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Kim HR, Lee J, Byeon JS, Gu NY, Lee J, Cho IS, Cha SH. Extensive characterization of feline intra-abdominal adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Vet Sci 2018; 18:299-306. [PMID: 27456770 PMCID: PMC5639082 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.3.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from various tissues have been well characterized for therapeutic application to clinical diseases. However, in contrast to MSCs from other animal species, the characteristics of feline MSCs have not been fully documented. In this study, we conducted extensive characterization of feline adipose tissue-derived MSCs (fAD-MSCs). Study fAD-MSCs were individually isolated from the intra-abdominal adipose tissues of six felines. The expression levels of cell surface markers and pluripotent markers were evaluated. Next, proliferation capacity was analyzed by performing cumulative population doubling level (CPDL) and doubling time (DT) calculation assays. Differentiation potentials of fAD-MSCs into mesodermal cell lineages were analyzed by examining specific staining and molecular markers. All fAD-MSCs positively expressed cell surface markers such as CD29, CD44, CD90, CD105, CD166, and MHC-I, while CD14, CD34, CD45, and CD73 were negatively expressed. The CPDL of the fAD-MSCs was maintained until passage 5 to 6 (P5 to P6), whereas DT increased after P3 to P4. Also, stem cell-specific pluripotent markers (Oct3/4, Nanog, and SSEA-4) were detected. Importantly, all fAD-MSCs demonstrated mesodermal differentiation capacity. These results suggest that fully characterized fAD-MSCs could be beneficial when considering the use of these cells in feline disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Ryang Kim
- Viral Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Jienny Lee
- Viral Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Jeong Su Byeon
- Viral Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Na-Yeon Gu
- Viral Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Kangnam Animal Hospital, Pyeongtaek 17982, Korea
| | - In-Soo Cho
- Viral Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Cha
- Viral Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Korea
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McGoldrick NP, Murphy EP, Kearns SR. Osteochondral lesions of the ankle: The current evidence supporting scaffold-based techniques and biological adjuncts. Foot Ankle Surg 2018; 24:86-91. [PMID: 29409225 DOI: 10.1016/j.fas.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Talar osteochondral lesions are more common than has been previously recognized. Optimal treatment remains unclear and the subject of much debate in the literature. Although reparative techniques such as microfracture have produced initial good results and remain the gold standard in the management of these lesions, the literature is deficient in long-term data. Recently, techniques focused on enhancing the local biological environment have been developed which have demonstrated promising outcomes. METHODS We reviewed the available evidence concerning scaffold-based techniques and biological adjuncts in the management of talar osteochondral lesions published in the English language on PubMed. RESULTS An update is provided on the current evidence concerning the role of biological adjuncts in the management of osteochondral lesions of the talus. CONCLUSIONS There has been an explosion of interest among the orthopaedic community in the role of biologics in the management of complex talar osteochondral lesions. A number of exciting new techniques have been developed which show promise. Robust randomized control trials are required to identify the optimal surgical strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P McGoldrick
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland.
| | - E P Murphy
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland.
| | - S R Kearns
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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Cotter EJ, Wang KC, Yanke AB, Chubinskaya S. Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate for Cartilage Defects of the Knee: From Bench to Bedside Evidence. Cartilage 2018; 9:161-170. [PMID: 29126349 PMCID: PMC5871125 DOI: 10.1177/1947603517741169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To critically evaluate the current basic science, translational, and clinical data regarding bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) in the setting of focal cartilage defects of the knee and describe clinical indications and future research questions surrounding the clinical utility of BMAC for treatment of these lesions. Design A literature search was performed using the PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE databases for studies in English (1980-2017) using keywords, including ["bone marrow aspirate" and "cartilage"], ["mesenchymal stem cells" and "cartilage"], and ["bone marrow aspirate" and "mesenchymal stem cells" and "orthopedics"]. A total of 1832 articles were reviewed by 2 independent authors and additional literature found through scanning references of cited articles. Results BMAC has demonstrated promising results in the clinical application for repair of chondral defects as an adjuvant procedure or as an independent management technique. A subcomponent of BMAC, bone marrow derived-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the ability to differentiate into cells important for osteogenesis and chondrogenesis. Modulation of paracrine signaling is perhaps the most important function of BM-MSCs in this setting. In an effort to increase the cellular yield, authors have shown the ability to expand BM-MSCs in culture while maintaining phenotype. Conclusions Translational studies have demonstrated good clinical efficacy of BMAC both concomitant with cartilage restoration procedures, at defined time points after surgery, and as isolated injections. Early clinical data suggests BMAC may help stimulate a more robust hyaline cartilage repair tissue response. Numerous questions remain regarding BMAC usage, including cell source, cell expansion, optimal pathology, and injection timing and quantity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Cotter
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kevin C. Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Adam B. Yanke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Susan Chubinskaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Quimby JM, Borjesson DL. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in cats: Current knowledge and future potential. J Feline Med Surg 2018; 20:208-216. [PMID: 29478398 PMCID: PMC10816289 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x18758590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Practical relevance: Stem cell therapy is an innovative field of scientific investigation with tremendous potential for clinical application in veterinary medicine. Based on the known desirable immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells, this therapy holds promise for the treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases in cats. AIMS This review details our current understanding of feline stem cell biology and proposed mechanism of action. Studies performed in feline clinical trials for diseases including gingivostomatitis, chronic enteropathy, asthma and kidney disease are summarized, with the goal of providing an overview of the current status of this treatment modality and its potential for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Quimby
- The Ohio State University, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dori L Borjesson
- University of California–Davis, Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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McCarrel TM, Pownder SL, Gilbert S, Koff MF, Castiglione E, Saska RA, Bradica G, Fortier LA. Two-Year Evaluation of Osteochondral Repair with a Novel Biphasic Graft Saturated in Bone Marrow in an Equine Model. Cartilage 2017; 8:406-416. [PMID: 28934879 PMCID: PMC5613894 DOI: 10.1177/1947603516675913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate a biphasic cartilage repair device (CRD) for feasibility of arthroscopic implantation, safety, biocompatibility, and efficacy for long-term repair of large osteochondral defects. Methods The CRD was press-fit into defects (10 mm diameter, 10 mm deep) created in the femoral trochlea of 12 horses. In the contralateral limb, 10 mm diameter full-thickness chondral defects were treated with microfracture (MFX). Radiographs were obtained pre- and postoperatively, and at 4, 12, and 24 months. Repeat arthroscopy was performed at 4 and 12 months. Gross assessment, histology, mechanical testing, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed at 24 months. Results The CRD was easily placed arthroscopically. There was no evidence of joint infection, inflammation, or degeneration. CRD-treated defects had significantly more sclerosis compared to MFX early ( P = 0.0006), but was not different at 24 months. CRD had better arthroscopic scores at 4 months compared to MFX ( P = 0.0069). At 24 months, there was no difference in repair tissue on histology or mechanical testing. Based on MRI, CRD repair tissue had less proteoglycan (deep P = 0.027, superficial P = 0.015) and less organized collagen (deep P = 0.028) compared to MFX. Cartilage surrounding MFX defects had more fissures compared to CRD. Conclusion The repair tissue formed after CRD treatment of a large osteochondral lesion is fibrocartilage similar to that formed in simple chondral defects treated with MFX. The CRD can be easily placed arthroscopically, is safe, and biocompatible for 24 months. The CRD results in improved early arthroscopic repair scores and may limit fissure formation in adjacent cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taralyn M. McCarrel
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA,Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Ryan A. Saska
- DSM Biomedical d/b/a Kensey Nash Corporation, Exton, PA, USA
| | - Gino Bradica
- DSM Biomedical d/b/a Kensey Nash Corporation, Exton, PA, USA
| | - Lisa A. Fortier
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA,Lisa A. Fortier, VMC C3-181 Cornell University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Murphy MP, Buckley C, Sugrue C, Carr E, O'Reilly A, O'Neill S, Carroll SM. ASCOT: Autologous Bone Marrow Stem Cell Use for Osteoarthritis of the Thumb-First Carpometacarpal Joint. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2017; 5:e1486. [PMID: 29062653 PMCID: PMC5640358 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: The first carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) in the hand is a commonly affected joint by osteoarthritis. It causes significant thumb base pain, limiting functional capacity. Microfracturing and application of autologous stem cells has been performed on large joints such as the knee but has never been evaluated for use in the smaller joints in the hand. Our aim was to determine the potential benefit of microfracturing and autologous bone marrow stem cells for treatment of osteoarthritis of the first CMCJ in the hand. Methods: All inclusion criteria were satisfied. Preoperative assessment by the surgeon, physiotherapist, and occupational therapist was performed. The first CMCJ was microfractured and the Bone Marrow Stem Cells were applied directly. Postoperatively, the patients were followed up for 1 year. Results: Fifteen patients met inclusion criteria; however, 2 patients were excluded due to postoperative cellulitis and diagnosis of De Quervain's tenosynovitis. The mean scores of the 13-patient preoperative and 1 year follow-up assessments are visual analog score at rest of 3.23–1.69 (P = 0.0292), visual analog score on activity of 7.92–4.23 (P = 0.0019), range of motion 45.77o–55.15o (P = 0.0195), thumb opposition score 7.62–9.23 (P = 0.0154), Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score of 51.67–23.08 (P = 0.0065). Strength improved insignificantly from 4.7 kg preoperatively to 5.53 kg at 12 months (P = 0.1257). All patients had a positive Grind test preoperatively and a negative test after 12 months. Conclusions: This innovative pilot study is a new approach to osteoarthritis of the thumb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Murphy
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Saint Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christina Buckley
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Saint Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Conor Sugrue
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Saint Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emma Carr
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Saint Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aine O'Reilly
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Saint Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shane O'Neill
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Saint Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sean M Carroll
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Saint Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Chae HK, Song WJ, Ahn JO, Li Q, Lee BY, Kweon K, Park SC, Youn HY. Immunomodulatory effects of soluble factors secreted by feline adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2017; 191:22-29. [PMID: 28895862 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory functions and differentiation capacity, and their clinical use is increasing in veterinary species. Although MSCs have been applied in the treatment in various inflammatory diseases, mechanistic research on feline MSCs is lacking. Accordingly, in this study, we aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory mechanisms of MSCs isolated from feline adipose tissue (fATMSCs). fATMSCs from healthy cats were cultured in an appropriate manner and cocultured with transwell-separated allogeneic feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells (fPBMCs) and RAW264.7 murine macrophages. After 48h of coculture, RNA was extracted from RAW264.7 cells and fPBMCs. Cytokine expression in these cells was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and compared according to the presence of fATMSCs. The mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase, and interleukin (IL)-1β, were significantly decreased in cocultures of mitogen-stimulated RAW264.7 cells with fATMSCs compared with that in the RAW264.7 cells control group. Additionally, changes in the expression of mRNAs extracted from fPBMCs were as follows: pro-inflammatory TNF-α, interferon-γ, and IL-6 were decreased, and anti-inflammatory IL-10 was increased during coculture of mitogen-stimulated allogeneic fPBMCs with fATMSCs. We also extracted RNA and collected supernatants from fATMSCs during transwell culture for measurement of the expression and secretion of soluble factors by qRT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. The mRNA expression of immunomodulatory factors from fATMSCs, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and hepatocyte growth factor, increased in the presence of RAW264.7 cells. Similarly, TGF-β, COX-2, and IDO mRNA expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion from fATMSCs increased in the presence of allogeneic fPBMCs. Finally, we measured the viability of fPBMCs under various conditions. Cell viability decreased in fPBMCs suspended in fATMSC-derived conditioned medium, and this reduction was alleviated in the group supplemented with NS-398 a PGE2 inhibitor. Our data suggested that soluble factors, including PGE2, secreted by fATMSCs played an important role in the immunomodulatory effects of these cells. These findings may be helpful in the application of fATMSCs to feline patients with immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Kyu Chae
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Song
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Jin-Ok Ahn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Qiang Li
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Bo-Yeon Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Kyeong Kweon
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Sang-Chul Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
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Li H, Gu ZK, Li XS, Hou CM, Tang PH, Mao N. Functional and Phenotypic Alteration of Intrasplenic Lymphocytes Affected by Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Murine Allosplenocyte Transfusion Model. Cell Transplant 2017; 16:85-95. [DOI: 10.3727/000000007783464470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous data have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can exert immunomodulatory activity in vitro, in which of the process nearly all kinds of immune cell subsets are involved. However, there is still a paucity of information about whether and why MSCs inhibit the ongoing immune responses in vivo. Working in a murine splenocyte transfusion model across the major histocompatibility barrier (C57BL/6 → BALB/c, H2b → H2d), we have found that MSC coinfusion prolongs the mean survival time (MST) of the recipient mice in a dose-dependent manner and reduces graft-versus-host-associated histopathology in comparison to the allosplenocyte transfusion controls. In vivo eGFP tracing with polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that grafted MSCs could migrate and settle into the lungs, spleen, liver, intestine, and skin shortly after administration. Further investigations into the functional characteristics of intrasplenic lymphocytes showed that their proliferation and cytotoxic activity against P815 cells (H2d) were significantly restrained by MSC cotransfer. FACS analysis demonstrated that MSC infusion not only increased the proportion of CD4+ subset but also decreased that of CD8+ cells at the belated observation points, resulting in the increase of the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells. Also, in contrast to the slight increase of the proportion of CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) in MSC cotransfer mice, the ratio of Tregs/CD8+ cells was dramatically elevated. Furthermore, RT-PCR analysis on the cytokine array of IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, TNF-α, and TGF-β in recipient splenocytes implied the Th1 to Th2 polarization. Therefore, it is deducible that alteration in the proportions of different T-lymphocyte subsets may be one of the main mechanisms by which grafted MSCs suppress the ongoing immune responses in vivo. The study here might provide some new clues for the design of therapeutic approaches for MSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Zi-Kuan Gu
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiu-Sen Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Chun-Mei Hou
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Pei-Hsien Tang
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ning Mao
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
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Anis EA, Dhar M, Legendre AM, Wilkes RP. Transduction of hematopoietic stem cells to stimulate RNA interference against feline infectious peritonitis. J Feline Med Surg 2017; 19:680-686. [PMID: 27354226 PMCID: PMC11128816 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x16654958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The goals of the study were: (1) to develop and evaluate non-replicating lentivirus vectors coding for feline coronavirus (FCoV)-specific micro (mi)RNA as a potential antiviral therapy for feline infectious peritonitis (FIP); (2) to assess the feasibility of transducing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) with ex vivo introduction of the miRNA-expressing lentivirus vector; and (3) to assess the ability of the expressed miRNA to inhibit FCoV replication in HSCs in vitro. Methods HSCs were obtained from feline bone marrow and replicated in vitro. Three lentiviruses were constructed, each expressing a different anti-FCoV miRNA. HSCs were stably transduced with the miRNA-expressing lentivirus vector that produced the most effective viral inhibition in a feline cell line. The effectiveness of the transduction and the expression of anti-FCoV miRNA were tested by infecting the HSCs with two different strains of FCoV. The inhibition of coronavirus replication was determined by relative quantification of the inhibition of intracellular viral genomic RNA synthesis using real-time, reverse-transcription PCR. The assessment of virus replication inhibition was determined via titration of extracellular virus using the TCID50 assay. Results Inhibition of FCoV was most significant in feline cells expressing miRNA-L2 that targeted the viral leader sequence, 48 h postinfection. miRNA-L2 expression in stably transduced HSCs resulted in 90% and 92% reductions in FIPV WSU 79-1146 genomic RNA synthesis and extracellular virus production, respectively, as well as 74% and 80% reduction in FECV WSU 79-1683 genomic RNA synthesis and extracellular virus production, respectively, as compared with an infected negative control sample producing non-targeting miRNA. Conclusions and relevance These preliminary results show that genetic modification of HSCs for constitutive production of anti-coronavirus miRNA will reduce FCoV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Anis
- Infectious Diseases, Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, USA
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Madhu Dhar
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Alfred M Legendre
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Rebecca P Wilkes
- Infectious Diseases, Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, USA
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Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Harvesting and Processing Technique. Arthrosc Tech 2017; 6:e441-e445. [PMID: 28580265 PMCID: PMC5443590 DOI: 10.1016/j.eats.2016.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow obtained by iliac crest aspiration is a common source for harvesting mesenchymal stem cells, other progenitor cells, and associated cytokine/growth factors. Recent studies have reported good to excellent outcomes with the use of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) for pain relief in the treatment of focal chondral lesions and osteoarthritis of the knee. However, the harvesting and processing technique are crucial to achieve satisfactory results. Several studies have examined outcomes after BMAC injection, with encouraging results, but there is a lack of consensus in terms of the frequency of injection, the amount of BMAC that is injected, and the timing of BMAC injections. The purpose of this Technical Note was to describe a standardized bone marrow aspiration harvesting technique and processing method.
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Clark KC, Fierro FA, Ko EM, Walker NJ, Arzi B, Tepper CG, Dahlenburg H, Cicchetto A, Kol A, Marsh L, Murphy WJ, Fazel N, Borjesson DL. Human and feline adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells have comparable phenotype, immunomodulatory functions, and transcriptome. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:69. [PMID: 28320483 PMCID: PMC5360077 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0528-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are a promising cell therapy to treat inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. Development of appropriate pre-clinical animal models is critical to determine safety and attain early efficacy data for the most promising therapeutic candidates. Naturally occurring diseases in cats already serve as valuable models to inform human clinical trials in oncologic, cardiovascular, and genetic diseases. The objective of this study was to complete a comprehensive side-by-side comparison of human and feline ASCs, with an emphasis on their immunomodulatory capacity and transcriptome. Methods Human and feline ASCs were evaluated for phenotype, immunomodulatory profile, and transcriptome. Additionally, transwells were used to determine the role of cell-cell contact in ASC-mediated inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation in both humans and cats. Results Similar to human ASCs, feline ASCs were highly proliferative at low passages and fit the minimal criteria of multipotent stem cells including a compatible surface protein phenotype, osteogenic capacity, and normal karyotype. Like ASCs from all species, feline ASCs inhibited mitogen-activated lymphocyte proliferation in vitro, with or without direct ASC-lymphocyte contact. Feline ASCs mimic human ASCs in their mediator secretion pattern, including prostaglandin E2, indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase, transforming growth factor beta, and interleukin-6, all augmented by interferon gamma secretion by lymphocytes. The transcriptome of three unactivated feline ASC lines were highly similar. Functional analysis of the most highly expressed genes highlighted processes including: 1) the regulation of apoptosis; 2) cell adhesion; 3) response to oxidative stress; and 4) regulation of cell differentiation. Finally, feline ASCs had a similar gene expression profile to noninduced human ASCs. Conclusions Findings suggest that feline ASCs modulate lymphocyte proliferation using soluble mediators that mirror the human ASC secretion pattern. Uninduced feline ASCs have similar gene expression profiles to uninduced human ASCs, as revealed by transcriptome analysis. These data will help inform clinical trials using cats with naturally occurring diseases as surrogate models for human clinical trials in the regenerative medicine arena. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0528-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin C Clark
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95816, USA
| | - Fernando A Fierro
- Institute for Regenerative Cures and Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis, CA, 95816, USA
| | - Emily Mills Ko
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95816, USA
| | - Naomi J Walker
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95816, USA
| | - Boaz Arzi
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95816, USA
| | - Clifford G Tepper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95816, USA
| | - Heather Dahlenburg
- Institute for Regenerative Cures and Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis, CA, 95816, USA
| | - Andrew Cicchetto
- Institute for Regenerative Cures and Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis, CA, 95816, USA
| | - Amir Kol
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95816, USA
| | - Lyndsey Marsh
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95816, USA
| | - William J Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95816, USA
| | - Nasim Fazel
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95816, USA
| | - Dori L Borjesson
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95816, USA.
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Vidane AS, Pinheiro AO, Casals JB, Passarelli D, Hage MCFNS, Bueno RS, Martins DS, Ambrósio CE. Transplantation of amniotic membrane-derived multipotent cells ameliorates and delays the progression of chronic kidney disease in cats. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 52 Suppl 2:316-326. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AS Vidane
- Department of Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - AO Pinheiro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
| | - JB Casals
- Department of Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - D Passarelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
| | - MCFNS Hage
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
| | - RS Bueno
- Department of Basic Science; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
| | - DS Martins
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
| | - CE Ambrósio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; Pirassununga SP Brazil
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Sato K, Yamawaki-Ogata A, Kanemoto I, Usui A, Narita Y. Isolation and characterisation of peripheral blood-derived feline mesenchymal stem cells. Vet J 2016; 216:183-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Rosselli DD, Mumaw JL, Dickerson V, Brown CA, Brown SA, Schmiedt CW. Efficacy of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell administration in a model of acute ischemic kidney injury in cats. Res Vet Sci 2016; 108:18-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Characterization and Expression of Senescence Marker in Prolonged Passages of Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:8487264. [PMID: 27579045 PMCID: PMC4989133 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8487264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is aimed at optimizing the in vitro culture protocol for generation of rat bone marrow- (BM-) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and characterizing the culture-mediated cellular senescence. The initial phase of generation and characterization was conducted using the adherent cells from Sprague Dawley (SD) rat's BM via morphological analysis, growth kinetics, colony forming unit capacity, immunophenotyping, and mesodermal lineage differentiation. Mesenchymal stem cells were successfully generated and characterized as delineated by the expressions of CD90.1, CD44H, CD29, and CD71 and lack of CD11b/c and CD45 markers. Upon induction, rBM-MSCs differentiated into osteocytes and adipocytes and expressed osteocytes and adipocytes genes. However, a decline in cell growth was observed at passage 4 onwards and it was further deciphered through apoptosis, cell cycle, and senescence assays. Despite the enhanced cell viability at later passages (P4-5), the expression of senescence marker, β-galactosidase, was significantly increased at passage 5. Furthermore, the cell cycle analysis has confirmed the in vitro culture-mediated cellular senescence where cells were arrested at the G0/G1 phase of cell cycle. Although the currently optimized protocols had successfully yielded rBM-MSCs, the culture-mediated cellular senescence limits the growth of rBM-MSCs and its potential use in rat-based MSC research.
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Chahla J, LaPrade RF, Mardones R, Huard J, Philippon MJ, Nho S, Mei-Dan O, Pascual-Garrido C. Biological Therapies for Cartilage Lesions in the Hip: A New Horizon. Orthopedics 2016; 39:e715-23. [PMID: 27359284 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20160623-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of hip cartilage disease is challenging, and there is no clear algorithm to address this entity. Biomarkers are arising as promising diagnostic tools because they could play a role in the early assessment of the prearthritic joint and as a prognostic factor before and after treatment. The potential effect of biomarkers may be used to categorize individuals at risk of evolving to severe osteoarthritis, to develop new measures for clinical progression of the disease, and to develop new treatment options for the prevention of osteoarthritis progression. A trend toward a less invasive biological treatment will usher in a new treatment era. With the growth of surgical skills in hip arthroscopy, cartilage restoration techniques are evolving in a fast and exponential manner. Biological and surgical treatments have been proposed to treat these pathologies. Biological treatments include platelet-rich plasma, stem cells or bone marrow aspirate concentration, hyaluronic acid, losartan, and fish oil. Surgical treatments include microfracture alone or augmented, direct repair, autologous chondrocyte implantation, matrix-induced chondrocyte implantation, autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis, mosaicplasty, osteochondral allograft transplantation, and stem cells implanted in matrix (stem cells in membranes/expanded stem cells). This article reviews new evidence available on treatment options for chondral lesions and early osteoarthritis of the hip. [Orthopedics. 2016; 39(4):e715-e723.].
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68
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Liebesny PH, Byun S, Hung HH, Pancoast JR, Mroszczyk KA, Young WT, Lee RT, Frisbie DD, Kisiday JD, Grodzinsky AJ. Growth Factor-Mediated Migration of Bone Marrow Progenitor Cells for Accelerated Scaffold Recruitment. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:917-27. [PMID: 27268956 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering approaches using growth factor-functionalized acellular scaffolds to support and guide repair driven by endogenous cells are thought to require a careful balance between cell recruitment and growth factor release kinetics. The objective of this study was to identify a growth factor combination that accelerates progenitor cell migration into self-assembling peptide hydrogels in the context of cartilage defect repair. A novel 3D gel-to-gel migration assay enabled quantification of the chemotactic impact of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), heparin-binding insulin-like growth factor-1 (HB-IGF-1), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) on progenitor cells derived from subchondral bovine trabecular bone (bone-marrow progenitor cells, BM-PCs) encapsulated in the peptide hydrogel [KLDL]3. Only the combination of PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 stimulated significant migration of BM-PCs over a 4-day period, measured by confocal microscopy. Both PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 were slowly released from the gel, as measured using their (125)I-labeled forms, and they remained significantly present in the gel at 4 days. In the context of augmenting microfracture surgery for cartilage repair, our strategy of delivering chemotactic and proanabolic growth factors in KLD may provide the necessary local stimulus to help increase defect cellularity, providing more cells to generate repair tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H Liebesny
- 1 Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Sangwon Byun
- 1 Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Han-Hwa Hung
- 1 Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Keri A Mroszczyk
- 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Whitney T Young
- 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Richard T Lee
- 2 Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David D Frisbie
- 4 Colorado State University , Orthopaedic Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - John D Kisiday
- 4 Colorado State University , Orthopaedic Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Alan J Grodzinsky
- 1 Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts.,3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts.,5 Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Yoon DS, Lee KM, Kim SH, Kim SH, Jung Y, Kim SH, Park KH, Choi Y, Ryu HA, Choi WJ, Lee JW. Synergistic Action of IL-8 and Bone Marrow Concentrate on Cartilage Regeneration Through Upregulation of Chondrogenic Transcription Factors. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:363-74. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Suk Yoon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mi Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Hee Kim
- Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngmee Jung
- Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwang Hwan Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoorim Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Aae Ryu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo Jin Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Chahla J, Dean CS, Moatshe G, Pascual-Garrido C, Serra Cruz R, LaPrade RF. Concentrated Bone Marrow Aspirate for the Treatment of Chondral Injuries and Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Systematic Review of Outcomes. Orthop J Sports Med 2016; 4:2325967115625481. [PMID: 26798765 PMCID: PMC4714134 DOI: 10.1177/2325967115625481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) has emerged as a novel treatment for pathology of the knee. Despite containing a limited number of stem cells, BMAC serves as a source of growth factors that are thought to play an important role as a result of their anabolic and anti-inflammatory effects. To our knowledge, there is no systematic review regarding the outcomes of bone marrow aspirate concentrate used for the treatment of chondral defects and osteoarthritis of the knee. Purpose: To perform a systematic review on the outcomes of bone marrow aspirate concentrate for the treatment of chondral defects and osteoarthritis of the knee. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and MEDLINE from 1980 to present. Inclusion criteria were as follows: use of BMAC for treatment of chondral defects and osteoarthritis of the knee, English language, and human studies. We excluded cadaveric studies, animal studies, basic science articles, editorial articles, surveys, and studies that did not include the knee. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies were evaluated for efficacy and safety of BMAC for treatment of articular cartilage knee pathologies. Results: Eleven studies were considered. Of these, 5 were prospective studies, 1 was a retrospective study, 2 were case series, and 3 were case reports. Three comparative studies (2 with level 2 evidence, 1 with level 3 evidence) were found in our search; none of them were randomized. Three studies investigated the clinical efficacy of BMAC in the treatment of osteoarthritis, and 8 studies evaluated the efficacy of BMAC on focal cartilage injuries. All 3 studies regarding osteoarthritis and all 8 studies regarding focal chondral defects reported good to excellent overall outcomes with the use of BMAC. Conclusion: Although a growing interest for biological alternatives of treating knee pathology has been observed in the past few years, there still remains a paucity of high-quality studies. The studies included in this systematic review reported varying degrees of beneficial results with the use of BMAC with and without an additional procedure for the treatment of chondral defects and early stages of osteoarthritis. Most articles present the use of BMAC as a safe procedure and report good results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Chahla
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA
| | - Chase S Dean
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA
| | - Gilbert Moatshe
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA.; Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Raphael Serra Cruz
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA.; Instituto Brasil de Tecnologias da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robert F LaPrade
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA.; The Steadman Clinic, Vail, Colorado, USA
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71
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Feline mesenchymal stem cells and supernatant inhibit reactive oxygen species production in cultured feline neutrophils. Res Vet Sci 2015; 103:60-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Mesenchymal stem cells secrete brain-derived neurotrophic factor and promote retinal ganglion cell survival after traumatic optic neuropathy. J Craniofac Surg 2015; 26:548-52. [PMID: 25723663 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000001348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to investigate whether intravitreal injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultivated in vitro could increase the number of survived retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) after traumatic optic neuropathy and sought to identify potential mechanisms underlying such growth. METHODS The right eye of 24 cats in the MSC transplantation group accepted intravitreal injection of MSCs, and the other 24 cats in the phosphate buffer (PBS) control group received isotonic saline after traumatic optic neuropathy. The RGCs' survival rate in separated retinal and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression were observed by Dil labeling and Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA), respectively, at 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after transplantation. RESULTS Quantitative analysis showed that RGCs were significantly attenuated at 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after transplantation in both areas of the retina (peripheral, P7d = 0.0011, P14d < 0.001, P28d < 0.001; central, P3d = 0.0437, P7d = 0.0067, P14d < 0.001, P28d < 0.001). Mean density of RGCs in the MSC transplantation group was significantly higher than that of the PBS control group after 14 days of treatment (P < 0.001). The homogenates BDNF (hBDNF) in the MSC transplantation group was obviously higher than that in the PBS control group at 14 and 28 days (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The MSCs transplanted into the retina of cats can slow down RGC apoptosis and steadily express BDNF. The MSC-mediated neuroprotection after optic nerve injury may be related to BNDF.
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Cao S, Wei X, Li H, Miao J, Zhao G, Wu D, Liu B, Zhang Y, Gu H, Wang L, Fan Y, An D, Yuan Z. Comparative Study on the Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Between Fetal and Postnatal Rat Spinal Cord Niche. Cell Transplant 2015; 25:1115-30. [PMID: 26651539 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x689910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, we established a prenatal surgical approach and transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into the fetal rat spinal column to treat neural tube defects (NTDs). We found that the transplanted MSCs survived and differentiated into neural lineage cells. Various cytokines and extracellular signaling systems in the spinal cord niche play an important role in cell differentiation. In this study, we observed the differentiation of transplanted MSCs in different spinal cord niches and further observed the expression of neurotrophic factors and growth factors in the spinal cord at different developmental stages to explore the mechanism of MSC differentiation in different spinal cord niches. The results showed that transplanted MSCs expressed markers of neural precursor cells (nestin), neurogliocytes (GFAP), and neurons (β-tubulin). The percentages of GFP(+)/nestin(+) double-positive cells in transplanted MSCs in E16, P1, and P21 rats were 18.31%, 12.18%, and 5.06%, respectively. The percentages of GFP(+)/GFAP(+) double-positive cells in E16, P1, and P21 rats were 32.01%, 15.35%, and 12.56%, respectively. The percentages of GFP(+)/β-tubulin(+) double-positive cells in E16, P1, and P21 were 11.76%, 7.62%, and 4.88%, respectively. The differentiation rates of MSCs in embryonic spinal cords were significantly higher than in postnatal spinal cords (p < 0.05). We found that the transplanted MSCs expressed synapsin-1 at different developmental stages. After MSC transplantation, we observed that neurotrophic factor-3 (NT-3), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), FGF-8, transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) significantly increased in the MSC transplantation group compared with the blank injection group. Furthermore, FGF-2 and VEGF expression were positively correlated with the number of surviving MSCs. In addition, we found that the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), NT-3, FGF-8, TGF-β, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) decreased with age, and the expression of FGF-2, FGF-10, FGF-20, TGF-α, and PDGF increased with age. Our data suggest that the embryonic spinal cord niche is more conducive to MSC differentiation after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songying Cao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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74
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Yamamoto Y, Itoh S, Yamauchi Y, Matsushita K, Ikeda S, Naruse H, Hayashi M. Density Gradient Centrifugation for the Isolation of Cells of Multiple Lineages. J Cell Biochem 2015; 116:2709-14. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Yamamoto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Shousaku Itoh
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Yukako Yamauchi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Kenta Matsushita
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Shun Ikeda
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Haruna Naruse
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Mikako Hayashi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
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Gómez MC, Qin Q, Biancardi MN, Galiguis J, Dumas C, MacLean RA, Wang G, Pope CE. Characterization and Multilineage Differentiation of Domestic and Black-Footed Cat Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells from Abdominal and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue. Cell Reprogram 2015; 17:376-92. [DOI: 10.1089/cell.2015.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martha C. Gómez
- Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA, 70124
| | - Qian Qin
- Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA, 70124
| | | | - Jason Galiguis
- Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA, 70124
| | - Cherie Dumas
- Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA, 70124
| | - Robert A. MacLean
- Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA, 70124
| | - Guoshun Wang
- Gene Therapy Program, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112
| | - C. Earle Pope
- Audubon Center for Research of Endangered Species, New Orleans, LA, 70124
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Gugjoo MB, . A, Kinjavdeka P, Aithal HP, Matin Ansa M, Pawde AM, Sharma GT. Isolation, Culture and Characterization of New Zealand White Rabbit Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2015.537.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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77
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Luo GH, Liu H, Luo L, Liu J, Yang XS, Wang YD, Sun ZL, Xia SJ. Re-epithelialization of the prostatic urethra after two-micron laser resection of the prostate. Asian J Androl 2015; 18:151-3. [PMID: 26178394 PMCID: PMC4736348 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.154993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shu-Jie Xia
- Department of Urology Surgery, Institute of Urology, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
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78
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Novel treatment strategies for feline chronic kidney disease: A critical look at the potential of mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Vet J 2015; 204:241-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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79
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Zhang N, Dietrich MA, Lopez MJ. Therapeutic doses of multipotent stromal cells from minimal adipose tissue. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2015; 10:600-11. [PMID: 24850472 PMCID: PMC4127443 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9508-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Low yield of adult adipose-derived multipotent stromal cells (ASC) can limit autologous cell therapy in individuals with minimal adipose tissue. In this study, ASC isolation was optimized from approximately 0.2 g of feline epididymal adipose tissue for a treatment dose of 106–107 ASCs/kg. The ASC yield was determined for three digestions, 0.1 % collagenase in medium for 30 min (Classic), 0.3 % collagenase in buffer for 30 min (New) and 0.3 % collagenase in buffer for 1 h (Hour). After isolation by the new tissue digestion, continuously cultured ASCs (fresh) and cells recovered and expanded after cryostorage at P0 (revitalized) were characterized up to cell passage (P) 5. Outcomes included CD9, CD29, CD44, CD90 and CD105 expression, cell doublings and doubling times, fibroblastic, adipogenic and osteogenic colony forming unit (CFU) frequency percentages and lineage-specific target gene expression after induction. The New digestion had the highest CFU yield, and about 7x106 ASCs/kg were available within three cell passages (P2). Compared to earlier passages, target surface antigen expression was lowest in fresh P5 cells, and fresh and revitalized P3–5 cells had slower expansion. Fresh and revitalized P1 ASCs had higher CFU frequency percentages and lineage-specific gene expression than P3. The New method described in this study was most efficient for feline epididymal ASC isolation and did not alter in vitro cell behavior. Fresh and revitalized P0-P2 feline ASCs may be most effective for preclinical and clinical trials. This study offers a potential option for ASC isolation from limited adipose tissue resources across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Laboratory for Equine and Comparative Orthopedic Research, Equine Health Studies Program, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
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80
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Silva Filho OFD, Argôlo Neto NM, Carvalho MAMD, Carvalho YKD, Diniz ADN, Moura LDS, Ambrósio CE, Monteiro JM, Almeida HMD, Miglino MA, Alves JDJRP, Macedo KV, Rocha ARD, Feitosa MLT, Alves FR. Isolation and characterization of mesenchymal progenitors derived from the bone marrow of goats native from northeastern Brazil. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 29:478-84. [PMID: 25140588 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502014000800001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize bone marrow progenitors cells grown in vitro, using native goats from northeastern Brazil as animal model. METHODS Ten northeastern Brazil native goats of both genders were used from the Piauí Federal University Agricultural Science Center's (UFPI) - Goat Farming Sector. Bone marrow aspirates where taken from the tibial ridge and seeded on culture plates for isolation, expansion and Flow Cytometry (expression markers - Oct-3/4, PCNA, Ck-Pan, Vimentina, Nanog). RESULTS Progenitor cells showed colonies characterized by the presence of cell pellets with fibroblastoid morphology. Cell confluence was taken after 14 days culture and the non-adherent mononuclear cell progressive reduction. After the first passage, 94.36% cell viability was observed, starting from 4.6 x 106 cell/mL initially seeded. Cells that went through flow cytometry showed positive expression for Oct-3/4, PCNA, Ck-Pan, Vimentina, and Nanog. CONCLUSIONS Bone marrow progenitor isolated of native goats from northeastern Brazil showed expression markers also seen in embryonic stem cells (Oct-3/4, Nanog), markers of cell proliferation (PCNA) and markers for mesenchymal cells (Vimentina and Ck-pan), which associated to morphological and culture growth features, suggest the existence of a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) population in the goat bone marrow stromal cells studied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Eduardo Ambrósio
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, Sao Paulo University, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
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81
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Marx C, Silveira MD, Beyer Nardi N. Adipose-derived stem cells in veterinary medicine: characterization and therapeutic applications. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:803-13. [PMID: 25556829 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells, considered one of the most promising cell types for therapeutic applications due to their capacity to secrete regenerative bioactive molecules, are present in all tissues. Stem cells derived from the adipose tissue have been increasingly used for cell therapy in humans and animals, both as freshly isolated, stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells, or as cultivated adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). ASCs have been characterized in different animal species for proliferation, differentiation potential, immunophenotype, gene expression, and potential for tissue engineering. Whereas canine and equine ASCs are well studied, feline cells are still poorly known. Many companies around the world offer ASC therapy for dogs, cats, and horses, although in most countries these activities are not yet controlled by regulatory agencies. This is the first study to review the characterization and clinical use of SVF and ASCs in spontaneously occurring diseases in veterinary patients. Although a relatively large number of studies investigating ASC therapy in induced lesions are available in the literature, a surprisingly small number of reports describe ASC therapy for naturally affected dogs, cats, and horses. A total of seven studies were found with dogs, only two studies in cats, and four in horses. Taken as a whole, the results do not allow a conclusion on the effect of this therapy, due to the generally small number of patients included, diversity of cell populations used, and lack of adequate controls. Further controlled studies are clearly needed to establish the real potential of ASC in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Marx
- 1 Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Universidade Luterana do Brasil , Canoas, RS, Brazil
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82
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Wa Q, Gao M, Dai X, Yu T, Zhou Z, Xu D, Zou X. Induction of chondrogenic differentiation of mouse embryonic mesenchymal stem cells through an in vitro pellet model. Cell Biol Int 2015; 39:657-65. [PMID: 25985822 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingde Wa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital; Sun Yat-sen University; Zhongshan 2nd Road Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Manman Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital; Sun Yat-sen University; Zhongshan 2nd Road Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Xuejun Dai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital; Sun Yat-sen University; Zhongshan 2nd Road Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital; Sun Yat-sen University; Zhongshan 2nd Road Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Zhiyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital; Sun Yat-sen University; Zhongshan 2nd Road Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Dongliang Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital; Sun Yat-sen University; Zhongshan 2nd Road Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Xuenong Zou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; The First Affiliated Hospital; Sun Yat-sen University; Zhongshan 2nd Road Guangzhou 510080 China
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83
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Characterization of adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction for clinical application to cartilage regeneration. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2014; 51:142-50. [PMID: 25361717 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-014-9814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow concentration (BMC) is the most recognized procedure to prepare mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration. However, bone marrow aspiration is highly invasive and results in low stem cell numbers. Recently, adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (AT-SVF) was studied as an alternate source of stem cells for cartilage regeneration. However, AT-SVF is not fully characterized in terms of functional equivalence to BMC. Therefore, in this study, we characterized AT-SVF and assessed its suitability as a one-step surgical procedure for cartilage regeneration, as an alternative to BMC. AT-SVF contained approximately sixfold less nucleated cells than BMC. However, adherent cells in AT-SVF were fourfold greater than BMC. Additionally, the colony-forming unit frequency of AT-SVF was higher than that of BMC, at 0.5 and 0.01%, respectively. The mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) population (CD45-CD31-CD90+CD105+) was 4.28% in AT-SVF and 0.42% in BMC, and the adipose-derived stromal cell (ASC) population (CD34+CD31-CD146-) was 32% in AT-SVF and 0.16% in BMC. In vitro chondrogenesis demonstrated that micromass was not formed in BMC, whereas it was clearly formed in AT-SVF. Taken together, uncultured AT-SVF could be used in one-step surgery for cartilage regeneration as a substitute for BMC.
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84
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Maciel BB, Rebelatto CL, Brofman PR, Brito HF, Patricio LF, Cruz MA, Locatelli-Dittrich R. Morphology and morphometry of feline bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in culture. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2014001100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are increasingly being proposed as a therapeutic option for treatment of a variety of different diseases in human and veterinary medicine. Stem cells have been isolated from feline bone marrow, however, very few data exist about the morphology of these cells and no data were found about the morphometry of feline bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). The objectives of this study were the isolation, growth evaluation, differentiation potential and characterization of feline BM-MSCs by their morphological and morphometric characteristics. in vitro differentiation assays were conducted to confirm the multipotency of feline MSC, as assessed by their ability to differentiate into three cell lineages (osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes). To evaluate morphological and morphometric characteristics the cells are maintained in culture. Cells were observed with light microscope, with association of dyes, and they were measured at 24, 48, 72 and 120h of culture (P1 and P3). The non-parametric ANOVA test for independent samples was performed and the means were compared by Tukey's test. On average, the number of mononuclear cells obtained was 12.29 (±6.05x10(6)) cells/mL of bone marrow. Morphologically, BM-MSCs were long and fusiforms, and squamous with abundant cytoplasm. In the morphometric study of the cells, it was observed a significant increase in average length of cells during the first passage. The cell lengths were 106.97±38.16µm and 177.91±71.61µm, respectively, at first and third passages (24 h). The cell widths were 30.79±16.75 µm and 40.18±20.46µm, respectively, at first and third passages (24 h).The nucleus length of the feline BM-MSCs at P1 increased from 16.28µm (24h) to 21.29µm (120h). However, at P3, the nucleus length was 26.35µm (24h) and 25.22µm (120h). This information could be important for future application and use of feline BM-MSCs.
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85
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Yang W, Zheng H, Wang Y, Lian F, Hu Z, Xue S. Nesprin-1 has key roles in the process of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into cardiomyocyte-like cells in vivo and in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:133-42. [PMID: 25339194 PMCID: PMC4237090 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of nesprin-1 protein in MSCs and its effects on the differentiation of rat bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Surface-associated antigens of MSCs were detected by flow cytometry. MSC differentiation was induced by treatment with 10 μmol/l 5-azacytidine. Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized prior to thoracotomy and subsequent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery to establish a model of myocardial infarction. Two weeks following myocardial infarction, DAPI-marked MSCs were injected into the infarcted region in the experimental group, while DMEM was injected into the infarcted region of the control group. Characteristics of the putative cardiac-myogenic cells were evaluated using immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent analysis. The messenger RNA expression levels of cardiac-myogenic specific genes; desmin, α-actinin and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression of nesprin-1 protein in MSCs was identified by immunofluorescence and western blot analysis, prior to and following MSC differentiation. Following differentiation, the MSCs appeared spindle-shaped with irregular processes and were positive for CD90 and CD29, but negative for CD45. Cardiomyocyte-like cells were positive for desmin, α-sarcomeric actin and cTnI. Nesprin protein was detected in the nuclear membrane via immunofluorescence, and following MSC differentiation into cardiomyocyte-like cells, the expression of nesprin protein was significantly higher (*P=0.03<0.05). The results of the present study indicated that MSCs may be differentiated in vitro and in vivo into cells with characteristics commonly attributed to cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocyte-like cells cultured from bone marrow sources may be potentially useful for repairing the injured myocardium. The results also suggested that, consistent with the results of previous studies, the expression of nesprin-1 protein was higher during the differentiation process of MSCs and may have an important role in mediating MSC differentiation. Elucidation of the role of nesprin-1 in MSC differentiation may aid in the development of novel therapies for the treatment of myocardial ischemia and nesprin-1 genetic deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Yongyi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Feng Lian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Zhenglei Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
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86
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Gonçalves NN, Ambrósio CE, Piedrahita JA. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine in Domestic and Companion Animals: A Multispecies Perspective. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 49 Suppl 4:2-10. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- NN Gonçalves
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; FZEA/USP; Pirassununga Sao Paulo Brazil
- Department of Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; FMVZ/USP; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - CE Ambrósio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; FZEA/USP; Pirassununga Sao Paulo Brazil
- Department of Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; FMVZ/USP; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - JA Piedrahita
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC USA
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC USA
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87
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Vidane AS, Souza AF, Sampaio RV, Bressan FF, Pieri NC, Martins DS, Meirelles FV, Miglino MA, Ambrósio CE. Cat amniotic membrane multipotent cells are nontumorigenic and are safe for use in cell transplantation. STEM CELLS AND CLONING-ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 2014; 7:71-8. [PMID: 25249758 PMCID: PMC4155810 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s67790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) are multipotent cells with an enhanced ability to differentiate into multiple lineages. AMSCs can be acquired through noninvasive methods, and therefore are exempt from the typical ethical issues surrounding stem cell use. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize AMSCs from a cat amniotic membrane for future application in regenerative medicine. The cat AMSCs were harvested after mechanical and enzymatic digestion of amnion. In culture medium, the cat AMSCs adhered to a plastic culture dish and displayed a fibroblast-like morphology. Immunophenotyping assays were positive for the mesenchymal stem cell-specific markers CD73 and CD90 but not the hematopoietic markers CD34, CD45, and CD79. Under appropriate conditions, the cat AMSCs differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic cell lineages. One advantage of cat AMSCs was nonteratogenicity, assessed 4 weeks post injection of undifferentiated AMSCs into immunodeficient mice. These findings suggest that cat amniotic membranes may be an important and useful source of mesenchymal stem cells for clinical applications, especially for cell or tissue replacement in chronic and degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanasio S Vidane
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline F Souza
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael V Sampaio
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana F Bressan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Naira C Pieri
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniele S Martins
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavio V Meirelles
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria A Miglino
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos E Ambrósio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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88
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Riaño NB, Vera VJ. AISLAMIENTO, CARACTERIZACIÓN Y POTENCIAL DE DIFERENCIACIÓN DE CÉLULAS MADRE MESENQUIMALES CANINAS, DERIVADAS DE TEJIDO ADIPOSO. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA Y DE ZOOTECNIA 2014. [DOI: 10.15446/rfmvz.v61n2.44675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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89
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A critical role of autocrine sonic hedgehog signaling in human CD138+ myeloma cell survival and drug resistance. Blood 2014; 124:2061-71. [PMID: 25049282 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-03-557298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays an important role in the oncogenesis of B-cell malignancies such as multiple myeloma (MM). However, the source of Hh ligand sonic hedgehog (SHH) and its target cells remains controversial. Previous studies showed that stromally induced Hh signaling is essential for the tumor cells and that CD19(+)CD138(-) MM stem cells are the target cells of Hh signaling. Here we demonstrate that SHH was mainly secreted by human myeloma cells but not by stromal cells in MM bone marrow. Autocrine SHH enhanced CD138(+) myeloma cell proliferation and protected myeloma cells from spontaneous and stress-induced apoptosis. More importantly, autocrine SHH protected myeloma cells against chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Combinational treatment with chemotherapy and SHH-neutralizing antibody displayed synergistic antimyeloma effects. Mechanistic studies showed that SHH signaling activated the SHH/GLI1/BCL-2 axis, leading to the inhibition of myeloma cell apoptosis. Thus, this study identifies the myeloma autocrine Hh signaling pathway as a potential target for the treatment of MM. Targeting this pathway may improve the efficacy of chemotherapy in MM patients.
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90
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Screven R, Kenyon E, Myers MJ, Yancy HF, Skasko M, Boxer L, Bigley EC, Borjesson DL, Zhu M. Immunophenotype and gene expression profile of mesenchymal stem cells derived from canine adipose tissue and bone marrow. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2014; 161:21-31. [PMID: 25026887 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Veterinary adult stem cell therapy is an emerging area of basic and clinical research. Like their human counterparts, veterinary mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer many potential therapeutic benefits. The characterization of canine-derived MSCs, however, is poorly defined compared to human MSCs. Furthermore, little consensus exists regarding the expression of canine MSC cell surface markers. To address this issue, this study investigated characteristics of cultured canine MSCs derived from both adipose tissue and bone marrow. The canine MSCs were obtained from donors of various breeds and ages. A panel of cell surface markers for canine MSCs was selected based on current human and canine literature and the availability of canine-reactive antibodies. Using flow cytometry, canine MSCs were defined to be CD90(+)CD44(+)MHC I(+)CD14(-)CD29(-)CD34(-)MHC II(-). Canine MSCs were further characterized using real-time RT-PCR as CD105(+)CD73(+)CD14(+)CD29(+)MHC II(+)CD45(-) at the mRNA level. Among these markers, canine MSCs differed from canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by the absence of CD45 expression at the mRNA level. A novel high-throughput canine-specific PCR array was developed and used to identify changes in the gene expression profiles of canine MSCs. Genes including PTPRC, TNF, β2M, TGFβ1, and PDGFRβ, were identified as unique to canine MSCs as compared to canine PBMCs. Our findings will facilitate characterization of canine MSCs for use in research and clinical trials. Moreover, the high-throughput PCR array is a novel tool for characterizing canine MSCs isolated from different tissues and potentially from different laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudell Screven
- Office of Research, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA
| | - Elizabeth Kenyon
- Office of Research, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA
| | - Michael J Myers
- Office of Research, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA
| | - Haile F Yancy
- Office of Research, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA
| | - Mark Skasko
- Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 7500 Standish Place, Rockville, MD 20855, USA
| | - Lynne Boxer
- Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 7500 Standish Place, Rockville, MD 20855, USA
| | - Elmer C Bigley
- Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA
| | - Dori L Borjesson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Min Zhu
- Office of Research, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, USA.
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91
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Ribitsch I, Burk J, Delling U, Geißler C, Gittel C, Jülke H, Brehm W. Basic science and clinical application of stem cells in veterinary medicine. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 123:219-63. [PMID: 20309674 DOI: 10.1007/10_2010_66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells play an important role in veterinary medicine in different ways. Currently several stem cell therapies for animal patients are being developed and some, like the treatment of equine tendinopathies with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), have already successfully entered the market. Moreover, animal models are widely used to study the properties and potential of stem cells for possible future applications in human medicine. Therefore, in the young and emerging field of stem cell research, human and veterinary medicine are intrinsically tied to one another. Many of the pioneering innovations in the field of stem cell research are achieved by cooperating teams of human and veterinary medical scientists.Embryonic stem (ES) cell research, for instance, is mainly performed in animals. Key feature of ES cells is their potential to contribute to any tissue type of the body (Reed and Johnson, J Cell Physiol 215:329-336, 2008). ES cells are capable of self-renewal and thus have the inherent potential for exceptionally prolonged culture (up to 1-2 years). So far, ES cells have been recovered and maintained from non-human primate, mouse (Fortier, Vet Surg 34:415-423, 2005) and horse blastocysts (Guest and Allen, Stem Cells Dev 16:789-796, 2007). In addition, bovine ES cells have been grown in primary culture and there are several reports of ES cells derived from mink, rat, rabbit, chicken and pigs (Fortier, Vet Surg 34:415-423, 2005). However, clinical applications of ES cells are not possible yet, due to their in vivo teratogenic degeneration. The potential to form a teratoma consisting of tissues from all three germ lines even serves as a definitive in vivo test for ES cells.Stem cells obtained from any postnatal organism are defined as adult stem cells. Adult haematopoietic and MSCs, which can easily be recovered from extra embryonic or adult tissues, possess a more limited plasticity than their embryonic counterparts (Reed and Johnson, J Cell Physiol 215:329-336, 2008). It is believed that these stem cells serve as cell source to maintain tissue and organ mass during normal cell turnover in adult individuals. Therefore, the focus of attention in veterinary science is currently drawn to adult stem cells and their potential in regenerative medicine. Also experience gained from the treatment of animal patients provides valuable information for human medicine and serves as precursor to future stem cell use in human medicine.Compared to human medicine, haematopoietic stem cells only play a minor role in veterinary medicine because medical conditions requiring myeloablative chemotherapy followed by haematopoietic stem cell induced recovery of the immune system are relatively rare and usually not being treated for monetary as well as animal welfare reasons.In contrast, regenerative medicine utilising MSCs for the treatment of acute injuries as well as chronic disorders is gradually turning into clinical routine. Therefore, MSCs from either extra embryonic or adult tissues are in the focus of attention in veterinary medicine and research. Hence the purpose of this chapter is to offer an overview on basic science and clinical application of MSCs in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ribitsch
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig, Germany,
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92
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Hannon CP, Smyth NA, Murawski CD, Savage-Elliott I, Deyer TW, Calder JDF, Kennedy JG. Osteochondral lesions of the talus: aspects of current management. Bone Joint J 2014; 96-B:164-71. [PMID: 24493179 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.96b2.31637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Osteochondral lesions (OCLs) occur in up to 70% of sprains and fractures involving the ankle. Atraumatic aetiologies have also been described. Techniques such as microfracture, and replacement strategies such as autologous osteochondral transplantation, or autologous chondrocyte implantation are the major forms of surgical treatment. Current literature suggests that microfracture is indicated for lesions up to 15 mm in diameter, with replacement strategies indicated for larger or cystic lesions. Short- and medium-term results have been reported, where concerns over potential deterioration of fibrocartilage leads to a need for long-term evaluation. Biological augmentation may also be used in the treatment of OCLs, as they potentially enhance the biological environment for a natural healing response. Further research is required to establish the critical size of defect, beyond which replacement strategies should be used, as well as the most appropriate use of biological augmentation. This paper reviews the current evidence for surgical management and use of biological adjuncts for treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Hannon
- Hospital for Special Surgery, 523 East 72nd Street, 5th Floor Rm 514, New York, USA
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93
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Abstract
Microencapsulation is a technique used in both controlled delivery of materials over time as well as preservation of these materials while delivery is occurring. The range of materials able to be encapsulated is variable, from drugs to living cells. The latter is described here. Electrospray microencapsulation applies a high-voltage field, through which a polymeric material is extruded. A gelling bath, comprising a cross-linking material, is used to create a stable hydrogel containing secondary substances intended for delivery. Control of extrusion parameters, such as flow rate and voltage, allows for specification of diameter and pore sizes of the microcapsules.
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94
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Betsch M, Thelen S, Santak L, Herten M, Jungbluth P, Miersch D, Hakimi M, Wild M. The role of erythropoietin and bone marrow concentrate in the treatment of osteochondral defects in mini-pigs. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92766. [PMID: 24676029 PMCID: PMC3968023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background All available treatment options for osteochondral and chondral defects do not restore hyaline cartilage and are limited to decreasing associated pain, and maintaining or improving joint function. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of erythropoietin (EPO) in combination with bone marrow aspiration concentrate (BMAC) in the treatment of osteochondral defects of mini-pigs. Methods 14 Goettinger mini-pigs, in which a 6×10 mm osteochondral defect in the medial femoral condyle of both knee joints was created, were randomized into four groups: biphasic scaffold alone, scaffold with EPO, scaffold with BMAC and scaffold in combination with EPO and BMAC. After 26 weeks all animals were euthanized and histological slides were evaluated using a modified ÓDriscoll Score. Results In the therapy groups, areas of chondrogenic tissue that contained collagen II were present. Adding EPO (p = 0.245) or BMAC (p = 0.099) alone to the scaffold led to a non-significant increase in the score compared to the control group. However, the combination of EPO and BMAC in the implanted scaffold showed a significant improvement (p = 0.02) in the histological score. Conclusion The results of our study show that in mini-pigs, the combination of EPO and BMAC leads to an enhanced osteochondral healing. However, additional research is necessary to further improve the repair tissue and to define the role of MSCs and EPO in cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Betsch
- Department of Trauma and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Simon Thelen
- Department of Trauma and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Laila Santak
- Department of Trauma and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Monika Herten
- Department of and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Pascal Jungbluth
- Department of Trauma and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Miersch
- Department of Trauma and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Mohssen Hakimi
- Department of Trauma and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Wild
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Klinikum Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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95
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Pluripotent and Multipotent Domestic Cat Stem Cells: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects. STEM CELLS IN ANIMAL SPECIES: FROM PRE-CLINIC TO BIODIVERSITY 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03572-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Differentiation of dental pulp stem cells into neuron-like cells in serum-free medium. Stem Cells Int 2013; 2013:250740. [PMID: 24348580 PMCID: PMC3852491 DOI: 10.1155/2013/250740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp tissue contains dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Dental pulp cells (also known as dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells) are capable of differentiating into multilineage cells including neuron-like cells. The aim of this study was to examine the capability of DPSCs to differentiate into neuron-like cells without using any reagents or growth factors. DPSCs were isolated from teeth extracted from 6- to 8-week-old mice and maintained in complete medium. The cells from the fourth passage were induced to differentiate by culturing in medium without serum or growth factors. RT-PCR molecular analysis showed characteristics of Cd146(+) , Cd166(+) , and Cd31(-) in DPSCs, indicating that these cells are mesenchymal stem cells rather than hematopoietic stem cells. After 5 days of neuronal differentiation, the cells showed neuron-like morphological changes and expressed MAP2 protein. The activation of Nestin was observed at low level prior to differentiation and increased after 5 days of culture in differentiation medium, whereas Tub3 was activated only after 5 days of neuronal differentiation. The proliferation of the differentiated cells decreased in comparison to that of the control cells. Dental pulp stem cells are induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells when cultured in serum- and growth factor-free medium.
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97
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Kono S, Kazama T, Kano K, Harada K, Uechi M, Matsumoto T. Phenotypic and functional properties of feline dedifferentiated fat cells and adipose-derived stem cells. Vet J 2013; 199:88-96. [PMID: 24300011 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that mature adipocyte-derived dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells show multilineage differentiation potential similar to that observed in mesenchymal stem cells. Since DFAT cells can be prepared from a small quantity of adipose tissue, they could facilitate cell-based therapies in small companion animals such as cats. The present study examined whether multipotent DFAT cells can be generated from feline adipose tissue, and the properties of DFAT cells were compared with those of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). DFAT cells and ASCs were prepared from the floating mature adipocyte fraction and the stromal vascular fraction, respectively, of collagenase-digested feline omental adipose tissue. Both cell types were evaluated for growth kinetics, colony-forming unit fibroblast (CFU-F) frequency, immunophenotypic properties, and multilineage differentiation potential. DFAT cells and ASCs could be generated from approximately 1g of adipose tissue and were grown and subcultured on laminin-coated dishes. The frequency of CFU-Fs in DFAT cells (35.8%) was significantly higher than that in ASCs (20.8%) at passage 1 (P1). DFAT cells and ASCs displayed similar immunophenotypes (CD44(+), CD90(+), CD105(+), CD14(-), CD34(-) and CD45(-)). Alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive cells were readily detected in ASCs (15.2±7.2%) but were rare in DFAT cells (2.2±3.2%) at P1. Both cell types exhibited adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, and smooth muscle cell differentiation potential in vitro. In conclusion, feline DFAT cells exhibited similar properties to ASCs but displayed higher CFU-F frequency and greater homogeneity. DFAT cells, like ASCs, may be an attractive source for cell-based therapies in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Kono
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Science, Nihon University, Fujisawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kazama
- Department of Functional Morphology, Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Koichiro Kano
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, College of Bioresource Science, Nihon University, Fujisawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Kayoko Harada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Science, Nihon University, Fujisawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Masami Uechi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Science, Nihon University, Fujisawa 252-0880, Japan
| | - Taro Matsumoto
- Department of Functional Morphology, Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan.
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98
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Rutigliano L, Corradetti B, Valentini L, Bizzaro D, Meucci A, Cremonesi F, Lange-Consiglio A. Molecular characterization and in vitro differentiation of feline progenitor-like amniotic epithelial cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013; 4:133. [PMID: 24405576 PMCID: PMC3854755 DOI: 10.1186/scrt344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction While amniotic mesenchymal cells have been isolated and characterized in different species, amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) have been found only in humans and horses and are recently considered valid candidates in regenerative medicine. The aim of this work is to obtain and characterize, for the first time in the feline species, presumptive stem cells from the epithelial portion of the amnion (AECs) to be used for clinical applications. Methods In our study, we molecularly characterized and induced in vitro differentiation of feline AECs, obtained after enzymatic digestion of amnion. Results AECs displayed a polygonal morphology and the mean doubling time value was 1.94 ± 0.04 days demonstrating the high proliferating capacity of these cells. By RT-PCR, AECs expressed pluripotent (Oct4, Nanog) and some mesenchymal markers (CD166, CD44) suggesting that an epithelial-mesenchymal transition may occur in these cells that lack the hematopoietic marker CD34. Cells also showed the expression of embryonic marker SSEA-4, but not SSEA-3, as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. Moreover, the possibility to use feline AECs in cell therapies resides in their low immunogenicity, due to the absence of MHC-II antigen expression. After induction, AECs differentiated into the mesodermic and ectodermic lineages, demonstrating high plasticity. Conclusions In conclusion, feline AECs appear to be a readily obtainable, highly proliferative, multipotent and non-immunogenic cell line from a source that may represent a good model system for stem cell biology and be useful in allogenic cell-based therapies in order to treat tissue lesions, especially with loss of substance.
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99
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Calloni R, Viegas GS, Türck P, Bonatto D, Pegas Henriques JA. Mesenchymal stromal cells from unconventional model organisms. Cytotherapy 2013; 16:3-16. [PMID: 24113426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent, plastic, adherent cells able to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondroblasts and adipocytes. MSCs can be isolated from many different body compartments of adult and fetal individuals. The most commonly studied MSCs are isolated from humans, mice and rats. However, studies are also being conducted with the use of MSCs that originate from different model organisms, such as cats, dogs, guinea pigs, ducks, chickens, buffalo, cattle, sheep, goats, horses, rabbits and pigs. MSCs derived from unconventional model organisms all present classic fibroblast-like morphology, the expression of MSC-associated cell surface markers such as CD44, CD73, CD90 and CD105 and the absence of CD34 and CD45. Moreover, these MSCs have the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondroblasts and adipocytes. The MSCs isolated from unconventional model organisms are being studied for their potential to heal different tissue defects and injuries and for the development of scaffold compositions that improve the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Calloni
- Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil
| | - Gabrihel Stumpf Viegas
- Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil
| | - Patrick Türck
- Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil
| | - Diego Bonatto
- Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil.
| | - João Antonio Pegas Henriques
- Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil
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100
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Lu T, Huang Y, Wang H, Ma Y, Guan W. Multi-lineage potential research of bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs) from cattle. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:21-35. [PMID: 24043451 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bovine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bBMSCs) were isolated from the bone marrow of a 4-6-month-old fetal bovine and then characterized by immunofluorescence and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. We found that primary bBMSCs could be expanded for 46 passages; the total culture time in vitro was 125 days. The results of surface antigen detection showed that bBMSCs expressed CD29, CD44, and CD73 but did not express endothelial cells and hematopoietic cells-specific marker CD31, CD34, and CD45. The cells from four passages (passages 3, 9, 15, and 25) were successfully induced to differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, hepatic, and islet-like cells. The results indicate the potential for multi-lineage differentiation of bBMSCs that may represent an ideal candidate for cellular transplantation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taofeng Lu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
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