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Abstract
Stem-cell therapy is a promising method for treating patients with a wide range of diseases and injuries. Increasing government funding of scientific research has promoted rapid developments in stem-cell research in China, as evidenced by the substantial increase in the number and quality of publications in the past 5 years. Multiple high-quality studies have been performed in China that concern cell reprogramming, stem-cell homeostasis, gene modifications, and immunomodulation. The number of translation studies, including basic and preclinical investigations, has also increased. Around 100 stem-cell banks have been established in China, 10 stem-cell drugs are currently in the approval process, and >400 stem cell-based clinical trials are currently registered in China. With continued state funding, advanced biotechnical support, and the development of regulatory standards for the clinical application of stem cells, further innovations are expected that will lead to a boom in stem-cell therapies. This review highlights recent achievements in stem-cell research in China and discusses future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hu
- 1 Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology , Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- 1 Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology , Beijing, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- 1 Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology , Beijing, China.,2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences , Beijing, China
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Wang H, Li D, Zhai Z, Zhang X, Huang W, Chen X, Huang L, Liu H, Sun J, Zou Z, Fan Y, Ke Q, Lai X, Wang T, Li X, Shen H, Xiang AP, Li W. Characterization and Therapeutic Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Neuromesodermal Origin from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:1683-1697. [PMID: 31037131 PMCID: PMC6485183 DOI: 10.7150/thno.30487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) hold great promise in the treatment of various diseases including autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, etc., due to their pleiotropic properties. However, largely incongruent data were obtained from different MSC-based clinical trials, which may be partially due to functional heterogeneity among MSC. Here, we attempt to derive homogeneous mesenchymal stem cells with neuromesodermal origin from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) and evaluate their functional properties. Methods: Growth factors and/or small molecules were used for the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) into neuromesodermal progenitors (NMP), which were then cultured in animal component-free and serum-free induction medium for the derivation and long-term expansion of MSC. The resulted NMP-MSC were detailed characterized by analyzing their surface marker expression, proliferation, migration, multipotency, immunomodulatory activity and global gene expression profile. Moreover, the in vivo therapeutic potential of NMP-MSC was detected in a mouse model of contact hypersensitivity (CHS). Results: We demonstrate that NMP-MSC express posterior HOX genes and exhibit characteristics similar to those of bone marrow MSC (BMSC), and NMP-MSC derived from different hPSC lines show high level of similarity in global gene expression profiles. More importantly, NMP-MSC display much stronger immunomodulatory activity than BMSC in vitro and in vivo, as revealed by decreased inflammatory cell infiltration and diminished production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in inflamed tissue of CHS models. Conclusion: Our results identify NMP as a new source of MSC and suggest that functional and homogeneous NMP-MSC could serve as a candidate for MSC-based therapies.
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53
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Manufacturing of primed mesenchymal stromal cells for therapy. Nat Biomed Eng 2019; 3:90-104. [PMID: 30944433 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-018-0325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for basic research and clinical applications are manufactured and developed as unique cell products by many different manufacturers and laboratories, often under different conditions. The lack of standardization of MSC identity has limited consensus around which MSC properties are relevant for specific outcomes. In this Review, we examine how the choice of media, cell source, culture environment and storage affects the phenotype and clinical utility of MSC-based products, and discuss the techniques better suited to prime MSCs with specific phenotypes of interest and the need for the continued development of standardized assays that provide quality assurance for clinical-grade MSCs. Bioequivalence between cell products and batches must be investigated rather than assumed, so that the diversity of phenotypes between differing MSC products can be accounted for to identify products with the highest therapeutic potential and to preserve their safety in clinical treatments.
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Jiang B, Yan L, Wang X, Li E, Murphy K, Vaccaro K, Li Y, Xu RH. Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Pluripotent Cells, an Unlimited and Quality-Controllable Source for Therapeutic Applications. Stem Cells 2019; 37:572-581. [PMID: 30561809 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite the long discrepancy over their definition, heterogeneity, and functions, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have proved to be a key player in tissue repair and homeostasis. Generally, somatic tissue-derived MSCs (st-MSCs) are subject to quality variations related to donated samples and biosafety concern for transmission of potential pathogens from the donors. In contrast, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are unlimited in supply, clear in the biological background, and convenient for quality control, genetic modification, and scale-up production. We, and others, have shown that hPSCs can differentiate in two dimensions or three dimensions to MSCs (ps-MSCs) via embryonic (mesoderm and neural crest) or extraembryonic (trophoblast) cell types under serum-containing or xeno-free and defined conditions. Compared to st-MSCs, ps-MSCs appear less mature, proliferate faster, express lower levels of inflammatory cytokines, and respond less to traditional protocols for st-MSC differentiation to other cell types, especially adipocytes. Nevertheless, ps-MSCs are capable of immune modulation and treatment of an increasing number of animal disease models via mitochondria transfer, paracrine, exosomes, and direct differentiation, and can be potentially used as a universal and endless therapy for clinical application. This review summarizes the progress on ps-MSCs and discusses perspectives and challenges for their potential translation to the clinic. Stem Cells 2019;37:572-581.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiang
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yan
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Enqin Li
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Kyle Murphy
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Hartford, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kyle Vaccaro
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Hartford, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yingcui Li
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Hartford, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
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55
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Human cardiomyocytes undergo enhanced maturation in embryonic stem cell-derived organoid transplants. Biomaterials 2018; 192:537-550. [PMID: 30529872 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human cardiomyocytes (CM) differentiated from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are relatively immature when generated in two-dimensional (2D) in vitro cultures, which limits their biomedical applications. Here, we devised a strategy to enhance maturation of human CM in vitro by assembly of three-dimensional (3D) cardiac organoids (CO) containing human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac progenitor cells (hESC-CPCs), endothelial cells (ECs), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In contrast to corresponding 2D cultures, 3D CO not only developed into structures containing spontaneously beating CM, but also showed enhanced maturity as indicated by increased expressions of sarcomere and ion channel genes and reduced proliferation. Heterotopic implantation of CO into the peritoneal cavity of immunodeficient mice induced neovascularization, and further stimulated upregulation of genes coding for the contractile apparatus, Ca2+ handling and ion channel proteins. In addition, CM in implanted CO were characterized by a more mature ultrastructure compared to CM implanted without CO support. Functional analysis revealed the presence of working cardiomyocytes in both in vivo and ex ovo chorioallantoic membrane implanted CO. Our results demonstrate that cultivation in 3D CO and subsequent heterotopic implantation enhance maturation of CM towards an adult-like phenotype. We reason that CO-derived CM represent an attractive source for drug discovery and other biomedical applications.
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56
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Spitzhorn LS, Kordes C, Megges M, Sawitza I, Götze S, Reichert D, Schulze-Matz P, Graffmann N, Bohndorf M, Wruck W, Köhler JP, Herebian D, Mayatepek E, Oreffo ROC, Häussinger D, Adjaye J. Transplanted Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Support Liver Regeneration in Gunn Rats. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:1702-1714. [PMID: 30280963 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gunn rats bear a mutation within the uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase-1a1 (Ugt1a1) gene resulting in high serum bilirubin levels as seen in Crigler-Najjar syndrome. In this study, the Gunn rat was used as an animal model for heritable liver dysfunction. Induced mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) derived from embryonic stem cells (H1) and induced pluripotent stem cells were transplanted into Gunn rats after partial hepatectomy. The iMSCs engrafted and survived in the liver for up to 2 months. The transplanted iMSCs differentiated into functional hepatocytes as evidenced by partially suppressed hyperbilirubinemia and expression of multiple human-specific hepatocyte markers such as albumin, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α, UGT1A1, cytokeratin 18, bile salt export pump, multidrug resistance protein 2, Na/taurocholate-cotransporting polypeptide, and α-fetoprotein. These findings imply that transplanted human iMSCs can contribute to liver regeneration in vivo and thus represent a promising tool for the treatment of inherited liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas-Sebastian Spitzhorn
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claus Kordes
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, and Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Megges
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Iris Sawitza
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, and Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Silke Götze
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, and Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Doreen Reichert
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, and Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peggy Schulze-Matz
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Graffmann
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martina Bohndorf
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wasco Wruck
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan Philipp Köhler
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, and Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, and Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - James Adjaye
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Neonatolgy and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Deng R, Law AHY, Shen J, Chan GCF. Mini Review: Application of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Gene and Stem Cells Therapy Era. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-018-0147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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58
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Li E, Zhang Z, Jiang B, Yan L, Park JW, Xu RH. Generation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cells in a Complete Serum-free Condition. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1901-1909. [PMID: 30443193 PMCID: PMC6231213 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.25306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been derived from a variety of tissues, and cultured either in animal serum-containing (SC) or serum-free (SF) media. We have previously derived MSC from human embryonic stem cells via an intermediate trophoblast step (named EMSC), which also have immunosuppressive and therapeutic effects on animal models of autoimmune disease. To promote the clinical application of this new source of MSC, we report here EMSC derived and cultured in a SF medium MesenCult (SF-EMSC) in comparison with a SC medium (SC-EMSC). SF-EMSC derived in MesenCult also expressed typical MSC markers CD73, CD90, and CD105, and manifested multipotency to differentiate to osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. Comparably, CD105+ cells reached 90% about one week slower in the SF than SC conditions, and the proliferation rate was slightly faster for SF-EMSC than SC-EMSC at later passages. Both SF- and SC-EMSC responded similarly to the inflammatory stimulus IFNγ. However, the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 were expressed much less in SF-EMSC than SC-EMSC. Furthermore, knockdown of P16INK4A in both SF- and SC-EMSC reduced replicative senescence. Together, our results suggest that EMSC can be generated in a complete SF condition, and SF-EMSC are largely similar to SC-EMSC. However, it takes longer time to derive EMSC in the SF than SC conditions, and the SF-EMSC proliferate faster at later passages and produce less of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 than SC-EMSC. This study provides important information for production of clinically applicable EMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enqin Li
- Centre of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Zhenwu Zhang
- Centre of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Centre of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Li Yan
- Centre of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jung Woo Park
- Centre of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Centre of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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59
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Slukvin II, Kumar A. The mesenchymoangioblast, mesodermal precursor for mesenchymal and endothelial cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:3507-3520. [PMID: 29992471 PMCID: PMC6328351 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2871-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymoangioblast (MB) is the earliest precursor for endothelial and mesenchymal cells originating from APLNR+PDGFRα+KDR+ mesoderm in human pluripotent stem cell cultures. MBs are identified based on their capacity to form FGF2-dependent compact spheroid colonies in a serum-free semisolid medium. MBs colonies are composed of PDGFRβ+CD271+EMCN+DLK1+CD73- primitive mesenchymal cells which are generated through endothelial/angioblastic intermediates (cores) formed during first 3-4 days of clonogenic cultures. MB-derived primitive mesenchymal cells have potential to differentiate into mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), pericytes, and smooth muscle cells. In this review, we summarize the specification and developmental potential of MBs, emphasize features that distinguish MBs from other mesenchymal progenitors described in the literature and discuss the value of these findings for identifying molecular pathways leading to MSC and vasculogenic cell specification, and developing cellular therapies using MB-derived progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor I Slukvin
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1220 Capitol Ct., Madison, WI, 53715, USA.
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53707, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 1685 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1220 Capitol Ct., Madison, WI, 53715, USA
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60
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La Greca A, Solari C, Furmento V, Lombardi A, Biani MC, Aban C, Moro L, García M, Guberman AS, Sevlever GE, Miriuka SG, Luzzani C. Extracellular vesicles from pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells acquire a stromal modulatory proteomic pattern during differentiation. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-12. [PMID: 30201949 PMCID: PMC6131549 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) obtained from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) constitute an interesting alternative to classical MSCs in regenerative medicine. Among their many mechanisms of action, MSC extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a potential suitable substitute for MSCs in future cell-free-based therapeutic approaches. Unlike cells, EVs do not elicit acute immune rejection, and they can be produced in large quantities and stored until ready to use. Although the therapeutic potential of MSC EVs has already been proven, a thorough characterization of MSC EVs is lacking. In this work, we used a label-free liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry proteomic approach to identify the most abundant proteins in EVs that are secreted from MSCs derived from PSCs (PD-MSCs) and from their parental induced PSCs (iPSCs). Next, we compared both datasets and found that while iPSC EVs enclose proteins that modulate RNA and microRNA stability and protein sorting, PD-MSC EVs are rich in proteins that organize extracellular matrix, regulate locomotion, and influence cell-substrate adhesion. Moreover, compared to their respective cells, iPSCs and iPSC EVs share a greater proportion of proteins, while the PD-MSC proteome appears to be more specific. Correlation and principal component analysis consistently aggregate iPSCs and iPSC EVs but segregate PD-MSC and their EVs. Altogether, these findings suggest that during differentiation, compared with their parental iPSC EVs, PD-MSC EVs acquire a more specific set of proteins; arguably, this difference might confer their therapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro La Greca
- LIAN-CONICET, FLENI, Ruta 9 Km 52,5 - (B1625XAF), Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnolígica (ANPCyT), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Solari
- Laboratorio de Regulación Génica en Células Madre, INQUIBICEN - CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Veronica Furmento
- LIAN-CONICET, FLENI, Ruta 9 Km 52,5 - (B1625XAF), Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Antonella Lombardi
- LIAN-CONICET, FLENI, Ruta 9 Km 52,5 - (B1625XAF), Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnolígica (ANPCyT), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Celeste Biani
- LIAN-CONICET, FLENI, Ruta 9 Km 52,5 - (B1625XAF), Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cyntia Aban
- LIAN-CONICET, FLENI, Ruta 9 Km 52,5 - (B1625XAF), Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucia Moro
- LIAN-CONICET, FLENI, Ruta 9 Km 52,5 - (B1625XAF), Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela García
- Cátedra de Citología, Histología y Embriología A, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Sonia Guberman
- Laboratorio de Regulación Génica en Células Madre, INQUIBICEN - CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Santiago Gabriel Miriuka
- LIAN-CONICET, FLENI, Ruta 9 Km 52,5 - (B1625XAF), Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Luzzani
- LIAN-CONICET, FLENI, Ruta 9 Km 52,5 - (B1625XAF), Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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61
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A fully defined static suspension culture system for large-scale human embryonic stem cell production. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:892. [PMID: 30166524 PMCID: PMC6117302 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) play an important role in regenerative medicine due to their potential to differentiate into various functional cells. However, the conventional adherent culture system poses challenges to mass production of high-quality hESCs. Though scientists have made many attempts to establish a robust and economical hESC suspension culture system, there are existing limitations, including suboptimal passage methods and shear force caused by dynamic stirring. Here, we report on an efficient large-scale culture system, which enables long-term, GMP grade, single-cell inoculation, and serial expansion of hESCs with a yield of about 1.5 × 109 cells per 1.5-L culture, while maintaining good pluripotency. The suspension culture system was enlarged gradually from a 100-mm dish to a 1.8-L culture bag with methylcellulose involvement to avoid sphere fusion. Under the optimal experimental protocol, this 3D system resolves current problems that limit mass production and clinical application of hESCs, and thus can be used in commercial-level hESC production for cell therapy and pharmaceutics screening in the future.
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62
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Current Strategies to Generate Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:6726185. [PMID: 30224922 PMCID: PMC6129345 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6726185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are heterogeneous multipotent stem cells that are involved in the development of mesenchyme-derived evolving structures and organs during ontogeny. In the adult organism, reservoirs of MSCs can be found in almost all tissues where MSCs contribute to the maintenance of organ integrity. The use of these different MSCs for cell-based therapies has been extensively studied over the past years, which highlights the use of MSCs as a promising option for the treatment of various diseases including autoimmune and cardiovascular disorders. However, the proportion of MSCs contained in primary isolates of adult tissue biopsies is rather low and, thus, vigorous ex vivo expansion is needed especially for therapies that may require extensive and repetitive cell substitution. Therefore, more easily and accessible sources of MSCs are needed. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the different strategies to generate human MSCs in vitro as an alternative method for their applications in regenerative therapy.
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63
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Yan L, Jiang B, Niu Y, Wang H, Li E, Yan Y, Sun H, Duan Y, Chang S, Chen G, Ji W, Xu RH, Si W. Intrathecal delivery of human ESC-derived mesenchymal stem cell spheres promotes recovery of a primate multiple sclerosis model. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:28. [PMID: 30131877 PMCID: PMC6102276 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0091-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonhuman primate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a valuable model for multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory demyelinating disease in the central nervous system (CNS). Human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (EMSC) are effective in treating murine EAE. Yet, it remains unknown whether the EMSC efficacy is translatable to humans. Here we induced a primate EAE model in cynomolgus monkeys and delivered EMSC in spheres (EMSCsp) to preserve the cell viability during long-distance transportation. EMSCsp intrathecally injected into the CNS, remarkably reduced the clinical symptoms, brain lesions, and neuronal demyelination in the EAE monkeys during a 3-month observation. Whereas, symptoms in the vehicle control-injected EAE monkey remained and reduced slowly and MRI lesions in brain expanded. Moreover, EMSC could transdifferentiate into neural cells in vivo in the CNS of the treated animals. Supporting evidence demonstrated that EMSCsp cells cultured in cerebrospinal fluid from the EAE monkeys largely converted to neural cells with elevated expression of genes for neuronal markers, neurotrophic factors, and neuronal myelination. Thus, this study demonstrates that EMSCsp injected directly into the CNS, can attenuate the disease progression in the primate EAE model, highly encouraging for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau China
| | - Yuyu Niu
- 2Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Hongxuan Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau China.,3Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Enqin Li
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau China
| | - Yaping Yan
- 2Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Huiyan Sun
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau China.,4Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin China
| | - Yanchao Duan
- 2Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Shaohui Chang
- 2Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Guokai Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau China
| | - Weizhi Ji
- 2Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau China
| | - Wei Si
- 2Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan China
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64
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Yan L, Zheng D, Xu RH. Critical Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Signaling in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1658. [PMID: 30079066 PMCID: PMC6062591 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been broadly used as a therapy for autoimmune disease in both animal models and clinical trials. MSCs inhibit T effector cells and many other immune cells, while activating regulatory T cells, thus reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and repressing inflammation. TNF can modify the MSC effects via two TNF receptors, i.e., TNFR1 in general mediates pro-inflammatory effects and TNFR2 mediates anti-inflammatory effects. In the central nervous system, TNF signaling plays a dual role, which enhances inflammation via TNFR1 on immune cells while providing cytoprotection via TNFR2 on neural cells. In addition, the soluble form of TNFR1 and membrane-bound TNF also participate in the regulation to fine-tune the functions of target cells. Other factors that impact TNF signaling and MSC functions include the gender of the host, disease course, cytokine concentrations, and the length of treatment time. This review will introduce the fascinating progress in this aspect of research and discuss remaining questions and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Dejin Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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65
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MSX2 Initiates and Accelerates Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Specification of hPSCs by Regulating TWIST1 and PRAME. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:497-513. [PMID: 30033084 PMCID: PMC6092836 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gap in knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into the mesenchymal cell lineages hinders the application of hPSCs for cell-based therapy. In this study, we identified a critical role of muscle segment homeobox 2 (MSX2) in initiating and accelerating the molecular program that leads to mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) differentiation from hPSCs. Genetic deletion of MSX2 impairs hPSC differentiation into MSCs. When aided with a cocktail of soluble molecules, MSX2 ectopic expression induces hPSCs to form nearly homogeneous and fully functional MSCs. Mechanistically, MSX2 induces hPSCs to form neural crest cells, an intermediate cell stage preceding MSCs, and further differentiation by regulating TWIST1 and PRAME. Furthermore, we found that MSX2 is also required for hPSC differentiation into MSCs through mesendoderm and trophoblast. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into lineage specification of hPSCs to MSCs and effective strategies for applications of stem cells for regenerative medicine.
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66
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Neal EG, Liska MG, Lippert T, Lin R, Gonzalez M, Russo E, Xu K, Ji X, Vale FL, Van Loveren H, Borlongan CV. An update on intracerebral stem cell grafts. Expert Rev Neurother 2018; 18:557-572. [PMID: 29961357 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2018.1491309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary neurological disorders are notoriously debilitating and deadly, and over the past four decades stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising treatment. Translation of stem cell therapies from the bench to the clinic requires a better understanding of delivery protocols, safety profile, and efficacy in each disease. Areas covered: In this review, benefits and risks of intracerebral stem cell transplantation are presented for consideration. Milestone discoveries in stem cell applications are reviewed to examine the efficacy and safety of intracerebral stem cell transplant therapy for disorders of the central nervous system and inform design of translatable protocols for clinically feasible stem cell-based treatments. Expert commentary: Intracerebral administration, compared to peripheral delivery, is more invasive and carries the risk of open brain surgery. However, direct cell implantation bypasses the blood-brain barrier and reduces the first-pass effect, effectively increasing the therapeutic cell deposition at its intended site of action. These benefits must be weighed with the risk of graft-versus-host immune response. Rigorous clinical trials are underway to assess the safety and efficacy of intracerebral transplants, and if successful will lead to widely available stem cell therapies for neurologic diseases in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot G Neal
- a Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair , Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, USF Morsani College of Medicine , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - M Grant Liska
- a Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair , Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, USF Morsani College of Medicine , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Trenton Lippert
- a Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair , Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, USF Morsani College of Medicine , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Roger Lin
- a Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair , Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, USF Morsani College of Medicine , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Melissa Gonzalez
- a Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair , Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, USF Morsani College of Medicine , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Eleonora Russo
- a Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair , Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, USF Morsani College of Medicine , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Kaya Xu
- a Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair , Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, USF Morsani College of Medicine , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Xunming Ji
- b Department of Neurosurgery , Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
| | - Fernando L Vale
- c USF Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Harry Van Loveren
- c USF Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- a Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair , Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, USF Morsani College of Medicine , Tampa , FL , USA
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67
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Stem Cells as Potential Targets of Polyphenols in Multiple Sclerosis and Alzheimer's Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:1483791. [PMID: 30112360 PMCID: PMC6077677 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1483791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and multiple sclerosis are major neurodegenerative diseases, which are characterized by the accumulation of abnormal pathogenic proteins due to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired autophagy, and pathogens, leading to neurodegeneration and behavioral deficits. Herein, we reviewed the utility of plant polyphenols in regulating proliferation and differentiation of stem cells for inducing brain self-repair in AD and multiple sclerosis. Firstly, we discussed the genetic, physiological, and environmental factors involved in the pathophysiology of both the disorders. Next, we reviewed various stem cell therapies available and how they have proved useful in animal models of AD and multiple sclerosis. Lastly, we discussed how polyphenols utilize the potential of stem cells, either complementing their therapeutic effects or stimulating endogenous and exogenous neurogenesis, against these diseases. We suggest that polyphenols could be a potential candidate for stem cell therapy against neurodegenerative disorders.
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68
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TGF- β Inhibitor SB431542 Promotes the Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Embryonic Stem Cells into Mesenchymal-Like Cells. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:7878201. [PMID: 30057627 PMCID: PMC6051046 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7878201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their potential for tissue engineering applications and ability to modulate the immune system and reduce inflammation, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been explored as a promising option for the treatment of chronic diseases and injuries. However, there are problems associated with the use of this type of cell that limit their applications. Several studies have been exploring the possibility to produce mesenchymal stem cells from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). The aim of these studies is to generate MSCs with advantageous characteristics of both PSCs and MSCs. However, there are still some questions concerning the characteristics of MSCs derived from the differentiation of PSCs that must be answered before they can be used to treat diseases and injuries. The objective of this study was, therefore, to determine if PSCs exposed to SB431542, a TGF-β inhibitor, are able to differentiate to MSCs, judging by morphology, expression of mesenchymal and pluripotent stem cell markers, expression of pluripotency-related genes, and ability to differentiate to osteocytes and adipocytes. The results obtained demonstrated that it is possible to induce the differentiation of both embryonic stem cells and induce pluripotent stem cells into cells with characteristics that highly resemble those from MSCs through the inhibition of the TGF-β pathway.
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69
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Yan L, Jiang B, Li E, Wang X, Ling Q, Zheng D, Park JW, Chen X, Cheung E, Du X, Li Y, Cheng G, He E, Xu RH. Scalable Generation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cells in 3D. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1196-1210. [PMID: 30123069 PMCID: PMC6097489 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.25023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cell (hESC) derived mesenchymal stem cells (EMSC) are efficacious in treating a series of autoimmune, inflammatory, and degenerative diseases in animal models. However, all the EMSC derivation methods reported so far rely on two-dimensional (2D) culture systems, which are inefficient, costive and difficult for large-scale production. HESC, as an unlimited source, can be successively propagated in spheroids. Here, we demonstrate that hESC spheroids can directly differentiate into MSC spheroids (EMSCSp) within 20 days in one vessel without passaging and the system is scalable to any desired size. EMSCSp can further differentiate into osteocytes and chondrocytes in spheres or demineralized bone matrix. EMSCSp also retains immune-modulatory effects in vitro and therapeutic effects on two mouse models of colitis after dissociation. Compared to EMSC differentiated in monolayer, EMSCSp-derived cells have faster proliferation and higher yield and develop less apoptosis and slower senescence. Thus, the 3D differentiation system allows simple, cost-effective, and scalable production of high-quality EMSC and subsequently bone and cartilage tissues for therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Enqin Li
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Qinjie Ling
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dejin Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jung Woo Park
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Edwin Cheung
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingcui Li
- Department of Biology, University of Hartford, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gregory Cheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Erxing He
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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70
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Metcalfe SM, Bickerton S, Fahmy T. Neurodegenerative Disease: A Perspective on Cell-Based Therapy in the New Era of Cell-Free Nano-Therapy. Curr Pharm Des 2018; 23:776-783. [PMID: 27924726 DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666161206141744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) result in irreversible loss of neurons. Dementia develops when disease-induced neuronal loss becomes sufficient to impair both memory and cognitive functioning and, globally, dementia is increasing to epidemic proportions as populations age. In the current era of regenerative medicine intense activity is asking, can loss of endogenous neurons be compensated by replacement with exogenously derived cells that have either direct, or indirect, neurogenic capacity? But, more recently, excitement is growing around an emerging alternative to the cell-based approach - here nanotechnology for targeted delivery of growth factor aims to support and expand resident central nervous system (CNS) stem cells for endogenous repair. The concept of a high volume, off-the-shelf nano-therapeutic able to rejuvenate the endogenous neuroglia of the CNS is highly attractive, providing a simple solution to the complex challenges posed by cell-based regenerative medicine. The role of inflammation as an underlying driver of NDD is also considered where anti-inflammatory approaches are candidates for therapy. Indeed, cell-based therapy and/or nanotherapy may protect against inflammation to support both immune quiescence and neuronal survival in the CNS - key targets for treating NDD with the potential to reduce or even stop the cascading pathogenesis and disease progression, possibly promoting some repair where disease is treated early. By design, nanoparticles can be formulated to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) enabling sustained delivery of neuro-protective agents for sufficient duration to reset neuro-immune homeostasis. Proven safe and efficacious, it is now urgent to deliver nano-medicine (NanoMed) as a scalable approach to treat NDD, where key stakeholders are the patients and the global economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su M Metcalfe
- Cambridge University Hospitals Trust Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sean Bickerton
- Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science and Yale School of Medicine, 55 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States
| | - Tarek Fahmy
- Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science and Yale School of Medicine, 55 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States
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71
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Mardpour S, Hassani S, Mardpour S, Sayahpour F, Vosough M, Ai J, Aghdami N, Hamidieh AA, Baharvand H. Extracellular vesicles derived from human embryonic stem cell‐MSCs ameliorate cirrhosis in thioacetamide‐induced chronic liver injury. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9330-9344. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soura Mardpour
- Tissue engineering and Applied Cell Sciences DepartmentSchool of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental BiologyCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Seyedeh‐Nafiseh Hassani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental BiologyCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | | | - Forough Sayahpour
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental BiologyCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental BiologyCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Tissue engineering and Applied Cell Sciences DepartmentSchool of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Nasser Aghdami
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental BiologyCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
| | - Amir Ali Hamidieh
- Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant DepartmentChildren's Medical CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental BiologyCell Science Research CenterRoyan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECRTehranIran
- Department of Developmental BiologyUniversity of Science and CultureTehranIran
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72
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakher Rahim
- Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences; Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center; Golestan Avenue Ahvaz Khuzestan Iran 61537-15794
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center; Keshavarz Bulvar Tehran Iran
| | - Roshanak Tirdad
- Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences; Department of Molecular Medicine and Molecular Epidemiology; Golestan Ahvaz Khuzestan Iran 61537-15794
| | - Amal Saki Malehi
- Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health; Golestan Ahvaz Khuzestan Iran 61537-15794
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73
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Tian KW, Zhang YY, Jiang H, Han S. Intravenous C16 and angiopoietin-1 improve the efficacy of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy for EAE. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4649. [PMID: 29545630 PMCID: PMC5854598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22867-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The placenta has emerged as an attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) because of the absence of ethical issues, non-invasive access, and abundant yield. However, inflammatory cell invasion into grafts negatively impacts the survival and efficacy of transplanted cells. Previous studies have shown that synthetic C16 peptide can competitively block the transmigration of leukocytes into the central nerve system, while angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) can inhibit inflammation-induced blood vessel leakage and inflammatory cell infiltration in rats with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). In this study, we investigated the effects of intravenous administration of C16 and Ang-1 on the efficacy of placenta-derived MSC (PMSC) transplantation in a rat model of EAE. We found that, compared with PMSCs alone, treatment with PMSCs along with intravenously administered C16 and Ang-1 was more effective at ameliorating demyelination/neuronal loss and neurological dysfunction, reducing inflammatory cell infiltration, perivascular edema, and reactive astrogliosis (p < 0.05). Mechanistic studies revealed that intravenous C16 and Ang-1 increased PMSC engraftment in the central nervous system and promoted expression of the neurotropic proteins brain-derived neurotrophic factor, growth-associated protein 43, and p75 neurotrophin receptor as well as the neuronal-glial lineage markers neurofilament protein 200 and myelin basic protein in the engrafted PMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Wei Tian
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Electrophysiology, SirRunRunShaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shu Han
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
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74
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Potential of iPSC-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Treating Periodontal Disease. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:2601945. [PMID: 29731776 PMCID: PMC5872653 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2601945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cell-like populations have been derived from mouse-induced pluripotent stem cells (miPSC-MSC) with the capability for tissue regeneration. In this study, murine iPSC underwent differentiation towards an MSC-like immunophenotype. Stable miPSC-MSC cultures expressed the MSC-associated markers, CD73, CD105, and Sca-1, but lacked expression of the pluripotency marker, SSEA1, and hematopoietic markers, CD34 and CD45. Functionally, miPSC-MSC exhibited the potential for trilineage differentiation into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes and the capacity to suppress the proliferation of mitogen-activated splenocytes. The efficacy of miPSC-MSC was assessed in an acute inflammation model following systemic or local delivery into mice with subcutaneous implants containing heat-inactivated P. gingivalis. Histological analysis revealed less inflammatory cellular infiltrate within the sponges in mice treated with miPSC-MSC cells delivered locally rather than systemically. Assessment of proinflammatory cytokines in mouse spleens found that CXCL1 transcripts and protein were reduced in mice treated with miPSC-MSC. In a periodontitis model, mice subjected to oral inoculation with P. gingivalis revealed less bone tissue destruction and inflammation within the jaws when treated with miPSC-MSC compared to PBS alone. Our results demonstrated that miPSC-MSC derived from iPSC have the capacity to control acute and chronic inflammatory responses associated with the destruction of periodontal tissue. Therefore, miPSC-MSC present a promising novel source of stromal cells which could be used in the treatment of periodontal disease and other inflammatory systemic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
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75
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Wilson JJ, Foyle KL, Foeng J, Norton T, McKenzie DR, Payne N, Bernard CC, McColl SR, Comerford I. Redirecting adult mesenchymal stromal cells to the brain: a new approach for treating CNS autoimmunity and neuroinflammation? Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 96:347-357. [PMID: 29377354 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells or stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to participate in tissue repair and are immunomodulatory in neuropathological settings. Given this, their potential use in developing a new generation of personalized therapies for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) will be explored. To effectively exert these effector functions, MSCs must first gain entry into damaged neural tissues, a process that has been demonstrated to be a limiting factor in their therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we discuss approaches to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs by altering their intrinsic trafficking programs to effectively enter neuropathological sites. To this end, we explore the significant role of chemokine receptors and adhesion molecules in directing cellular traffic to the inflamed CNS and the capacity of MSCs to adopt these molecular mechanisms to gain entry to this site. We postulate that understanding and exploiting these migratory mechanisms may be key to the development of cell-based therapies tailored to respond to the migratory cues unique to the nature and stage of progression of individual CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine J Wilson
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Kerrie L Foyle
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Jade Foeng
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Todd Norton
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Duncan R McKenzie
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Natalie Payne
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Group, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Claude C Bernard
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Group, Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Shaun R McColl
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Iain Comerford
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
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76
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Hawkins KE, Corcelli M, Dowding K, Ranzoni AM, Vlahova F, Hau KL, Hunjan A, Peebles D, Gressens P, Hagberg H, de Coppi P, Hristova M, Guillot PV. Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) Have a Superior Neuroprotective Capacity Over Fetal MSCs in the Hypoxic-Ischemic Mouse Brain. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 7:439-449. [PMID: 29489062 PMCID: PMC5905231 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have huge potential for regenerative medicine. In particular, the use of pluripotent stem cell‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (PSC‐MSCs) overcomes the hurdle of replicative senescence associated with the in vitro expansion of primary cells and has increased therapeutic benefits in comparison to the use of various adult sources of MSCs in a wide range of animal disease models. On the other hand, fetal MSCs exhibit faster growth kinetics and possess longer telomeres and a wider differentiation potential than adult MSCs. Here, for the first time, we compare the therapeutic potential of PSC‐MSCs (ES‐MSCs from embryonic stem cells) to fetal MSCs (AF‐MSCs from the amniotic fluid), demonstrating that ES‐MSCs have a superior neuroprotective potential over AF‐MSCs in the mouse brain following hypoxia‐ischemia. Further, we demonstrate that nuclear factor (NF)‐κB‐stimulated interleukin (IL)‐13 production contributes to an increased in vitro anti‐inflammatory potential of ES‐MSC‐conditioned medium (CM) over AF‐MSC‐CM, thus suggesting a potential mechanism for this observation. Moreover, we show that induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived MSCs (iMSCs) exhibit many similarities to ES‐MSCs, including enhanced NF‐κB signaling and IL‐13 production in comparison to AF‐MSCs. Future studies should assess whether iMSCs also exhibit similar neuroprotective potential to ES‐MSCs, thus presenting a potential strategy to overcome the ethical issues associated with the use of embryonic stem cells and providing a potential source of cells for autologous use against neonatal hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy in humans. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2018;7:439–449
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate E Hawkins
- Maternal and Fetal Medicine Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michelangelo Corcelli
- Maternal and Fetal Medicine Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Dowding
- Maternal and Fetal Medicine Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna M Ranzoni
- Maternal and Fetal Medicine Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Filipa Vlahova
- Maternal and Fetal Medicine Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kwan-Leong Hau
- Maternal and Fetal Medicine Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Avina Hunjan
- Maternal and Fetal Medicine Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Donald Peebles
- Maternal and Fetal Medicine Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre Gressens
- Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henrik Hagberg
- Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo de Coppi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Institute for Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mariya Hristova
- Maternal and Fetal Medicine Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pascale V Guillot
- Maternal and Fetal Medicine Department, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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77
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Shroff G. A review on stem cell therapy for multiple sclerosis: special focus on human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells Cloning 2018; 11:1-11. [PMID: 29483778 PMCID: PMC5813951 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s135415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS), a complex disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), is characterized with axonal loss underlying long-term progressive disability. Currently available therapies for its management are able to slow down the progression but fail to treat it completely. Moreover, these therapies are associated with major CNS and cardiovascular adverse events, and prolonged use of these treatments may cause life-threatening diseases. Recent research has shown that cellular therapies hold a potential for CNS repair and may be able to provide protection from inflammatory damage caused after injury. Human embryonic stem cell (hESC) transplantation is one of the promising cell therapies; hESCs play an important role in remyelination and help in preventing demylenation of the axons. In this study, an overview of the current knowledge about the unique properties of hESC and their comparison with other cell therapies has been presented for the treatment of patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Shroff
- Department of Stem Cell Therapy, Nutech Mediworld, New Delhi, India
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78
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Wang LT, Jiang SS, Ting CH, Hsu PJ, Chang CC, Sytwu HK, Liu KJ, Yen BL. Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Results in Downregulation of c-Myc and DNA Replication Pathways with Immunomodulation Toward CD4 and CD8 Cells. Stem Cells 2018; 36:903-914. [PMID: 29396902 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multilineage tissue-source mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess strong immunomodulatory properties and are excellent therapeutic agents, but require constant isolation from donors to combat replicative senescence. The differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into MSCs offers a renewable source of MSCs; however, reports on their immunomodulatory capacity have been discrepant. Using MSCs differentiated from iPSCs reprogrammed using diverse cell types and protocols, and in comparison to human embryonic stem cell (ESC)-MSCs and bone marrow (BM)-MSCs, we performed transcriptome analyses and assessed for functional immunomodulatory properties. Differentiation of MSCs from iPSCs results in decreased c-Myc expression and its downstream pathway along with a concomitant downregulation in the DNA replication pathway. All four lines of iPSC-MSCs can significantly suppress in vitro activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation to a similar degree as ESC-MSCs and BM-MSCs, and modulate CD4 T lymphocyte fate from a type 1 helper T cell (Th1) and IL-17A-expressing (Th17) cell fate to a regulatory T cell (Treg) phenotype. Moreover, iPSC-MSCs significantly suppress cytotoxic CD8 T proliferation, activation, and differentiation into type 1 cytotoxic T (Tc1) and IL-17-expressing CD8 T (Tc17) cells. Coculture of activated PBMCs with human iPSC-MSCs results in an overall shift of secreted cytokine profile from a pro-inflammatory environment to a more immunotolerant milieu. iPSC-MSC immunomodulation was also validated in vivo in a mouse model of induced inflammation. These findings support that iPSC-MSCs possess low oncogenicity and strong immunomodulatory properties regardless of cell-of-origin or reprogramming method and are good potential candidates for therapeutic use. Stem Cells 2018;36:903-914.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Tzu Wang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Sheng Jiang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, NHRI, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chiao-Hsuan Ting
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Pei-Ju Hsu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Chi Chang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Huey-Kang Sytwu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, NDMC, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ko-Jiunn Liu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, NHRI, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - B Linju Yen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular & System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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79
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Fu X, Jiang B, Zheng B, Yan Y, Wang J, Duan Y, Li S, Yan L, Wang H, Chen B, Sang X, Ji W, Xu RH, Si W. Heterogenic transplantation of bone marrow-derived rhesus macaque mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in mouse. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4336. [PMID: 29456886 PMCID: PMC5813592 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a disease that causes high morbidity and has become a major health problem. Liver fibrosis can lead to the end stage of liver diseases (livercirrhosisand hepatocellularcarcinoma). Currently, liver transplantation is the only effective treatment for end-stage liver disease. However, the shortage of organ donors, high cost of medical surgery, immunological rejection and transplantation complications severely hamper liver transplantation therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been regarded as promising cells for clinical applications in stem cell therapy in the treatment of liver diseases due to their unique multipotent differentiation capacity, immunoregulation and paracrine effects. Although liver fibrosis improvements by MSC transplantation in preclinical experiments as well as clinical trials have been reported, the in vivo fate of MSCs after transportation and their therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. In this present study, we isolated MSCs from the bone marrow of rhesus macaques. The cells exhibited typical MSC markers and could differentiate into chondrocytes, osteocytes, and adipocytes, which were not affected by labeling with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). The harvested MSCs respond to interferon-γ stimulation and have the ability to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. EGFP-labeled MSCs (1 × 106 cells) were transplanted into mice with carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis via tail vein injection. The ability of the heterogenic MSC infusion to ameliorate liver fibrosis in mice was evaluated by a blood plasma chemistry index, pathological examination and liver fibrosis-associated gene expression. Additionally, a small number of MSCs that homed and engrafted in the mouse liver tissues were evaluated by immunofluorescence analysis. Our results showed that the transplantation of heterogenic MSCs derived from monkey bone marrow can be used to treat liver fibrosis in the mouse model and that the paracrine effects of MSCs may play an important role in the improvement of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Fu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Bingrong Zheng
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yaping Yan
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Department of Hepatic and Bile Duct Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanchao Duan
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li Yan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Hong Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bingbing Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiongbo Sang
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Weizhi Ji
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Yunnan Provincial Academy of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Wei Si
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Yunnan Provincial Academy of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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80
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Marzban M, Mousavizadeh K, Bakhshayesh M, Vousooghi N, Vakilzadeh G, Torkaman-Boutorabi A. Effect of Multiple Intraperitoneal Injections of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Cuprizone Model of Multiple Sclerosis. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2018; 22:312-21. [PMID: 29409311 PMCID: PMC6058183 DOI: 10.29252/ibj.22.5.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) elicit neuroprotective effects, and their repair ability has been investigated in different experimental models. We aimed to investigate the effect of multiple i.p. BM-MSCs injections in the cuprizone model of multiple sclerosis in mice. Methods: Adult male C57BL/6 mice (n = 40) were fed a regular diet or a diet containing cuprizone (0.2% w/w) for six weeks. Bone marrow samples were taken from patients with spinal cord injury. BM-MSCs (2 × 106 in 1 milliliter medium) were administered intraperitoneally for two consecutive weeks at the end of the forth weeks of cuprizone administration. Animals (n = 12) were perfused with 10% paraformaldehyde at the end of sixth week. The brains were sectioned coronally in 6-8-μm thickness (-2.3 to 1.8 mm from bregma). The sections were stained by luxol fast blue-cresyl violet, and images were captured via a microscope. Demyelination ratio was estimated in corpus callosum in a blind manner. A quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the myelin basic protein gene expression at sixth week. Results: Histologically, cuprizone induced demyelination in the corpus callosum. Demyelinated area was diminished in the corpus callosum of cell-administered group. Cuprizone could decrease myelin-binding protein mRNAs expression in corpus callosum, which was significantly recovered after BM-MSCs injections. Conclusion: Our data indicated a remyelination potency of multiple i.p. BM-MSCs in the cuprizone model of multiple sclerosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Marzban
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Mousavizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Bakhshayesh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Vousooghi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gelareh Vakilzadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anahita Torkaman-Boutorabi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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81
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Roux C, Saviane G, Pini J, Belaïd N, Dhib G, Voha C, Ibáñez L, Boutin A, Mazure NM, Wakkach A, Blin-Wakkach C, Rouleau M. Immunosuppressive Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Induce Human Regulatory T Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Front Immunol 2018; 8:1991. [PMID: 29422893 PMCID: PMC5788894 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are considered as a promising source of cells to modulate immune functions on cells from innate and adaptive immune systems, their clinical use remains restricted (few number, limited in vitro expansion, absence of a full phenotypic characterization, few insights on their in vivo fate). Standardized MSCs derived in vitro from human-induced pluripotent stem (huIPS) cells, remediating part of these issues, are considered as well as a valuable tool for therapeutic approaches, but their functions remained to be fully characterized. We generated multipotent MSCs derived from huiPS cells (huiPS-MSCs), and focusing on their immunosuppressive activity, we showed that human T-cell activation in coculture with huiPS-MSCs was significantly reduced. We also observed the generation of functional CD4+ FoxP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells. Further tested in vivo in a model of human T-cell expansion in immune-deficient NSG mice, huiPS-MSCs immunosuppressive activity prevented the circulation and the accumulation of activated human T cells. Intracytoplasmic labeling of cytokines produced by the recovered T cells showed reduced percentages of human-differentiated T cells producing Th1 inflammatory cytokines. By contrast, T cells producing IL-10 and FoxP3+-Treg cells, absent in non-treated animals, were detected in huiPS-MSCs treated mice. For the first time, these results highlight the immunosuppressive activity of the huiPS-MSCs on human T-cell stimulation with a concomitant generation of human Treg cells in vivo. They may favor the development of new tools and strategies based on the use of huiPS cells and their derivatives for the induction of immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Roux
- LP2M, CNRS-UMR 7370, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.,Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.,Service d'Hématologie Clinique, CHU de Nice, Hôpital de l'Archet, Nice, France
| | - Gaëlle Saviane
- LP2M, CNRS-UMR 7370, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.,Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Jonathan Pini
- LP2M, CNRS-UMR 7370, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.,Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Nourhène Belaïd
- LP2M, CNRS-UMR 7370, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.,Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Gihen Dhib
- LP2M, CNRS-UMR 7370, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.,Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Christine Voha
- LP2M, CNRS-UMR 7370, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.,Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.,Pôle d'Odontologie, CHU de Nice, Hôpital Saint-Roch, Nice, France
| | - Lidia Ibáñez
- LP2M, CNRS-UMR 7370, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.,Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Antoine Boutin
- LP2M, CNRS-UMR 7370, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.,Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Nathalie M Mazure
- Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.,Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-INSERM U108, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Abdelilah Wakkach
- LP2M, CNRS-UMR 7370, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.,Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Claudine Blin-Wakkach
- LP2M, CNRS-UMR 7370, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.,Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Matthieu Rouleau
- LP2M, CNRS-UMR 7370, Faculty of Medicine, Nice, France.,Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
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82
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Mohammadi Ghahhari N, Maghsood F, Jahandideh S, Lotfinia M, Lak S, Johari B, Azarnezhad A, Kadivar M. Secretome of Aggregated Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Modulates the Release of
Inflammatory Factors in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2017; 22:237-45. [PMID: 29132205 PMCID: PMC5949126 DOI: 10.22034/ibj.22.4.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have emerged as a potential therapy for various inflammatory diseases. Because of some limitations, several recent studies have suggested the use of embryonic stem cell-derived MSCs (ESC-MSCs) as an alternative for BM-MSCs. Some of the therapeutic effects of the ESC-MSCs are related to the secretion of a broad array of cytokines and growth factors, known as secretome. Harnessing this secretome for therapeutic applications requires the optimization of production of secretary molecules. It has been shown that aggregation of MSCs into 3D spheroids, as a preconditioning strategy, can enhance immunomodulatory potential of such cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of secretome derived from human ESC-MSCs (hESC-MSCs) spheroids on secretion of IL-1β, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods: In the present study, after immunophenotyping and considering mesodermal differentiation of hESC-MSCs, the cells were non-adherently grown to prepare 3D aggregates, and then conditioned medium or secretome was extracted from the cultures. Afterwards, the anti-inflammatory effects of the secretome were assessed in an in vitro model of inflammation. Results: Results from this study showed that aggregate-prepared secretome from hESC-MSCs was able to significantly decrease the secretion of TNF-α (301.7 ± 5.906, p < 0.0001) and IL-1β (485.2 ± 48.38, p < 0.001) from LPS-induced PBMCs as the indicators of inflammation, in comparison with adherent culture-prepared secretome (TNF-α: 166.6 ± 8.04, IL-1β: 125.2 ± 2.73). Conclusion: Our study indicated that cell aggregation can be an appropriate strategy to increase immunomodulatory characteristics of hESC-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faezeh Maghsood
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Jahandideh
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Lotfinia
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Lak
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrooz Johari
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asaad Azarnezhad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mehdi Kadivar
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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83
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Luzzani CD, Miriuka SG. Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Robust Source of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 13:68-78. [PMID: 27815690 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9695-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been extensively studied over the past years for the treatment of different diseases. Most of the ongoing clinical trials currently involve the use of MSC derived from adult tissues. This source may have some limitations, particularly with therapies that may require extensive and repetitive cell dosage. However, nowadays, there is a staggering growth in literature on a new source of MSC. There is now increasing evidence about the mesenchymal differentiation from pluripotent stem cell (PSC). Here, we summarize the current knowledge of pluripotent-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSC). We present a historical perspective on the subject, and then discuss some critical questions that remain unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos D Luzzani
- LIAN-CONICET - FLENI, Ruta 9 Km 52, 5 - (B1625XAF) Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Santiago G Miriuka
- LIAN-CONICET - FLENI, Ruta 9 Km 52, 5 - (B1625XAF) Belén de Escobar, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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84
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Jadasz JJ, Tepe L, Beyer F, Samper Agrelo I, Akkermann R, Spitzhorn LS, Silva ME, Oreffo ROC, Hartung HP, Prigione A, Rivera FJ, Adjaye J, Küry P. Human mesenchymal factors induce rat hippocampal- and human neural stem cell dependent oligodendrogenesis. Glia 2017; 66:145-160. [PMID: 28940767 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The generation of new oligodendrocytes is essential for adult brain repair in diseases such as multiple sclerosis. We previously identified the multifunctional p57kip2 protein as a negative regulator of myelinating glial cell differentiation and as an intrinsic switch of glial fate decision in adult neural stem cells (aNSCs). In oligodendroglial precursor cells (OPCs), p57kip2 protein nuclear exclusion was recently found to be rate limiting for differentiation to proceed. Furthermore, stimulation with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived factors enhanced oligodendrogenesis by yet unknown mechanisms. To elucidate this instructive interaction, we investigated to what degree MSC secreted factors are species dependent, whether hippocampal aNSCs respond equally well to such stimuli, whether apart from oligodendroglial differentiation also tissue integration and axonal wrapping can be promoted and whether the oligodendrogenic effect involved subcellular translocation of p57kip2. We found that CC1 positive oligodendrocytes within the hilus express nuclear p57kip2 protein and that MSC dependent stimulation of cultured hippocampal aNSCs was not accompanied by nuclear p57kip2 exclusion as observed for parenchymal OPCs after spontaneous differentiation. Stimulation with human MSC factors was observed to equally promote rat stem cell oligodendrogenesis, axonal wrapping and tissue integration. As forced nuclear shuttling of p57kip2 led to decreased CNPase- but elevated GFAP expression levels, this indicates heterogenic oligodendroglial mechanisms occurring between OPCs and aNSCs. We also show for the first time that dominant pro-oligodendroglial factors derived from human fetal MSCs can instruct human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived NSCs to differentiate into O4 positive oligodendrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz J Jadasz
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Lena Tepe
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Felix Beyer
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Iria Samper Agrelo
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Rainer Akkermann
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Lucas-Sebastian Spitzhorn
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Maria Elena Silva
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | | | - Francisco J Rivera
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine & Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - James Adjaye
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Patrick Küry
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
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85
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Rossato C, Brandão WN, Castro SB, de Almeida DC, Maranduba CM, Camara NO, Peron JP, Silva FS. Stem cells from human-exfoliated deciduous teeth reduce tissue-infiltrating inflammatory cells improving clinical signs in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Biologicals 2017; 49:62-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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86
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Exosomes from embryonic mesenchymal stem cells alleviate osteoarthritis through balancing synthesis and degradation of cartilage extracellular matrix. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:189. [PMID: 28807034 PMCID: PMC5556343 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0632-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for osteoarthritis (OA) has been widely investigated, but the mechanisms are still unclear. Exosomes that serve as carriers of genetic information have been implicated in many diseases and are known to participate in many physiological processes. Here, we investigate the therapeutic potential of exosomes from human embryonic stem cell-induced mesenchymal stem cells (ESC-MSCs) in alleviating osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Exosomes were harvested from conditioned culture media of ESC-MSCs by a sequential centrifugation process. Primary mouse chondrocytes treated with interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) were used as an in vitro model to evaluate the effects of the conditioned medium with or without exosomes and titrated doses of isolated exosomes for 48 hours, prior to immunocytochemistry or western blot analysis. Destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery was performed on the knee joints of C57BL/6 J mice as an OA model. This was followed by intra-articular injection of either ESC-MSCs or their exosomes. Cartilage destruction and matrix degradation were evaluated with histological staining and OARSI scores at the post-surgery 8 weeks. Results We found that intra-articular injection of ESC-MSCs alleviated cartilage destruction and matrix degradation in the DMM model. Further in vitro studies illustrated that this effect was exerted through ESC-MSC-derived exosomes. These exosomes maintained the chondrocyte phenotype by increasing collagen type II synthesis and decreasing ADAMTS5 expression in the presence of IL-1β. Immunocytochemistry revealed colocalization of the exosomes and collagen type II-positive chondrocytes. Subsequent intra-articular injection of exosomes derived from ESC-MSCs successfully impeded cartilage destruction in the DMM model. Conclusions The exosomes from ESC-MSCs exert a beneficial therapeutic effect on OA by balancing the synthesis and degradation of chondrocyte extracellular matrix (ECM), which in turn provides a new target for OA drug and drug-delivery system development. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0632-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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87
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Singh SP, Jadhav SH, Chaturvedi CP, Nityanand S. Therapeutic efficacy of multipotent adult progenitor cells versus mesenchymal stem cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Regen Med 2017. [PMID: 28621170 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2016-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM In this study, we have evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of mouse multipotent adult progenitor cells (mMAPCs) in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis, and compared it with mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs). MATERIALS & METHODS We administered PKH26-labeled mMAPC and mMSC into EAE mice and evaluated their therapeutic efficacy. RESULTS The mMAPC-treated mice in comparison with the mMSC group exhibited a higher suppression of EAE (p < 0.05), and a higher fold expression of neuronal genes GAP43, NG2, PDGFR, Nestin, SMI 32, BDNF and NT 3 in spinal cord (p < 0.05), suggesting a better neuroprotective and regenerative potential of mMAPC than mMSC. CONCLUSION MAPC may be a potential cell type, which is superior to mesenchymal stem cell for the treatment of EAE/multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Pratap Singh
- Stem Cell Research Facility, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow-226014, India
| | - Sachin Hanumantrao Jadhav
- Stem Cell Research Facility, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow-226014, India
| | - Chandra Prakash Chaturvedi
- Stem Cell Research Facility, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow-226014, India
| | - Soniya Nityanand
- Stem Cell Research Facility, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow-226014, India
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88
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Mao F, Tu Q, Wang L, Chu F, Li X, Li HS, Xu W. Mesenchymal stem cells and their therapeutic applications in inflammatory bowel disease. Oncotarget 2017; 8:38008-38021. [PMID: 28402942 PMCID: PMC5514968 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic stem cells that facilitate tissue regeneration through mechanisms involving self-renewal and differentiation, supporting angiogenesis and tissue cell survival, and limiting inflammation. MSCs were originally identified and expanded in long-term cultures of cells from bone marrow and other organs; and their native identity was recently confined into pericytes and adventitial cells in vascularized tissue. The multipotency, as well as the trophic and immunosuppressive effects, of MSCs have prompted the rapid development of clinical applications for many diseases involving tissue inflammation and immune disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease. Although standard criteria have been established to define MSCs, their therapeutic efficacy has varied significantly among studies due to their natural heterogenicity. Thus, understanding the biological and immunological features of MSCs is critical to standardize and optimize MSCs-based therapy. In this review, we highlight the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in MSCs-mediated tissue repair and immunosuppression. We also provide an update on the current development of MSCs-based clinical trials, with a detailed discussion of MSC-based cell therapy in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Tu
- Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Fuliang Chu
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Yantai Affiliated Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan S. Li
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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89
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Togha M, Jahanshahi M, Alizadeh L, Jahromi SR, Vakilzadeh G, Alipour B, Gorji A, Ghaemi A. Rapamycin Augments Immunomodulatory Properties of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 54:2445-2457. [PMID: 26971291 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9840-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have been considered as an appropriate candidate for treatment of autoimmune diseases. Previous studies have revealed that treatment with BM-MSCs may modulate immune responses and alleviate the symptoms in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice, an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Therefore, the present study was designed to examine immunomodulatory effects of BM-MSCs in the treatment of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) 35-55-induced EAE in C57BL/6 mice. MSCs were obtained from the bone marrow of C57BL mice, cultured with DMEM/F12, and characterized with flow cytometry for the presence of cell surface markers for BM-MSCs. Following three passages, BM-MSCs were injected intraperitoneally into EAE mice alone or in combination with rapamycin. Immunological and histopathological effects of BM-MSCs and addition of rapamycin to BM-MSCs were evaluated. The results demonstrated that adding rapamycin to BM-MSCs transplantation in EAE mice significantly reduced inflammation infiltration and demyelination, enhanced the immunomodulatory functions, and inhibited progress of neurological impairments compared to BM-MSC transplantation and control groups. The immunological effects of rapamycin and BM-MSC treatments were associated with the inhibition of the Ag-specific lymphocyte proliferation, CD8+ cytolytic activity, and the Th1-type cytokine (gamma-interferon (IFN-γ)) and the increase of Th-2 cytokine (interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-10) production. Addition of rapamycin to BM-MSCs was able to ameliorate neurological deficits and provide neuroprotective effects in EAE. This suggests the potential of rapamycin and BM-MSC combined therapy to play neuroprotective roles in the treatment of neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoureh Togha
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Jahanshahi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center-Neuroscience Institute, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gelareh Vakilzadeh
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Alipour
- Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Gorji
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran
- Epilepsy Research Center, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Department of Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Amir Ghaemi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 49175-1141, Gorgan, Iran.
- Department of Virology, Institute Pasteur of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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90
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Jiang B, Yan L, Miao Z, Li E, Wong KH, Xu RH. Spheroidal formation preserves human stem cells for prolonged time under ambient conditions for facile storage and transportation. Biomaterials 2017; 133:275-286. [PMID: 28460350 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human stem cells are vulnerable to unfavorable conditions, and their transportation relies on costly and inconvenient cryopreservation. We report here that human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in spheroids survived ambient conditions (AC) many days longer than in monolayer. Under AC, the viability of MSC in spheroids remained >90% even after seven days, whereas MSC in monolayer mostly died fast. AC-exposed MSC spheroids, after recovery under normal monolayer culture conditions with controlled carbon dioxide and humidity contents, resumed typical morphology and proliferation, and retained differentiating and immunosuppressive capabilities. RNA-sequencing and other assays demonstrate that reduced cell metabolism and proliferation correlates to the enhanced survival of AC-exposed MSC in spheroids versus monolayer. Moreover, AC-exposed MSC, when injected as either single cells or spheroids, retained therapeutic effects in vivo in mouse colitis models. Spheroidal formation also prolonged survival and sustained pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells kept under AC. Therefore, this work offers an alternative and relatively simple method termed spheropreservation versus the conventional method cryopreservation. It shall remarkably simplify long-distance transportation of stem cells of these and probably also other types within temperature-mild areas, and facilitate therapeutic application of MSC as spheroids without further processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Li Yan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Zhengqiang Miao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Enqin Li
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Koon Ho Wong
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau.
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91
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Park JW, Yan L, Stoddard C, Wang X, Yue Z, Crandall L, Robinson T, Chang Y, Denton K, Li E, Jiang B, Zhang Z, Martins-Taylor K, Yee SP, Nie H, Gu F, Si W, Xie T, Yue L, Xu RH. Recapitulating and Correcting Marfan Syndrome in a Cellular Model. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:588-603. [PMID: 28539832 PMCID: PMC5441176 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.19517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in FBN1 gene, which encodes a key extracellular matrix protein FIBRILLIN-1. The haplosufficiency of FBN1 has been implicated in pathogenesis of MFS with manifestations primarily in cardiovascular, muscular, and ocular tissues. Due to limitations in animal models to study the late-onset diseases, human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offer a homogeneic tool for dissection of cellular and molecular pathogenic mechanism for MFS in vitro. Here, we first derived induced PSCs (iPSCs) from a MFS patient with a FBN1 mutation and corrected the mutation, thereby generating an isogenic "gain-of-function" control cells for the parental MFS iPSCs. Reversely, we knocked out FBN1 in both alleles in a wild-type (WT) human embryonic stem cell (ESC) line, which served as a loss-of-function model for MFS with the WT cells as an isogenic control. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from both FBN1-mutant iPSCs and -ESCs demonstrated reduced osteogenic differentiation and microfibril formation. We further demonstrated that vascular smooth muscle cells derived from FBN1-mutant iPSCs showed less sensitivity to carbachol as demonstrated by contractility and Ca2+ influx assay, compared to the isogenic controls cells. These findings were further supported by transcriptomic anaylsis of the cells. Therefore, this study based on both gain- and loss-of-function approaches confirmed the pathogenetic role of FBN1 mutations in these MFS-related phenotypic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Woo Park
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Li Yan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Chris Stoddard
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Zhichao Yue
- Agricultural Genomes Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Leann Crandall
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tiwanna Robinson
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yuxiao Chang
- Agricultural Genomes Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kyle Denton
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Enqin Li
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Zhenwu Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Kristen Martins-Taylor
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Siu-Pok Yee
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hong Nie
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Gu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Si
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ting Xie
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Lixia Yue
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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92
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Steens J, Zuk M, Benchellal M, Bornemann L, Teichweyde N, Hess J, Unger K, Görgens A, Klump H, Klein D. In Vitro Generation of Vascular Wall-Resident Multipotent Stem Cells of Mesenchymal Nature from Murine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 8:919-932. [PMID: 28366456 PMCID: PMC5390238 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular wall (VW) serves as a niche for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In general, tissue-specific stem cells differentiate mainly to the tissue type from which they derive, indicating that there is a certain code or priming within the cells as determined by the tissue of origin. Here we report the in vitro generation of VW-typical MSCs from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), based on a VW-MSC-specific gene code. Using a lentiviral vector expressing the so-called Yamanaka factors, we reprogrammed tail dermal fibroblasts from transgenic mice containing the GFP gene integrated into the Nestin-locus (NEST-iPSCs) to facilitate lineage tracing after subsequent MSC differentiation. A lentiviral vector expressing a small set of recently identified human VW-MSC-specific HOX genes then induced MSC differentiation. This direct programming approach successfully mediated the generation of VW-typical MSCs with classical MSC characteristics, both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro generation of (VW)-typical MSCs from iPSCs based on a specific HOX code Reprogrammed fibroblasts (NEST-iPSCs) facilitated lineage tracing A lentiviral vector expressing HOXB7, HOXC6, and HOXC8 induced MSC differentiation Generated VW-MSCs showed classical MSC characteristics in vitro and in vivo
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Steens
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Melanie Zuk
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Mohamed Benchellal
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Lea Bornemann
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Nadine Teichweyde
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Hess
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristian Unger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - André Görgens
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Hannes Klump
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Diana Klein
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
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93
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Amelioration of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through transplantation of placental derived mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41837. [PMID: 28186117 PMCID: PMC5301256 DOI: 10.1038/srep41837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental derived mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs) have been suggested as a possible source of cells to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) due to their immunomodulatory functions, lack of ethical concerns, and potential to differentiate into neurons and oligodendrocytes. To investigate whether PMSCs share similar characteristics with embryonic mesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs), and if transplanted PMSCs have the ability to integrate and replace degenerated neural cells, we transplanted rat PMSCs and EMSCs into the central nervous system (CNS) of Lewis rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. Our findings demonstrated that transplanted PMSCs, similar to EMSCs, were effective in decreasing infiltrating inflammatory cells, preserving axons, and ameliorating demyelination, thereby improving the neurological functions of animals. Moreover, both PMSCs and EMSCs had the ability to migrate into inflamed tissues and express neural–glial lineage markers. These findings suggest that PMSCs may replace EMSCs as a source of cells in MS stem cell therapy.
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94
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Ghasemi N, Razavi S, Nikzad E. Multiple Sclerosis: Pathogenesis, Symptoms, Diagnoses and Cell-Based Therapy. CELL JOURNAL 2016; 19:1-10. [PMID: 28367411 PMCID: PMC5241505 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.4867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by central nervous system (CNS) lesions that can lead to severe physical or cognitive disability as well as neurological defects. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of MS remains unclear, the present documents illustrate that the cause of MS is multifactorial and include genetic predisposition together with environmental factors such as exposure to infectious agents, vitamin deficiencies, and smoking. These agents are able to trigger a cascade of events in the immune system which lead to neuronal cell death accompanied by nerve demyelination and neuronal dysfunction. Conventional therapies for MS are based on the use of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory drugs, but these treatments are not able to stop the destruction of nerve tissue. Thus, other strategies such as stem cell transplantation have been proposed for the treatment of MS. Overall, it is important that neurologists be aware of current information regarding the pathogenesis, etiology, diagnostic criteria, and treatment of MS. Thus, this issue has been discussed according to recent available information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazem Ghasemi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Razavi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Nikzad
- Jesus Son of Mary Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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95
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Volpe G, Bernstock JD, Peruzzotti-Jametti L, Pluchino S. Modulation of host immune responses following non-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Translational implications in progressive multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2016; 331:11-27. [PMID: 28034466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There exists an urgent need for effective treatments for those patients suffering from chronic/progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Accordingly, it has become readily apparent that different classes of stem cell-based therapies must be explored at both the basic science and clinical levels. Herein, we provide an overview of the basic mechanisms underlying the pre-clinical benefits of exogenously delivered non-hematopoietic stem cells (nHSCs) in animal models of MS. Further, we highlight a number of early clinical trials in which nHSCs have been used to treat MS. Finally, we identify a series of challenges that must be met and ultimately overcome if such promising therapeutics are to be advanced from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Volpe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; University of Cambridge, Clifford Allbutt Building - Cambridge Biosciences Campus, Hills Road, CB2 0AH Cambridge, UK.
| | - Joshua D Bernstock
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Luca Peruzzotti-Jametti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; University of Cambridge, Clifford Allbutt Building - Cambridge Biosciences Campus, Hills Road, CB2 0AH Cambridge, UK.
| | - Stefano Pluchino
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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96
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Lotfinia M, Kadivar M, Piryaei A, Pournasr B, Sardari S, Sodeifi N, Sayahpour FA, Baharvand H. Effect of Secreted Molecules of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Acute Hepatic Failure Model. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:1898-1908. [PMID: 27676103 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show tremendous promise for a wide array of therapeutic applications predominantly through paracrine activity. Recent reports showed that human embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived MSCs are an alternative for regenerative cellular therapy due to manufacturing large quantities of MSCs from a single donor. However, no study has been reported to uncover the secretome of human ESC-MSCs as treatment of an acute liver failure (ALF) mouse model. We demonstrated that human ESC-MSCs showed similar morphology and cell surface markers compared with bone marrow-derived MSCs. ESC-MSCs exhibited a higher growth rate during early in vitro expansion, along with adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential. Treatment with ESC-MSC-conditioned medium (CM) led to statistically significant enhancement of primary hepatocyte viability and increased immunomodulatory interleukin-10 secretion from lipopolysaccharide-induced human blood mononuclear cells. Analysis of the MSCs secretome by a protein array screen showed an association between higher frequencies of secretory proteins such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and regulation of cell proliferation, cell migration, the development process, immune system process, and apoptosis. In this thioacetamide-induced mouse model of acute liver injury, we observed that systemic infusion of VEGF led to significant survival. These data have provided the first experimental evidence of the therapeutic potential of human ESC-MSC-derived molecules. These molecules show trophic support to hepatocytes, which potentially creates new avenues for the treatment of ALF, as an inflammatory condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Lotfinia
- 1 Biochemistry Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Kadivar
- 1 Biochemistry Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Piryaei
- 2 Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology , ACECR, Tehran, Iran .,3 Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Behshad Pournasr
- 2 Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology , ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soroush Sardari
- 4 Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran , Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Sodeifi
- 2 Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology , ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forugh-Azam Sayahpour
- 2 Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology , ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- 2 Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology , ACECR, Tehran, Iran .,5 Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture , Tehran, Iran
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Synergistic and Superimposed Effect of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with Fasudil in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 60:486-497. [PMID: 27573128 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0819-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the ideal transplanted cells of cellular therapy for promoting neuroprotection and neurorestoration. However, the optimization of transplanted cells and the improvement of microenvironment around implanted cells are still two critical challenges for enhancing therapeutic effect. In the current study, we observed the therapeutic potential of MSCs combined with Fasudil in mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and explored possible mechanisms of action. The results clearly show that combined intervention of MSCs and Fasudil further reduced the severity of EAE compared with MSCs or Fasudil alone, indicating a synergistic and superimposed effect in treating EAE. The addition of Fasudil inhibited MSC-induced inflammatory signaling TLR-4/MyD88 and inflammatory molecule IFN-γ, IL-1β, and TNF-α but did not convert M1 microglia to M2 phenotype. The delivery of MSCs enhanced the expression of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) compared with that of Fasudil. Importantly, combined intervention of MSCs and Fasudil further increased the expression of BDNF and GDNF compared with the delivery of MSCs alone, indicating that combined intervention of MSCs and Fasudil synergistically contributes to the expression of neurotrophic factors which should be related to the expression of increased galactocerebroside (GalC) compared with mice treated with Fasudil and MSCs alone. However, a lot of investigation is warranted to further elucidate the cross talk of MSCs and Fasudil in the therapeutic potential of EAE/multiple sclerosis.
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Human Pluripotent Stem Cells: Advances in Chondrogenic Differentiation and Articular Cartilage Regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40610-016-0041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Ng J, Hynes K, White G, Sivanathan KN, Vandyke K, Bartold PM, Gronthos S. Immunomodulatory Properties of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:2844-2853. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ng
- Colgate Australian Clinical Dental Research Centre; School of Dentistry; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Kim Hynes
- Colgate Australian Clinical Dental Research Centre; School of Dentistry; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Gregory White
- Colgate Australian Clinical Dental Research Centre; School of Dentistry; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory; School of Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Kisha Nandini Sivanathan
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory; School of Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation; Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Kate Vandyke
- Myeloma Research Laboratory; School of Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute; Adelaide South Australia Australia
- SA Pathology; Adelaide; South Australia Australia
| | - Peter Mark Bartold
- Colgate Australian Clinical Dental Research Centre; School of Dentistry; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory; School of Medicine; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute; Adelaide South Australia Australia
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Bravo B, Gallego MI, Flores AI, Bornstein R, Puente-Bedia A, Hernández J, de la Torre P, García-Zaragoza E, Perez-Tavarez R, Grande J, Ballester A, Ballester S. Restrained Th17 response and myeloid cell infiltration into the central nervous system by human decidua-derived mesenchymal stem cells during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:43. [PMID: 26987803 PMCID: PMC4797118 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis is a widespread inflammatory demyelinating disease. Several immunomodulatory therapies are available, including interferon-β, glatiramer acetate, natalizumab, fingolimod, and mitoxantrone. Although useful to delay disease progression, they do not provide a definitive cure and are associated with some undesirable side-effects. Accordingly, the search for new therapeutic methods constitutes an active investigation field. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to modify the disease course is currently the subject of intense interest. Decidua-derived MSCs (DMSCs) are a cell population obtained from human placental extraembryonic membranes able to differentiate into the three germ layers. This study explores the therapeutic potential of DMSCs. METHODS We used the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal model to evaluate the effect of DMSCs on clinical signs of the disease and on the presence of inflammatory infiltrates in the central nervous system. We also compared the inflammatory profile of spleen T cells from DMSC-treated mice with that of EAE control animals, and the influence of DMSCs on the in vitro definition of the Th17 phenotype. Furthermore, we analyzed the effects on the presence of some critical cell types in central nervous system infiltrates. RESULTS Preventive intraperitoneal injection of DMSCs resulted in a significant delay of external signs of EAE. In addition, treatment of animals already presenting with moderate symptoms resulted in mild EAE with reduced disease scores. Besides decreased inflammatory infiltration, diminished percentages of CD4(+)IL17(+), CD11b(+)Ly6G(+) and CD11b(+)Ly6C(+) cells were found in infiltrates of treated animals. Early immune response was mitigated, with spleen cells of DMSC-treated mice displaying low proliferative response to antigen, decreased production of interleukin (IL)-17, and increased production of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10. Moreover, lower RORγT and higher GATA-3 expression levels were detected in DMSC-treated mice. DMSCs also showed a detrimental influence on the in vitro definition of the Th17 phenotype. CONCLUSIONS DMSCs modulated the clinical course of EAE, modified the frequency and cell composition of the central nervous system infiltrates during the disease, and mediated an impairment of Th17 phenotype establishment in favor of the Th2 subtype. These results suggest that DMSCs might provide a new cell-based therapy for the control of multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Bravo
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta I. Gallego
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Mammary Gland Pathology, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I. Flores
- Grupo de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Avda. Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Bornstein
- Hospital Central de Cruz Roja, Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Avenida de Reina Victoria 24, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Puente-Bedia
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paz de la Torre
- Grupo de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Avda. Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena García-Zaragoza
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Mammary Gland Pathology, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Perez-Tavarez
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Histology Core Unit, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Grande
- Grupo de Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Avda. Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Ballester
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Ballester
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unidad Funcional de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas, Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Madrid, Spain
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