51
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Zhou Q, Wang H, Gao T, Yu Y, Ling B, Mao L, Zhang H, Meng X, Zhou X. Supramolecular vesicle: triggered by formation of pseudorotaxane between cucurbit[6]uril and surfactant. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:11315-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc11359c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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52
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Ding B, Zhang X, Hayat K, Xia S, Jia C, Xie M, Liu C. Preparation, characterization and the stability of ferrous glycinate nanoliposomes. J FOOD ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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53
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Sinks LE, Robbins GP, Roussakis E, Troxler T, Hammer DA, Vinogradov SA. Two-photon microscopy of oxygen: polymersomes as probe carrier vehicles. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:14373-82. [PMID: 20462225 PMCID: PMC2939231 DOI: 10.1021/jp100353v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen concentration distributions in biological systems can be imaged by the phosphorescence quenching method in combination with two-photon laser scanning microscopy. In this paper, we identified the excitation regime in which the signal of a two-photon-enhanced phosphorescent probe (Finikova, O. S.; Lebedev, A. Y.; Aprelev, A.; Troxler, T.; Gao, F.; Garnacho, C.; Muro, S.; Hochstrasser, R. M.; Vinogradov, S. A. ChemPhysChem 2008, 9, 1673-1679) is dependent quadratically on the excitation power (quadratic regime), and performed simulations that relate the photophysical properties of the probe to the imaging resolution. Further, we characterized polymersomes as a method of probe encapsulation and delivery. Photophysical and oxygen sensing properties of the probe were found unchanged when the probe is encapsulated in polymersomes. Polymersomes were found capable of sustaining high probe concentrations, thereby serving to improve the signal-to-noise ratios for oxygen detection compared to the previously employed probe delivery methods. Imaging of polymersomes loaded with the probe was used as a test-bed for a new method.
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54
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55
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Highly sensitive fluorescence quantification of picloram using immunorecognition liposome. Talanta 2010; 83:210-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2010] [Revised: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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56
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Sikanen T, Wiedmer SK, Heikkilä L, Franssila S, Kostiainen R, Kotiaho T. Dynamic coating of SU-8 microfluidic chips with phospholipid disks. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:2566-74. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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57
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Zimmerman LB, Lee KD, Meyerhoff ME. Visual detection of single-stranded target DNA using pyrroloquinoline-quinone-loaded liposomes as a tracer. Anal Biochem 2010; 401:182-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 02/25/2010] [Accepted: 02/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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58
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da Silva Malheiros P, Daroit DJ, Brandelli A. Food applications of liposome-encapsulated antimicrobial peptides. Trends Food Sci Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2010.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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59
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Jahn A, Stavis SM, Hong JS, Vreeland WN, DeVoe DL, Gaitan M. Microfluidic mixing and the formation of nanoscale lipid vesicles. ACS NANO 2010; 4:2077-2087. [PMID: 20356060 DOI: 10.1021/nn901676x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the formation of unilamellar lipid vesicles (liposomes) with diameters of tens of nanometers by controlled microfluidic mixing and nanoparticle determination (COMMAND). Our study includes liposome synthesis experiments and numerical modeling of our microfluidic implementation of the batch solvent injection method. We consider microfluidic liposome formation from the perspective of fluid interfaces and convective-diffusive mixing, as we find that bulk fluid flow parameters including hydrodynamically focused alcohol stream width, final alcohol concentration, and shear stress do not primarily determine the vesicle formation process. Microfluidic device geometry in conjunction with hydrodynamic flow focusing strongly influences vesicle size distributions, providing a coarse method to control liposome size, while total flow rate allows fine-tuning the vesicle size in certain focusing regimes. Although microfluidic liposome synthesis is relatively simple to implement experimentally, numerical simulations of the mixing process reveal a complex system of fluid flow and mass transfer determining the formation of nonequilibrium vesicles. These results expand our understanding of the microfluidic environment that controls liposome self-assembly and yield several technological advances for the on-chip synthesis of nanoscale lipid vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Jahn
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Semiconductor Electronics Division, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.
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60
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Silva R, Ferreira H, Little C, Cavaco-Paulo A. Effect of ultrasound parameters for unilamellar liposome preparation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2010; 17:628-32. [PMID: 19914854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2009.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2009] [Revised: 09/21/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, it was investigated the effects of ultrasound, namely power input, distance from ultrasound tip to base of reactor and treatment time, in the formation of liposomes. Results indicate a dependence on cavitation events that are a function of power input, and consequently dependent on the position of the probe within the reaction vessel and the wave behaviour. Short treatment times are required to achieve nanosized vesicles in anti-nodal (lambda/4; 19mm) reactor geometries. In this wave point the cavitation phenomenon is more pronounced when compared with the nodal point (lambda/2; 38mm). Therefore, the consideration of the above parameters is vital if dependable and repeatable results are to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Silva
- Dept. Textile Eng., University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
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61
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Østergaard J, Moeller EH. Ghrelin-liposome interactions: Characterization of liposomal formulations of an acylated 28-amino acid peptide using CE. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:339-45. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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62
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Banerjee J, Hanson AJ, Gadam B, Elegbede AI, Tobwala S, Ganguly B, Wagh AV, Muhonen WW, Law B, Shabb JB, Srivastava DK, Mallik S. Release of liposomal contents by cell-secreted matrix metalloproteinase-9. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:1332-9. [PMID: 19601658 DOI: 10.1021/bc9000646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes have been widely used as a drug delivery vehicle, and currently, more than 10 liposomal formulations are approved by the Food and Drug Administration for clinical use. However, upon targeting, the release of the liposome-encapsulated contents is usually slow. We have recently demonstrated that contents from appropriately formulated liposomes can be rapidly released by the cancer-associated enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Herein, we report our detailed studies to optimize the liposomal formulations. By properly selecting the lipopeptide, the major lipid component, and their relative amounts, we demonstrate that the contents are rapidly released in the presence of cancer-associated levels of recombinant human MMP-9. We observed that the degree of lipid mismatch between the lipopepides and the major lipid component profoundly affects the release profiles from the liposomes. By utilizing the optimized liposomal formulations, we also demonstrate that cancer cells (HT-29) which secrete low levels of MMP-9 failed to release a significant amount of the liposomal contents. Metastatic cancer cells (MCF7) secreting high levels of the enzyme rapidly release the encapsulated contents from the liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayati Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA
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63
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Evaluation of liposome populations using a sucrose density gradient centrifugation approach coupled to a continuous flow system. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 645:79-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2009] [Revised: 04/22/2009] [Accepted: 04/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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64
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Azagarsamy MA, Gomez-Escudero A, Yesilyurt V, Vachet RW, Thayumanavan S. Amphiphilic nanoassemblies for the detection of peptides and proteins using fluorescence and mass spectrometry. Analyst 2009; 134:635-49. [DOI: 10.1039/b818484d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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65
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Kato K, Walde P, Koine N, Ichikawa S, Ishikawa T, Nagahama R, Ishihara T, Tsujii T, Shudou M, Omokawa Y, Kuroiwa T. Temperature-sensitive nonionic vesicles prepared from Span 80 (sorbitan monooleate). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:10762-10770. [PMID: 18720959 DOI: 10.1021/la801581f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Different types of nonionic vesicles were prepared from commercial Span 80 (also called sorbitan monooleate), as an inexpensive, biocompatible alternative to conventional phospholipid-based vesicles (liposomes). The vesicles were characterized by different techniques and comparison was made with vesicles formed from POPC (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) or DOPC (1,2-dioleoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine). Dynamic light scattering measurements, electron microscopy analyses, and two types of fusion assays indicate that Span 80 vesicles are stable for at least 7 days at 4 or 25 degrees C, while storage at 42 degrees C causes irreversible vesicle fusion. This indicates that Span 80 vesicles are thermoresponsive with vesicle fusion occurring at elevated temperature. This property may be related to headgroup dehydration and is certainly not directly linked to the phase transition temperature (Tm) of the vesicles, since the Tm is below -30 degrees C, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The measured Tm value for Span 80 vesicles is lower than in the case of DOPC or POPC, correlating with a higher fluidity of Span 80 vesicles as compared to POPC or DOPC vesicles, as determined with DPH (1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene) as fluorescent membrane probe. High fluidity correlates with increased leakage of entrapped water-soluble dye molecules. Addition of cholesterol and soybean phosphatidylcholine lowers the extent of leakage, allowing a tuning of the bilayer permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Kato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.
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66
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Silva R, Little C, Ferreira H, Cavaco-Paulo A. Incorporation of peptides in phospholipid aggregates using ultrasound. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2008; 15:1026-1032. [PMID: 18467154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2008.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2007] [Revised: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 03/06/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the highlights of ultrasonic effects on peptides incorporated on phospholipid aggregates (liposomes). These liposomes or vesicles are known as transport agents in skin drug delivery and for hair treatment. They might be a good model to deliver larger peptides into hair to restore fibre strength after hair coloration, modelling, permanent wave and/or straightening. The preparation of liposomes 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) with peptides (LLLLK LLLLK LLLLK LLLLK; LLLLL LCLCL LLKAK AK) was made by the thin film hydration method. The LUVs (uni-lamellar vesicles) were obtained by sonication, applying different experimental conditions, such as depth (mm) and power intensity (%). Photon-correlation spectroscopy (PCS) and electronic microscopy (EM) results confirmed that the incorporation of these peptides, with different sequence of amino acids, presented differences on the diameter, zeta-potential of membrane surface and shape of liposomes. The liposomes that included peptide LLLLK LLLLK LLLLK LLLLK present an increased in zeta-potential values after using ultrasound and an "amorphous" aspect. Conversely, the liposomes that incorporated the peptide LLLLL LCLCL LLKAK AK presented a define shape (rod shape) and the potential surface of liposome did not change significantly by the use of ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Silva
- Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
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67
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Hirano-Iwata A, Niwano M, Sugawara M. The design of molecular sensing interfaces with lipid-bilayer assemblies. Trends Analyt Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2008.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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68
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Zhang S, Liu Z, Zhou N, Wang Z, Shen J. A liposome immune lysis assay for enrofloxacin in carp and chicken muscle. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 612:83-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2007] [Revised: 02/01/2008] [Accepted: 02/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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69
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Jesorka A, Orwar O. Liposomes: technologies and analytical applications. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2008; 1:801-32. [PMID: 20636098 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.anchem.1.031207.112747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes are structurally and functionally some of the most versatile supramolecular assemblies in existence. Since the beginning of active research on lipid vesicles in 1965, the field has progressed enormously and applications are well established in several areas, such as drug and gene delivery. In the analytical sciences, liposomes serve a dual purpose: Either they are analytes, typically in quality-assessment procedures of liposome preparations, or they are functional components in a variety of new analytical systems. Liposome immunoassays, for example, benefit greatly from the amplification provided by encapsulated markers, and nanotube-interconnected liposome networks have emerged as ultrasmall-scale analytical devices. This review provides information about new developments in some of the most actively researched liposome-related topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Jesorka
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden.
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70
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Smith KA, Jasnow D, Balazs AC. Designing synthetic vesicles that engulf nanoscopic particles. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:084703. [PMID: 17764280 DOI: 10.1063/1.2766953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We examine the interaction of a lipid bilayer membrane with a spherical particle in solution using dissipative particle dynamics, with the aim of controlling the passage of foreign objects into and out of vesicles. Parameters are chosen such that there is a favorable adhesive interaction between the membrane and the particle. Under these conditions, the membrane wraps the particle in a process resembling phagocytosis in biological cells. We find that, for a homogeneous membrane with a uniform attraction to the particle, the membrane is unable to fully wrap the particle when the adhesion strength is below a certain value. This is observed even in the limit of zero membrane tension. When the adhesion strength is increased above the threshold value, the membrane fully wraps the particle. However, the wrapped particle remains tethered to the larger membrane. We next consider an adhesive domain, or raft, in an otherwise nonadhesive membrane. We find that, when the particle is wrapped by the raft, the line tension at the raft interface promotes fission, allowing the wrapped particle to detach from the larger membrane. This mechanism could be used to allow particles to cross a vesicle membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt A Smith
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
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71
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Hautala JT, Riekkola ML, Wiedmer SK. Anionic phospholipid coatings in capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1150:339-47. [PMID: 16945379 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2006] [Revised: 08/02/2006] [Accepted: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Anionic phospholipids phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and phosphatidylserine (PS) were examined for their effect on 1-palmitoyl-2-oleyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (POPC)-containing liposomes used as coating material in capillary electrochromatography. Liposome solvent was N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-(2-ethanesulfonic acid) (HEPES) buffer at pH 7.4 with and without 3 mM of CaCl2. The background electrolyte solution was HEPES buffer at pH 7.4. The net charge, size, and short-term stability of the liposomes were measured with a Zetasizer. Results showed that calcium interacts with all liposomes but most strongly with POPC/PA. The relative migration times, retention factors, and resolution of the model analytes (one cationic, three uncharged ions, and one anionic) were studied. All liposomes successfully coated the silica capillary. Without calcium the strongest interaction and best separation of the analytes were with the POPC/PI and POPC/PS coatings, while interactions with the POPC/PA coating were weak. Calcium enhanced the interactions of the model analytes with all coatings, and the interactions were then strongest with the POPC/PA coating. In the presence of calcium there appears to be a slight reorganization of the coating with increasing number of runs. Our results indicate strong interactions between calcium and the phosphate groups in phospholipids and demonstrate the significant role of the phospholipid polar head group in phospholipid coatings on silica surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari T Hautala
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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72
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Zhu C, Wu LQ, Wang X, Lee JH, English DS, Ghodssi R, Raghavan SR, Payne GF. Reversible vesicle restraint in response to spatiotemporally controlled electrical signals: a bridge between electrical and chemical signaling modes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:286-91. [PMID: 17190516 DOI: 10.1021/la061421i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Microelectronic devices employ electrons for signaling whereas the nervous system signals using ions and chemicals. Bridging these signaling differences would benefit applications that range from biosensing to neuroprosthetics. Here, we report the use of localized electrical signals to perform an operation common to chemical signaling in the nervous system. Specifically, we employ electrical signals to restrain vesicles reversibly. We perform this operation using the stimuli-responsive aminopolysaccharide chitosan that is able to electrodeposit onto cathode surfaces in response to localized electrical stimuli. We show that surfactant-vesicles and liposomes can be co-deposited with chitosan and are entrapped (i.e., restrained) within the deposited film's matrix. Vesicle co-deposition could be controlled spatially and temporally using microfabricated wafers with independent electrode addresses. Finally, we show that vesicles restrained within the deposited chitosan matrix can be mobilized under mildly acidic conditions (pH <6.5) that resolubilize chitosan. Potentially, the ability to restrain and mobilize chemical signals that are segregated within vesicles may allow microfluidic systems to access the rich diversity offered by chemical signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhu
- Center for Biosystems Research, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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73
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Jeong JH, Sugii Y, Minamiyama M, Takeuchi H, Okamoto K. Interaction between liposomes and RBC in microvessels in vivo. Microvasc Res 2007; 73:39-47. [PMID: 16844147 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2006.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2006] [Revised: 04/24/2006] [Accepted: 05/01/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes are phospholipid vesicles that can serve as carriers of biologically active agents in vitro and in vivo. Here, we describe the movement of liposomes suspended with blood flowing in capillaries. Liposomes were coated with a polymer to extend their lifespan in rat mesenteric blood vessels and detected by fluorescent staining. Liposome activity was observed by intravital microscopy using a high-speed camera system at 5 and 60 min after liposome administration. Liposome velocity was determined using two-dimensional cross-correlation, and blood flow was measured by high-resolution PIV (particle image velocimetry). The results showed that the motion of polymer-coated liposome followed the phase averaged velocity distribution of heartbeats while flowing with red blood cells in microvessels. Liposome particles tend to move toward the near blood vessel wall in the low velocity of blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hong Jeong
- Department of Quantum Engineering and Systems Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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74
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Ou J, Dong J, Dong X, Yu Z, Ye M, Zou H. Recent progress in polar stationary phases for CEC. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:148-63. [PMID: 17136736 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes most of the recent developments in the preparation and application of polar stationary phases for CEC covering the literature published since the year 2004. These polar stationary phases have been adopted for separation of analytes by the modes of packing column CEC, open-tubular CEC (o-CEC) and monolithic column CEC. Currently, development of o-CEC using biomolecules, such as protein and DNA, as the immobilized ligands is highlighted partly due to the simplicity of preparation. Furthermore, monolithic columns have been extended quickly, particularly inorganic materials-based monoliths, such as silica, zirconia, hafnium, etc., as an alternative to packed columns have been developed quickly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ou
- National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
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75
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Eijkel JCT, van den Berg A. Active transport: a new chemical separation method? LAB ON A CHIP 2006; 6:597-600. [PMID: 16652174 DOI: 10.1039/b605305j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan C T Eijkel
- BIOS/Lab-on-a-Chip group, MESA+ Research Institute, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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76
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Han NY, Hautala JT, Bo T, Wiedmer SK, Riekkola ML. Immobilization of phospholipid-avidin on fused-silica capillaries for chiral separation in open-tubular capillary electrochromatography. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:1502-9. [PMID: 16550500 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid-coated fused-silica capillaries with immobilized avidin were applied in the chiral separation of D,L-tryptophan, D,L-PTH-serine, and D,L-PTH-threonine at pH 7.4 by open-tubular CEC. Liposomes prepared from 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(Cap biotinyl), or 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(Biotinyl) with different amounts of phosphatidylserine were assessed as phospholipid coating materials. The stability of the coating and the success of the coating procedure were evaluated in terms of the repeatability of the enantiomer migration times and the resolution of enantiomers. The coating procedure itself significantly affected the migration times and resolution of the enantiomers. Reliable chiral separations with high separation efficiencies were achieved through careful choice of the coating method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Yin Han
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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77
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Park JH, Kwon EY, Jung HI, Kim DE. Direct Force Measurement of the Interaction Between Liposome and the C2A Domain of Synaptotagmin I using Atomic Force Microscopy. Biotechnol Lett 2006; 28:505-9. [PMID: 16614933 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-006-0010-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2005] [Accepted: 01/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The binding force between a liposome and the C2A domain of synaptotagmin I was determined by an atomic force microscopy (AFM). Liposomes were immobilized on the surface of the L1 sensor chip and the C2A domains, which recognize phosphatidylserine, were chemically conjugated onto a gold-coated cantilever tip. The average interaction force between the C2A domain and the liposome was 306 (+/-57) pN while the force between untreated cantilever and the liposome was 58 (+/-16) pN. This work helps understand the physicochemical interactions between proteins and lipid vesicles for the design of high affinity protein probes against the apoptotic cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Ho Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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78
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Abstract
We identified 1113 articles (103 reviews, 1010 primary research articles) published in 2005 that describe experiments performed using commercially available optical biosensors. While this number of publications is impressive, we find that the quality of the biosensor work in these articles is often pretty poor. It is a little disappointing that there appears to be only a small set of researchers who know how to properly perform, analyze, and present biosensor data. To help focus the field, we spotlight work published by 10 research groups that exemplify the quality of data one should expect to see from a biosensor experiment. Also, in an effort to raise awareness of the common problems in the biosensor field, we provide side-by-side examples of good and bad data sets from the 2005 literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Rich
- Center for Biomolecular Interaction Analysis, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
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Kotyńska J, Figaszewski ZA. Adsorption equilibria between liposome membrane formed of phosphatidylcholine and aqueous sodium chloride solution as a function of pH. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2005; 1720:22-7. [PMID: 16375851 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2005.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2005] [Revised: 10/27/2005] [Accepted: 11/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effect has been studied of the adsorption of ions (H(+), Na(+), OH(-), Cl(-)) which are present in solution upon the electric charge of the liposome membrane formed of phosphatidylcholine (PC). The surface charge density of the membrane was determined as a function of pH and electrolyte concentration from electrophoretic mobility measurements. The measurements were carried out by the laser-Doppler microelectrophoresis method. A four-equilibria model has been proposed to describe the phenomena occurring on the membrane surface. The equilibria in which the adsorption of other ions on the liposome membrane surface was involved were assumed to exist beside the equilibria in which the H(+) and OH(-) ions were engaged. The idea was confirmed by mathematical calculations. Association constants of the liposome membrane surface with ions of solution (K(AH), K(ANa), K(BOH), K(BCl)) were determined. The proposed model has been proved to be correct by comparing the resulting theoretic charge variation curves of the lecithin membrane with the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kotyńska
- Institiute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Al. Pilsudskiego 11/4, 15-443 Bialystok, Poland
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