51
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Betti C, Starnowska J, Mika J, Dyniewicz J, Frankiewicz L, Novoa A, Bochynska M, Keresztes A, Kosson P, Makuch W, Van Duppen J, Chung NN, Vanden Broeck J, Lipkowski AW, Schiller PW, Janssens F, Ceusters M, Sommen F, Meert T, Przewlocka B, Tourwé D, Ballet S. Dual Alleviation of Acute and Neuropathic Pain by Fused Opioid Agonist-Neurokinin 1 Antagonist Peptidomimetics. ACS Med Chem Lett 2015; 6:1209-14. [PMID: 26713106 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis and biological evaluation of dual opioid agonists-neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) antagonists is described. In these multitarget ligands, the two pharmacophores do not overlap, and this allowed maintaining high NK1R affinity and antagonist potency in compounds 12 and 13. Although the fusion of the two ligands resulted in slightly diminished opioid agonism at the μ- and δ-opioid receptors (MOR and DOR, respectively), as compared to the opioid parent peptide, balanced MOR/DOR activities were obtained. Compared to morphine, compounds 12 and 13 produced more potent antinociceptive effects in both acute (tail-flick) and neuropathic pain models (von Frey and cold plate). Similarly to morphine, analgesic tolerance developed after repetitive administration of these compounds. To our delight, compound 12 did not produce cross-tolerance with morphine and high antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects could be reinstated after chronic administration of each of the two compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Betti
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joanna Starnowska
- Institute
of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Mika
- Institute
of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Neuropeptide
Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Frankiewicz
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Novoa
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marta Bochynska
- Neuropeptide
Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Attila Keresztes
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Piotr Kosson
- Neuropeptide
Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wioletta Makuch
- Institute
of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joost Van Duppen
- Animal
Physiology and Neurobiology Department, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nga. N. Chung
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jozef Vanden Broeck
- Animal
Physiology and Neurobiology Department, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrzej W. Lipkowski
- Neuropeptide
Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Peter W. Schiller
- Department
of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Frans Janssens
- Janssen Research & Development, a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Marc Ceusters
- Janssen Research & Development, a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - François Sommen
- Janssen Research & Development, a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Theo Meert
- Janssen Research & Development, a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | | | - Dirk Tourwé
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven Ballet
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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52
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Gretton SK, Droney J. Splice variation of the mu-opioid receptor and its effect on the action of opioids. Br J Pain 2015; 8:133-8. [PMID: 26516547 DOI: 10.1177/2049463714547115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
An individual's response to opioids is influenced by a complex combination of genetic, molecular and phenotypic factors.Intra- and inter-individual variations in response to mu opioids have led to the suggestion that mu-opioid receptor subtypes exist.Scientists have now proven that mu-opioid receptor subtypes exist and that they occur through a mechanism promoting protein diversity, called alternative splicing.The ability of mu opioids to differentially activate splice variants may explain some of the clinical differences observed between mu opioids.This article examines how differential activation of splice variants by mu opioids occurs through alternative mu-opioid receptor binding, through differential receptor activation, and as a result of the distinct distribution of variants located regionally and at the cellular level.
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Convertino M, Samoshkin A, Gauthier J, Gold MS, Maixner W, Dokholyan NV, Diatchenko L. μ-Opioid receptor 6-transmembrane isoform: A potential therapeutic target for new effective opioids. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2015; 62:61-7. [PMID: 25485963 PMCID: PMC4646084 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The μ-opioid receptor (MOR) is the primary target for opioid analgesics. MOR induces analgesia through the inhibition of second messenger pathways and the modulation of ion channels activity. Nevertheless, cellular excitation has also been demonstrated, and proposed to mediate reduction of therapeutic efficacy and opioid-induced hyperalgesia upon prolonged exposure to opioids. In this mini-perspective, we review the recently identified, functional MOR isoform subclass, which consists of six transmembrane helices (6 TM) and may play an important role in MOR signaling. There is evidence that 6 TM MOR signals through very different cellular pathways and may mediate excitatory cellular effects rather than the classic inhibitory effects produced by the stimulation of the major (7 TM) isoform. Therefore, the development of 6 TM and 7 TM MOR selective compounds represents a new and exciting opportunity to better understand the mechanisms of action and the pharmacodynamic properties of a new class of opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marino Convertino
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Department, University of North Carolina, 120 Mason Farm Rd., CB #7260 Genetic Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, 27599
| | - Alexander Samoshkin
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 0G1
| | - Josee Gauthier
- Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina, 385 S. Columbia St., CB #7455, KOHSB, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, 27599
| | - Michael S. Gold
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, USA 15213
| | - William Maixner
- Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina, 385 S. Columbia St., CB #7455, KOHSB, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Nikolay V. Dokholyan
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Department, University of North Carolina, 120 Mason Farm Rd., CB #7260 Genetic Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, 27599.,CORRESPONDING AUTHORS: Dr. Luda Diatchenko, The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 0G1, Phone: +1 514 398-2878, . Dr. William Maixner, Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina, 385 S. Columbia St., CB #7455, KOHSB, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, 27599, Phone: +1 919 537-3289, . Dr. Nikolay V. Dokholyan, Biochemistry and Biophysics Department, University of North Carolina, 120 Mason Farm Rd., CB #7260 Genetic Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, 27599, Phone: +1 919 843-2513.
| | - Luda Diatchenko
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G1, Canada.
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NMR structure and dynamics of the agonist dynorphin peptide bound to the human kappa opioid receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:11852-7. [PMID: 26372966 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1510117112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure of the dynorphin (1-13) peptide (dynorphin) bound to the human kappa opioid receptor (KOR) has been determined by liquid-state NMR spectroscopy. (1)H and (15)N chemical shift variations indicated that free and bound peptide is in fast exchange in solutions containing 1 mM dynorphin and 0.01 mM KOR. Radioligand binding indicated an intermediate-affinity interaction, with a Kd of ∼200 nM. Transferred nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy was used to determine the structure of bound dynorphin. The N-terminal opioid signature, YGGF, was observed to be flexibly disordered, the central part of the peptide from L5 to R9 to form a helical turn, and the C-terminal segment from P10 to K13 to be flexibly disordered in this intermediate-affinity bound state. Combining molecular modeling with NMR provided an initial framework for understanding multistep activation of a G protein-coupled receptor by its cognate peptide ligand.
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Rosa M, Bech-Serra JJ, Canals F, Zajac JM, Talmont F, Arsequell G, Valencia G. Optimized Proteomic Mass Spectrometry Characterization of Recombinant Human μ-Opioid Receptor Functionally Expressed in Pichia pastoris Cell Lines. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:3162-73. [PMID: 26090583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human μ-opioid receptor (hMOR) is a class-A G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), a prime therapeutic target for the management of moderate and severe pain. A chimeric form of the receptor has been cocrystallized with an opioid antagonist and resolved by X-ray diffraction; however, further direct structural analysis is still required to identify the active form of the receptor to facilitate the rational design of hMOR-selective agonist and antagonists with therapeutic potential. Toward this goal and in spite of the intrinsic difficulties posed by the highly hydrophobic transmembrane motives of hMOR, we have comprehensively characterized by mass spectrometry (MS) analysis the primary sequence of the functional hMOR. Recombinant hMOR was overexpressed as a C-terminal c-myc and 6-his tagged protein using an optimized expression procedure in Pichia pastoris cells. After membrane solubilization and metal-affinity chromatography purification, a procedure was devised to enhance the concentration of the receptor. Subsequent combinations of in-solution and in-gel digestions using either trypsin, chymotrypsin, or proteinase K, followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight MS or nanoliquid chromatography coupled with tandem MS analyses afforded an overall sequence coverage of up to >80%, a level of description first attained for an opioid receptor and one of the six such high-coverage MS-based analyses of any GPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mònica Rosa
- †Unit of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Spanish National Research Council (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Josep Bech-Serra
- ‡Proteomics Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, ProteoRed ISCIII, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Canals
- ‡Proteomics Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, ProteoRed ISCIII, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean Marie Zajac
- §Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Franck Talmont
- §Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Gemma Arsequell
- †Unit of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Spanish National Research Council (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gregorio Valencia
- †Unit of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Spanish National Research Council (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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56
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Nadeau SE. Opioids for chronic noncancer pain: To prescribe or not to prescribe-What is the question? Neurology 2015; 85:646-51. [PMID: 26138946 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent American Academy of Neurology position paper by Franklin, "Opioids for chronic noncancer pain," suggests that the benefits of opioid treatment are very likely to be substantially outweighed by the risks and recommends avoidance of doses above 80-120 mg/day morphine equivalent. However, close reading of the primary literature supports a different conclusion: opioids have been shown in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to be highly effective in the treatment of chronic nonmalignant pain; long-term follow-up studies have shown that this effectiveness can be maintained; and effectiveness has been limited in many clinical trials by failure to take into account high variability in dose requirements, failure to adequately treat depression, and use of suboptimal outcome measures. Frequency of side effects in many RCTs has been inflated by overly rapid dose titration and failure to appreciate the high interindividual variability in side effect profiles. The recent marked increase in incidence of opioid overdose is of grave concern, but there is good reason to believe that it has been somewhat exaggerated. Potential causes of overdose include inadequately treated depression; inadequately treated pain, particularly when compounded by hopelessness; inadvertent overdose; concurrent use of alcohol; and insufficient practitioner expertise. Effective treatment of pain can enable large numbers of patients to lead productive lives and improve quality of life. Effective alleviation of suffering associated with pain falls squarely within the physician's professional obligation. Existing scientific studies provide the basis for many improvements in pain management that can increase effectiveness and reduce risk. Many potentially useful areas of further research can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E Nadeau
- From the Research Service, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center and the Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL.
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57
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Yaksh TL, Woller SA, Ramachandran R, Sorkin LS. The search for novel analgesics: targets and mechanisms. F1000PRIME REPORTS 2015; 7:56. [PMID: 26097729 PMCID: PMC4447049 DOI: 10.12703/p7-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The management of the pain state is of great therapeutic relevance to virtually every medical specialty. Failure to manage its expression has deleterious consequence to the well-being of the organism. An understanding of the complex biology of the mechanisms underlying the processing of nociceptive information provides an important pathway towards development of novel and robust therapeutics. Importantly, preclinical models have been of considerable use in determining the linkage between mechanism and the associated behaviorally defined pain state. This review seeks to provide an overview of current thinking targeting pain biology, the use of preclinical models and the development of novel pain therapeutics. Issues pertinent to the strengths and weaknesses of current development strategies for analgesics are considered.
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58
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Krumm BE, Grisshammer R. Peptide ligand recognition by G protein-coupled receptors. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:48. [PMID: 25852552 PMCID: PMC4360564 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The past few years have seen spectacular progress in the structure determination of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). We now have structural representatives from classes A, B, C, and F. Within the rhodopsin-like class A, most structures belong to the α group, whereas fewer GPCR structures are available from the β, γ, and δ groups, which include peptide GPCRs such as the receptors for neurotensin (β group), opioids, chemokines (γ group), and protease-activated receptors (δ group). Structural information on peptide GPCRs is restricted to complexes with non-peptidic drug-like antagonists with the exception of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 that has been crystallized in the presence of a cyclic peptide antagonist. Notably, the neurotensin receptor 1 is to date the only peptide GPCR whose structure has been solved in the presence of a peptide agonist. Although limited in number, the current peptide GPCR structures reveal great diversity in shape and electrostatic properties of the ligand binding pockets, features that play key roles in the discrimination of ligands. Here, we review these aspects of peptide GPCRs in view of possible models for peptide agonist binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Krumm
- Membrane Protein Structure Function Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - National Institutes of Health Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Reinhard Grisshammer
- Membrane Protein Structure Function Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - National Institutes of Health Rockville, MD, USA
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59
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Fenalti G, Zatsepin NA, Betti C, Giguere P, Han GW, Ishchenko A, Liu W, Guillemyn K, Zhang H, James D, Wang D, Weierstall U, Spence JCH, Boutet S, Messerschmidt M, Williams GJ, Gati C, Yefanov OM, White TA, Oberthuer D, Metz M, Yoon CH, Barty A, Chapman HN, Basu S, Coe J, Conrad CE, Fromme R, Fromme P, Tourwé D, Schiller PW, Roth BL, Ballet S, Katritch V, Stevens RC, Cherezov V. Structural basis for bifunctional peptide recognition at human δ-opioid receptor. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2015; 22:265-8. [PMID: 25686086 PMCID: PMC4351130 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bi-functional μ- and δ- opioid receptor (OR) ligands are potential therapeutic alternatives to alkaloid opiate analgesics with diminished side effects. We solved the structure of human δ-OR bound to the bi-functional δ-OR antagonist and μ-OR agonist tetrapeptide H-Dmt(1)-Tic(2)-Phe(3)-Phe(4)-NH2 (DIPP-NH2) by serial femtosecond crystallography, revealing a cis-peptide bond between H-Dmt(1) and Tic(2). The observed receptor-peptide interactions are critical to understand the pharmacological profiles of opioid peptides, and to develop improved analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Fenalti
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nadia A Zatsepin
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Cecilia Betti
- 1] Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. [2] Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Giguere
- 1] National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gye Won Han
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Andrii Ishchenko
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Karel Guillemyn
- 1] Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. [2] Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Daniel James
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Dingjie Wang
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Uwe Weierstall
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - John C H Spence
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Sébastien Boutet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Marc Messerschmidt
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Garth J Williams
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Cornelius Gati
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oleksandr M Yefanov
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas A White
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Oberthuer
- 1] Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany. [2] Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Metz
- 1] Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany. [2] Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Chun Hong Yoon
- 1] Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany. [2] European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility (XFEL GmbH), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anton Barty
- Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henry N Chapman
- 1] Center for Free Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany. [2] Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shibom Basu
- 1] Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA. [2] Center for Applied Structural Discovery at the Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Jesse Coe
- 1] Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA. [2] Center for Applied Structural Discovery at the Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Chelsie E Conrad
- 1] Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA. [2] Center for Applied Structural Discovery at the Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Raimund Fromme
- 1] Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA. [2] Center for Applied Structural Discovery at the Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Petra Fromme
- 1] Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA. [2] Center for Applied Structural Discovery at the Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Dirk Tourwé
- 1] Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. [2] Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter W Schiller
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bryan L Roth
- 1] National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven Ballet
- 1] Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. [2] Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Raymond C Stevens
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Vadim Cherezov
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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Konoura K, Fujii H, Imaide S, Gouda H, Hirayama S, Hirono S, Nagase H. Transformation of naltrexone into mesembrane and investigation of the binding properties of its intermediate derivatives to opioid receptors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:439-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Murphy NP. Dynamic measurement of extracellular opioid activity: status quo, challenges, and significance in rewarded behaviors. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:94-107. [PMID: 25585132 DOI: 10.1021/cn500295q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioid peptides are the endogenous ligands of opioid receptors, which are also the molecular target of naturally occurring and synthetic opiates, such as morphine and heroin. Since their discovery in the 1970s, opioid peptides, which are found widely throughout the central nervous system and the periphery, have been intensely studied because of their involvement in pain and pleasure. Over the years, our understanding of opioid peptides has widened to cover a multitude of functions, including learning and memory, affective state, gastrointestinal transit, feeding, immune function, and metabolism. Unsurprisingly, aberrant opioid activity is implicated in numerous pathologies, including drug addiction, overeating, pain, depression, and obesity. To date, virtually all preclinical and clinical studies aimed at understanding the function of endogenous opioids have relied upon manipulating endogenous opioid fluxes using opioid receptor ligands or genetic manipulations of opioid receptors and endogenous opioids. Difficulties in directly monitoring endogenous opioid fluxes, particularly in the central nervous system, have presented a major obstacle to fully understanding endogenous opioid function. This review summarizes these challenges and offers suggestions for future goals while focusing on the neurobiology of reward, specifically drawing attention to studies that have succeeded in dynamically measuring opioid peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall P. Murphy
- Department of Psychiatry
and Biobehavioral Sciences, Univesity of California, Los Angeles, 2579 MacDonald
Research Laboratories, 675 Charles E. Young Drive
South Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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An Introduction to Pain Pathways and Pain “Targets”. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 131:1-30. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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63
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Guillemyn K, Kleczkowska P, Lesniak A, Dyniewicz J, Van der Poorten O, Van den Eynde I, Keresztes A, Varga E, Lai J, Porreca F, Chung NN, Lemieux C, Mika J, Rojewska E, Makuch W, Van Duppen J, Przewlocka B, Vanden Broeck J, Lipkowski AW, Schiller PW, Tourwé D, Ballet S. Synthesis and biological evaluation of compact, conformationally constrained bifunctional opioid agonist - neurokinin-1 antagonist peptidomimetics. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 92:64-77. [PMID: 25544687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A reported mixed opioid agonist - neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) antagonist 4 (Dmt-D-Arg-Aba-Gly-(3',5'-(CF3)2)NMe-benzyl) was modified to identify important features in both pharmacophores. The new dual ligands were tested in vitro and subsequently two compounds (lead structure 4 and one of the new analogues 22, Dmt-D-Arg-Aba-β-Ala-NMe-Bn) were selected for in vivo behavioural assays, which were conducted in acute (tail-flick) and neuropathic pain models (cold plate and von Frey) in rats. Compared to the parent opioid compound 33 (without NK1R pharmacophore), hybrid 22 was more active in the neuropathic pain models. Attenuation of neuropathic pain emerged from NK1R antagonism as demonstrated by the pure NK1R antagonist 6. Surprisingly, despite a lower in vitro activity at NK1R in comparison with 4, compound 22 was more active in the neuropathic pain models. Although potent analgesic effects were observed for 4 and 22, upon chronic administration, both manifested a tolerance profile similar to that of morphine and cross tolerance with morphine in a neuropathic pain model in rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Guillemyn
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Patrycia Kleczkowska
- Neuropeptide Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, PL 02-106, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Lesniak
- Neuropeptide Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, PL 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Neuropeptide Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, PL 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Olivier Van der Poorten
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Isabelle Van den Eynde
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Attila Keresztes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson AZ, 85724-5050, USA.
| | - Eva Varga
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson AZ, 85724-5050, USA.
| | - Josephine Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson AZ, 85724-5050, USA.
| | - Frank Porreca
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Tucson AZ, 85724-5050, USA.
| | - Nga N Chung
- Department of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute, 110 Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montreal, QC, H2W1R7, Canada.
| | - Carole Lemieux
- Department of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute, 110 Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montreal, QC, H2W1R7, Canada.
| | - Joanna Mika
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Rojewska
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Wioletta Makuch
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Joost Van Duppen
- Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Department, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Barbara Przewlocka
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Jozef Vanden Broeck
- Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Department, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Andrzej W Lipkowski
- Neuropeptide Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, PL 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Peter W Schiller
- Department of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute, 110 Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montreal, QC, H2W1R7, Canada.
| | - Dirk Tourwé
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Steven Ballet
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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3-Methoxynaltrexone is not a selective antagonist for the acute psychomotor stimulating effects of heroin and 6-monoacetylmorphine in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 122:82-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Fudin J, Atkinson TJ. Personalized Oxycodone Dosing: Using Pharmacogenetic Testing and Clinical Pharmacokinetics to Reduce Toxicity Risk and Increase Effectiveness. PAIN MEDICINE 2014; 15:723-5. [DOI: 10.1111/pme.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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66
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Fenalti G, Giguere PM, Katritch V, Huang XP, Thompson AA, Cherezov V, Roth BL, Stevens RC. Molecular control of δ-opioid receptor signalling. Nature 2014; 506:191-6. [PMID: 24413399 DOI: 10.1038/nature12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Opioids represent widely prescribed and abused medications, although their signal transduction mechanisms are not well understood. Here we present the 1.8 Å high-resolution crystal structure of the human δ-opioid receptor (δ-OR), revealing the presence and fundamental role of a sodium ion in mediating allosteric control of receptor functional selectivity and constitutive activity. The distinctive δ-OR sodium ion site architecture is centrally located in a polar interaction network in the seven-transmembrane bundle core, with the sodium ion stabilizing a reduced agonist affinity state, and thereby modulating signal transduction. Site-directed mutagenesis and functional studies reveal that changing the allosteric sodium site residue Asn 131 to an alanine or a valine augments constitutive β-arrestin-mediated signalling. Asp95Ala, Asn310Ala and Asn314Ala mutations transform classical δ-opioid antagonists such as naltrindole into potent β-arrestin-biased agonists. The data establish the molecular basis for allosteric sodium ion control in opioid signalling, revealing that sodium-coordinating residues act as 'efficacy switches' at a prototypic G-protein-coupled receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Fenalti
- 1] Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA [2]
| | - Patrick M Giguere
- 1] National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program and Department of Pharmacology and Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA [2]
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program and Department of Pharmacology and Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Aaron A Thompson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Vadim Cherezov
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program and Department of Pharmacology and Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Raymond C Stevens
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Sponsor's foreword: NIDA at forty. Neuropharmacology 2014; 76 Pt B:195-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Schellekens H, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. Taking two to tango: a role for ghrelin receptor heterodimerization in stress and reward. Front Neurosci 2013; 7:148. [PMID: 24009547 PMCID: PMC3757321 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut hormone, ghrelin, is the only known peripherally derived orexigenic signal. It activates its centrally expressed receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a), to stimulate food intake. The ghrelin signaling system has recently been suggested to play a key role at the interface of homeostatic control of appetite and the hedonic aspects of food intake, as a critical role for ghrelin in dopaminergic mesolimbic circuits involved in reward signaling has emerged. Moreover, enhanced plasma ghrelin levels are associated with conditions of physiological stress, which may underline the drive to eat calorie-dense "comfort-foods" and signifies a role for ghrelin in stress-induced food reward behaviors. These complex and diverse functionalities of the ghrelinergic system are not yet fully elucidated and likely involve crosstalk with additional signaling systems. Interestingly, accumulating data over the last few years has shown the GHS-R1a receptor to dimerize with several additional G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) involved in appetite signaling and reward, including the GHS-R1b receptor, the melanocortin 3 receptor (MC3), dopamine receptors (D1 and D2), and more recently, the serotonin 2C receptor (5-HT2C). GHS-R1a dimerization was shown to affect downstream signaling and receptor trafficking suggesting a potential novel mechanism for fine-tuning GHS-R1a receptor mediated activity. This review summarizes ghrelin's role in food reward and stress and outlines the GHS-R1a dimer pairs identified to date. In addition, the downstream signaling and potential functional consequences of dimerization of the GHS-R1a receptor in appetite and stress-induced food reward behavior are discussed. The existence of multiple GHS-R1a heterodimers has important consequences for future pharmacotherapies as it significantly increases the pharmacological diversity of the GHS-R1a receptor and has the potential to enhance specificity of novel ghrelin-targeted drugs.
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