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Wang Y, Ke W, Gan J, Zhu H, Xie X, He G, Liu S, Huang Y, Tang H. MicroRNA-29b-3p promotes intestinal permeability in IBS-D via targeting TRAF3 to regulate the NF-κB-MLCK signaling pathway. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287597. [PMID: 37428806 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea (IBS-D) is characterized by increased intestinal permeability. Previous studies have shown that the microRNA-29 gene is involved in the regulation of intestinal permeability in patients with IBS-D. NF-κB was proved to play a key role in inflammatory response of intestine and resultant disruption of tight junction integrity, whose activity could be inhibited by TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3 (TRAF3). However, the exact mechanism that induces increased intestinal permeability in IBS-D patients has not been clarified. In this study, we found that microRNA-29b‑3p (miR-29b-3p) was significantly upregulated, while TRAF3 was decreased and the NF-κB-MLCK pathway was activated within the colonic tissue of IBS-D patients. Subsequently, we confirmed the targeting relationship between miR-29b-3p and TRAF3 through a double-luciferase reporter assay. Lentivirus transfection of NCM460 cells with miR-29b-3p-overexpressing and -silencing vectors demonstrated that the expression of TRAF3 was negatively correlated with the level of miR-29b-3p. The NF-κB/MLCK pathway was activated in the miR-29b-3p-overexpressing group and inhibited to some extent in the miR-29b-3p-silencing group. Results in WT and miR-29 knockout mice showed that miR-29b-3p levels were increased, TRAF3 levels were decreased, and the NF-κB/MLCK signaling was activated in the WT IBS-D group as compared with the WT control group. The protein levels of TRAF3 and TJs in the miR-29b-/- IBS-D group were partially recovered and NF-κB/MLCK pathway indicators were, to a certain extent, decreased as compared with the WT IBS-D group. These results suggested that miR-29b-3p deletion enhances the TRAF3 level in IBS-D mice and alleviates the high intestinal permeability. In brief, through the analysis of intestinal tissue samples from IBS-D patients and miR-29b-/- IBS-D mice, we showed that miR-29b-3p is involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal hyperpermeability in IBS-D via targeting TRAF3 to regulate the NF-κB-MLCK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfu Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Ke
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianfeng Gan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - He Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangyu Xie
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guodong He
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yusheng Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongmei Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Mehrzadi S, Sheibani M, Koosha F, Alinaghian N, Pourhanifeh MH, Tabaeian SAP, Reiter RJ, Hosseinzadeh A. Protective and therapeutic potential of melatonin against intestinal diseases: updated review of current data based on molecular mechanisms. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:1011-1029. [PMID: 37796746 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2267439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intestinal diseases, a leading global cause of mortality and morbidity, carry a substantial socioeconomic burden. Small and large intestines play pivotal roles in gastrointestinal physiology and food digestion. Pathological conditions, such as gut dysbiosis, inflammation, cancer, therapy-related complications, ulcers, and ischemia, necessitate the urgent exploration of safe and effective complementary therapeutic strategies for optimal intestinal health. AREAS COVERED This article evaluates the potential therapeutic effects of melatonin, a molecule with a wide range of physiological actions, on intestinal diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, colon cancer, gastric/duodenal ulcers and other intestinal disorders. EXPERT OPINION Due to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties as well as various biological actions, melatonin could be a therapeutic option for improving digestive disorders. However, more researches are needed to fully understand the potential benefits and risks of using melatonin for digestive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sheibani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Koosha
- Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Alinaghian
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhu N, Zhu L, Zhang X, Huang C, Xiang W, Huang B. Triptolide attenuates irritable bowel syndrome via inhibiting ODC1. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:202. [PMID: 37308808 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02847-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder of the gut-brain axis with significant morbidity. Triptolide, an active compound extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF), has been widely used as a major medicinal herb in the treatment of inflammatory disease. METHODS The chronic-acute combined stress (CAS) stimulation was used to establish IBS rat model. The model rats were then gavaged with triptolide. Forced swimming, marble-burying, fecal weight and abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) score were recorded. Pathologic changes in the ileal and colonic tissues were validated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The inflammatory cytokines and Ornithine Decarboxylase-1 (ODC1) in the ileal and colonic tissues were performed by ELISA and WB. RESULTS Triptolide didn't have antidepressant- and antianxiety- effects in rats caused by CAS, but decreased fecal weight and AWR score. In addition, Triptolide reduced the release of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α and the expression of ODC1 in the ileum and colon. CONCLUSION The therapeutic efficacy of triptolide for IBS induced by CAS was revealed in this study, which may be related to the reduction of ODC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People's Hospital), The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, No. 299 Guan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liuyan Zhu
- Department of General Practice, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People's Hospital), The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, No. 299 Guan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- Department of General Practice, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People's Hospital), The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, No. 299 Guan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengbin Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Xiang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People's Hospital), The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, No. 299 Guan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingwu Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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Yang F, Zhang S, Tian D, Zhou G, Tang X, Miao X, He Y, Yao X, Tang J. Deciphering chemical and metabolite profiling of Chang-Kang-Fang by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and its potential active components identification. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:459-480. [PMID: 37407177 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Chang-Kang-Fang (CKF) formula, a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prescription, has been widely used for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, its potential material basis and underlying mechanism remain elusive. Therefore, this study employed an integrated approach that combined ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) with network pharmacology to systematically characterize the phytochemical components and metabolites of CKF, as well as elucidating its underlying mechanism. Through this comprehensive analysis, a total of 150 components were identified or tentatively characterized within the CKF formula. Notably, six N-acetyldopamine oligomers from CicadaePeriostracum and eight resin glycosides from Cuscutae Semen were characterized in this formula for the first time. Meanwhile, 149 xenobiotics (58 prototypes and 91 metabolites) were detected in plasma, urine, feces, brain, and intestinal contents, and the in vivo metabolic pathways of resin glycosides were elaborated for the first time. Furthermore, network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses revealed that alkaloids, flavonoids, chromones, monoterpenes, N-acetyldopamine dimers, p-hydroxycinnamic acid, and Cus-3/isomer might be responsible for the beneficial effects of CKF in treating IBS, and CASP8, MARK14, PIK3C, PIK3R1, TLR4, and TNF may be its potential targets. These discoveries offer a comprehensive understanding of the potential material basis and clarify the underlying mechanism of the CKF formula in treating IBS, facilitating the broader application of CKF in the field of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengge Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Sihao Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Danmei Tian
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guirong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300410, China; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300410, China
| | - Xiyang Tang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xinglong Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300410, China; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300410, China
| | - Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300410, China; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300410, China.
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Jinshan Tang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drug Research/International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Mohan BP, Loganathan P, Khan SR, Garg G, Muthusamy A, Ponnada S, Pasam RT, Chandan S, Tuteja A. Fecal microbiota transplant delivered via invasive routes in irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Indian J Gastroenterol 2023; 42:315-323. [PMID: 37247177 PMCID: PMC10225764 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-023-01373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) results in significant loss of quality of life. Management guidelines do not recommend fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) for IBS based on weak evidence as refined data is lacking. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to ascertain the pooled clinical outcomes of FMT in IBS, delivered via invasive routes. METHODS Multiple databases were searched through January 2023 to identify studies that reported on FMT treatment in IBS by invasive routes. Standard meta-analysis methodology using the random-effects model was used. Heterogeneity was assessed by I2% and 95% predication interval. RESULTS Five studies were included. As many as 377 IBS patients were assessed, of which 238 received FMT and 139 received placebo. One study used nasojejunal tubes, one esophagogastroduodenoscopy and three colonoscopy for FMT delivery. FMT via colonoscopy was performed as a one-time procedure instilled into the cecum. Two studies used 30 g of stool from a single universal donor and one study used 50-80 g of pooled donor feces. The pooled odds ratio of improvement in IBS symptoms with FMT was significantly better as compared to that of placebo OR = 2.9 (95% CI [1.6-5.2, I2 = 62%, p < 0.001]). This was true for studies that exclusively used colonoscopy (OR = 2.1 [1.1-4.2, p = 0.04]). In the FMT arm, 10 patients (10.6%) reported abdomen pain and worsening of symptoms with bloating and six patients (6.3%) reported diarrhea. CONCLUSION FMT delivered via invasive routes, especially colonoscopy, demonstrated significant improvement in IBS symptoms. A single FMT consisting of 30 g or more of single universal donor feces instilled into the cecum is the predominant modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babu P Mohan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Utah Health School of Medicine, 30 N 1900 E SOM 4R118, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
| | | | - Shahab R Khan
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gauri Garg
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Utah Health School of Medicine, 30 N 1900 E SOM 4R118, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | | | - Suresh Ponnada
- Internal Medicine, Carilion Roanoke Medical Center, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | | | - Saurabh Chandan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, CHI Creighton School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ashok Tuteja
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Utah Health School of Medicine, 30 N 1900 E SOM 4R118, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
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Fogelson KA, Dorrestein PC, Zarrinpar A, Knight R. The Gut Microbial Bile Acid Modulation and Its Relevance to Digestive Health and Diseases. Gastroenterology 2023; 164:1069-1085. [PMID: 36841488 PMCID: PMC10205675 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The human gut microbiome has been linked to numerous digestive disorders, but its metabolic products have been much less well characterized, in part due to the expense of untargeted metabolomics and lack of ability to process the data. In this review, we focused on the rapidly expanding information about the bile acid repertoire produced by the gut microbiome, including the impacts of bile acids on a wide range of host physiological processes and diseases, and discussed the role of short-chain fatty acids and other important gut microbiome-derived metabolites. Of particular note is the action of gut microbiome-derived metabolites throughout the body, which impact processes ranging from obesity to aging to disorders traditionally thought of as diseases of the nervous system, but that are now recognized as being strongly influenced by the gut microbiome and the metabolites it produces. We also highlighted the emerging role for modifying the gut microbiome to improve health or to treat disease, including the "engineered native bacteria'' approach that takes bacterial strains from a patient, modifies them to alter metabolism, and reintroduces them. Taken together, study of the metabolites derived from the gut microbiome provided insights into a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological processes, and has substantial potential for new approaches to diagnostics and therapeutics of disease of, or involving, the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Fogelson
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.
| | - Amir Zarrinpar
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Division of Gastroenterology, Jennifer Moreno Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, California; Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Institute of Diabetes and Metabolic Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.
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Yang Q, Zhao Y, Zhao X, Sun S, Chen Y, Chen J, Zou D, Zhang L. Exploring the potential targets of Biling Weitong Granules on visceral hypersensitivity through integration of network pharmacology and in vivo analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023:116701. [PMID: 37257703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Biling Weitong Granules(BLWTG) are a newly developed traditional Chinese medicine prescription based on the ancient prescription Jinlingzi San and Zuojin Wan. It is used for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) featured as visceral hypersensitivity(VH). However, its active ingredients and protein targets involved still remain unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the potential targets of BLWTG for the treatment of visceral hypersensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Active components and their protein targets of BLWTG were screened from TCMSP database and the component-target network were constructed with Cytoscape software. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was the representative disease in this study and information on its linked pathways was obtained from NCBI, Drugbank and Genecard. Target pathways of BLWTG were analyzed through KEGG to verify the correlation with IBS related pathways.Then, the VH mouse models was induced by maternal separation(MS), randomly divided into normal saline(NS),BLWTG1(low-dosage) and BLWTG2(high-dosage) group. After intervention, threshold intensity of colorectal distension (CRD) and body weight were measured to evaluate relief of IBS symptoms. Elisa was performed to evaluate 5-HT concentration changes of colon tissues. Flow cytometry was performed to assess changes of colon eosinophils and mast cells proportion. Transcriptome sequencing was employed to analyze changes of pathways and differential genes. RESULTS 199 protein targets and 132 active components of BLWTG were identified. KEGG analysis revealed the overlap between BLWTG target pathways and IBS related pathways such as neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, tryptophan metabolism and inflammatory reaction. 34 genes were not only BLWTG target proteins but also recognized targets for treating IBS. After maternal separation(MS), the mice showed a significant decrease in threshold intensity of CRD, a progressive decrease in body weight and an increase of 5-HT concentration of colon tissue. The proportion of mast cells and eosinophils in the colon increased. Differential genes including Hp,Ido1 and Aqp7 were significantly increased in MS mice group and IBS-related pathways were upregulated. After treatment of BLWTG, threshold intensity of CRD and body weight were significantly improved and IBS related pathways were downregulated. In addition, among BLWTG protein targets, Il1b,Tnf,Adrb1 and Nos2 were found upregulated in MS + NS mice and downregulated after BLWTG intervention through combination of transcriptome sequencing. CONCLUSIONS In maternal separation-induced mouse models, BLWTG could alleviate visceral hypersensitivity, possibly through downregulation of 5-HT concentration and eosinophils and mast cells proportion in colon and critical pathways such as neuroactive ligand-receptor pathway. Potential targets of BLWTG including Il1b,Tnf,Adrb1 and Nos2 were found through integration of network pharmacology database and transcriptome sequencing, providing evidence for further study on mechanisms underlying visceral hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidi Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Yizhou Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Sishen Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Yifei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Jiayin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Duowu Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.197, Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Vashkevich K, Janiuk K, Maleki N. A model for irritable bowel syndrome and anxiety comorbidities in relation to alcohol use disorders. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1161130. [PMID: 37293305 PMCID: PMC10244726 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1161130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
About 95% of human body serotonin synthesis occurs in the gastrointestinal tract (GI). Lack of sufficient serotonin levels is thought to play a key role in mood disorders, including anxiety disorders. In this study, we looked at a disorder affecting the GI tract, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and aimed to determine whether IBS is differentially associated with anxiety disorders in 252 chronic pain patients in the presence of a history of alcohol use disorders (AUD) given that alcohol is an extremely aggressive substance for the GI mucosa. We found that while the prevalence of IBS was not affected by the presence of AUD in chronic pain patients, IBS had significantly higher comorbidity with anxiety disorders in chronic pain patients with comorbid alcohol use disorders. We argue that these findings highlight mechanistic differences in the comorbidity of anxiety disorders with chronic pain and AUD, implicating a central role for GI problems stemming from chronic alcohol use. The findings may have important implications for the treatment of IBS patients with AUD who commonly present with anxiety disorders which could motivate the continuation of problematic drinking and impede recovery success. We propose that addressing GI problems in patients with AUD may help manage AUD and recovery more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsiaryna Vashkevich
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kathryn Janiuk
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nasim Maleki
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Psychology Research Service, VA Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States
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Goodoory VC, Ford AC. Antibiotics and Probiotics for Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Drugs 2023; 83:687-699. [PMID: 37184752 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-023-01871-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder of a gut-brain interaction characterised by abdominal pain and a change in stool form or frequency. Current symptom-based definitions and the classification of IBS promote heterogeneity amongst patients, meaning that there may be several different pathophysiological abnormalities leading to similar symptoms. Although our understanding of IBS is incomplete, there are several indicators that the microbiome may be involved in a subset of patients. Techniques including a faecal sample analysis, colonic biopsies, duodenal aspirates or surrogate markers, such as breath testing, have been used to examine the gut microbiota in individuals with IBS. Because of a lack of a clear definition of what constitutes a healthy gut microbiota, and the fact that alterations in gut microbiota have only been shown to be associated with IBS, a causal relationship is yet to be established. We discuss several hypotheses as to how dysbiosis may be responsible for IBS symptoms, as well as potential treatment strategies. We review the current evidence for the use of antibiotics and probiotics to alter the microbiome in an attempt to improve IBS symptoms. Rifaximin, a non-absorbable antibiotic, is the most studied antibiotic and has now been licensed for use in IBS with diarrhoea in the USA, but the drug remains unavailable in many countries for this indication. Current evidence also suggests that certain probiotics, including Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 9843 and Bifidobacterium bifidum MIMBb75, may be efficacious in some patients with IBS. Finally, we describe the future challenges facing us in our attempt to modulate the microbiome to treat IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek C Goodoory
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Room 125, 4th Floor, Bexley Wing, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Alexander C Ford
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
- Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Room 125, 4th Floor, Bexley Wing, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
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Tomita T, Fukui H, Okugawa T, Nakanishi T, Mieno M, Nakai K, Eda H, Kitayama Y, Oshima T, Shinzaki S, Miwa H. Effect of Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 on the Intestinal Environment and Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-D)-like Symptoms in Patients with Quiescent Crohn's Disease: A Prospective Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103368. [PMID: 37240476 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D)-like symptoms are distressing for patients with quiescent Crohn's disease (qCD) and worsen their quality of life. In the present study, we assessed the effect of the probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 (BBG9-1) on the intestinal environment and clinical features in patients with qCD. Eleven patients with qCD, who met the Rome III diagnostic criteria for IBS-D, received BBG9-1 (24 mg) orally three times daily for 4 weeks. Indices of the intestinal environment (fecal calprotectin level and gut microbiome) and clinical features (CD/IBS-related symptoms, quality of life and stool irregularities) were evaluated before and after treatment. Treatment with BBG9-1 tended to reduce the IBS severity index in the studied patients (p = 0.07). Among gastrointestinal symptoms, abdominal pain and dyspepsia tended to be improved by the BBG9-1 treatment (p = 0.07 and p = 0.07, respectively), and IBD-related QOL showed a significant improvement (p = 0.007). With regard to mental status, the patient anxiety score was significantly lower at the endpoint of BBG9-1 treatment than at the baseline (p = 0.03). Although BBG9-1 treatment did not affect the fecal calprotectin level, it suppressed the serum MCP-1 level significantly and increased the abundance of intestinal Bacteroides in the study patients. The probiotic BBG9-1 is able to improve IBD-related QOL with a reduction of anxiety score in patients with quiescent CD and IBS-D-like symptoms.
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Grants
- 21K08016 Grants-in-aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- 18K07986 Grants-in-aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
- 20210115 Fund from Biofermin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kobe, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Tomita
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Fukui
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Takuya Okugawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakanishi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Mieno
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Eda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kitayama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Tadayuki Oshima
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Shinzaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroto Miwa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
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Zhang F, Lau RI, Liu Q, Su Q, Chan FKL, Ng SC. Gut microbiota in COVID-19: key microbial changes, potential mechanisms and clinical applications. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:323-337. [PMID: 36271144 PMCID: PMC9589856 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00698-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is involved in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The gut microbiota has important roles in viral entry receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression, immune homeostasis, and crosstalk between the gut and lungs, the 'gut-lung axis'. Emerging preclinical and clinical studies indicate that the gut microbiota might contribute to COVID-19 pathogenesis and disease outcomes; SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with altered intestinal microbiota and correlated with inflammatory and immune responses. Here, we discuss the cutting-edge evidence on the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the gut microbiota, key microbial changes in relation to COVID-19 severity and host immune dysregulations with the possible underlying mechanisms, and the conceivable consequences of the pandemic on the human microbiome and post-pandemic health. Finally, potential modulatory strategies of the gut microbiota are discussed. These insights could shed light on the development of microbiota-based interventions for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Raphaela I Lau
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Qin Liu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Qi Su
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
- State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China.
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China.
- State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong S.A.R., China.
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Ermolenko E, Sitkin S, Vakhitov T, Solovyeva O, Karaseva A, Morozova A, Kotyleva M, Shumikhina I, Lavrenova N, Demyanova E, Dmitriev A, Suvorov A. Evaluation of the effectiveness of personalised therapy for the patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Benef Microbes 2023; 14:119-130. [PMID: 36970947 DOI: 10.3920/bm2022.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota correction in the therapy of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is an important medical problem. We conducted a laboratory and pilot clinical trial to investigate the effect of autoprobiotic bacteria, indigenous bifidobacteria and enterococci isolated from faeces and grown on artificial media to use as personified food additives in IBS treatment. Convincing evidence of the clinical efficacy of autoprobiotic was demonstrated by the disappearance of dyspeptic symptoms. The microbiome of patients with IBS was compared to a group of healthy volunteers and changes in the microbiome after autoprobiotic use were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and 16S rRNA metagenome analysis. The possibility of reducing opportunistic microorganisms in the treatment of IBS with autoprobiotics has been convincingly proven. The quantitative content of enterococci in the intestinal microbiota was higher in IBS patients than in healthy volunteers and increased after therapy. An increase in the relative abundance of genera Coprococcus, Blautia and a decrease in the relative abundance of Paraprevotella spp. were found at the end of therapy. A metabolome study which was performed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry demonstrated an increase in the content of oxalic acid, a decrease of dodecanoate, lauric acid, and other metabolome components after taking autoprobiotics. Some of these parameters correlated with the relative abundances of Paraprevotella spp., Enterococcus spp., and Coprococcus spp. representative of the microbiome. Apparently, they reflected the peculiarities of metabolic compensation and changes in the microbiota. Therefore, the use of autoprobiotics for treatment of IBS may lead to a stable positive clinical effect, associated with compensatory changes in the intestinal microbiota, and accompanied by corresponding changes in metabolic processes in the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ermolenko
- Scientific and Educational Center 'Molecular Bases of Interaction of Microorganisms and Human' of the World-Class Research Center 'Center for Personalized Medicine', Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - S Sitkin
- Scientific and Educational Center 'Molecular Bases of Interaction of Microorganisms and Human' of the World-Class Research Center 'Center for Personalized Medicine', Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Internal Diseases, Clinical Pharmacology and Nephrology, North-Western State Medical University Named after I.I. Mechnikov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 195067 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - T Vakhitov
- Scientific and Educational Center 'Molecular Bases of Interaction of Microorganisms and Human' of the World-Class Research Center 'Center for Personalized Medicine', Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - O Solovyeva
- Department of Internal Diseases, Clinical Pharmacology and Nephrology, North-Western State Medical University Named after I.I. Mechnikov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 195067 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Karaseva
- Scientific and Educational Center 'Molecular Bases of Interaction of Microorganisms and Human' of the World-Class Research Center 'Center for Personalized Medicine', Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Morozova
- Scientific and Educational Center 'Molecular Bases of Interaction of Microorganisms and Human' of the World-Class Research Center 'Center for Personalized Medicine', Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - M Kotyleva
- Scientific and Educational Center 'Molecular Bases of Interaction of Microorganisms and Human' of the World-Class Research Center 'Center for Personalized Medicine', Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - I Shumikhina
- Department of Internal Diseases, Clinical Pharmacology and Nephrology, North-Western State Medical University Named after I.I. Mechnikov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 195067 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - N Lavrenova
- Scientific and Educational Center 'Molecular Bases of Interaction of Microorganisms and Human' of the World-Class Research Center 'Center for Personalized Medicine', Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - E Demyanova
- Scientific and Educational Center 'Molecular Bases of Interaction of Microorganisms and Human' of the World-Class Research Center 'Center for Personalized Medicine', Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Dmitriev
- Scientific and Educational Center 'Molecular Bases of Interaction of Microorganisms and Human' of the World-Class Research Center 'Center for Personalized Medicine', Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Suvorov
- Scientific and Educational Center 'Molecular Bases of Interaction of Microorganisms and Human' of the World-Class Research Center 'Center for Personalized Medicine', Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Yamamoto R, Yamamoto A, Masaoka T, Homma K, Matsuoka T, Takemura R, Wada M, Sasaki J. Early symptoms preceding post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome following COVID-19: a retrospective observational study incorporating daily gastrointestinal symptoms. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:108. [PMID: 37020263 PMCID: PMC10075174 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02746-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal microinflammation with immune dysfunction due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reportedly precipitates post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome. This study aimed to elucidate potential risk factors for subsequent development of irritable bowel syndrome, hypothesizing that it is associated with specific symptoms or patient backgrounds. METHODS This single-center retrospective observational study (2020-2021) included adults with confirmed coronavirus disease requiring hospital admission and was conducted using real-world data retrieved from a hospital information system. Patient characteristics and detailed gastrointestinal symptoms were obtained and compared between patients with and without coronavirus disease-induced irritable bowel syndrome. Multivariate logistic models were used to validate the risk of developing irritable bowel syndrome. Moreover, daily gastrointestinal symptoms during hospitalization were examined in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. RESULTS Among the 571 eligible patients, 12 (2.1%) were diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome following coronavirus disease. While nausea and diarrhea during hospitalization, elevated white blood cell count on admission, and intensive care unit admission were associated with the development of irritable bowel syndrome, nausea and diarrhea were identified as risk factors for its development following coronavirus disease, as revealed by the adjusted analyses (odds ratio, 4.00 [1.01-15.84] and 5.64 [1.21-26.31], respectively). Half of the patients with irritable bowel syndrome had both diarrhea and constipation until discharge, and constipation was frequently followed by diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS While irritable bowel syndrome was rarely diagnosed following coronavirus disease, nausea and diarrhea during hospitalization precede the early signs of irritable bowel syndrome following coronavirus disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yamamoto
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Yamamoto
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Masaoka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Homma
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsuoka
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Takemura
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michihiko Wada
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Sasaki
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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64
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Rokkas T, Hold GL. A systematic review, pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials exploring the role of fecal microbiota transplantation in irritable bowel syndrome. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 35:471-479. [PMID: 36719820 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment is a challenge in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has attracted significant interest. Network meta-analysis (NWM) has been established as an evidence-synthesis tool that incorporates direct and indirect evidence in a collection of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing therapeutic intervention competing for similar therapeutic results. No NWM exists concerning the comparative effectiveness and safety of various FMT modalities for IBS. AIM We updated pairwise meta-analyses published in the past and assessed the comparative effectiveness and safety of various FMT delivery modalities for IBS. METHODS Pairwise meta-analyses and Bayesian NWM were performed. Heterogeneity, consistency of results and publication bias were explored. RESULTS Of 510 titles raised by initial search, seven RCTs were entered into meta-analyses and NWM. They included 470 patients and controls, in whom four FMT delivery modalities were used, that is via colonoscopy, nasojejunal tube, duodenoscope and capsules per os. In the pairwise meta-analysis, the pooled results showed that overall FMT was not superior to placebo, whereas the subgroup analyses showed that FMT via duodenoscope and nasojejunal tube was superior. The NWM showed that 60-g FMT via duodenoscope had the highest efficacy (OR, 26.38; 95% CI, 9.22-75.51) and was by far the highest in the efficacy ranking (SUCRA, 98.8%). CONCLUSION The pooled results showed no overall advantage of FMT over placebo in IBS. However, upper GI delivery (via duodenoscopy or nasojejunal tube) proved to be effective. Consequently, well-designed RCTs are needed to ensure the efficacy and safety profile before FMT can be applied in everyday clinical practice for IBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Rokkas
- Gastroenterology Clinic, Henry Dunant Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Medical School, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Georgina L Hold
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George & Sutherland Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kogarah, Australia
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Hong G, Li Y, Yang M, Li G, Jin Y, Xiong H, Qian W, Hou X. Baseline gut microbial profiles are associated with the efficacy of Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium in IBS-D. Scand J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:339-348. [PMID: 36281578 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2022.2136013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about association between the efficacy of probiotics and baseline gut microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We aimed to explore gut microbiota in diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and whether baseline gut microbiota was related to the efficacy of Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium (BE). METHODS This study recruited 19 healthy controls (HC) and 50 IBS-D patients, among whom 19 patients were administrated 500 mg BE orally three times daily for 2 weeks. Clinical data and fecal samples were collected from patients before and after treatment. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to obtain fecal bacterial data. RESULTS There was no significant difference of alpha diversity, beta diversity, profiles of microbial phyla and genera between HC and IBS. BE improved IBS-SSS (IBS severity scoring system) and stool consistency, and altered Enterococcus, Blautia, Lachnoclostridium and Fusobacterium without significant impact on microbial structure in IBS-D. Notably, baseline fecal bacterial composition differed between non-responders and responders to BE concerning abdominal pain and bloating, with Atopobium, Pyramidobacter, Ruminococcus gnavus and Peptostreptococcus enriched in responders in terms of abdominal pain. There was reduced abundance of Prevotella, Ruminococcaceae UCG, Eubacterium eligens, Faecalibacterium and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes in responders compared with non-responders. Furthermore, BE increased beneficial bacteria including Faecalibacterium, Blautia and Butyricicoccus, decreased Lachnoclostridium and Bilophila, and influenced some microbial metabolic pathways in responders, such as mineral absorption, metabolism of arachidonic acid, d-arginine, D-ornithine, phenylalanine and vitamin B6. CONCLUSION Baseline fecal microbiome is associated with the efficacy of BE in attenuating abdominal pain and bloating in IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaichao Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gangping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanhua Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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66
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Shin A, Xu H, Imperiale TF. The Prevalence, Humanistic Burden, and Health Care Impact of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Among United States Veterans. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 21:1061-1069.e1. [PMID: 35964894 PMCID: PMC9918609 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in veterans is understudied. This study sought to investigate (1) prevalence of IBS; (2) phenotypic, environmental, and psychosocial factors associated with IBS; and (3) associations of IBS with health-related quality of life and health care use. METHODS From June 2018 to April 2020, we invited veterans to complete the Rome IV IBS questionnaire; Short Form-12; posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) checklist; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; and questionnaires on general health, antibiotic use, infectious enteritis (IE), and health care use. RESULTS Among 858 veteran respondents, 244 (28.4%) met Rome IV IBS criteria (47.5% IBS with diarrhea, 16.8% IBS with constipation, 33.6% mixed IBS). IBS was associated with greater anxiety and depression and lower quality of life (all P < .001). Provisional PTSD, IE, and bowel problems after antibiotics were more common in IBS (all P < .001) as were multiple doctor visits (P < .01) and hospitalizations (P = .04). Comparisons across non-IBS and IBS subgroups revealed overall associations of psychological comorbidities (P < .01), multiple doctor visits (P < .01), hospitalizations (P = .03), IE (P < .01), and bowel problems after IE (P = .03) or antibiotics (P < .01) with subgroup. Highest anxiety and depression scores, PTSD, multiple doctor visits, hospitalizations, and bowel problems after IE were observed in IBS with constipation. In adjusted analyses, IBS was associated (all P < .001) with anxiety (odds ratio [OR], 3.47), depression (OR, 2.88), lower quality of life, PTSD (OR, 3.09), IE (OR, 4.44), bowel problems after antibiotics (OR, 1.84), multiple doctor visits (OR, 2.08), and hospitalizations (OR, 1.78). CONCLUSIONS IBS is prevalent among veterans and has a measurable impact on individuals and health care resources. Veterans with IBS may experience significant psychological impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Shin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
| | - Huiping Xu
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Thomas F Imperiale
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Rosa CD, Altomare A, Terrigno V, Carbone F, Tack J, Cicala M, Guarino MPL. Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-C): Effects of Different Nutritional Patterns on Intestinal Dysbiosis and Symptoms. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071647. [PMID: 37049488 PMCID: PMC10096616 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain associated with defecation or a change in bowel habits. The pathogenesis of IBS is not completely clear, but it is known to be multifactorial and complex. Endogenous and exogenous factors such as abnormal GI motility, low-grade inflammation, increased epithelial permeability and visceral hypersensitivity, but diet and psychosocial aspects are also recognized as important actors. Furthermore, the interaction between diet and gut microbiota has gained interest as a potential contributor to the pathophysiology of IBS. To date, there is no specific diet for IBS with constipation (IBS-C); however, many studies show that fiber intake, especially soluble fiber such as inulin, could have a positive effect on symptoms. This review aims to evaluate the effects of some nutritional components such as fibers but also functional foods, prebiotics, probiotics and symbiotics on symptoms and microbiota in IBS-C subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Di Rosa
- Research Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy; (C.D.R.)
| | - Annamaria Altomare
- Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Vittoria Terrigno
- Research Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy; (C.D.R.)
| | - Florencia Carbone
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Tack
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michele Cicala
- Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Michele Pier Luca Guarino
- Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128 Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
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Goodoory VC, Ng CE, Black CJ, Ford AC. Prevalence and impact of faecal incontinence among individuals with Rome IV irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2023; 57:1083-1092. [PMID: 36914979 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about faecal incontinence (FI) in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). AIMS To compare characteristics of people with IBS reporting FI, compared with people with IBS who do not report FI. METHODS We collected demographic, gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms, healthcare usage, direct healthcare costs, impact on work and activities of daily living, and quality of life data from individuals with Rome IV-defined IBS. We asked participants about FI, assigning presence or absence according to Rome-IV criteria. RESULTS Of 752 participants with Rome IV IBS, 202 (26.9%) met Rome IV criteria for FI. Individuals with FI were older (p < 0.001), more likely to have IBS-D (47.0% vs. 39.0%, p = 0.008), and less likely to have attained a university or postgraduate level of education (31.2% vs. 45.6%, p < 0.001), or to have an annual income of ≥£30,000 (18.2% vs. 32.9%, p < 0.001). They were more likely to report urgency (44.6% vs. 19.1%, p < 0.001) as their most troublesome symptom and a greater proportion had severe IBS symptom scores, abnormal depression scores, higher somatic symptom-reporting scores or higher gastrointestinal symptom-specific anxiety scores (p < 0.01 for trend for all analyses). Mean health-related quality of life scores were significantly lower among those with, compared with those without, FI (p < 0.001). Finally, FI was associated with higher IBS-related direct healthcare costs (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Among individuals with Rome IV IBS, one-in-four repo rted FI according to Rome IV criteria. Physicians should ask patients with IBS about FI routinely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek C Goodoory
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Cho E Ng
- County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust, Durham, UK
| | - Christopher J Black
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Alexander C Ford
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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69
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Wu L, Gao L, Jin X, Chen Z, Qiao X, Cui X, Gao J, Zhang L. Ethanol Extract of Mao Jian Green Tea Attenuates Gastrointestinal Symptoms in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation via the 5-hydroxytryptamine Signaling Pathway. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051101. [PMID: 36900618 PMCID: PMC10000491 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, we demonstrated that the hydro extract of Mao Jian Green Tea (MJGT) promotes gastrointestinal motility. In this study, the effect of MJGT ethanol extract (MJGT_EE) in treating irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) in a rat model constructed via maternal separation combined with an ice water stimulation was investigated. First, a successful model construction was confirmed through the determination of the fecal water content (FWC) and the smallest colorectal distension (CRD) volume. Then, the overall regulatory effects of MJGT_EE on the gastrointestinal tract were preliminarily evaluated through gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion tests. Our findings indicated that MJGT_EE significantly increased FWC (p < 0.01) and the smallest CRD volume (p < 0.05) and promoted gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion (p < 0.01). Furthermore, mechanistically, MJGT_EE reduced intestinal sensitivity by regulating the expression of proteins related to the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) pathway. More specifically, it decreased tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) expression (p < 0.05) and increased serotonin transporter (SERT) expression (p < 0.05), thereby decreasing 5-HT secretion (p < 0.01), activating the calmodulin (CaM)/myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) pathway, and increasing 5-HT4 receptor (5-HT4R) expression (p < 0.05). Moreover, MJGT_EE enhanced the diversity of gut microbiota, increased the proportion of beneficial bacteria, and regulated the number of 5-HT-related bacteria. Flavonoids may play the role of being active ingredients in MJGT_EE. These findings suggest that MJGT_EE could serve as a potential therapeutic pathway for IBS-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Liming Gao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xiang Jin
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhikang Chen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xutong Qiao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xiting Cui
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Jianhua Gao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Correspondence: (J.G.); (L.Z.)
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Correspondence: (J.G.); (L.Z.)
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70
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Wang Z, Peng Y, Chen M, Peng L, Huang Y, Lin W. The Prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Their Association: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051865. [PMID: 36902651 PMCID: PMC10003507 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Investigate the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and assess the association between IBS and SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS A systematic literature search for PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library was performed to identify all reports published before 31 December 2022. The confidence interval (CI), estimation effect (ES) of prevalence, and risk ratios (RR) were calculated to evaluate the prevalence of IBS after SARS-CoV-2 infection and their association. Individual results were pooled by the random-effects (RE) model. Subgroup analyses conducted a further investigation of the results. We employed funnel plots, Egger's test, and Begg's test to evaluate publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was performed for the assessment of the robustness of the result. RESULTS The data on IBS prevalence after SARS-CoV-2 infection were extracted from two cross-sectional studies and ten longitudinal studies from nineteen countries with 3950 individuals. The IBS prevalence after SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from 3% to 91% in different countries, and the overall pooled prevalence of IBS following SARS-CoV-2 infection is 15% (ES: 0.15; 95% CI, 0.11-0.20; p = 0.000). The data on the association between IBS and SARS-CoV-2 infection were extracted from six cohort studies from fifteen countries with 3595 individuals. The risk of IBS increased following SARS-CoV-2 infection but was not significant (RR: 1.82; 95% CI, 0.90-3.69; p = 0.096). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the overall pooled prevalence of IBS following SARS-CoV-2 infection was 15%, and SARS-CoV-2 infection increased the overall risk of IBS but was not statistically significant. Further extra high-quality epidemiological evidence and studies to clarify the underlying mechanism of IBS following SARS-CoV-2 infection are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- The First Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yinglong Peng
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Minshan Chen
- The First Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Yongzhen Huang
- First Clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wei Lin
- School of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
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71
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Hu C, Yan C, Wu Y, Tao E, Guo R, Zhu Z, Chen X, Fang M, Jiang M. Low FODMAP Diet Relieves Visceral Hypersensitivity and Is Associated with Changes in Colonic Microcirculation in Water Avoidance Mice Model. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051155. [PMID: 36904154 PMCID: PMC10004816 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a global public health problem, the pathogenesis of which has not been fully explored. Limiting fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) can relieve symptoms in some patients with IBS. Studies have shown that normal microcirculation perfusion is necessary to maintain the primary function of the gastrointestinal system. Here, we hypothesized that IBS pathogenesis might be related to abnormalities in colonic microcirculation. A low-FODMAP diet could alleviate visceral hypersensitivity (VH) by improving colonic microcirculation; (2) Methods: C57BL/6 mice were raised to establish an IBS-like rodent model using water avoidance (WA) stress or SHAM-WA as a control, one hour per day for ten days. The mice in the WA group were administered different levels of the FODMAP diet: 2.1% regular FODMAP (WA-RF), 10% high FODMAP diet (WA-HF), 5% medium FODMAP diet (WA-MF), and 0% low FODMAP diet (WA-LF) for the following 14 days. The body weight and food consumption of the mice were recorded. Visceral sensitivity was measured as colorectal distention (CRD) using the abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) score. Colonic microcirculation was assessed using laser speckle contrast imaging (LCSI). Vascular endothelial-derived growth factor (VEGF) was detected using immunofluorescence staining; (3) Results: The threshold values of CRD pressure in the WA-RF, WA-HF, and WA-MF groups were significantly lower than those in the SHAM-WA group. Moreover, we observed that colonic microcirculation perfusion decreased, and the expression of VEGF protein increased in these three groups of mice. Interestingly, a low-FODMAP dietary intervention could reverse this situation. Specifically, a low-FODMAP diet increased colonic microcirculation perfusion, reduced VEGF protein expression in mice, and increased the threshold of VH. There was a significant positive correlation between colonic microcirculation and threshold for VH; (4) Conclusions: These results demonstrate that a low-FODMAP diet can alter VH by affecting colonic microcirculation. Changes in intestinal microcirculation may be related to VEGF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenmin Hu
- Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Chenxi Yan
- Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Enfu Tao
- Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Zhenya Zhu
- Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Institute of System Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (M.J.)
| | - Mizu Jiang
- Endoscopy Center and Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (M.J.)
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72
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Chen H, Ou R, Tang N, Su W, Yang R, Yu X, Zhang G, Jiao J, Zhou X. Alternation of the gut microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome: an integrated analysis based on multicenter amplicon sequencing data. J Transl Med 2023; 21:117. [PMID: 36774467 PMCID: PMC9921069 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03953-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut dysbacteriosis has been reported as one of the etiologies for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, the association between gut microbiota and IBS is still inconclusive. METHOD A paired-sample study was designed by retrieving original multicenter 16 s-rRNA data of IBS patients and healthy controls from the GMrepo database. The propensity score matching (PSM) algorithm was applied to reduce confounding bias. The differential analysis of microbiota composition was performed at different taxonomic levels. The co-occurrence network was established. Subgroup analysis was performed to identify specific microbial compositions in different IBS subtypes. RESULTS A total of 1522 amplicon samples were initially enrolled. After PSM, 708 individuals (354 IBS and 354 healthy controls) were eligible for further analysis. A total of 1,160 genera were identified. We identified significantly changed taxa in IBS groups (IBS-enriched: the families Enterobacteriaceae, Moraxellaceae and Sphingobacteriaceae; the genera Streptococcus, Bacillus, Enterocloster, Sphingobacterium, Holdemania and Acinetobacter. IBS-depleted: the phyla Firmicutes, Euryarchaeota, Cyanobacteria, Acidobacteria and Lentisphaerae; the families Bifidobacteriaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Methanobacteriaceae and the other 25 families; the genera Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium and other 68 genera). The co-occurrence network identified three hub genera and six hub species (including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) that may be involved in IBS pathophysiology. Strong positive interactions were identified among the Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium breve and Bifidobacterium adolescentis in the Bifidobacterium community. CONCLUSION This study provides quantitative analysis and visualization of the interaction between the gut microbiota and IBS. The identification of key species should be further validated to evaluate their causal relationships with the pathogenesis of IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Ou
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinhu County People’s Hospital, Huaian, China
| | - Nana Tang
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Su
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruoyun Yang
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Yu
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 People’s Republic of China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhua Jiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China. .,The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China. .,The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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73
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Goodoory VC, Guthrie EA, Ng CE, Black CJ, Ford AC. Factors associated with lower disease-specific and generic health-related quality of life in Rome IV irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2023; 57:323-334. [PMID: 36544055 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about associations with reduced quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or impact of IBS on quality of life compared with other chronic conditions. METHODS We collected demographic, gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms, healthcare usage, direct healthcare costs, impact on work and activities of daily living data from 752 individuals with Rome IV-defined IBS. We used the irritable bowel syndrome quality of life (IBS-QOL) and the EQ-5D-5L questionnaires to examine characteristics associated with lower quality of life. RESULTS The mean IBS-QOL among all 752 individuals with Rome IV IBS was 48.4 (SD 22.3) and the mean EQ-5D score was 0.570 (SD 0.283), the latter being comparable to people with stroke, leg ulcers or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lower levels of both disease-specific and generic quality of life were associated with severe IBS symptom scores, abnormal anxiety or depression scores, and higher somatoform symptom-reporting and gastrointestinal symptom-specific anxiety scores (p < 0.001 for all analyses). Those with lower quality of life had significantly higher healthcare usage and direct healthcare costs and more impairment in work and activities of daily living (p < 0.01 for all analyses). Avoidance of alcohol, lower educational level, abnormal anxiety, depression or somatoform symptom-reporting scores, and impairment in social leisure activities, home management or maintaining close relationships were all independently associated with lower quality of life. CONCLUSION IBS has a substantial impact on the quality of life of those affected, and worse than observed in some severe chronic organic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek C Goodoory
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Cho E Ng
- County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust, Durham, UK
| | - Christopher J Black
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Alexander C Ford
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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74
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Donoso F, Cryan JF, Olavarría-Ramírez L, Nolan YM, Clarke G. Inflammation, Lifestyle Factors, and the Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis: Relevance to Depression and Antidepressant Action. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2023; 113:246-259. [PMID: 35278334 PMCID: PMC10084001 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Depression is considered a major public health concern, where existing pharmacological treatments are not equally effective across all patients. The pathogenesis of depression involves the interaction of complex biological components, such as the immune system and the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Adjunctive lifestyle-oriented approaches for depression, including physical exercise and special diets are promising therapeutic options when combined with traditional antidepressants. However, the mechanisms of action of these strategies are incompletely understood. Accumulating evidence suggests that physical exercise and specific dietary regimens can modulate both the immune system and gut microbiota composition. Here, we review the current information about the strategies to alleviate depression and their crosstalk with both inflammatory mechanisms and the gut microbiome. We further discuss the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis as a possible mediator for the adjunctive therapies for depression through inflammatory mechanisms. Finally, we review existing and future adjunctive strategies to manipulate the gut microbiota with potential use for depression, including physical exercise, dietary interventions, prebiotics/probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Donoso
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Yvonne M Nolan
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard Clarke
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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75
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Tomita T, Fukui H, Morishita D, Maeda A, Makizaki Y, Tanaka Y, Ohno H, Oshima T, Miwa H. Diarrhea-predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome-like Symptoms in Patients With Quiescent Crohn's Disease: Comprehensive Analysis of Clinical Features and Intestinal Environment Including the Gut Microbiome, Organic Acids, and Intestinal Permeability. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 29:102-112. [PMID: 36606441 PMCID: PMC9837540 DOI: 10.5056/jnm22027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D)-like symptoms frequently occur in patients with quiescent Crohn's disease (CD). To investigate the factors underlying IBS-D-like symptoms in patients with quiescent CD, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the clinical features and intestinal environment in those patients. Methods We performed a prospective observational study of 27 patients with quiescent CD (CD activity index [CDAI] ≤ 150; C-reactive protein ≤ 0.3 mg/dL). The presence and severity of IBS-D-like symptoms, health-related quality of life, disease-specific quality of life, and status of depression and anxiety were evaluated. The level of intestinal permeability, fecal calprotectin and organic acids and the profiles of gut microbiome were analyzed. Results Twelve of the 27 patients with quiescent CD (44.4%) had IBS-like symptoms, and these patients showed a significantly higher CDAI, IBS severity index and anxiety score than those without. The inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire score was significantly lower in the patients with IBS-D-like symptoms. There were no significant differences in small intestinal/colonic permeability or the levels of organic acids between the patients with and without IBS-D-like symptoms. Fusicatenibacter was significantly less abundant in the patients with IBS-D-like symptoms whereas their fecal calprotectin level was significantly higher (384.8 ± 310.6 mg/kg) than in patients without (161.0 ± 251.0 mg/kg). The receiver operating characteristic curve constructed to predict IBS-D-like symptoms in patients with quiescent CD using the fecal calprotectin level (cutoff, 125 mg/kg) showed a sensitivity and specificity of 73.3% and 91.7%, respectively. Conclusion Minimal inflammation is closely associated with the development of IBS-D-like symptoms in patients with quiescent CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Tomita
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Fukui
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan,Correspondence: Hirokazu Fukui, MD, PhD, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, l-1, Mukogawa, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Japan, Tel: +81-798-45-6662, Fax: +81-798-45-6661, E-mail:
| | - Daisuke Morishita
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Ayako Maeda
- R&D Center, Biofermin Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiki Tanaka
- R&D Center, Biofermin Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- R&D Center, Biofermin Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadayuki Oshima
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Hiroto Miwa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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76
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Tang B, Hu Y, Chen J, Su C, Zhang Q, Huang C. Oral and fecal microbiota in patients with diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13114. [PMID: 36711269 PMCID: PMC9880401 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed at investigating the characteristics and correlation between oral (tongue coating) and fecal microbiota in patients with diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Methods Fifty-two IBS-D patients were chosen, with ten healthy volunteers serving as the normal control group. Tongue coating samples and fecal samples of subjects were sequenced for the 16S rRNA gene (V4-V5). Bioinformatics analysis was done on the test data to investigate oral and fecal microbiota composition characteristics in IBS-D patients. Results The microbial richness of tongue coating in IBS-D group was lower than that in the normal control group (P < 0.05). The beta diversity of tongue coating microbiota and fecal microbiota was significantly different in the IBS-D group compared to the normal control group (P < 0.05). Pseudomonadales (Pseudomonadaceae and Pseudomonas), Moraxellaceae, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, and Alloprevotella were considerably high in number the tongue coating samples of the IBS-D group in comparison to the normal control group. Similarly, the fecal samples from the IBS-D group were significantly enriched in Alphaproteobacteria, Pseudomonadales (Pseudomonadaceae and Pseudomonas), Acidaminococcaceae, Phascolarctobacterium, Alloprevotella, and Escherichia compared to the normal control group. Conclusions The oral and fecal microbiotas of IBS-D patients differ from those of the control group; hence studying IBS-D from the perspective of the oral-gut microbiome axis is an interesting research avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Tang
- Second Outpatient Department, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China,Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunlian Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,Corresponding author. Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.
| | - Chengxia Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,Corresponding author. First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaoqun Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,First Clinical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Weng RX, Wei YX, Li YC, Xu X, Zhuang JB, Xu GY, Li R. Folic acid attenuates chronic visceral pain by reducing clostridiales abundance and hydrogen sulfide production. Mol Pain 2023; 19:17448069221149834. [PMID: 36550612 PMCID: PMC9830571 DOI: 10.1177/17448069221149834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) related chronic visceral pain affects 20% of people worldwide. The treatment options are very limited. Although the scholarly reviews have appraised the potential effects of the intestinal microbiota on intestinal motility and sensation, the exact mechanism of intestinal microbiota in IBS-like chronic visceral pain remains largely unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether Folic Acid (FA) attenuated visceral pain and its possible mechanisms. Chronic visceral hyperalgesia was induced in rats by neonatal colonic inflammation (NCI). 16S rDNA analysis of fecal samples from human subjects and rats was performed. Patch clamp recording was used to determine synaptic transmission of colonic-related spinal dorsal horn. Alpha diversity of intestinal flora was increased in patients with IBS, as well as the obviously increased abundance of Clostridiales order (a main bacteria producing hydrogen sulfide). The hydrogen sulfide content was positive correlation with visceral pain score in patients with IBS. Consistently, NCI increased Clostridiales frequency and hydrogen sulfide content in feces of adult rats. Notably, the concentration of FA was markedly decreased in peripheral blood of IBS patients compared with non-IBS human subjects. FA supplement alleviated chronic visceral pain and normalized the Clostridiales frequency in NCI rats. In addition, FA supplement significantly reduced the frequency of sEPSCs of neurons in the spinal dorsal horn of NCI rats. Folic Acid treatment attenuated chronic visceral pain of NCI rats through reducing hydrogen sulfide production from Clostridiales in intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xia Weng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China,Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China,Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Xue Wei
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Chang Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xue Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Bo Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Yin Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China,Guang-Yin Xu, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, 199 Renai Rd, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Li
- Guang-Yin Xu, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, 199 Renai Rd, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
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78
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Ke H, Li Z, Lin Q, Shen Z, Chen Y, Chen J. Inflammatory bowel disease is causally related to irritable bowel syndrome: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1166683. [PMID: 37138734 PMCID: PMC10150057 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1166683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are lifelong digestive diseases that severely impact patients' quality of life. The existence of a causal association between IBS and IBD remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the direction of causality between IBD and IBS by quantifying their genome-wide genetic associations and performing bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Methods Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) among a predominantly European patient cohort identified independent genetic variants associated with IBS and IBD. Two separate databases (a large GWAS meta-analysis and the FinnGen cohort) for both IBS and IBD were consulted to retrieve statistics on instrument-outcome associations. MR analyses included inverse-variance-weighted, weighted-median, MR-Egger regression, MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods, and sensitivity analyses were performed. The MR analyses were carried out for each outcome data, followed by a fixed-effect meta-analysis. Results Genetically predicted IBD was associated with an increased risk of IBS. Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for samples of 211,551 (17,302 individuals with IBD), 192,789 (7,476 Crohn's disease cases), and 201,143 (10,293 ulcerative colitis cases) individuals were 1.20 (1.00, 1.04), 1.02 (1.01, 1.03), and 1.01 (0.99, 1.03), respectively. After outlier correction using MR-PRESSO, the odds ratio for ulcerative colitis was 1.03 (1.02, 1.05) (p = 0.001). However, an association between genetically influenced IBS and IBD was not identified. Discussion This study confirms that IBD is causally related to IBS, which may interfere with the diagnosis and treatment of both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Ke
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zitong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyun Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zefeng Shen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Integrative Microecology Center, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Ye Chen,
| | - Jinjun Chen
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Jinjun Chen,
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Sun Y, Li H, Liu L, Bai X, Wu L, Shan J, Sun X, Wang Q, Guo Y. A Novel Mast Cell Stabilizer JM25-1 Rehabilitates Impaired Gut Barrier by Targeting the Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16:ph16010047. [PMID: 36678544 PMCID: PMC9866683 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cell (MC) plays a central role in intestinal permeability; however, few MC-targeting drugs are currently available for protection of the intestinal barrier in clinical practice. A nonfluorinated Lidocaine analog 2-diethylamino-N-2,5-dimethylphenyl acetamide (JM25-1) displays anti-allergic effect, but its impact on MC remains elusive. In this study, we explored whether JM25-1 has therapeutic potential on intestinal barrier defect through stabilizing MC. JM25-1 alleviated release of β-hexosaminidase and cytokine production of MC. The paracellular permeability was redressed by JM25-1 in intestinal epithelial cell monolayers co-cultured with activated MC. In vivo, JM25-1 diminished intestinal mucosal MC amount and cytokine production, especially downregulating the expression of CRHR1, accompanied by an increase of CRHR2. Protective effects appeared in JM25-1-treated stress rats with a recovery of weight and intestinal barrier integrity. Through network pharmacology analysis, JM25-1 showed a therapeutic possibility for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with predictive targeting on PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. As expected, JM25-1 reinforced p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR signaling in MC, while the mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin reversed the action of JM25-1 on the expression of CRHR1 and CRHR2. Moreover, JM25-1 successfully remedied intestinal defect and declined MC and CRHR1 expression in rat colon caused by colonic mucus of IBS patients. Our data implied that JM25-1 possessed therapeutic capacity against intestinal barrier defects by targeting the CRH receptors of MC through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueshan Sun
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Hong Li
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Tissue-Orientated Property of Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xiaoqin Bai
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Liping Wu
- Digestive Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jing Shan
- Digestive Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xiaobin Sun
- Digestive Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Digestive Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yuanbiao Guo
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (Y.G.)
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80
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Li M, Zhu J, Liu X, Dong Z, Tang J, Zhang C, Jiao J, Chen J, Yin F, Qiu S, Zhang F, Gao S, Wang Z, Tao X, Yue X, Sun L, Chen W. Chaihu-Guizhi-Ganjiang Decoction is more efficacious in treating irritable bowel syndrome than Dicetel according to metabolomics analysis. Chin Med 2022; 17:139. [DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Chaihu-Guizhi-Ganjiang Decoction (CGGD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription used to treat viral influenza. There is evidence that CGGD can be used to treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) but the potential mechanism of action and metabolites produced upon CGGD treatment remains elusive.
Methods
Patients with IBS were treated with pinaverium bromide (Dicetel™) and then CGGD after a washout period of 1 week. Both treatments lasted for 30 days. The efficacy and changes of metabolites in plasma after the two treatments were compared. Plasma samples were acquired before and after each treatment, and untargeted metabolics analysis was performed.
Results
Efficacy was measured according to the Rome IV criteria and TCM theory. Our results indicated that CGGD showed significantly better efficacy than Dicetel in the treatment of IBS utilizing each criterion. CGGD exerted greater effects on plasma metabolism than Dicetel. Dicetel treatment led to increased tryptophan metabolism (increased levels of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde) and increased protein metabolism (increased levels of L-arginine). CGGD treatment significantly (p < 0.05) increased carnitine metabolism, with elevated levels of L-carnitine and acylcarnitine in plasma. Such changes in these metabolites could exert effects against IBS by improving gastrointestinal motility and suppressing pain, depression, and inflammation.
Conclusions
CGGD appeared to be more efficacious than Dicetel for treating patients with IBS. The findings provide a sound support for the underlying biomolecular mechanism of CGGD in the prevention and treatment of IBS.
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81
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Zhang M, Zheng Y, Li X, Wu H, Liu P, Zhang K, Shi Z, Lv M, Wang F, Tang X. Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang alleviates diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome in rats via the GCN2/PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154350. [PMID: 36194974 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a common functional gastrointestinal disease. Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang (TXYF), the traditional Chinese herbal medicine prescription, is a classic and effective prescription for the treatment of IBS-D, but its mechanism of action is not fully clarified. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of TXYF in the treatment of IBS-D and to explore its potential mechanism of action. METHODS Changes in the serum levels of 50 free amino acids were targeted for detection by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2), and endoplasmic reticulum-resident kinase (PERK) was detected by immunohistochemistry examinations in healthy volunteers and IBS-D patients. The IBS-D rat was constructed by the three-factor superposition method of neonatal maternal separation, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid enema, and chronic unpredictable stress stimulation. The treatment effect of TXYF on IBS-D rats was observed by recording the body weight, grasp force, fecal water content (FWC), and abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) of rats before and after treatment. The effects of GCN2/PERK-eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF2α) -activating transcription Factor 4 (ATF4) pathway proteins and gene expression were analyzed by western blotting, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and immunohistochemistry evaluations. RESULTS Compared with healthy volunteers, IBS-D patients exhibited lower levels of cysteine, γ-aminoacetic acid (GABA), homoproline, and lysine, and immunohistochemistry showed strong activation of GRP78, a marker of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Differential expression of GCN2 and PERK proteins was detected in IBS-D patients and rat colons. In the IBS-D rats, TXYF improved the body weight and grasp force, reduced the FWC, and improved the AWR score. TXYF increased the levels of p-GCN2 and GCN2 and reduced the levels of GRP78, p-PERK, PERK, p-eIF2α, and eIF2α, thereby affecting the expression of the apoptosis-related transcription factors ATF4, CHOP, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2. CONCLUSION Our study showed that TXYF improved IBS-D by inhibiting apoptosis. The anti-apoptosis effects were potentially mediated by regulating the GCN2/PERK-eIF2a-ATF4 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yijun Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haomeng Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kunli Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongfei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mi Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xudong Tang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Wang X, Liu H, Li W, Xiao H. Bibliometric analysis of functional dyspepsia research trends over the past 20 years. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1019110. [PMID: 36504925 PMCID: PMC9727411 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1019110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Functional dyspepsia is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders that affects the physical health and quality of life of many people. Its status as a chronic disease has received continued attention in the field of gastrointestinal research. Objective Bibliometric methods using network analysis were used to identify developments and research trends in functional dyspepsia with a view to informing and orienting further in-depth research on functional dyspepsia. Method Bibliometric methods were used to analyze the documents on functional dyspepsia published from 2002 to 2022 retrieved from Web of Science Core Collection on 1 July 2022, import literature data into Excel and VOSviewer, and extract relevant information to analyze and visualize the annual number of publications, authors, organizations, countries, journals published, citations, and keywords. Results A total of 3,532 documents were retrieved, and the abstracts of each remaining documents were read one by one after four duplicate documents were removed, and 2,220 documents were included after screening, with a fluctuating growth trend. Tack J ranked first with 171 documents, followed by Talley NJ (n = 167). The top three organizations in terms of number of publications were Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (n = 131), Mayo Clinic (n = 127), and the University of Newcastle (n = 91). The most prolific country was the United States with 499 documents. The three journals with the highest number of publications are "Neurogastroenterology and Motility" (n = 218), "Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics" (n = 101), and "Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology" (n = 90). The top three most cited documents were "Functional gastroduodenal disorders," "Childhood Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Child/Adolescent," and "The Serotonin Signaling System: From Basic Understanding to Drug Development for Functional GI Disorders." Frequency counts and network co-occurrences of keywords reveal trends in this field, including "gastric emptying," "anxiety," "acupuncture," and "ghrelin." Conclusion The study of the mechanism of gut-brain interaction in functional dyspepsia and the combination of non-pharmacological treatment and pharmacological treatment may be the future research hotspots and trends. Our findings are helpful to comprehensively review the research history of FD and provide reference for researchers in this field to further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinai Wang
- The School of Graduate, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Liu
- The School of Graduate, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- The School of Graduate, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongling Xiao
- The School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Hongling Xiao
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83
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McHarg AS, Leach S. The role of the gut microbiome in paediatric irritable bowel syndrome. AIMS Microbiol 2022; 8:454-469. [PMID: 36694592 PMCID: PMC9834077 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2022030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common and disabling condition in children. The pathophysiology of IBS is thought to be multifactorial but remains incompletely understood. There is growing evidence implicating the gut microbiome in IBS. Intestinal dysbiosis has been demonstrated in paediatric IBS cohorts; however, no uniform or consistent pattern has been identified. The exact mechanisms by which this dysbiosis contributes to IBS symptoms remain unknown. Available evidence suggests the imbalance produces a functional dysbiosis, with altered production of gases and metabolites that interact with the intestinal wall to cause symptoms, and enrichment or depletion of certain metabolic pathways. Additional hypothesised mechanisms include increased intestinal permeability, visceral hypersensitivity and altered gastrointestinal motility; however, these remain speculative in paediatric patients, with studies limited to animal models and adult populations. Interaction between dietary components and intestinal microbiota, particularly with fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs), has drawn increasing attention. FODMAPs have been found to trigger and worsen IBS symptoms. This is thought to be related to products of their fermentation by a dysbiotic microbial population, although this remains to be proven. A low-FODMAP diet has shown promising success in ameliorating symptoms in some but not all patients. There remains much to be discovered about the role of the dysbiotic microbiome in paediatric IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S McHarg
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Westfield Research Laboratories, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia,* Correspondence:
| | - Steven Leach
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Westfield Research Laboratories, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
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Liu J, Tang W, Hou L, Wang J, Wang R, Zhang Y, Dong Z, Liu R, Yu S. Alteration of gut microbiota in migraine patients with irritable bowel syndrome in a Chinese Han population. Front Neurol 2022; 13:899056. [DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.899056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveMigraine is frequently reported in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota plays a role in migraine and IBS. However, alterations in the gut microbiome in migraine patients with IBS remain unknown. This study aimed to explore the compositions of gut microbiota in migraine patients with IBS in a Chinese Han population.MethodsSixteen migraine patients with IBS and thirteen age- and gender-matched IBS patients with similar dietary and lifestyle habits were enrolled in this pilot study. Demographic data, clinical data, eating habits, lifestyle habits, comorbidities, and medications were recorded using a unified case registration form. Questionnaires for the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were completed. Fecal samples were collected, and microbial DNA was extracted. Gut microbiota 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing targeting the V4 region was performed using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 high-throughput sequencing platform. The relationships between gut microbiota and clinical characteristics of migraine were analyzed.ResultsThe structure of gut microbiota differed between migraine patients with IBS and patients with IBS, while the richness and diversity of gut microbiota in migraine patients with IBS showed no significant difference from that of patients with IBS. We found a higher relative abundance of the genus Parabacteroides and a lower relative abundance of the genera Paraprevotella, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010, Lactococcus, Collinsella, and Comamonas in migraine patients with IBS than in patients with IBS. According to random forest predictive models, the phylum Bacteroidota shows the most important role in migraine patients with IBS. Furthermore, no statistical correlation was found between significantly different taxa at the genus level and migraine clinical data.ConclusionThis study identified that altered gut microbiota occurred in Chinese Han migraine patients with IBS, but no correlation was found between gut microbiota and the clinical characteristics of migraine. Further study is needed to better understand the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of migraine in IBS.
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Liu J, Lv C, Wang W, Huang Y, Wang B, Tian J, Sun C, Yu Y. Slow, deep breathing intervention improved symptoms and altered rectal sensitivity in patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1034547. [PMID: 36408402 PMCID: PMC9673479 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1034547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Limited treatment options have been shown to alter the natural course of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Slow, deep breathing (SDB) is a common pain self-management intervention. This pilot study aimed to explore the impact of SDB on measures of autonomic and anorectal functions as well as patient-reported symptoms in constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C). METHODS Eighty-five IBS-C patients were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned to the experimental group (Group A, n = 42) and the control group (Group B, n = 43). SDB was conducted at six breathing cycles per minute with an inhalation for 4 s and exhalation for 6 s at a ratio of 2:3 and repeated for 30 min during the intervention. All subjects underwent high-resolution anorectal manometry (HRAM) and completed the standardized IBS symptom severity system (IBS-SSS) questionnaire. Meanwhile, changes in stool consistency, weekly frequency of complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBMs), and weekly frequency of spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs) were recorded. All IBS-C patients received electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings for heart rate variability (HRV) analysis at baseline, weeks 3, 6. RESULTS At baseline, no differences were found between Groups A and B. The IBS-SSS score and its five sub-scores of Group B patients were significantly higher at week 6 than those of Group A patients (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, compared with Group B patients, Group A patients had a significantly higher threshold volume for the first sensation (p < 0.001), desire to defecate (p = 0.017), and maximum tolerable volume (p = 0.018) at week 6 of the SDB treatment. We also noted significant improvements in stool consistency (p = 0.002), weekly SBM frequencies (p < 0.001), and weekly CSBM frequencies (p = 0.018) of Group A patients at week 6 when compared with Group B patients. Finally, the corrected high frequency (HF) of Group A patients was significantly higher than the HF of Group B patients at week 3 (p < 0.001) and at week 6 (p < 0.001). Likewise, patients in Group A had a significantly higher root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD) than that of patients in Group B at week 3 (p < 0.001) and at week 6 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION We found that a 6-week SDB intervention improved symptoms and altered rectal sensation in IBS-C patients. Moreover, SDB enhanced vagal activity. These findings suggest that the effect of SDB on IBS-C may be due to mechanisms involving autonomic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chaolan Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yizhou Huang
- Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jiashuang Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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86
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Schovsbo SU, Møllehave LT, Petersen MW, Ahrendt Bjerregaard A, Eliasen M, Pedersen SB, Eplov LF, Kårhus LL, Fink P, Linneberg A, Dantoft TM, Jørgensen T, Benros ME. Association between infections and functional somatic disorders: a cross-sectional population-based cohort study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e066037. [PMID: 36323461 PMCID: PMC9639106 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been suggested that infections can trigger functional somatic disorders (FSD). However, current evidence is limited by inconsistent findings in smaller studies conducted in clinical settings within selected populations and short follow-up times. We aimed to test the hypothesis that former infections are associated with FSD using data from nationwide registries and a large population-based cohort study, the Danish Study of Functional Disorders study. DESIGN FSD cases were identified in a cross-sectional population-based cohort and linked retrospectively to former hospital contacts with infections identified in the Danish National Patient Registry. The associations between FSD and former infections within 17 years were analysed using logistic regressions to calculate ORs and 95% CIs adjusted for age, sex and subjective social status. SETTING A population-based cohort in Denmark examined between 2011 and 2015. PARTICIPANTS A total of 9656 men and women aged 18-76 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES FSD measured by various delimitations, including bodily distress syndrome (BDS), irritable bowel (IB), chronic fatigue (CF), chronic widespread pain (CWP), and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS). RESULTS Overall, infections were associated with increased risk of all delimitations of FSD. The associations were more pronounced for multisystemic FSD. The number of prior infections increased the risk in a dose-response manner (p<0.0001). Bacterial but not viral infections were significantly associated with BDS (OR 1.69 (95% CI 1.46 to 1.96)), IB (OR 1.41 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.88)), CWP (OR 1.47 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.90)) and CF (OR 1.62 (95% CI 1.34 to 1.96)), but not MCS. CONCLUSION Former infections leading to hospital contacts were associated with a higher risk of having FSD. These associations were more pronounced for bacterial than viral infections, and more infections increased the risk in a dose-response manner. These results tend to support the idea that severe infections could play a role in FSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Ulfbeck Schovsbo
- Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Tang Møllehave
- Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Weinreich Petersen
- Research Clinic for Functional Disorders and Psychosomatics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Ahrendt Bjerregaard
- Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Eliasen
- Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Brix Pedersen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lene Falgaard Eplov
- Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Lund Kårhus
- Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Fink
- Research Clinic for Functional Disorders and Psychosomatics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Meinertz Dantoft
- Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen C, Denmark
| | - Michael Eriksen Benros
- Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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87
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López‐Estévez S, López‐Torrellardona JM, Parera M, Martínez V. Long-lasting visceral hypersensitivity in a model of DSS-induced colitis in rats. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 34:e14441. [PMID: 36239298 PMCID: PMC9787759 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent visceral hypersensitivity is a key component of functional and inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases. Current animal models fail to fully reproduce the characteristics of visceral pain in humans, particularly as it relates to persistent hypersensitivity. This work explores the validity of DSS-induced colitis in rats as a model to mimic chronic intestinal hypersensitivity. METHODS Exposure to DSS (5% for 7 days) was used to induce colitis in rats. Thereafter, changes in viscerosensitivity (visceromotor responses to colorectal distension-CRD), the presence of somatic referred pain (mechanosensitivity of the hind paws, von Frey test) and the expression (qRT-PCR) of sensory-related markers (colon, lumbosacral DRGs, and lumbosacral spinal cord) were assessed at different times during the 35 days period after colitis induction. RESULTS Following colitis, a sustained increase in visceromotor responses to CRD were observed, indicative of the presence of visceral hypersensitivity. Responses in animals without colitis remained stable over time. In colitic animals, somatic referred hypersensitivity was also detected. DSS-induced colitis was associated to a differential expression of sensory-related markers (with both pro- and anti-nociceptive action) in the colon, lumbosacral DRGs and lumbosacral spinal cord; indicating the presence of peripheral and central sensitization. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES DSS-induced colitis in rats is associated to the generation of a long-lasting state of visceral (colonic) hypersensitivity, despite clinical colitis resolution. This model reproduces the changes in intestinal sensitivity characteristics of inflammatory and functional gastrointestinal disorders in humans and can be used in the characterization of new pharmacological treatments against visceral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio López‐Estévez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain,Neuroscience InstituteUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Marc Parera
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Vicente Martínez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain,Neuroscience InstituteUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
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88
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Shah A, Kang S, Talley NJ, Do A, Walker MM, Shanahan ER, Koloski NA, Jones MP, Keely S, Morrison M, Holtmann GJ. The duodenal mucosa associated microbiome, visceral sensory function, immune activation and psychological comorbidities in functional gastrointestinal disorders with and without self-reported non-celiac wheat sensitivity. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2132078. [PMID: 36303431 PMCID: PMC9621048 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2132078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Frequently, patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) report intolerance of wheat products. We compared gastrointestinal symptoms, sensory function, psychiatric comorbidities, gut-homing immune cells, and duodenal mucosa-associated microbiome (d-MAM) in FGID patients and controls with and without self-reported wheat sensitivity (SR-NCWS). We recruited 40 FGID patients and 20 controls referred by GPs for treatment. Gastrointestinal/extraintestinal symptoms, visceral sensory function, psychological comorbidities, and SR-NCWS were assessed in a standardized approach. Peripheral gut homing T-cells (CD4+α4+β7+CCR9+/CD8+α4+β7+CCR9+) were quantified, and the d-MAM was assessed by DNA sequencing for 46 subjects. Factors of bacterial genera were extracted utilizing factor analysis with varimax rotation and factors univariately associated with FGID or SR-NCWS included in a subsequent multivariate analysis of variance to identify statistically independent discriminators. Anxiety scores (p < .05) and increased symptom responses to a nutrient challenge (p < .05) were univariately associated with FGID. Gut homing T-cells were increased in FGID patients with SR-NCWS compared to other groups (p all <0.05). MANOVA revealed that anxiety (p = .03), visceral sensory function (p = 0.007), and a d-MAM factor comprise members of the Alloprevotella, Prevotella, Peptostreptococcus, Leptotrichia, and Veillonella lineages were significantly (p = .001) associated with FGID, while gut homing CD4+α4+ β7+CCR9+ T-cells were associated (p = .002) with SR-NCWS. Compared to controls, patients with and without SR-NCWS show that there are shifts in the amplicon sequence variants within specific bacterial genera between the FGID subgroups (particularly Prevotella and Streptococcus) as well as distinct bacterial taxa discriminatory for the two different FGID subtypes. Compared to controls, both FGID patients with and without SR-NCWS have an increased symptom response to a standardized nutrient challenge and increased anxiety scores. The FGID patients with SR-NCWS - as compared to FGID without SR-NCWS (and controls without SR-NCWS) - have increased gut homing T-cells. The d-MAM profiles suggest species and strain-based variations between the two FGID subtypes and in comparison to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Shah
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia,Translational Research Institute Queensland, Australia,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Seungha Kang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia,University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Talley
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Anh Do
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marjorie M Walker
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Erin R Shanahan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia,Translational Research Institute Queensland, Australia
| | - Natasha A Koloski
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia,Translational Research Institute Queensland, Australia,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia,College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Michael P Jones
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Mark Morrison
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia,University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia,CONTACT Mark Morrison
| | - Gerald J Holtmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia,Translational Research Institute Queensland, Australia,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia,Gerald J Holtmann Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology & University of Queensland 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
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89
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Müller-Lissner S, Andresen V, Corsetti M, Bustos Fernández L, Forestier S, Pace F, Valdovinos MA. Functional Abdominal Cramping Pain: Expert Practical Guidance. J Clin Gastroenterol 2022; 56:844-852. [PMID: 36149666 PMCID: PMC9553264 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Functional abdominal cramping pain (FACP) is a common complaint, which may present either on its own or in association with a functional gastrointestinal disorder. It is likely caused by a variety of, probably partly unknown, etiologies. Effective management of FACP can be challenging owing to the lack of usable diagnostic tools and the availability of a diverse range of treatment approaches. Practical guidance for their selection and use is limited. The objective of this article is to present a working definition of FACP based on expert consensus, and to propose practical strategies for the diagnosis and management of this condition for physicians, pharmacists, and patients. A panel of experts on functional gastrointestinal disorders was convened to participate in workshop activities aimed at defining FACP and agreeing upon a recommended sequence of diagnostic criteria and management recommendations. The key principles forming the foundation of the definition of FACP and suggested management algorithms include the primacy of cramping pain as the distinguishing symptom; the importance of recognizing and acting upon alarm signals of potential structural disease; the recognition of known causes that might be addressed through lifestyle adjustment; and the central role of antispasmodics in the treatment of FACP. The proposed algorithm is intended to assist physicians in reaching a meaningful diagnostic endpoint based on patient-reported symptoms of FACP. We also discuss how this algorithm may be adapted for use by pharmacists and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maura Corsetti
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Translational Medical Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | - Fabio Pace
- Bolognini Hospital, Seriate and University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Miguel A. Valdovinos
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán,” Tlalpan, Mexico
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90
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Lu Q, Tan D, Luo J, Ye Y, Zuo M, Wang S, Li C. Potential of natural products in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154419. [PMID: 36087525 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a kind of functional bowel disease that is characterized by bellyache, abdominal distension, and diarrhea. Although not life-threatening, IBS has a long course and recurrent attacks and seriously affects the life quality of patients. Current drugs for treating IBS possess remarkable limitations, such as limited efficacy and severe adverse reactions. Therefore, developing novel medications to treat IBS is quite essential, and natural products may be a substantial source. PURPOSE This is the first systematic review elaborating the recent advancement of natural products as potential drugs for the therapy of IBS. METHODS A comprehensive retrieval of studies was carried out in scientific databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier, and CNKI. By using ("irritable bowel syndrome" OR "IBS") AND ("natural product" OR "natural compound" OR "phytochemical") as keywords, the eligible studies were screened, and the relevant information about therapeutic action and mechanism of natural products treating IBS was extracted. RESULTS Natural products against IBS consisted of four categories, namely, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenols. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms for natural products treating IBS were tightly associated with increased TJs and mucus protein expression, regulation of the brain-gut axis and gut microbiota structure, and inhibition of inflammatory response and intestinal mucosal damage. CONCLUSION Natural products could be extremely prospective candidate drugs used to treat IBS, and further preclinical and clinical researches are needed to guarantee their efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Daopeng Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, PR China
| | - Jingbin Luo
- China Traditional Chinese Medicine Holdings Company Limited, Foshan 528000, PR China
| | - Yonghao Ye
- Zhuhai Resproly Pharmaceutical Technology Company Limited, Zhuhai 519040, PR China
| | - Manhua Zuo
- Department of Nursing, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Cailan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, PR China.
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91
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Meng YY, Wang EK, Wang YS, Feng Y, Hang L, Yuan JY. Progress in traditional Chinese medicine study of constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2022; 30:892-896. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v30.i20.892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology and pathogenesis of constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) have not been fully elucidated. The lack of satisfactory treatment and the rising incidence of IBS-C often affect the lives of patients in different degrees. This paper summarizes the understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, and common effective treatment methods for IBS-C in recent years from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), with an aim to provide a reference for further study of the role of TCM in IBS-C treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Meng
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China,Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - En-Kang Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yin-Shu Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ya Feng
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lu Hang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian-Ye Yuan
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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92
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Pre-Antibiotic Treatment Followed by Prolonged Repeated Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Improves Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: An Observational Australian Clinical Experience. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2022; 2022:6083896. [PMID: 36275423 PMCID: PMC9584708 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6083896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The use of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has frequently failed to induce long-term symptomatic improvement. The use of multiple FMT infusions is one proposed mechanism through which the efficacy of FMT can be amplified. Aims. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel six-month FMT treatment protocol in IBS. Methods. Patients diagnosed with IBS confirmed by Rome IV Criteria were recruited for single-centre, single-arm, prospective clinical observational study. Participants received one colonoscopically delivered FMT followed by 36 rectal enemas across a six-month period. Validated abdominal symptoms and Short-Form (SF-36) Quality of Life (QOL) questionnaires were collected at baseline, week-12, week-24, and week-56, respectively. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank tests were conducted to compare differences in abdominal symptom and SF-36 QOL scores over the follow-up timepoints. Statistical significance was set at 5%. Results. Sixty participants diagnosed with IBS [IBS-constipation (
), IBS-diarrhoea (
), and IBS-mixed (
)] received the six-month FMT treatment. IBS symptom severity reduction was achieved in up to 61% of respondents at week-12, 64% of respondents at week-24, and maintained in up to 75% of respondents at week-52. Long-term reduction in symptom severity was associated with an increase in QOL, achieved in up to 64% of respondents at week-52 when compared to baseline. Adverse events were experienced in 28% of participants, though they were both transient and mild in nature. Conclusions. Six-month sustained FMT appears to be both safe and effective in the short- and long-term alleviation of IBS associated symptoms as well as improving participant QOL.
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93
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Association between impaired healing after orthognathic surgery and irritable bowel syndrome: A case report and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep 2022; 100:107745. [PMID: 36252543 PMCID: PMC9579328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the disease irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), gastrointestinal function is worsened even though no organic abnormalities are observed in the gastrointestinal mucosa. We report the case of an orthognathic surgery patient with suspected irritable bowel syndrome. Case In September 2017, a 15-year-old Japanese female was referred to us with dental crowding, malocclusion, and mandibular protrusion. In June 2019, a disagreement with classmates led to abdominal pain, diarrhea, and hemorrhage; in August 2019, a preoperative blood test showed sudden anemia, and her surgery was thus postponed. Subsequent upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed no organic abnormality, and no definitive diagnosis was made. In March 2020, after an improvement in anemia was observed, a segmental Le Fort I osteotomy and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) were performed under general anesthesia. On the third post-operative day, due to the mucosal dehiscence adjacent to the suture part, the titanium plate was exposed, and irrigation of the wound with normal saline solution and oral hygiene instruction was continued daily for 2 weeks. Two years and eight months have passed since the surgery, and the healing of the oral mucosa and bone has been uneventful. Discussion The relationship between IBS and post-operative impaired healing associated with the fragility of the oral mucosa is unknown. However, psychological stress has been reported as a cause of IBS and to be related to oral microorganisms. Conclusion Reducing risk factors for IBS and maintaining proper perioperative oral hygiene is essential in managing similar cases. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disease with recurrent abdominal pain. It is difficult to diagnose IBS since the clinical symptoms are confusing. IBS and psychological stress affect post-surgical healing. Reducing risk factors for IBS and maintaining proper perioperative oral hygiene is essential in the management.
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94
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Schneider KM, Kim J, Bahnsen K, Heuckeroth RO, Thaiss CA. Environmental perception and control of gastrointestinal immunity by the enteric nervous system. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:989-1005. [PMID: 36208986 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) forms a versatile sensory system along the gastrointestinal tract that interacts with most cell types in the bowel. Herein, we portray host-environment interactions at the intestinal mucosal surface through the lens of the enteric nervous system. We describe local cellular interactions as well as long-range circuits between the enteric, central, and peripheral nervous systems. Additionally, we discuss recently discovered mechanisms by which enteric neurons and glia respond to biotic and abiotic environmental changes and how they regulate intestinal immunity and inflammation. The enteric nervous system emerges as an integrative sensory system with manifold immunoregulatory functions under both homeostatic and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Markus Schneider
- Microbiology Department, Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Jihee Kim
- Microbiology Department, Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Klaas Bahnsen
- Microbiology Department, Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Robert O Heuckeroth
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christoph A Thaiss
- Microbiology Department, Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA.
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95
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Mahmoud A, Abuelazm M, Ahmed AAS, Abdalshafy H, Abdelazeem B, Brašić JR. Efficacy and Safety of Polaprezinc-Based Therapy versus the Standard Triple Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194126. [PMID: 36235778 PMCID: PMC9573391 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most prevalent etiology of gastritis worldwide. H. pylori management depends mainly on antibiotics, especially the triple therapy formed of clarithromycin, amoxicillin, and proton pump inhibitors. Lately, many antibiotic-resistant strains have emerged, leading to a decrease in the eradication rates of H. pylori. Polaprezinc (PZN), a mucosal protective zinc-L-carnosine complex, may be a non-antibiotic agent to treat H. pylori without the risk of resistance. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a PZN-based regimen for the eradication of H. pylori. This study used a systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from WOS, SCOPUS, EMBASE, PubMed, and Google Scholar until 25 July 2022. We used the odds ratio (OR) for dichotomous outcomes presented with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). We registered our protocol in PROSPERO with ID: CRD42022349231. We included 3 trials with a total of 396 participants who were randomized to either PZN plus triple therapy (n = 199) or triple therapy alone (control) (n = 197). Pooled OR found a statistical difference favoring the PZN arm in the intention to treat and per protocol H. pylori eradication rates (OR: 2.01 with 95% CI [1.27, 3.21], p = 0.003) and (OR: 2.65 with 95% CI [1.55, 4.54], p = 0.0004), respectively. We found no statistical difference between the two groups regarding the total adverse events (OR: 1.06 with 95% CI [0.55, 2.06], p = 0.85). PZN, when added to the triple therapy, yielded a better effect concerning the eradication rates of H. pylori with no difference in adverse event rates, and thus can be considered a valuable adjuvant for the management of H. pylori. However, the evidence is still scarce, and larger trials are needed to confirm or refute our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Basel Abdelazeem
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Health Care, Flint, MI 48532, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - James Robert Brašić
- Section of High Resolution Brain Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-443-610-0709
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96
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Fairbrass KM, Hamlin PJ, Gracie DJ, Ford AC. Natural history and impact of irritable bowel syndrome-type symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease during 6 years of longitudinal follow-up. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022; 56:1264-1273. [PMID: 35995729 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long-term natural history and impact of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-type symptoms on outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are uncertain. AIM To assess this in a longitudinal follow-up study of patients in secondary care METHODS: We assessed the natural history of IBS-type symptoms in IBD via Rome III criteria applied at baseline, and 2 and 6 years. We defined longitudinal disease activity as the need for glucocorticosteroids or flare, escalation, hospitalisation or intestinal resection. To assess healthcare utilisation, we recorded the number of outpatient clinic attendances and investigations. We also collected anxiety, depression and somatoform symptom scores and quality of life scores during follow-up. RESULTS Among 125 individuals with Rome III data at all three time points, only 41 (32.8%) never reported IBS-type symptoms. Fifteen patients (12.0%) had IBS-type symptoms at baseline that resolved, 19 (15.2%) had fluctuating symptoms, 35 (28.0%) had new-onset symptoms, and 15 (12.0%) had persistent symptoms. Among more than 300 patients with IBD activity data, IBS-type symptoms were not associated with an increased likelihood of the need for glucocorticosteroids or flare, escalation, hospitalisation or intestinal resection. However, the mean numbers of outpatient appointments and endoscopic investigations were significantly higher among those with IBS-type symptoms. Anxiety, depression and somatoform symptom scores were significantly higher, and quality of life scores were significantly lower, in those reporting IBS-type symptoms at least once during the study. CONCLUSIONS IBS-type symptoms affected more than two-thirds of patients with IBD during >6 years of follow-up and were associated with increased healthcare utilisation, and worse anxiety, depression, somatoform symptom and quality of life scores, but not adverse disease activity outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keeley M Fairbrass
- Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - P John Hamlin
- Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - David J Gracie
- Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Alexander C Ford
- Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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97
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Lv L, Ruan G, Ping Y, Cheng Y, Tian Y, Xiao Z, Zhao X, Chen D, Wei Y. Clinical study on sequential treatment of severe diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome with precision probiotic strains transplantation capsules, fecal microbiota transplantation capsules and live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium capsules. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1025889. [PMID: 36250045 PMCID: PMC9555570 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1025889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the effect of precision probiotic strains transplantation capsules on diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome compared with fecal microbiota transplantation capsules and live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium capsules. Methods Two patients with severe irritable bowel syndrome were treated with precision probiotic strains transplantation capsules, fecal microbiota transplantation capsules and live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium capsules in sequence. IBS-SSS, IBS-QoL, GSRS, stool frequency, stool character, degree of abdominal pain, GAD-7, and PHQ9 scores of patients at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks of treatment were monitored and recorded, and stool samples were collected for metagenomics and metabolomics. Results It was found that the IBS-SSS score of patient case 1 decreased by 175 points and that of patient case 2 decreased by 100 points after treatment of precision probiotic strains transplantation capsules. There was no significant decrease after fecal microbiota transplantation capsules and live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium capsules were used. At the same time, compared with fecal microbiota transplantation and live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium capsules, the IBS QoL, stool frequency, stool character, degree of abdominal pain and GAD-7 score of patient case 1 improved more significantly by the precision probiotic strains transplantation capsules. And the stool frequency and stool character score of patient case 2 decreased more significantly. Intestinal microbiota also improved more significantly after the precise capsule transplantation treatment. And we found Eubacterium_ Eligens showed the same change trend in the treatment of two patients, which may play a role in the treatment. Conclusion precision probiotic strains transplantation capsules is more beneficial to improve the intestinal microbiota of patients than microbiota transplantation capsule and live combined bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium capsules, so as to better alleviate clinical symptoms. This study provides a more perfect and convenient therapeutic drugs for the treatment of IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanling Wei
- *Correspondence: Dongfeng Chen, ; Yanling Wei,
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98
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Proteomic analysis of rat colonic mucosa following acupuncture treatment for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273853. [PMID: 36094925 PMCID: PMC9467358 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the molecular pathological mechanisms of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) and elucidate the effects of acupuncture on IBS-D colonic mucosa protein abundance in rats, a label-free high-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based proteomics analysis was used to survey the global changes of colonic mucosa proteins between different groups. Sixteen Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were randomly divided into four groups: the control group (C); the IBS-D model group (M); the syndrome differentiation acupuncture group (SD) and the traditional acupuncture group (T). IBS-D model rats were obtained using the CAS (chronic acute combining stress model) method. Comparative bioinformatics analysis of the proteomic data was analyzed using MaxQuant software, Perseus software, online tools DAVID, VENNY and STRING. Functional enrichment and network analyses revealed a close relationship between IBS-D and several biological processes including energy metabolism, muscular excitation/contraction, and both traditional acupuncture and syndrome differentiation acupuncture can reverse the impairments of normal energy metabolism. Moreover, the syndrome differentiation acupuncture can regulate the protein cluster relating inflammation, wound repair and cell protection against oxidative stress which is associated with acupuncture analgesic effect. Differentially expressed proteins Atp5a1 and Bpnt1 were selected as representative proteins and subjected to western blotting. In conclusion, our study provides further insight into the pathological and molecular mechanisms of IBS-D and acupuncture treatments, and serves as an experimental basis for clinical applications.
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99
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Zhang Y, Fu F, Zhang L, Zhang W, Chen L, Zhang Y, Chen W, Du Y, Chen S, Zhan Q, Feng Z, Xu H, Nie Y. Telomere is shortened in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in the Chinese population. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1749-1755. [PMID: 35706406 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Telomere shortening is an accepted indicator of aging. Many studies have investigated an association between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and psychiatric disorders. Mental or psychological factors could be an important cause of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, there are currently few research evaluating correlations between LTL and IBS. METHODS We examined associations between LTL and IBS using quantitative polymerase chain reaction in independent cohorts, including 205 patients with IBS and 189 healthy controls. Furthermore, we examined whether mental or psychological factors, types of IBS, duration of IBS and antidepressants had an association with LTL in patients with IBS. RESULTS Among total samples, patients with IBS presented shorter LTL when compared to healthy controls (P < 0.0001). Moreover, in subgroup analyses of patients with IBS, not only the LTL in patients with IBS caused by mental or psychological factors was shorter (P < 0.0001), but also in patients with IBS that were caused by other factors (P = 0.0082). Furthermore, LTL in patients with IBS who had taken antidepressants for more than 1 month was longer than that in patients with IBS who did not take antidepressants or took for less than 1 month (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to describe the relationship between LTL and IBS. This study showed significantly shorter telomeres in patients with IBS. Our findings suggest that LTL may hold the potential to serve as a predictor of IBS diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengyihuan Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangjie Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Weihong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenji Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanlei Du
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuzhen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqiang Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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100
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Mikocka-Walus A, Skvarc D, de Acosta MB, Evertsz FB, Bernstein CN, Burisch J, Ferreira N, Gearry RB, Graff LA, Jedel S, Mokrowiecka A, Stengel A, Trindade IA, van Tilburg MAL, Knowles SR. Exploring the Relationship Between Self-Isolation and Distress Among People with Gastrointestinal Disorders During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2022; 29:654-665. [PMID: 34494184 PMCID: PMC8423336 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-021-09818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the association between perceived isolation and symptoms of distress in people with GI disorders at the time of the pandemic; and to examine factors which moderate this relationship. This online cross-sectional survey was advertised in May-September 2020 via patient organisations and associated social media. Overall, 831 people (82% female, mean age 49 years) from 27 countries participated. A significant relationship between social isolation and psychological distress was noted (r = .525, p < .001). GI symptoms moderated the association between isolation and distress (B = .047, t = 2.47, p = .015). Interventions targeting these factors may help to reduce distress in people with GI disorders at the time of major stressors such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Skvarc
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Manuel Barreiro de Acosta
- Department of Gastroenterology, IBD Unit, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Floor Bennebroek Evertsz
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Johan Burisch
- Medical Division, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, GastrounitHvidovre, Denmark
| | - Nuno Ferreira
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Richard B Gearry
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Lesley A Graff
- Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Sharon Jedel
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anna Mokrowiecka
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inês A Trindade
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miranda A L van Tilburg
- College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Simon R Knowles
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
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