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Liu C, Lin J, Chen H, Wang W, Yang Y. Comparative Study of Biochar Modified with Different Functional Groups for Efficient Removal of Pb(II) and Ni(II). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191811163. [PMID: 36141437 PMCID: PMC9517685 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The potential application of biochar in water treatment is attracting interest due to its sustainability and low production cost. In the present study, H3PO4-modified porous biochar (H-PBC), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-modified porous biochar (E-PBC), and NaOH-modified porous biochar (O-PBC) were prepared for Ni(II) and Pb(II) adsorption in an aqueous solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET), and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were employed to characterize the as-obtained samples, and their capacities for Ni(II) and Pb(II) adsorption were determined. SEM showed that H-PBC retained the hierarchical porous structure of pristine biochar. FT-IR showed that H-PBC possessed abundant oxygen-containing and phosphorus-containing functional groups on the surface. BET analysis demonstrated that the surface areas of H-PBC (344.17 m2/g) was higher than O-PBC (3.66 m2/g), and E-PBC (1.64 m2/g), respectively. H-PBC, E-PBC, and O-PBC all exhibited excellent performance at Ni(II) and Pb(II) adsorption with maximum adsorption capacity of 64.94 mg/g, 47.17 mg/g, and 60.24 mg/g, and 243.90 mg/g, 156.25 mg/g, and 192.31 mg/g, respectively, which were significantly higher than the adsorption capacity (19.80 mg/g and 38.31 mg/g) of porous biochar (PBC). Pseudo-second order models suggested that the adsorption process was controlled by chemical adsorption. After three regeneration cycles, the Ni(II) and Pb(II) removal efficiency with H-PBC were still 49.8% and 56.3%. The results obtained in this study suggest that H-PBC is a promising adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Liu
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Haojia Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515041, China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Wanjun Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515041, China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515041, China
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Hamid Y, Liu L, Usman M, Naidu R, Haris M, Lin Q, Ulhassan Z, Hussain MI, Yang X. Functionalized biochars: Synthesis, characterization, and applications for removing trace elements from water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129337. [PMID: 35714538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) has been recognized as an effective adsorbent to remove trace elements (TEs) from water. However, low surface functionality and small pore size can limit the adsorption ability of pristine biochar. These limitations can be addressed by using functionalized biochars which are developed by physical, chemical, or biological activation of biochar to improve their physico-chemical properties and adsorption efficiency. Despite the large amount of research concerning functionalized biochars in recent decades, to our knowledge, no comprehensive review of this topic has been published. This review focuses solely on the synthesis, characterization, and applications of functionalized/engineered biochars for removing TEs from water. Firstly, we evaluate the synthesis of functionalized biochars by physical, chemical, and biological strategies that yield the desired properties in the final product. The following section describes the characterization of functionalized biochars using various techniques (SEM, TEM, EDS, XRD, XANES/NEXAFS, XPS, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy). Afterward, the role of functionalized biochars in the adsorption of different TEs from water/wastewater is critically evaluated with an emphasis on the factors affecting sorption efficiency, sorption mechanisms, fate of sorbed TEs from contaminated environments and associated challenges. Finally, we specifically scrutinized the future recommendations and research directions for the application of functionalized biochar. This review serves as a comprehensive resource for the use of functionalized biochar as an emerging environmental material capable of removing TEs from contaminated water/wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Hamid
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environ. Remediation and Ecol. Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Lei Liu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environ. Remediation and Ecol. Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- PEIE Research Chair for the Development of Industrial Estates and Free Zones, Center for Environmental Studies and Research, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Muhammad Haris
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environ. Remediation and Ecol. Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zaid Ulhassan
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - M Iftikhar Hussain
- Department of Plant Biology & Soil Science, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environ. Remediation and Ecol. Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Khurshid H, Mustafa MRU, Isa MH. Adsorption of chromium, copper, lead and mercury ions from aqueous solution using bio and nano adsorbents: A review of recent trends in the application of AC, BC, nZVI and MXene. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113138. [PMID: 35364043 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent trends in adsorption of Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb) and Mercury (Hg) in wastewater using (i) carbonaceous materials including activated carbon (AC) and biochar (BC), and (ii) nanomaterials including nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) and MXenes have been discussed in this paper. It has been found that adsorption capacity depends largely on the adsorbent modification technique, initial pH of wastewater, dosage of adsorbent, contact time and initial concentration of the pollutants. The pH value ranges for maximum removal of Cr, Cu, Pb and Hg have been reported as 2-4, 5-6, 5-8 and 3-8, respectively. Up to 99% removal of metals has been reported using AC, BC, nZVI and MXene. The mechanism involves the reduction and chemical adsorption of metals. AC and BC have a higher surface area (up to 5000 m2/g) compared to nZVI (up to 500 m2/g) and MXene (up to 67.66 m2/g). However, the higher reactivity and regeneration capacity of nZVI and MXene make them suitable adsorbents. From a practical point of view the application of adsorbents for real effluents, cost analysis, regeneration capability and reuse of heavy metals are some aspects that need attention in future studies. The removal efficiencies of AC and BC are comparable to the nZVI and MXene. The cost analysis may be an attractive aspect to decide the future application of these adsorbents at large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hifsa Khurshid
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Raza Ul Mustafa
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia; Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Hasnain Isa
- Civil Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Tungku Highway, Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
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Fabrication of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots hybrid membranes and its sorption for Cu(II), Co(II) and Pb(II) in mixed polymetallic solution. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Li J, Wang SL, Zheng L, Chen D, Wu Z, Sun C, Bolan N, Zhao H, Peng AA, Fang Z, Zhou R, Liu G, Bhatnagar A, Qiu Y, Wang H. Spectroscopic investigations and density functional theory calculations reveal differences in retention mechanisms of lead and copper on chemically-modified phytolith-rich biochars. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134590. [PMID: 35427661 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of different retention mechanisms of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) by biochars during the remediation of contaminated sites is critically needed. In this study, different spectroscopic techniques including synchrotron-based micro-X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF), X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), and near-edge XAFS spectroscopy (NEXAFS), were used to investigate the spatial distributions and retention mechanisms of lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) on phytolith-rich coconut-fiber biochar (CFB), and ammonia, nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide modified CFB (MCFB) (i.e., ACFB, NCFB and HCFB). The μ-XRF analyses indicated that sorption sites on ACFB and NCFB were more efficient compared to those on CFB and HCFB to bind Pb/Cu. XAFS analyses revealed that the percentage of Pb species as Pb(C2H3O2)2 increased from 22.2% (Pb-loaded CFBs) to 47.4% and 41.9% on Pb-loaded NCFBs and HCFBs, while the percentage of Cu(OH)2 and Cu(C2H3O2)2 increased from 5.8% to 32.8% (Cu-loaded CFBs) to 41.5% and 43.4% (Cu-loaded NCFBs), and 27.1% and 35.1% (Cu-loaded HCFBs), respectively. Due to their similar atomic structures of Pb/Cu, Pb(C2H3O2)2/Pb-loaded montmorillonite and Cu(C2H3O2)2/Cu(OH)2 were identified as the predominant Pb/Cu species observed in Pb- and Cu-loaded MCFBs. The NEXAFS analyses of carbon confirmed that increasing amounts of carboxylic groups were formed on HCFB and NCFB by oxidizing carbon-containing functional groups, which could provide additional active binding sites for Pb/Cu retention. Results from the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses of nitrogen showed that azido-groups of ACFB played major roles in Pb/Cu retention, while amide-groups and pyridine-groups of NCFB primarily participated in Pb/Cu retention. Overall, density functional theory calculations suggested that silicate and the synergistic effect of hydroxyl and carboxylic-groups on MCFBs were highly efficient in Pb retention, while azido-groups and/or carboxylic-groups played major roles in Cu retention. These results provide novel insights into the PTE retention mechanisms of MCFBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Li
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362000, China; Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Shan-Li Wang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dongliang Chen
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Chenghua Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Center for Translational Atomaterials, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Hongting Zhao
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - An-An Peng
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Rongfu Zhou
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Guobin Liu
- The 41st Institute of Sixth Academy of China Aerospace Science & Industry Corp, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010010, China
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Yong Qiu
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362000, China.
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
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Removal and Mechanism of Cadmium, Lead and Copper in Water by Functional Modification of Silkworm Excrement Biochar. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142889. [PMID: 35890663 PMCID: PMC9323519 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A new type of biochar, called GBC, was prepared from silkworm excrement, and then modified by chitosan combined with pyromellitic dianhydride. The removal of mono-metal and polymetals (Pb, Cd and Cu) from an aqueous solution by GBC was investigated in this research. Compared to unmodified biochar, the removal rate of Pb and Cd by GBC was about 12% higher, while that of Cu was about 94.6% higher. It also shows the types of functional groups in biochar have a great impact on their adsorption. The removal of Pb is mainly involved in the N-C=O functional group, the removal of Cd is mainly involved in N-containing functional group and C=C bond, and that of Cu is mainly involved in N-containing functional group, carboxyl group, hydroxyl group, and a carbonyl group. Five adsorption–desorption cycles of GBC were carried out, and it was found that the adsorption capacities of GBC for Pb, Cd and Cu decreased by 7.28%, 10.78% and 6.07%, respectively, indicating that GBC had a good renewable performance. The adsorption capacity of GBC for Cu in different water samples is between 89.62 and 93.47 mg·g−1, indicating that GBC has great application potential for the removal of Cu in wastewater.
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Liu J, Che X, Huang X, Mo Y, Wen Y, Jia J, Zhou H, Yan B. The interaction between biochars from distinct pyrolysis temperatures and multiple pollutants determines their combined cytotoxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:133999. [PMID: 35182534 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) has been widely used for soil remediation and pollutant removal from environmental water. The pollutant-adsorbing BC often exerts different cytotoxicity from pollutant-free BC. However, how adsorption of multiple pollutants alters the cytotoxicity of BC and how to modulate such toxicity are still unclear. By preparing BCs from two different materials (Banana peel (BP) and corn stalk (CS)) at two pyrolysis temperatures (300 °C and 500 °C, namely BP300-BC, BP500-BC, CS300-BC, and CS500-BC, respectively), we systemically investigated factors that affect the combined cytotoxicity of pollutant-adsorbing BC in Human normal rectal mucosal cells (FHC). The reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) occurred on BC, in particular on BC prepared at 300 °C, in which larger amount of organic matters were left. The presence of Cu(II) promoted the release of Cr from BC once entering cells, which was more obvious for BC prepared at 500 °C. The changes in valence states and release rates of Cr adsorbed on BC prepared at different pyrolysis temperatures together caused reduced cytotoxicity of BP300-BC-Cr-Cu but enhanced cytotoxicity of BP500-BC-Cr-Cu, compared to the same amount of mixture of Cr(VI)-Cu(II). Our findings offer insight understanding of how pyrolysis temperature and the adsorbed multiple pollutants affect the combined cytotoxicity of BC-pollutant complex, allowing for safe applications of BC in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xin Che
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xinxin Huang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yucong Mo
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuting Wen
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jianbo Jia
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
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Huang H, Zheng Y, Wei D, Yang G, Peng X, Fan L, Luo L, Zhou Y. Efficient removal of pefloxacin from aqueous solution by acid-alkali modified sludge-based biochar: adsorption kinetics, isotherm, thermodynamics, and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:43201-43211. [PMID: 35091955 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, one kind of acid-alkali modified sludge-based biochar (ASBC) was synthesized, characterized, and employed as adsorbent for the removal of pefloxacin. The characterization results showed that the specific surface area (SSA) of ASBC (53.381 m2/g) was significantly higher than that of SBC (24.411 m2/g). ASBC had a rougher surface, larger particle distribution, lower zero point charge, and richer functional groups (e.g., C-O and O-H) than SBC. The adsorption capacity of ASBC was 1.82 times than that of SBC. After 8 adsorption cycles in reuse experiment, the adsorption capacity of ASBC for pefloxacin still reached 144.08 mg/L, indicating that ASBC has good reusability. Static experiments showed that the optimal pH value was 6.0 in the adsorption of pefloxacin on SBC and ASBC. The result of adsorption kinetics indicated that the pseudo-second-order model could describe well the adsorption process. The Freundlich model was better than the Langmuir model to describe the adsorption of pefloxacin by ASBC, indicating that the adsorption process was mainly multilayer adsorption. Thermodynamic result showed that the adsorption of pefloxacin by ASBC was spontaneous and endothermic. The removal mechanism of pefloxacin by ASBC is mainly the substitution reaction and π-π EDA interaction. In summary, acid-alkali modified biochar is an effective adsorbent for pefloxacin in aqueous solution, and has great application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Huang
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yongxin Zheng
- Yueyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yueyang, 414000, China
| | - Dongning Wei
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Xin Peng
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lingjia Fan
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lin Luo
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Porous Carbons Derived from Desiliconized Rice Husk Char and Their Applications as an Adsorbent in Multivalent Ions Recycling for Spent Battery. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8225088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has attracted increasing attentions recently on account of continuous growth demand for corresponding critical metals/materials and environmental requirement of solid waste disposal. In this work, rice husk as one of the most abundant renewable fuel materials in the world was used to prepare rice husk char (RC) and applied to recycle multivalent ions in waste water from hydrometallurgical technology dispose of spent LIBs. Rice husk char with specific surface area and abundant pores was obtained via pickling and desilication process (DPRC). The structural characterization of the obtained rice husk char and its adsorption capacity for multivalent ions in recycled batteries were studied. XRD, TEM, SEM, Raman, and BET were used for the characterization of the raw and the modified samples. The results show rice husk chars after desilication has more flourishing pore structure and larger pore size about 50–60 nm. Meanwhile, after desilication, the particle size of rice husk char decreased to 31.392 μm, and the specific surface area is about 402.10 m2/g. Its nitrogen adsorption desorption curve (BET) conforms to the type IV adsorption isotherm with H3 hysteresis ring, indicating that the prepared rice husk char is a mesoporous material. And the adsorption capacity of optimized DPRC for Ni, Co, and Mn ions is 7.00 mg/g, 4.84 mg/g, and 2.67 mg/g, respectively. It also demonstrated a good fit in the Freundlich model for DPRC-600°C, and a possible adsorption mechanism is proposed. The study indicates biochar materials have great potential as an adsorbent to recover multivalent ions from spent batteries.
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Matei E, Predescu AM, Râpă M, Țurcanu AA, Mateș I, Constantin N, Predescu C. Natural Polymers and Their Nanocomposites Used for Environmental Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12101707. [PMID: 35630932 PMCID: PMC9146209 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to bring together the main natural polymer applications for environmental remediation, as a class of nexus materials with advanced properties that offer the opportunity of integration in single or simultaneous decontamination processes. By identifying the main natural polymers derived from agro-industrial sources or monomers converted by biotechnology into sustainable polymers, the paper offers the main performances identified in the literature for: (i) the treatment of water contaminated with heavy metals and emerging pollutants such as dyes and organics, (ii) the decontamination and remediation of soils, and (iii) the reduction in the number of suspended solids of a particulate matter (PM) type in the atmosphere. Because nanotechnology offers new horizons in materials science, nanocomposite tunable polymers are also studied and presented as promising materials in the context of developing sustainable and integrated products in society to ensure quality of life. As a class of future smart materials, the natural polymers and their nanocomposites are obtained from renewable resources, which are inexpensive materials with high surface area, porosity, and high adsorption properties due to their various functional groups. The information gathered in this review paper is based on the publications in the field from the last two decades. The future perspectives of these fascinating materials should take into account the scale-up, the toxicity of nanoparticles, and the competition with food production, as well as the environmental regulations.
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61
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Wood Biochar Enhances the Valorisation of the Anaerobic Digestion of Chicken Manure. CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cleantechnol4020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the efficacy of biochar to mitigate ammonia stress and improve methane production is investigated. Chicken manure (CM) was subjected to high-solid mesophilic anaerobic digestion (15% total solid content) with wood biochar (BC). Wood biochar was further treated using HNO3 and NaOH to produce acid–alkali-treated wood biochar (TBC), with an improvement in its overall ammonium adsorption capacity and porosity. Three treatments were loaded in triplicate into the digesters, without biochar, with biochar and with acid–alkali-treated biochar and maintained at 37 °C for 110 days. The study found a significant improvement in CH4 formation kinetics via enhanced substrate degradation, leading to CH4 production of 74.7 mL g−1 VS and 70.1 mL g−1 VS by BC and TBC treatments, compared to 39.5 mL g−1 VS by control treatments on the 28th day, respectively. However, only the use of TBC was able to prolong methane production during the semi-inhibition phase. The use of TBC also resulted in the highest removal of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) of 86.3%. In addition, the treatment with TBC preserved the highest microbial biomass at day 110. The presence of TBC also resulted in an increase in electrical conductivity, possibly promoting DIET-mediated methanogenesis. Overall, the acid–alkali treatment of biochar can be a novel approach to improve biochar’s existing characteristics for its utilisation as an additive in anaerobic digestion.
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Qi X, Yin H, Zhu M, Yu X, Shao P, Dang Z. MgO-loaded nitrogen and phosphorus self-doped biochar: High-efficient adsorption of aquatic Cu 2+, Cd 2+, and Pb 2+ and its remediation efficiency on heavy metal contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133733. [PMID: 35085618 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the MgO-loaded fish scale biochar (MgO-FB) was synthesized by impregnation of MgCl2 using fish scales as precursor, and the modified biochar was applied for the adsorption of aquatic Cu2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+, and the immobilization of heavy metals in soils. The maximum adsorption capacities of MgO-FB for Cu2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ were 505.8, 327.2, and 661.2 mg/g, respectively. In addition, MgO-FB can keep the excellent adsorption capacity under various environmental disturbances including pH, humic acid, and high ionic strength. Multiple characterizations and comparative experiments have demonstrated that the hydroxyapatite components and the MgO micro-nanoparticles on MgO-FB enhanced the adsorption capacity for Cu2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ through ion-exchange and precipitation process. The metal-π electron coordination and complexation with oxygen-, nitrogen-, and phosphorus-containing groups were also responsible for the removal of heavy metal ions. Besides, MgO-FB also performed excellently for the immobilization of Cu, Cd, and Pb in soils, and the contents of available Cu, Cd, and Pb were reduced by 84.2%, 74.2%, and 53.7% respectively with the addition of MgO-FB. In general, these results show that waste fish scales co-pyrolysis with MgCl2 impregnation can be considered as a promising and efficient material for the remediation of heavy metal contaminated waters and soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hua Yin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Minghan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaolong Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, China
| | - Pengling Shao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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63
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Dang X, Yu Z, Yang M, Woo MW, Song Y, Wang X, Zhang H. Sustainable electrochemical synthesis of natural starch-based biomass adsorbent with ultrahigh adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) and dyes removal. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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64
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Wang Q, Duan CJ, Xu CY, Geng ZC. Efficient removal of Cd(II) by phosphate-modified biochars derived from apple tree branches: Processes, mechanisms, and application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 819:152876. [PMID: 34998767 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate (P)-modified biochar is a good material for cadmium (Cd) immobilization, and the pore-forming effect of potassium ions (K+) can favor the P loading on biochar. However, few studies have been done specifically on Cd(II) removal by composites of potassium phosphates with biochar, and the removal potential and mechanisms are not clear. Herein, apple tree branches, a major agricultural waste suitable for the development of porous materials, were pyrolyzed individually or together with KH2PO4, K2HPO4·3H2O, or K3PO4·3H2O to obtain biochars to remove Cd(II), denoted as pristine BC, BC-1, BC-2, and BC-3, respectively. The results showed that the orthophosphates containing more K+ enlarged the specific surface area, total pore volume and phosphorus loading of biochar. Co-pyrolysis of apple tree branches and P promoted the thermochemical transformation of P species. Only weak signal of orthophosphate was observed in the pristine BC, while the presence of orthophosphate, pyrophosphate and metaphosphate were detected in BC-1, and BC-2 and BC-3 showed the presence of orthophosphate and pyrophosphate. The maximum Cd(II) adsorption capacities of pristine BC, BC-1, BC-2 and BC-3 were 10.4, 88.5, 95.8, and 116 mg·g-1, respectively. Orthophosphate modification enhanced the Cd(II) adsorption capacity due to the formation of Cd-P-precipitates, namely Cd5(PO4)3Cl, Cd5(PO4)3OH, Cd3(PO4)2, Cd2P2O7, and Cd(PO3)2. Furthermore, higher cation exchange efficiencies between Cd(II) and K+ in P-modified biochars also contributed to their high Cd(II) adsorption capacity. Cd(II) removal by BC-3 from artificially polluted water bodies showed more than 99.98% removal rates. Application of BC-3 also reduced the diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid-extracted Cd(II) in soil by 69.1%. The co-pyrolysis of apple tree branches and potassium phosphates shows great prospect in Cd(II) wastewater/soil treatment and provide a promising solution for agricultural waste utilization and carbon sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri‑environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Cheng-Jiao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen-Yang Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri‑environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Key Laboratory for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zeng-Chao Geng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri‑environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.; Key Laboratory for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Palansooriya K, Li J, Dissanayake PD, Suvarna M, Li L, Yuan X, Sarkar B, Tsang DCW, Rinklebe J, Wang X, Ok YS. Prediction of Soil Heavy Metal Immobilization by Biochar Using Machine Learning. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:4187-4198. [PMID: 35289167 PMCID: PMC8988308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Biochar application is a promising strategy for the remediation of contaminated soil, while ensuring sustainable waste management. Biochar remediation of heavy metal (HM)-contaminated soil primarily depends on the properties of the soil, biochar, and HM. The optimum conditions for HM immobilization in biochar-amended soils are site-specific and vary among studies. Therefore, a generalized approach to predict HM immobilization efficiency in biochar-amended soils is required. This study employs machine learning (ML) approaches to predict the HM immobilization efficiency of biochar in biochar-amended soils. The nitrogen content in the biochar (0.3-25.9%) and biochar application rate (0.5-10%) were the two most significant features affecting HM immobilization. Causal analysis showed that the empirical categories for HM immobilization efficiency, in the order of importance, were biochar properties > experimental conditions > soil properties > HM properties. Therefore, this study presents new insights into the effects of biochar properties and soil properties on HM immobilization. This approach can help determine the optimum conditions for enhanced HM immobilization in biochar-amended soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumuduni
N. Palansooriya
- Korea
Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program
& Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South
Korea
| | - Jie Li
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Pavani D. Dissanayake
- Korea
Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program
& Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South
Korea
- Soils and
Plant Nutrition Division, Coconut Research
Institute, Lunuwila 61150, Sri Lanka
| | - Manu Suvarna
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Lanyu Li
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Xiangzhou Yuan
- Korea
Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program
& Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South
Korea
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster
Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel C. W. Tsang
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- School
of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering,
Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
- Department
of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98
Gunja-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea
Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program
& Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South
Korea
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66
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Liu Z, Wang Q, Huang X, Qian X. Surface Functionalization of Graphene Oxide with Hyperbranched Polyamide-Amine and Microcrystalline Cellulose for Efficient Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:10944-10954. [PMID: 35415369 PMCID: PMC8991912 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO)-based adsorbents have received attention in the removal of heavy metal ions in wastewater due to its large specific surface area and oxygen-containing functional groups, which can enhance the interaction between GO and heavy metal ions. Many researchers are seeking economical and effective strategies to further improve the adsorption capacity of GO. In this study, hyperbranched polymers and cellulose were used to surface functionalize GO for the efficient adsorption of heavy metal ions. First, hyperbranched polyamide-amine (HPAMAM) functionalized GO was fabricated by the formation of an amide bond between the carboxyl group of GO and the amino group of HPAMAM, increasing the active groups on the GO surface and enhancing the affinity with heavy metal ions. Then, dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) obtained through the oxidation of microcrystalline cellulose was grafted onto GO/HPAMAM by forming a Schiff-based structure between the amino group of HPAMAM and aldehyde group of DAC. Interestingly, DAC formed micro/nano bumps on GO, which was beneficial to increase the hydroxyl number and contact area with heavy metal ions. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results confirmed the successful synthesis of GO/HPAMAM/DAC. The obtained GO/HPAMAM/DAC adsorbent exhibited strong adsorption capacity and good cycle stability for heavy metal ions. The maximum adsorption capacities of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II) were 680.3, 418.4, and 280.1 mg/g at 298 K, which were better than those of most adsorbents reported. A pseudo-second-order kinetic model could well-describe the Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II) adsorption onto GO/HPAMAM/DAC, and the equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorption of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II) was mainly attributed to the chelation or complexation of nitrogen- and oxygen-containing groups on the GO/HAPAMAM/DAC adsorbent. This study may provide a novel strategy for improving the adsorption performance of GO with hyperbranched polymers and cellulose.
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67
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Wang F, Wu P, Shu L, Huang D, Liu H. High-efficiency adsorption of Cd(II) and Co(II) by ethylenediaminetetraacetic dianhydride-modified orange peel as a novel synthesized adsorbent. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:25748-25758. [PMID: 34846656 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17501-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of heavy metal (HM) wastewater is a critical and considerable challenge. Fruit peel-based HM adsorption is a promising way for the water pollution control and the reuse of agricultural waste. In this study, a novel adsorbent based on orange peel was synthesized for the first time by introducing abundant -COO groups with ethylenediaminetetraacetic dianhydride (EDTAD) to eliminate Cd(II) and Co(II) of sewage solution. The synthesized adsorbent displayed excellent adsorption capacity of 51.020 and 40.486 mg/g for Cd(II) and Co(II), respectively, and the adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 5 min, following the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order model. Surface characterization of adsorbents by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed that ion exchange, complexation, and physical adsorption could occur during the adsorption process. The rapid and highly efficient adsorption performance suggests EDTAD-modified synthesized orange peel possesses great potential for HM removal from sewage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Lin Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Di Huang
- TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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68
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Dinh VC, Hou CH, Dao TN. O, N-doped porous biochar by air oxidation for enhancing heavy metal removal: The role of O, N functional groups. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133622. [PMID: 35033519 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen- and nitrogen-doped porous oxidized biochar (O,N-doped OBC) was fabricated in this study. Biochar (BC) can be enriched in surface functional groups (O and N) and the porosity can be improved by a simple, convenient and green procedure. BC was oxidized at 200 °C in an air atmosphere with quality control via oxidation time changes. As the oxidation time increased, the O and N contents and porosity of the materials improved. After 1.5 h of oxidation, the O and N contents of O,N-doped OBC-1.5 were 54.4% and 3.9%, higher than those of BC, which were 33.4% and 1.8%, respectively. The specific surface area and pore volume of O,N-doped OBC-1.5 were 88.5 m2 g-1 and 0.07 cm3 g-1, respectively, which were greater than those of BC. The improved surface functionality and porosity resulted in an increased heavy metal removal efficiency. As a result, the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu(II) by O,N-doped OBC was 23.32 mg L-1, which was twofold higher than that of pristine BC. Additionally, for a multiple ion solution, O,N-doped OBC-1.5 showed a greater adsorption behavior toward Cu(II) than Zn(II) and Ni(II). In a batch experiment, the concentration of Cu(II) decreased 92.3% after 90 min. In a filtration experiment, the O,N-doped OBC-based filter achieved a Cu(II) removal capacity of 12.90 mg g-1 and breakthrough time after 250 min. Importantly, the chemical mechanism was mainly governed by monolayer adsorption of Cu(II) onto a homogeneous surface of O,N-doped OBC-1.5. Surface complexation and electrostatic attraction were considered to be the chemical mechanisms governing the adsorption process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viet Cuong Dinh
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam.
| | - Chia-Hung Hou
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4. Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Research Center for Future Earth, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4. Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Thuy Ninh Dao
- Faculty of Economics and Construction Management, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
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69
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Zhang P, Duan W, Peng H, Pan B, Xing B. Functional Biochar and Its Balanced Design. ACS ENVIRONMENTAL AU 2022; 2:115-127. [PMID: 37101585 PMCID: PMC10114722 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.1c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has attracted increasing research attention. Various modification methods have been proposed to enhance a certain biochar function. However, these modifications may also result in an unstable structure, additional energy consumption, secondary pollution, and/or extra cost. Balanced consideration of different aspects will ensure the sustainable development of biochar technology. This review first summarizes the most commonly used methods for biochar modification. These methods are categorized according to the purposes of modification, such as surface area enlargement, persistent free radical manipulation, magnetism introduction, and redox potential enhancement. More importantly, a systematic analysis and discussion are provided regarding the balanced consideration of biochar designs, such as the balance between effectiveness and stability, functions and risks, as well as effectiveness and cost. Then, perspectives regarding biochar modification are presented. This review calls for attention that biochar modifications should not be evaluated for their functions only. A balanced design of biochars will ensure both the practicability and the effectiveness of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wenyan Duan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Hongbo Peng
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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70
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Zhao F, Shan R, Gu J, Zhang Y, Yuan H, Chen Y. Magnetically Recyclable Loofah Biochar by KMnO 4 Modification for Adsorption of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solutions. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:8844-8853. [PMID: 35309443 PMCID: PMC8928512 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Novel KMnO4-modified loofah biochar loaded with nano-Fe2O3 (FMLB) was successfully synthesized for Cu(II) adsorption. Nitrogen adsorption method, scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and other characterization measurements were used to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of FMLB and nano-Fe2O3-loaded biochar (FLB). The results show that the adsorption behavior of Cu(II) can be best fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model, indicating that the surface of FMLB was composed of homogeneous adsorption, and chemical adsorption dominated the adsorption process under optimal reaction conditions. The adsorption capacity of FMLB is improved by 42.86% compared to FLB, and it remained over 75% after four cycles. The inner-sphere complexes with manganese oxide (MnO x ) and oxygen-containing functional groups, as well as electrostatic interaction, physical adsorption, and ion exchange, play important roles in Cu(II) adsorption. The saturation magnetization of FMLB was 10.41 emu/g, ensuring that it can be easily separated from aqueous solutions. Therefore, magnetically recyclable biochar modified by KMnO4 is a feasible method for Cu(II) adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiao Zhao
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Southern
Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and
Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Shan
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Southern
Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and
Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jing Gu
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Southern
Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and
Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuyuan Zhang
- College
of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Haoran Yuan
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Southern
Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and
Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Southern
Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and
Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
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71
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Ma J, Zhang M, Zhang H, Wang Y, Li F, Hu N, Dai Z, Ding Y, Ding D. Efficient removal of U(VI) in acidic environment with spent coffee grounds derived hydrogel. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:127786. [PMID: 34810005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, humic-like substances (HLSs) was extracted from spent coffee grounds (SCGs), and it together with poly acrylic acid (PAA), was used for the first time to synthesize hydrogel material, namely HLSs/PAA gel, by one-step radical polymerization. Its maximum theoretical sorption capacity toward U(VI) at pH 3.00 was 661.01 mg/g, and it could decrease the concentration of U(VI) in acidic actual groundwater from 0.2537 to 0.0003 mg/L, showing that the gel had excellent U(VI) removal efficiency in acidic environment. The SEM characterization of HLSs/PAA gel showed that its macroporous network structure maintained well after the sorption process, indicating that the gel had excellent acid-resistant property. Moreover, the gel exhibited excellent anti-interference performance in the interfering ions effect experiment. The gel integrates the merits of excellent U(VI) sorption properties, stability and anti-interference performance in acidic environment, and has promising application prospects in the remediation of acidic uranium wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Ma
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Resources, Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Yongdong Wang
- School of Resources, Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Feng Li
- School of Resources, Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zhongran Dai
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Yang Ding
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Dexin Ding
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
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Yan J, Zuo X, Yang S, Chen R, Cai T, Ding D. Evaluation of potassium ferrate activated biochar for the simultaneous adsorption of copper and sulfadiazine: Competitive versus synergistic. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127435. [PMID: 34638070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Combined pollution caused by organic pollutants and heavy metals pose a significant challenge to the adsorption process. In this study, iron-modified biochar (Fe-BC) was prepared by using ferrate (K2FeO4) and wheat stalk as the precursors for the adsorption of copper (Cu2+) and sulfadiazine (SDZ), especially under combined pollution scenarios. Iron modification not only enlarged the surface area but also loaded iron oxide nanoparticles on biochar surface. Accordingly, Fe-BC exhibited better adsorption capability of Cu2+ and SDZ than the pristine biochar (BC). The corresponding maximum adsorption capacities of Fe-BC700 were 46.85 mg g-1 and 45.43 mg g-1 towards Cu2+ and SDZ, respectively. Interestingly, the adsorption was elevated in binary-pollutants system, suggesting a synergistic effect, which was probably attributed to the mutual bridging effects and complexation between Cu2+ and SDZ. The loaded iron oxide particles could serve as a physical barrier to separate the adsorptions of Cu2+ and SDZ and thus inhibited the competitive adsorption. Meanwhile, theoretical calculation demonstrated that sulfonamide group was the most probable binding site. Columns packed with Fe-BC700 showed better performances for Cu2+ and SDZ removal in binary system (635.73 BV for Cu2+ and 4846.26 BV for SDZ) than in single systems (571.60 BV for Cu2+ and 3572.06 BV for SDZ), which was consistent with batch adsorption experiments. These results demonstrated the potential application of Fe-BC700 for simultaneous adsorption of Cu2+ and SDZ and provided a cost-effective way for the remediation of organic and inorganic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieru Yan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zuo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shengjiong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Rongzhi Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Tianming Cai
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dahu Ding
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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73
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Zhao X, Wang H, Zhang G, Pei W, Xu Y, Li B. Characteristics of Cu(II)-modified aerobic granular sludge biocarbon in removal of doxycycline hydroxide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:14019-14035. [PMID: 34599713 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16547-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the biocarbon derived from aerobic granular sludge with different nutritive proportions was modified by Cu(NO3)2•3H2O (Cu-BC) to improve its adsorption capacity of doxycycline hydrochloride (DOX). The surface area, pores, functional groups, and element composition of biocarbon were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), the X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), respectively. Effects of DOX concentration, initial pH, and background electrolyte on adsorption effects of composite were analyzed. Furthermore, the adsorption kinetics, isotherm, thermodynamics, and diffusion model were investigated. Results demonstrated that biocarbons which were prepared with aerobic granular sludge under different nutritive proportions presented different performances. The BET specific surface area of Cu-NaAC/AGS-BC was 260.1592 m2/g, and the micropore volume was 0.054101 cm3/g. The BET specific surface area of Cu-GLC /AGS-BC was only 10.6821 m2/g, and the micropore volume was 0.008687 cm3/g. Both kinds of modified biochar contain a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups. The highest adsorption efficiency of Cu-BC could reach 99.54%. The adsorption of DOX on two modified biocarbons conforms to the pseudo-second-order dynamic model and Temkin isothermal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhao
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Guozhen Zhang
- Gansu Environmental Monitoring Center, Gansu Department of Ecology and Environment, Gansu, 730050, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weina Pei
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Yumin Xu
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Bowen Li
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
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Long R, Yu Z, Shan M, Feng X, Zhu X, Li X, Wang P. The easy-recoverable 3D Ni/Fe-LDH-SA gel ball encapsulated by sodium alginate is used to remove Ni2+ and Cu2+ in water samples. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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75
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Yan Y, Chu Y, Khan MA, Xia M, Shi M, Zhu S, Lei W, Wang F. Facile immobilization of ethylenediamine tetramethylene-phosphonic acid into UiO-66 for toxic divalent heavy metal ions removal: An experimental and theoretical exploration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150652. [PMID: 34610397 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
By the facile immobilization of ethylenediamine tetramethylene-phosphonic acid (EDTMPA) onto the surface and into the defects of UiO-66, a stable and efficient adsorbent named UiO-66-EDTMPA was obtained for the first time. In terms of removing aqueous heavy metal ions (Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+), the maximum adsorption capacities of UiO-66-EDTMPA reached 558.67, 271.34 and 210.89 mg/g, which were 8.77 (Pb2+), 5.63 (Cd2+) and 5.19 (Cu2+) times higher than raw UiO-66 respectively. The adsorption behavior of three heavy metal ions on UiO-66 and UiO-66-EDTMPA were investigated and compared through batch control experiments and theoretical studies. The main factors on adsorption progress (i.e., the dosage of EDTMPA, pH, ionic strength, co-existing ions, initial concentration, contact time, temperature) were explored, and the critical characterization (i.e., SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, TG-DTG, XPS, N2 adsorption-desorption test) were performed. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation (radial distribution functions (RDF) and mean square displacement (MSD)) were also applied to reveal the adsorption behavior. Besides, two new quantum chemical analyses (Hirshfeld surface and independent gradient model (IGM)) were introduced into the interaction analysis between UiO-66 and EDTMPA. The complete results showed that (1) where the hydrogen bond and (vdW) connect EDTMPA to UiO-66. (2) The coordination between O, N atoms of EDTMPA and heavy metal ions (Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+) resulted in spontaneous adsorption. (3) The adsorption behavior agreed with Langmuir and pseudo-second-order model, endothermic reaction. In addition, the desorption and reusability study showed promising stable and sustainable performance. This work has some guiding significance for the experimental and theoretical study of removing heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions by MOF or modified MOF materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghao Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yuting Chu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224000, China
| | | | - Mingzhu Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Mingxing Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Sidi Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Wu Lei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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Kumar A, Singh E, Mishra R, Kumar S. Biochar as environmental armour and its diverse role towards protecting soil, water and air. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150444. [PMID: 34571227 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been of considerable importance for various environmental applications in recent years. It has exhibited substantial advantages like favourable structural and surface properties, easy process of preparation and widely available feedstocks. These set of exceptional properties make it an efficient, cost-effective and environment friendly source for diversified elimination of pollutants. The heterogeneity of physico-chemical properties offers a possibility for biochar to optimize its efficacy for targeted applications. This review aims to highlight the critical role that biochar plays in various environmental applications, be it in soil, water or air. In particular the article offers a comprehensive review of the recent research findings and updates related to the diversified role of biochar. Also, the interaction of pollutants with biochar functional groups and the impact of variation of parameters on biochar attribute relevant to specific pollutant removal, modifications, mechanisms involved and competence for such removal has been discussed. Different technologies for production of biochar have also been summarized with an emphasis on post treatment of biochar, such as modification and doping. In addition to this, the underlying gaps in the studies carried out so far and recommendations for future research areas in biochar have also been deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Ekta Singh
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Rahul Mishra
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- United Nations University, Institute for Integrated Management of Material Fluxes and of Resources (UNUFLORES) Ammonstrasse 74, 01067, Dresden, Germany.
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77
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Adsorption Characteristics of Chitosan-Modified Bamboo Biochar in Cd(II) Contaminated Water. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/6303252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to fabricate a low-cost and eco-friendly adsorbent using bamboo biochar (BB), a kind of charcoal composed of high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area and variety of functional groups, and chitosan as substrates for remediation of Cd(II) in Cd(II) contaminated water and characterized the functional group characteristics, surface morphology, and Cd(II) adsorption effect using the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). Results showed that chitosan-modified bamboo biochar (CBB) provided more active adsorption sites (such as –NH2, –COOH, –OH, and C=O) on the surface to enhance the Cd(II) removal efficiency in Cd(II) contaminated wastewater. Meanwhile, the optimal pH, contact time, and dose of CBB on the Cd(II) removal efficiency are 7, 120 min, and 600 mg, respectively. In addition, the adsorption isotherm results revealed that the possible adsorption mechanisms might include surface adsorption, electrostatic adsorption, and ion exchanges. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) values predicted from the Langmuir model were 37.74 and 93.46 mg/g for BB and CBB, respectively, also indicating a potential application of CBB in practical wastewater. Desorption and regeneration of CBB were attained simultaneously and the results showed that even after five cycles of adsorption-elution, the adsorption and desorption of CBB exhibited a slight decline and still reached at 71.70% and 65.92%. Results from this study would provide a reference to functionalized CBB for Cd(II) adsorption in contaminated water.
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78
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Zeng Q, Pang X, Li K. Kinetics of low radioactive wastewater imbibition and radionuclides sorption in partially saturated ternary-binder mortar. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126897. [PMID: 34419840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study seeks to assess the imbibition kinetics of low radioactive wastewater (from the DayaBay nuclear power plant) into a partially saturated ternary-binder mortar, as well as the sorption kinetics of 60Co and 137Cs from the water. Mortar samples with the initial saturation degrees of 0, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 were prepared for the wastewater treatment. Pore structure of the mortar was characterized using water vapor sorption isotherm and mercury intrusion porosimetry tests interpreted by the Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer isothermal equilibrium, and volume- and energy-based fractal models. Results show that the mortar has consistent fractal pore structure between the models, and the liquid imbibitions follow the fractal imbibition kinetics, in which the parameters are non-linearly impacted by the initial saturation degrees. The sorption rate and retention capacity of 137Cs are much lower than those of 60Co, and both follow the Brouers-Sotolongo fractional kinetics. The findings uncover the complex liquid imbibition and radionuclides sorption kinetics in cement-based porous materials, and the in-situ data would contribute to the material designs and sorption controls for large scale in-situ treatments of wastewater from nuclear power plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zeng
- Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, PR China; College of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyun Pang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, PR China
| | - Kefei Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, PR China.
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79
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Han B, Weatherley AJ, Mumford K, Bolan N, He JZ, Stevens GW, Chen D. Modification of naturally abundant resources for remediation of potentially toxic elements: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126755. [PMID: 34364213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water and soil contamination due to potentially toxic elements (PTEs) represents a critical threat to the global ecosystem and human health. Naturally abundant resources have significant advantages as adsorbent materials for environmental remediation over manufactured materials such as nanostructured materials and activated carbons. These advantages include cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, sustainability, and nontoxicity. In this review, we firstly compare the characteristics of representative adsorbent materials including bentonite, zeolite, biochar, biomass, and effective modification methods that are frequently used to enhance their adsorption capacity and kinetics. Following this, the adsorption pathways and sites are outlined at an atomic level, and an in-depth understanding of the structure-property relationships are provided based on surface functional groups. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of some emerging naturally abundant resources such as lignite are examined. Although both unamended and modified naturally abundant resources face challenges associated with their adsorption performance, cost performance, energy consumption, and secondary pollution, these can be tackled by using advanced techniques such as tailored modification, formulated mixing and reorganization of these materials. Recent studies on adsorbent materials provide a strong foundation for the remediation of PTEs in soil and water. We speculate that the pursuit of effective modification strategies will generate remediation processes of PTEs better suited to a wider variety of practical application conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China.
| | - Anthony J Weatherley
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Kathryn Mumford
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ji-Zheng He
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Geoffrey W Stevens
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Deli Chen
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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80
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Abd El-Azeem SAM. Wastewater Treatment Using Biochar Technology. THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2022:35-61. [DOI: 10.1007/698_2022_881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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81
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Niu HY, Li X, Li J. Dithiocarbamate modification of activated carbon for the efficient removal of Pb( ii), Cd( ii), and Cu( ii) from wastewater. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05293d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Proposed adsorption mechanisms: ion exchange and chelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Yuan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xueting Li
- College of Environmental Science Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Jishan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
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82
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Lin S, Yang X, Liu L, Li A, Qiu G. Electrosorption of cadmium and arsenic from wastewaters using nitrogen-doped biochar: Mechanism and application. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 301:113921. [PMID: 34731946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been widely applied as an adsorbent, whose electrochemical capacity and heavy metal adsorption performance can be improved by nitrogen doping. In this work, nitrogen-doped biochar (NBC) was synthesized by calcinating sodium humate with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and urea as the activation agent and nitrogen source, respectively. The NBC was then used to electrochemically adsorb Cd(II) and As(III,V) from simulated and actual wastewaters, respectively. The results indicated that NaHCO3 activation and nitrogen doping could increase the surface area and nitrogen content of the biochar, contributing to the enhancement of adsorption performance for Cd(II) and As(III,V). The electrosorption capacities for Cd(II) and total arsenic (As(T)) increased first and then reached equilibrium with increasing nitrogen content, increased first and then decreased with increasing calcination temperature, and consistently increased with increasing voltage. The Cd(II) electrosorption capacity (79.0 mg g-1) and As(T) removal ratio (94.0%) at 1.2 V in actual As-contaminated wastewater (1.16 mg L-1) were about 4 and 2.6 folds of their inorganic adsorption capacities, respectively. After five cycles of reuse, the Cd(II) and As(T) removal ratio could be maintained at 65.8% and 51.7% of the initial electrosorption capacity. This work expands the application of NBC for heavy metal removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lihu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Anyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guohong Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.
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83
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Highly efficient removal of U(VI) in aqueous solutions by tea waste-derived biochar-supported iron-manganese oxide composite. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07981-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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84
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Queiroga LN, Nunes Filho FG, França D, Rodrigues F, Jaber M, Fonseca MG. Aminopropyl bentonites obtained by microwave-assisted silylation for copper removal. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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85
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Islam MS, Magid ASIA, Chen Y, Weng L, Arafat MY, Khan ZH, Ma J, Li Y. Arsenic and cadmium load in rice tissues cultivated in calcium enriched biochar amended paddy soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131102. [PMID: 34146872 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) are unnecessary metal(loids) toxic at high concentration to plants and humans, hence lessening their rice grain accumulation is crucial for food security and human healthiness. Charred eggshell (EB), corncob biochar (CB), and eggshell-corncob biochar (ECB) were produced and amended to As and Cd co-polluted paddy soil at 1% and 2% application rates to alleviate the metal(loids) contents in rice grains using pot experiments. All the amendments increased paddy yields at 1%, while EB at 2% significantly reduced the yields compared to untreated control. The resulting yield loss in 2%EB was from the combined effects of its high CaCO3 supplementation, and the increment of rhizosphere soil pH which could insolubilize plant nutrients. The amendments were inefficient in decreasing rice grain As (AsGrain), but all the treatments significantly reduced the rice grain Cd (CdGrain) at both 1% (44.4-77.1%) and 2% (79.8-91.5%) application rates compared to that of control. Regression analysis for contribution weights of control factors revealed that rhizosphere soil Eh and pH were vital influential factors regulating the AsGrain, whereas porewater Cd was main factor controlling CdGrain accumulation. These investigations indicated that the Ca-enriched eggshell-corncob biochar even at high application rate (i.e., 2%ECB) could be a potential tactic for grain accumulation remediation of the cationic pollutant (i.e., Cd) from the paddy soil to rice grain scheme with concurrent increase in rice yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafiqul Islam
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Abdoul Salam Issiaka Abdoul Magid
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yali Chen
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin, 300191, PR China.
| | - Liping Weng
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Department of Soil Quality, Wageningen University, 6700 AA, Wageningen, Netherlands.
| | - Md Yasir Arafat
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zulqarnain Haider Khan
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin, 300191, PR China; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin, 300191, PR China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, PR China
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86
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Single and Binary Adsorption Behaviour and Mechanisms of Cd2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+ onto Modified Biochar in Aqueous Solutions. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9101829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The chitosan–EDTA modified magnetic biochar (E–CMBC) was successfully used as a novel adsorbent to remove heavy metals. The adsorption behaviour and mechanisms of E–CMBC to Cd2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+ were performed in single and binary system in aqueous solutions. In single–metal system, the adsorption process of Cd2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+ on E–CMBC fitted well with the Avrami fractional–order kinetics model and the Langmuir isotherm model. The measured maximum adsorption capacities were 61.08 mg g−1, 48.36 mg g−1 and 41.17 mg g−1 for Cd2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+, respectively. In binary–metal system, coexisting ions have obvious competitive adsorption behaviour on E–CMBC when the concentration of heavy meal beyond 20 mg L−1. The maximum adsorption capacities of the heavy metals were found to be lower than that in single–metal system. The order of the competitive adsorption ability was Cu2+ > Ni2+ > Cd2+. Interestingly, in Cd2+–Cu2+ system the earlier adsorbed Cd2+ could be completely replaced by Cu2+ from the solution. Different competitive adsorption ability of those heavy metal were due to the characteristics of heavy metal and resultant affinity of the adsorption sites on E–CMBC. The adsorption mechanism indicated that chemical adsorption played a dominating role. Therefore, E–CMBC could be a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment.
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87
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Wang M, Liu J, Peng L, Tian S, Yang C, Xu G, Wang D, Jiang T. Estimation of the biogeochemical reactivities of dissolved organic matter from modified biochars using color. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:147974. [PMID: 34380277 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Modified biochar is widely used as a soil amendment in agricultural systems to improve crop yields and remove environmental pollutants. The water-soluble fraction of biochar, called biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (DOMBC), is the most active biochar component. However, the correlation between the optical properties of DOMBC and its biogeochemical activity remain unclear. In this study, one biochar and six modified derivatives were used to extract DOMBC and characterize its optical properties. The biogeochemical reactivities of DOMBC were determined using biodegradation, photodegradation, and electron-donating capacity assays. The results show that modification changes the biochar characteristics, leading to a variety of DOMBC properties. The DOMBC from modified biochars degrades more rapidly than the original biochar. On the other hand, modification reduces the redox functional groups in DOMBC, resulting in a lower electron-donating capacity of DOM samples. However, the modifications did not seem to affect photodegradation. Not all spectral parameters provide information about the correlations between the DOMBC properties and biogeochemical reactivity. However, two fundamental properties, that is, the specific UV absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA254, showing aromaticity) and spectral slopes over the ranges of 275-295 nm of the UV absorbance (S275-295, showing molecular weight), are the dominant factors affecting the biodegradation and electron-donating capacities of DOMBC. In this study, a rapid and straightforward method is presented, which can be used to characterize DOMBC and predict the reactivity of biochar that is used as an environmental amendment to minimize toxic organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Wang
- State Cultivation Base of Eco-Agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Luo Peng
- State Cultivation Base of Eco-Agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shanyi Tian
- Soil Ecology Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Caiyun Yang
- Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Guomin Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials, Guiyang 550014, China; Guizhou Material Industrial Technology Institute, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Dingyong Wang
- State Cultivation Base of Eco-Agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- State Cultivation Base of Eco-Agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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88
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Ahmed W, Mehmood S, Núñez-Delgado A, Ali S, Qaswar M, Shakoor A, Maitlo AA, Chen DY. Adsorption of arsenic (III) from aqueous solution by a novel phosphorus-modified biochar obtained from Taraxacum mongolicum Hand-Mazz: Adsorption behavior and mechanistic analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 292:112764. [PMID: 33984639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel phosphorus (P) modified biochar (PLBC) was produced by pyrolyzing biomass of the dietic herb Taraxacum mongolicum Hand-Mazz (TMHM) and treating it with monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4). This phosphorous loaded biochar was then assessed as adsorbent for As(III) removal from contaminated water. In the current research, the adsorbent was characterized before and after P loading by means of SEM-EDX, TEM, FTIR and XRD techniques. It was evidenced that the presence of P on the surface of the biochar (BC) could improve its efficiency to remove As(III) from contaminated environments. Adsorption kinetics were evaluated by performing batch-type experiments at varied times and pH values (5, 7 and 9). The kinetic study revealed that a contact time of 24 h was required to attain equilibrium and the experimental data were best fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (qe = 17.1 mg g-1). In addition, several batch experiments were conducted with varied arsenic concentrations. During the adsorption tests, the maximum adsorption of As(III) was found at pH 5. The adsorption study further showed that compared to BC, PLBC depicted increased removal of As(III) from contaminated solutions. The adsorption experimental data showed the best fit to the Langmuir isotherm model (with R2 = 0.84), with maximum As(III) adsorption capacity reaching 30.76 mg g-1 for PLBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Ahmed
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Sajid Mehmood
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Avelino Núñez-Delgado
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Engineering Polytechnic School, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Sehrish Ali
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Muhammad Qaswar
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Awais Shakoor
- Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ali Akbar Maitlo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Soil Fertility Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Tandojam, 70060, Department of Agriculture, Government of Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Di-Yun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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89
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Zhao D, Shen Z, Shen X. Dual-functional calcium alginate hydrogel beads for disinfection control and removal of dyes in water. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:253-262. [PMID: 34352322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
For the decontamination of both pathogenic microorganism and toxic dye from wastewater, new type of materials should be exploited to fabricate more cost-effective, eco-friendly biosorbent. Herein, a promising hydrogel beads based on the incorporation of nano‑silver/diatomite into calcium alginate (named as Ag-DE@CAH) was designed to disinfect water and remove methylene blue (MB). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), etc. were utilized for characterization analysis. Compared with nano‑silver/diatomite (Ag-DE), the novel Ag-DE@CAH beads displayed a better sustained release profile for Ag+, and it noteworthy that the concentration of Ag+ in aqueous media is below the limit of the World Health Organization (WHO) standard (100 ppb) for a 30-days release experiment. It was found that Ag-DE@CAH beads exhibited better disinfection ability towards Escherichia coli (E. coli) than Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and the maximum adsorption capacities of Ag-DE@CAH for MB was 128.21 mg/g. In addition, the as-prepared Ag-DE@CAH beads showed superior and reusable performance in the process of adsorption experiments for MB. Overall, the study indicates that the materials with both excellent disinfection and adsorption properties have potential application prospects for water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianjia Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Zhi Shen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China.
| | - Xizhou Shen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China.
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90
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Zhou W, Liu G, Yang B, Ji Q, Xiang W, He H, Xu Z, Qi C, Li S, Yang S, Xu C. Review on application of perylene diimide (PDI)-based materials in environment: Pollutant detection and degradation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146483. [PMID: 33773344 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environment pollution is getting serious and various poisonous contaminants with chemical durability, biotoxicity and bioaccumulation have been widespreadly discovered in municipal wastewaters and surface water. The detection and removal of pollutants show great significance for the protection of human health and other organisms. Due to its distinctive physical and chemical properties, perylene diimide (PDI) has received widespread attention from different research fields, especially in the area of environment. In this review, a comprehensive summary of the development of PDI-based materials in fluorescence detection and advanced oxidation technology for environment was introduced. Firstly, we chiefly presented the recent progress about the synthesis of PDI and PDI-based nanomaterials. Then, their application in fluorescence detection for environment was presented and categorized, principally including the detection of heavy metal ions, harmful anions and organic contaminants in the environment. In addition, the application of PDI and PDI-based materials in different advanced oxidation technologies for environment, such as photocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis, Fenton and Fenton-like reaction and persulfate activation, was also summarized. At last, the challenges and future prospects of PDI-based materials in environmental applications were discussed. This review focuses on presenting the practical applications of PDI and PDI-based materials as fluorescent probes or catalysts (especially photocatalysts) in the detection of hazardous substances or catalytic elimination of organic contaminants. The contents are aimed at supplying the researchers with a deeper understanding of PDI and PDI-based materials and encouraging their further development in environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China; School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China
| | - Guo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, PR China
| | - Bing Yang
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Qiuyi Ji
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Weiming Xiang
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zhe Xu
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Chengdu Qi
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shaogui Yang
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Chenmin Xu
- School of Environment, Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-Remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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91
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Liu Q, Zang GL, Zhao Q. Removal of copper ions by functionalized biochar based on a multicomponent Ugi reaction. RSC Adv 2021; 11:25880-25891. [PMID: 35479469 PMCID: PMC9037108 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04156h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper is widely present in the natural environment and inevitably poses a risk to both human health and the natural environment. Biochar is an inexpensive, clean and sustainable sorbent material that can be used as a resource for copper removal, and there is interest in new ways to chemically treat biochar to tune its unique properties and modify its atomic structure. In this study, biochar was oxidized, and then polyethyleneimine (PEI) modified chitosan and carboxylated biochar were economically compounded through a multicomponent Ugi reaction to effectively remove Cu(ii). PEI enhances the adsorption of Cu(ii) within an optimum solution pH range of 3.5–5.5. The adsorption process follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. When the dosage of BC-NH2 was 4 g L−1 and the temperature was 303 K, the maximum adsorption capacity calculated by the Langmuir model was 26.67 mg g−1. The adsorption process of Cu(ii) on BC-NH2 was heat-trapping and spontaneous. BC-NH2 showed good selectivity for K+ and Mg2+, and BC-NH2 desorbed by NaOH showed better adsorption performance than H2SO4 in the adsorption–desorption cycle. Characterization by SEM, EDS, BET, FTIR, TGA and XPS showed successful coupling and that the amide group of BC-NH2 had chelated with Cu(ii). This atomically economical multicomponent Ugi reaction provides a new option for preparing composite materials that effectively remove heavy metals. Polyethyleneimine-modified chitosan and carboxylated biochar were economically compounded by a multicomponent Ugi reaction to produce products rich in amide functional groups.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Guo-Long Zang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Quan Zhao
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China
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92
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Gado M, Rashad M, Kassab W, Badran M. Highly Developed Surface Area Thiosemicarbazide Biochar Derived from Aloe Vera for Efficient Adsorption of Uranium. RADIOCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1066362221030139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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93
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Non-thermal plasma enhances performances of biochar in wastewater treatment and energy storage applications. Front Chem Sci Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-021-2070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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94
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Lu Z, Zhang H, Shahab A, Zhang K, Zeng H, Bacha AUR, Nabi I, Ullah H. Comparative study on characterization and adsorption properties of phosphoric acid activated biochar and nitrogen-containing modified biochar employing Eucalyptus as a precursor. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2021; 303:127046. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
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95
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Ahmed W, Mehmood S, Núñez-Delgado A, Ali S, Qaswar M, Khan ZH, Ying H, Chen DY. Utilization of Citrullus lanatus L. seeds to synthesize a novel MnFe 2O 4-biochar adsorbent for the removal of U(VI) from wastewater: Insights and comparison between modified and raw biochar. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 771:144955. [PMID: 33736137 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.144955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Uranium (U) is a radioactive and highly toxic metal. Its excessive concentrations in the aqueous environments may result in severe and irreversible damage. To fight this hazard, a raw biochar was prepared from Citrullus lanatus L. seeds, then characterized and compared with a MnFe2O4 modified biochar, both tested for U(VI) adsorption from wastewater, which was assayed for the first time in this study. The characterization of the adsorbent materials was performed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) with elemental mapping, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The effects of solution pH, concentration of sorbate and sorbents, temperature, time and ionic strength were assessed as regards their influence on U(VI) adsorption. The experimental adsorption data showed good fit to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model (reaching a value of qe = 15.12 mg g-1, R2 = 0.96 at equilibrium), and to the Langmuir isotherm (achieving a maximum score of qmax = 27.61 mg g-1, R2 = 0.96). The maximum adsorption capacity was found at 318 K. The results of the study indicate that the binding of negatively charged functional groups (carbonyls, hydroxyls, and some carboxylic groups) with MnFe2O4 significantly enhanced U(VI) adsorption. In view of the overall results, it can be concluded that the MnFe2O4 modification of the Citrullus lanatus L. seeds biochar could give an efficient alternative adsorbent for U(VI) removal in a variety of environmental conditions, simultaneously promoting resource utilization and good sustainable management of the materials studied, aiding to protect the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Ahmed
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sajid Mehmood
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Avelino Núñez-Delgado
- Dept. Soil Sci. and Agric. Chem., Engineering Polytech. School, Campus Univ. Lugo, Univ. Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sehrish Ali
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Muhammad Qaswar
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zulqarnain Haider Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Huang Ying
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Di-Yun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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96
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Lian F, Zhang Y, Gu S, Han Y, Cao X, Wang Z, Xing B. Photochemical Transformation and Catalytic Activity of Dissolved Black Nitrogen Released from Environmental Black Carbon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:6476-6484. [PMID: 33844909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biomass combustion results in the formation and wide distribution of black carbon (BC) in soils, wherein the dissolved fractions are among the most active components. Although the presence of dissolved black nitrogen (DBN) in BC has been identified, its environmental behavior and implication are not understood. This study investigated the photochemical transformation and catalytic activity of DBN under simulated solar irradiation. DBN is more easily transformed than dissolved BC due to its photoactive heteroaromatic N structure, and the half-life of DBN produced at 500 °C (8.6 h) is two times shorter than that of the dissolved BC counterpart (23 h). Meanwhile, solar irradiation is favorable for the homoaggregation of DBN. During irradiation, DBN generates not only reactive oxygen species (e.g., 1O2, O2-, and •OH) but also reactive nitrogen species (mainly •ON), which account for its higher photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A than dissolved BC. These findings shed new light on the impact of heteroatoms on the phototransformation and activity of BC as well as cycling of N in terrestrial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lian
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yikang Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shiguo Gu
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yaru Han
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xuesong Cao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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97
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Metal selectivity and effects of co-existing ions on the removal of Cd, Cu, Ni, and Cr by ZIF-8-EGCG nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 589:578-586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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98
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Liu P, Rao D, Zou L, Teng Y, Yu H. Capacity and potential mechanisms of Cd(II) adsorption from aqueous solution by blue algae-derived biochars. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 767:145447. [PMID: 33636789 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The removal of potentially toxic metals by biochars is currently a popular and salutary method. In this study, we combined the advantages of blue algae (Microcystic) and pyrolysis technology to produce a late-model biochar. Moreover, the adsorption capacity and potential mechanisms of blue algae-derived biochars for the removal of cadmium (Cd) from aqueous solution were evaluated in comparison with the adsorption capacity and potential mechanisms of corn straw-derived biochar (CSBC) and rice husk-derived biochar (RHBC). Batch adsorption experiments were used to explore the adsorption performance of biochars, and a wide range of characterization techniques were employed: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and zeta potential analysis. The results showed that the adsorption isotherms could be described well by the Langmuir model and that the pseudo-second-order model fit the Cd(II) adsorption kinetics best, indicating that the process was monolayer and controlled by chemisorption. Moreover, the Cd(II) removal capacity of optimal blue algae-derived biochar (BC600-2) (135.7 mg g-1) was 85.9% and 66.9% higher than the removal capacity of CSBC and RHBC, respectively. In addition, the results of the characterization methods showed that precipitation with minerals was the primary mechanism, accounting for 68.7-89.5% of the capacity. Overall, blue algae-derived biochars, as a product from freshwater biowaste, may be a novel and potentially valuable adsorbent for Cd(II) removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panyang Liu
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Dean Rao
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Luyi Zou
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yue Teng
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongyan Yu
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Huang F, Zhang SM, Wu RR, Zhang L, Wang P, Xiao RB. Magnetic biochars have lower adsorption but higher separation effectiveness for Cd 2+ from aqueous solution compared to nonmagnetic biochars. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 275:116485. [PMID: 33556732 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic biochars were prepared by chemical co-precipitation of Fe3+/Fe2+ onto rice straw (M-RSB) and sewage sludge (M-SSB), followed by pyrolysis treatment, which was also used to prepare the corresponding nonmagnetic biochars (RSB and SSB). The comparison of adsorption characteristics between magnetic and nonmagnetic biochars was investigated as a function of pH, contact time, and initial Cd2+ concentration. The adsorption of nonmagnetic biochars was better described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption of RSB and SSB was better described by Langmuir and Freundlich models, respectively. Magnetization of the biochars did not change the applicability of their respective adsorption models, but reduced their adsorption capabilities. The maximum capacities were 42.48 and 4.64 mg/g for M-RSB and M-SSB, respectively, underperforming their nonmagnetic counterparts of 58.65 and 7.22 mg/g for RSB and SSB. Such a reduction was fundamentally caused by the decreases in the importance of cation-exchange and Cπ-coordination after magnetization, but the Fe-oxides contributed to the precipitation-dependent adsorption capacity for Cd2+ on magnetic biochars. The qualitative and quantitative characterization of adsorption mechanisms were further analyzed, in which the contribution proportions of cation-exchange after magnetization were reduced by 31.9% and 12.1% for M-RSB and M-SSB, respectively, whereas that of Cπ-coordination were reduced by 3.4% and 31.1% for M-RSB and M-SSB, respectively. These reductions suggest that for adsorbing Cd2+ the choice of conventional biochar was more relevant than whether the biochar was magnetized. However, magnetic biochars are easily separated from treated solutions, depending largely on initial pH. Their easy of separation suggests that magnetic biochars hold promise as more sustainable alternatives for the remediation of moderately Cd-contaminated environments, such as surface water and agriculture soil, and that magnetic biochars should be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Si-Ming Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Ren-Ren Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510530, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Rong-Bo Xiao
- Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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Yin Z, Zhu L, Mo F, Li S, Hu D, Chu R, Liu C, Hu C. Preparation of biochar grafted with amino-riched dendrimer by carbonization, magnetization and functional modification for enhanced copper removal. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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