51
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Zacharias J, Koshy EP, Rajasekharan Pillai V. Polyvinyl pyrolidone-supported chlorochromates: preparation and application as solid phase synthetic oxidising reagent. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-5148(03)00053-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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52
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Posner PG, Motherwell PW. Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00841-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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53
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Gambs C, Dickerson TJ, Mahajan S, Pasternack LB, Janda KD. High-resolution diffusion-ordered spectroscopy to probe the microenvironment of JandaJel and Merrifield resins. J Org Chem 2003; 68:3673-8. [PMID: 12713377 DOI: 10.1021/jo034152z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The success of organic reactions performed on a gel-phase resin is highly dependent on the accessibility of solvents, catalysts, and reagents to the interior of the resin. A variety of techniques including EPR, fluorescence, and Hildebrand solubility parameters (delta) have been used to probe reaction capabilities and in particular the microenvironment of a gel-phase resin. To provide a more detailed picture of the matrix in question, researchers have turned to NMR for the determination of the diffusion coefficients of solvents and small molecules in swollen beads to provide a means to compare the microenvironment of swollen beads. Since Merrifield and JandaJel resins display different swelling properties and have significantly different kinetic behavior, we undertook a comparative study of the diffusion coefficients of solvents and small molecules in both resins by high-resolution (1)H DOSY NMR. Our results show the following: (1) diffusion values for all studied solvents and small molecules are 20-30% higher in JandaJel compared to Merrifield resins, (2) in the absence of interactions between the resin and a given molecule, the diffusion values mirror the swelling properties of the resin, and (3) in the presence of strong intermolecular interactions between the gel and the considered molecule, the diffusion behavior in the gel is primarily influenced by the strength of the interactions and secondarily by the swelling properties of the resin. These results clearly show that the microenvironment of JandaJels is more "solution-like" than that of Merrifield resins, presumably due to the higher swelling capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Gambs
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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54
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Liu C, Tang T, Huang B. Preparation of macroporous functionalized polymer beads by a multistep polymerization and their application in zirconocene catalysts for ethylene polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.10633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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55
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Roice M, Subhashchandran K, Gean A, Franklin J, Rajasekharan Pillai V. Synthesis and characterization of glycerol dimethacrylate cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate: a resin for solid phase peptide synthesis. POLYMER 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(02)00871-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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56
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Erol I, Soykan C, Türkmen H, Tufan Y. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Methacrylates Derived from Morpholine and Pyrrolidine: The Determination of Kinetic Parameters with Thermogravimetric Analysis. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2003. [DOI: 10.1081/ma-120024835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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57
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Baby S, Devaky K. Effect of polymer characteristics on Beckmann rearrangement of polymer supported ketoximes. POLYM INT 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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58
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichi Yoshida
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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59
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Hwang SH, Kurth MJ. Versatile "traceless" sulfone linker for SPOS: preparation of isoxazolinopyrrole 2-carboxylates. J Org Chem 2002; 67:6564-7. [PMID: 12201785 DOI: 10.1021/jo016377k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A five-step solid-phase synthesis of isoxazolinopyrrole-2-carboxylates (6) that employs a traceless sulfone linker strategy is reported. Resin-bound diene 4, obtained by acetylation and concomitant beta-elimination of acetate from resin-bound allylic alcohol 3, underwent regioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloadditons with nitrile oxides. Formation of the pyrrole products in a resin-releasing strategy was performed by pyrrole annulation with alkyl isocyanoacetates, which react with the vinyl sulfone moiety to generate the target isoxazolinopyrrole-2-carboxylates (6). Use of this chemistry afforded eight isoxazolinopyrrole-2-carboxylates in 6-24% overall yields from polystyrene/divinylbenzene sulfinate 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-5295, USA
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60
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Malavolta L, Oliveira E, Cilli EM, Nakaie CR. Solvation of polymers as model for solvent effect investigation: proposition of a novel polarity scale. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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61
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Krchnák
- ChemRx Advanced Technologies, Inc., a Discover Partners International Company, 9040 South Rita Road, Tucson, Arizona 85747, USA.
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62
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Dhal PK, De BB, Sivaram S. Polymeric metal complex catalyzed enantioselective epoxidation of olefins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(01)00310-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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63
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The use of NIR-FT-Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of polymer-supported reagents and catalysts. Tetrahedron 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00831-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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64
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Jamieson C, Congreve MS, Hewitt PR, Scicinski JJ, Ley SV. Development and application of a carbonyl-(13)C-enriched backbone amide linker for solid-phase reaction monitoring. JOURNAL OF COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY 2001; 3:397-9. [PMID: 11442397 DOI: 10.1021/cc010012w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and application of a carbonyl-(13)C backbone amide linker are described. The labeled unit is conveniently mixed with commercial resins, providing a rapid means of monitoring chemistry performed with this linker on solid support using conventional (13)C NMR methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jamieson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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65
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Dener JM, Fantauzzi PP, Kshirsagar TA, Kelly DE, Wolfe AB. Large-Scale Syntheses of FMOC-Protected Non-Proteogenic Amino Acids: Useful Building Blocks for Combinatorial Libraries. Org Process Res Dev 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/op010204f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M. Dener
- ChemRx Advanced Technologies, 385 Oyster Point Boulevard, Suite 1, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Pascal P. Fantauzzi
- ChemRx Advanced Technologies, 385 Oyster Point Boulevard, Suite 1, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Tushar A. Kshirsagar
- ChemRx Advanced Technologies, 385 Oyster Point Boulevard, Suite 1, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Daphne E. Kelly
- ChemRx Advanced Technologies, 385 Oyster Point Boulevard, Suite 1, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Aaron B. Wolfe
- ChemRx Advanced Technologies, 385 Oyster Point Boulevard, Suite 1, South San Francisco, California 94080
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66
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67
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Kirschning A, Monenschein H, Wittenberg R. Funktionalisierte Polymere - zukunftsträchtige Werkzeuge für die Chemie in Lösung und die automatisierte Parallelsynthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20010216)113:4<670::aid-ange6700>3.0.co;2-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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68
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Kirschning A, Monenschein H, Wittenberg R. Functionalized Polymers-Emerging Versatile Tools for Solution-Phase Chemistry and Automated Parallel Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20010216)40:4<650::aid-anie6500>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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69
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Altava B, Burguete M, Collado M, Garcı́a-Verdugo E, Luis SV, Salvador RV, Vicent MJ. A general route for the preparation of polymer-supported N-tosyl aminoalcohols and their use as chiral auxiliaries. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)02346-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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70
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Lee CL, Chan KP, Lam Y, Lee SY. Solid-phase combinatorial synthesis of 1,4-benzoxazin-3(4 H )-one and 1,4-benzothiazin-3(4 H )-one derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)02199-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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71
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72
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Rajasree K, Devaky KS. Polymer-bound ethylenediamine-borane reagent: A new class of polymeric reducing agent. J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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73
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Polymer support assisted selective functionalization of azoles using a palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction. Org Lett 2000; 2:3111-3. [PMID: 11009358 DOI: 10.1021/ol000183u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Regioselective palladium-catalyzed monoarylation of azoles was achieved using iodobenzoate immobilized on an insoluble polymer support. The positional selectivity for the coupling reaction was dramatically influenced by the presence of CuI. No diarylation was observed in either case. Unsymmetrical diarylation was also obtained with the polymer support using sequential coupling reactions.
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74
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Altava B, Burguete MI, Frías JC, García-España E, Luis SV, Miravet JF. Preparation of Polymer-Supported Polyazamacrocycles. The Role of the Polymeric Matrix in the Preparation of Polymer-Supported Polyazamacrocycles. Ind Eng Chem Res 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ie000098q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Altava
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University Jaume I, E-12080 Castellón, Spain, and University of Valencia, C/Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
| | - M. I. Burguete
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University Jaume I, E-12080 Castellón, Spain, and University of Valencia, C/Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
| | - J. C. Frías
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University Jaume I, E-12080 Castellón, Spain, and University of Valencia, C/Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
| | - E. García-España
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University Jaume I, E-12080 Castellón, Spain, and University of Valencia, C/Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
| | - S. V. Luis
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University Jaume I, E-12080 Castellón, Spain, and University of Valencia, C/Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
| | - J. F. Miravet
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University Jaume I, E-12080 Castellón, Spain, and University of Valencia, C/Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
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75
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Mitchell JM, Finney NS. An efficient method for the preparation of N,N-disubstituted 1,2-diamines. Tetrahedron Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)01501-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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76
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Floyd CD, Leblanc C, Whittaker M. Combinatorial chemistry as a tool for drug discovery. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2000; 36:91-168. [PMID: 10818672 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6468(08)70046-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The question 'will combinatorial chemistry deliver real medicines' has been posed [96]. First it is important to realise that the chemical part of the drug discovery process cannot stand alone; the integration of synthesis and biological assays is fundamental to the combinatorial approach. The results presented in Tables 3.1 to 3.8 suggest that so far smaller directed combinatorial libraries have obtained equivalent results to those obtained previously from traditional medicinal chemistry analogue programs. Unfortunately, because of the long time it takes to develop pharmaceutical drugs there are no examples yet of marketed drugs discovered by combinatorial methods. There are interesting examples where active leads have been discovered from the screening of the same library against multiple targets (e.g. libraries 13, 39, 43, 66, 71 and 76). It is now possible to handle much larger libraries of non-oligomeric structures and the chemistry required for such applications is becoming available. Whether combinatorial approaches can also be adapted to deal with all the other requirements of a successful pharmaceutical (lack of toxicity, bioavailability etc.) is open to question but there are already examples such as cassette dosing [235-237]. However we can still be optimistic about the possibility of larger libraries producing avenues of investigation for the medicinal chemist to develop into real drugs. Combinatorial chemistry is an important tool for the medicinal chemist.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Floyd
- British Biotech Pharmaceuticals Limited, Oxford, U.K
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77
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78
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Jun CH, Hong HS, Huh CW. Direct conversion of benzyl alcohol to ketone by polymer-supported Rh catalyst. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)01907-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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79
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Cheng WC, Halm C, Evarts JB, Olmstead MM, Kurth MJ. Allylic Sulfones in Solid-Phase Synthesis: Preparation of Cyclobutylidenes. J Org Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jo990954b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-5295
| | - Chris Halm
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-5295
| | - Jerry B. Evarts
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-5295
| | - Marilyn M. Olmstead
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-5295
| | - Mark J. Kurth
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-5295
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80
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Polymerisation vs. grafting in the preparation of polymer-supported aluminium catalysts for the Diels-Alder reaction: The role of the polymeric backbone. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00763-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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81
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Yan B, Liu L, Astor CA, Tang Q. Determination of the Absolute Amount of Resin-Bound Hydroxyl or Carboxyl Groups for the Optimization of Solid-Phase Combinatorial and Parallel Organic Synthesis. Anal Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ac990685p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yan
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901
| | - Lina Liu
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901
| | - Catherine A. Astor
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901
| | - Qing Tang
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901
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82
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Altava B, Burguete MI, García-Verdugo E, Luis SV, Pozo O, Salvador RV. Small Libraries of Polymer-Supported Amino Alcohols: An Application to the Enantioselective Reduction of Acetophenone by LAH. European J Org Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0690(199909)1999:9<2263::aid-ejoc2263>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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83
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Lorsbach BA, Kurth MJ. Carbonminus signCarbon Bond Forming Solid-Phase Reactions. Chem Rev 1999; 99:1549-1582. [PMID: 11849002 DOI: 10.1021/cr970109y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beth A. Lorsbach
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616
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84
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Yan B, Gremlich HU. Role of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the rehearsal phase of combinatorial chemistry: a thin-layer chromatography equivalent for on-support monitoring of solid-phase organic synthesis. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1999; 725:91-102. [PMID: 10226880 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(98)00505-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The adaptation of diverse organic reactions to solid supports requires significant reaction optimization efforts. A convenient on-support analytical method functionally similar to TLC in solution chemistry is very advantageous. As a TLC-equivalent method, the single bead FTIR is a simple, sensitive, fast, and convenient analytical method to monitor SPOS without stopping the reaction or cleaving the product. As with TLC, single bead FTIR provides a wide range of information such as qualitative assessment, quantitative determination, and reaction kinetics. Studies with the single bead FTIR have not only provided a tool for daily monitoring of the solid-phase reactions, but a way to understand the properties of polymer-bound substrate and the nature of polymer-supported organic reactions. It has assisted in the selection of a wide range of reaction conditions rapidly for SPOS in the rehearsal phase of combinatorial chemistry. Due to its convenience and efficiency, FTIR internal reflection spectroscopy has evolved as a useful analytical methodology for monitoring of combinatorial chemistry reactions directly on polymer surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Yan
- Department of Core Technologies, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Summit, NJ 07901, USA.
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85
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86
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87
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Kundu B, Khare SK, Rastogi SK. Combinatorial chemistry: Polymer supported synthesis of peptide and non-peptide libraries. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH 1999; 53:89-156. [PMID: 10616297 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-8735-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, combinatorial chemistry has emerged as a powerful tool for accelerating drug discovery. While industry is rapidly embracing the technology, researchers continue to develop novel library methods including resins, linkers, tagging and deconvolution techniques. Newer strategies involving computer-customized combinatorial libraries offer enormous potential for the design of more "focused" and "smart" chemical libraries with maximal diversity. In addition, miniaturized systems for synthesizing chemical libraries are also being developed, which has made it possible to carry out reactions at submicroliter volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kundu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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88
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Kobayashi S. Polymer-Supported Rare Earth Catalysts Used in Organic Synthesis. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-69801-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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89
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Novel peptide mimetic building blocks and strategies for efficient lead finding. ADVANCES IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1067-5698(99)80003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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90
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Kondo Y, Komine T, Fujinami M, Uchiyama M, Sakamoto T. New Chemoselective Metalating Agents for Solid-Phase Synthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/cc980021d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Kondo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takashi Komine
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Michihiko Fujinami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takao Sakamoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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91
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Yan B, Gremlich HU, Moss S, Coppola GM, Sun Q, Liu L. A Comparison of Various FTIR and FT Raman Methods: Applications in the Reaction Optimization Stage of Combinatorial Chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/cc980003w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yan
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901, and Core Technologies Area, Novartis Pharma AG, CH 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Ulrich Gremlich
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901, and Core Technologies Area, Novartis Pharma AG, CH 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Serge Moss
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901, and Core Technologies Area, Novartis Pharma AG, CH 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gary M. Coppola
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901, and Core Technologies Area, Novartis Pharma AG, CH 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Qun Sun
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901, and Core Technologies Area, Novartis Pharma AG, CH 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lina Liu
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901, and Core Technologies Area, Novartis Pharma AG, CH 4002, Basel, Switzerland
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92
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Raju B, Kassir JM, Kogan TP. Solution-phase combinatorial synthesis of ureas using nitrophenylcarbamates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:3043-8. [PMID: 9873673 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00559-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitrophenylcarbamates were reacted with various amines to yield ureas. A high throughput purification of these crude products was achieved by using polymer bound scavengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Raju
- Department of Chemistry & Biophysics, Texas Biotechnology Corporation, Houston, USA
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93
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94
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Masaki Y, Tanaka N, Miura T. Unprecedented polymer-supported π-acid: Synthesis and its application as a promoter to the monothioacetalization of acetals. Tetrahedron Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(98)01179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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95
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Kaul PN. Drug discovery: past, present and future. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH. FORTSCHRITTE DER ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG. PROGRES DES RECHERCHES PHARMACEUTIQUES 1998; 50:9-105. [PMID: 9670776 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-8833-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
New drug discovery from early on involved a trial-and-error approach on naturally derived materials and substances until the end of the nineteenth century. The first half of the twentieth century witnessed systematic pharmacological evaluations of both natural and synthetic compounds. However, most new drugs until the 1970s were discovered by serendipity. With the exponential development of molecular biology on one hand and computer technology on the other, it became possible from 1980 onwards to place drug discovery on a rational basis. Cloning of genes has led to the development of methodologies for specific receptor-directed and enzyme-directed drug discoveries. Advances in recombinant DNA and transgenic technologies have enabled the production of human hormonal and other endogenous biomolecules as new drugs. As we understand more about the co-ordinating and regulating powers of the cerebral cortex during the next century, especially of the frontal lobe, man may be able to use bio-feedback training to voluntarily regulate the release of neurotransmitters, hormones, and other molecules involved in the regulation of various physiological processes in health as well as in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Kaul
- Clark Atlanta University, GA 30314, USA
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96
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Yan B. Monitoring the Progress and the Yield of Solid-Phase Organic Reactions Directly on Resin Supports. Acc Chem Res 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ar970327d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yan
- Department of Core Technologies, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901
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97
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Abstract
The nature of the polymer support plays an integral role in solid phase organic synthesis. Combinatorial and highly parallel synthetic strategies have stimulated the development of new polymer support materials with compositions and properties that allow a broader spectrum of organic transformations. Extension of solid phase organic synthesis to encoded microreactors provides an efficient methodology for preparing large numbers of discrete compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Labadie
- Argonaut Technologies, San Carlos, CA 94070, USA.
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98
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Li W, Yan B. Effects of Polymer Supports on the Kinetics of Solid-Phase Organic Reactions: A Comparison of Polystyrene- and TentaGel-Based Resins. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9802271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbao Li
- Department of Core Technologies, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901-1398
| | - Bing Yan
- Department of Core Technologies, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07901-1398
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99
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Abstract
A novel and efficient solid-phase synthesis of benzimidazoles and the monitoring of all conversions in this synthesis are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Sun
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ 07936-1080, USA
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100
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Halm C, Evarts J, Kurth MJ. A new attachment/cleavage strategy: Polymer-bound allylic sulfones in a solid-phase route to trisubstituted olefins. Tetrahedron Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(97)10062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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