hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained slides and basic pathologic training, both of which require no additional costs. More importantly, this new classification system could provide informative data for better selection and stratification of clinical trials and molecular studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ching Lee
- 1 Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA ; 2 Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 3 Center for Cell Engineering, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kyuichi Kadota
- 1 Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA ; 2 Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 3 Center for Cell Engineering, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daniel Buitrago
- 1 Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA ; 2 Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 3 Center for Cell Engineering, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David R Jones
- 1 Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA ; 2 Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 3 Center for Cell Engineering, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Prasad S Adusumilli
- 1 Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA ; 2 Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; 3 Center for Cell Engineering, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Choong ML, Yong J, Wang Y, Lee MA. Establishment and characterization of a singaporean chinese lung adenocarcinoma cell line with four copies of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene. Biores Open Access 2014; 3:176-82. [PMID: 25126481 PMCID: PMC4120652 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2014.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We have established a lung adenocarcinoma cell line, ETCC016, from lung pleural effusion of a male Singaporean Chinese with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. The subject smoked 20 cigarettes per day for more than 30 years. The cell line arose from spontaneous transformation of cells grown in a collagen-coated culture dish. Transformed characteristics of the cell line include the ability to reach high confluency in a culture dish, low cell doubling time, ability to form colonies in soft agar, and ability to form solid tumor in immune-compromised SCID mice. Immunostaining showed that the cells originated from lung epithelial cells. Genomic analysis revealed a large amount of chromosomal aberrations (gain and loss of genetic materials, and loss of heterozygosity [LOH]), indicative of a long history of smoking. The cells have four copies of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and three copies of MYC, but have lost one copy of the RB1 gene. LOH was detected in TP53 and BRAF genes. There is no anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement. The ETCC016 lung adenocarcinoma cell line has demonstrated susceptibility towards inhibitors specific for EGFR/HER2 and ALK targets, but resistance to MYC-specific inhibitor. This cell line will be a useful model for further understanding of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ling Choong
- Cell-Based Assay Development Group, Experimental Therapeutics Centre , Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Jacklyn Yong
- Cell-Based Assay Development Group, Experimental Therapeutics Centre , Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Yu Wang
- Cell-Based Assay Development Group, Experimental Therapeutics Centre , Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - May Ann Lee
- Cell-Based Assay Development Group, Experimental Therapeutics Centre , Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore
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Hu H, Pan Y, Li Y, Wang L, Wang R, Zhang Y, Li H, Ye T, Zhang Y, Luo X, Shao L, Sun Z, Cai D, Xu J, Lu Q, Deng Y, Shen L, Ji H, Sun Y, Chen H. Oncogenic mutations are associated with histological subtypes but do not have an independent prognostic value in lung adenocarcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2014; 7:1423-37. [PMID: 25152623 PMCID: PMC4140237 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s58900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinomas have diverse genetic and morphological backgrounds and are usually classified according to their distinct oncogenic mutations (or so-called driver mutations) and histological subtypes (the de novo classification proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society [IASLC/ATS/ERS]). Although both these classifications are essential for personalized treatment, their integrated clinical effect remains unclear. Therefore, we analyzed 981 lung adenocarcinomas to detect the potential correlation and combined effect of oncogenic mutations and histological subtype on prognosis. Analysis for oncogenic mutations included the direct sequencing of EGFR, KRAS, HER2, BRAF, PIK3CA, ALK, and RET for oncogenic mutations/rearrangements, and a rereview of the IASLC/ATS/ERS classification was undertaken. Eligible tumors included 13 atypical adenomatous hyperplasia/adenocarcinoma in situ, 20 minimally invasive adenocarcinomas, 901 invasive adenocarcinomas, 44 invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas, and three other variants. The invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas had a lower prevalence of EGFR mutations but a higher prevalence of KRAS, ALK, and HER2 mutations than invasive adenocarcinomas. Smoking, a solid predominant pattern, and a mucinous component were independently associated with fewer EGFR mutations. The ALK rearrangements were more frequently observed in tumors with a minor mucinous component, while the KRAS mutations were more prevalent in smokers. In addition, 503 patients with stage I-IIIA tumors were analyzed for overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival. The stage and histological pattern were independent predictors of relapse-free survival, and the pathological stage was the only independent predictor for the OS. Although patients with the EGFR mutations had better OS than those without the mutations, no oncogenic mutation was an independent predictor of survival. Oncogenic mutations were associated with the novel IASLC/ATS/ERS classification, which facilitates a morphology-based mutational analysis strategy. The combination of these two classifications might not increase the prognostic ability, but it provides essential information for personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichuan Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjian Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Ye
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiliang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Longlong Shao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengliang Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Deng Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Youjia Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Ji
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihua Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiquan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Morimoto Y, Izumi H, Kuroda E. Significance of persistent inflammation in respiratory disorders induced by nanoparticles. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:962871. [PMID: 25097864 PMCID: PMC4109676 DOI: 10.1155/2014/962871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary inflammation, especially persistent inflammation, has been found to play a key role in respiratory disorders induced by nanoparticles in animal models. In inhalation studies and instillation studies of nanomaterials, persistent inflammation is composed of neutrophils and alveolar macrophages, and its pathogenesis is related to chemokines such as the cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC) family and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α and oxidant stress-related genes such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). DNA damages occur chemically or physically by nanomaterials. Chemical and physical damage are associated with point mutation by free radicals and double strand brake, respectively. The failure of DNA repair and accumulation of mutations might occur when inflammation is prolonged, and finally normal cells could become malignant. These free radicals can not only damage cells but also induce signaling molecules containing immunoreaction. Nanoparticles and asbestos also induce the production of free radicals. In allergic responses, nanoparticles act as Th2 adjuvants to activate Th2 immune responses such as activation of eosinophil and induction of IgE. Taken together, the presence of persistent inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases induced by nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Morimoto
- Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Hiroto Izumi
- Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Etsushi Kuroda
- Laboratory of Vaccine Science, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan
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石 岳, 杨 向. [Driver genes and its clinical significance in non-small cell lung cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2014; 17:481-6. [PMID: 24949689 PMCID: PMC6000100 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2014.06.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
With the development of molecular biology technology and the transforming patterns of drug research, guiding molecular targeted therapy according to the drive gene mutation spectrum in lung cancer has gradually become a reality. Definition of the mutation incidence and whether existing advantage population groups in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have important guiding significance in clinical practice. The purpose of this paper will draw a summary on the general characteristics, demographic features and clinical significance of driver genes in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- 岳泉 石
- 110001 沈阳,中国医科大学临床医学七年制Seven-Year System, Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - 向红 杨
- 110004 沈阳,中国医科大学附属盛京医院病理科Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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Tuononen K, Kero M, Mäki-Nevala S, Sarhadi VK, Tikkanen M, Wirtanen T, Rönty M, Knuuttila A, Knuutila S. ALK fusion and its association with other driver gene mutations in Finnish non-small cell lung cancer patients. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2014; 53:895-901. [PMID: 24942490 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Screening of anaplastic lymphoma tyrosine kinase (ALK) gene fusions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients enables the identification of the patients likely to benefit from ALK-targeted therapy. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of ALK fusion in Finnish NSCLC patients, which has not been reported earlier, and to study the presence of ALK fusion in relation to clinicopathological characteristics and other driver gene mutations. A total of 469 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue specimens from Finnish NSCLC patients were screened for ALK fusion by immunohistochemistry (IHC). For confirmation of IHC results, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was conducted for 171 specimens. Next-generation sequencing was performed for all ALK-positive specimens to characterize the association of ALK fusion with mutations in targeted regions of 22 driver genes. Of the 469 tumors screened, 11 (2.3%) harbored an ALK fusion, including nine adenocarcinomas and two large cell carcinomas. The IHC results for all 11 ALK-positive and 160 random ALK-negative specimens were confirmed by FISH. ALK fusion was significantly associated with never/ex-light smoking history (P<0.001) and younger age (P=0.004). Seven ALK-positive tumors showed additional mutations; three in MET, one in MET and CTNNB1, two in TP53, and one in PIK3CA. Our results show that ALK fusion is an infrequent alteration in Finnish NSCLC patients. Although the majority of ALK-positive cases were adenocarcinomas, the fusion was also seen in large cell carcinomas. Further studies are needed to elucidate the clinical significance of the coexistence of ALK fusion with MET, TP53, CTNNB1, and PIK3CA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Tuononen
- Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Multidriver mutation analysis in pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma in Taiwan: identification of a rare CD74-NRG1 translocation case. Med Oncol 2014; 31:34. [PMID: 24913807 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0034-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Several new chromosomal translocations resulting in driver fusion mutations have recently been discovered in non-small-cell lung cancer. The driver mutational patterns in pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma, a rare subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer, have not been well studied. A single-institute cohort study in Taiwan was performed to determine the mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), fusions of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), and neuregulin 1 (NRG1) in patients diagnosed with pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma. We also examined NRG1 translocation in patients diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of other subtypes with wild-type EGFR, KRAS, ALK, and ROS1 genes. Surgical or biopsy specimens were collected from 13 patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma. Using the direct RNA sequencing method, we discovered a rare CD74-NRG1 fusion (8 %), an echinoderm microtubule-associated protein like 4 (EML4)-ALK fusion (17 %), and three KRAS mutations (25 %). No EGFR mutations or ROS1 rearrangements were detected. The rare CD74-NRG1 fusion positive patient presented with uncommon radiological features. We did not detect any CD74-NRG1 fusion in the 109 adenocarcinoma of other subtypes, which were all negative for EGFR, KRAS, ALK, and ROS1. The CD74-NRG1 fusion mutation is rare and may be exclusively present in patients with pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma. Patients harboring CD74-NRG1 positive tumors may present with uncommon imaging features.
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Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations in 510 Finnish Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients. J Thorac Oncol 2014; 9:886-91. [DOI: 10.1097/jto.0000000000000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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75
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Lee MC, Buitrago DH, Kadota K, Jones DR, Adusumilli PS. Recent advances and clinical implications of the micropapillary histological subtype in lung adenocarcinomas. Lung Cancer Manag 2014; 3:245-253. [PMID: 25202339 DOI: 10.2217/lmt.14.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Micropapillary (MIP) histologic subtype included in the classification of lung adenocarcinomas (ADCs) is associated with both size- and stage-independent poor prognoses. MIP pattern in lung ADCs, even at small, early stages, correlates with high lymphovascular invasion, visceral pleural invasion and lymph node metastases. Recently, we reported that patients with a MIP component are at a higher risk of locoregional recurrence after limited resection. Identification of a MIP pattern is only possible with permanent pathologic sections; preoperative imaging, cytology or intraoperative frozen section specimens remain unreliable. The intermixed, heterogenous morphology of lung ADC presents a technical challenge in investigating the molecular biology of cells with MIP morphology. A comprehensive understanding of the biology of MIP morphology is vital for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ching Lee
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA ; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Daniel H Buitrago
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kyuichi Kadota
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA ; Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David R Jones
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Prasad S Adusumilli
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA ; Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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76
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Wang R, Wang L, Li Y, Hu H, Shen L, Shen X, Pan Y, Ye T, Zhang Y, Luo X, Zhang Y, Pan B, Li B, Li H, Zhang J, Pao W, Ji H, Sun Y, Chen H. FGFR1/3 tyrosine kinase fusions define a unique molecular subtype of non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:4107-14. [PMID: 24850843 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-3 fusion genes have been recently demonstrated in a subset of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To aid in identification and treatment of these patients, we examined the frequency, clinicopathologic characteristics, and treatment outcomes of patients who had NSCLC with or without FGFR fusions. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Fourteen known FGFR fusion variants, including FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3, were detected by RT-PCR and verified by direct sequencing in 1,328 patients with NSCLC. All patients were also analyzed for mutations in EGFR, KRAS, HER2, BRAF, ALK, RET, and ROS1. Clinical characteristics, including age, sex, smoking status, stage, subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma, relapse-free survival, and overall survival, were collected. RESULTS Of 1,328 tumors screened, two (0.2%) were BAG4-FGFR1 fusion and 15 (1.1%) were FGFR3-TACC3 fusion. Six of 1,016 patients with lung adenocarcinoma were FGFR3-TACC3 fusions and 11 of 312 lung squamous cell carcinoma harbored BAG4-FGFR1 or FGFR3-TACC3 fusions. Compared with the FGFR fusion-negative group, patients with FGFR fusions were more likely to be smokers (94.1%, 16 of 17 patients, P < 0.001), significantly associated with larger tumor (>3 cm; 88.2%, 15 of 17 patients, P < 0.001) and with a tendency to be more poorly differentiated (53.9%, nine of 17 patients, P = 0.095). CONCLUSIONS FGFR fusions define a molecular subset of NSCLC with distinct clinical characteristics. FGFR is a druggable target and patients with FGFR fusions may benefit from FGFR-targeted therapy, which needs further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Yuan Li
- Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Haichuan Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Lei Shen
- Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Xuxia Shen
- Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Yunjian Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Ting Ye
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Xiaoyang Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Yiliang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Bin Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University
| | - William Pao
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hongbin Ji
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Yihua Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University;
| | - Haiquan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University;
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77
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Pan Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Hu H, Wang L, Li H, Wang R, Ye T, Luo X, Zhang Y, Li B, Cai D, Shen L, Sun Y, Chen H. ALK, ROS1 and RET fusions in 1139 lung adenocarcinomas: A comprehensive study of common and fusion pattern-specific clinicopathologic, histologic and cytologic features. Lung Cancer 2014; 84:121-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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78
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Nagalakshmi K, Jamil K, Pingali U, Reddy MV, Attili SSV. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations as biomarker for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Biomarkers 2014; 19:198-206. [PMID: 24712396 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2014.895852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Mutations in tyrosine kinase domain (TK) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) lead to signalling interruptions in several cancers. OBJECTIVE To understand EGFR mutations in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), and their role as biomarkers. METHODS Screened 129 HNSCC patients and 150 controls for mutations in the TK domain using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), single strand confirmatory polymorphism (SSCP) and sequencing. RESULTS 81.39% of HNSCC had four mutations: G2155C, G2176A, C2188G and G2471A among these two mutations were also reported in other cancers where as two novel mutations are being reported for the first time in HNSCC. Mutational frequency was significantly associated with an advanced stage of HNSCC, habits of tobacco/alcohol and ages above 49 years. CONCLUSION EGFR single nucleotide polymorphisms could be useful biomarkers of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nagalakshmi
- Genetics Department, Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research Centre , Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh , India
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79
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Serizawa M, Koh Y, Kenmotsu H, Isaka M, Murakami H, Akamatsu H, Mori K, Abe M, Hayashi I, Taira T, Maniwa T, Takahashi T, Endo M, Nakajima T, Ohde Y, Yamamoto N. Assessment of mutational profile of Japanese lung adenocarcinoma patients by multitarget assays: A prospective, single-institute study. Cancer 2014; 120:1471-81. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masakuni Serizawa
- Division of Thoracic Oncology; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Shizuoka Japan
- Drug Discovery and Development Division; Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute; Shizuoka Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Koh
- Drug Discovery and Development Division; Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute; Shizuoka Japan
| | | | - Mitsuhiro Isaka
- Division of Thoracic Surgery; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Shizuoka Japan
| | - Haruyasu Murakami
- Division of Thoracic Oncology; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Shizuoka Japan
| | - Hiroaki Akamatsu
- Division of Thoracic Oncology; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Shizuoka Japan
- Third Department of Internal Medicine; Wakayama Medical University; Kimiidera Wakayama Japan
| | - Keita Mori
- Clinical Trial Coordination Office; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Shizuoka Japan
| | - Masato Abe
- Division of Pathology; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Shizuoka Japan
| | - Isamu Hayashi
- Division of Pathology; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Shizuoka Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Taira
- Division of Thoracic Oncology; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Shizuoka Japan
| | - Tomohiro Maniwa
- Division of Thoracic Surgery; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Shizuoka Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Endo
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Shizuoka Japan
| | | | - Yasuhisa Ohde
- Division of Thoracic Surgery; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Shizuoka Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Yamamoto
- Division of Thoracic Oncology; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Shizuoka Japan
- Third Department of Internal Medicine; Wakayama Medical University; Kimiidera Wakayama Japan
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Raparia K, Villa C, Raj R, Cagle PT. Peripheral lung adenocarcinomas with KRAS mutations are more likely to invade visceral pleura. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2014; 139:189-93. [PMID: 24694341 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2013-0759-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Kirsten-RAS (KRAS) mutations play an important role in the carcinogenesis of a subset of lung adenocarcinomas and are associated with poorer prognosis. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship of KRAS mutation status to the histologic subtype of adenocarcinoma according to the recent classification, patient demographics, tumor size, predominant histologic subtype, nodal status, and visceral pleural invasion, in an attempt to uncover the reason for the worse prognosis associated with KRAS mutation. DESIGN A total of 187 consecutive resected lung adenocarcinomas from our institution from 2008 to 2011 that were diagnosed according to the new International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society classification and screened for KRAS mutations were included in the study. RESULTS A total of 32% of the adenocarcinomas harbored the KRAS mutation. The median age in the KRAS mutation group was 69 years (range, 43-86 years), and male to female ratio was 1:2.3. The proportion of heavy smokers was significantly higher in tumors with KRAS mutation compared with wild type (83% versus 62%; P = .01). A total of 27% of tumors with KRAS mutation had pleural invasion versus 11% of tumors without KRAS mutation (P = .009). A total of 59 tumor samples were positive for KRAS mutation (25 for G12C, 14 for G12A, 8 for G12V, 7 for G12D, 3 for G12S, and 1 for G12T), and only 3 tumors harbored codon 13 mutations (G13C). Two tumors had double mutations. CONCLUSIONS KRAS mutations are more common in heavy smokers, and lung adenocarcinomas with KRAS mutation are more likely to invade the visceral pleura. Increased frequency of visceral pleural invasion may explain in part the worse prognosis associated with KRAS mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirtee Raparia
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Raparia and Villa), and Pulmonary and Critical Care (Dr Raj), Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; and the Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas (Dr Cagle)
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81
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Gou LY, Wu YL. Prevalence of driver mutations in non-small-cell lung cancers in the People's Republic of China. LUNG CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2014; 5:1-9. [PMID: 28210137 PMCID: PMC5217505 DOI: 10.2147/lctt.s40817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and in the People’s Republic of China. Recently, the pathological proportions of the various forms of lung cancer have changed. A shift to a preponderance of adenocarcinoma at the expense of squamous cell carcinoma is observable. Treatment decisions have historically been based on tumor histology, and evolution of our molecular understanding of cancer has led to development of targeted therapeutic agents. It is essential to further understand mutations that drive cancer development (driver mutations) in relevant genes and their effects on cancer cell proliferation and survival. The epidemiology of lung cancer in the People’s Republic of China has been extensively reviewed elsewhere. However, molecular epidemiological data from mainland China are scarce. Consequently, we herein review the prevalence of driver mutations in Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Ying Gou
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences; Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences
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82
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Association of Merkel cell polyomavirus infection with EGFR mutation status in Chinese non-small cell lung cancer patients. Lung Cancer 2014; 83:341-6. [PMID: 24485957 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Female lung cancer patients with no smoking habit and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma have a higher rate of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations, which is related to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) sensitivity. Unfortunately the cause of EGFR gene mutations is still elusive. In this study, we search for the association between Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) infection and EGFR gene mutations. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 189 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples for the presence of MCPyV large T (LT) DNA, LT antigen and EGFR hotspot mutations. Clinicopathological parameters of this cohort were also analyzed. RESULTS Thirty out of 163 adenocarcinoma and 2 out of 18 squamous cell carcinoma were found to have MCPyV LT DNA by PCR. Immunostaining also showed LT protein expression in most of the DNA positive samples. EGFR mutations were more frequently detected in female (P=0.009) and non-smoking patients (P=0.0001). Furthermore, a significant association between MCPyV infection and EGFR mutations was found (P=0.001). CONCLUSION Our study shows that MCPyV LT DNA is present in a subgroup of NSCLC, which is significantly correlated with EGFR mutations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to find an association between MCPyV infection and EGFR hotspot mutations. These results support the possibility that MCPyV has a partial role in the carcinogenesis of NSCLC in a subgroup of patients.
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83
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Wu K, Huang RS, House L, Cho WC, 南 娟. [Next-generation sequencing for lung cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2014; 17:C1-C12. [PMID: 24398316 PMCID: PMC6128952 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2014.01.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
肺癌在生物学上具有侵袭性,并且是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。根据临床特征、预后、对治疗的反应和耐受性,每一例肺癌患者的进展均是独特的。传统上基于毛细管的单基因测序的第一代技术(如Sanger测序法)已被允许大量平行测序且成本更低、通量更高的下一代测序技术(next-generation sequencing, NGS)所替代。与传统方法相比,NGS技术取得显著进步。我们希望这些方法可全面地解释癌症全球图谱,并提供更多信息以满足个体化用药的需求。本综述包括对不同NGS技术的简要说明,NGS在肺癌研究进展中的应用和重要发现的总结,包括对已知靶基因(EGFR 、ALK 和KRAS )的进一步探索、其它肺癌突变的鉴定和癌症基因组研究的全局协调。
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehua Wu
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Larry House
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William Chi Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - 娟 南
- 天津医科大学总医院,天津市肺癌研究所,天津市肺癌转移与肿瘤微环境重点实验室
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84
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Wu K, Huang RS, House L, Cho WC. Next-generation sequencing for lung cancer. Future Oncol 2013; 9:1323-36. [PMID: 23980680 DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is biologically aggressive and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The development of lung cancer is unique in each patient according to clinical characterizations, prognosis, response and tolerance to treatment. Traditional capillary-based single-gene sequencing by a first-generation technique (known as Sanger sequencing) has been replaced by next-generation sequencing (NGS) since it allows massive parallel sequencing with lower cost and higher throughput. The NGS approach has made remarkable advances compared with traditional methods. We expect these methodologies to comprehensively interpret the global landscape of cancer and provide more information to fulfill the needs of personalized medicine. This review covers a brief introduction and summary on various NGS technologies, applications and important findings by NGS in lung cancer advances, including further discoveries in previously known target genes (EGFR, ALK and KRAS), the identification of additional lung cancer mutations and the global coordination of cancer genome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehua Wu
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Larry House
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William Chi Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
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Xia N, An J, Jiang QQ, Li M, Tan J, Hu CP. Analysis ofEGFR,EML4-ALK,KRAS, andc-METmutations in Chinese lung adenocarcinoma patients. Exp Lung Res 2013; 39:328-35. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2013.819535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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86
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Advances in cytopathology for lung cancer: the impact and challenges of new technologies. Thorac Surg Clin 2013; 23:163-78. [PMID: 23566968 DOI: 10.1016/j.thorsurg.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in treatment modalities, the survival rate of patients with lung cancer has not significantly improved. Therefore, new avenues are being explored in the era of evolving personalized patient management by early detection. Cytology is now the mainstay to address the diagnostic needs of pulmonary malignancies. Cytology specimens deliver diagnostic results equivalent to tissue biopsies. Fine-needle aspirations are equally useful to perform diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic immunohistochemical markers and molecular analysis. This article reviews the main new technologies that produced this revolution. The new role of the cytopathologist in this time of interdisciplinary care is also discussed.
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