51
|
Ceravolo L, Schaerlaeken S, Frühholz S, Glowinski D, Grandjean D. Frontoparietal, Cerebellum Network Codes for Accurate Intention Prediction in Altered Perceptual Conditions. Cereb Cortex Commun 2021; 2:tgab031. [PMID: 34296176 PMCID: PMC8190560 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgab031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrating and predicting the intentions and actions of others are critical components of social interactions, but the behavioral and neural bases of such mechanisms under altered perceptual conditions are poorly understood. In the present study, we recruited expert violinists and age-matched controls with no musical training and asked them to evaluate simplified dynamic stimuli of violinists playing in a piano or forte communicative intent while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. We show that expertise is needed to successfully understand and evaluate communicative intentions in spatially and temporally altered visual representations of musical performance. Frontoparietal regions-such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the inferior parietal lobule and sulcus-and various subregions of the cerebellum-such as cerebellar lobules I-IV, V, VI, VIIb, VIIIa, X-a re recruited in the process. Functional connectivity between these brain areas reveals widespread organization, particularly in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, inferior frontal gyrus, inferior parietal sulcus, and in the cerebellum. This network may be essential to successfully assess communicative intent in ambiguous or complex visual scenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Ceravolo
- Neuroscience of Emotion and Affective Dynamics Lab, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences and Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Schaerlaeken
- Neuroscience of Emotion and Affective Dynamics Lab, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences and Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Frühholz
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - D Glowinski
- Neuroscience of Emotion and Affective Dynamics Lab, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences and Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Grandjean
- Neuroscience of Emotion and Affective Dynamics Lab, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences and Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Action Imagery and Observation in Neurorehabilitation for Parkinson's Disease (ACTION-PD): Development of a User-Informed Home Training Intervention to Improve Functional Hand Movements. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2021; 2021:4559519. [PMID: 34336183 PMCID: PMC8324342 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4559519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) causes difficulties with hand movements, which few studies have addressed therapeutically. Training with action observation (AO) and motor imagery (MI) improves performance in healthy individuals, particularly when the techniques are applied simultaneously (AO + MI). Both AO and MI have shown promising effects in people with PD, but previous studies have only used these separately. Objective This article describes the development and pilot testing of an intervention combining AO + MI and physical practice to improve functional manual actions in people with PD. Methods The home-based intervention, delivered using a tablet computer app, was iteratively designed by an interdisciplinary team, including people with PD, and further developed through focus groups and initial field testing. Preliminary data on feasibility were obtained via a six-week pilot randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN 11184024) of 10 participants with mild to moderate PD (6 intervention; 4 treatment as usual). Usage and adherence data were recorded during training, and semistructured interviews were conducted with participants. Exploratory outcome measures included dexterity and timed action performance. Results Usage and qualitative data provided preliminary evidence of acceptability and usability. Exploratory outcomes also suggested that subjective and objective performance of manual actions should be tested in a larger trial. The importance of personalisation, choice, and motivation was highlighted, as well as the need to facilitate engagement in motor imagery. Conclusions The results indicate that a larger RCT is warranted, and the findings also have broader relevance for the feasibility and development of AO + MI interventions for PD and other conditions.
Collapse
|
53
|
The effects of dual-task interference in predicting turn-ends in speech and music. Brain Res 2021; 1768:147571. [PMID: 34216579 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Determining when a partner's spoken or musical turn will end requires well-honed predictive abilities. Evidence suggests that our motor systems are activated during perception of both speech and music, and it has been argued that motor simulation is used to predict turn-ends across domains. Here we used a dual-task interference paradigm to investigate whether motor simulation of our partner's action underlies our ability to make accurate turn-end predictions in speech and in music. Furthermore, we explored how specific this simulation is to the action being predicted. We conducted two experiments, one investigating speech turn-ends, and one investigating music turn-ends. In each, 34 proficient pianists predicted turn-endings while (1) passively listening, (2) producing an effector-specific motor activity (mouth/hand movement), or (3) producing a task- and effector-specific motor activity (mouthing words/fingering a piano melody). In the speech experiment, any movement during speech perception disrupted predictions of spoken turn-ends, whether the movement was task-specific or not. In the music experiment, only task-specific movement (i.e., fingering a piano melody) disrupted predictions of musical turn-ends. These findings support the use of motor simulation to make turn-end predictions in both speech and music but suggest that the specificity of this simulation may differ between domains.
Collapse
|
54
|
Le TM, Wang W, Zhornitsky S, Dhingra I, Zhang S, Li CSR. Interdependent Neural Correlates of Reward and Punishment Sensitivity During Rewarded Action and Inhibition of Action. Cereb Cortex 2021; 30:1662-1676. [PMID: 31667492 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Imaging studies have distinguished the brain correlates of approach and avoidance behaviors and suggested the influence of individual differences in trait sensitivity to reward (SR) and punishment (SP) on these neural processes. Theoretical work of reinforcement sensitivity postulates that SR and SP may interdependently regulate behavior. Here, we examined the distinct and interrelated neural substrates underlying rewarded action versus inhibition of action in relation to SR and SP as evaluated by the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire. Forty-nine healthy adults performed a reward go/no-go task with approximately 2/3 go and 1/3 no-go trials. Correct go and no-go responses were rewarded and incorrect responses were penalized. The results showed that SR and SP modulated rewarded go and no-go, respectively, both by recruiting the rostral anterior cingulate cortex and left middle frontal gyrus (rACC/left MFG). Importantly, SR and SP influenced these regional activations in opposite directions, thus exhibiting an antagonistic relationship as suggested by the reinforcement sensitivity theory. Furthermore, mediation analysis revealed that heightened SR contributed to higher rewarded go success rate via enhanced rACC/left MFG activity. The findings demonstrate interrelated neural correlates of SR and SP to support the diametric processes of behavioral approach and avoidance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thang M Le
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Wuyi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Simon Zhornitsky
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Isha Dhingra
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Rizzolatti G, Fabbri-Destro M, Nuara A, Gatti R, Avanzini P. The role of mirror mechanism in the recovery, maintenance, and acquisition of motor abilities. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:404-423. [PMID: 33910057 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
While it is well documented that the motor system is more than a mere implementer of motor actions, the possible applications of its cognitive side are still under-exploited, often remaining as poorly organized evidence. Here, we will collect evidence showing the value of action observation treatment (AOT) in the recovery of impaired motor abilities for a vast number of clinical conditions, spanning from traumatological patients to brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. Alongside, we will discuss the use of AOT in the maintenance of appropriate motor behavior in subjects at risk for events with dramatic physical consequences, like fall prevention in elderly people or injury prevention in sports. Finally, we will report that AOT can help to tune existing motor competencies in fields requiring precise motor control. We will connect all these diverse dots into the neurophysiological scenario offered by decades of research on the human mirror mechanism, discussing the potentialities for individualization. Empowered by modern technologies, AOT can impact individuals' safety and quality of life across the whole lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Rizzolatti
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Arturo Nuara
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Parma, Italy; Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche, e Neuroscienze, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Gatti
- Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Avanzini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Parma, Italy; Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Nijssen SRR, Pletti C, Paulus M, Müller BCN. Does agency matter? Neural processing of robotic movements in 4- and 8-year olds. Neuropsychologia 2021; 157:107853. [PMID: 33891957 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the increase in interactions between children and robots, our understanding of children's neural processing of robotic movements is limited. The current study theorized that motor resonance hinges on the agency of an actor: its ability to perform actions volitionally. As one of the first studies with a cross-sectional sample of preschoolers and older children and with a specific focus on robotic action (rather than abstract non-human action), the current study investigated whether the perceived agency of a robot moderated children's motor resonance for robotic movements, and whether this changed with age. Motor resonance was measured using electroencephalography (EEG) by assessing mu power while 4 and 8-year-olds observed actions performed by agentic versus non-agentic robots and humans. Results show that older children resonated more strongly with non-agentic than agentic robotic or human movement, while no such differences were found for preschoolers. This outcome is discussed in terms of a predictive coding account of motor resonance. Importantly, these findings contribute to the existing set of studies on this topic by showing that, while keeping all kinematic information constant, there is a clear developmental difference in how children process robotic movement depending on the level of agency of a robot.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sari R R Nijssen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Carolina Pletti
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Paulus
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara C N Müller
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Conboy V, Edwards C, Ainsworth R, Natusch D, Burcham C, Danisment B, Khot S, Seymour R, Larcombe SJ, Tracey I, Kolasinski J. Chronic musculoskeletal impairment is associated with alterations in brain regions responsible for the production and perception of movement. J Physiol 2021; 599:2255-2272. [PMID: 33675033 PMCID: PMC8132184 DOI: 10.1113/jp281273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Massive irreparable rotator cuff tear was used as a model to study the impact of chronic pain and motor impairment on the motor systems of the human brain using magnetic resonance imaging. Patients show markers of lower grey/white matter integrity and lower functional connectivity compared with control participants in regions responsible for movement and the perception of visual movement and body shape. An independent cohort of patients showed relative deficits in the perception of visual motion and hand laterality compared with an age-matched control group. These data support the hypothesis that the structure and function of the motor control system differs in patients who have experienced chronic motor impairment. This work also raises a new hypothesis, supported by neuroimaging and behaviour, that a loss of motor function could also be associated with off-target effects, namely a reduced ability to perceive motion and body form. ABSTRACT Changes in the way we move can induce changes in the brain, yet we know little of such plasticity in relation to musculoskeletal diseases. Here we use massive irreparable rotator cuff tear as a model to study the impact of chronic motor impairment and pain on the human brain. Cuff tear destabilises the shoulder, impairing upper-limb function in overhead and load-bearing tasks. We used neuroimaging and behavioural testing to investigate how brain structure and function differed in cuff tear patients and controls (imaging: 21 patients, age 76.3 ± 7.68; 18 controls, age 74.9 ± 6.59; behaviour: 13 patients, age 75.5 ± 10.2; 11 controls, age 73.4 ± 5.01). We observed lower grey matter density and cortical thickness in cuff tear patients in the postcentral gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, temporal-parietal junction and the pulvinar - areas implicated in somatosensation, reach/grasp and body form perception. In patients we also observed lower functional connectivity between the motor network and the middle temporal visual cortex (MT), a region involved in visual motion perception. Lower white matter integrity was observed in patients in the inferior fronto-occipital/longitudinal fasciculi. We investigated the cognitive domains associated with the brain regions identified. Patients exhibited relative impairment in visual body judgements and the perception of biological/global motion. These data support our initial hypothesis that cuff tear is associated with differences in the brain's motor control regions in comparison with unaffected individuals. Moreover, our combination of neuroimaging and behavioural data raises a new hypothesis that chronic motor impairment is associated with an altered perception of visual motion and body form.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Conboy
- Torbay HospitalTorbay and South Devon NHS TrustNewton RdTorquayTQ2 7AAUK
| | - Carl Edwards
- Torbay HospitalTorbay and South Devon NHS TrustNewton RdTorquayTQ2 7AAUK
| | - Roberta Ainsworth
- Torbay HospitalTorbay and South Devon NHS TrustNewton RdTorquayTQ2 7AAUK
| | - Douglas Natusch
- Torbay HospitalTorbay and South Devon NHS TrustNewton RdTorquayTQ2 7AAUK
| | - Claire Burcham
- Torbay HospitalTorbay and South Devon NHS TrustNewton RdTorquayTQ2 7AAUK
| | - Buse Danisment
- Koç University HospitalTopkapıKoç Üniversitesi HastanesiDavutpasa Cd. No:4, ZeytinburnuIstanbul34010Turkey
| | - Sharmila Khot
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC)School of PsychologyCardiff UniversityMaindy RoadCardiffCF24 4HQUK
| | - Richard Seymour
- Torbay HospitalTorbay and South Devon NHS TrustNewton RdTorquayTQ2 7AAUK
| | - Stephanie J. Larcombe
- Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordJohn Radcliffe HospitalOxfordOX3 9DUUK
| | - Irene Tracey
- Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordJohn Radcliffe HospitalOxfordOX3 9DUUK
| | - James Kolasinski
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC)School of PsychologyCardiff UniversityMaindy RoadCardiffCF24 4HQUK
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Quadrelli E, Bartoli B, Bolognini N, Cavanna AE, Zibordi F, Nardocci N, Turati C, Termine C. Automatic imitation in youngsters with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: A behavioral study. Child Neuropsychol 2021; 27:782-798. [PMID: 33641606 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2021.1892050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
It is widely known that humans have a tendency to imitate each other and that appropriate modulation of automatic imitative behaviors has a crucial function in social interactions. Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by motor and phonic tics. Apart from tics, patients with GTS are often reported to show an abnormal tendency to automatically imitate others' behaviors (i.e., echophenomena), which may be related to a failure in top-down inhibition of imitative response tendencies. The aim of the current study is to explore the top-down inhibitory mechanisms on automatic imitative behaviors in youngsters with GTS. Error rates and reaction times from 32 participants with GTS and 32 controls were collected in response to an automatic imitation task assessing the influence of observed movements displayed in the first-person perspective on congruent and incongruent motor responses. Results showed that participants with GTS had higher error rates than controls, and their responses were faster than those of controls in incompatible stimuli. Our findings provide novel evidence of a key difference between youngsters with GTS and typically developing participants in the ability to effectively control the production of own motor responses to sensory inputs deriving from observed actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Quadrelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,NeuroMI, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - B Bartoli
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - N Bolognini
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,NeuroMI, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - A E Cavanna
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.,Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - F Zibordi
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - N Nardocci
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - C Turati
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,NeuroMI, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - C Termine
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Mancuso M, Tondo SD, Costantini E, Damora A, Sale P, Abbruzzese L. Action Observation Therapy for Upper Limb Recovery in Patients with Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Brain Sci 2021; 11:290. [PMID: 33652680 PMCID: PMC7996947 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11030290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the complexity of the interventions for upper limb recovery, at the moment there is a lack of evidence regarding innovative and effective rehabilitative interventions. Action Observation Training (AOT) constitutes a promising rehabilitative method to improve upper limb motor recovery in stroke patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential efficacy of AOT, both in upper limb recovery and in functional outcomes when compared to patients treated with task oriented training (TOT). Both treatments were added to traditional rehabilitative treatment. Thirty-two acute stroke patients at 15.6 days (±8.3) from onset, with moderate to severe upper limb impairment at baseline following their first-ever stroke, were enrolled and randomized into two groups: 16 in the experimental group (EG) and 16 in the control group (CG). The EG underwent 30 min sessions of AOT, and the CG underwent 30 min sessions of TOT. All participants received 20 sessions of treatment for four consecutive weeks (five days/week). The Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity (FMA-UE), Box and Block Test (BBT), Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) were administered at baseline (T0) and at the end of treatment (T1). No statistical differences were found at T0 for inclusion criteria between the CG and EG, whereas both groups improved significantly at T1. After the treatment period, the rehabilitative gain was greater in the EG compared to the CG for FMA-UE and FIM (all p < 0.05). Our results suggest that AOT can contribute to increased motor recovery in subacute stroke patients with moderate to severe upper limb impairment in the early phase after stroke. The improvements presented in this article, together with the lack of adverse events, confirm that the use of AOT should be broadened out to larger pools of subacute stroke patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Mancuso
- Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine Unit, NHS-USL Tuscany South-Est, Via Senese 169, 58100 Grosseto, GR, Italy;
- Tuscany Rehabilitation Clinic, Montevarchi, Piazza del Volontariato 2, Montevarchi, 52025 Arezzo, AR, Italy; (S.D.T.); (A.D.); (L.A.)
| | - Serena Di Tondo
- Tuscany Rehabilitation Clinic, Montevarchi, Piazza del Volontariato 2, Montevarchi, 52025 Arezzo, AR, Italy; (S.D.T.); (A.D.); (L.A.)
| | - Enza Costantini
- Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine Unit, NHS-USL Tuscany South-Est, Via Senese 169, 58100 Grosseto, GR, Italy;
| | - Alessio Damora
- Tuscany Rehabilitation Clinic, Montevarchi, Piazza del Volontariato 2, Montevarchi, 52025 Arezzo, AR, Italy; (S.D.T.); (A.D.); (L.A.)
| | - Patrizio Sale
- Sant’Isidoro Hospital, FERB Onlus, Via Ospedale 34, 24069 Trescore Balneario, BG, Italy;
| | - Laura Abbruzzese
- Tuscany Rehabilitation Clinic, Montevarchi, Piazza del Volontariato 2, Montevarchi, 52025 Arezzo, AR, Italy; (S.D.T.); (A.D.); (L.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Ramsey R, Kaplan DM, Cross ES. Watch and Learn: The Cognitive Neuroscience of Learning from Others' Actions. Trends Neurosci 2021; 44:478-491. [PMID: 33637286 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The mirror neuron system has dominated understanding of observational learning from a cognitive neuroscience perspective. Our review highlights the value of observational learning frameworks that integrate a more diverse and distributed set of cognitive and brain systems, including those implicated in sensorimotor transformations, as well as in more general processes such as executive control, reward, and social cognition. We argue that understanding how observational learning occurs in the real world will require neuroscientific frameworks that consider how visuomotor processes interface with more general aspects of cognition, as well as how learning context and action complexity shape mechanisms supporting learning from watching others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Ramsey
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
| | - David M Kaplan
- Department of Cognitive Science, Perception in Action Research Centre, Centre for Elite Performance, Expertise, and Training, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Emily S Cross
- Department of Cognitive Science, Perception in Action Research Centre, Centre for Elite Performance, Expertise, and Training, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Bieber E, Smits-Engelsman BCM, Sgandurra G, Di Gregorio F, Guzzetta A, Cioni G, Feys H, Klingels K. A new protocol for assessing action observation and imitation abilities in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A feasibility and reliability study. Hum Mov Sci 2020; 75:102717. [PMID: 33360601 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2020.102717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To develop a new protocol for the assessment of action observation (AO) abilities and imitation of meaningful and non-meaningful gestures, to examine its psychometric properties in children with DCD and typically developing (TD) children. BACKGROUND For learning manual skills, AO and imitation are considered fundamental abilities. Knowledge about these modalities in children with DCD is scarce and an assessment protocol is lacking. METHOD The protocol consists of 2 tests. The AO test consists of two assembly tasks. The imitation test includes 12 meaningful and 20 non-meaningful gestures. Items of both tests are rated on a 4-point scale. Twelve children with DCD (mean age 8y3m, SD, 1.30) and 11 TD children (mean age 8y2m, SD 1.52) were enrolled. For inter-rater reliability, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for the total score, weighted kappa and percentage agreement for single items. Known group validity was assessed by comparison of DCD and TD group (Wilcoxon rank sum test). For construct validity, the mABC-2 test was used. The protocol was adapted and confirmed by an intra and inter-rater reliability study (new sample of 11 DCD children, mean age 7y5m, SD 1.37). RESULTS Excellent ICCs were reported for intra and inter-rater reliability for the final protocol. A significant difference between DCD and TD group was found for AO abilities (p < .01), for nonmeaningful gestures (p < .001). A significant correlation was reported between the AO test and the mABC-2 test (r = 56;p ≤0.0001). No significant correlations were revealed for the imitation tests. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The results support the psychometric properties of this protocol. When fully validated, it may contribute to map the deficits in AO abilities and imitation, to evaluate treatment effects of imitation and AO interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Bieber
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy.
| | - B C M Smits-Engelsman
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - G Sgandurra
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Di Gregorio
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Guzzetta
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Cioni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - H Feys
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Klingels
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hasselt, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Kilroy E, Harrison L, Butera C, Jayashankar A, Cermak S, Kaplan J, Williams M, Haranin E, Bookheimer S, Dapretto M, Aziz-Zadeh L. Unique deficit in embodied simulation in autism: An fMRI study comparing autism and developmental coordination disorder. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 42:1532-1546. [PMID: 33320398 PMCID: PMC7927289 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A deficit in pre‐cognitively mirroring other people's actions and experiences may be related to the social impairments observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is unclear whether such embodied simulation deficits are unique to ASD or instead are related to motor impairment, which is commonly comorbid with ASD. Here we aim to disentangle how, neurologically, motor impairments contribute to simulation deficits and identify unique neural signatures of ASD. We compare children with ASD (N = 30) to children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD; N = 23) as well as a typically developing group (N = 33) during fMRI tasks in which children observe, imitate, and mentalize about other people's actions. Results indicate a unique neural signature in ASD: during action observation, only the ASD group shows hypoactivity in a region important for simulation (inferior frontal gyrus, pars opercularis, IFGop). However, during a motor production task (imitation), the IFGop is hypoactive for both ASD and DCD groups. For all tasks, we find correlations across groups with motor ability, even after controlling for age, IQ, and social impairment. Conversely, across groups, mentalizing ability is correlated with activity in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex when controlling for motor ability. These findings help identify the unique neurobiological basis of ASD for aspects of social processing. Furthermore, as no previous fMRI studies correlated brain activity with motor impairment in ASD, these findings help explain prior conflicting reports in these simulation networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Kilroy
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Laura Harrison
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christiana Butera
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aditya Jayashankar
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sharon Cermak
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jonas Kaplan
- Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marian Williams
- USC University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Emily Haranin
- USC University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Susan Bookheimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mirella Dapretto
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lisa Aziz-Zadeh
- USC Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Wang L, Zhang M, Zou F, Wu X, Wang Y. Deductive-reasoning brain networks: A coordinate-based meta-analysis of the neural signatures in deductive reasoning. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01853. [PMID: 32990371 PMCID: PMC7749517 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Deductive reasoning is a complex and poorly understood concept in the field of psychology. Many cognitive neuroscience studies have been published on deductive reasoning but have yielded inconsistent findings. METHODS In this study, we analyzed collected data from 38 articles using a recently proposed activation likelihood estimation (ALE) approach and used conjunction analysis to better determine the intersection of the results of meta-analyses. RESULTS First, the left hemispheres in the inferior parietal lobule (Brodmann area 40 [BA40]), middle frontal gyrus (BA6), medial frontal gyrus (BA8), inferior frontal gyrus (BA45/46), caudate, and insula (BA47) were revealed to be significant brain regions via simple-effect analysis (deductive reasoning versus baseline). Furthermore, IFG, insula, and cingulate (the key neural hubs of the cingulo-opercular network) were highlighted in overlapped functional connectivity maps. CONCLUSION The findings of the current study are consistent with the view that deductive reasoning requires a succession of stages, which included decoding of linguistic information, conversion and correction of rules, and transformation of inferential results into conclusive outputs, all of which are putatively processed via a distributed network of brain regions encompassing frontal/parietal cortices, as well as the caudate and other subcortical structures, which suggested that in the process of deductive reasoning, the coding and integration of premise information is indispensable, and it is also crucial to the execution and monitoring of the cognitive processing of reasoning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of PsychologyXinxiang Medical UniversityHenanChina
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of PsychologyXinxiang Medical UniversityHenanChina
- Department of PsychiatryHenan Mental HospitalThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Feng Zou
- Department of PsychologyXinxiang Medical UniversityHenanChina
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of PsychologyXinxiang Medical UniversityHenanChina
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of PsychologyXinxiang Medical UniversityHenanChina
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Oscillatory entrainment of neural activity between inferior frontoparietal cortices alters imitation performance. Neuropsychologia 2020; 150:107702. [PMID: 33276036 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The frontoparietal mirror network is activated when an individual performs a goal-directed action and observes another person's intentional action. It has been speculated that the distinct frontal and parietal regions might work together to participate in the imitation process, which translates an observed movement into an identical action. We aimed to determine the relationship between the frontoparietal mirror network and imitation by applying transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) to exogenously modulate oscillatory neural activity in the left inferior frontal gyrus and the left inferior parietal lobule. In total, 45 young adults participated in this study. The participants were randomly assigned to the three tACS groups (synchronous, desynchronous, and sham; 55 Hz enveloped by 6 Hz). Before and during tACS, the participants performed the gesture matching task and the gesture imitation task. Application of synchronous tACS over the left frontoparietal cortices significantly improved the performance of gesture matching and the meaningless gesture imitation relative to the baseline performance. Desynchronous tACS deteriorated the gesture matching performance relative to the baseline results. The oscillatory entrainment of neural activity between components of the frontoparietal mirror network is considered to alter imitation performance by modulating neural information relating to the goals of actions in the frontal cortex and the means of observed actions in the parietal cortex. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that reveals that the rhythmic communication between components of the frontoparietal mirror network has a functional role in imitation.
Collapse
|
65
|
Chen YH, Chang CY, Huang SK, Yen NS. Nonlinear engagement of action observation network underlying action anticipation in players with different levels of expertise. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:5199-5214. [PMID: 32845066 PMCID: PMC7670634 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to reconcile inconsistency of neural engagement underlying action anticipation between experts and nonexperts, as well as between correct and incorrect anticipations. Therefore, we asked novice, intermediate, and skilled baseball batters (N, IB, and SB) to anticipate their swing decisions in response to pitching videos of a strike or ball, using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Behavioral results confirmed the effect of expertise that is generally shown in a linear fashion. Imaging results instead revealed a nonlinear relationship between expertise level and the evoked response amplitude of nodes within the action observation network. The relationship was best captured by an inverted U‐shaped quadratic response profile across the three groups such that IB exhibited higher activation than did both SB and N. These empirical findings extend the framework of predictive coding as well as of neural efficiency in anticipating the action of others, and they might be associated with the underlying process to interpret the goal of the observed action and prepare one's own response. Furthermore, the right anterior cerebellum showed different levels of activation for correct and incorrect anticipations in all groups, adding novel evidence of its subtle involvement in anticipation processes irrespective of expertise status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hua Chen
- Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yen Chang
- Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Kuei Huang
- Department of Physical Education, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Shing Yen
- Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
De Stefani E, Rodà F, Volta E, Pincolini V, Farnese A, Rossetti S, Pedretti F, Ferrari PF. Learning new sport actions: Pilot study to investigate the imitative and the verbal instructive teaching methods in motor education. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237697. [PMID: 32797070 PMCID: PMC7428179 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the project was to investigate the effects of two strategies of teaching new sport actions on performance of eight-year-old children: observational-imitative method (OIM) and descriptive-directive method (DDM). The OIM group was provided with a pre-practice instruction in the form of expert modeling observation by an expert athlete. The DDM group received only verbal explanations of few selected static images. Thirty-six children (18 males and 18 females, mean age = 8,8) participated in the experiment. Subjects were randomly assigned to the OIM or DDM groups. Participants were instructed to perform four sport motor sequences never performed before (shoulder stand, soccer action, vortex howler throw, step action). Actions were videotaped and 2D kinematic analysis performed. A 10-point Likert questionnaire was administered to blind sport experts to assess the correctness and accuracy of each action. Results suggest that the OIM is the most effective instruction method when participants have no experience with the sport action to be performed. On the contrary, if the athlete needs to learn specific aspects of an exercise (such as grasping a tool) the best method is the DDM. In fact, detailed information on how to grab the vortex helped children in throwing it. We also found gender differences which might reflect cultural influences in specific sports (e.g. soccer). Finally, repetition of the exercise also improved the DDM group's performance. This has potential applications in sport teaching, suggesting that in the absence of a model performing the action to be imitated, the DDM can be as effective as the OIM if the observer repeats the sport action many times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa De Stefani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Rodà
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Elio Volta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Giocampus Steering Committee, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Pier Francesco Ferrari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Bron, France
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Kostorz K, Flanagin VL, Glasauer S. Synchronization between instructor and observer when learning a complex bimanual skill. Neuroimage 2020; 216:116659. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
|
68
|
Activation of cerebellum and basal ganglia during the observation and execution of manipulative actions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12008. [PMID: 32686738 PMCID: PMC7371896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68928-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on action observation mostly described the activation of a network of cortical areas, while less investigation focused specifically on the activation and role of subcortical nodes. In the present fMRI study, we investigated the recruitment of cerebellum and basal ganglia during the execution and observation of object manipulation performed with the right hand. The observation conditions consisted in: (a) observation of manipulative actions; (b) observation of sequences of random finger movements. In the execution conditions, participants had to perform the same actions or movements as in (a) and (b), respectively. The results of conjunction analysis showed significant shared activations during both observation and execution of manipulation in several subcortical structures, including: (1) cerebellar lobules V, VI, crus I, VIIIa and VIIIb (bilaterally); (2) globus pallidus, bilaterally, and left subthalamic nucleus; (3) red nucleus (bilaterally) and left thalamus. These findings support the hypothesis that the action observation/execution network also involves subcortical structures, such as cerebellum and basal ganglia, forming an integrated network. This suggests possible mechanisms, involving these subcortical structures, underlying learning of new motor skills, through action observation and imitation.
Collapse
|
69
|
Brain correlates of motor complexity during observed and executed actions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10965. [PMID: 32620887 PMCID: PMC7335074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, cortical areas with motor properties have attracted attention widely to their involvement in both action generation and perception. Inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and inferior parietal lobule (IPL), presumably consisting of motor-related areas, are of particular interest, given that they respond to motor behaviors both when they are performed and observed. Converging neuroimaging evidence has shown the functional roles of IFG, PMv and IPL in action understanding. Most studies have focused on the effects of modulations in goals and kinematics of observed actions on the brain response, but little research has explored the effects of manipulations in motor complexity. To address this, we used fNIRS to examine the brain activity in the frontal, motor, parietal and occipital regions, aiming to better understand the brain correlates involved in encoding motor complexity. Twenty-one healthy adults executed and observed two hand actions that differed in motor complexity. We found that motor complexity sensitive brain regions were present in the pars opercularis IFG/PMv, primary motor cortex (M1), IPL/supramarginal gyrus and middle occipital gyrus (MOG) during action execution, and in pars opercularis IFG/PMv and M1 during action observation. Our findings suggest that the processing of motor complexity involves not only M1 but also pars opercularis IFG, PMv and IPL, each of which plays a critical role in action perception and execution.
Collapse
|
70
|
Balconi M, Fronda G, Bartolo A. Affective, Social, and Informative Gestures Reproduction in Human Interaction: Hyperscanning and Brain Connectivity. J Mot Behav 2020; 53:296-315. [PMID: 32525458 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2020.1774490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Gestural communication characterizes daily individuals' interactions in order to share information and to modify others' behavior. Social neuroscience has investigated the neural bases which support recognizing of different gestures. The present research, through the use of the hyperscanning approach, that allows the simultaneously recording of the activity of two or more individuals involved in a joint action, aims to investigate the neural bases of gestural communication. Moreover, by using hyperscanning paradigm we explore the inter-brain connectivity between two inter-agents, the one who performed the gesture (encoder) and the one who received it (decoder), with functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the reproduction of affective, social and informative gestures with positive and negative valence. Result showed an increase in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (O2Hb) and inter-brain connectivity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for affective gestures, in the superior frontal gyrus (SFG) for social gestures and the frontal eye fields (FEF) for informative gestures, for both encoder and decoder. Furthermore, it emerged that positive gestures activate more the left DLPFC, with an increase in inter-brain connectivity in DLPFC and SFG. The present study revealed the relevant function of the type and valence of gestures in affecting intra- and inter-brain connectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Balconi
- Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Fronda
- Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Bartolo
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, CHU Lille, UMR 9193 - SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000 Lille, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Filippa M, Monaci MG, Young S, Grandjean D, Nuti G, Nadel J. Shall We Play the Same? Pedagogical Perspectives on Infants’ and Children’s Imitation of Musical Gestures. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1087. [PMID: 32581943 PMCID: PMC7283546 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Imitation, both gestural and vocal, has been acknowledged to be at the origin of human communication (Donald, 1991). Music is often considered to be the first means of communication of emotion via both vocal and gestural synchronization (Malloch, 1999; Malloch and Trevarthen, 2009). Instrumental music is part of the human heritage for more than 35,000 years before our era (Aimé et al., 2020). However, very little is known about the acquisition of gestures that produce sounds (i.e., musical gestures) and their role in the development of music and musicality. In the present paper, we propose that studying early synchronous imitation of musical gestures is essential both for investigating the development of the early action–perception system and for outlining early music interventions during infancy. We designed double musical objects which can be used in preschool music education for prompting synchronic imitation of musical gestures between adult and child, and between dyads of infants. We conclude by proposing a novel pedagogical perspective in music education for the early years which links the privileged orientation of infants and children towards sound discoveries with the development of perception-action coupling via imitation of musical gestures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Filippa
- Neuroscience of Emotion and Affective Dynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Valle d’Aosta, Aosta, Italy
- *Correspondence: Manuela Filippa,
| | | | - Susan Young
- University of Roehampton London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Didier Grandjean
- Neuroscience of Emotion and Affective Dynamics Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gianni Nuti
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Valle d’Aosta, Aosta, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
72
|
Scott MW, Emerson JR, Dixon J, Tayler MA, Eaves DL. Motor imagery during action observation enhances imitation of everyday rhythmical actions in children with and without developmental coordination disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2020; 71:102620. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2020.102620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
73
|
Abdelgabar AR, Suttrup J, Broersen R, Bhandari R, Picard S, Keysers C, De Zeeuw CI, Gazzola V. Action perception recruits the cerebellum and is impaired in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia. Brain 2020; 142:3791-3805. [PMID: 31747689 PMCID: PMC7409410 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our cerebellum has been proposed to generate prediction signals that may help us plan and execute our motor programmes. However, to what extent our cerebellum is also actively involved in perceiving the action of others remains to be elucidated. Using functional MRI, we show here that observing goal-directed hand actions of others bilaterally recruits lobules VI, VIIb and VIIIa in the cerebellar hemispheres. Moreover, whereas healthy subjects (n = 31) were found to be able to discriminate subtle differences in the kinematics of observed limb movements of others, patients suffering from spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6; n = 21) were severely impaired in performing such tasks. Our data suggest that the human cerebellum is actively involved in perceiving the kinematics of the hand actions of others and that SCA6 patients’ deficits include a difficulty in perceiving the actions of other individuals. This finding alerts us to the fact that cerebellar disorders can alter social cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdel R Abdelgabar
- Social Brain Lab and Cerebellar Coordination and Cognition Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, A Research Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Suttrup
- Social Brain Lab and Cerebellar Coordination and Cognition Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, A Research Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Broersen
- Social Brain Lab and Cerebellar Coordination and Cognition Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, A Research Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam. Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ritu Bhandari
- Social Brain Lab and Cerebellar Coordination and Cognition Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, A Research Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Samuel Picard
- Social Brain Lab and Cerebellar Coordination and Cognition Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, A Research Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Keysers
- Social Brain Lab and Cerebellar Coordination and Cognition Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, A Research Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam. Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris I De Zeeuw
- Social Brain Lab and Cerebellar Coordination and Cognition Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, A Research Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valeria Gazzola
- Social Brain Lab and Cerebellar Coordination and Cognition Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, A Research Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam. Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Welsh TN, Reid C, Manson G, Constable MD, Tremblay L. Susceptibility to the fusion illusion is modulated during both action execution and action observation. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2020; 204:103028. [PMID: 32062166 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many researchers have proposed that when an individual observes the actions of another individual, the observer simulates the action using many of the same neural areas that are involved in action production. The present study was designed to test this simulation hypothesis by comparing the perception of multisensory stimuli during both the execution and observation of an aiming action. The present work used the fusion illusion - an audio-visual illusion in which two visual stimuli presented with one auditory stimulus are erroneously perceived as being one visual stimulus. Previous research has shown that, during action execution, susceptibly to this illusion is reduced early in the execution of the movement when visual information may be more highly weighted than other sensory information. We sought to determine whether or not a non-acting observer of an action showed a similar reduction in susceptibility to the fusion illusion. Participants fixated a target and either executed or observed a manual aiming movement to that target. Audiovisual stimuli were presented at 0, 100, or 200 ms relative to movement onset and participants reported the number of perceived flashes after the movement was completed. Analysis of perceived flashes revealed that participants were less susceptible to the fusion illusion when the stimuli were presented early (100 ms) relative to later in the movement (200 ms). Critically, this pattern emerged in both execution and observation tasks. These findings support the hypothesis that observers simulate the performance of the actor and experience comparable real-time alterations in multisensory processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy N Welsh
- Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, Centre for Motor Control, University of Toronto, Canada.
| | - Connor Reid
- Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, Centre for Motor Control, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Gerome Manson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute
| | | | - Luc Tremblay
- Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, Centre for Motor Control, University of Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Vannuscorps G, Caramazza A. Conceptual processing of action verbs with and without motor representations. Cogn Neuropsychol 2020; 36:301-312. [DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2020.1732319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Vannuscorps
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), Università degli Studi di Trento, Rovereto, Italy
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Alfonso Caramazza
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), Università degli Studi di Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Xu Z, Wang ZR, Li J, Hu M, Xiang MQ. Effect of Acute Moderate-Intensity Exercise on the Mirror Neuron System: Role of Cardiovascular Fitness Level. Front Psychol 2020; 11:312. [PMID: 32153482 PMCID: PMC7047835 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aims of this study were to use functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to determine whether cardiovascular fitness levels modulate the activation of the mirror neuron system (MNS) under table-setting tasks in non-exercise situation, to replicate the study that positive effect of acute moderate-intensity exercise on the MNS and investigate whether cardiovascular fitness levels modulates the effect of exercise on the activation of the MNS. Methods Thirty-six healthy college-aged participants completed a maximal graded exercise test (GXT) and were categorized as high, moderate, or low cardiovascular fitness. Participants then performed table-setting tasks including an action execution task (EXEC) and action observation task (OBS) prior to (PRE) and after (POST) either a rest condition (CTRL) or a cycling exercise condition (EXP). The EXP condition consisted of a 5-min warm-up, 15-min moderate-intensity exercise (65% VO2max), and 5-min cool-down. Results No significant differences were observed for Oxy-Hb and Deoxy-Hb between different cardiovascular fitness levels in the EXEC or OBS tasks in the non-exercise session. But there were significant improvements of oxygenated hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and pre-motor area (PMC) regions under the OBS task following the acute moderate exercise. Particularly, the improvements (Post-Pre) of Δ Oxy-Hb were mainly observed in high and low fitness individuals. There was also a significant improvement of deoxygenated hemoglobin (Deoxy-Hb) in the IPL region under the OBS task. The following analysis indicated that exercise improved Δ Deoxy-Hb in high fitness individuals. Conclusion This study indicated that the activation of MNS was not modulated by the cardiovascular fitness levels in the non-exercise situation. We replicated the previous study that moderate exercise improved activation of MNS; we also provided the first empirical evidence that moderate-intensity exercise positively affects the MNS activation in college students of high and low cardiovascular fitness levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zebo Xu
- Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Linguistics and Modern Languages, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zi-Rong Wang
- Department of Graduation, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Graduation, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Qiang Xiang
- Department of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Ito T, Tsubahara A, Shiraga Y, Yoshimura Y, Kimura D, Suzuki K, Hanayama K. Motor activation is modulated by visual experience during cyclic gait observation: A transcranial magnetic stimulation study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228389. [PMID: 31990939 PMCID: PMC6986743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been widely utilized to noninvasively explore the motor system during the observation of human movement. However, few studies have characterized motor cortex activity during periodic gait observation. Thus, this study examined the effects of an observer's visual experience and/or intention to imitate on corticospinal excitability during the observation of another's gait. Twenty-six healthy volunteers were included in this study and allocated to two different groups. Participants in the visual experience group had formal experience with gait observation (physical therapist training), while those in the control group did not. Motor-evoked potentials induced by TMS in the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles were measured as surrogates of corticospinal excitability. Participants were seated and, while resting, they observed a demonstrator's gait or observed it with the intention to subsequently reproduce it. Compared with the resting state, cyclic gait observation led to significant corticospinal facilitation in the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles. However, this pattern of corticospinal facilitation in the measured muscles was not coupled to the pattern of crural muscle activity during actual gait and was independent of the step cycle. This motor cortex facilitation effect during gait observation was enhanced by the observer's visual experience in a manner that was not step cycle-dependent, while the observer's intent to imitate did not affect corticospinal excitatory input to either muscle. In addition, visual experience did not modulate corticospinal excitability in gait-related crural muscles. Our findings indicate that motor cortex activity during gait observation is not in line with the timing of muscle activity during gait execution and is modulated by an individual's gait observation experience. These results suggest that visual experience acquired from repetitive gait observation may facilitate the motor system's control on bipedal walking, but may not promote the learning of muscle activity patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Ito
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Akio Tsubahara
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Shiraga
- Rehabilitation Center, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yoshimura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kimura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keita Suzuki
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kozo Hanayama
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Luzzatti C, Mauri I, Castiglioni S, Zuffi M, Spartà C, Somalvico F, Franceschi M. Evaluating Semantic Knowledge Through a Semantic Association Task in Individuals With Dementia. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2020; 35:1533317520917294. [PMID: 32308008 PMCID: PMC10623912 DOI: 10.1177/1533317520917294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2024]
Abstract
Conceptual knowledge is supported by multiple semantic systems that are specialized for the analysis of different properties associated with object concepts. Various types of semantic association between concrete concepts-categorical (CA), encyclopedic (EA), functional (FA), and visual-encyclopedic (VEA) associations-were tested through a new picture-to-picture matching task (semantic association task, SAT). Forty individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 13 with behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bv-FTD), 6 with primary progressive aphasia (PPA), and 37 healthy participants were tested with the SAT. Within-group comparisons highlighted a global impairment of all types of semantic association in bv-FTD individuals but a disproportionate impairment of EA and FA, with relative sparing of CA and VEA, in AD individuals. Single-case analyses detected dissociations in all dementia groups. Conceptual knowledge can be selectively impaired in various types of neurodegenerative disease on the basis of the specific cognitive process that is disrupted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Luzzatti
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Mauri
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marta Zuffi
- Department of Neurology, MultiMedica Hospital, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Chiara Spartà
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
79
|
Schlaffke L, Friedrich S, Tegenthoff M, Güntürkün O, Genç E, Ocklenburg S. Boom Chack Boom-A multimethod investigation of motor inhibition in professional drummers. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01490. [PMID: 31801182 PMCID: PMC6955843 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our hands are the primary means for motor interaction with the environment, and their neural organization is fundamentally asymmetric: While most individuals can perform easy motor tasks with two hands equally well, only very few individuals can perform complex fine motor tasks with both hands at a similar level of performance. The reason why this phenomenon is so rare is not well understood. Professional drummers represent a unique population to study it, as they have remarkable abilities to perform complex motor tasks with their two limbs independently. METHODS Here, we used a multimethod neuroimaging approach to investigate the structural, functional, and biochemical correlates of fine motor behavior in professional drummers (n = 20) and nonmusical controls (n = 24). RESULTS Our results show that drummers have higher microstructural diffusion properties in the corpus callosum than controls. This parameter also predicts drumming performance and GABA levels in the motor cortex. Moreover, drummers show less activation in the motor cortex when performing a finger-tapping task than controls. CONCLUSION In conclusion, professional drumming is associated with a more efficient neuronal design of cortical motor areas as well as a stronger link between commissural structure and biochemical parameters associated with motor inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Schlaffke
- Department of Neurology, BG-Kliniken Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sarah Friedrich
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Tegenthoff
- Department of Neurology, BG-Kliniken Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Onur Güntürkün
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Erhan Genç
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ocklenburg
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Krishnan S, Lima CF, Evans S, Chen S, Guldner S, Yeff H, Manly T, Scott SK. Beatboxers and Guitarists Engage Sensorimotor Regions Selectively When Listening to the Instruments They can Play. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:4063-4079. [PMID: 30169831 PMCID: PMC6188551 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of classical musicians have demonstrated that expertise modulates neural responses during auditory perception. However, it remains unclear whether such expertise-dependent plasticity is modulated by the instrument that a musician plays. To examine whether the recruitment of sensorimotor regions during music perception is modulated by instrument-specific experience, we studied nonclassical musicians-beatboxers, who predominantly use their vocal apparatus to produce sound, and guitarists, who use their hands. We contrast fMRI activity in 20 beatboxers, 20 guitarists, and 20 nonmusicians as they listen to novel beatboxing and guitar pieces. All musicians show enhanced activity in sensorimotor regions (IFG, IPC, and SMA), but only when listening to the musical instrument they can play. Using independent component analysis, we find expertise-selective enhancement in sensorimotor networks, which are distinct from changes in attentional networks. These findings suggest that long-term sensorimotor experience facilitates access to the posterodorsal "how" pathway during auditory processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Krishnan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, UK.,Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Anna Watts Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Oxford, UK
| | - César F Lima
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, UK.,Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Avenida das Forças Armadas, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Samuel Evans
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London, UK
| | - Sinead Chen
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Stella Guldner
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, UK.,Graduate School of Economic and Social Sciences (GESS), University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Harry Yeff
- Get Involved Ltd, 3 Loughborough Street, London, UK
| | - Tom Manly
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sophie K Scott
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Pereira JA, Sepulveda P, Rana M, Montalba C, Tejos C, Torres R, Sitaram R, Ruiz S. Self-Regulation of the Fusiform Face Area in Autism Spectrum: A Feasibility Study With Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:446. [PMID: 31920602 PMCID: PMC6933482 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most important and early impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the abnormal visual processing of human faces. This deficit has been associated with hypoactivation of the fusiform face area (FFA), one of the main hubs of the face-processing network. Neurofeedback based on real-time fMRI (rtfMRI-NF) is a technique that allows the self-regulation of circumscribed brain regions, leading to specific neural modulation and behavioral changes. The aim of the present study was to train participants with ASD to achieve up-regulation of the FFA using rtfMRI-NF, to investigate the neural effects of FFA up-regulation in ASD. For this purpose, three groups of volunteers with normal I.Q. and fluent language were recruited to participate in a rtfMRI-NF protocol of eight training runs in 2 days. Five subjects with ASD participated as part of the experimental group and received contingent feedback to up-regulate bilateral FFA. Two control groups, each one with three participants with typical development (TD), underwent the same protocol: one group with contingent feedback and the other with sham feedback. Whole-brain and functional connectivity analysis using each fusiform gyrus as independent seeds were carried out. The results show that individuals with TD and ASD can achieve FFA up-regulation with contingent feedback. RtfMRI-NF in ASD produced more numerous and stronger short-range connections among brain areas of the ventral visual stream and an absence of the long-range connections to insula and inferior frontal gyrus, as observed in TD subjects. Recruitment of inferior frontal gyrus was observed in both groups during FAA up-regulation. However, insula and caudate nucleus were only recruited in subjects with TD. These results could be explained from a neurodevelopment perspective as a lack of the normal specialization of visual processing areas, and a compensatory mechanism to process visual information of faces. RtfMRI-NF emerges as a potential tool to study visual processing network in ASD, and to explore its clinical potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime A. Pereira
- Laboratory for Brain Machine Interfaces and Neuromodulation, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pradyumna Sepulveda
- Laboratory for Brain Machine Interfaces and Neuromodulation, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohit Rana
- Laboratory for Brain Machine Interfaces and Neuromodulation, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cristian Montalba
- Biomedical Imaging Center, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Tejos
- Biomedical Imaging Center, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rafael Torres
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ranganatha Sitaram
- Laboratory for Brain Machine Interfaces and Neuromodulation, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Ruiz
- Laboratory for Brain Machine Interfaces and Neuromodulation, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Bek J, Arakaki AI, Lawrence A, Sullivan M, Ganapathy G, Poliakoff E. Dance and Parkinson's: A review and exploration of the role of cognitive representations of action. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 109:16-28. [PMID: 31846651 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition that causes both sensorimotor and non-motor impairments, and there is a clear need for non-medical approaches to improve quality of life. Dance is an increasingly popular activity among people with PD, which demonstrates potential therapeutic benefits. However, findings to date have been inconsistent, and little is known about the mechanisms underlying benefits of dance in PD. In this review, we provide an overview of research into dance for people with PD. The majority of quantitative evidence is in the sensorimotor domain, but cognitive, psychological and social effects have also been reported. We consider the role of cognitive representations of action within dance through observation, imitation and imagery, which may contribute to both sensorimotor and non-motor outcomes for people with PD. Moreover, we discuss how these processes may be enhanced through dance to provide further benefits in everyday life. Finally, we propose avenues for future research to increase understanding of action representation in dance for PD, which has the potential to inform practice and maximize benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Bek
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
| | - Aline I Arakaki
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
| | - Adam Lawrence
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
| | - Matthew Sullivan
- School of Science and the Environment, E432 John Dalton Building, Manchester Metropolitan University, Oxford Road, Manchester, M16 5BH, United Kingdom.
| | - Gayathri Ganapathy
- Equilibrium International, 6 Stretton Avenue, Manchester, M20 6HE, United Kingdom.
| | - Ellen Poliakoff
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Weiblen R, Jonas M, Krach S, Krämer UM. Social Cognition in Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NEUROPSYCHOLOGIE 2019. [DOI: 10.1024/1016-264x/a000272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract. Research on the neural mechanisms underlying Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) has mostly concentrated on abnormalities in basal ganglia circuits. Recent alternative accounts, however, focused more on social and affective aspects. Individuals with GTS show peculiarities in their social and affective domain, including echophenomena, coprolalia, and nonobscene socially inappropriate behavior. This article reviews the experimental and theoretical work done on the social symptoms of GTS. We discuss the role of different social cognitive and affective functions and associated brain networks, namely, the social-decision-making system, theory-of-mind functions, and the so-called “mirror-neuron” system. Although GTS affects social interactions in many ways, and although the syndrome includes aberrant social behavior, the underlying cognitive, affective, and neural processes remain to be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronja Weiblen
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Melanie Jonas
- Department of Human Resources, Health and Social Affairs, Fachhochschule des Mittelstands (FHM), Cologne, Germany
| | - Sören Krach
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ulrike M. Krämer
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Riccardi N, Yourganov G, Rorden C, Fridriksson J, Desai RH. Dissociating action and abstract verb comprehension post-stroke. Cortex 2019; 120:131-146. [PMID: 31302507 PMCID: PMC6825884 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The neural bases of action and abstract concept representations remain a topic of debate. While several lines of research provide evidence for grounding of action-related conceptual content into sensory-motor systems, results of traditional lesion-deficit studies have been somewhat inconsistent. Further, few studies have directly compared the neural substrates of action and relatively abstract verb comprehension post-stroke. Here, we investigated the impact of the disruption of two neural networks on comprehension of action and relatively abstract verbs in 48 unilateral left-hemisphere stroke patients using two methodologies: 1) lesion-deficit association and 2) resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) analyses. Disruption of RSFC between the left inferior frontal gyrus and right hemisphere primary and secondary sensory-motor areas predicted greater relative impairment of action semantics. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping revealed that damage to frontal white matter, extending towards the inferior frontal gyrus, also predicted greater relative impairment of action semantics. On the other hand, damage to the left anterior middle temporal gyrus significantly impaired the more abstract category relative to action. These findings support the view that action and non-action/abstract semantic processing rely on partially dissociable brain networks, with action concepts relying more heavily on sensory-motor areas. The results also have wider implications for lesion-deficit association studies and show how the contralateral hemisphere can play a compensatory role following unilateral stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Riccardi
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Grigori Yourganov
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Chris Rorden
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; Institute for Mind and Brain, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Julius Fridriksson
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; Institute for Mind and Brain, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Rutvik H Desai
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA; Institute for Mind and Brain, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Nuara A, Avanzini P, Rizzolatti G, Fabbri-Destro M. Efficacy of a home-based platform for child-to-child interaction on hand motor function in unilateral cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2019; 61:1314-1322. [PMID: 31115046 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of an action observation treatment (AOT) home-based platform promoting child-to-child interaction to improve hand motor function in unilateral cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD Twenty children (14 males, six females; mean age 6y 7mo, standard deviation 1y 7mo; range 5y 1mo-10y 6mo) with unilateral CP underwent 20 sessions where they had to observe and then imitate a wizard performing dexterity-demanding magic tricks; a child-to-child live video-session to practise the same exercise then took place. We assessed hand-motor skills with the Besta Scale, neurological motor impairment with Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper extremity, as well as spasticity, muscle strength, visual analogue scale, and global impression of change 1-month before (T-1), at baseline (T0), and at the end of treatment (T1). RESULTS We observed a T0 to T1 improvement in global hand-motor and bimanual skills, and a significant correlation between motor improvement and difference in hand motor skills relative to the peer (r=-0.519). INTERPRETATION AOT associated with child-to-child interaction effectively improves hand motor function in unilateral CP. This improvement is linked to differences in hand motor ability among peers, suggesting that children should observe others with superior motor skills to their own. This study extends traditional AOT toward novel socially-enriched scenarios, where children might simultaneously be recipients and leaders within a motor learning process. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Home-based action observation treatment (AOT) based on child-to-child interaction improves hand motor function in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Interaction with a more capable peer increases the chances of positive outcome in child-to-child AOT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Nuara
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Parma, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Pietro Avanzini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Parma, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rizzolatti
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Parma, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
86
|
Mazurek KA, Richardson D, Abraham N, Foxe JJ, Freedman EG. Utilizing High-Density Electroencephalography and Motion Capture Technology to Characterize Sensorimotor Integration While Performing Complex Actions. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2019; 28:287-296. [PMID: 31567095 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2019.2941574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Studies of sensorimotor integration often use sensory stimuli that require a simple motor response, such as a reach or a grasp. Recent advances in neural recording techniques, motion capture technologies, and time-synchronization methods enable studying sensorimotor integration using more complex sensory stimuli and performed actions. Here, we demonstrate that prehensile actions that require using complex sensory instructions for manipulating different objects can be characterized using high-density electroencephalography and motion capture systems. In 20 participants, we presented stimuli in different sensory modalities (visual, auditory) containing different contextual information about the object with which to interact. Neural signals recorded near motor cortex and posterior parietal cortex discharged based on both the instruction delivered and object manipulated. Additionally, kinematics of the wrist movements could be discriminated between participants. These findings demonstrate a proof-of-concept behavioral paradigm for studying sensorimotor integration of multidimensional sensory stimuli to perform complex movements. The designed framework will prove vital for studying neural control of movements in clinical populations in which sensorimotor integration is impaired due to information no longer being communicated correctly between brain regions (e.g. stroke). Such a framework is the first step towards developing a neural rehabilitative system for restoring function more effectively.
Collapse
|
87
|
Hu B, Chomiak T. Wearable technological platform for multidomain diagnostic and exercise interventions in Parkinson's disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2019; 147:75-93. [PMID: 31607363 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity and exercise have become a central component of medical management of chronic illness, particular for the elderly who suffer from neurodegenerative disorders that impair their cognition and mobility. This chapter summarizes our recent research showing that a new generation of wearable technology can be adopted as diagnostic and rehabilitation tools for people living with Parkinson's disease. For example, wearable device-enabled 6-min walking test can be automated to eliminate human supervision and many other technical factors that confound the results with conventional testing. With reduced cost and increased test standardization, the technology can be adopted for population-based screening of cardiovascular fitness and gait rehabilitation training efficacy associated with many medical conditions. The Ambulosono platform for multidomain exercise intervention, in particular, has the potential to deliver lasting clinical benefits in slowing PD progression. The platform, through the integration of brisk walking with behavioral shaping strategies such as contingency reinforcement, anticipatory motor control and musical motivational stimulation, creates a home exercise regime that can transform monotonous walking into a pleasurable daily activity and habit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- Division of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Taylor Chomiak
- Division of Translational Neuroscience, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Borra E, Luppino G. Large-scale temporo–parieto–frontal networks for motor and cognitive motor functions in the primate brain. Cortex 2019; 118:19-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
89
|
DiGirolamo MA, Simon JC, Hubley KM, Kopulsky A, Gutsell JN. Clarifying the relationship between trait empathy and action-based resonance indexed by EEG mu-rhythm suppression. Neuropsychologia 2019; 133:107172. [PMID: 31425710 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sensorimotor resonance, the vicarious activation of the sensory motor system during observation of another's actions, is thought to contribute to important social functions including empathy. Previous research has shown that sensorimotor resonance, as measured by suppression of the electrophysiological (EEG) mu rhythm, is predicted by trait empathy, but findings are inconsistent. Here we report data from a high-powered study (N = 252) to clarify the relationship between sensorimotor resonance as indexed by mu suppression during action observation and trait empathy as measured by the well-established Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). Our initial pre-registered analyses at central electrode locations indicate that sensorimotor resonance is unrelated to general trait empathy or its sub-facets, however, these effects could not be isolated from attention-related occipital alpha. An additional non-registered analysis using Independent Component Analysis (ICA) to look at the isolated central mu-component clarified the relationship. Results confirmed the lack of a relationship between the mu-component and the perspective taking, personal distress, or fantasy facets of the IRI, but suggest a possible association with empathic concern such that greater resonance is associated with greater empathic concern. These results question the previously assumed relationship between trait empathy and sensorimotor resonance and highlight the need to investigate experience sharing tendencies in the context of simulation-based resonance.
Collapse
|
90
|
Bonn G. Finding a home: Developmental and neurobiological perspectives on cultural models. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ajsp.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Bonn
- Department of Global and Social Studies King Fahd University of Petroleum of Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia
- Graduate School of Education and Human Development Nagoya University Nagoya Japan
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Lust JM, van Schie HT, Wilson PH, van der Helden J, Pelzer B, Steenbergen B. Activation of Mirror Neuron Regions Is Altered in Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)-Neurophysiological Evidence Using an Action Observation Paradigm. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:232. [PMID: 31354451 PMCID: PMC6637752 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have difficulty performing and learning motor skills. Automatic activation of the mirror neuron system (MNS) during action observation and its coupling to the motor output system are important neurophysiological processes that underpin observational motor learning. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that MNS function is disrupted in children with DCD by using sensitive electroencephalography (EEG)-based measures of MNS activation during action observation. Specifically, we predicted reduced mu-suppression and coherence in DCD compared with typically developing children. Neural activation of the motor network was measured by EEG, specifically event-related desynchronization (ERD) of mu rhythms and fronto-parietal coherence. Children (15 DCD/15 controls) were tested under two task conditions: observational learning (imitation of an observed action) and detection (report a deviant movement after observation). EEG-metrics were compared between groups using linear mixed-effects models. As predicted, children with DCD showed lower levels of mu suppression and reduced modulation of coherence during the observational learning task compared with their non-DCD peers. Notably, mu suppression was reduced in DCD over the entire imitation task (repetitions, and both observation and pause intervals). Action observation can be used for the acquisition of new motor skills. This form of learning entails the transposition of the observed action to the existing internal representations of the observer’s own motor system. The present neurophysiological results suggest that this process of learning is impaired in children with DCD. The results are discussed in relation to current hypotheses on mechanisms of DCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Lust
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Hein T van Schie
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Peter H Wilson
- Centre for Disability and Development Research (CeDDR), School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Ben Pelzer
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Bert Steenbergen
- Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Centre for Disability and Development Research (CeDDR), School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Scott MW, Emerson JR, Dixon J, Tayler MA, Eaves DL. Motor imagery during action observation enhances automatic imitation in children with and without developmental coordination disorder. J Exp Child Psychol 2019; 183:242-260. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
93
|
Montirosso R, Piazza C, Giusti L, Provenzi L, Ferrari PF, Reni G, Borgatti R. Exploring the EEG mu rhythm associated with observation and execution of a goal-directed action in 14-month-old preterm infants. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8975. [PMID: 31222153 PMCID: PMC6586615 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45495-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalographic mu rhythm desynchronization is thought to reflect Mirror Neuron System (MNS) activity and represents an important neural correlate of the coupling between action execution and perception. It is still unclear if the MNS in human ontogeny is already available at the beginning of postnatal life and how early experience impacts its development. Premature birth provides a "natural condition" for investigating the effects of early, atypical extra-uterine experience on MNS. The main aim of the present study was to investigate whether the MNS activity is associated with prematurity. We compared the mu rhythm activity in preterm (PT) and full-term (FT) 14-month old infants during an action observation/execution (AO/AE) task. Mu rhythm desynchronization was computed over frontal, central, parietal and occipital regions. Both groups showed mu rhythm suppression in all the scalp regions during action execution. Different desynchronization patterns emerged during action observation. Specifically, FT infants showed mu suppression in the right frontal, bilateral parietal and occipital regions; whereas PT infants exhibited mu suppression only in the right parietal region. Overall, these preliminary findings indicate that an atypical extra uterine experience might have an impact on the MNS activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Montirosso
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS "E. Medea", 0-3 Center for the at-Risk Infant, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy.
| | - Caterina Piazza
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS "E. Medea", Bioengineering Laboratory, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Giusti
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS "E. Medea", 0-3 Center for the at-Risk Infant, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Livio Provenzi
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS "E. Medea", 0-3 Center for the at-Risk Infant, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Pier Francesco Ferrari
- CNRS/Université Claude Bernard, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, Lyon, France
| | - Gianluigi Reni
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS "E. Medea", Bioengineering Laboratory, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Renato Borgatti
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS "E. Medea", Neuropsychiatry and Neurorehabilitation Unit, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Sensorimotor training modulates automatic imitation of visual speech. Psychon Bull Rev 2019; 26:1711-1718. [PMID: 31197755 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-019-01623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The observation-execution links underlying automatic-imitation processes are suggested to result from associative sensorimotor experience of performing and watching the same actions. Past research supporting the associative sequence learning (ASL) model has demonstrated that sensorimotor training modulates automatic imitation of perceptually transparent manual actions, but ASL has been criticized for not being able to account for opaque actions, such as orofacial movements that include visual speech. To investigate whether the observation-execution links underlying opaque actions are as flexible as has been demonstrated for transparent actions, we tested whether sensorimotor training modulated the automatic imitation of visual speech. Automatic imitation was defined as a facilitation in response times for syllable articulation (ba or da) when in the presence of a compatible visual speech distractor, relative to when in the presence of an incompatible distractor. Participants received either mirror (say /ba/ when the speaker silently says /ba/, and likewise for /da/) or countermirror (say /da/ when the speaker silently says /ba/, and vice versa) training, and automatic imitation was measured before and after training. The automatic-imitation effect was enhanced following mirror training and reduced following countermirror training, suggesting that sensorimotor learning plays a critical role in linking speech perception and production, and that the links between these two systems remain flexible in adulthood. Additionally, as compared to manual movements, automatic imitation of speech was susceptible to mirror training but was relatively resilient to countermirror training. We propose that social factors and the multimodal nature of speech might account for the resilience to countermirror training of sensorimotor associations of speech actions.
Collapse
|
95
|
Noh JS, Lim JH, Choi TW, Jang SG, Pyun SB. Effects and safety of combined rTMS and action observation for recovery of function in the upper extremities in stroke patients: A randomized controlled trial. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2019; 37:219-230. [PMID: 31177248 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-180883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) modulates cortical excitability and facilitates motor learning to improve motor recovery after stroke. Action observation (AO) therapy effectively facilitates physical training for motor memory formation. OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of rTMS alone with that of combined rTMS and AO for the functional recovery of upper extremity function in subacute stroke patients and to verify the safety of the interventions. METHODS The present study was a prospective, randomized controlled trial involving subacute unilateral stroke patients. In total, 22 patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups: the trial group (rTMS with AO) and the control group (rTMS alone). Both groups received 1 Hz rTMS (intensity: 120% of resting motor threshold; rMT) over the contralesional primary motor cortex for 20 minutes on 10 consecutive days. Trial group received rTMS while watching a video of 5 different complex hand movements. The functional parameters were the Brunnstrom stage, Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) score of the upper extremity, Manual Function Test (MFT) score, and grip power. The following motor evoked potential (MEP) parameters were recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis muscle: rMT, latency, and amplitude. Both parameters were measured before and after the 2 week intervention. RESULTS After the 2 week trial, the total FMA and MFT scores were significantly improved in both groups, but the MFT subscores of hand motor function and grip power were significantly improved in the combination therapy group only. In contrast, the changes (Δ) of FMA, MFT, grip power test, and MEP outcomes were not significantly different between the 2 groups. No adverse events or complications were reported. CONCLUSIONS Distal upper extremity function, as measured by MFT and grip power, was improved after rTMS and AO in combination. The combination of rTMS with AO may be applied safely to improve upper extremity function after stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Soo Noh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Lim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Woong Choi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Gul Jang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Bom Pyun
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Okazaki S, Muraoka Y, Osu R. Teacher-learner interaction quantifies scaffolding behaviour in imitation learning. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7543. [PMID: 31101874 PMCID: PMC6525160 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44049-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Teachers often believe that they take into account learners’ ongoing learning progress in their teaching. Can behavioural data support this belief? To address this question, we investigated the interactive behavioural coordination between teachers and learners during imitation learning to solve a puzzle. The teacher manually demonstrated the puzzle solution to a learner who immediately imitated and learned it. Manual movements of teachers and learners were analysed using a bivariate autoregressive model. To identify bidirectional information exchange and information shared between the two agents, we calculated causality and noise covariance from the model. Information transfer observed from teacher to learner in the lateral component of their motion indicated imitation of the spatial information of the puzzle solution. Information transfer from learner to teacher in the vertical component of their motion indicated the monitoring process through which teachers adjust their timing of demonstration to the learner’s progress. The shared information in the lateral component increased as learning progressed, indicating the knowledge was shared between the two agents. Our findings demonstrated that the teacher interactively engaged in and contingently supported (i.e. scaffolded) imitation. We thus provide a behavioural signature of the teacher’s intention to promote learning indispensable for understanding the nature of teaching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rieko Osu
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Arioli M, Canessa N. Neural processing of social interaction: Coordinate-based meta-analytic evidence from human neuroimaging studies. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:3712-3737. [PMID: 31077492 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While the action observation and mentalizing networks are considered to play complementary roles in understanding others' goals and intentions, they might be concurrently engaged when processing social interactions. We assessed this hypothesis via three activation-likelihood-estimation meta-analyses of neuroimaging studies on the neural processing of: (a) social interactions, (b) individual actions by the action observation network, and (c) mental states by the mentalizing network. Conjunction analyses and direct comparisons unveiled overlapping and specific regions among the resulting maps. We report quantitative meta-analytic evidence for a "social interaction network" including key nodes of the action observation and mentalizing networks. An action-social interaction-mentalizing gradient of activity along the posterior temporal cortex highlighted a hierarchical processing of interactions, from visuomotor analyses decoding individual and shared intentions to in-depth inferences on actors' intentional states. The medial prefrontal cortex, possibly in conjunction with the amygdala, might provide additional information concerning the affective valence of the interaction. This evidence suggests that the functional architecture underlying the neural processing of interactions involves the joint involvement of the action observation and mentalizing networks. These data might inform the design of rehabilitative treatments for social cognition disorders in pathological conditions, and the assessment of their outcome in randomized controlled trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Arioli
- Department of Humanities and Life Sciences, Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS, Pavia, Italy.,Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, IRCCS ICS Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicola Canessa
- Department of Humanities and Life Sciences, Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS, Pavia, Italy.,Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, IRCCS ICS Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Sakreida K, Higuchi S, Di Dio C, Ziessler M, Turgeon M, Roberts N, Vogt S. Cognitive Control Structures in the Imitation Learning of Spatial Sequences and Rhythms-An fMRI Study. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:907-923. [PMID: 28077513 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Imitation learning involves the acquisition of novel motor patterns based on action observation (AO). We used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to study the imitation learning of spatial sequences and rhythms during AO, motor imagery (MI), and imitative execution in nonmusicians and musicians. While both tasks engaged the fronto-parietal mirror circuit, the spatial sequence task recruited posterior parietal and dorsal premotor regions more strongly. The rhythm task involved an additional network for auditory working memory. This partial dissociation supports the concept of task-specific mirror mechanisms. Two regions of cognitive control were identified: 1) dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was found to be more strongly activated during MI of novel spatial sequences, which allowed us to extend the 2-level model of imitation learning by Buccino et al. (2004) to spatial sequences. 2) During imitative execution of both tasks, the posterior medial frontal cortex was robustly activated, along with the DLPFC, which suggests that both regions are involved in the cognitive control of imitation learning. The musicians' selective behavioral advantage for rhythm imitation was reflected cortically in enhanced sensory-motor processing during AO and by the absence of practice-related activation differences in DLPFC during rhythm execution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Sakreida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Satomi Higuchi
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YF, UK.,Magnetic Resonance and Image Analysis Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK.,Division of Ultrahigh Field MRI, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8505, Japan
| | - Cinzia Di Dio
- Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Michael Ziessler
- Department of Psychology, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool L16 9JD, UK
| | - Martine Turgeon
- Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire en réadaptation (CRIR), Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) du Centre-Est-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2H 2N8
| | - Neil Roberts
- Clinical Research Imaging Centre (CRIC), School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK
| | - Stefan Vogt
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YF, UK.,Magnetic Resonance and Image Analysis Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Vesia M, Pellicciari R, Cash RFH, Isayama R, Kunaratnam N, Jegatheeswaran G, Chen R. Learning from Goal and Action Based Observations Differentially Modulates Functional Motor Cortical Plasticity. Neuroscience 2019; 404:387-395. [PMID: 30797894 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Action observation can facilitate motor skill learning and lead to a memory trace in motor representations of action. However, it remains unclear whether the action itself or the goal of the action drive changes in motor representations after learning by observation. We performed two experiments. In Experiment 1, using serial reaction time task and transcranial magnetic stimulation, we showed that observation of right-hand actions during skill learning only increased left motor cortical excitability, leading to behavioral gains in the same hand as the observed hand. In contrast, observing a sequence of visual cue positions devoid of hand action increases motor cortical excitability in both hemispheres and facilitates motor skill learning in the right hand (Experiment 1) and left hand for a mirror-symmetric sequence (Experiment 2). We propose that the encoding of observed movements maps onto motor representations of the same action to form a limb-specific motor memory, whereas the learning of spatial goals forms memory traces in the motor representations in both hemispheres to prepare for potential action in either hand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Vesia
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Roberta Pellicciari
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robin F H Cash
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Reina Isayama
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nirsan Kunaratnam
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Robert Chen
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Assessing motor, visual and language function using a single 5-minute fMRI paradigm: three birds with one stone. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 12:1775-1785. [PMID: 29480439 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9848-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Clinical functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) requires inferences on localization of major brain functions at the individual subject level. We hypothesized that a single "triple use" task would satisfy sensitivity and reliability requirements for successfully assessing the motor, visual and language domain in this context. This was tested here by the application in a group of healthy adults, assessing sensitivity and reliability at the individual subject level, separately for each domain.Our "triple use" task consisted of 2 conditions (condition 1, assessing motor and visual domain, and condition 2, assessing the language domain), serving mutually as active/control. We included 20 healthy adult subjects. Random effect analyses showed activation in primary motor, visual and language regions, as expected. Less expected regions were activated both for the motor and visual domains. Further, reliability of primary activation patterns was very high across individual subjects, with activation seen in 70-100% of subjects in primary motor, visual, and left-lateralized language regions.These findings suggest the "triple use" task to be reliable at the individual subject's level to assess motor, visual and language domains in the clinical fMRI context. Benefits of such an approach include shortening of acquisition time, simplicity of the task for each domain, and using a visual stimulus. Following establishment of reliability in adults, the task may also be a valuable addition in the pediatric clinical fMRI context, where each of these factors is of high relevance.
Collapse
|