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Jo H, Chen CY, Chen DY, Weng MH, Kung CC. A brain network that supports consensus-seeking and conflict-resolving of college couples' shopping interaction. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17601. [PMID: 33077801 PMCID: PMC7573624 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74699-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the typical campus scenes is the social interaction between college couples, and the lesson couples must keep learning is to adapt to each other. This fMRI study investigated the shopping interactions of 30 college couples, one lying inside and the other outside the scanner, beholding the same item from two connected PCs, making preference ratings and subsequent buy/not-buy decisions. The behavioral results showed the clear modulation of significant others’ preferences onto one’s own decisions, and the contrast of the “shop-together vs. shop-alone”, and the “congruent (both liked or disliked the item, 68%) vs. incongruent (one liked but the other disliked, and vice versa)” together trials, both revealed bilateral temporal parietal junction (TPJ) among other reward-related regions, likely reflecting mentalizing during preference harmony. Moreover, when contrasting “own-high/other-low vs. own-low/other-high” incongruent trials, left anterior inferior parietal lobule (l-aIPL) was parametrically mapped, and the “yield (e.g., own-high/not-buy) vs. insist (e.g., own-low/not-buy)” modulation further revealed left lateral-IPL (l-lIPL), together with left TPJ forming a local social decision network that was further constrained by the mediation analysis among left TPJ–lIPL–aIPL. In sum, these results exemplify, via the two-person fMRI, the neural substrate of shopping interactions between couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- HanShin Jo
- Institute of Medical Informatics, National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Psychology, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Yueh Chen
- Department of Psychology, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan.,KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Der-Yow Chen
- Department of Psychology, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan.,Mind Research and Imaging (MRI) Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Chun-Chia Kung
- Department of Psychology, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Mind Research and Imaging (MRI) Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
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52
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Chan MMY, Han YMY. Differential mirror neuron system (MNS) activation during action observation with and without social-emotional components in autism: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. Mol Autism 2020; 11:72. [PMID: 32993782 PMCID: PMC7523366 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-020-00374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Impaired imitation has been found to be an important factor contributing to social communication deficits in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It has been hypothesized that the neural correlate of imitation, the mirror neuron system (MNS), is dysfunctional in ASD, resulting in imitation impairment as one of the key behavioral manifestations in ASD. Previous MNS studies produced inconsistent results, leaving the debate of whether “broken” mirror neurons in ASD are unresolved. Methods This meta-analysis aimed to explore the differences in MNS activation patterns between typically developing (TD) and ASD individuals when they observe biological motions with or without social-emotional components. Effect size signed differential mapping (ES-SDM) was adopted to synthesize the available fMRI data. Results ES-SDM analysis revealed hyperactivation in the right inferior frontal gyrus and left supplementary motor area in ASD during observation of biological motions. Subgroup analysis of experiments involving the observation of stimuli with or without emotional component revealed hyperactivation in the left inferior parietal lobule and left supplementary motor during action observation without emotional components, whereas hyperactivation of the right inferior frontal gyrus was found during action observation with emotional components in ASD. Subgroup analyses of age showed hyperactivation of the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus in ASD adolescents, while hyperactivation in the right inferior frontal gyrus was noted in ASD adults. Meta-regression within ASD individuals indicated that the right cerebellum crus I activation increased with age, while the left inferior temporal gyrus activation decreased with age. Limitations This meta-analysis is limited in its generalization of the findings to individuals with ASD by the restricted age range, heterogeneous study sample, and the large within-group variation in MNS activation patterns during object observation. Furthermore, we only included action observation studies which might limit the generalization of our results to the imitation deficits in ASD. In addition, the relatively small sample size for individual studies might also potentially overestimate the effect sizes. Conclusion The MNS is impaired in ASD. The abnormal activation patterns were found to be modulated by the nature of stimuli and age, which might explain the contradictory results from earlier studies on the “broken mirror neuron” debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody M Y Chan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yvonne M Y Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11 Yuk Choi Road, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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53
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Valadez EA, Tottenham N, Tabachnick AR, Dozier M. Early Parenting Intervention Effects on Brain Responses to Maternal Cues Among High-Risk Children. Am J Psychiatry 2020; 177:818-826. [PMID: 32731812 PMCID: PMC7716800 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early adversity is correlated with increased risk for negative outcomes, including psychopathology and atypical neurodevelopment. The authors aimed to test the causal impact of an early parenting intervention (Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up; ABC) on children's neural processing of parent cues and on psychosocial functioning in a longitudinal randomized clinical trial. METHODS Participants (N=68, mean age, 10.0 years [SD=0.8 years]) were 46 high-risk children whose parents were randomly assigned to receive either the ABC intervention (N=22) or a control intervention (N=24) while the children were infants, in addition to a comparison sample of low-risk children (N=22). During functional MRI scanning, children viewed pictures of their own mothers and of a stranger. RESULTS Children in the ABC condition showed greater maternal cue-related activation than children in the control condition in clusters of brain regions, including the precuneus, the cingulate gyrus, and the hippocampus, regions commonly associated with social cognition. Additionally, greater activity in these regions was associated with fewer total behavior problems. There was an indirect effect of early intervention on middle childhood psychosocial functioning mediated through increased activity in brain regions in response to maternal cues. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that early parenting intervention (in this case the ABC intervention) can enhance brain regions supporting children's social cognitive development. In addition, the findings highlight these brain effects as a possible neural pathway through which ABC may prevent future behavior problems among high-risk children, yielding psychosocial benefits that endure through at least middle childhood without the need to intervene with the child directly.
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54
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Uhlmann L, Pazen M, van Kemenade BM, Steinsträter O, Harris LR, Kircher T, Straube B. Seeing your own or someone else's hand moving in accordance with your action: The neural interaction of agency and hand identity. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:2474-2489. [PMID: 32090439 PMCID: PMC7268012 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Forward models can predict sensory consequences of self-action, which is reflected by less neural processing for actively than passively generated sensory inputs (BOLD suppression effect). However, it remains open whether forward models take the identity of a moving body part into account when predicting the sensory consequences of an action. In the current study, fMRI was used to investigate the neural correlates of active and passive hand movements during which participants saw either an on-line display of their own hand or someone else's hand moving in accordance with their movement. Participants had to detect delays (0-417 ms) between their movement and the displays. Analyses revealed reduced activation in sensory areas and higher delay detection thresholds for active versus passive movements. Furthermore, there was increased activation in the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the middle temporal gyrus when someone else's hand was seen. Most importantly, in posterior parietal (angular gyrus and precuneus), frontal (middle, superior, and medial frontal gyrus), and temporal (middle temporal gyrus) regions, suppression for actively versus passively generated feedback was stronger when participants were viewing their own compared to someone else's hand. Our results suggest that forward models can take hand identity into account when predicting sensory action consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Uhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)University of MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Mareike Pazen
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)University of MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Bianca M. van Kemenade
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)University of MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Olaf Steinsträter
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of MarburgMarburgGermany
- Core Facility Brain ImagingUniversity of MarburgMarburgGermany
| | | | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)University of MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Benjamin Straube
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)University of MarburgMarburgGermany
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55
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Voges MM, Giabbiconi CM, Schöne B, Gruber T, Hartmann AS, Vocks S. Time course of body recognition in women with weight and shape concerns assessed by steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP). Biol Psychol 2020; 154:107906. [PMID: 32464169 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2020.107906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine self-body recognition in women with high (HWSC) and low weight and shape concerns (LWSC). Thus, the detection rate, the reaction time and the perceptual threshold for recognizing one's own body in a morphed body were measured in n = 25 women with HWSC and n = 26 women with LWSC. Furthermore, by using steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs), neuronal correlates of body recognition were recorded. The perceptual threshold for recognizing one's own body was higher for women with HWSC in the case of a morph with a thinner body. No group differences emerged for morphs with obese or average-weight bodies. The SSVEP amplitudes did not differentiate between one's own and another body in either group. The results suggest that for women with HWSC, their negative body schemata might hamper recognition of their own body in a thinner morph. Otherwise, self-body recognition is similar in women with LWSC and HWSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Voges
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Osnabrück University, Knollstraße 15, 49069 Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Claire-Marie Giabbiconi
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Osnabrück University, Knollstraße 15, 49069 Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Benjamin Schöne
- Department of Experimental Psychology I, Osnabrück University, Seminarstraße 20, 49074 Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Thomas Gruber
- Department of Experimental Psychology I, Osnabrück University, Seminarstraße 20, 49074 Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Andrea S Hartmann
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Osnabrück University, Knollstraße 15, 49069 Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - Silja Vocks
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Osnabrück University, Knollstraße 15, 49069 Osnabrück, Germany.
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56
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Wang Y, Cheung H, Yee LTS, Tse CY. Feedback-related negativity (FRN) and theta oscillations: Different feedback signals for non-conform and conform decisions. Biol Psychol 2020; 153:107880. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2020.107880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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57
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Long M, Verbeke W, Ein-Dor T, Vrtička P. A functional neuro-anatomical model of human attachment (NAMA): Insights from first- and second-person social neuroscience. Cortex 2020; 126:281-321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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58
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Farmer H, Hertz U, Hamilton AFDC. The neural basis of shared preference learning. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2020; 14:1061-1072. [PMID: 31680152 PMCID: PMC6970152 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsz076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During our daily lives, we often learn about the similarity of the traits and preferences of others to our own and use that information during our social interactions. However, it is unclear how the brain represents similarity between the self and others. One possible mechanism is to track similarity to oneself regardless of the identity of the other (Similarity account); an alternative is to track each other person in terms of consistency of their choice similarity with respect to the choices they have made before (consistency account). Our study combined functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and computational modelling of reinforcement learning (RL) to investigate the neural processes that underlie learning about preference similarity. Participants chose which of two pieces of artwork they preferred and saw the choices of one agent who usually shared their preference and another agent who usually did not. We modelled neural activation with RL models based on the similarity and consistency accounts. Our results showed that activity in brain areas linked to reward and social cognition followed the consistency account. Our findings suggest that impressions of other people can be calculated in a person-specific manner, which assumes that each individual behaves consistently with their past choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Farmer
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, WC1N 3AZ, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Uri Hertz
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
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59
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Vergallito A, Mattavelli G, Gerfo EL, Anzani S, Rovagnati V, Speciale M, Vinai P, Vinai P, Vinai L, Lauro LJR. Explicit and Implicit Responses of Seeing Own vs. Others' Emotions: An Electromyographic Study on the Neurophysiological and Cognitive Basis of the Self-Mirroring Technique. Front Psychol 2020; 11:433. [PMID: 32296363 PMCID: PMC7136519 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Facial mimicry is described by embodied cognition theories as a human mirror system-based neural mechanism underpinning emotion recognition. This could play a critical role in the Self-Mirroring Technique (SMT), a method used in psychotherapy to foster patients’ emotion recognition by showing them a video of their own face recorded during an emotionally salient moment. However, dissociation in facial mimicry during the perception of own and others’ emotions has not been investigated so far. In the present study, we measured electromyographic (EMG) activity from three facial muscles, namely, the zygomaticus major (ZM), the corrugator supercilii (CS), and the levator labii superioris (LLS) while participants were presented with video clips depicting their own face or other unknown faces expressing anger, happiness, sadness, disgust, fear, or a neutral emotion. The results showed that processing self vs. other expressions differently modulated emotion perception at the explicit and implicit muscular levels. Participants were significantly less accurate in recognizing their own vs. others’ neutral expressions and rated fearful, disgusted, and neutral expressions as more arousing in the self condition than in the other condition. Even facial EMG evidenced different activations for self vs. other facial expressions. Increased activation of the ZM muscle was found in the self condition compared to the other condition for anger and disgust. Activation of the CS muscle was lower for self than for others’ expressions during processing a happy, sad, fearful, or neutral emotion. Finally, the LLS muscle showed increased activation in the self condition compared to the other condition for sad and fearful expressions but increased activation in the other condition compared to the self condition for happy and neutral expressions. Taken together, our complex pattern of results suggests a dissociation at both the explicit and implicit levels in emotional processing of self vs. other emotions that, in the light of the Emotion in Context view, suggests that STM effectiveness is primarily due to a contextual–interpretative process that occurs before that facial mimicry takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emanuele Lo Gerfo
- Clinical Psychology Service of Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCSS IsMeTT), Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefano Anzani
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Viola Rovagnati
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Piergiuseppe Vinai
- "GNOSIS" Research and Psychotherapy Group, Mondovì, Italy.,Studi Cognitivi, Cognitive Psychotherapy School and Research Center, Milan, Italy.,Psicologia Scientifica - Centro di Ricerca e Promozione Sociale, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Vinai
- "GNOSIS" Research and Psychotherapy Group, Mondovì, Italy
| | - Luisa Vinai
- Pôle de Psychiatrie et Psychothérapie du Centre Hospitalier du Valais Romand, Monthey, Switzerland
| | - Leonor J Romero Lauro
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,Studi Cognitivi, Cognitive Psychotherapy School and Research Center, Milan, Italy
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60
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Deficits of subliminal self-face processing in schizophrenia. Conscious Cogn 2020; 79:102896. [DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2020.102896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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61
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Right-hemispheric Dominance in Self-body Recognition is Altered in Left-handed Individuals. Neuroscience 2020; 425:68-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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62
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Patterns of individual differences in fiber tract integrity of the face processing brain network support neurofunctional models. Neuroimage 2020; 204:116229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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63
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Kramer, Duran, Soder, Applegate, Youssef, Criscione, Keenan. The Special Brain: Subclinical Grandiose Narcissism and Self-Face Recognition in the Right Prefrontal Cortex. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.5406/amerjpsyc.133.4.0487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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64
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Nakano T, Uesugi Y. Risk Factors Leading to Preference for Extreme Facial Retouching. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2019; 23:52-59. [PMID: 31851844 PMCID: PMC6985765 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2019.0545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Young women posting their edited face photographs on social networking sites have become a popular phenomenon, but an excessively retouched face image sometimes gives a strange impression to its viewers. This study investigates what personal characteristics facilitate a bias toward an excessively edited face image. Thirty young Asian women evaluated the attractiveness and naturalness of their face images, which were edited in eight different levels-from mild to excessive-by expanding their eyes and thinning their chin. The mildly retouched face was evaluated as more attractive than the original face, but the excessively retouched face was evaluated as unattractive and unnatural in comparison with the original face. The preferred face edit level was higher for one's own face than for others. Moreover, participants with higher autism-spectrum quotient (AQ) scores were found to regard excessively edited face images as more attractive. The attention to detail subscale of the AQ showed a significant positive correlation with the preferred face edit level. The imagination subscale, on the contrary, showed a significant negative correlation with the preferred face edit level. The pupil response for self-face images was significantly larger than those for others' face images, but this difference decreased with higher AQ scores. This study suggests that an increased attractiveness in their mildly retouched face promotes this behavior of retouching one's own face, but autistic traits, which are insensitive to the creepiness of the excessively retouched face, might pose a potential risk to inducing retouch dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamami Nakano
- Graduate School of Frontiers Bioscience, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science Technology, Saitama, Japan
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65
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Rohleder C, Koethe D, Fritze S, Topor CE, Leweke FM, Hirjak D. Neural correlates of binocular depth inversion illusion in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia patients. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 269:897-910. [PMID: 29556734 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-018-0886-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Binocular depth inversion illusion (BDII), a visual, 'top-down'-driven information process, is impaired in schizophrenia and particularly in its early stages. BDII is a sensitive measure of impaired visual information processing and represents a valid diagnostic tool for schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. However, neurobiological underpinnings of aberrant BDII in first-episode schizophrenia are largely unknown at present. METHODS In this study, 22 right-handed, first-episode, antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients underwent BDII assessment and MRI scanning at 1.5 T. The surface-based analysis via new version of Freesurfer (6.0) enabled calculation of cortical thickness and surface area. BDII total and faces scores were related to the two distinct cortical measurements. RESULTS We found a significant correlation between BDII performance and cortical thickness in the inferior frontal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus (p < 0.003, Bonferroni corr.), as well as superior parietal gyrus, postcentral gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, and precentral gyrus (p < 0.05, CWP corr.), respectively. BDII performance was significantly correlated with surface area in the superior parietal gyrus and right postcentral gyrus (p < 0.003, Bonferroni corr.). CONCLUSION BDII performance may be linked to cortical thickness and surface area variations in regions involved in "adaptive" or "top-down" modulation and stimulus processing, i.e., frontal and parietal lobes. Our results suggest that cortical features of distinct evolutionary and genetic origin differently contribute to BDII performance in first-episode, antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrin Rohleder
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Radiochemistry and Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dagmar Koethe
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stefan Fritze
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cristina E Topor
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - F Markus Leweke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.,Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dusan Hirjak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
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66
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Qian W, Fischer CE, Churchill NW, Kumar S, Rajji T, Schweizer TA. Delusions in Alzheimer Disease are Associated With Decreased Default Mode Network Functional Connectivity. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019; 27:1060-1068. [PMID: 31130416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Approximately one-third of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) develop delusions. Delusions have been linked to numerous adverse outcomes, including worsened cognitive and functional decline, increased caregiver burden, and higher mortality rates. Previous studies have indicated that both AD and neuropsychiatric symptoms within AD are associated with abnormal functional connectivity of the resting brain, but no studies have focused on how delusions alter resting-state functional connectivity. The authors' objective was to test for differences in resting brain function between delusional and non-delusional patients with AD. The authors hypothesized that patients with AD with delusions would exhibit reduced connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) compared with patients with AD without delusions. METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to investigate differences in functional connectivity between 15 patients with AD with delusions and 15 comparable patients with AD without delusions. A group-level principal component analysis was used to identify functional networks accounting for greatest variability over all subjects, and the DMN was selected for between-group analysis. Dual regression was used to reconstruct individual subject component maps, and a two-sample t test was used to compare groups with and without delusion, adjusted at a false discovery rate of 0.05. RESULTS The two cohorts were comparable demographically and cognitively. The patients with delusions showed significantly reduced connectivity of the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) with the rest of the DMN. CONCLUSION Delusions in AD are associated with reduced connectivity within the DMN, specifically the left IPL. The authors' findings provide insight into the underlying neuropathophysiology of delusions in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie Qian
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research (WQ, CEF, NWC, TAS), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto; the Institute of Medical Sciences (WQ, CEF, TR, TAS), University of Toronto, Toronto
| | - Corinne E Fischer
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research (WQ, CEF, NWC, TAS), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto; the Institute of Medical Sciences (WQ, CEF, TR, TAS), University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry (CEF, SK, TR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto
| | - Nathan W Churchill
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research (WQ, CEF, NWC, TAS), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- the Department of Psychiatry (CEF, SK, TR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; the Division of Geriatric Psychiatry (SK, TR), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto
| | - Tarek Rajji
- the Institute of Medical Sciences (WQ, CEF, TR, TAS), University of Toronto, Toronto; the Department of Psychiatry (CEF, SK, TR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto; the Division of Geriatric Psychiatry (SK, TR), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention (TR), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto
| | - Tom A Schweizer
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research (WQ, CEF, NWC, TAS), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto; the Institute of Medical Sciences (WQ, CEF, TR, TAS), University of Toronto, Toronto; the Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (TAS), University of Toronto, Toronto; the Division of Neurosurgery (TAS), Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto; the Division of Neurosurgery (TAS), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto.
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67
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Dai J, Li C, Zhai H. Development of the functional connectivity of the frontoparietal mirror neuron network in preschool Children: An investigation under resting state. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 70:214-220. [PMID: 31548088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous task-related imaging studies in adults have demonstrated that there is a frontoparietal mirror neuron system (MNS) that preferentially engages in self-recognition. However, the development of the MNS during preschool (age 3-5 years) has not been thoroughly examined. In this study, we investigated the development of the MNS by examining the correlations in spontaneous fluctuations of the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in healthy, 3-5-year-old preschool children (n = 30, 15 in each group). Using a ROI-based (inferior frontal gyrus) functional connectivity analysis, we identified a right lateralized MNS during rest in both groups with a positive correlation between the inferior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule. A significant increase in the functional connectivity of the MNS was observed in the older group. Our results suggest that the spontaneous functional connectivity of the MNS is shaped at as early as 3 years of age and undergoes age-related development within the preschool period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Dai
- School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chaolin Li
- Center of Network and Modern Educational Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Hongchang Zhai
- School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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68
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Zhang R, Zhou A. When I Am Old: The Self-Face Recognition Advantage Disappears for Old Self-Faces. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1644. [PMID: 31417445 PMCID: PMC6682690 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-face is the unique representation of oneself, and it has a processing advantage over familiar faces and the faces of strangers. Generally, recognition of the self-face is significantly faster or more accurate in a variety of tasks compared with recognizing others’ faces. While previous studies that used the present self-face as stimuli have found a processing advantage, what happens when the self-face turns old? To investigate whether an old self-face can still produce the processing advantage, we conducted two experiments. Experiment 1 used a standard visual search paradigm, and Experiment 2 used the implicit association test. In both experiments, the old self-face was compared with the present self-face or an old friend-face. We found that when the self-face turns old, the processing advantage disappears. This research demonstrates a new way to investigate the future self.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghua Zhang
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Aibao Zhou
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
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69
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Bulgarelli C, Blasi A, de Klerk CCJM, Richards JE, Hamilton A, Southgate V. Fronto-temporoparietal connectivity and self-awareness in 18-month-olds: A resting state fNIRS study. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2019; 38:100676. [PMID: 31299480 PMCID: PMC6969340 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
How and when a concept of the 'self' emerges has been the topic of much interest in developmental psychology. Self-awareness has been proposed to emerge at around 18 months, when toddlers start to show evidence of physical self-recognition. However, to what extent physical self-recognition is a valid indicator of being able to think about oneself, is debated. Research in adult cognitive neuroscience has suggested that a common network of brain regions called Default Mode Network (DMN), including the temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), is recruited when we are reflecting on the self. We hypothesized that if mirror self-recognition involves self-awareness, toddlers who exhibit mirror self-recognition might show increased functional connectivity between frontal and temporoparietal regions of the brain, relative to those toddlers who do not yet show mirror self-recognition. Using fNIRS, we collected resting-state data from 18 Recognizers and 22 Non-Recognizers at 18 months of age. We found significantly stronger fronto-temporoparietal connectivity in Recognizers compared to Non-Recognizers, a finding which might support the hypothesized relationship between mirror-self recognition and self-awareness in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bulgarelli
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College, University of London, UK; Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, UK.
| | - Anna Blasi
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College, University of London, UK; Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, UK
| | - Carina C J M de Klerk
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College, University of London, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Essex, UK
| | - John E Richards
- University of South Carolina, Institute for Mind and Brain, Department of Psychology, United States
| | - Antonia Hamilton
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK
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70
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Lust JM, van Schie HT, Wilson PH, van der Helden J, Pelzer B, Steenbergen B. Activation of Mirror Neuron Regions Is Altered in Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)-Neurophysiological Evidence Using an Action Observation Paradigm. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:232. [PMID: 31354451 PMCID: PMC6637752 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have difficulty performing and learning motor skills. Automatic activation of the mirror neuron system (MNS) during action observation and its coupling to the motor output system are important neurophysiological processes that underpin observational motor learning. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that MNS function is disrupted in children with DCD by using sensitive electroencephalography (EEG)-based measures of MNS activation during action observation. Specifically, we predicted reduced mu-suppression and coherence in DCD compared with typically developing children. Neural activation of the motor network was measured by EEG, specifically event-related desynchronization (ERD) of mu rhythms and fronto-parietal coherence. Children (15 DCD/15 controls) were tested under two task conditions: observational learning (imitation of an observed action) and detection (report a deviant movement after observation). EEG-metrics were compared between groups using linear mixed-effects models. As predicted, children with DCD showed lower levels of mu suppression and reduced modulation of coherence during the observational learning task compared with their non-DCD peers. Notably, mu suppression was reduced in DCD over the entire imitation task (repetitions, and both observation and pause intervals). Action observation can be used for the acquisition of new motor skills. This form of learning entails the transposition of the observed action to the existing internal representations of the observer’s own motor system. The present neurophysiological results suggest that this process of learning is impaired in children with DCD. The results are discussed in relation to current hypotheses on mechanisms of DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Lust
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Hein T van Schie
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Peter H Wilson
- Centre for Disability and Development Research (CeDDR), School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Ben Pelzer
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Bert Steenbergen
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Centre for Disability and Development Research (CeDDR), School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Delusional misidentification syndromes (DMS) include conditions in which a false belief about the identity of a person, place, or object occurs in the context of psychiatric or neurological disorders. One form of DMS involves the delusion that the patient's mirror image is a separate individual. This review of reported cases characterizes the psychiatric, neuropathological, and neuropsychological aspects of DMS for the mirror image. An individual case presentation highlights the patient's subjective experience. Finally, the impact of this syndrome on the sense of self is considered. RECENT FINDINGS Mirror DMS is a persistent delusion that occurs in the context of neurological illness. It is associated with right hemisphere impairment and a variety of neuropsychological and neuroimaging abnormalities. This phenomenon contributes to our understanding of a range of neurobehavioral syndromes that can be classified as neuropathologies of the self (NPS). DMS for the mirror image is a neurobehavioral syndrome in which the inability to recognize oneself in the mirror entails neurological, neuropsychological, as well as psychiatric aspects of the sense of self.
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72
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Behavioral and electctrophysiological evidence for enhanced sensitivity to subtle variations of pain expressions of same-race than other-race faces. Neuropsychologia 2019; 129:302-309. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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73
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Perrykkad K, Hohwy J. Modelling Me, Modelling You: the Autistic Self. REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40489-019-00173-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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74
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Brihmat N, Tarri M, Quidé Y, Anglio K, Pavard B, Castel-Lacanal E, Gasq D, De Boissezon X, Marque P, Loubinoux I. Action, observation or imitation of virtual hand movement affect differently regions of the mirror neuron system and the default mode network. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 12:1363-1378. [PMID: 29243119 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-017-9804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR)-based paradigms use visual stimuli that can modulate visuo-motor networks leading to the stimulation of brain circuits. The aims of this study were to compare the changes in blood-oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal when watching and imitating moving real (RH) and virtual hands (VH) in 11 healthy participants (HP). No differences were found between the observation of RH or VH making this VR-based experiment a promising tool for rehabilitation protocols. VH-imitation involved more the ventral premotor cortex (vPMC) as part of the mirror neuron system (MNS) compared to execution and VH-observation conditions. The dorsal-anterior Precuneus (da-Pcu) as part of the Precuneus/posterior Cingulate Cortex (Pcu/pCC) complex, a key node of the Default Mode Network (DMN), was also less deactivated and therefore more involved. These results may reflect the dual visuo-motor roles for the vPMC and the implication of the da-Pcu in the reallocation of attentional and neural resources for bimodal task management. The ventral Pcu/pCC was deactivated regardless of the condition confirming its role in self-reference processes. Imitation of VH stimuli can then modulate the activation of specific areas including those belonging to the MNS and the DMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila Brihmat
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Mohamed Tarri
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Yann Quidé
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Ketty Anglio
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Pôle Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Pavard
- Informatic Research Institute of Toulouse, IRIT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Evelyne Castel-Lacanal
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Pôle Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - David Gasq
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Pôle Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - Xavier De Boissezon
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Pôle Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Marque
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Pôle Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse CHU, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Loubinoux
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
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75
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Malaspina M, Albonico A, Daini R. Self-face and self-body advantages in congenital prosopagnosia: evidence for a common mechanism. Exp Brain Res 2018; 237:673-686. [PMID: 30542755 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-018-5452-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Prosopagnosia is a disorder leading to difficulties in recognizing faces. However, recent evidence suggests that individuals with congenital prosopagnosia can achieve considerable accuracy when they have to recognize their own faces (self-face advantage). Yet, whether this advantage is face-specific or not is still unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate whether individuals with congenial prosopagnosia show a self-advantage also in recognizing other self body-parts and, if so, whether the advantage for the body parts differs from the one characterizing the self-face. Eight individuals with congenital prosopagnosia and 22 controls underwent a delayed matching task in which they were required to recognize faces, hands and feet belonging to the self or to others. Controls showed a similar self-advantage for all the stimuli tested; by contrast, individuals with congenital prosopagnosia showed a larger self-advantage with faces compared to hands and feet, mainly driven by their deficit with others' faces. In both groups the self-advantages for the different body parts were strongly and significantly correlated. Our data suggest that the self-face advantage showed by individuals with congenital prosopagnosia is not face-specific and that the same mechanism could be responsible for both the self-face and self body-part advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Malaspina
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Human Vision and Eye Movement Laboratory, VGH Eye Care Centre, University of British Columbia, 2550 Willow Street, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 3N9, Canada.
- NeuroMI-Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milano, Italy.
| | - Andrea Albonico
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Human Vision and Eye Movement Laboratory, VGH Eye Care Centre, University of British Columbia, 2550 Willow Street, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 3N9, Canada
- NeuroMI-Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberta Daini
- NeuroMI-Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milano, Italy
- Psychology Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- COMiB-Optics and Optometry Research Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
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76
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Li LMW, Luo S, Ma J, Lin Y, Fan L, Zhong S, Yang J, Huang Y, Gu L, Fan L, Dai Z, Wu X. Functional connectivity pattern underlies individual differences in independent self-construal. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2018; 13:269-280. [PMID: 29385622 PMCID: PMC5836281 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsy008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Independent vs interdependent self-construal is a concept that reflects how people perceive the relationship between self and other people, which has been extensively examined across disciplines. However, little evidence on the whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) pattern of independent vs interdependent self-construal has been reported. Here, in a sample of 51 healthy participants, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and voxel-based FC analysis (i.e. FC strength and seed-based FC) by measuring the temporal correlation of blood oxygen level-dependent signals between spatially separate brain regions to investigate the neural mechanism of independent vs interdependent self-construal. First, we found that FC strength of bilateral posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus, and left inferior frontal gyrus were positively correlated with the independent vs interdependent score. Seed-based FC analysis with these three regions as seeds revealed that, FC within default mode network and executive control network was positively correlated with the independent vs interdependent score. Negative correlation with independent vs interdependent score was shown in the connections between default mode network and executive control regions. Taking together, our results provide a comprehensive FC architecture of the independent vs interdependent self-construal and advance the understanding of the interplay between culture, mind and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liman Man Wai Li
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siyang Luo
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junji Ma
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shengqi Zhong
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junkai Yang
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingyu Huang
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Gu
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Leyi Fan
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhengjia Dai
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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77
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Soni S, Muthukrishnan SP, Sood M, Kaur S, Sharma R. Hyperactivation of left inferior parietal lobule and left temporal gyri shortens resting EEG microstate in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2018; 201:204-207. [PMID: 29925477 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The momentary spatial configuration of the brain electric field at the scalp reflects quasi-stable "functional microstates" caused by activity of different intracranial generators. There is paucity in literature on the intracranial generators of resting state EEG microstate alterations in stable patients with schizophrenia. The present study aimed to investigate resting state microstate alterations and their neural generators in patients with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives as compared to healthy controls in an attempt to establish state and trait marker. METHOD Thirty-four patients with schizophrenia (DSM-5 criteria), 29 first-degree relatives and 25 matched healthy controls participated in the study. Brain activity during eyes closed condition was recorded using 128 channel electroencephalography. Microstates were clustered into 5 maps across groups according to their topography. Microstate map parameters and their cortical sources were compared among groups. RESULTS Map 5 mean duration (χ2(2) = 7.617, p = 0.022) was significantly lower in patients compared to controls (U = 256, p = 0.010). Maximum activation was seen in left inferior parietal lobule (MNI coordinates: -65, -35, 25, Log-Fmax = 0.748). Suprathreshold cortical voxels with increased activations were found localized at left temporal gyri. CONCLUSION Hyperactivation in left inferior parietal lobule and temporal gyri might have shortened Map 5 duration at rest in patients with schizophrenia. This could imply microstate alterations as the potential state marker of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunaina Soni
- Stress and Cognitive Electroimaging Laboratory, Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Suriya Prakash Muthukrishnan
- Stress and Cognitive Electroimaging Laboratory, Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mamta Sood
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Simran Kaur
- Stress and Cognitive Electroimaging Laboratory, Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ratna Sharma
- Stress and Cognitive Electroimaging Laboratory, Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Benuzzi F, Lui F, Ardizzi M, Ambrosecchia M, Ballotta D, Righi S, Pagnoni G, Gallese V, Porro CA. Pain Mirrors: Neural Correlates of Observing Self or Others' Facial Expressions of Pain. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1825. [PMID: 30333771 PMCID: PMC6175971 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Facial expressions of pain are able to elicit empathy and adaptive behavioral responses in the observer. An influential theory posits that empathy relies on an affective mirror mechanism, according to which emotion recognition relies upon the internal simulation of motor and interoceptive states triggered by emotional stimuli. We tested this hypothesis comparing representations of self or others' expressions of pain in nineteen young healthy female volunteers by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We hypothesized that one's own facial expressions are more likely to elicit the internal simulation of emotions, being more strictly related to self. Video-clips of the facial expressions of each volunteer receiving either painful or non-painful mechanical stimulations to their right hand dorsum were recorded and used as stimuli in a 2 × 2 (Self/Other; Pain/No-Pain) within-subject design. During each trial, a 2 s video clip was presented, displaying either the subject's own neutral or painful facial expressions (Self No-Pain, SNP; Self Pain, SP), or the expressions of other unfamiliar volunteers (Others' No-Pain, ONP; Others' Pain, OP), displaying a comparable emotional intensity. Participants were asked to indicate whether each video displayed a pain expression. fMRI signals were higher while viewing Pain than No-Pain stimuli in a large bilateral array of cortical areas including middle and superior temporal, supramarginal, superior mesial and inferior frontal (IFG) gyri, anterior insula (AI), anterior cingulate (ACC), and anterior mid-cingulate (aMCC) cortex, as well as right fusiform gyrus. Bilateral activations were also detected in thalamus and basal ganglia. The Self vs. Other contrast showed signal changes in ACC and aMCC, IFG, AI, and parietal cortex. A significant interaction between Self and Pain [(SP vs. SNP) >(OP vs. ONP)] was found in a pre-defined region of aMCC known to be also active during noxious stimulation. These findings demonstrate that the observation of one's own and others' facial expressions share a largely common neural network, but self-related stimuli induce generally higher activations. In line with our hypothesis, selectively greater activity for self pain-related stimuli was found in aMCC, a medial-wall region critical for pain perception and recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Benuzzi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Fausta Lui
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Martina Ardizzi
- Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marianna Ambrosecchia
- Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniela Ballotta
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sara Righi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pagnoni
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Vittorio Gallese
- Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Adolfo Porro
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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79
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Hills PJ. Children process the self face using configural and featural encoding: Evidence from eye tracking. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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80
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Cassidy BS, Krendl AC. Believing is Seeing: Arbitrary Stigma Labels Affect the Visual Representation of Faces. SOCIAL COGNITION 2018. [DOI: 10.1521/soco.2018.36.4.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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81
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Aziz-Zadeh L, Kilroy E, Corcelli G. Understanding Activation Patterns in Shared Circuits: Toward a Value Driven Model. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:180. [PMID: 29867409 PMCID: PMC5949354 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade many studies indicate that we utilize our own motor system to understand the actions of other people. This mirror neuron system (MNS) has been proposed to be involved in social cognition and motor learning. However, conflicting findings regarding the underlying mechanisms that drive these shared circuits make it difficult to decipher a common model of their function. Here we propose adapting a “value-driven” model to explain discrepancies in the human mirror system literature and to incorporate this model with existing models. We will use this model to explain discrepant activation patterns in multiple shared circuits in the human data, such that a unified model may explain reported activation patterns from previous studies as a function of value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Aziz-Zadeh
- Brain and Creativity Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Emily Kilroy
- Brain and Creativity Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Giorgio Corcelli
- Department of Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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82
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Hartwigsen G, Neef NE, Camilleri JA, Margulies DS, Eickhoff SB. Functional Segregation of the Right Inferior Frontal Gyrus: Evidence From Coactivation-Based Parcellation. Cereb Cortex 2018; 29:1532-1546. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gesa Hartwigsen
- Research Group Modulation of Language Networks, Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole E Neef
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia A Camilleri
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behavior (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Daniel S Margulies
- Frontlab, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), UPMC UMRS 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behavior (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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83
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Morita T, Saito DN, Ban M, Shimada K, Okamoto Y, Kosaka H, Okazawa H, Asada M, Naito E. Self-Face Recognition Begins to Share Active Region in Right Inferior Parietal Lobule with Proprioceptive Illusion During Adolescence. Cereb Cortex 2018; 28:1532-1548. [PMID: 29420750 PMCID: PMC6093481 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that right-side dominance of the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) in self-body recognition (proprioceptive illusion) task emerges during adolescence in typical human development. Here, we extend this finding by demonstrating that functional lateralization to the right IPL also develops during adolescence in another self-body (specifically a self-face) recognition task. We collected functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 60 right-handed healthy children (8-11 years), adolescents (12-15 years), and adults (18-23 years; 20 per group) while they judged whether a presented face was their own (Self) or that of somebody else (Other). We also analyzed fMRI data collected while they performed proprioceptive illusion task. All participants performed self-face recognition with high accuracy. Among brain regions where self-face-related activity (Self vs. Other) developed, only right IPL activity developed predominantly for self-face processing, with no substantial involvement in other-face processing. Adult-like right-dominant use of IPL emerged during adolescence, but was not yet present in childhood. Adult-like common activation between the tasks also emerged during adolescence. Adolescents showing stronger right-lateralized IPL activity during illusion also showed this during self-face recognition. Our results suggest the importance of the right IPL in neuronal processing of information associated with one's own body in typically developing humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyo Morita
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), 2A6 1-4 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke N Saito
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaiduki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaiduki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Midori Ban
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Faculty of Psychology, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tataramiyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Shimada
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaiduki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaiduki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yuko Okamoto
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaiduki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kosaka
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaiduki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaiduki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaiduki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Okazawa
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaiduki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaiduki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
| | - Minoru Asada
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), 2A6 1-4 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiichi Naito
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), 2A6 1-4 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Medicine, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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84
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de Bézenac CE, Sluming V, Alhazmi F, Corcoran R. Agency performance modulates resting-state variation in prefrontal brain regions. Neuropsychologia 2018; 111:16-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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85
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Chakraborty A, Chakrabarti B. Looking at My Own Face: Visual Processing Strategies in Self-Other Face Recognition. Front Psychol 2018; 9:121. [PMID: 29487554 PMCID: PMC5816906 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We live in an age of ‘selfies.’ Yet, how we look at our own faces has seldom been systematically investigated. In this study we test if the visual processing of the highly familiar self-face is different from other faces, using psychophysics and eye-tracking. This paradigm also enabled us to test the association between the psychophysical properties of self-face representation and visual processing strategies involved in self-face recognition. Thirty-three adults performed a self-face recognition task from a series of self-other face morphs with simultaneous eye-tracking. Participants were found to look longer at the lower part of the face for self-face compared to other-face. Participants with a more distinct self-face representation, as indexed by a steeper slope of the psychometric response curve for self-face recognition, were found to look longer at upper part of the faces identified as ‘self’ vs. those identified as ‘other’. This result indicates that self-face representation can influence where we look when we process our own vs. others’ faces. We also investigated the association of autism-related traits with self-face processing metrics since autism has previously been associated with atypical self-processing. The study did not find any self-face specific association with autistic traits, suggesting that autism-related features may be related to self-processing in a domain specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anya Chakraborty
- Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Bhismadev Chakrabarti
- Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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86
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Wójcik MJ, Nowicka MM, Kotlewska I, Nowicka A. Self-face Captures, Holds, and Biases Attention. Front Psychol 2018; 8:2371. [PMID: 29375456 PMCID: PMC5768651 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The implicit self-recognition process may take place already in the pre-attentive stages of perception. After a silent stimulus has captured attention, it is passed on to the attentive stage where it can affect decision making and responding. Numerous studies show that the presence of self-referential information affects almost every cognitive level. These effects may share a common and fundamental basis in an attentional mechanism, conceptualized as attentional bias: the exaggerated deployment of attentional resources to a salient stimulus. A gold standard in attentional bias research is the dot-probe paradigm. In this task, a prominent stimulus (cue) and a neutral stimulus are presented in different spatial locations, followed by the presentation of a target. In the current study we aimed at investigating whether the self-face captures, holds and biases attention when presented as a task-irrelevant stimulus. In two dot-probe experiments coupled with the event-related potential (ERP) technique we analyzed the following relevant ERPs components: N2pc and SPCN which reflect attentional shifts and the maintenance of attention, respectively. An inter-stimulus interval separating face-cues and probes (800 ms) was introduced only in the first experiment. In line with our predictions, in Experiment 1 the self-face elicited the N2pc and the SPCN component. In Experiment 2 in addition to N2pc, an attentional bias was observed. Our results indicate that unintentional self-face processing disables the top-down control setting to filter out distractors, thus leading to the engagement of attentional resources and visual short-term memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał J Wójcik
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland.,Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maria M Nowicka
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Kotlewska
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Humanities, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Anna Nowicka
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
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87
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Dopamine-dependent social information processing in non-human primates. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:1141-1149. [PMID: 29332256 PMCID: PMC5869898 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4831-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Dopamine (DA) is a neurotransmitter whose roles have been suggested in various aspects of brain functions. Recent studies in rodents have reported its roles in social function. However, how DA is involved in social information processing in primates has largely remained unclear. OBJECTIVES We investigated prefrontal cortical (PFC) activities associated with social vs. nonsocial visual stimulus processing. METHODS Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was applied to Japanese macaques, along with pharmacological manipulations of DA transmission, while they were gazing at social and nonsocial visual stimuli. RESULTS Oxygenated (oxy-Hb) and deoxygenated (deoxy-Hb) hemoglobin changes as well as functional connectivity based on such Hb changes within the PFC network which were distinct between social and nonsocial stimuli were observed. Administration of both D1 and D2 receptor antagonists affected the Hb changes associated with social stimuli, whereas D1, but not D2, receptor antagonist affected the Hb changes associated with nonsocial stimuli. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that mesocortical DA transmission in the PFC plays significant roles in social information processing, which involves both D1 and D2 receptor activation, in nonhuman primates. However, D1 and D2 receptor signaling in the PFC mediates different aspects of social vs. nonsocial information processing.
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88
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Finke JB, Larra MF, Merz MU, Schächinger H. Startling similarity: Effects of facial self-resemblance and familiarity on the processing of emotional faces. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189028. [PMID: 29216226 PMCID: PMC5720797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Facial self-resemblance has been associated with positive emotional evaluations, but this effect may be biased by self-face familiarity. Here we report two experiments utilizing startle modulation to investigate how the processing of facial expressions of emotion is affected by subtle resemblance to the self as well as to familiar faces. Participants of the first experiment (I) (N = 39) were presented with morphed faces showing happy, neutral, and fearful expressions which were manipulated to resemble either their own or unknown faces. At SOAs of either 300 ms or 3500–4500 ms after picture onset, startle responses were elicited by binaural bursts of white noise (50 ms, 105 dB), and recorded at the orbicularis oculi via EMG. Manual reaction time was measured in a simple emotion discrimination paradigm. Pictures preceding noise bursts by short SOA inhibited startle (prepulse inhibition, PPI). Both affective modulation and PPI of startle in response to emotional faces was altered by physical similarity to the self. As indexed both by relative facilitation of startle and faster manual responses, self-resemblance apparently induced deeper processing of facial affect, particularly in happy faces. Experiment II (N = 54) produced similar findings using morphs of famous faces, yet showed no impact of mere familiarity on PPI effects (or response time, either). The results are discussed with respect to differential (presumably pre-attentive) effects of self-specific vs. familiar information in face processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes B. Finke
- Institute of Psychobiology, Department of Clinical Psychophysiology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Mauro F. Larra
- Institute of Psychobiology, Department of Clinical Psychophysiology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Martina U. Merz
- Institute of Psychobiology, Department of Clinical Psychophysiology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schächinger
- Institute of Psychobiology, Department of Clinical Psychophysiology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
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89
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Watanabe R, Higuchi T, Kikuchi Y, Taira M. Visuomotor effects of body part movements presented in the first-person perspective on imitative behavior. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:6218-6229. [PMID: 28929542 PMCID: PMC6867061 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Imitative stimuli presented from a first-person perspective (FPP) produce stronger visuomotor effects than those presented from a third-person perspective (TPP) due to the relatively greater response of the mirror neuron system (MNS) to FPP stimuli. Some previous studies utilizing TPP stimuli have reported no differences in MNS activity between moving and static bodies' stimuli. However, few studies have compared visuomotor effects of such stimuli when presented in the FPP. To clarify this issue, we measured cortical activation in 17 participants during a functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imitation task involving three conditions: moving (a lifting finger was presented), static (an "X" appeared on a static finger), and control (an "X" appeared on a button). All stimuli were presented from the FPP or TPP. Participants were asked to lift the finger corresponding to the imitative stimulus. In the FPP condition, moving stimuli elicited greater MNS activation than static stimuli. Furthermore, such movement effects were stronger in the MNS and insula (a region associated with body-ownership) for FPP stimuli than for TPP stimuli. Psychophysiological interaction analysis revealed increased connectivity between the MNS and insula for moving stimuli in the FPP condition. These findings suggest that bodily movements presented in the FPP elicit a greater visuomotor response than static body presented in the FPP, and that the visuomotor effects of bodily movements were greater in the FPP condition than in the TPP condition. Our analyses further indicated that such responses are processed via the neural system underlying body-ownership. Hum Brain Mapp 38:6218-6229, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Watanabe
- Department of Cognitive Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
- The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)TokyoJapan
| | - Takahiro Higuchi
- Department of Health Promotion Science, Division of Human Health SciencesGraduate School of Tokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Yoshiaki Kikuchi
- Department of Frontier Health Science, Division of Human Health SciencesGraduate School of Tokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Masato Taira
- Department of Cognitive Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
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90
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Hecht EE, Mahovetz LM, Preuss TM, Hopkins WD. A neuroanatomical predictor of mirror self-recognition in chimpanzees. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2017; 12:37-48. [PMID: 27803287 PMCID: PMC5390703 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsw159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to recognize one's own reflection is shared by humans and only a few other species, including chimpanzees. However, this ability is highly variable across individual chimpanzees. In humans, self-recognition involves a distributed, right-lateralized network including frontal and parietal regions involved in the production and perception of action. The superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) is a system of white matter tracts linking these frontal and parietal regions. The current study measured mirror self-recognition (MSR) and SLF anatomy in 60 chimpanzees using diffusion tensor imaging. Successful self-recognition was associated with greater rightward asymmetry in the white matter of SLFII and SLFIII, and in SLFIII's gray matter terminations in Broca's area. We observed a visible progression of SLFIII's prefrontal extension in apes that show negative, ambiguous, and compelling evidence of MSR. Notably, SLFIII's terminations in Broca's area are not right-lateralized or particularly pronounced at the population level in chimpanzees, as they are in humans. Thus, chimpanzees with more human-like behavior show more human-like SLFIII connectivity. These results suggest that self-recognition may have co-emerged with adaptations to frontoparietal circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Hecht
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience.,Division of Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - L M Mahovetz
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - T M Preuss
- Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center.,Center for Translational Social Neuroscience.,Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - W D Hopkins
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience.,Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center.,The Language Research Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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91
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Improving fMRI in signal drop-out regions at 7 T by using tailored radio-frequency pulses: application to the ventral occipito-temporal cortex. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 31:257-267. [PMID: 28933028 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-017-0652-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Signal drop-off occurs in echo-planar imaging in inferior brain areas due to field gradients from susceptibility differences between air and tissue. Tailored-RF pulses based on a hyperbolic secant (HS) have been shown to partially recover signal at 3 T, but have not been tested at higher fields. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aim of this study was to compare the performance of an optimized tailored-RF gradient-echo echo-planar imaging (TRF GRE-EPI) sequence with standard GRE-EPI at 7 T, in a passive viewing of faces or objects fMRI paradigm in healthy subjects. RESULTS Increased temporal-SNR (tSNR) was observed in the middle and inferior temporal lobes and orbitofrontal cortex of all subjects scanned, but elsewhere tSNR decreased relative to the standard acquisition. In the TRF GRE-EPI, increased functional signal was observed in the fusiform, lateral occipital cortex, and occipital pole, regions known to be part of the visual pathway involved in face-object perception. CONCLUSION This work highlights the potential of TRF approaches at 7 T. Paired with a reversed-gradient distortion correction to compensate for in-plane susceptibility gradients, it provides an improved acquisition strategy for future neurocognitive studies at ultra-high field imaging in areas suffering from static magnetic field inhomogeneities.
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92
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Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation of right temporoparietal area inhibits self-recognition. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2017; 17:1-8. [PMID: 27655384 PMCID: PMC5272881 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-016-0461-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Self–other discrimination is a crucial mechanism for social cognition. Neuroimaging and neurostimulation research has pointed to the involvement of the right temporoparietal region in a variety of self–other discrimination tasks. Although repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the right temporoparietal area has been shown to disrupt self–other discrimination in face-recognition tasks, no research has investigated the effect of increasing the cortical excitability in this region on self–other face discrimination. Here we used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to investigate changes in self–other discrimination with a video-morphing task in which the participant’s face morphed into, or out of, a familiar other’s face. The task was performed before and after 20 min of tDCS targeting the right temporoparietal area (anodal, cathodal, or sham stimulation). Differences in task performance following stimulation were taken to indicate a change in self–other discrimination. Following anodal stimulation only, we observed a significant increase in the amount of self-face needed to distinguish between self and other. The findings are discussed in relation to the control of self and other representations and to domain-general theories of social cognition.
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93
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Toward Robot Self-Consciousness (II): Brain-Inspired Robot Bodily Self Model for Self-Recognition. Cognit Comput 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12559-017-9505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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94
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Holanda Júnior FWN. Evitação e proibição do incesto: fatores psicobiológicos e culturais. PSICOLOGIA USP 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-656420160050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Embora historicamente a regulação proibitiva do incesto seja considerada um fenômeno cultural quase universal que não é influenciado por fatores psicobiológicos relativos à história evolutiva da espécie humana, evidências recentes têm questionado essa visão tradicional e defendido que a evitação e a proibição do incesto são influenciadas biológica e cognitivamente com a cultura. Este artigo objetiva desenvolver uma discussão teórica acerca da inibição e proibição do incesto, enfatizando os mecanismos evolutivos subjacentes a esses fenômenos. Argumenta-se a existência de mecanismos endógenos que evoluíram porque inibem a atividade sexual entre parentes próximos e que formam a base para regular socialmente a proibição do incesto (mecanismo exógeno). Destaca-se o efeito Westermarck, no qual a proximidade de pessoas que vivem juntas desde a infância provoca uma aversão ao intercurso sexual entre elas. A ausência de propensão ao incesto e sua proibição institucional constituem uma complexa integração entre fatores psicobiológicos e culturais.
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95
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Morita T, Saito DN, Ban M, Shimada K, Okamoto Y, Kosaka H, Okazawa H, Asada M, Naito E. Self-face recognition shares brain regions active during proprioceptive illusion in the right inferior fronto-parietal superior longitudinal fasciculus III network. Neuroscience 2017; 348:288-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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96
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Boeving ER, Belnap SC, Nelson EL. Embraces are lateralized in spider monkeys (Ateles fusciceps rufiventris). Am J Primatol 2017; 79. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily R. Boeving
- Department of Psychology; Florida International University; Miami Florida
| | - Starlie C. Belnap
- Department of Psychology; Florida International University; Miami Florida
| | - Eliza L. Nelson
- Department of Psychology; Florida International University; Miami Florida
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97
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Göttlich M, Ye Z, Rodriguez-Fornells A, Münte TF, Krämer UM. Viewing socio-affective stimuli increases connectivity within an extended default mode network. Neuroimage 2017; 148:8-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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98
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Common and distinct brain regions processing multisensory bodily signals for peripersonal space and body ownership. Neuroimage 2017; 147:602-618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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99
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A neural network underlying intentional emotional facial expression in neurodegenerative disease. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 14:672-678. [PMID: 28373956 PMCID: PMC5367861 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Intentional facial expression of emotion is critical to healthy social interactions. Patients with neurodegenerative disease, particularly those with right temporal or prefrontal atrophy, show dramatic socioemotional impairment. This was an exploratory study examining the neural and behavioral correlates of intentional facial expression of emotion in neurodegenerative disease patients and healthy controls. One hundred and thirty three participants (45 Alzheimer's disease, 16 behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, 8 non-fluent primary progressive aphasia, 10 progressive supranuclear palsy, 11 right-temporal frontotemporal dementia, 9 semantic variant primary progressive aphasia patients and 34 healthy controls) were video recorded while imitating static images of emotional faces and producing emotional expressions based on verbal command; the accuracy of their expression was rated by blinded raters. Participants also underwent face-to-face socioemotional testing and informants described participants' typical socioemotional behavior. Patients' performance on emotion expression tasks was correlated with gray matter volume using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) across the entire sample. We found that intentional emotional imitation scores were related to fundamental socioemotional deficits; patients with known socioemotional deficits performed worse than controls on intentional emotion imitation; and intentional emotional expression predicted caregiver ratings of empathy and interpersonal warmth. Whole brain VBMs revealed a rightward cortical atrophy pattern homologous to the left lateralized speech production network was associated with intentional emotional imitation deficits. Results point to a possible neural mechanisms underlying complex socioemotional communication deficits in neurodegenerative disease patients. A rightward atrophy pattern homologous to the leftward "speech production network" predicted patients' ability to intentionally imitate emotional facial expressions. Neurodegenerative disease patients with core deficits in social functioning show deficits in the ability to intentionally imitate facial expressions of emotion. Intentional emotion imitation deficits were related to more fundamental deficits in emotion reading and general emotional expressiveness. Emotion imitation deficits predicted caregivers’ ratings of interpersonal warmth and empathy.
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100
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Frewen P, Thornley E, Rabellino D, Lanius R. Neuroimaging the traumatized self: fMRI reveals altered response in cortical midline structures and occipital cortex during visual and verbal self- and other-referential processing in women with PTSD. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2017; 8:1314164. [PMID: 28649298 PMCID: PMC5475303 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2017.1314164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Changes to the diagnostic criteria for PTSD in DSM-5 reflect an increased emphasis on negative cognition referring to self and other, including self-blame, and related pervasive negative affective states including for self-conscious emotions such as guilt and shame. Objective: Investigate the neural correlates of valenced self-referential processing (SRP) and other-referential processing (ORP) in persons with PTSD. Method: We compared response to the Visual-Verbal Self-Other Referential Processing Task in an fMRI study of women with (n = 20) versus without (n = 24) PTSD primarily relating to childhood and interpersonal trauma histories using statistical parametric mapping and group independent component analysis. Results: As compared to women without PTSD, women with PTSD endorsed negative words as more descriptive both of themselves and others, whereas positive words were endorsed as less descriptive both of themselves and others. Women with PTSD also reported a greater experience of negative affect and a lesser experience of positive affect during SRP specifically. Significant differences between groups were observed within independent components defined by ventral- and middle-medial prefrontal corte x, mediolateral parietal cortex, and visual cortex, depending on experimental conditions. Conclusions: This study reveals brain-based disturbances during SRP and ORP in women with PTSD related to interpersonal and developmental trauma. Psychological assessment and treatment should address altered sense of self and affective response to others in PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Frewen
- School and Applied Child Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Thornley
- School and Applied Child Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Daniela Rabellino
- School and Applied Child Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ruth Lanius
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Research Unit, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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