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Kong F, Zou H, Liu X, He J, Zheng Y, Xiong L, Miao X. miR-7112-3p targets PERK to regulate the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway and apoptosis induced by photodynamic therapy in colorectal cancer CX-1 cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 29:101663. [PMID: 31945549 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging modality for the treatment of solid tumors. Sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS) is a new photosensitizer with good therapeutic killing effects on cancer cells. Recent findings have shown that microRNAs play important roles in many biological processes. However, the functions of microRNAs in DVDMS-induced PDT remain largely unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Proteins involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis of CX-1 cells treated with DVDMS-PDT were examined by Western blotting and cell viability assays. 15 candidate miRNAs targeting RNA-dependent protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) were screened and verified using the TargetScan, miRWalk and miRDB databases. The downstream pathways of candidate miRNAs with high scores were studied by cell transfection, qRT-PCR, Western blotting and dual-luciferase reporter assays. The subcellular location of DVDMS was confirmed by laser confocal microscopy. RESULTS DVDMS-PDT induced apoptosis via elevated ER stress and activation of the PERK/ATF4/CHOP/caspase cascade pathway in CX-1 cells. The endoplasmic reticulum was involved in the subcellular accumulation of DVDMS in CX-1 cells. Dual-luciferase reporting experiment confirmed that a direct crosslinking between miR-7112-3p and PERK. In addition, miR-7112-3p was highly expressed in CRC tissues compared with peripheral tissues. CONCLUSION Our work showed that miR-7112-3p directly targeted PERK and further regulated PERK/ATF4/CHOP/caspase cascade pathway, resulting in enhanced apoptosis in CX-1 cells treated with DVDMS-PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanhua Kong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Heng Zou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanwen Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiongying Miao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Photochemical Internalization: Light Paves Way for New Cancer Chemotherapies and Vaccines. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010165. [PMID: 31936595 PMCID: PMC7016662 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Photochemical internalization (PCI) is a further development of photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this report, we describe PCI as a potential tool for cellular internalization of chemotherapeutic agents or antigens and systematically review the ongoing research. Eighteen published papers described the pre-clinical and clinical developments of PCI-mediated delivery of chemotherapeutic agents or antigens. The studies were screened against pre-defined eligibility criteria. Pre-clinical studies suggest that PCI can be effectively used to deliver chemotherapeutic agents to the cytosol of tumor cells and, thereby, improve treatment efficacy. One Phase-I clinical trial has been conducted, and it demonstrated that PCI-mediated bleomycin treatment was safe and identified tolerable doses of the photosensitizer disulfonated tetraphenyl chlorin (TPCS2a). Likewise, PCI was pre-clinically shown to mediate major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen presentation and generation of tumor-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T-lymphocytes (CTL) and cancer remission. A first clinical Phase I trial with the photosensitizer TPCS2a combined with human papilloma virus antigen (HPV) was recently completed and results are expected in 2020. Hence, photosensitizers and light can be used to mediate cytosolic delivery of endocytosed chemotherapeutics or antigens. While the therapeutic potential in cancer has been clearly demonstrated pre-clinically, further clinical trials are needed to reveal the true translational potential of PCI in humans.
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Delcanale P, Hally C, Nonell S, Bonardi S, Viappiani C, Abbruzzetti S. Photodynamic action of Hypericum perforatum hydrophilic extract against Staphylococcus aureus. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:324-331. [DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00428a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypericin (Hyp) is one of the most effective, naturally occurring photodynamic agents, which proved effective against a wide array of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Delcanale
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)
- the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Cormac Hally
- Institut Quimic de Sarrià
- Universitat Ramon Llull
- 08017 Barcelona
- Spain
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Quimic de Sarrià
- Universitat Ramon Llull
- 08017 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Silvia Bonardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie
- Università degli Studi di Parma
- 43126 Parma
- Italy
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche
- Fisiche e Informatiche
- Università di Parma
- 43124 Parma
- Italy
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche
- Fisiche e Informatiche
- Università di Parma
- 43124 Parma
- Italy
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54
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Jung JH, Hwang J, Kim JH, Sim DY, Im E, Park JE, Park WY, Shim BS, Kim B, Kim SH. Phyotochemical candidates repurposing for cancer therapy and their molecular mechanisms. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 68:164-174. [PMID: 31883914 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Though limited success through chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery has been obtained for efficient cancer therapy for modern decades, cancers are still considered high burden to human health worldwide to date. Recently repurposing drugs are attractive with lower cost and shorter time compared to classical drug discovery, just as Metformin from Galega officinalis, originally approved for treating Type 2 diabetes by FDA, is globally valued at millions of US dollars for cancer therapy. As most previous reviews focused on FDA approved drugs and synthetic agents, current review discussed the anticancer potential of phytochemicals originally approved for treatment of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, infectious diarrhea, depression and malaria with their molecular mechanisms and efficacies and suggested future research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Jung
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisung Hwang
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Ha Kim
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Yong Sim
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Im
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eon Park
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Yi Park
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Sang Shim
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Laboratory, College of Korean Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Fields Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Accompanied by Immunogenic Cell Death in Murine Models of Lymphoma and Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11122034. [PMID: 31861079 PMCID: PMC6966635 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11122034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Depending on the initiating stimulus, cancer cell death can be immunogenic or non-immunogenic. Inducers of immunogenic cell death (ICD) rely on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress for the trafficking of danger signals such as calreticulin (CRT) and ATP. We found that nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF), an emerging new modality for tumor ablation, cause the activation of the ER-resident stress sensor PERK in both CT-26 colon carcinoma and EL-4 lymphoma cells. PERK activation correlates with sustained CRT exposure on the cell plasma membrane and apoptosis induction in both nsPEF-treated cell lines. Our results show that, in CT-26 cells, the activity of caspase-3/7 was increased fourteen-fold as compared with four-fold in EL-4 cells. Moreover, while nsPEF treatments induced the release of the ICD hallmark HMGB1 in both cell lines, extracellular ATP was detected only in CT-26. Finally, in vaccination assays, CT-26 cells treated with nsPEF or doxorubicin equally impaired the growth of tumors at challenge sites eliciting a protective anticancer immune response in 78% and 80% of the animals, respectively. As compared to CT-26, both nsPEF- and mitoxantrone-treated EL-4 cells had a less pronounced effect and protected 50% and 20% of the animals, respectively. These results support our conclusion that nsPEF induce ER stress, accompanied by bona fide ICD.
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Rizzo P, Altschmied L, Stark P, Rutten T, Gündel A, Scharfenberg S, Franke K, Bäumlein H, Wessjohann L, Koch M, Borisjuk L, Sharbel TF. Discovery of key regulators of dark gland development and hypericin biosynthesis in St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum). PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:2299-2312. [PMID: 31037808 PMCID: PMC6835128 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypericin is a molecule of high pharmaceutical importance that is synthesized and stored in dark glands (DGs) of St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum). Understanding which genes are involved in dark gland development and hypericin biosynthesis is important for the development of new Hypericum extracts that are highly demanded for medical applications. We identified two transcription factors whose expression is strictly synchronized with the differentiation of DGs. We correlated the content of hypericin, pseudohypericin, endocrocin, skyrin glycosides and several flavonoids with gene expression and DG development to obtain a revised model for hypericin biosynthesis. Here, we report for the first time genotypes which are polymorphic for the presence/total absence (G+/G-) of DGs in their placental tissues (PTs). DG development was characterized in PTs using several microscopy techniques. Fourier transform infrared microscopy was established as a novel method to precisely locate polyaromatic compounds, such as hypericin, in plant tissues. In addition, we obtained transcriptome and metabolome profiles of unprecedented resolution in Hypericum. This study addresses for the first time the development of dark glands and identifies genes that constitute strong building blocks for the further elucidation of hypericin synthesis, its manipulation in plants, its engineering in microbial systems and its applications in medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paride Rizzo
- Leibniz‐Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenvorschung (IPK)GaterslebenGermany
| | - Lothar Altschmied
- Leibniz‐Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenvorschung (IPK)GaterslebenGermany
| | - Pauline Stark
- Leibniz‐Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie (IPB)Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Twan Rutten
- Leibniz‐Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenvorschung (IPK)GaterslebenGermany
| | - André Gündel
- Leibniz‐Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenvorschung (IPK)GaterslebenGermany
| | | | - Katrin Franke
- Leibniz‐Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie (IPB)Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Helmut Bäumlein
- Leibniz‐Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenvorschung (IPK)GaterslebenGermany
| | | | - Marcus Koch
- Ruprecht Karls Universität HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | - Ljudmilla Borisjuk
- Leibniz‐Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenvorschung (IPK)GaterslebenGermany
| | - Timothy F. Sharbel
- Leibniz‐Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenvorschung (IPK)GaterslebenGermany
- Global Institute for Food Security (GIFS)University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada
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Alam ST, Le TAN, Park JS, Kwon HC, Kang K. Antimicrobial Biophotonic Treatment of Ampicillin-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa with Hypericin and Ampicillin Cotreatment Followed by Orange Light. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E641. [PMID: 31805742 PMCID: PMC6956302 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial antibiotic resistance is an alarming global issue that requires alternative antimicrobial methods to which there is no resistance. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a well-known method to combat this problem for many pathogens, especially Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Hypericin and orange light APDT efficiently kill Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and the yeast Candida albicans. Although Gram-positive bacteria and many fungi are readily killed with APDT, Gram-negative bacteria are difficult to kill due to their different cell wall structures. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important opportunistic, life-threatening Gram-negative pathogens. However, it cannot be killed successfully by hypericin and orange light APDT. P. aeruginosa is ampicillin resistant, but we hypothesized that ampicillin could still damage the cell wall, which can promote photosensitizer uptake into Gram-negative cells. Using hypericin and ampicillin cotreatment followed by orange light, a significant reduction (3.4 log) in P. aeruginosa PAO1 was achieved. P. aeruginosa PAO1 inactivation and gut permeability improvement by APDT were successfully shown in a Caenorhabditis elegans model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seemi Tasnim Alam
- Natural Products Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (S.T.A.); (T.A.N.L.); (J.-S.P.); (H.C.K.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangwon-do 25451, Korea
| | - Tram Anh Ngoc Le
- Natural Products Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (S.T.A.); (T.A.N.L.); (J.-S.P.); (H.C.K.)
| | - Jin-Soo Park
- Natural Products Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (S.T.A.); (T.A.N.L.); (J.-S.P.); (H.C.K.)
| | - Hak Cheol Kwon
- Natural Products Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (S.T.A.); (T.A.N.L.); (J.-S.P.); (H.C.K.)
| | - Kyungsu Kang
- Natural Products Informatics Research Center, Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (S.T.A.); (T.A.N.L.); (J.-S.P.); (H.C.K.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangwon-do 25451, Korea
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Khot MI, Downey CL, Armstrong G, Svavarsdottir HS, Jarral F, Andrew H, Jayne DG. The role of ABCG2 in modulating responses to anti-cancer photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 29:101579. [PMID: 31639455 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) transmembrane protein transporter is known for conferring resistance to treatment in cancers. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising anti-cancer method involving the use of light-activated photosensitisers to precisely induce oxidative stress and cell death in cancers. ABCG2 can efflux photosensitisers from out of cells, reducing the capacity of PDT and limiting the efficacy of treatment. Many studies have attempted to elucidate the relationship between the expression of ABCG2 in cancers, its effect on the cellular retention of photosensitisers and its impact on PDT. This review looks at the studies which investigate the effect of ABCG2 on a range of different photosensitisers in different pre-clinical models of cancer. This work also evaluates the approaches that are being investigated to address the role of ABCG2 in PDT with an outlook on potential clinical validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ibrahim Khot
- School of Medicine, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Candice L Downey
- School of Medicine, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Gemma Armstrong
- School of Medicine, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Fazain Jarral
- School of Medicine, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Helen Andrew
- School of Medicine, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - David G Jayne
- School of Medicine, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Szymanski S, Majerz I. Aromaticity and Electron Density of Hypericin. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:2106-2115. [PMID: 31348658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the substituents on the geometry of the central ring system of hypericin has been analyzed. Substitution that causes flattening of the hypericin central rings is connected with introducing the aromatic character of the empty rings. All the hypericin rings have an aromatic character illustrated by the Harmonic Oscillator Measure of Aromaticity (HOMA), Nucleus Independent Chemical Shift (NICS), Fluctuation Index (FLU), and Ellipticity Index (EL) indices. Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) and Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analyses performed on 7,14-dihydrophenanthro[1,10,9,8-opqra]perylene, its substituted analogues, and hypericin show an influence of this substitution on electron density of the central rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Szymanski
- Faculty of Pharmacy , Wroclaw Medical University , Borowska 211a , 50-556 Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Irena Majerz
- Faculty of Pharmacy , Wroclaw Medical University , Borowska 211a , 50-556 Wroclaw , Poland
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60
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Camargo VG, Zanuto VS, Astrath NGC, Caetano W, Hioka N, Pereira PCS, Gonçalves RS, Lukasievicz GVB, Herculano LS, Malacarne LC. From Protohypericin to Hypericin: Photoconversion Analysis Using a Time-Resolved Thermal Lens Technique. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 73:936-944. [PMID: 31149836 DOI: 10.1177/0003702819846921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hypericin (Hyp) is a natural compound with interesting photophysical and pharmacological properties, which has been used in photodynamic therapy and photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms. Its synthesis is based on a series of chemical processes that ends with a light-drug interaction by the photoconversion of protohypericin (pHyp) to Hyp. Although this photosensitizer is used in a variety of medical applications, the photophysical and photochemical mechanisms involved in the final step related to the photo production of Hyp are not completely understood at the molecular level. Protohypericin concentration, solvents, light irradiation under different wavelengths, and a sort of variables could play an important role in predicting the yielding of this photoconversion process. Here, we used the high-sensitive and remote measurement characteristics of the time-resolved thermal lens technique to investigate the relation between the light-induced photoconversion rate of pHyp to Hyp and the initial concentration pHyp. The results show a linear dependence of the photoreaction rate with the concentration of pHyp, indicating that the overall reaction process includes steps comprising the formation of distinct intermediate species. We demonstrate the applicability of the thermal lens technique for the photochemical characterization of photosensitive drugs at low concentration levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius G Camargo
- 1 Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá - PR, Brazil
| | - Vitor S Zanuto
- 1 Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá - PR, Brazil
| | - Nelson G C Astrath
- 1 Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá - PR, Brazil
| | - Wilker Caetano
- 2 Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá - PR, Brazil
| | - Noboru Hioka
- 2 Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá - PR, Brazil
| | - Paulo C S Pereira
- 2 Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá - PR, Brazil
| | - Renato S Gonçalves
- 2 Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá - PR, Brazil
| | - Gustavo V B Lukasievicz
- 3 Departamento de Física, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Medianeira - PR, Brazil
| | - Leandro S Herculano
- 3 Departamento de Física, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Medianeira - PR, Brazil
| | - Luis C Malacarne
- 1 Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá - PR, Brazil
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Gao C, Jian J, Lin Z, Yu YX, Jiang BP, Chen H, Shen XC. Hypericin-Loaded Carbon Nanohorn Hybrid for Combined Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy in Vivo. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8228-8237. [PMID: 31140812 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of hypericin (Hyp) is hampered by poor water solubility and photostability. Incorporation of photosensitizers into nanocarriers has been designed to solve these issues. Herein, SWNH-Hyps nanohybrids were first fabricated by loading hypericin on the surface of single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) through ??? interaction and exhibited high solubility and stability in aqueous water. SWNH-Hyps could be utilized for a single platform for cancer therapy because it could simultaneously generate enough reactive oxygen species and hyperthermia using light irradiation. Moreover, the SWNHs not only improved water solubility, photostability, and therapy effects of Hyp but also protected it from light degradation. SWNH-Hyps could effectively ablate 4T1 cells by photodynamic/photothermal synergistic therapy upon 590 and 808 nm light irradiations compared with PDT. Furthermore, remarkable tumor cell death as well as tumor growth inhibition was proved via photothermal therapy and PDT of SWNH-Hyps under 590 and 808 nm light irradiations, which demonstrated that synergistic anticancer ability of SWNH-Hyps was better than that of free Hyp in vivo. Such a simple and facile adsorption method improved water solubility of Hyp and then enhanced its therapy effect, which displays that SWNHs can be hopefully used in medicines in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunji Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China
| | - Jing Jian
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China
| | - Zhaoxing Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China
| | - Yun-Xiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China
| | - Bang-Ping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China
| | - Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China
| | - Xing-Can Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China
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Yonar D, Kılıç Süloğlu A, Selmanoğlu G, Sünnetçioğlu MM. An Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin labeling study in HT-29 Colon adenocarcinoma cells after Hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:16. [PMID: 31221093 PMCID: PMC6585092 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-019-0205-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colon cancer affects 1.23 million people worldwide and is the third most common malignant disease in men and the second in women. The only curative treatment is surgical resection, but a significant number of patients develop local recurrence or distant metastases. One of the alternative treatment methods for colon cancer is photodynamic therapy (PDT). In recent years, hypericin (HYP) derived from Hypericum perforatum has been suggested as a strong candidate photosensitizer for PDT. Our interest is focused on the biophysical changes in colon cancer cells in relation to HYP-mediated PDT. Results In this study, HYP-mediated PDT at 0.04, 0.08 or 0.15 μM HYP concentrations was performed in HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cells and the Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectra of the spin labeled cells were obtained. Plasma membranes are already heterogeneous structures; the presence of cancer cells increased the heterogeneity and also fluidity of the plasma membranes. Therefore, the obtained spectra were evaluated by EPRSIMC program, which provides the calculation of heterogeneous structures up to four spectral components with different fluidity characteristics. Generally, two motional patterns were obtained from calculations and the number of them increased at the highest concentration. As the order parameters of the most populated components compared, an increase was observed depending on the HYP concentration. However, because of the heterogeneous structure of membrane, the order parameters of the less populated components did not exhibit a regular distribution. Conclusion After HYP-mediated PDT, concentration dependent changes were observed in the domain parameters indicating an increase in the HYP accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yonar
- Department of Physics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.,Present address: Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Yuksek Ihtisas University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Kılıç Süloğlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - G Selmanoğlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M M Sünnetçioğlu
- Department of Physics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
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Majerník M, Jendželovský R, Babinčák M, Košuth J, Ševc J, Tonelli Gombalová Z, Jendželovská Z, Buríková M, Fedoročko P. Novel Insights into the Effect of Hyperforin and Photodynamic Therapy with Hypericin on Chosen Angiogenic Factors in Colorectal Micro-Tumors Created on Chorioallantoic Membrane. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3004. [PMID: 31248208 PMCID: PMC6627608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy with hypericin (HY-PDT) and hyperforin (HP) could be treatment modalities for colorectal cancer (CRC), but evidence of their effect on angiogenic factors in CRC is missing. Convenient experimental model utilization is essential for angiogenesis research. Therefore, not only 2D cell models, but also 3D cell models and micro-tumors were used and compared. The micro-tumor extent and interconnection with the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) was determined by histological analyses. The presence of proliferating cells and HY penetration into the tumor mass were detected by fluorescence microscopy. The metabolic activity status was assessed by an colorimetric assay for assessing cell metabolic activity (MTT assay) and HY accumulation was determined by flow cytometry. Pro-angiogenic factor expression was determined by Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). We confirmed the cytotoxic effect of HY-PDT and HP and showed that their effect is influenced by structural characteristics of the experimental model. We have pioneered a method for analyzing the effect of HP and cellular targeted HY-PDT on pro-angiogenic factor expression in CRC micro-tumors. Despite the inhibitory effect of HY-PDT and HP on CRC, the increased expression of some pro-angiogenic factors was observed. We also showed that CRC experimental micro-tumors created on quail CAM could be utilized for analyses of gene and protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Majerník
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Rastislav Jendželovský
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Marián Babinčák
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Ján Košuth
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Juraj Ševc
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Tonelli Gombalová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Jendželovská
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Monika Buríková
- Cancer Research Institute BMC, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Fedoročko
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
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64
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Mansoori B, Mohammadi A, Amin Doustvandi M, Mohammadnejad F, Kamari F, Gjerstorff MF, Baradaran B, Hamblin MR. Photodynamic therapy for cancer: Role of natural products. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 26:395-404. [PMID: 31063860 PMCID: PMC6579671 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising modality for the treatment of cancer. PDT involves administering a photosensitizing dye, i.e. photosensitizer, that selectively accumulates in tumors, and shining a light source on the lesion with a wavelength matching the absorption spectrum of the photosensitizer, that exerts a cytotoxic effect after excitation. The reactive oxygen species produced during PDT are responsible for the oxidation of biomolecules, which in turn cause cell death and the necrosis of malignant tissue. PDT is a multi-factorial process that generally involves apoptotic death of the tumor cells, degeneration of the tumor vasculature, stimulation of anti-tumor immune response, and induction of inflammatory reactions in the illuminated lesion. Numerous compounds with photosensitizing activity have been introduced commercially. Although many papers have been published with regard to PDT in the last decade, there has been relatively little focus on natural medicinal plant extracts and compounds derived therefrom. Herbal plants and their extracts are natural substances, and in comparison with synthetic chemicals are considered "green". This review focuses on the different mechanisms of PDT and discusses the role of various plant extracts and natural compounds either alone or in combination for carrying out PDT on different types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | - Farzin Kamari
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morten F Gjerstorff
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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65
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Jutkova A, Chorvat D, Miskovsky P, Jancura D, Datta S. Encapsulation of anticancer drug curcumin and co-loading with photosensitizer hypericin into lipoproteins investigated by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Int J Pharm 2019; 564:369-378. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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66
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Vigneshwari A, Rakk D, Németh A, Kocsubé S, Kiss N, Csupor D, Papp T, Škrbić B, Vágvölgyi C, Szekeres A. Host metabolite producing endophytic fungi isolated from Hypericum perforatum. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217060. [PMID: 31112560 PMCID: PMC6529008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, endophytic fungi have been isolated from various parts of the medicinal herb Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s Wort), which is known as a source of medically important metabolites. The isolated strains were cultured in liquid media and their ability to synthesize hypericin, the secondary metabolite of the host and its suspected precursor, emodin was tested analyzing the extracts of the fermentation broth and the mycelia. The HPLC-UV analysis of the chloroform/methanol extracts of the mycelia revealed that three isolates were able to produce emodin (SZMC 23771, 19.9 ng/mg; SZMC 23772, 20.8 ng/mg; SZMC 23769, 427.9 ng/mg) and one of them also could synthesize hypericin (SZMC 23769, 320.4 ng/mg). These results were also confirmed via UHPLC-HRMS technique both in full scan and MS/MS mode. The strains producing only emodin belong to the section Alternata of the genus Alternaria, while the isolate producing both metabolites was identified as Epicoccum nigrum. The mycelial extracts of E. nigrum and the Alternaria sp. SZMC 23772 showed higher inhibitory activities in the antimicrobial tests against the six selected bacteria compared to the hypericin and emodin standards in the applied concentration (100 μg/mL), while in case of the Alternaria sp. SZMC 23771 lower inhibition activities were observed on Staphylococcus aureus and Streptomyces albus than the pure compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Vigneshwari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dávid Rakk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anikó Németh
- Botanical Garden, University of Szeged, Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sándor Kocsubé
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Noémi Kiss
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Papp
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Fungal Pathogenicity Mechanisms Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences—University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Biljana Škrbić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Szekeres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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67
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Bianchini P, Cozzolino M, Oneto M, Pesce L, Pennacchietti F, Tognolini M, Giorgio C, Nonell S, Cavanna L, Delcanale P, Abbruzzetti S, Diaspro A, Viappiani C. Hypericin-Apomyoglobin: An Enhanced Photosensitizer Complex for the Treatment of Tumor Cells. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:2024-2033. [PMID: 30995399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bioavailability of photosensitizers for cancer photodynamic therapy is often hampered by their low solubility in water. Here, we overcome this issue by using the water-soluble protein apomyoglobin (apoMb) as a carrier for the photosensitizer hypericin (Hyp). The Hyp-apoMb complex is quickly uptaken by HeLa and PC3 cells at submicromolar concentrations. Fluorescence emission of Hyp-apoMb is exploited to localize the cellular distribution of the photosensitizer. The plasma membrane is rapidly and efficiently loaded, and fluorescence is observed in the cytoplasm only at later times and to a lesser extent. Comparison with cells loaded with Hyp alone demonstrates that the uptake of the photosensitizer without the protein carrier is a slower, less efficient process, that involves the whole cell structure without preferential accumulation at the plasma membrane. Cell viability assays demonstrate that the Hyp-apoMb exhibits superior performance over Hyp. Similar results were obtained using tumor spheroids as three-dimensional cell culture models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bianchini
- Nanoscopy , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genoa 16163 , Italy.,Nikon Imaging Center , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genoa 16163 , Italy
| | - Marco Cozzolino
- Nanoscopy , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genoa 16163 , Italy.,Department of Physics , University of Genoa , via Dodecaneso 33 , Genoa 16146 , Italy
| | - Michele Oneto
- Nanoscopy , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genoa 16163 , Italy.,Nikon Imaging Center , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genoa 16163 , Italy
| | - Luca Pesce
- Nanoscopy , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genoa 16163 , Italy.,Department of Physics , University of Genoa , via Dodecaneso 33 , Genoa 16146 , Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Tognolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco , Università di Parma , Parco area delle Scienze 27/A , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Carmine Giorgio
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco , Università di Parma , Parco area delle Scienze 27/A , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Quimic de Sarrià , Universitat Ramon Llull , Via Augusta 390 , 08017 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Luigi Cavanna
- Dipartimento di Oncologia-Ematologia , Azienda USL di Piacenza , Via Taverna, 49 , 29121 Piacenza , Italy
| | - Pietro Delcanale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche , Università di Parma , Parco area delle Scienze 7/A , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche , Università di Parma , Parco area delle Scienze 7/A , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Nanoscopy , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genoa 16163 , Italy.,Nikon Imaging Center , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30 , Genoa 16163 , Italy.,Department of Physics , University of Genoa , via Dodecaneso 33 , Genoa 16146 , Italy
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche , Università di Parma , Parco area delle Scienze 7/A , 43124 Parma , Italy
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Lenkavska L, Blascakova L, Jurasekova Z, Macajova M, Bilcik B, Cavarga I, Miskovsky P, Huntosova V. Benefits of hypericin transport and delivery by low- and high-density lipoproteins to cancer cells: From in vitro to ex ovo. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 25:214-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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69
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Xu L, Zhang X, Cheng W, Wang Y, Yi K, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Shao L, Zhao T. Hypericin-photodynamic therapy inhibits the growth of adult T-cell leukemia cells through induction of apoptosis and suppression of viral transcription. Retrovirology 2019; 16:5. [PMID: 30782173 PMCID: PMC6381730 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-019-0467-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is an aggressive neoplasm caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). ATL carries a poor prognosis due to chemotherapy resistance. Thus, it is urgent to develop new treatment strategies. Hypericin (HY) is a new-type of photosensitizer in the context of photodynamic therapy (PDT) due to its excellent photosensitizing properties and anti-tumor activities. RESULTS In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of hypericin in ATL cells. Clinically achievable concentrations of hypericin in association with PDT induced the inhibition of cell proliferation in ATL cell lines with minimal effect on peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes. Moreover, hypericin-PDT treatment caused apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in leukemic cells. Western blot analyses revealed that hypericin-PDT treatment resulted in downregulation of Bcl-2 and enhanced the expression of Bad, cytochrome C, and AIF. Cleavage of caspases-3/-7/-9/-8, Bid, and PARP was increased in hypericin-PDT-treated ATL cells. In a luciferase assay, hypericin-PDT treatment was able to activate the promoter activity of Bax and p53, resulting in enhanced expression of Bax and p53 proteins. Finally, hypericin-PDT treatment suppressed the expression of viral protein HBZ and Tax by blocking the promoter activity via HTLV-1 5'LTR and 3'LTR. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that hypericin-PDT is highly effective against ATL cells by induction of apoptosis and suppression of viral transcription. These studies highlight the promising use of hypericin-PDT as a targeted therapy for ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Xu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueqing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenzhao Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Department, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaining Yi
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiling Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linxiang Shao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tiejun Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China.
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Jendželovský R, Jendželovská Z, Kuchárová B, Fedoročko P. Breast cancer resistance protein is the enemy of hypericin accumulation and toxicity of hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:2173-2181. [PMID: 30551474 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) belongs to the family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, overexpression of which can confer a multidrug-resistant phenotype in cancer cells and tumors. BCRP mediates efflux of numerous xenobiotics, including various chemotherapeutic agents and photosensitizers. Hypericin (HY) is a naturally-occurring photosensitizer synthesized by plants of the genus Hypericum. Our recently published results indicate that accumulation of HY in cancer cells of different tissue origin can be affected mostly by BCRP. Considering all known facts, the main goal of this study was to verify whether not only HY accumulation but also toxicity of HY-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be affected by the presence of some ABC transporters. To specifically prove our hypothesis, we used an experimental model of human leukemia cell lines differing in the expression level of the main drug efflux transporters P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) and BCRP. The lowest HY accumulation, and consequently the highest resistance to HY-PDT, was found in cells overexpressing BCRP. Moreover, pretreatment with BCRP inhibitor Ko143 significantly increased HY accumulation and sensitized cells to HY-PDT. Therefore, our findings represent direct evidence that BCRP is the nemesis of HY accumulation and toxicity of HY-PDT. Thus, we should emphasize that individualized screening for BCRP expression and activity may represent a useful tool for prediction of HY-mediated photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) or PDT effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rastislav Jendželovský
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Jendželovská
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Barbora Kuchárová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Peter Fedoročko
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
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71
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Damke GMZF, Souza RP, Montanha MC, Damke E, Gonçalves RS, César GB, Kimura E, Caetano W, Hioka N, Consolaro MEL. Selective Photodynamic Effects on Breast Cancer Cells Provided by p123 Pluronic®- Based Nanoparticles Modulating Hypericin Delivery. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2018; 20:1352-1367. [PMID: 30387402 DOI: 10.2174/1871520618666181102091010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most relevant type of cancer and the second cause of cancer- related deaths among women in general. Currently, there is no effective treatment for breast cancer although advances in its initial diagnosis and treatment are available. Therefore, the value of novel anti-tumor therapeutic modalities remains an immediate unmet need in clinical practice. Following our previous work regarding the properties of the Pluronics with different photosensitizers (PS) for photodynamic therapy (PDT), in this study we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of supersaturated hypericin (HYP) encapsulated on Pluronic® P123 (HYP/P123) against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and non-tumorigenic breast cells (MCF-10A). METHODS Cell internalization and subcellular distribution of HYP/P123 was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. The phototoxicity and citototoxicity of HYP/P123 was assessed by trypan blue exclusion assay in the presence and absence of light. Long-term cytotoxicity was performed by clonogenic assay. Cell migration was determined by the wound-healing assay. Apoptosis and necrosis assays were performed by annexin VFITC/ propidium Iodide (PI) by fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS Our results showed that HYP/P123 micelles had high stability and high rates of binding to cells, which resulted in the selective internalization in MCF-7, indicating their potential to permeate the membrane of these cells. Moreover, HYP/P123 micelles accumulated in mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum organelles, resulting in the photodynamic cell death by necrosis. Additionally, HYP/P123 micelles showed effective and selective time- and dose dependent phototoxic effects on MCF-7 cells but little damage to MCF-10A cells. HYP/P123 micelles inhibited the generation of cellular colonies, indicating a possible capability to prevent the recurrence of breast cancer. We also demonstrated that HYP/P123 micelles inhibit the migration of tumor cells, possibly by decreasing their ability to form metastases. CONCLUSION Taken together, the results presented here indicate a potentially useful role of HYP/P123 micelles as a platform for HYP delivery to more specifically and effectively treat human breast cancers through photodynamic therapy, suggesting they are worthy for in vivo preclinical evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Pantarotto Souza
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Edilson Damke
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | | | | | - Elza Kimura
- Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Wilker Caetano
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Noboru Hioka
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Parana, Brazil
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Bresolí-Obach R, Busto-Moner L, Muller C, Reina M, Nonell S. NanoDCFH-DA: A Silica-based Nanostructured Fluorogenic Probe for the Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 94:1143-1150. [PMID: 30240026 DOI: 10.1111/php.13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A biocompatible fluorescent nanoprobe for the detection of reactive oxygen species in biological systems has been designed, synthesized and characterized, circumventing some of the limitations of the molecular probe diacetyl 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCFH-DA). It has been synthetized the nanoparticulate form of DCFH-DA by covalently attaching the widely used fluorescent probe DCFH-DA to a mesoporous silica nanoparticle through a linker. The reactivity of nanoDCFH-DA has been tested toward several reactive oxygen species. In addition, it has been proved to slow down DCFH-DA reaction with molecular oxygen and it hampers from interactions with proteins. As a final piece of evidence, in vitro studies showed that the nanoprobe is internalized by HeLa cancer cells, thus being capable of detecting intracellularly generated reactive oxygen species. To sum up, it can be stated that nanoDCFH-DA overcomes two major problems of free DCFH-DA, namely oxidation of the probe by air and interaction with proteins in biological systems. This "nano" approach has thus proven useful to extend the utility of an existing and valuable fluorescent probe to complex biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Busto-Moner
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Muller
- Celltec UB, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Reina
- Celltec UB, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
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73
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Inhibiting ABCG2 could potentially enhance the efficacy of hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy in spheroidal cell models of colorectal cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 23:221-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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74
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Blascakova L, Horvath D, Belej D, Wagnieres G, Miskovsky P, Jancura D, Huntosova V. Hypericin can cross barriers in the chicken’s chorioallantoic membrane model when delivered in low-density lipoproteins. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 23:306-313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Kim H, Kim SW, Seok KH, Hwang CW, Ahn JC, Jin JO, Kang HW. Hypericin-assisted photodynamic therapy against anaplastic thyroid cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 24:15-21. [PMID: 30118906 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypericin (HYP) extracted from St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) is a natural photosensitizer in clinical photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT is one of the powerful methods for cancer treatments because of its excellent tumoritropic characteristics and photosensitizing properties. However, limited reports on the efficacy of PDT on anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) have been published. Especially HYP-associated PDT has not been investigated in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we evaluated the effect of HYP for PDT against FRO ATC cells. METHODS The activities of HYP-assisted PDT were investigated in ATC cells. The ATC FRO cells were treated with a combination of HYP dose and laser power. The viability of FRO cells was measured by MTT assay, and Trypan blue staining was performed to monitor cell death. Detection reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential after HYP-assisted PDT were analyzed by confocal microscopy. For in vivo study, FRO cells were injected into nude mice. After intravenous injection of HYP, Laser was irradiated and nude mice were monitored in Day 4, 7, 14. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The rate of FRO cell death was increased by applying HYP dose and laser power dependent. Moreover, HYP and laser irradiation induced FRO cell death was mediated by the intracellular ROS generation and mitochondrial damage. Finally, the HYP-assisted PDT eliminated FRO cell tumor from the mouse in vivo. These data demonstrate that HYP could be an effective photosensitizer for human ATC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hyuk Seok
- Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Woo Hwang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Chul Ahn
- Department of Bio-Medical Science and Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Kang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK 21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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76
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Mullineaux PM, Exposito-Rodriguez M, Laissue PP, Smirnoff N. ROS-dependent signalling pathways in plants and algae exposed to high light: Comparisons with other eukaryotes. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 122:52-64. [PMID: 29410363 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Like all aerobic organisms, plants and algae co-opt reactive oxygen species (ROS) as signalling molecules to drive cellular responses to changes in their environment. In this respect, there is considerable commonality between all eukaryotes imposed by the constraints of ROS chemistry, similar metabolism in many subcellular compartments, the requirement for a high degree of signal specificity and the deployment of thiol peroxidases as transducers of oxidising equivalents to regulatory proteins. Nevertheless, plants and algae carry out specialised signalling arising from oxygenic photosynthesis in chloroplasts and photoautotropism, which often induce an imbalance between absorption of light energy and the capacity to use it productively. A key means of responding to this imbalance is through communication of chloroplasts with the nucleus to adjust cellular metabolism. Two ROS, singlet oxygen (1O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), initiate distinct signalling pathways when photosynthesis is perturbed. 1O2, because of its potent reactivity means that it initiates but does not transduce signalling. In contrast, the lower reactivity of H2O2 means that it can also be a mobile messenger in a spatially-defined signalling pathway. How plants translate a H2O2 message to bring about changes in gene expression is unknown and therefore, we draw on information from other eukaryotes to propose a working hypothesis. The role of these ROS generated in other subcellular compartments of plant cells in response to HL is critically considered alongside other eukaryotes. Finally, the responses of animal cells to oxidative stress upon high irradiance exposure is considered for new comparisons between plant and animal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Mullineaux
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
| | | | | | - Nicholas Smirnoff
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
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77
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Li ZH, Li YY, Hou M, Yang T, Lu LC, Xu XY. Topically applied hypericin exhibits skin penetrability on nude mice. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1279-1286. [PMID: 29915976 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypericin, a powerful natural photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT), is suitable for treating skin diseases involving excess capillary proliferation. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the skin penetrability of topically applied hypericin, expecting a reduced risk of prolonged skin photosensitivity, which often occurs after systemic administration. Firstly, the Franz diffusion cell assays were performed to evaluate the penetration effects of different enhancers, including menthol, propylene glycol, camphanone, azone, and carbamide. In view of above evaluation results, we selected menthol as the enhancer in the subsequent in vivo studies. The setting groups were as follows: the blank control group, the light-exposure control group, the gel-base control group, the hypericin gel group, and a hypericin gel-containing menthol group. Except for the blank control, all other animals were irradiated by a LED light. Then, fluorescence microscopy was performed to examine the distribution of hypericin in the skin of nude mouse. Macroscopic and microscopic analyses were also carried out to detect pathological changes in the skin after topical hypericin-PDT treatment. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression change of PECAM-1. As shown in the results, menthol facilitated hypericin penetrate the skin of nude mice most. The results of in vivo assays revealed that hypericin penetrated nude mouse skin, spread to the dermis, and resulted in obvious photosensitivity reaction on the dermal capillaries. Moreover, skin injured by the photosensitive reaction induced by hypericin-PDT treatment was replaced by normal skin within 7 days. We concluded that topical applied hypericin could penetrate nude mouse skin well and has a great potential in PDT treatment of skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Heng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening from Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica - the Key Discipline Constructed by the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, 2215B Garland Avenue LH1275 MRB-4, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Lai-Chun Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening from Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
- Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica - the Key Discipline Constructed by the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
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78
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Datta S, Hovan A, Jutková A, Kruglik SG, Jancura D, Miskovsky P, Bánó G. Phosphorescence Kinetics of Singlet Oxygen Produced by Photosensitization in Spherical Nanoparticles. Part II. The Case of Hypericin-Loaded Low-Density Lipoprotein Particles. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:5154-5160. [PMID: 29709185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The phosphorescence kinetics of singlet oxygen produced by photosensitized hypericin (Hyp) molecules inside low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles was studied experimentally and by means of numerical and analytical modeling. The phosphorescence signal was measured after short laser pulse irradiation of aqueous Hyp/LDL solutions. The Hyp triplet state lifetime determined by a laser flash-photolysis measurement was 5.3 × 10-6 s. The numerical and the analytical model described in part I of the present work (DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b00658) were used to analyze the observed phosphorescence kinetics of singlet oxygen. It was shown that singlet oxygen diffuses out of LDL particles on a time scale shorter than 0.1 μs. The total (integrated) concentration of singlet oxygen inside LDL is more than an order of magnitude smaller than the total singlet oxygen concentration in the solvent. The time course of singlet oxygen concentrations inside and outside the particles was calculated using simplified representations of the LDL internal structure. The experimental phosphorescence data were fitted by a linear combination of these concentrations using the emission factor E (the ratio of the radiative singlet oxygen depopulation rate constants inside and outside LDL) as a fitting parameter. The emission factor was determined to be E = 6.7 ± 2.5. Control measurements were carried out by adding sodium azide, a strong singlet oxygen quencher, to the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sergei G Kruglik
- Laboratoire Jean Perrin, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 6, CNRS UMR 8237 , 4 place Jussieu , 75005 Paris , France
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79
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Dalmizrak O, Teralı K, Abdullah RK, Ozer N. Mechanistic and structural insights into the in vitro inhibitory action of hypericin on glutathione reductase purified from baker's yeast. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2018; 32:e22051. [PMID: 29660796 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This work aims at studying the interaction between glutathione reductase (GR) and hypericin. The type of inhibition was determined by measuring changes in GR activity at increasing concentrations of hypericin as well as at varying concentrations of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and the binding pose of hypericin was predicted by molecular docking. Accordingly, hypericin emerges as an effective inhibitor of GR. When the variable substrate is GSSG, the type of inhibition is competitive. When the variable substrate is NADPH, however, the type of inhibition appears to be linear mixed-type competitive. Our computational analyses suggest that hypericin binds in the large intermonomer cavity of GR, and that it may interfere with the normal positioning/functioning of the redox-active disulfide center at the enzyme's active site. Overall, besides its contributory role in promoting oxidative stress via the formation of reactive oxygen species in photodynamic therapy, hypericin can also weaken cancer cells through inhibiting GR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Dalmizrak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, TRNC, 99138, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Kerem Teralı
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, TRNC, 99138, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Redwan Kawa Abdullah
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, TRNC, 99138, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Nazmi Ozer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, TRNC, 99138, Mersin 10, Turkey
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80
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Zhou C, Cheng H, Qin W, Zhang Y, Xiong H, Yang J, Huang H, Wang Y, Chen XZ, Tang J. Pygopus2 inhibits the efficacy of paclitaxel-induced apoptosis and induces multidrug resistance in human glioma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:27915-27928. [PMID: 28427190 PMCID: PMC5438618 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-microtubule drugs, such as paclitaxel (PTX), are extensively used for the treatment of numerous cancers. However, growing evidence has shown that PTX resistance, either intrinsic or acquired, frequently occurs in patients and results in the failure of treatment, contributing to the high cancer mortality rate. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the genes or pathways involved in anti-microtubule drug resistance for future successful treatment of cancers. Pygopus2 (Pygo2), which contains a Zn-coordinated plant homeodomain (PHD) finger domain, is critical for β-catenin-dependent transcriptional switches in normal and malignant tissues and is over-expressed in various cancers, including human brain glioma. In this study, we report that over-expression of Pygo2 inhibited the efficacy of PTX and contributed to cell multidrug resistance in two different ways. First, over-expression of Pygo2 inhibited the PTX-induced phosphorylation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), suppressing the proteolytic cleavage of procaspase-8/9 and further inhibiting the activation of caspase-3, which also inhibits the activation of the JNK/SAPK pathway, ultimately inhibiting cell apoptosis. Second, over-expression of Pygo2 facilitated the expression of P-glycoprotein, which acts as a drug efflux pump, by promoting the transcription of Multi-drug resistance 1 (MDR1) at the MDR1 promoter loci, resulting in acceleration of the efflux of PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cefan Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Hongxia Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Huaxia University of Technology, 430223, China
| | - Wenying Qin
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- XiLi People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huang Huang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Yefu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Xing-Zhen Chen
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China.,Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jingfeng Tang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
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81
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You MK, Kim HJ, Kook JH, Kim HA. St. John's Wort Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells by Inhibiting AMPK/mTOR and Activating the Mitochondrial Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19040966. [PMID: 29570671 PMCID: PMC5979501 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19040966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
St. John’s Wort (SJW) has been used as an estrogen agonist in the systems affected by menopause. Also, hypericin, a bioactive compound of SJW, has been used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy. In the present study, we investigate the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of SJW to demonstrate the chemo-preventive effect in human breast cancer cells. MCF-7 cells were cultured with DMSO or various concentrations of SJW ethanol extract (SJWE). Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, the expression of proteins involved in cell growth and apoptosis, and caspase-3/7 activity were examined. SJWE dose-dependently suppressed cell growth and induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. Mechanistically, SJWE enhanced the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and decreased the expression of p-mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) and p-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1). Also, SJWE inhibited the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and showed increases in the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bad with decreases in the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins including B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL), and p-Bcl-2-associated death promoter (p-Bad). SJWE at 50 μg/mL showed markedly enhanced caspase-7 activation. Taken together, our results provide evidence that SJWE shows anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects via inhibition of AMPK/mTOR and activation of a mitochondrial pathway. Therefore, SJWE can be used as a chemo-preventive agent without photo-activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyoung You
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - Hwa-Jin Kim
- Hisol Inc., 247-9, Baraebong-gil, Unbong-eup, Namwon-si, Jeollabuk-do 55717, Korea.
| | - Ji Hyun Kook
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Mokpo National University, 1666, Yeongsan-ro, Cheonggye-myeon, Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do 58554, Korea.
| | - Hyeon-A Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Mokpo National University, 1666, Yeongsan-ro, Cheonggye-myeon, Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do 58554, Korea.
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82
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Keša P, Jancura D, Kudláčová J, Valušová E, Antalík M. Excitation of triplet states of hypericin in water mediated by hydrotropic cromolyn sodium salt. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 193:185-191. [PMID: 29241053 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypericin (Hyp) is a hydrophobic pigment found in plants of the genus Hypericum which exhibits low levels of solubility in water. This work shows that the solubility of Hyp can be significantly increased through the addition of cromolyn disodium salt (DSCG). Performed studies using UV-VIS absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies demonstrate that Hyp remains in a predominantly biologically photodynamic active monomeric form in the presence of DSCG at concentrations ranging from 4.6×10-3 to 1.2×10-1mol·L-1. The low association constant between Hyp and DSCG (Ka=71.7±2M-1), and the polarity value of 0.3 determined for Hyp in a DSCG-water solution, lead to a suggestion that the monomerization of Hyp in aqueous solution can be explained as a result of the hydrotropic effect of DSCG. This hydrotropic effect is most likely a result of interactions between two relative rigid aromatic rings of DSCG and a delocalized charge on the surface of the Hyp molecule. The triplet-triplet (T-T) electronic transition observed in is Hyp in the presence of DSCG suggests a possible production of reactive oxygen species once Hyp is irradiated with visible light in a DSCG aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Keša
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Daniel Jancura
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Jesenná 5, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia; Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Jesenná 5, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Júlia Kudláčová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Šrobárova 2, 041 80 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Eva Valušová
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marián Antalík
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Šrobárova 2, 041 80 Košice, Slovakia; Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
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83
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Vargová J, Mikeš J, Jendželovský R, Mikešová L, Kuchárová B, Čulka Ľ, Fedr R, Remšík J, Souček K, Kozubík A, Fedoročko P. Hypericin affects cancer side populations via competitive inhibition of BCRP. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:511-522. [PMID: 29665654 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) are considered a root of tumorigenicity and resistance. However, their identification remains challenging. The use of the side population (SP) assay as a credible marker of CSLCs remains controversial. The SP assay relies on the elevated activity of ABC transporters that, in turn, can be modulated by hypericin (HYP), a photosensitizer and bioactive compound of St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum), a popular over-the-counter antidepressant. Here we aimed to comprehensively characterize the SP phenotype of cancer cells and to determine the impact of HYP on these cells. METHODS Flow cytometry and sorting-based assays were employed, including CD24-, CD44-, CD133-, and ALDH-positivity, clonogenicity, 3D-forming ability, ABC transporter expression and activity, and intracellular accumulation of HYP/Hoechst 33342. The tumorigenic ability of SP, nonSP, and HYP-treated cells was verified by xenotransplantation into immunodeficient mice. RESULTS The SP phenotype was associated with elevated expression of several investigated transporters and more intensive growth in non-adherent conditions but not with higher clonogenicity, tumorigenicity or ALDH-positivity. Despite stimulated BCRP level and MRP1 activity, HYP reversibly decreased the SP proportion, presumably via competitive inhibition of BCRP. HYP-selected SP cells acquired additional traits of resistance and extensively eliminated HYP. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that SP is not an unequivocal CSLC-marker. However, SP could play an important role in modulating HYP-treatment and serve as a negative predictive tool for HYP-based therapies. Moreover, the use of supplements containing HYP by cancer patients should be carefully considered, due to its proposed effect on drug efflux and complex impact on tumor cells, which have not yet been sufficiently characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Vargová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaromír Mikeš
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Rastislav Jendželovský
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Lucia Mikešová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Barbora Kuchárová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľubomír Čulka
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Radek Fedr
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Královopolská 135, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic; Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Remšík
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Královopolská 135, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic; Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Souček
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Královopolská 135, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic; Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alois Kozubík
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Královopolská 135, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Fedoročko
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54, Košice, Slovak Republic.
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Gao L, Zhang J, Ma T, Yao N, Gao M, Shan X, Ni Y, Shao H, Xu K. Improved therapeutic outcomes of thermal ablation on rat orthotopic liver allograft sarcoma models by radioiodinated hypericin induced necrosis targeted radiotherapy. Oncotarget 2018; 7:51450-51461. [PMID: 27285983 PMCID: PMC5239487 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Residual tumor resulting in tumor recurrence after various anticancer therapies is an unmet challenge in current clinical oncology. This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that radioiodinated hypericin (131I-Hyp) may inhibit residual tumor recurrence after microwave ablation (MWA) on rat orthotopic liver allograft sarcoma models.Thirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with hepatic tumors were divided into three groups: Group A received laparotomy MWA and sequential intravenous injection (i.v.) of 131I labelled hypericin (131I-Hyp) in a time interval of 24 h; Group B received only laparotomy MWA; Group C was a blank control. Tumor inhibitory effects were monitored with in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and these findings were compared to histopathology data before (baseline, day 0) and 1, 4, and 8 days after MWA. In addition, biodistribution of 131I-Hyp was assessed with in vivo single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) imaging, in vitro autoradiography, fluorescent microscopy, and gamma counting.A fast clearance of 131I-Hyp and increasing deposit in necrotic tumors appeared over time, with a significantly higher radioactivity than other organs (0.9169 ± 1.1138 % ID/g, P < 0.01) on day 9. Tumor growth was significantly slowed down in group A compared to group B and C according to MRI images and corresponding tumor doubling time (12.13 ± 1.99, 4.09 ± 0.97, 3.36 ± 0.72 days respectively). The crescent tagerability of 131I-Hyp to necrosis was visualized consistently by autoradiography and fluorescence microscopy.In conclusion, 131I-Hyp induced necrosis targeted radiotherapy improved therapeutic outcomes of MWA on rat orthotopic liver allograft sarcoma models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Gao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tengchuang Ma
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Nan Yao
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Shan
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yicheng Ni
- Department of Imaging & Pathology, Theragnostic Laboratory, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Haibo Shao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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85
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Abma E, Peremans K, De Vos F, Bosmans T, Kitshoff AM, Daminet S, Ni Y, Dockx R, de Rooster H. Biodistribution and tolerance of intravenous iodine-131-labelled hypericin in healthy dogs. Vet Comp Oncol 2018; 16:318-323. [PMID: 29314561 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Hypericin (Hyp) is a necrosis-avid compound that can be efficiently labelled with radioiodine for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Before 131 I-Hyp can be considered as a clinically useful drug in a combination therapy for canine cancer patients, evaluation of its toxicity is necessary. The aim of this study was to investigate the biodistribution and tolerance of a single dose administration of 131 I-Hyp. Three healthy dogs were included. 131 I-Hyp at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg and an activity of 185 MBq was intravenously injected. The effects on physical, haematological and biochemical parameters were characterized and the biodistribution and elimination pattern, the effective half-life and dose rate were assessed. Drug-related adverse events were limited to mild gastrointestinal signs, resolving within 48 hours. No significant differences were found in blood haematology and serum biochemistry before and after treatment. Following administration, highest percentage of injected dose (%ID ± SD) was found in the liver (5.5 ± 0.33), the lungs (4.17 ± 0.14) and the heart (3.11 ± 0.78). After 24 hours, highest %ID was found in colon (4.25 ± 1.45) and liver (3.45 ± 0.60). Clearance from all organs was effective within 7 days. Effective half-life was established at 80 hours, and the dose rate fell below <20 μSv/h at 1 m within 1 day. The current study reveals that single dose treatment with 131 I-Hyp at the described dose is well tolerated by healthy dogs and supports the use of radioiodinated hypericin in a combination therapy for canine cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Abma
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - K Peremans
- Department of Medical Imaging and Orthopaedics of Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - F De Vos
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - T Bosmans
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - A M Kitshoff
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - S Daminet
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Y Ni
- Theragnostic Lab, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Dockx
- Department of Medical Imaging and Orthopaedics of Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - H de Rooster
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
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86
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Zhang Y, Shang K, Wu X, Song S, Li Z, Pei Z, Pei Y. Highly efficient green synthesis and photodynamic therapeutic study of hypericin and its derivatives. RSC Adv 2018; 8:21786-21792. [PMID: 35541722 PMCID: PMC9080980 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03732a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly efficient synthetic pathway for hypericin (7a) was achieved under mild conditions with an overall yield over two steps of 92% using emodinanthrone as a starting material, where protohypericin, a key precursor of hypericin, was synthesized in water with microwave assistance, which was then photocyclized to hypericin with a high yield via 1 h irradiation in a visible light reactor equipped with 575 nm monochromatic lamps. In addition, the method could be used to synthesize hypericin derivatives (7b–d) with similar overall yields. Furthermore, their effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) were evaluated on A431, HepG-2, and MCF-7 cell lines. The PDT of 7b was better than that of 7a, whereas 7c and 7d were worse. Unlike other cell lines, MCF-7 was not sensitive to any of 7a–d at the same concentrations. A highly efficient synthetic pathway for hypericin as well as its derivatives was achieved under mild and green conditions with high yields.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- PR China
| | - Kun Shang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- PR China
| | - Xiaowen Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- PR China
| | - Siyu Song
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- PR China
| | - Zebo Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- PR China
| | - Zhichao Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- PR China
| | - Yuxin Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- PR China
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87
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Béjaoui A, Ben Salem I, Rokbeni N, M’rabet Y, Boussaid M, Boulila A. Bioactive compounds from Hypericum humifusum and Hypericum perfoliatum: inhibition potential of polyphenols with acetylcholinesterase and key enzymes linked to type-2 diabetes. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:906-911. [PMID: 28147885 PMCID: PMC6130493 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1270973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Natural products are reported to have a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cholinesterase. The genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae) is a source of a variety of molecules with different biological activities, notably hypericin and various phenolics. OBJECTIVES The goals of the present work were the determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content, hypericin and hyperforin concentration as well as the evaluation of biological of Hypericum humifusum L. (Hhu) and Hypericum perfoliatum L. (Hper). MATERIALS AND METHODS The various extracts of aerial parts were powdered, and then extracted with methanol. Antibacterial activity was performed according to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal (MBC) methods against four Gram-positive bacteria, four Gram-negative bacteria and yeast. RESULTS The results revealed that H. humifusum, bear the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content (48-113 mg GAE/g and 8-41 mg RE/g, respectively) as well as hypericin (60-90 mg/g) and hyperforin (8-30 mg/g) concentration. Both species showed significant antioxidant activity as revealed by DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, and metal chelating assays. H. humifusum exhibited a strong acetylcholinesterase (3.86-4.57 mg GALAEs/g), α-glucosidase (0.73-2.55 mmol ACEs/g) and α-amylase (3-8 mmol ACEs/g) inhibitory activity. The extract of H. humifusum exhibited strong antibacterial activity mainly against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococus aureus, and Enterococcus faecium (MIC values ranging from 200 to 250 μg/mL). The highest antifungal activity was showed for H. perfoliatum extract (MIC value = 250 μg/mL). CONCLUSION The data suggest that H. humifusum could be used as valuable new natural agents with functional properties for pharmacology industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afef Béjaoui
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Issam Ben Salem
- National Centre for Nuclear Science and Technology (CNSTN), Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Nesrine Rokbeni
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, National Institute of Research and Physico-chemical Analysis, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Yassine M’rabet
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, National Institute of Research and Physico-chemical Analysis, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Boussaid
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abdennacer Boulila
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, National Institute of Research and Physico-chemical Analysis, Ariana, Tunisia
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Susceptibility of In Vitro Melanoma Skin Cancer to Photoactivated Hypericin versus Aluminium(III) Phthalocyanine Chloride Tetrasulphonate. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5407012. [PMID: 29147654 PMCID: PMC5632892 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5407012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The sensitivity of human melanoma cells to photoactivated Hypericin (Hyp) compared to aluminium(III) phthalocyanine chloride tetrasulphonate (AlPcS4Cl) is reported in this study. Melanoma cells (A375 cell line) were treated with various concentrations of Hyp or AlPcS4Cl alone, for 1, 4, and 24 hrs; varying doses of laser irradiation alone (594 or 682 nm); or optimal concentrations of PSs combined with laser irradiation. Changes in cell morphology, viability, membrane integrity, and proliferation after treatment of cells were determined using inverted microscopy, Trypan blue cell exclusion, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) membrane integrity, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) cell proliferation assay, respectively. More than 60% of cell survival was observed when cells were treated with 2.5 μM of Hyp or AlPcS4Cl alone at all incubation times or with 5 J/cm2 of 594 or 682 nm laser alone. Combination of PSs and respective lasers leads to a statistically significant incubation time-dependent decrease in survival of cells. Flow cytometry using the FITC Annexin V/PI apoptosis kit demonstrated that cell death induced after Hyp-PDT is via early and late apoptosis whereas early apoptosis was the main mechanism observed with AlPcS4Cl-PDT. Hyp-PDT compared to AlPcS4Cl-PDT is indicated to be a more effective cancer cell death inducer in melanoma cells.
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89
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Photodynamic therapy with TMPyP – Porphyrine induces mitotic catastrophe and microtubule disorganization in HeLa and G361 cells, a comprehensive view of the action of the photosensitizer. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 173:522-537. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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90
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Joniova J, Rebič M, Strejčková A, Huntosova V, Staničová J, Jancura D, Miskovsky P, Bánó G. Formation of Large Hypericin Aggregates in Giant Unilamellar Vesicles-Experiments and Modeling. Biophys J 2017; 112:966-975. [PMID: 28297655 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of hypericin (Hyp) from aqueous solutions into giant unilamellar vesicle (GUV) membranes has been studied experimentally and by means of kinetic Monte Carlo modeling. The time evolution of Hyp fluorescence originating from Hyp monomers dissolved in the GUV membrane has been recorded by confocal microscopy and while trapping individual GUVs in optical tweezers. It was shown that after reaching a maximum, the fluorescence intensity gradually decreased toward longer times. Formation of oversized Hyp clusters has been observed on the GUV surface at prolonged time. A simplified kinetic Monte Carlo model is presented to follow the aggregation/dissociation processes of Hyp molecules in the membrane. The simulation results reproduced the basic experimental observations: the scaling of the characteristic fluorescence decay time with the vesicle diameter and the buildup of large Hyp clusters in the GUV membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslava Joniova
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia; Laboratory of Organometallic and Medicinal Chemistry, ISIC, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matúš Rebič
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Alena Strejčková
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Huntosova
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Staničová
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Daniel Jancura
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia; Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Miskovsky
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia; Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Gregor Bánó
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia; Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia.
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91
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Mühleisen L, Alev M, Unterweger H, Subatzus D, Pöttler M, Friedrich RP, Alexiou C, Janko C. Analysis of Hypericin-Mediated Effects and Implications for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1388. [PMID: 28661430 PMCID: PMC5535881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The phototoxic effect of hypericin can be utilized for Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) of cancer. After intravenous application and systemic distribution of the drug in the patient's body, the tumor site is exposed to light. Subsequently, toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated, inducing tumor cell death. To prevent unwanted activation of the drug in other regions of the body, patients have to avoid light during and after the treatment cycles, consequently impairing quality of life. Here, we characterize toxicity and hypericin-mediated effects on cancer cells in vitro and confirm that its effect clearly depends on concentration and illumination time. To reduce side effects and to increase therapy success, selective accumulation of hypericin in the tumor region is a promising solution. Loading hypericin on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and guiding them to the desired place using an external magnetic field might accomplish this task (referred to as Magnetic Drug Targeting (MDT)). Thus, using a double targeting strategy, namely magnetic accumulation and laser induced photoactivation, might improve treatment effectivity as well as specificity and reduce toxic side effects in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mühleisen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Magdalena Alev
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Harald Unterweger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Daniel Subatzus
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Marina Pöttler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Ralf P Friedrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Christina Janko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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Synergism between PKCδ regulators hypericin and rottlerin enhances apoptosis in U87 MG glioma cells after light stimulation. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 18:267-274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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93
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Keša P, Antalík M. Determination of p K a constants of hypericin in aqueous solution of the anti-allergic hydrotropic drug Cromolyn disodium salt. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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94
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Galeotti N. Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) beyond depression: A therapeutic perspective for pain conditions. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 200:136-146. [PMID: 28216196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae), popularly called St. John's wort (SJW), has a rich historical background being one of the oldest used and most extensively investigated medicinal herbs. Many bioactivities and applications of SJW are listed in popular and in scientific literature, including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory. In the last three decades many studies focused on the antidepressant activity of SJW extracts. However, several studies in recent years also described the antinociceptive and analgesic properties of SJW that validate the traditional uses of the plant in pain conditions. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review provides up-to-date information on the traditional uses, pre-clinical and clinical evidence on the pain relieving activity of SJW and its active ingredients, and focuses on the possible exploitation of this plant for the management of pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS Historical ethnobotanical publications from 1597 were reviewed for finding local and traditional uses. The relevant data on the preclinical and clinical effects of SJW were searched using various databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Plant taxonomy was validated by the database Plantlist.org. RESULTS Preclinical animal studies demonstrated the ability of low doses of SJW dry extracts (0.3% hypericins; 3-5% hyperforins) to induce antinociception, to relieve from acute and chronic hyperalgesic states and to augment opioid analgesia. Clinical studies (homeopathic remedies, dry extracts) highlighted dental pain conditions as a promising SJW application. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that the main components responsible for the pain relieving activity are hyperforin and hypericin. SJW analgesia appears at low doses (5-100mg/kg), minimizing the risk of herbal-drug interactions produced by hyperforin, a potent inducer of CYP enzymes. CONCLUSION Preclinical studies indicate a potential use of SJW in medical pain management. However, clinical research in this field is still scarce and the few studies available on chronic pain produced negative results. Prospective randomized controlled clinical trials performed at low doses are needed to validate its potential efficacy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Galeotti
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy.
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95
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Misuth M, Joniova J, Horvath D, Dzurova L, Nichtova Z, Novotova M, Miskovsky P, Stroffekova K, Huntosova V. The flashlights on a distinct role of protein kinase C δ: Phosphorylation of regulatory and catalytic domain upon oxidative stress in glioma cells. Cell Signal 2017; 34:11-22. [PMID: 28237688 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme are considered to be aggressive high-grade tumors with poor prognosis for patient survival. Photodynamic therapy is one of the adjuvant therapies which has been used for glioblastoma multiforme during last decade. Hypericin, a photosensitizer, can be employed in this treatment. We have studied the effect of hypericin on PKCδ phosphorylation in U87 MG cells before and after light application. Hypericin increased PKCδ phosphorylation at tyrosine 155 in the regulatory domain and serine 645 in the catalytic domain. However, use of the light resulted in apoptosis, decreased phosphorylation of tyrosine 155 and enhanced serine 645. The PKCδ localization and phosphorylation of regulatory and catalytic domains were shown to play a distinct role in the anti-apoptotic response of glioma cells. We hypothesized that PKCδ phosphorylated at the regulatory domain is primarily present in the cytoplasm and in mitochondria before irradiation, and it may participate in Bcl-2 phosphorylation. After hypericin and light application, PKCδ phosphorylated at a regulatory domain which is in the nucleus. In contrast, PKCδ phosphorylated at the catalytic domain may be mostly active in the nucleus before irradiation, but active in the cytoplasm after the irradiation. In summary, light-induced oxidative stress significantly regulates PKCδ pro-survival and pro-apoptotic activity in glioma cells by its phosphorylation at serine 645 and tyrosine 155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matus Misuth
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Jaroslava Joniova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Denis Horvath
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Dzurova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Nichtova
- Department of Muscle Cell Research, Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marta Novotova
- Department of Muscle Cell Research, Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Miskovsky
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54, Kosice, Slovakia; SAFTRA Photonics Ltd., Jesenna 5, 041 54, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Katarina Stroffekova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54, Kosice, Slovakia; Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Huntosova
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54, Kosice, Slovakia.
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Pietrzak M, Szabelski M, Kasparek A, Wieczorek Z. Interactions of hypericin with a model mutagen – Acridine orange analyzed by light absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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97
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Gattuso H, Marazzi M, Dehez F, Monari A. Deciphering the photosensitization mechanisms of hypericin towards biological membranes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:23187-23193. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03723f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Molecular modeling and simulation allow unravelling the molecular basis of the photosensitization of biological membranes by the hypericin drug used in photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Gattuso
- Université de Lorraine – Nancy, Theory-Modeling-Simulations SRSMC Boulevard des Aiguillettes Vandeouvre-lès-Nancy
- France
- CNRS
- Theory-Modeling-Simulations SRSMC Boulevard des Aiguillettes Vandeouvre-lès-Nancy
- France
| | - Marco Marazzi
- Université de Lorraine – Nancy, Theory-Modeling-Simulations SRSMC Boulevard des Aiguillettes Vandeouvre-lès-Nancy
- France
- CNRS
- Theory-Modeling-Simulations SRSMC Boulevard des Aiguillettes Vandeouvre-lès-Nancy
- France
| | - François Dehez
- Université de Lorraine – Nancy, Theory-Modeling-Simulations SRSMC Boulevard des Aiguillettes Vandeouvre-lès-Nancy
- France
- CNRS
- Theory-Modeling-Simulations SRSMC Boulevard des Aiguillettes Vandeouvre-lès-Nancy
- France
| | - Antonio Monari
- Université de Lorraine – Nancy, Theory-Modeling-Simulations SRSMC Boulevard des Aiguillettes Vandeouvre-lès-Nancy
- France
- CNRS
- Theory-Modeling-Simulations SRSMC Boulevard des Aiguillettes Vandeouvre-lès-Nancy
- France
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98
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Khalid EB, Ayman EMEK, Rahman H, Abdelkarim G, Najda A. Natural products against cancer angiogenesis. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:14513-14536. [PMID: 27651162 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of angiogenesis is quite well-known nowadays. Some medicines and extracts affecting this process are already used routinely in supporting the conventional treatment of many diseases that are considered angiogenic such as cancer. However, we must be aware that the area of currently used drugs of this type is much narrower than the theoretical possibilities existing in therapeutic angiogenesis. Plant substances are a large and diverse group of compounds that are found naturally in fruits, vegetables, spices, and medicinal plants. They also have different anticancer properties. The aim of this literature review article is to present the current state of knowledge concerning the molecular targets of tumor angiogenesis and the active substances (polyphenols, alkaloids, phytohormones, carbohydrates, and terpenes) derived from natural sources, whose activity against cancer angiogenesis has been confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- El Bairi Khalid
- Independent Research Team in Cancer Biology and Bioactive Compounds, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed 1st, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - El-Meghawry El-Kenawy Ayman
- Department of Molecular Biology GEBRI, University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heshu Rahman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Komar University of Science and Technology, ChaqChaq, Qularasy, Sulaimani City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Guaadaoui Abdelkarim
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology (LGB), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed 1st University (UMP), Oujda, Morocco
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Quality Laboratory of Vegetable and Medicinal Materials, Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Leszczyńskiego Street 58, 20-068, Lublin, Poland
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99
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Bhatta AK, Keyal U, Wang XL. Photodynamic therapy for onychomycosis: A systematic review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 15:228-35. [PMID: 27477248 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Other than a cosmetic concern, Onychomycosis is also a prevalent nail disease, which is extremely difficult to treat, and sometimes is refractory to conventional therapy. Moreover, many patients are not eligible to take oral antifungals owing to polypharmacy and comorbidities. Systemic side effects seen with oral antifungals have lead to patient nonadherence and adverse events. Therefore, newer therapies are being investigated for onychomycosis that would be free of systemic complications posed by oral therapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of those being currently studied, which involves the use of photosensitizer and a light source to excite the photosensitizer to generate reactive oxygen species. The present review will put some light on PDT as an upcoming treatment modality for onychomycosis. We performed a systematic review of the literature to find the articles relevant to the use of PDT for onychomycosis. From the primary search of 43 articles, 17 papers are included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Bhatta
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Uma Keyal
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu Li Wang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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100
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Soták M, Czeranková O, Klein D, Jurčacková Z, Li L, Čellárová E. Comparative Transcriptome Reconstruction of Four Hypericum Species Focused on Hypericin Biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1039. [PMID: 27468294 PMCID: PMC4942478 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Next generation sequencing technology rapidly developed research applications in the field of plant functional genomics. Several Hypericum spp. with an aim to generate and enhance gene annotations especially for genes coding the enzymes supposedly included in biosynthesis of valuable bioactive compounds were analyzed. The first de novo transcriptome profiling of Hypericum annulatum Moris, H. tomentosum L., H. kalmianum L., and H. androsaemum L. leaves cultivated in vitro was accomplished. All four species with only limited genomic information were selected on the basis of differences in ability to synthesize hypericins and presence of dark nodules accumulating these metabolites with purpose to enrich genomic background of Hypericum spp. H. annulatum was chosen because of high number of the dark nodules and high content of hypericin. H. tomentosum leaves are typical for the presence of only 1-2 dark nodules localized in the apical part. Both H. kalmianum and H. androsaemum lack hypericin and have no dark nodules. Four separated datasets of the pair-end reads were gathered and used for de novo assembly by Trinity program. Assembled transcriptomes were annotated to the public databases Swiss-Prot and non-redundant protein database (NCBI-nr). Gene ontology analysis was performed. Differences of expression levels in the marginal tissues with dark nodules and inner part of leaves lacking these nodules indicate a potential genetic background for hypericin formation as the presumed site of hypericin biosynthesis is in the cells adjacent to these structures. Altogether 165 contigs in H. annulatum and 100 contigs in H. tomentosum were detected as significantly differentially expressed (P < 0.05) and upregulated in the leaf rim tissues containing the dark nodules. The new sequences homologous to octaketide synthase and enzymes catalyzing phenolic oxidative coupling reactions indispensable for hypericin biosynthesis were discovered. The presented transcriptomic sequence data will improve current knowledge about the selected Hypericum spp. with proposed relation to hypericin biosynthesis and will provide a useful resource of genomic information for consequential studies in the field of functional genomics, proteomics and metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Soták
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik UniversityKošice, Slovakia
| | - Odeta Czeranková
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik UniversityKošice, Slovakia
| | - Daniel Klein
- Institute of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik UniversityKošice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Jurčacková
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik UniversityKošice, Slovakia
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, AmesIA, USA
- Center for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, AmesIA, USA
| | - Eva Čellárová
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik UniversityKošice, Slovakia
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