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A rare case of tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome: Answers. Pediatr Nephrol 2020; 35:2269-2274. [PMID: 32440946 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-020-04590-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Dheerasekara K, Sumathipala S, Muthugala R. Hantavirus Infections-Treatment and Prevention. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020; 12:410-421. [PMID: 33144850 PMCID: PMC7594967 DOI: 10.1007/s40506-020-00236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review Hantavirus infection is an emerging zoonosis and there are two main clinical presentations, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Although Hantavirus infections have a worldwide distribution with a high mortality rate, a safe and effective vaccine or an antiviral drug against the Hantavirus disease is yet to be available. This review summarizes all the efforts undertaken to develop medical countermeasures in vitro, in vivo, and human clinical trials against Hantavirus infections. Recent findings Multiple antivirals are shown to be effective with limited evidence and recent studies on immunotherapy were not very conclusive. There are multiple vaccine candidates with evidence of conferring long protective immunity against Hantaviruses. Some of these had been already trialed on humans. Summary At present, severe HPS or HFRS case management is purely based on supportive treatments, often in an intensive care unit. Rodent control and public health education and promotion play a major role in preventing Hantavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saranga Sumathipala
- Department of Virology, Teaching Hospital Anuradhapura, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
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Hamroun A, Fages V, Julien B, Lenain R, Frimat M. A challenging case of pneumo-renal syndrome (Nephrology Zebras). J Nephrol 2020; 34:269-271. [PMID: 33098522 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-020-00889-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aghilès Hamroun
- Nephrology Transplantation and Dialysis Department, University of Lille, CHRU Lille, Rue Michel Polonovski, 59000, Lille, France. .,INSERM U1018, CESP, Clinical Epidemiology Team, Villejuif, France.
| | - Victor Fages
- Nephrology Transplantation and Dialysis Department, University of Lille, CHRU Lille, Rue Michel Polonovski, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Bouleau Julien
- Ophthalmology Department, University of Lille, CHRU Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Rémi Lenain
- Nephrology Transplantation and Dialysis Department, University of Lille, CHRU Lille, Rue Michel Polonovski, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Marie Frimat
- Nephrology Transplantation and Dialysis Department, University of Lille, CHRU Lille, Rue Michel Polonovski, 59000, Lille, France.,U995-Lille Inflammation Research International Center, INSERM, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
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Grzybek M, Tołkacz K, Sironen T, Mäki S, Alsarraf M, Behnke-Borowczyk J, Biernat B, Nowicka J, Vaheri A, Henttonen H, Behnke JM, Bajer A. Zoonotic Viruses in Three Species of Voles from Poland. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10101820. [PMID: 33036253 PMCID: PMC7599905 DOI: 10.3390/ani10101820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Wild rodents constitute a significant threat to public health. We tested 77 voles from northeastern Poland for the presence of antibodies to hantaviruses, arenaviruses and cowpox viruses. We report 18.2% overall seroprevalence of zoonotic viruses. Our results contribute to knowledge about the role of Polish voles as possible reservoirs of viral infections. Abstract Rodents are known to be reservoir hosts for a plethora of zoonotic viruses and therefore play a significant role in the dissemination of these pathogens. We trapped three vole species (Microtus arvalis, Alexandromys oeconomus and Microtus agrestis) in northeastern Poland, all of which are widely distributed species in Europe. Using immunofluorescence assays, we assessed serum samples for the presence of antibodies to hantaviruses, arenaviruses and cowpox viruses (CPXV). We detected antibodies against CPXV and Puumala hantavirus (PUUV), the overall seroprevalence of combined viral infections being 18.2% [10.5–29.3] and mostly attributed to CPXV. We detected only one PUUV/TULV cross-reaction in Microtus arvalis (1.3% [0.1–7.9]), but found similar levels of antibodies against CPXV in all three vole species. There were no significant differences in seroprevalence of CPXV among host species and age categories, nor between the sexes. These results contribute to our understanding of the distribution and abundance of CPXV in voles in Europe, and confirm that CPXV circulates also in Microtus and Alexandromys voles in northeastern Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Grzybek
- Department of Tropical Parasitology, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Powstania Styczniowego 9B, 81-519 Gdynia, Poland; (B.B.); (J.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-3491941
| | - Katarzyna Tołkacz
- Department of Eco-Epidemiology for Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Str, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.T.); (M.A.); (A.B.)
- Department of Antarctic Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5A Pawińskiego Str, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tarja Sironen
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (T.S.); (S.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Sanna Mäki
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (T.S.); (S.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Mohammed Alsarraf
- Department of Eco-Epidemiology for Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Str, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.T.); (M.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Jolanta Behnke-Borowczyk
- Department of Forest Pathology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71c, 60-625 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Beata Biernat
- Department of Tropical Parasitology, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Powstania Styczniowego 9B, 81-519 Gdynia, Poland; (B.B.); (J.N.)
| | - Joanna Nowicka
- Department of Tropical Parasitology, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Powstania Styczniowego 9B, 81-519 Gdynia, Poland; (B.B.); (J.N.)
| | - Antti Vaheri
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (T.S.); (S.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Heikki Henttonen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Jerzy M. Behnke
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Anna Bajer
- Department of Eco-Epidemiology for Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Str, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.T.); (M.A.); (A.B.)
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Madrières S, Tatard C, Murri S, Vulin J, Galan M, Piry S, Pulido C, Loiseau A, Artige E, Benoit L, Leménager N, Lakhdar L, Charbonnel N, Marianneau P, Castel G. How Bank Vole-PUUV Interactions Influence the Eco-Evolutionary Processes Driving Nephropathia Epidemica Epidemiology-An Experimental and Genomic Approach. Pathogens 2020; 9:E789. [PMID: 32993044 PMCID: PMC7599775 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In Europe, Puumala virus (PUUV) is responsible for nephropathia epidemica (NE), a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Despite the presence of its reservoir, the bank vole, on most of French territory, the geographic distribution of NE cases is heterogeneous and NE endemic and non-endemic areas have been reported. In this study we analyzed whether bank vole-PUUV interactions could partly shape these epidemiological differences. We performed crossed-experimental infections using wild bank voles from French endemic (Ardennes) and non-endemic (Loiret) areas and two French PUUV strains isolated from these areas. The serological response and dynamics of PUUV infection were compared between the four cross-infection combinations. Due to logistical constraints, this study was based on a small number of animals. Based on this experimental design, we saw a stronger serological response and presence of PUUV in excretory organs (bladder) in bank voles infected with the PUUV endemic strain. Moreover, the within-host viral diversity in excretory organs seemed to be higher than in other non-excretory organs for the NE endemic cross-infection but not for the NE non-endemic cross-infection. Despite the small number of rodents included, our results showed that genetically different PUUV strains and in a lesser extent their interaction with sympatric bank voles, could affect virus replication and diversity. This could impact PUUV excretion/transmission between rodents and to humans and in turn at least partly shape NE epidemiology in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Madrières
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (S.M.); (C.T.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.L.); (E.A.); (L.B.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Caroline Tatard
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (S.M.); (C.T.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.L.); (E.A.); (L.B.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Séverine Murri
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Johann Vulin
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Maxime Galan
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (S.M.); (C.T.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.L.); (E.A.); (L.B.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Sylvain Piry
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (S.M.); (C.T.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.L.); (E.A.); (L.B.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Coralie Pulido
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Plateforme d’Expérimentation Animale, 69007 Lyon, France; (C.P.); (L.L.)
| | - Anne Loiseau
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (S.M.); (C.T.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.L.); (E.A.); (L.B.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Emmanuelle Artige
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (S.M.); (C.T.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.L.); (E.A.); (L.B.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Laure Benoit
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (S.M.); (C.T.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.L.); (E.A.); (L.B.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Nicolas Leménager
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (S.M.); (C.T.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.L.); (E.A.); (L.B.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Latifa Lakhdar
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Plateforme d’Expérimentation Animale, 69007 Lyon, France; (C.P.); (L.L.)
| | - Nathalie Charbonnel
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (S.M.); (C.T.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.L.); (E.A.); (L.B.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Philippe Marianneau
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Guillaume Castel
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (S.M.); (C.T.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (A.L.); (E.A.); (L.B.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
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Abstract
Purpose: To describe early chest imaging abnormalities in patients with acute Puumala virus infection. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study (2005–2017) comprised 64 patients who were admitted to the emergency department of a Belgian hospital. These patients were diagnosed with serologically confirmed acute Puumala virus infection and had at least one chest X-ray (CRX). Imaging studies were evaluated by two experienced chest radiologists reaching agreement by consensus, and abnormalities were reported according to the Fleischner Society glossary of terms for thoracic imaging. When a patient underwent multiple CRX, only the findings of the first were recorded. Six patients underwent chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Results: CRX showed abnormal findings in 33 patients (51.5%). Most common findings were linear atelectasis (29.7%) and small pleural effusion (20.3%). HRCT showed interlobular septal thickening in four patients and crazy-paving pattern with consolidations in one patient with adult respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusions: Early CRX commonly showed linear atelectasis and small pleural effusion in Puumala virus infected patients above 30 years of age. Chest HRCT most frequently showed atelectasis and smooth interlobular septal thickening. While uncommon, early and severe pulmonary involvement can be associated with Puumala virus infection, albeit these findings are not specific.
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Murri S, Madrières S, Tatard C, Piry S, Benoit L, Loiseau A, Pradel J, Artige E, Audiot P, Leménager N, Lacôte S, Vulin J, Charbonnel N, Marianneau P, Castel G. Detection and Genetic Characterization of Puumala Orthohantavirus S-Segment in Areas of France Non-Endemic for Nephropathia Epidemica. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9090721. [PMID: 32882953 PMCID: PMC7559001 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9090721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Puumala virus (PUUV) in Europe causes nephropathia epidemica (NE), a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The incidence of NE is highly heterogeneous spatially, whereas the geographic distribution of the wild reservoir of PUUV, the bank vole, is essentially homogeneous. Our understanding of the processes driving this heterogeneity remains incomplete due to gaps in knowledge. Little is known about the current distribution and genetic variation of PUUV in the areas outside the well-identified zones of NE endemicity. We trapped bank voles in four forests in French regions in which NE is considered non-endemic, but sporadic NE cases have been reported recently. We tested bank voles for anti-PUUV IgG and characterized the S segment sequences of PUUV from seropositive animals. Phylogenetic analyses revealed specific amino-acid signatures and genetic differences between PUUV circulating in non-endemic and nearby NE-endemic areas. We also showed, in temporal surveys, that the amino-acid sequences of PUUV had undergone fewer recent changes in areas non-endemic for NE than in endemic areas. The evolutionary history of the current French PUUV clusters was investigated by phylogeographic approaches, and the results were considered in the context of the history of French forests. Our findings highlight the need to monitor the circulation and genetics of PUUV in a larger array of bank vole populations, to improve our understanding of the risk of NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Murri
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (S.L.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Sarah Madrières
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (S.L.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Caroline Tatard
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Sylvain Piry
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Laure Benoit
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Anne Loiseau
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Julien Pradel
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Emmanuelle Artige
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Philippe Audiot
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Nicolas Leménager
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Sandra Lacôte
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (S.L.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Johann Vulin
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (S.L.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Nathalie Charbonnel
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Philippe Marianneau
- ANSES—Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Virologie, 69007 Lyon, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (S.L.); (J.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Guillaume Castel
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; (C.T.); (S.P.); (L.B.); (A.L.); (J.P.); (E.A.); (P.A.); (N.L.); (N.C.)
- Correspondence:
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D'Souza MH, Patel TR. Biodefense Implications of New-World Hantaviruses. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:925. [PMID: 32850756 PMCID: PMC7426369 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses, part of the Bunyaviridae family, are a genus of negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses that cause two major diseases: New-World Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome and Old-World Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome. Hantaviruses generally are found worldwide with each disease corresponding to their respective hemispheres. New-World Hantaviruses spread by specific rodent-host reservoirs and are categorized as emerging viruses that pose a threat to global health and security due to their high mortality rate and ease of transmission. Incidentally, reports of Hantavirus categorization as a bioweapon are often contradicted as both US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention refer to them as Category A and C bioagents respectively, each retaining qualitative levels of importance and severity. Concerns of Hantavirus being engineered into a novel bioagent has been thwarted by Hantaviruses being difficult to culture, isolate, and purify limiting its ability to be weaponized. However, the natural properties of Hantaviruses pose a threat that can be exploited by conventional and unconventional forces. This review seeks to clarify the categorization of Hantaviruses as a bioweapon, whilst defining the practicality of employing New-World Hantaviruses and their effect on armies, infrastructure, and civilian targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hilary D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Trushar R Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology and Discovery Lab, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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59
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Abstract
Puumala virus (PUUV) is the most common hantavirus in Europe. It is known to cause nephropathia epidemica, which is considered a mild type of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. However, it does not only involve the kidneys and is rarely accompanied by symptomatic hemorrhage. We review the imaging abnormalities caused by PUUV infection, from head to pelvis, emphasizing the broad spectrum of possible findings and bringing further support to a previously suggested denomination "Hantavirus disease" that would encompass all clinical manifestations. Although non-specific, knowledge of radiological appearances is useful to support clinically suspected PUUV infection, before confirmation by serology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Lebecque
- Department of Radiology, Université catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Michaël Dupont
- Department of Radiology, Université catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
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60
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Spatial and Temporal Evolutionary Patterns in Puumala Orthohantavirus (PUUV) S Segment. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9070548. [PMID: 32650456 PMCID: PMC7400055 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9070548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The S segment of bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus)-associated Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) contains two overlapping open reading frames coding for the nucleocapsid (N) and a non-structural (NSs) protein. To identify the influence of bank vole population dynamics on PUUV S segment sequence evolution and test for spillover infections in sympatric rodent species, during 2010–2014, 883 bank voles, 357 yellow-necked mice (Apodemus flavicollis), 62 wood mice (A. sylvaticus), 149 common voles (Microtus arvalis) and 8 field voles (M. agrestis) were collected in Baden-Wuerttemberg and North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. In total, 27.9% and 22.3% of bank voles were positive for PUUV-reactive antibodies and PUUV-specific RNA, respectively. One of eight field voles was PUUV RNA-positive, indicating a spillover infection, but none of the other species showed evidence of PUUV infection. Phylogenetic and isolation-by-distance analyses demonstrated a spatial clustering of PUUV S segment sequences. In the hantavirus outbreak years 2010 and 2012, PUUV RNA prevalence was higher in our study regions compared to non-outbreak years 2011, 2013 and 2014. NSs amino acid and nucleotide sequence types showed temporal and/or local variation, whereas the N protein was highly conserved in the NSs overlapping region and, to a lower rate, in the N alone coding part.
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Prevalence of the Puumala orthohantavirus Strains in the Pre-Kama Area of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9070540. [PMID: 32640614 PMCID: PMC7400482 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9070540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) causes nephropathia epidemica (NE), a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) commonly diagnosed in Europe. The majority of HFRS cases in the European part of Russia are diagnosed in the Volga Federal District, which includes the Republic of Tatarstan (RT). The current study aims to analyze the genetic variability of PUUV in Pre-Kama region of the RT bounded by the Volga, Kama, and Vyatka rivers. In 2017, bank voles were caught in seven isolated forest traps in the Pre-Kama region and for the 26 PUUV-positive samples, the partial small (S), medium (M), and large (L) genome segment sequences were obtained and analyzed. It was determined that all identified PUUV strains belong to the Russian (RUS) genetic lineage; however, the genetic distance between strains is not directly correlated with the geographical distance between bank vole populations. One of the identified strains has S and L segments produced from one parental strain, while the M segment was supplied by another, suggesting that this strain could be the reassortant. We suggest that the revealed pattern of the PUUV strains distribution could be the result of a series of successive multidirectional migratory flows of the bank voles to the Pre-Kama region in the postglacial period.
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62
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Fevola C, Rossi C, Rosso F, Girardi M, Rosà R, Manica M, Delucchi L, Rocchini D, Garzon-Lopez CX, Arnoldi D, Bianchi A, Buzan E, Charbonnel N, Collini M, Ďureje L, Ecke F, Ferrari N, Fischer S, Gillingham EL, Hörnfeldt B, Kazimírová M, Konečný A, Maas M, Magnusson M, Miller A, Niemimaa J, Nordström Å, Obiegala A, Olsson G, Pedrini P, Piálek J, Reusken CB, Rizzolli F, Romeo C, Silaghi C, Sironen T, Stanko M, Tagliapietra V, Ulrich RG, Vapalahti O, Voutilainen L, Wauters L, Rizzoli A, Vaheri A, Jääskeläinen AJ, Henttonen H, Hauffe HC. Geographical Distribution of Ljungan Virus in Small Mammals in Europe. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2020; 20:692-702. [PMID: 32487013 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2019.2542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ljungan virus (LV), which belongs to the Parechovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family, was first isolated from bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in Sweden in 1998 and proposed as a zoonotic agent. To improve knowledge of the host association and geographical distribution of LV, tissues from 1685 animals belonging to multiple rodent and insectivore species from 12 European countries were screened for LV-RNA using reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. In addition, we investigated how the prevalence of LV-RNA in bank voles is associated with various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. We show that LV is widespread geographically, having been detected in at least one host species in nine European countries. Twelve out of 21 species screened were LV-RNA PCR positive, including, for the first time, the red vole (Myodes rutilus) and the root or tundra vole (Alexandromys formerly Microtus oeconomus), as well as in insectivores, including the bicolored white-toothed shrew (Crocidura leucodon) and the Valais shrew (Sorex antinorii). Results indicated that bank voles are the main rodent host for this virus (overall RT-PCR prevalence: 15.2%). Linear modeling of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that could impact LV prevalence showed a concave-down relationship between body mass and LV occurrence, so that subadults had the highest LV positivity, but LV in older animals was less prevalent. Also, LV prevalence was higher in autumn and lower in spring, and the amount of precipitation recorded during the 6 months preceding the trapping date was negatively correlated with the presence of the virus. Phylogenetic analysis on the 185 base pair species-specific sequence of the 5' untranslated region identified high genetic diversity (46.5%) between 80 haplotypes, although no geographical or host-specific patterns of diversity were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Fevola
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Chiara Rossi
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Fausta Rosso
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Matteo Girardi
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Roberto Rosà
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Center for Agriculture Food Environment-C3A, University of Trento and Fondazione E. Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Mattia Manica
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Luca Delucchi
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Duccio Rocchini
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Center for Agriculture Food Environment-C3A, University of Trento and Fondazione E. Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, Povo, Italy
| | - Carol X Garzon-Lopez
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Ecology and Vegetation Physiology Group (EcoFiv), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniele Arnoldi
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bianchi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e Dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini," Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Buzan
- Department of Biodiversity, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Nathalie Charbonnel
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Margherita Collini
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - L'udovít Ďureje
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Studenec, Czech Republic
| | - Frauke Ecke
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nicola Ferrari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefan Fischer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Emma L Gillingham
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,Department of Medical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology, Emergency Response Department, Public Health England, Salisbury, United Kingdom.,Department of Climate Change and Health, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
| | - Birger Hörnfeldt
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mária Kazimírová
- Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Institute of Zoology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Adam Konečný
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miriam Maas
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Magnus Magnusson
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andrea Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Section for Parasitology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department for Terrestrial Ecology, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jukka Niemimaa
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Åke Nordström
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Obiegala
- Comparative Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gert Olsson
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Paolo Pedrini
- Sezione Zoologia dei Vertebrati, MUSE-Museo delle Scienze, Trento, Italy
| | - Jaroslav Piálek
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Studenec, Czech Republic
| | - Chantal B Reusken
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.,Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Franco Rizzolli
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Claudia Romeo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cornelia Silaghi
- Comparative Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Infectology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Tarja Sironen
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michal Stanko
- Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Institute of Zoology, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Institute of Parasitology, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Valentina Tagliapietra
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Rainer G Ulrich
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- Department of Virology and Immunology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Lucas Wauters
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Annapaola Rizzoli
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Antti Vaheri
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne J Jääskeläinen
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Virology and Immunology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Heidi C Hauffe
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
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Bakelants E, Peetermans W, Lagrou K, Meersseman W. Clinical and biochemical differences between hantavirus infection and leptospirosis: a retrospective analysis of a patient series in Belgium. Acta Clin Belg 2020; 75:185-192. [PMID: 30882283 DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2019.1591654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Hantavirus infection and leptospirosis are infectious diseases transmitted by rodents. The clinical picture is nonspecific, often involving the kidneys but other organs can be affected too. Clinical and biochemical clues to make a difference between these two entities will be described.Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on a database of patients presenting between January 2012 and September 2017 at the emergency department of the university hospital Leuven, Belgium. Patients were selected on the basis of a compatible clinical picture, biochemistry, and microbiological evidence. Presenting complaints and clinical examination were compared. Blood, taken at presentation, was used for hematological and biochemical analysis.Results: Sixteen patients with hantavirus infection and eight patients with leptospirosis were identified. All patients complained about general malaise and fever. Other frequent complaints were myalgia and a headache. Patients with leptospirosis often experienced photo- or sonophobia.Looking for neck stiffness and eye lesions might help to diagnose leptospirosis.Differences in biochemistry between viral and bacterial disease could be recognized; high C-reactive protein (CRP) and leukocytosis with left shift favor leptospirosis, elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) favors viral infection. Abnormal liver function with raised total bilirubin is often seen in cases with leptospirosis.Conclusion: This study demonstrates some subtle clues that may help to differentiate between hantavirus infection and leptospirosis in patients presenting to a hospital in a nonendemic region of the world. Because of small number of patients, we could not identify significant clinical or biochemical tests. Serology remains the gold standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Bakelants
- Department of General Internal Medicine, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Willy Peetermans
- Department of General Internal Medicine, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Lagrou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wouter Meersseman
- Department of General Internal Medicine, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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64
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Polat C, Ergin Ç, Akkaya Y, Ali Oktem IM. Investigation of Orthohantavirus Seroprevalence in Northern Rural Areas of Denizli Province, Turkey. Jpn J Infect Dis 2020; 73:201-204. [PMID: 31875606 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2019.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses infect humans via inhalation of the viral particles in the excreta of infected rodents or direct contact with infected rodents. The infections caused by Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) and Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus (DOBV) have been reported in Turkey. Serum samples of 346 healthy volunteers who are in the high-risk group of Orthohantavirus infections among the residents of Çal, Baklan, Çivril, and Bekilli counties, located in the northeast part of Denizli province, were used in this study. The samples were screened and confirmed using commercial ELISA and immunoblot tests, which detect IgG antibodies against DOBV, PUUV, and Hantaan orthohantavirus. IgG antibodies against PUUV were detected in the samples of 2 volunteers (2/346, 0.6%). One was a veterinarian and the other a farmer and they live in the Baklan and Çal counties, respectively. Both of them have a high probability of exposure to the virus, based on their occupation and living conditions. However, no symptoms were found in the clinical findings of both cases. This study is the first publication of reported PUUV seropositivities from the southwestern part of Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceylan Polat
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University
| | - Çağrı Ergin
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University
| | - Yüksel Akkaya
- Public Health Laboratory, Denizli Public Health Directorate, Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health
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65
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Orthohantavirus Isolated in Reservoir Host Cells Displays Minimal Genetic Changes and Retains Wild-Type Infection Properties. Viruses 2020; 12:v12040457. [PMID: 32316667 PMCID: PMC7232471 DOI: 10.3390/v12040457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses are globally emerging zoonotic pathogens. While the reservoir host role of several rodent species is well-established, detailed research on the mechanisms of host-othohantavirus interactions has been constrained by the lack of an experimental system that is able to effectively replicate natural infections in controlled settings. Here we report the isolation, and genetic and phenotypic characterization of a novel Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) in cells derived from its reservoir host, the bank vole. The isolation process resulted in cell culture infection that evaded antiviral responses, persisted cell passaging, and had minor viral genome alterations. Critically, experimental infections of bank voles with the new isolate resembled natural infections in terms of viral load and host cell distribution. When compared to an attenuated Vero E6 cell-adapted PUUV Kazan strain, the novel isolate demonstrated delayed virus-specific humoral responses. A lack of virus-specific antibodies was also observed during experimental infections with wild-type PUUV, suggesting that delayed seroconversion could be a general phenomenon during orthohantavirus infection in reservoir hosts. Our results demonstrate that orthohantavirus isolation on cells derived from a vole reservoir host retains wild-type infection properties and should be considered the method of choice for experimental infection models to replicate natural processes.
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66
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Meeting report: Eleventh International Conference on Hantaviruses. Antiviral Res 2020; 176:104733. [PMID: 32068071 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The 2019 11th International Conference on Hantaviruses (ICH 2019) was organized by the International Society for Hantaviruses (ISH), and held on September 1-4, 2019, at the Irish College, in Leuven, Belgium. These ICHs have been held every three years since 1989. ICH 2019 was attended by 158 participants from 33 countries. The current report summarizes research presented on all aspects of hantavirology: ecology; pathogenesis and immune responses; virus phylogeny, replication and morphogenesis; epidemiology; vaccines, therapeutics and prevention; and clinical aspects and diagnosis.
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67
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Solà-Riera C, García M, Ljunggren HG, Klingström J. Hantavirus inhibits apoptosis by preventing mitochondrial membrane potential loss through up-regulation of the pro-survival factor BCL-2. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008297. [PMID: 32032391 PMCID: PMC7032725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses, zoonotic RNA viruses belonging to the order Bunyavirales, cause two severe acute diseases in humans, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Hantavirus-infected patients show strong cytotoxic lymphocyte responses and hyperinflammation; however, infected cells remain mostly intact. Hantaviruses were recently shown to inhibit apoptosis in infected cells. By inhibiting granzyme B- and TRAIL-mediated apoptosis, hantaviruses specifically and efficiently inhibit cytotoxic lymphocyte-mediated killing of infected cells. Hantaviruses also strongly inhibit apoptosis triggered intrinsically; i.e., initiated through intracellular activation pathways different from those used by cytotoxic lymphocytes. However, insights into the latter mechanisms are currently largely unknown. Here, we dissected the mechanism behind how hantavirus infection, represented by the HFRS-causing Hantaan virus and the HPS-causing Andes virus, results in resistance to staurosporine-induced apoptosis. Less active caspase-8 and caspase-9, and consequently less active caspase-3, was observed in infected compared to uninfected staurosporine-exposed cells. While staurosporine-exposed uninfected cells showed massive release of pro-apoptotic cytochrome C into the cytosol, this was not observed in infected cells. Further, hantaviruses prevented activation of BAX and mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP). In parallel, a significant increase in levels of the pro-survival factor BCL-2 was observed in hantavirus-infected cells. Importantly, direct inhibition of BCL-2 by the inhibitor ABT-737, as well as silencing of BCL-2 by siRNA, resulted in apoptosis in staurosporine-exposed hantavirus-infected cells. Overall, we here provide a tentative mechanism by which hantaviruses protect infected cells from intrinsic apoptosis at the mitochondrial level by inducing an increased expression of the pro-survival factor BCL-2, thereby preventing MOMPs and subsequent activation of caspases. The variety of mechanisms used by hantaviruses to ensure survival of infected cells likely contribute to the persistent infection in natural hosts and may play a role in immunopathogenesis of HFRS and HPS in humans. Hantaviruses cause two severe, often fatal, diseases in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS; also called hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS)). Two hallmarks of human hantavirus infection are robust immune cell activation and hyperinflammation. Despite these strong immune responses, hantavirus-infected cells do not succumb to cell death in patients. Recent studies have shown that hantaviruses hamper cytotoxic lymphocyte-mediated killing, by inhibiting cytotoxic granule-dependent induction of apoptosis and TRAIL-mediated apoptosis, as well as inhibiting intrinsic apoptosis. However, mechanisms behind hantavirus induced inhibition of intrinsic apoptosis have not been described. Here, we show that hantavirus infection leads to increased production of the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2, hampering the permeabilization of mitochondria and thereby blocking downstream signaling and activation of caspases. Treatment of infected cells with a BCL-2 inhibitor, as well as silencing of BCL-2 with siRNA, both reverted the anti-apoptotic effect. Taken together, this study reveals new insights into the interactions between hantaviruses and infected cells and demonstrates novel mechanisms by which hantaviruses inhibit apoptosis by hampering the permeabilization of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Solà-Riera
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Marina García
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Klingström
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Wang X, Shen W, Qin Y, Ying L, Li H, Lu J, Lu J, Zhang N, Li Z, Zhou W, Tang F, Zhu F, Hu J, Bao C. A case-control study on the risk factors for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:103. [PMID: 32019494 PMCID: PMC7001315 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-4830-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an endemic communicable disease in China, accounting for 90% of total reported cases worldwide. In this study, the authors want to investigate the risk factors for HFRS in recent years to provide the prevention and control advices. METHODS A community-based, 1:2 matched case-control study was carried out to investigate the risk factors for HFRS. Cases were defined as laboratory-confirmed cases that tested positive for hantavirus-specific IgM antibodies. Two neighbourhood controls of each case were selected by sex, age and occupation. Standardized questionnaires were used to collect information and identify the risk factors for HFRS. RESULTS Eighty-six matched pairs were investigated in the study. The median age of the cases was 55.0 years, 72.09% were male, and 73.26% were farmers. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, cleaning spare room at home (OR = 3.310, 95%CI 1.335-8.210) was found to be risk factor for infection; storing food and crops properly (OR = 0.279 95%CI 0.097-0.804) provided protection from infection. CONCLUSION Storing food and crops properly seemed to be protective factor, which was important for HFRS prevention and control. More attention should be paid to promote comprehensive health education and behaviour change among high-risk populations in the HFRS endemic area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Wang
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wenqi Shen
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuanfang Qin
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Liang Ying
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Lianyungang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | - Haipeng Li
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Lianyungang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | - Jiankui Lu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guanyun County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Haizhou County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Weizhong Zhou
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Fenyang Tang
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Fengcai Zhu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jianli Hu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Changjun Bao
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Tukhanova N, Shin A, Abdiyeva K, Turebekov N, Yeraliyeva L, Yegemberdiyeva R, Shapiyeva Z, Froeschl G, Hoelscher M, Wagner E, Rösel K, Zhalmagambetova A, Musralina L, Frey S, Essbauer S. Serological investigation of orthohantaviruses in patients with fever of unknown origin in Kazakhstan. Zoonoses Public Health 2020; 67:271-279. [PMID: 31957260 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Orthohantaviruses are geographically widely distributed and present various clinical manifestations from mild symptoms to the severe form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia. Official registration of HFRS in Kazakhstan started in the year 2000. However, the true prevalence of human infections by orthohantaviruses within Kazakhstan is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate of the seroprevalence of orthohantavirus infections in patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO) in two regions, Almaty and Kyzylorda region. METHODS Paired serum samples from 802 patients with FUO were screened for the presence of orthohantavirus IgG and IgM antibodies by ELISA. Positive samples were further tested by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence tests (IIFT) to determine the respective orthohantavirus serotypes. Suspected acute serum samples were additionally checked by a RT-PCR to identify viral RNA. RESULTS In total 178/802 (22.2%) serum samples reacted with orthohantavirus IgG antibodies and 4/802 (0.5%) with IgM antibodies. All positive samples were tested by immunoblotting which resulted in 2.9% positive samples with IgG antibodies against Puumala (PUUV), Hantaan (HTNV) and Dobrava (DOBV) virus serotypes in Almaty region and 5.4% to PUUV and DOBV serotypes in Kyzylorda region, respectively. In the IFFT, 1.9% positive samples from Almaty and 3.1% from Kyzylorda were confirmed for PUUV and DOBV serotypes. Out of four IgM ELISA positive samples only three were positive against PUUV in the immunoblot and showed weak positive reactivity for the Saaremaa (SAAV), PUUV and HTNV serotypes in the IFFT. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the presence of orthohantavirus infections among patients with FUO in Kazakh regions that were so far considered as non-endemic. The healthcare system needs to be prepared accordingly in order to be capable of detecting cases and providing adequate management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Tukhanova
- Center for International Health, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Shin
- Center for International Health, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Karlygash Abdiyeva
- Center for International Health, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,Central Reference Laboratory, Kazakh Scientific Center for Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nurkeldi Turebekov
- Center for International Health, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,Central Reference Laboratory, Kazakh Scientific Center for Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Zhanna Shapiyeva
- Scientific Practical Center of Sanitary Epidemiological Expertise and Monitoring, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Guenter Froeschl
- Center for International Health, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitä Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Hoelscher
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitä Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Edith Wagner
- Department of Virology and Intracellular Agents, Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Rösel
- Department of Virology and Intracellular Agents, Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Stefan Frey
- Department of Virology and Intracellular Agents, Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Essbauer
- Department of Virology and Intracellular Agents, Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, Germany
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70
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Abdullahi A, Shohaimi S, Kilicman A, Hafiz Ibrahim M, Salari N. Stochastic SIS Modelling: Coinfection of Two Pathogens in Two-Host Communities. ENTROPY 2019; 22:e22010054. [PMID: 33285829 PMCID: PMC7516484 DOI: 10.3390/e22010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A pathogen can infect multiple hosts. For example, zoonotic diseases like rabies often colonize both humans and animals. Meanwhile, a single host can sometimes be infected with many pathogens, such as malaria and meningitis. Therefore, we studied two susceptible classes S 1 ( t ) and S 2 ( t ) , each of which can be infected when interacting with two different infectious groups I 1 ( t ) and I 2 ( t ) . The stochastic models were formulated through the continuous time Markov chain (CTMC) along with their deterministic analogues. The statistics for the developed model were studied using the multi-type branching process. Since each epidemic class was assumed to transmit only its own type of pathogen, two reproduction numbers were obtained, in addition to the probability-generating functions of offspring. Thus, these, together with the mean number of infections, were used to estimate the probability of extinction. The initial population of infectious classes can influence their probability of extinction. Understanding the disease extinctions and outbreaks could result in rapid intervention by the management for effective control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auwal Abdullahi
- Institute for Mathematical Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.); (A.K.)
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Federal University Kashere, Kashere 771103, Nigeria
| | - Shamarina Shohaimi
- Institute for Mathematical Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.); (A.K.)
- Department of Biology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-192-747-525
| | - Adem Kilicman
- Institute for Mathematical Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.A.); (A.K.)
- Department of Mathematics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Ibrahim
- Department of Biology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Nader Salari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, 6715847141 Kermanshah, Iran;
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71
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Su Q, Chen Y, Li M, Ma J, Wang B, Luo J, He H. Genetic Characterization and Molecular Evolution of Urban Seoul Virus in Southern China. Viruses 2019; 11:v11121137. [PMID: 31835357 PMCID: PMC6950471 DOI: 10.3390/v11121137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Seoul virus (SEOV), which causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans, has spread all over the world, especially in mainland China. Understanding basic mechanisms of SEOV evolution is essential to better combat and prevent viral diseases. Here, we examined SEOV prevalence and evolution in the residential area of four districts in Guangzhou city, China. The carriage of SEOV was observed in 33.33% of the sampled rodents, with 35.96% of the sampled Rattus norvegicus and 13.33% of R. tanezumi. Based on the comprehensive analyses of large (L), medium (M), and small (S) segments, our study first demonstrated that the genetic characterization of urban SEOV was shaped by high nucleotide substitution rates, purifying selection, and recombination. Additionally, we detected mutational saturation in the S segment of SEOV, which may lead to the biases of genetic divergence and substitution rates in our study. Importantly, we have filled the gap of SEOV evolution in the urban area. The genetic variation of SEOV may highlight the risk of HFRS, which merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Su
- National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Q.S.); (M.L.); (J.M.); (B.W.); (J.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Yi Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Meng Li
- National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Q.S.); (M.L.); (J.M.); (B.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiajun Ma
- National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Q.S.); (M.L.); (J.M.); (B.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Bo Wang
- National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Q.S.); (M.L.); (J.M.); (B.W.); (J.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Jing Luo
- National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Q.S.); (M.L.); (J.M.); (B.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Hongxuan He
- National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Q.S.); (M.L.); (J.M.); (B.W.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence:
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72
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Dai X, Jian C, Na L, Wang X, Dai Y, Li D. Production and characterization of Hantaan virus-like particles from baculovirus expression system. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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73
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Puumala and Tula Virus Differ in Replication Kinetics and Innate Immune Stimulation in Human Endothelial Cells and Macrophages. Viruses 2019; 11:v11090855. [PMID: 31540120 PMCID: PMC6784088 DOI: 10.3390/v11090855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Old world hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) upon zoonotic transmission to humans. In Europe, the Puumala virus (PUUV) is the main causative agent of HFRS. Tula virus (TULV) is also widely distributed in Europe, but there is little knowledge about the pathogenicity of TULV for humans, as reported cases are rare. We studied the replication of TULV in different cell types in comparison to the pathogenic PUUV and analyzed differences in stimulation of innate immunity. While both viruses replicated to a similar extent in interferon (IFN)-deficient Vero E6 cells, TULV replication in human lung epithelial (A549) cells was slower and less efficient when compared to PUUV. In contrast to PUUV, no replication of TULV could be detected in human microvascular endothelial cells and in macrophages. While a strong innate immune response towards PUUV infection was evident at 48 h post infection, TULV infection triggered only a weak IFN response late after infection of A549 cells. Using appropriate in vitro cell culture models for the orthohantavirus infection, we could demonstrate major differences in host cell tropism, replication kinetics, and innate immune induction between pathogenic PUUV and the presumably non- or low-pathogenic TULV that are not observed in Vero E6 cells and may contribute to differences in virulence.
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74
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Binder F, Lenk M, Weber S, Stoek F, Dill V, Reiche S, Riebe R, Wernike K, Hoffmann D, Ziegler U, Adler H, Essbauer S, Ulrich RG. Common vole (Microtus arvalis) and bank vole (Myodes glareolus) derived permanent cell lines differ in their susceptibility and replication kinetics of animal and zoonotic viruses. J Virol Methods 2019; 274:113729. [PMID: 31513859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.113729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenesis and reservoir host adaptation of animal and zoonotic viruses are poorly understood due to missing adequate cell culture and animal models. The bank vole (Myodes glareolus) and common vole (Microtus arvalis) serve as hosts for a variety of zoonotic pathogens. For a better understanding of virus association to a putative animal host, we generated two novel cell lines from bank voles of different evolutionary lineages and two common vole cell lines and assayed their susceptibility, replication and cytopathogenic effect (CPE) formation for rodent-borne, suspected to be rodent-associated or viruses with no obvious rodent association. Already established bank vole cell line BVK168, used as control, was susceptible to almost all viruses tested and efficiently produced infectious virus for almost all of them. The Puumala orthohantavirus strain Vranica/Hällnäs showed efficient replication in a new bank vole kidney cell line, but not in the other four bank and common vole cell lines. Tula orthohantavirus replicated in the kidney cell line of common voles, but was hampered in its replication in the other cell lines. Several zoonotic viruses, such as Cowpox virus, Vaccinia virus, Rift Valley fever virus, and Encephalomyocarditis virus 1 replicated in all cell lines with CPE formation. West Nile virus, Usutu virus, Sindbis virus and Tick-borne encephalitis virus replicated only in a part of the cell lines, perhaps indicating cell line specific factors involved in replication. Rodent specific viruses differed in their replication potential: Murine gammaherpesvirus-68 replicated in the four tested vole cell lines, whereas murine norovirus failed to infect almost all cell lines. Schmallenberg virus and Foot-and-mouth disease virus replicated in some of the cell lines, although these viruses have never been associated to rodents. In conclusion, these newly developed cell lines may represent useful tools to study virus-cell interactions and to identify and characterize host cell factors involved in replication of rodent associated viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Binder
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Matthias Lenk
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Bio-Bank, Collection of Cell Lines in Veterinary Virology (CCLV), Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Saskia Weber
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Franziska Stoek
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Veronika Dill
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Sven Reiche
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Bio-Bank, Collection of Cell Lines in Veterinary Virology (CCLV), Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Roland Riebe
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Bio-Bank, Collection of Cell Lines in Veterinary Virology (CCLV), Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Kerstin Wernike
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Donata Hoffmann
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Ute Ziegler
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Heiko Adler
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Marchioninistrasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany; University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Essbauer
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Department Virology and Rickettsiology, Neuherbergstr. 11, 80937 Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer G Ulrich
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Insel Riems, Germany.
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75
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Davidyuk YN, Kabwe E, Shakirova VG, Martynova EV, Ismagilova RK, Khaertynova IM, Khaiboullina SF, Rizvanov AA, Morzunov SP. Characterization of the Puumala orthohantavirus Strains in the Northwestern Region of the Republic of Tatarstan in Relation to the Clinical Manifestations in Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome Patients. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:970. [PMID: 31543819 PMCID: PMC6739438 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 1,000 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) were recorded in the Republic of Tatarstan (RT) in 2015. HFRS is a zoonotic disease caused by several different Old World hantaviruses. In RT, Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) is a prevalent etiological agent of HFRS. We looked for the genetic link between the PUUV strains isolated from the bank voles and from the infected humans. In addition, possible correlation between the genetic makeup of the PUUV strain involved and different clinical picture of HFRS was investigated. Partial PUUV small (S) genome segment sequences were retrieved from 37 small animals captured in the northwestern region of RT in 2015. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 34 PUUV sequences clustered with strains of the previously identified “Russia” (RUS) genetic lineage, while 3 remaining PUUV sequences clustered with the known lineage from Finland (FIN). Sequence comparisons showed that the majority of the S-segment sequences isolated in the current study displayed 98.2–100.0% sequence identity when compared with the strains isolated earlier from the HFRS patients hospitalized in Kazan city. HFRS patients infected with PUUV strains of either RUS or FIN genetic lineages were observed to have consistent differences in clinical presentation of the disease and laboratory findings. These findings indicated a strong genetic link between the infected bank voles and human HFRS cases from the same localities. Thus, S-segment sequences of the PUUV strains isolated from HFRS patients could serve as a molecular marker for determining the likely geographic area where infection occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy N Davidyuk
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Emmanuel Kabwe
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Venera G Shakirova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kazan State Medical Academy, Kazan, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Martynova
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Ruzilya K Ismagilova
- Research Laboratory "Omics technology", Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | | | - Svetlana F Khaiboullina
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Albert A Rizvanov
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Sergey P Morzunov
- Department of Pathology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States
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76
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Urine and Free Immunoglobulin Light Chains as Analytes for Serodiagnosis of Hantavirus Infection. Viruses 2019; 11:v11090809. [PMID: 31480594 PMCID: PMC6783946 DOI: 10.3390/v11090809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid point-of-care testing is a megatrend in infectious disease diagnosis. We have introduced a homogeneous immunoassay concept, which is based on the simultaneous binding of antigen and protein L to a given immunoglobulin molecule. The complex formation is detected utilizing time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer between antigen-attached donor and acceptor-labeled protein L, hence the name LFRET. Here, we demonstrate that urine can be used as a sample matrix in LFRET-based serodiagnostics. We studied urine samples collected during the hospitalization and recovery of patients with acute Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) infection. We compared PUUV antibody-specific LFRET signals in urine to those in plasma, and found excellent correlation in the test outcomes The LFRET test from urine was positive in 40/40 patients with acute PUUV infection. PUUV causes a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, characterized by acute kidney injury and proteinuria. Immunofluorescence and western blotting demonstrated PUUV-IgG and -IgA in urine, however, the presence of intact immunoglobulins did not fully explain the LFRET signals. We purified free light chains (FLCs) from both urine and serum of healthy volunteers and patients with acute PUUV infection, and verified the presence of antigen-specific FLCs. Antigen-specific FLCs provide a new means for non-invasive antibody detection and disease diagnosis.
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77
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Filippone C, Castel G, Murri S, Ermonval M, Korva M, Avšič-Županc T, Sironen T, Vapalahati O, McElhinney LM, Ulrich RG, Groschup MH, Caro V, Sauvage F, van der Werf S, Manuguerra JC, Gessain A, Marianneau P, Tordo N. Revisiting the genetic diversity of emerging hantaviruses circulating in Europe using a pan-viral resequencing microarray. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12404. [PMID: 31455867 PMCID: PMC6712034 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47508-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses are zoonotic agents transmitted from small mammals, mainly rodents, to humans, where they provoke diseases such as Hemorrhagic fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) and its mild form, Nephropathia Epidemica (NE), or Hantavirus Cardio-Pulmonary Syndrome (HCPS). Hantaviruses are spread worldwide and monitoring animal reservoirs is of primary importance to control the zoonotic risk. Here, we describe the development of a pan-viral resequencing microarray (PathogenID v3.0) able to explore the genetic diversity of rodent-borne hantaviruses endemic in Europe. Among about 800 sequences tiled on the microarray, 52 correspond to a tight molecular sieve of hantavirus probes covering a large genetic landscape. RNAs from infected animal tissues or from laboratory strains have been reverse transcribed, amplified, then hybridized to the microarray. A classical BLASTN analysis applied to the sequence delivered through the microarray allows to identify the hantavirus species up to the exact geographical variant present in the tested samples. Geographical variants of the most common European hantaviruses from France, Germany, Slovenia and Finland, such as Puumala virus, Dobrava virus and Tula virus, were genetically discriminated. Furthermore, we precisely characterized geographical variants still unknown when the chip was conceived, such as Seoul virus isolates, recently emerged in France and the United Kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Filippone
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Strategies Unit, Department of Virology, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Unit of Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Oncogenic Viruses, CNRS, UMR 3569, Department of Virology, Paris, France.,Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Guillaume Castel
- CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Myriam Ermonval
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Strategies Unit, Department of Virology, Paris, France
| | - Misa Korva
- University of Ljubljana, Microbiology and Immunology Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tatjana Avšič-Županc
- University of Ljubljana, Microbiology and Immunology Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tarja Sironen
- Haartman Institute, Department of Virology, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Vapalahati
- Haartman Institute, Department of Virology, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lorraine M McElhinney
- Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Surrey, UK. University of Liverpool, South Wirral, United Kingdom
| | - Rainer G Ulrich
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute for Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Martin H Groschup
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute for Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Valérie Caro
- Institut Pasteur, Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats - CIBU Unit, Paris, France
| | - Frank Sauvage
- University of Lyon, UMR- CNRS, 5558, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sylvie van der Werf
- Institut Pasteur, Unit of Molecular Genetics of RNA viruses, Department of Virology, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Claude Manuguerra
- Institut Pasteur, Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats - CIBU Unit, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Gessain
- Institut Pasteur, Unit of Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Oncogenic Viruses, CNRS, UMR 3569, Department of Virology, Paris, France
| | | | - Noël Tordo
- Institut Pasteur, Antiviral Strategies Unit, Department of Virology, Paris, France. .,Institut Pasteur de Guinée, Conakry, Guinea.
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78
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Outinen TK, Mantula P, Jaatinen P, Hämäläinen M, Moilanen E, Vaheri A, Huhtala H, Mäkelä S, Mustonen J. Glycoprotein YKL-40 Is Elevated and Predicts Disease Severity in Puumala Hantavirus Infection. Viruses 2019; 11:v11090767. [PMID: 31438470 PMCID: PMC6784349 DOI: 10.3390/v11090767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Europe are caused by the Puumala hantavirus (PUUV). Typical features of the disease are increased vascular permeability, acute kidney injury (AKI), and thrombocytopenia. YKL-40 is an inflammatory glycoprotein involved in various forms of acute and chronic inflammation. In the present study, we examined plasma YKL-40 levels and the associations of YKL-40 with disease severity in acute PUUV infection. A total of 79 patients treated in Tampere University Hospital during 2005–2014 were studied. Plasma YKL-40 was measured in the acute phase, the recovery phase, and one year after hospitalization. Plasma YKL-40 levels were higher during the acute phase compared to the recovery phase and one year after hospitalization (median YKL-40 142 ng/mL, range 11–3320, vs. 45 ng/mL, range 15–529, vs. 32 ng/mL, range 3–213, p < 0.001). YKL-40 level was correlated with the length of hospital stay (r = 0.229, p = 0.042), the levels of inflammatory markers—that is, blood leukocytes (r = 0.234, p = 0.040), plasma C-reactive protein (r = 0.332, p = 0.003), and interleukin-6 (r = 0.544, p < 0.001), and maximum plasma creatinine level (r = 0.370, p = 0.001). In conclusion, plasma YKL-40 levels were found to be elevated during acute PUUV infection and correlated with the overall severity of the disease, as well as with the degree of inflammation and the severity of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuula K Outinen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Paula Mantula
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
| | - Pia Jaatinen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
- Division of Internal Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Mari Hämäläinen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33100 & FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33100 & FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti Vaheri
- Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heini Huhtala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
| | - Satu Mäkelä
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Mustonen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
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79
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Niskanen S, Jääskeläinen A, Vapalahti O, Sironen T. Evaluation of Real-Time RT-PCR for Diagnostic Use in Detection of Puumala Virus. Viruses 2019; 11:v11070661. [PMID: 31330941 PMCID: PMC6669532 DOI: 10.3390/v11070661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Puumala virus (PUUV) is the most common cause of hantavirus infection in Europe, with thousands of cases occurring particularly in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe and Russia. It causes a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome also known as nephropathia epidemica (NE) with clinical picture ranging from mild to severe. Currently, the laboratory diagnosis of NE is mainly based on serology. Here, we evaluated a real-time one-step qRT-PCR (PUUV-qRT-PCR) for detection of PUUV with 238 consecutive diagnostic serum samples from patients with suspected PUUV infection. The PUUV-qRT-PCR was both specific and sensitive for PUUV RNA. The analytical sensitivity (limit of detection) was estimated to be four copies of PUUV per reaction. Altogether 28 out of 30 (93%) PUUV IgM positive samples were positive also for PUUV RNA. No false positives were detected and the specificity was thus 100%. Interestingly, one sample was found positive in PUUV-qRT-PCR prior to subsequent IgM and IgG seroconversion. PUUV-qRT-PCR could be used for diagnostics in the early phase of NE infection and might be helpful especially in the rare severe cases when the patient’s condition may deteriorate rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silja Niskanen
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Jääskeläinen
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory (HUSLAB), 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory (HUSLAB), 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Sironen
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
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80
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Pothen L, Yildiz H, Aydin S, Camboni A, Lambert M, Hainaut P, Ebbo M. [Dyspnea in a 64 year-old woman]. Rev Med Interne 2019; 41:58-61. [PMID: 31311673 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Pothen
- Service de médecine interne, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgique.
| | - H Yildiz
- Service de médecine interne, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - S Aydin
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - A Camboni
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - M Lambert
- Service de médecine interne, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - P Hainaut
- Service de médecine interne, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - M Ebbo
- Département de médecine interne, hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, Aix-Marseille Université, 278, rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille
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81
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Çelebi G, Öztoprak N, Öktem İMA, Heyman P, Lundkvist Å, Wahlström M, Köktürk F, Pişkin N. Dynamics of Puumala hantavirus outbreak in Black Sea Region, Turkey. Zoonoses Public Health 2019; 66:783-797. [PMID: 31293096 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some of the hantavirus species in Euro-Asia cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans. The first documented human hantavirus infection in Turkey was diagnosed in 2009. This report describes the dynamics of the first hantavirus outbreak that emerged in humans in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. METHODS All the suspected cases of hantavirus infection were admitted to the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Department at the Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Hospital in Zonguldak, Turkey. The patients were carefully interviewed, examined and evaluated using routine laboratory tests and hantavirus diagnostic tools. Hantavirus-reactive antibodies (IgM and IgG) in serum samples were detected via enzyme immune assay (EIA) and immunofluorescence assay (IFA) in the acute and convalescence stages of the disease. The presence of hantavirus ribonucleic acid (RNA) was analysed via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in serum and urine samples. A focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT) was performed to confirm specific hantavirus serotypes. In addition, a case-control study was conducted to identify possible risk factors for hantavirus transmission in the outbreak area. A control group was composed of asymptomatic individuals who were seronegative for hantavirus IgM and IgG and living in the outbreak area. RESULTS A total of 55 suspected cases of hantavirus infection were admitted to the inpatient clinic between February and June of 2009. Twenty-four patients were diagnosed with acute HFRS via EIA or IFA. In 22 of the 24 infected patients, Puumala virus (PUUV) was identified as the causative hantavirus type by detecting IgM in the acute stage and an increase in the IgG level in follow-up serum samples. PUUV was also verified as the infecting agent by FRNT in two of the 24 cases. Among the 24 laboratory-confirmed HFRS cases, 21 (87.5%) were males and 3 (12.5%) were females, and the mean age was 45.92 years (standard deviation ± 16.90 years). Almost all these individuals were living in villages or rural areas. The 24 HFRS cases were matched with 26 healthy controls for statistical analyses and according to binary logistic regression analysis, and dealing with rodent control activities in gardens or in annexes of their homes (p = 0.021 and Odds ratio [OR] = 17.11) and being male (p = 0.019 and OR = 22.37) were detected as statistically significant risk factors for hantavirus infection. The most commonly observed clinical complaints were fatigue (95.8%), shivering (91.7%), fever (87.1%), headache (70.8%) and nausea (70.8%). Haemodialysis was required for four patients (16.7%). Except for the first case diagnosed with acute hantavirus infection, no patient died. The mean delay time to hospital admission from initiation of symptoms was 5.3 days, the mean duration of febrile days was 2.6 days, and the mean duration of hospital stay was 8.5 days. CONCLUSION Hantaviruses are circulating in Turkey and causing sporadic or epidemic infection in humans. Additional investigations are needed to better understand the dynamics of hantaviruses in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güven Çelebi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Nefise Öztoprak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Antalya Educational and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | - Paul Heyman
- Research Laboratory for Vector-Borne Diseases and Reference Laboratory for Vector-Borne Diseases, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Åke Lundkvist
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosus Science Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Wahlström
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosus Science Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fürüzan Köktürk
- Department of Biostatistics, Medical Faculty, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Nihal Pişkin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
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Clinical course of hantavirus-induced nephropathia epidemica in children compared to adults in Germany-analysis of 317 patients. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:1247-1252. [PMID: 30874941 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-019-04215-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hantavirus infections are endemic worldwide, and its incidence in Europe has been steadily increasing. In Western Europe, hantavirus infections are typically caused by Puumala hantavirus and cause nephropathia epidemica (NE), a mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Up to now, there is only little data about the course of acute NE in children, but it has been suggested that hantavirus infections take a lighter course in children when compared to adults. We performed a retrospective analysis of adults and children diagnosed with acute NE in two counties in South-Western Germany to investigate if there are differences in the course of the disease. METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 295 adults and 22 children with acute NE regarding clinical presentation, laboratory findings, complications and outcome. RESULTS Acute kidney injury (AKI) and thrombocytopenia occurred at similar frequencies and severity in both groups. Sudden onset of fever and back/loin pain were two of the three most common symptoms in both adults and children. However, adults presented more frequently with arthralgia and visual disturbances, whereas abdominal pain and nausea/vomiting could be detected more often in children. No significant differences were found in the incidence of complications (haemodialysis, long-term outcome of kidney function, length of hospital stay). CONCLUSIONS The clinical course of acute NE was similar in adults and children with high frequency of AKI as well as thrombocytopenia, but with full recovery of all patients.
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83
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Perley CC, Brocato RL, Kwilas SA, Daye S, Moreau A, Nichols DK, Wetzel KS, Shamblin J, Hooper JW. Three asymptomatic animal infection models of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by hantaviruses. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216700. [PMID: 31075144 PMCID: PMC6510444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Puumala virus (PUUV) are rodent-borne hantaviruses that are the primary causes of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Europe and Asia. The development of well characterized animal models of HTNV and PUUV infection is critical for the evaluation and the potential licensure of HFRS vaccines and therapeutics. In this study we present three animal models of HTNV infection (hamster, ferret and marmoset), and two animal models of PUUV infection (hamster, ferret). Infection of hamsters with a ~3 times the infectious dose 99% (ID99) of HTNV by the intramuscular and ~1 ID99 of HTNV by the intranasal route leads to a persistent asymptomatic infection, characterized by sporadic viremia and high levels of viral genome in the lung, brain and kidney. In contrast, infection of hamsters with ~2 ID99 of PUUV by the intramuscular or ~1 ID99 of PUUV by the intranasal route leads to seroconversion with no detectable viremia, and a transient detection of viral genome. Infection of ferrets with a high dose of either HTNV or PUUV by the intramuscular route leads to seroconversion and gradual weight loss, though kidney function remained unimpaired and serum viremia and viral dissemination to organs was not detected. In marmosets a 1,000 PFU HTNV intramuscular challenge led to robust seroconversion and neutralizing antibody production. Similarly to the ferret model of HTNV infection, no renal impairment, serum viremia or viral dissemination to organs was detected in marmosets. This is the first report of hantavirus infection in ferrets and marmosets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey C. Perley
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Ft. Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rebecca L. Brocato
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Ft. Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Steven A. Kwilas
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Ft. Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sharon Daye
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Ft. Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alicia Moreau
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Ft. Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Donald K. Nichols
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Ft. Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kelly S. Wetzel
- Molecular and Translational Sciences Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Ft. Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joshua Shamblin
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Ft. Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jay W. Hooper
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Ft. Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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84
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Prasad N, Novak JE, Patel MR. Kidney Diseases Associated With Parvovirus B19, Hanta, Ebola, and Dengue Virus Infection: A Brief Review. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2019; 26:207-219. [PMID: 31202393 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Viral infection-associated kidney diseases are an emerging public health issue in both developing and developed countries. Many new viruses have emerged with new paradigms of kidney injury, either directly through their cytopathic effect or indirectly through immune-mediated glomerulopathy, tubulointerstitial disease, and acute kidney injury as part of multiorgan failure. Herein, we will discuss Parvovirus, which causes glomerulopathy, and Hanta, Ebola, and Dengue viruses, which cause viral hemorrhagic fever and acute kidney injury. Clinical manifestations also depend on extrarenal organ systems involved. Diagnosis of these viral infections is mainly based on a high index of suspicion, serologic testing, and isolation of viral DNA/RNA. Management is largely conservative, as specific antiviral agents are unavailable.
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85
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Bhoelan S, Langerak T, Noack D, van Schinkel L, van Nood E, van Gorp ECM, Rockx B, Goeijenbier M. Hypopituitarism after Orthohantavirus Infection: What is Currently Known? Viruses 2019; 11:v11040340. [PMID: 30974852 PMCID: PMC6521286 DOI: 10.3390/v11040340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several case reports have described hypopituitarism following orthohantavirus infection, mostly following Puumala virus. The pathogenesis of this seemingly rare complication of orthohantavirus infection remains unknown. This review explores the possible pathophysiological mechanisms of pituitary damage due to orthohantavirus infection. In only three out of the 28 reported cases, hypopituitarism was detected during active infection. In the remaining cases, detection of pituitary damage was delayed, varying from two months up to thirteen months post-infection. In these cases, hypopituitarism remained undetected during the acute phase of infection or only occurred weeks to months post infection. Both ischemic and hemorrhagic damage of the pituitary gland have been detected in radiographic imaging and post-mortem studies in the studied case reports series. Ischemic damage could be caused by hypotension and/or vasospasms during the acute phase of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) while hemorrhage could be caused by thrombocytopenia, thrombopathy, and other known causes of coagulation disorders during orthohantavirus infection. Also, hypophysitis due to the presence of auto-antibodies have been suggested in the literature. In conclusion, a significant number of case reports and series describe hypopituitarism after orthohantavirus infection. In most cases hypopituitarism was diagnosed with a delay and therefore could very well be underreported. Clinicians should be aware of this potential endocrine complication, with substantial morbidity, and if unrecognized, significant mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soerajja Bhoelan
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Thomas Langerak
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Danny Noack
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Linda van Schinkel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Els van Nood
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Eric C M van Gorp
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Barry Rockx
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marco Goeijenbier
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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86
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Tian H, Stenseth NC. The ecological dynamics of hantavirus diseases: From environmental variability to disease prevention largely based on data from China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0006901. [PMID: 30789905 PMCID: PMC6383869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses can cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the Americas and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia. In recent decades, repeated outbreaks of hantavirus disease have led to public concern and have created a global public health burden. Hantavirus spillover from natural hosts into human populations could be considered an ecological process, in which environmental forces, behavioral determinants of exposure, and dynamics at the human–animal interface affect human susceptibility and the epidemiology of the disease. In this review, we summarize the progress made in understanding hantavirus epidemiology and rodent reservoir population biology. We mainly focus on three species of rodent hosts with longitudinal studies of sufficient scale: the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius, the main reservoir host for Hantaan virus [HTNV], which causes HFRS) in Asia, the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus, the main reservoir host for Sin Nombre virus [SNV], which causes HPS) in North America, and the bank vole (Myodes glareolus, the main reservoir host for Puumala virus [PUUV], which causes HFRS) in Europe. Moreover, we discuss the influence of ecological factors on human hantavirus disease outbreaks and provide an overview of research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (HT); (NCS)
| | - Nils Chr. Stenseth
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (HT); (NCS)
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Orthohantaviruses belonging to three phylogroups all inhibit apoptosis in infected target cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:834. [PMID: 30696898 PMCID: PMC6351540 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37446-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses, previously known as hantaviruses, are zoonotic viruses that can cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans. The HPS-causing Andes virus (ANDV) and the HFRS-causing Hantaan virus (HTNV) have anti-apoptotic effects. To investigate if this represents a general feature of orthohantaviruses, we analysed the capacity of six different orthohantaviruses – belonging to three distinct phylogroups and representing both pathogenic and non-pathogenic viruses – to inhibit apoptosis in infected cells. Primary human endothelial cells were infected with ANDV, HTNV, the HFRS-causing Puumala virus (PUUV) and Seoul virus, as well as the putative non-pathogenic Prospect Hill virus and Tula virus. Infected cells were then exposed to the apoptosis-inducing chemical staurosporine or to activated human NK cells exhibiting a high cytotoxic potential. Strikingly, all orthohantaviruses inhibited apoptosis in both settings. Moreover, we show that the nucleocapsid (N) protein from all examined orthohantaviruses are potential targets for caspase-3 and granzyme B. Recombinant N protein from ANDV, PUUV and the HFRS-causing Dobrava virus strongly inhibited granzyme B activity and also, to certain extent, caspase-3 activity. Taken together, this study demonstrates that six different orthohantaviruses inhibit apoptosis, suggesting this to be a general feature of orthohantaviruses likely serving as a mechanism of viral immune evasion.
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Abstract
We report the case of a 45-year-old male referred to our hospital with fever, asthenia, visual disturbances and increasing headaches. Diffusion-weighted imaging of the brain showed high signal intensity in the splenium of corpus callosum with low apparent diffusion coefficient values. Diagnosis of cytotoxic lesion of corpus callosum was made with Puumala Hantavirus infection serologically confirmed and should not be mistaken for ischemia. Patient was discharged 8 days after admission and imaging findings had resolved 3 weeks later.
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89
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Pastissier A, Humbert S, Naudion P, Meaux-Ruault N, Badoz M, Magy-Bertrand N. Severe Sinus Bradycardia in Puumala virus infection. Int J Infect Dis 2018; 79:75-76. [PMID: 30503652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) is the most prevalent of the four species of zoonotic hantaviruses found in Europe, causing nephropathia epidemica, a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with acute kidney injury that presents with elevated serum creatinine level, proteinuria and hematuria. The febrile phase of the infection begins with flu-like syndrome and visual disturbance. Laboratory results can show thrombocytopenia. The oliguric phase with elevated serum creatinine level then occurs. Cardiac involvement is sometimes observed, especially ECG abnormality: transient T-waves inversion, generally in the lateral or inferior leads. Marked bradycardia has been exceptionally described. We report the case of a 36-year-old woman with acute PUUV infection. Two days after admission, the patient presented a sinus bradycardia at 25/min. The bradycardia was asymptomatic, persisted one week and resolved spontaneously. Cardiac involvement in Puumala virus infection seems not to be associated with a bad prognosis. Bradycardia in the course of an influenza-like illness in endemic areas should suggest several pathogens such as legionella, Q fever or PUUV virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pauline Naudion
- Service de Médecine Interne, CHRU de Besançon, Besançon, France.
| | | | - Marc Badoz
- Service de Cardiologie, CHRU de Besançon, Besançon, France.
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90
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Polat C, Ergünay K, Irmak S, Erdin M, Brinkmann A, Çetintaş O, Çoğal M, Sözen M, Matur F, Nitsche A, Öktem İMA. A novel genetic lineage of Tula orthohantavirus in Altai voles (Microtus obscurus) from Turkey. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 67:150-158. [PMID: 30465911 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses (family Hantaviridae order Bunyavirales) are emerging pathogens with a significant impact on human health. They are transmitted via aerosolized excreta of rodents which also act as reservoir hosts, constituting a unique route for dispersion. Dobrava-Belgrade and Puumala orthohantaviruses have been previously reported from Anatolia, in rodents, case reports and occasional outbreaks. We have collected rodents at several locations during a surveillance study in eastern Anatolia. The specimens were morphologically-identified and various tissues were screened via a generic orthohantavirus reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. DNA barcoding via mitochondrial cytochrome b sequencing was performed in rodents with detectable orthohantavirus sequences. High throughput sequencing was performed for viral genome characterization. Fifty rodents were collected and identified morphologically as Microtus spp. (96%) and Apodemus spp. (4%). Orthohantavirus sequences were detected in lung and spleen or liver tissues of 4 voles (8%), barcoded as Microtus obscurus. The virus sequences were identified as Tula orthohantavirus (TULV) and near-complete genomic segments of the prototype viral genome, tentatively named as the Tula orthohantavirus-Turkey (TULV-T), could be characterized. Putative open reading frames for viral nucleocapsid and a nonstructural protein on the S segment, glycoproteins G1 and G2 on the M segment and viral replicase on the L segment were identified on the TULV-T. Several minor sequence variants were further characterized. No evidence of recombination could be detected and pairwise comparisons displayed over 95% amino acid sequence identities to various Eurasian TULV strains. Phylogenetic analyses revealed distinct clustering of all genome segments from previously-characterized TULV strains via various approaches and models. Here, TULV-T constituted a novel lineage, forming an intermediate among Asian and European TULV lineages. This report describes the initial documentation of TULV circulation and its potential reservoir in Anatolia. The extent of virus dispersion, alternate hosts or outcomes of human exposure require elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceylan Polat
- Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Koray Ergünay
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Division of Ecology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sercan Irmak
- Balıkesir University, Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Mert Erdin
- Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Annika Brinkmann
- Robert Koch Institute; Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens 1 (ZBS 1), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ortaç Çetintaş
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Muhsin Çoğal
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Sözen
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Ferhat Matur
- Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Andreas Nitsche
- Robert Koch Institute; Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens 1 (ZBS 1), Berlin, Germany
| | - İbrahim Mehmet Ali Öktem
- Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
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91
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Lee JM, Lee BH, Chang SN, Oh H, Ryu B, Kim U, Park JH. Establishment, characterization, and toxicological application of a spontaneous immortalized cell line from the striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:779-787. [PMID: 30306320 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-0290-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It is important to secure various biological resources in situations of diminishing wildlife genetic diversity. Cultured cells are useful bioresources because they can stably store genetic information for a long time and can be expanded efficiently. Here, we established fibroblast cell lines from Apodemus agrarius as a new living resource. A. agrarius is an important sub-predator species in ecosystem food chains and for the study of infection epidemiology. Established cell lines were characterized by chromosome and mitochondrial gene analysis, the observation of cell morphology, and their anchorage-dependent growth pattern. We also examined susceptibility to endocrine disruptors (EDCs), which threaten biodiversity, using these established cell lines. Nonylphenol (NP) is a well-known EDC that threatens wildlife; however, its impact is poorly understood. Sensitivity to NP was confirmed based on two cell viability assays, namely MTT and lactate dehydrogenase. Cells exposed to NP were analyzed for abnormalities in cell growth and mitochondrial function by evaluating the expression of genes (specifically, those encoding growth hormone receptor and cytochrome C oxidase). This newly established cell line represents a valuable tool for the evaluation of toxic substances such as EDCs and this cell was biobanked for study about relationship between various environmental pollution and decreasing biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Lee
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- Microorganism Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Na Chang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseul Oh
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyeong Ryu
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ukjin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Park
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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92
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Xiao H, Tong X, Gao L, Hu S, Tan H, Huang ZYX, Zhang G, Yang Q, Li X, Huang R, Tong S, Tian H. Spatial heterogeneity of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is driven by environmental factors and rodent community composition. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006881. [PMID: 30356291 PMCID: PMC6218101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a rodent-borne disease caused mainly by two hantaviruses in China: Hantaan virus and Seoul virus. Environmental factors can significantly affect the risk of contracting hantavirus infections, primarily through their effects on rodent population dynamics and human-rodent contact. We aimed to clarify the environmental risk factors favoring rodent-to-human transmission to provide scientific evidence for developing effective HFRS prevention and control strategies. The 10-year (2006-2015) field surveillance data from the rodent hosts for hantavirus, the epidemiological and environmental data extracted from satellite images and meteorological stations, rodent-to-human transmission rates and impacts of the environment on rodent community composition were used to quantify the relationships among environmental factors, rodent species and HFRS occurrence. The study included 709 cases of HFRS. Rodent species in Chenzhou, a hantavirus hotspot, comprise mainly Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, R. flavipectus and some other species (R. losea and Microtus fortis calamorum). The rodent species played different roles across the various land types we examined, but all of them were associated with transmission risks. Some species were associated with HFRS occurrence risk in forest and water bodies. R. norvegicus and R. flavipectus were associated with risk of HFRS incidence in grassland, whereas M. musculus and R. flavipectus were associated with this risk in built-on land. The rodent community composition was also associated with environmental variability. The predictive risk models based on these significant factors were validated by a good-fit model, where: cultivated land was predicted to represent the highest risk for HFRS incidence, which accords with the statistics for HFRS cases in 2014-2015. The spatial heterogeneity of HFRS disease may be influenced by rodent community composition, which is associated with local environmental conditions. Therefore, future work should focus on preventing HFRS is moist, warm environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin Tong
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lidong Gao
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shixiong Hu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hua Tan
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zheng Y. X. Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forestry Administration, National Bird Banding Center of China, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyao Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ru Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shilu Tong
- Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health and Institute of Environment and Population Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Huaiyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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93
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Migalska M, Sebastian A, Radwan J. Profiling of the TCRβ repertoire in non-model species using high-throughput sequencing. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11613. [PMID: 30072736 PMCID: PMC6072738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, immune repertoire profiling with high-throughput sequencing (HTS) has advanced our understanding of adaptive immunity. However, fast progress in the field applied mostly to human and mouse research, with only few studies devoted to other model vertebrates. We present the first in-depth characterization of the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in a non-model mammal (bank vole, Myodes glareolus), widely used in ecological and evolutionary research. We used RNA from spleens, 5′RACE and HTS to describe V and J segments of TCRβ, qualitatively characterize preferential V–J segment usage and CDR3 length distribution. Overall orthology to murine genes was preserved, with 11 J and 37 V genes found in voles (although 3 V genes lacked a close orthologue). Further, we implemented unique molecular identifiers for quantitative analysis of CDR3 repertoire with stringent error correction. A conservative, lower bound estimation of the TCRβ repertoire was similar to that found for mice (1.7–2.3 × 105 clonotypes). We hope that by providing an easy-to-follow molecular protocol and on-line bioinformatics tools that do not require reference sequences (AmpliTCR and AmpliCDR3), we will encourage HTS immune repertoire profiling in other non-model vertebrates, thus opening new research avenues in e.g. comparative immunology, ecology and evolutionary biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Migalska
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Alvaro Sebastian
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.,Instituto Aragonés de Empleo (INAEM), c/Royo Villanova 1, 50007, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jacek Radwan
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
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94
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Abstract
From the standpoint of the surgical pathologist "hepatitis" is defined as the set of histologic patterns of lesions found in livers infected by hepatotropic viruses, by non-hepatotrophic viruses leading to liver inflammation in the context of systemic infection, or due to an autoimmune disease, drug, or toxin involving the liver. This article is centered on the histologic patterns of injury in acute viral hepatitis, encompassing the hepatotropic viruses A, B, C, D, and E and the "icteric hemorrhagic fevers" (dengue, hantavirus, yellow fever). A brief mention of viruses causing hepatitis in immunosuppressed patients also is presented.
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95
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Pal E, Korva M, Resman Rus K, Kejžar N, Bogovič P, Kurent A, Avšič-Županc T, Strle F. Sequential assessment of clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197661. [PMID: 29791494 PMCID: PMC5965875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Information on the sequential appearance, duration, and magnitude of clinical and laboratory parameters in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is limited. Methods Analysis of clinical and laboratory parameters obtained serially in 81 patients with HFRS, of whom 15 were infected with Dobrava virus and 66 with Puumala virus. Results The initial signs/symptoms, appearing on median day 1 of illness, were fever, headache, and myalgia. These were present in 86%, 65%, and 40% of patients and had a median duration of 4, 4, and 5.5 days, respectively. The signs/symptoms were followed by myopia (appearance on day 5), insomnia (day 6), oliguria/anuria (day 6), polyuria (day 9), and sinus bradycardia (day 9.5). These were present in 35%, 30%, 28%, 91%, and 35% of patients; their median duration was 2, 2, 2, 7, and 1 day, respectively. Laboratory abnormalities, including thrombocytopenia, elevated alanine aminotransferase, CRP, procalcitonin, creatinine, diminished glomerular filtration rate, and leukocytosis, were ascertained on admission to hospital or on the following day (day 5 or 6 of illness) and were established in 95%, 87%, 99%, 91%, 94%, 87%, and 55% of patients, and had a median duration of 4, 3, 7, 3, 9, 8, and 2 days, respectively. Comparison of patients infected with Dobrava and Puumala viruses found several differences in the frequency, magnitude, and duration of abnormalities, indicating that Dobrava virus causes the more severe HFRS. Conclusions In the majority of patients, the classic clinical distinction into febrile, hypotonic, oliguric, polyuric, and convalescent phases of illness is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Pal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Murska Sobota General Hospital, Rakičan, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miša Korva
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katarina Resman Rus
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nataša Kejžar
- Institute for Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Petra Bogovič
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anica Kurent
- Novo Mesto General Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Novo Mesto, Slovenia
| | - Tatjana Avšič-Županc
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Franc Strle
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- * E-mail:
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96
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Hentzien M, Mestrallet S, Halin P, Pannet LA, Lebrun D, Dramé M, Bani-Sadr F, Galempoix JM, Strady C, Reynes JM, Penalba C, Servettaz A. Bioclinical Test to Predict Nephropathia Epidemica Severity at Hospital Admission. Emerg Infect Dis 2018; 24:1045-1054. [PMID: 29774835 PMCID: PMC6004848 DOI: 10.3201/eid2406.172160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with serologically proven nephropathia epidemica (NE) living in Ardennes Department, France, during 2000-2014 to develop a bioclinical test predictive of severe disease. Among 205 patients, 45 (22.0%) had severe NE. We found the following factors predictive of severe NE: nephrotoxic drug exposure (p = 0.005, point value 10); visual disorders (p = 0.02, point value 8); microscopic or macroscopic hematuria (p = 0.04, point value 7); leukocyte count >10 × 109 cells/L (p = 0.01, point value 9); and thrombocytopenia <90 × 109/L (p = 0.003, point value 11). When point values for each factor were summed, we found a score of <10 identified low-risk patients (3.3% had severe disease), and a score >20 identified high-risk patients (45.3% had severe disease). If validated in future studies, this test could be used to stratify patients by severity in research studies and in clinical practice.
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97
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An outbreak of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome linked with mountain recreational activities in Zagreb, Croatia, 2017. Epidemiol Infect 2018; 146:1236-1239. [PMID: 29764527 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268818001231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2017 Zagreb faced the largest outbreak of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) to date. We investigated to describe the extent of the outbreak and identify risk factors for infection. We compared laboratory-confirmed cases of Hantavirus infection in Zagreb residents with the onset of illness after 1 January 2017, with individually matched controls from the same household or neighbourhood. We calculated adjusted matched odds ratios (amOR) using conditional logistic regression. During 2017, 104 cases were reported: 11-81 years old (median 37) and 71% (73) male. Compared with 104 controls, cases were more likely to report visiting Mount Medvednica (amOR 60, 95% CI 6-597), visiting a forest (amOR 46, 95% CI 4.7-450) and observing rodents (amOR 20, 95% CI 2.6-159). Seventy per cent of cases (73/104) had visited Mount Medvednica prior to infection. Among participants who had visited Mount Medvednica, cases were more likely to have drunk water from a spring (amOR 22, 95% CI 1.9-265), observed rodents (amOR 17, 95% CI 2-144), picked flowers (amOR 15, 95% CI 1.2-182) or cycled (amOR 14, 95% CI 1.6-135). Our study indicated that recreational activity around Mount Medvednica was associated with HFRS. We recommend enhanced surveillance of the recreational areas during an outbreak.
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98
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Abstract
Hantaviruses are known to cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Eurasia and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in the Americas. They are globally emerging pathogens as newer serotypes are routinely being reported. This review discusses hantavirus biology, clinical features and pathogenesis of hantavirus disease, its diagnostics, distribution and mammalian hosts. Hantavirus research in India is also summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Chandy
- International Clinical Epidemiology Network (INCLEN), INCLEN Trust International, New Delhi, India
| | - Dilip Mathai
- Apollo Medical College and Research Center, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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99
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Schöffel N, Braun M, Bendels MHK, Brüggmann D, Groneberg DA. [Human hantavirus infections]. ZENTRALBLATT FUR ARBEITSMEDIZIN, ARBEITSSCHUTZ UND ERGONOMIE 2018; 68:94-97. [PMID: 32288306 PMCID: PMC7123101 DOI: 10.1007/s40664-017-0223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Hantaviruses belong to the Bunyaviridae family. A large number of different subtypes are known worldwide that show a host-specific geographical distribution. Humans may become infected through contact with rodent urine, saliva or feces. In humans, hantavirus infections are an important and worldwide emerging zoonotic disease that may result in a variety of potentially life-threatening diseases, e. g. hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). There are various aspects of major occupational importance, particularly for agriculturists, veterinarians and forestry workers. This article reviews the current knowledge about epidemiology, pathology, diagnostics, therapy and prevention of human hantavirus infections worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Schöffel
- Institut für Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmedizin und Umweltmedizin, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - M. Braun
- Institut für Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmedizin und Umweltmedizin, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - M. H. K Bendels
- Institut für Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmedizin und Umweltmedizin, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - D. Brüggmann
- Institut für Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmedizin und Umweltmedizin, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - D. A. Groneberg
- Institut für Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmedizin und Umweltmedizin, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
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100
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Polat C, Sironen T, Plyusnina A, Karatas A, Sozen M, Matur F, Vapalahti O, Oktem IMA, Plyusnin A. Dobrava hantavirus variants found in
Apodemus flavicollis
mice in Kırklareli Province, Turkey. J Med Virol 2018; 90:810-818. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ceylan Polat
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical SchoolDokuz Eylül UniversityIzmirTurkey
| | - Tarja Sironen
- Department of VirologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | | | - Ahmet Karatas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and SciencesÖmer Halisdemir UniversityNiğdeTurkey
| | - Mustafa Sozen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and SciencesBülent Ecevit UniversityZonguldakTurkey
| | - Ferhat Matur
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and SciencesBülent Ecevit UniversityZonguldakTurkey
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- Department of VirologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - I. Mehmet Ali Oktem
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical SchoolDokuz Eylül UniversityIzmirTurkey
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