51
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Zhang F, Liu W, Chen L, Guan Z, Xu H. A top-down fabricated gold nanostrip on a silicon-on-insulator wafer: a promising building block towards ultra-compact optical devices. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1904-1914. [PMID: 33439191 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06908f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A plasmonic waveguide is a fundamental building block for high speed, large data transmission capacity, low energy consumption optical communication and sensing. Controllable fabrication and simultaneous optimization of propagation loss and coupling efficiency with free space light are essential for the realization of ultra-compact passive and active plasmonic components. Here, we proposed gold nanostrips on a silicon-on-insulator wafer as plasmonic waveguides and first demonstrated the direct free-space light coupling and end-scattering detection of the top-down fabricated plasmonic waveguide. The scattering intensity from the terminal of a 6 μm long nanostrip can be improved experimentally over 34 times larger than that on the silica substrate. The controllable fabrication process renders the gold nanostrip on a silicon-on-insulator substrate a promising building block for ultracompact, monolithic integration and CMOS-compatible plasmonic devices in optical communication and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuping Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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52
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Li W, He Y, Guo S, Kong D, Ding C, Wang X, Xin Y, Qiu S, Ma X, Wazir N, Liu R. On-chip programmable optical switch based on CdS multibranched nanowire arrays. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:294-297. [PMID: 33449011 DOI: 10.1364/ol.412587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Micro/nano optoelectronic devices are widely studied as basic building blocks for on-chip integrated microsystem and multichannel logic units with excellent optoelectronic properties that are especially important part for interconnection route construction. Here, based on anisotropic waveguides, an optical switch with an on/off ratio of 2.14 is built up in a 2D CdS branched nanowire array. Because the branches are obliquely distributed at the same side of the trunk in a highly ordered form, the guided photoluminescence (PL) intensity from the trunk into the branch tightly relates to its angle. Based on the different intensity of the guided PL emitted from the end of each branch, the position of the incident spot in the backbone area can be identified accurately, making a feasible construction of an on-chip position-sensitive detector to realize an all-optical information process.
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53
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Chen M, Cai Y, Wang P, Fang Y. Epitaxial growth of one-dimensional different-diameter silver nanowires. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04633k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing demand for higher-level functional nanodevices, there is a strong requirement for the fabrication of high-crystallinity composite nanowires, e.g., one-dimensional end-to-end different-diameter silver nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Nano-photonics and Nano-structure, Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yupeng Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Nano-photonics and Nano-structure, Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Peijie Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Nano-photonics and Nano-structure, Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Nano-photonics and Nano-structure, Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
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54
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Li Z, Corbett B, Gocalinska A, Pelucchi E, Chen W, Ryan KM, Khan P, Silien C, Xu H, Liu N. Direct visualization of phase-matched efficient second harmonic and broadband sum frequency generation in hybrid plasmonic nanostructures. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:180. [PMID: 33110598 PMCID: PMC7582155 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-00414-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Second harmonic generation and sum frequency generation (SHG and SFG) provide effective means to realize coherent light at desired frequencies when lasing is not easily achievable. They have found applications from sensing to quantum optics and are of particular interest for integrated photonics at communication wavelengths. Decreasing the footprints of nonlinear components while maintaining their high up-conversion efficiency remains a challenge in the miniaturization of integrated photonics. Here we explore lithographically defined AlGaInP nano(micro)structures/Al2O3/Ag as a versatile platform to achieve efficient SHG/SFG in both waveguide and resonant cavity configurations in both narrow- and broadband infrared (IR) wavelength regimes (1300-1600 nm). The effective excitation of highly confined hybrid plasmonic modes at fundamental wavelengths allows efficient SHG/SFG to be achieved in a waveguide of a cross-section of 113 nm × 250 nm, with a mode area on the deep subwavelength scale (λ 2/135) at fundamental wavelengths. Remarkably, we demonstrate direct visualization of SHG/SFG phase-matching evolution in the waveguides. This together with mode analysis highlights the origin of the improved SHG/SFG efficiency. We also demonstrate strongly enhanced SFG with a broadband IR source by exploiting multiple coherent SFG processes on 1 µm diameter AlGaInP disks/Al2O3/Ag with a conversion efficiency of 14.8% MW-1 which is five times the SHG value using the narrowband IR source. In both configurations, the hybrid plasmonic structures exhibit >1000 enhancement in the nonlinear conversion efficiency compared to their photonic counterparts. Our results manifest the potential of developing such nanoscale hybrid plasmonic devices for state-of-the-art on-chip nonlinear optics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Department of Physics and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- The School of Physics and Technology, Institute for Advanced Studies and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 China
| | - Brian Corbett
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | | | - Wen Chen
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kevin. M. Ryan
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Pritam Khan
- Department of Physics and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Christophe Silien
- Department of Physics and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Hongxing Xu
- The School of Physics and Technology, Institute for Advanced Studies and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Physics and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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55
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Qi Y, Richter G, Suadiye E, Kalina M, Rabkin E. Plastic Forming of Metals at the Nanoscale: Interdiffusion-Induced Bending of Bimetallic Nanowhiskers. ACS NANO 2020; 14:11691-11699. [PMID: 32790344 PMCID: PMC7586402 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Controlled plastic forming of nanoscale metallic objects by applying mechanical load is a challenge, since defect-free nanocrystals usually yield at near theoretical shear strength, followed by stochastic dislocation avalanches that lead to catastrophic failure or irregular, uncontrolled shapes. Herein, instead of mechanical load, we utilize chemical stress from imbalanced interdiffusion to manipulate the shape of nanowhiskers. Bimetallic Au-Fe nanowhiskers with an ultrahigh bending strength were synthesized employing the molecular beam epitaxy technique. The one-sided Fe coating on the defect-free, single-crystalline Au nanowhisker exhibited both single- and polycrystalline regions. Annealing the bimetallic nanowhiskers at elevated temperatures led to gradual change of curvature and irreversible bending. At low homological temperatures at which grain boundary diffusion is a dominant mode of mass transport this irreversible bending was attributed to the grain boundary Kirkendall effect during the diffusion of Au along the grain boundaries in the Fe layer. At higher temperatures and longer annealing times, the bending was dominated by intensive bulk diffusion of Fe into the Au nanowhisker, accompanied by a significant migration of the Au-Fe interphase boundary toward the Fe layers. The irreversible bending was caused by the concentration dependence of the lattice parameter of the Au(Fe) alloy and by the volume effect associated with the interphase boundary migration. The results of this study demonstrate a high potential of chemical interdiffusion in the controlled plastic forming of ultrastrong metal nanostructures. By design of the thickness, microstructure, and composition of the coating as well as the parameters of heat treatment, bimetallic nanowhiskers can be bent in a controlled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshen Qi
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel
Institute of Technology, 3200003 Haifa, Israel
| | - Gunther Richter
- Max
Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Eylül Suadiye
- Max
Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Kalina
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel
Institute of Technology, 3200003 Haifa, Israel
| | - Eugen Rabkin
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion−Israel
Institute of Technology, 3200003 Haifa, Israel
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56
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Clark BD, Lou M, Nordlander P, Halas NJ. Aluminum Nanocrystals Grow into Distinct Branched Aluminum Nanowire Morphologies. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:6644-6650. [PMID: 32787155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanowires (NWs) have generated great interest in their applications in nanophotonics and nanotechnology. Here we report the synthesis of Al nanocrystals (NCs) with controlled morphologies that range from nanospheres to branched NW and NW bundles. This is accomplished by catalyzing the pyrolysis of triisobutyl aluminum (TIBA) with Tebbe's reagent, a titanium(III) catalyst with two cyclopentadienyl ligands. The ratio of TIBA to Tebbe's reagent is critical in determining the morphology of the resulting Al NC. The branched Al NWs grow in their ⟨100⟩ directions and are formed by oriented attachment of isotropic Al NCs on their {100} facets. Branched NWs are strongly absorptive from the UV to the mid-IR, with longitudinal dipolar, higher-order, and transverse plasmons, all contributing to their broadband response. This rapid Al NW synthesis enables the expanded use of Al for plasmonic and nanophotonic applications in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared regions of the spectrum.
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57
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Zhang L, Sun J, Li Z, Yuan Y, Liu A, Huang Y. Coherent Enhancement of Dual-Path-Excited Remote SERS. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:32746-32751. [PMID: 32589011 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Combining both localized surface plasmon polaritons (LSPPs) and propagating surface plasmon polaritons, remote surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) emerges as a novel sensing technology in recent years, which could avoid the overlap of incident light and inelastic scattering light in SERS. Compared to traditional SERS, it has novel applications in sensors, plasmon-driven surface-catalyzed reactions, Raman optical activity, etc. However, the weak Raman intensity of remote SERS impedes its further application. In this work, we demonstrated that the remote SERS signals could be enhanced by more than 100% through the subwavelength interference in dual-path-excited Ag-branched nanowire dimer and nanowire-nanoparticle systems. Our experiment has revealed that remote SERS intensities could be modulated by polarization and phase differences of two incident lights illuminating at two separate nanowire terminals. The simulated electromagnetic field distributions through the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method indicate that subwavelength interference occurs in Ag nanowires, which causes the Raman intensities collected at a remote site is greatly influenced by the coherent superposition of propagating surface plasmon polaritons (PSPPs). Our work on this coherent enhancement could not only promote the application of remote SERS but also enlarge the research on light manipulating in the subwavelength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jianfeng Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhuohao Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Anping Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Chongqing University Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yingzhou Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Chongqing University Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 400044, China
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58
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Sistani M, Bartmann MG, Güsken NA, Oulton RF, Keshmiri H, Luong MA, Momtaz ZS, Den Hertog MI, Lugstein A. Plasmon-Driven Hot Electron Transfer at Atomically Sharp Metal-Semiconductor Nanojunctions. ACS PHOTONICS 2020; 7:1642-1648. [PMID: 32685608 PMCID: PMC7366502 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.0c00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in guiding and localizing light at the nanoscale exposed the enormous potential of ultrascaled plasmonic devices. In this context, the decay of surface plasmons to hot carriers triggers a variety of applications in boosting the efficiency of energy-harvesting, photocatalysis, and photodetection. However, a detailed understanding of plasmonic hot carrier generation and, particularly, the transfer at metal-semiconductor interfaces is still elusive. In this paper, we introduce a monolithic metal-semiconductor (Al-Ge) heterostructure device, providing a platform to examine surface plasmon decay and hot electron transfer at an atomically sharp Schottky nanojunction. The gated metal-semiconductor heterojunction device features electrostatic control of the Schottky barrier height at the Al-Ge interface, enabling hot electron filtering. The ability of momentum matching and to control the energy distribution of plasmon-driven hot electron injection is demonstrated by controlling the interband electron transfer in Ge, leading to negative differential resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masiar Sistani
- Institute of Solid
State Electronics, Technische Universität
Wien, Gußhausstraße 25-25a, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian G. Bartmann
- Institute of Solid
State Electronics, Technische Universität
Wien, Gußhausstraße 25-25a, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicholas A. Güsken
- The Blackett Laboratory,
Department of Physics, Imperial College
London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Rupert F. Oulton
- The Blackett Laboratory,
Department of Physics, Imperial College
London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Hamid Keshmiri
- Institute of Solid
State Electronics, Technische Universität
Wien, Gußhausstraße 25-25a, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Minh Anh Luong
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC, MEM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Zahra Sadre Momtaz
- Institut NEEL CNRS/UGA UPR2940, 25 avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Alois Lugstein
- Institute of Solid
State Electronics, Technische Universität
Wien, Gußhausstraße 25-25a, 1040 Vienna, Austria
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59
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Sistani M, Bartmann MG, Güsken NA, Oulton RF, Keshmiri H, Luong MA, Robin E, den Hertog MI, Lugstein A. Stimulated Raman Scattering in Ge Nanowires. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2020; 124:13872-13877. [PMID: 32617129 PMCID: PMC7322725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c02602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Investigating group-IV-based photonic components is a very active area of research with extensive interest in developing complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible light sources. However, due to the indirect band gap of these materials, effective light-emitting diodes and lasers based on pure Ge or Si cannot be realized. In this context, there is considerable interest in developing group-IV based Raman lasers. Nevertheless, the low quantum yield of stimulated Raman scattering in Si and Ge requires large device footprints and high lasing thresholds. Consequently, the fabrication of integrated, energy-efficient Raman lasers is challenging. Here, we report the systematic investigation of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in Ge nanowires (NWs) and axial Al-Ge-Al NW heterostructures with Ge segments that come into contact with self-aligned Al leads with abrupt metal-semiconductor interfaces. Depending on their geometry, these quasi-one-dimensional (1D) heterostructures can reassemble into Ge nanowires, Ge nanodots, or Ge nanodiscs, which are monolithically integrated within monocrystalline Al (c-Al) mirrors that promote both optical confinement and effective heat dissipation. Optical mode resonances in these nanocavities support in SRS thresholds as low as 60 kW/cm2. Most notably, our findings provide a platform for elucidating the high potential of future monolithically integrated, nanoscale low-power group-IV-based Raman lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masiar Sistani
- Technische
Universität Wien, Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna 1040, Austria
| | | | - Nicholas A. Güsken
- The
Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Rupert F. Oulton
- The
Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Hamid Keshmiri
- Technische
Universität Wien, Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna 1040, Austria
| | - Minh Anh Luong
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG-DEPHY, Grenoble 38054, France
| | - Eric Robin
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG-DEPHY, Grenoble 38054, France
| | | | - Alois Lugstein
- Technische
Universität Wien, Institute of Solid State Electronics, Vienna 1040, Austria
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60
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Li Y, Hu H, Jiang W, Shi J, Halas NJ, Nordlander P, Zhang S, Xu H. Duplicating Plasmonic Hotspots by Matched Nanoantenna Pairs for Remote Nanogap Enhanced Spectroscopy. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:3499-3505. [PMID: 32250634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoantennas are capable of reversibly interconverting free-space radiation with localized modes at the nanoscale. However, optical access to a single nanoantenna, through a laser beam, is always accompanied by disruptive background perturbations and heating effects. Remote spectroscopy is one promising route to overcome these effects. Here, we demonstrate excitation-collection-separated enhanced spectroscopy using a matched nanoantenna pair. The receiving and transmitting antennas are geometrically separated but bridged by the propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) on the metal film. The receiving antenna, consisting of a silver nanowire on a mirror, ensures a high light-to-plasmon conversion efficiency. The transmitting antenna consists of a silver nanocube over a mirror and is impedance matched to free space photons and the propagating SPPs. As a proof-of-principle, we demonstrate remote surface-enhanced Raman scattering with a high signal-to-noise ratio. This matched nanoantenna pair may have applications for remote entanglement of quantum emitters, biochemistry detection, or optical interconnects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Huatian Hu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Junjun Shi
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Naomi J Halas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Peter Nordlander
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Shunping Zhang
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nanostructures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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61
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F. Carvalho WO, Mejía-Salazar JR. Plasmonics for Telecommunications Applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:s20092488. [PMID: 32354016 PMCID: PMC7250033 DOI: 10.3390/s20092488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic materials, when properly illuminated with visible or near-infrared wavelengths, exhibit unique and interesting features that can be exploited for tailoring and tuning the light radiation and propagation properties at nanoscale dimensions. A variety of plasmonic heterostructures have been demonstrated for optical-signal filtering, transmission, detection, transportation, and modulation. In this review, state-of-the-art plasmonic structures used for telecommunications applications are summarized. In doing so, we discuss their distinctive roles on multiple approaches including beam steering, guiding, filtering, modulation, switching, and detection, which are all of prime importance for the development of the sixth generation (6G) cellular networks.
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62
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Peng T, Li X, Li K, Nie Z, Tan W. DNA-Modulated Plasmon Resonance: Methods and Optical Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:14741-14760. [PMID: 32154704 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b23608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The near-field effects in the vicinity of metallic nanoparticle surfaces, as induced by electromagnetic radiation with specific wavelength, give rise to a variety of novel optical properties and attractive applications because of surface plasmons, which are the coherent oscillations of conduction electrons on a metal surface. The interdisciplinary field of plasmonics has witnessed vigorous growth, promoting research on the modulation of plasmon resonance by constructing advanced plasmonic nanoarchitectures with controllable size, morphology, or interparticle coupling. Among diversified tools, deoxyribonucleic nucleic acid (DNA) possesses prominent superiority as a result of its designability, programmability, addressability, and ease of nanomaterial modification. In this review, we focus on the methods and optical applications of plasmon resonance modulation accomplished by DNA nanotechnology. Recent developments in the construction of DNA-mediated plasmonic nanoarchitecture and key ongoing research directions utilizing unique optical features are highlighted. Obstacles and challenges in this field are pointed out, followed by preliminary suggestions on some areas of opportunity that deserve attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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63
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Langer J, Jimenez de Aberasturi D, Aizpurua J, Alvarez-Puebla RA, Auguié B, Baumberg JJ, Bazan GC, Bell SEJ, Boisen A, Brolo AG, Choo J, Cialla-May D, Deckert V, Fabris L, Faulds K, García de Abajo FJ, Goodacre R, Graham D, Haes AJ, Haynes CL, Huck C, Itoh T, Käll M, Kneipp J, Kotov NA, Kuang H, Le Ru EC, Lee HK, Li JF, Ling XY, Maier SA, Mayerhöfer T, Moskovits M, Murakoshi K, Nam JM, Nie S, Ozaki Y, Pastoriza-Santos I, Perez-Juste J, Popp J, Pucci A, Reich S, Ren B, Schatz GC, Shegai T, Schlücker S, Tay LL, Thomas KG, Tian ZQ, Van Duyne RP, Vo-Dinh T, Wang Y, Willets KA, Xu C, Xu H, Xu Y, Yamamoto YS, Zhao B, Liz-Marzán LM. Present and Future of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS NANO 2020; 14:28-117. [PMID: 31478375 PMCID: PMC6990571 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1381] [Impact Index Per Article: 345.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the enhancement of Raman scattering by molecules adsorbed on nanostructured metal surfaces is a landmark in the history of spectroscopic and analytical techniques. Significant experimental and theoretical effort has been directed toward understanding the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect and demonstrating its potential in various types of ultrasensitive sensing applications in a wide variety of fields. In the 45 years since its discovery, SERS has blossomed into a rich area of research and technology, but additional efforts are still needed before it can be routinely used analytically and in commercial products. In this Review, prominent authors from around the world joined together to summarize the state of the art in understanding and using SERS and to predict what can be expected in the near future in terms of research, applications, and technological development. This Review is dedicated to SERS pioneer and our coauthor, the late Prof. Richard Van Duyne, whom we lost during the preparation of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Langer
- CIC
biomaGUNE and CIBER-BBN, Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | | | - Javier Aizpurua
- Materials
Physics Center (CSIC-UPV/EHU), and Donostia
International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, Donostia-San
Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Ramon A. Alvarez-Puebla
- Departamento
de Química Física e Inorgánica and EMaS, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- ICREA-Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Baptiste Auguié
- School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria
University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The
MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls
Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Guillermo C. Bazan
- Department
of Materials and Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Steven E. J. Bell
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s
University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Anja Boisen
- Department
of Micro- and Nanotechnology, The Danish National Research Foundation
and Villum Foundation’s Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery
and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Alexandre G. Brolo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3 V6, Canada
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department
of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Dana Cialla-May
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Volker Deckert
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Laura Fabris
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers
University, 607 Taylor Road, Piscataway New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Karen Faulds
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, United Kingdom
| | - F. Javier García de Abajo
- ICREA-Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
- The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Institut
de Ciencies Fotoniques, Castelldefels (Barcelona) 08860, Spain
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Department
of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan Graham
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda J. Haes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Christy L. Haynes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christian Huck
- Kirchhoff
Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Tamitake Itoh
- Nano-Bioanalysis
Research Group, Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg S412 96, Sweden
| | - Janina Kneipp
- Department
of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität
zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, Berlin-Adlershof 12489, Germany
| | - Nicholas A. Kotov
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hua Kuang
- Key Lab
of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, International
Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- State Key
Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, JiangSu 214122, China
| | - Eric C. Le Ru
- School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria
University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The
MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls
Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Hiang Kwee Lee
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Key Laboratory
of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xing Yi Ling
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Stefan A. Maier
- Chair in
Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 80539, Germany
| | - Thomas Mayerhöfer
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Martin Moskovits
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Kei Murakoshi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido
University, North 10 West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo,
Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Jwa-Min Nam
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Shuming Nie
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | | | - Jorge Perez-Juste
- Departamento
de Química Física and CINBIO, University of Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Juergen Popp
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Annemarie Pucci
- Kirchhoff
Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Stephanie Reich
- Department
of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Bin Ren
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Key Laboratory
of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Timur Shegai
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg S412 96, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Schlücker
- Physical
Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration
Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Li-Lin Tay
- National
Research Council Canada, Metrology Research
Centre, Ottawa K1A0R6, Canada
| | - K. George Thomas
- School
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science
Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Key Laboratory
of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tuan Vo-Dinh
- Fitzpatrick
Institute for Photonics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and
Department of Chemistry, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Box 90281, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Yue Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern
University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Katherine A. Willets
- Department
of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- Key Lab
of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, International
Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- State Key
Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, JiangSu 214122, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School
of Physics and Technology and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yikai Xu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s
University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Yuko S. Yamamoto
- School
of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key
Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Luis M. Liz-Marzán
- CIC
biomaGUNE and CIBER-BBN, Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
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64
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Far-field midinfrared superresolution imaging and spectroscopy of single high aspect ratio gold nanowires. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:2288-2293. [PMID: 31964821 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1916433117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited approaches exist for imaging and recording spectra of individual nanostructures in the midinfrared region. Here we use infrared photothermal heterodyne imaging (IR-PHI) to interrogate single, high aspect ratio Au nanowires (NWs). Spectra recorded between 2,800 and 4,000 cm-1 for 2.5-3.9-μm-long NWs reveal a series of resonances due to the Fabry-Pérot modes of the NWs. Crucially, IR-PHI images show structure that reflects the spatial distribution of the NW absorption, and allow the resonances to be assigned to the m = 3 and m = 4 Fabry-Pérot modes. This far-field optical measurement has been used to image the mode structure of plasmon resonances in metal nanostructures, and is made possible by the superresolution capabilities of IR-PHI. The linewidths in the NW spectra range from 35 to 75 meV and, in several cases, are significantly below the limiting values predicted by the bulk Au Drude damping parameter. These linewidths imply long dephasing times, and are attributed to reduction in both radiation damping and resistive heating effects in the NWs. Compared to previous imaging studies of NW Fabry-Pérot modes using electron microscopy or near-field optical scanning techniques, IR-PHI experiments are performed under ambient conditions, enabling detailed studies of how the environment affects mid-IR plasmons.
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65
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Brown BS, Hartland GV. Chemical interface damping for propagating surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanostripes. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:024707. [PMID: 31941288 DOI: 10.1063/1.5133958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Leakage radiation microscopy has been used to examine chemical interface damping (CID) for the propagating surface plasmon polariton (PSPP) modes of Au nanostripes-nanofabricated structures with heights of 40 or 50 nm, widths between 2 and 4 µm, and 100 µm lengths. Real space imaging was used to determine the propagation lengths LSPP of the leaky PSPP modes, and back focal plane measurements generated ω vs k dispersion curves, which yield the PSPP group velocities vg. The combination of these two experiments was used to calculate the PSPP lifetime via T1 = LSPP/vg. The difference in T1 times between bare and thiol coated nanostripes was used to determine the dephasing rate due to CID ΓCID for the adsorbed thiol molecules. A variety of different thiol molecules were examined, as well as nanostripes with different dimensions. The values of ΓCID are similar for the different systems and are an order-of-magnitude smaller than the typical values observed for the localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) of Au nanoparticles. Scaling the measured ΓCID values by the effective path length for electron-surface scattering shows that the CID effect for the PSPP modes of the nanostripes is similar to that for the LSPR modes of nanoparticles. This is somewhat surprising given that PSPPs and LSPRs have different properties: PSPPs have a well-defined momentum, whereas LSPRs do not. The magnitude of ΓCID for the nanostripes could be increased by reducing their dimensions, principally the height of the nanostructures. However, decreasing dimensions for the leaky PSPP mode increases radiation damping, which would make it challenging to accurately measure ΓCID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan S Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Gregory V Hartland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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66
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Wiecha MM, Al-Daffaie S, Bogdanov A, Thomson MD, Yilmazoglu O, Küppers F, Soltani A, Roskos HG. Direct Near-Field Observation of Surface Plasmon Polaritons on Silver Nanowires. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:21962-21966. [PMID: 31891075 PMCID: PMC6933792 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon polaritons on (silver) nanowires are promising components for future photonic technologies. Here, we study near-field patterns on silver nanowires with a scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscope that enables the direct mapping of surface waves. We analyze the spatial pattern of the plasmon signatures for different excitation geometries and polarization and observe a plasmon wave pattern that is canted relative to the nanowire axis, which we show is due to a superposition of two different plasmon modes, as supported by electromagnetic simulations including the influence of the substrate. These findings yield new insights into the excitation and propagation of plasmon polaritons for applications in nanoplasmonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias M. Wiecha
- Physikalisches
Institut, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Shihab Al-Daffaie
- Institut
für Mikrowellentechnik und Photonik, TU Darmstadt, Merckstraße
25, D-64283 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Andrey Bogdanov
- Department
of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO
University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Mark D. Thomson
- Physikalisches
Institut, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Oktay Yilmazoglu
- Institut
für Mikrowellentechnik und Photonik, TU Darmstadt, Merckstraße
25, D-64283 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Franko Küppers
- Skolkovo
Institute of Science & Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Centre, Nobel Street 3, Moscow 121205, Russia
| | - Amin Soltani
- Physikalisches
Institut, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hartmut G. Roskos
- Physikalisches
Institut, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue Straße 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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67
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He Z, Yang Y, Liang HW, Liu JW, Yu SH. Nanowire Genome: A Magic Toolbox for 1D Nanostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902807. [PMID: 31566828 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
1D nanomaterials with high aspect ratio, i.e., nanowires and nanotubes, have inspired considerable research interest thanks to the fact that exotic physical and chemical properties emerge as their diameters approach or fall into certain length scales, such as the wavelength of light, the mean free path of phonons, the exciton Bohr radius, the critical size of magnetic domains, and the exciton diffusion length. On the basis of their components, aspect ratio, and properties, there may be imperceptible connections among hundreds of nanowires prepared by different strategies. Inspired by the heredity system in life, a new concept termed the "nanowire genome" is introduced here to clarify the relationships between hundreds of nanowires reported previously. As such, this approach will not only improve the tools incorporating the prior nanowires but also help to precisely synthesize new nanowires and even assist in the prediction on the properties of nanowires. Although the road from start-ups to maturity is long and fraught with challenges, the genetical syntheses of more than 200 kinds of nanostructures stemming from three mother nanowires (Te, Ag, and Cu) are summarized here to demonstrate the nanowire genome as a versatile toolbox. A summary and outlook on future challenges in this field are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen He
- Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Center of CAS, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Center of CAS, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hai-Wei Liang
- Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Center of CAS, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jian-Wei Liu
- Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Center of CAS, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Center of CAS, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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68
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Gao M, He Y, Chen Y, Shih TM, Yang W, Wang J, Zhao F, Li MD, Chen H, Yang Z. Tunable surface plasmon polaritons and ultrafast dynamics in 2D nanohole arrays. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:16428-16436. [PMID: 31441473 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03478a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-quality and unique surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with a narrow linewidth and controllable resonance energy plays a key role in wide applications including ultrahigh-resolution spectroscopy, on-chip sensing, optical modulation, and solar cell technology. In this work, the response of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes in Au nanohole arrays has been effectively tuned by properly adjusting the sample orientation without changing the geometrical parameters, and a very narrow linewidth down to 8 nm is achieved via the strong interference of two (0, -1) and (-1, 0) SPP modes in the Γ-M direction under transverse magnetic polarization. These results have been validated excellently by finite-element-method numerical simulations. More importantly, we have quantitatively investigated the contribution of conduction-band electron distribution to the SPP intensity of the array within a 20 ps timescale with ultrahigh sensitivity by utilizing home-built femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, and observed the minimum SPP intensity at ∼700 fs following excitation with a 0.2 μJ pulse. This study may help enhance the understanding toward the intrinsic micromechanism of SPR, thus offering opportunities for potential applications in strong coupling and new-style optical wave manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gao
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Yonglin He
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics and Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Science and Detection Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Tien-Mo Shih
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Weimin Yang
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Ming-De Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
| | - Huanyang Chen
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics and Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Science and Detection Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhilin Yang
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
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69
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Devkota T, Brown BS, Beane G, Yu K, Hartland GV. Making waves: Radiation damping in metallic nanostructures. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:080901. [PMID: 31470703 DOI: 10.1063/1.5117230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal nanostructures display several types of resonances. In the visible and near-IR spectral regions, there are localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) that involve the coherent oscillation of the conduction electrons. Extended metal nanostructures, such as nanowires or nanoplates, also exhibit propagating surface plasmon polaritons (PSPPs), which are motions of the electrons at the surface of the structure that have a well-defined momentum. In addition, the vibrational normal modes of metal nanostructures give rise to low frequency resonances in the gigahertz to terahertz range. These different types of motions/resonances suffer energy losses from internal effects and from interactions with the environment. The goal of this perspective is to describe the part of the energy relaxation process due to the environment. Even though the plasmon resonances and acoustic vibrational modes arise from very different physics, it turns out that environmental damping is dominated by radiation of waves. The way the rates for radiation damping depend on the size of the nanostructure and the properties of the environment will be discussed for the different processes. For example, it is well known that for LSPRs, the rate of radiation damping increases with particle size. However, the radiation damping rate decreases with increasing dimensions for PSPPs and for the acoustic vibrational modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuphan Devkota
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Brendan S Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Gary Beane
- ARC Center of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronic Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Kuai Yu
- College of Electronic Science and Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Gregory V Hartland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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70
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Schörner C, Adhikari S, Lippitz M. A Single-Crystalline Silver Plasmonic Circuit for Visible Quantum Emitters. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:3238-3243. [PMID: 31009229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic waveguides are key elements in nanophotonic devices, serving as optical interconnects between nanoscale light sources and detectors. Multimode operation in plasmonic two-wire transmission lines promises important degrees of freedom for near-field manipulation and information encoding. However, highly confined plasmon propagation along gold nanostructures is typically limited to the near-infrared region due to ohmic losses, excluding all visible quantum emitters from plasmonic circuitry. We report on the top-down fabrication of complex plasmonic nanostructures in single-crystalline silver plates. We demonstrate the controlled remote excitation of a small ensemble of fluorophores by a set of waveguide modes and the emission of the visible luminescence into the waveguide with high efficiency. This approach opens up the study of a nanoscale light-matter interaction between complex plasmonic waveguides and a large variety of quantum emitters available in the visible spectral range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schörner
- Experimental Physics III , University of Bayreuth , D-95447 Bayreuth , Germany
| | - Subhasis Adhikari
- Experimental Physics III , University of Bayreuth , D-95447 Bayreuth , Germany
| | - Markus Lippitz
- Experimental Physics III , University of Bayreuth , D-95447 Bayreuth , Germany
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71
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Zhou N, Wang P, Shi ZX, Gao YX, Yang YX, Wang YP, Xie Y, Cai DW, Guo X, Zhang L, Qiu JR, Tong LM. Au nanorod-coupled microfiber optical humidity sensors. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:8180-8185. [PMID: 31052640 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.008180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a high-sensitivity relative humidity (RH) sensor taking advantage of single-band narrow plasmon resonance of a single Au nanorod coupled to a whispering gallery cavity mode of a polyacrylamide microfiber. From the resonance peak shift, the sensor could achieve a sensitivity up to 0.51 nm/% RH with a cavity size of about 2 μm. By coupling multiple Au nanorods along the microfiber axis, we demonstrate a position-dependent microfiber optical humidity sensor with a 1.5-mm spatial resolution, which can be potentially reduced to micrometer level, paving a way toward high-resolution distributed microfiber optical sensors.
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72
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Huo D, Kim MJ, Lyu Z, Shi Y, Wiley BJ, Xia Y. One-Dimensional Metal Nanostructures: From Colloidal Syntheses to Applications. Chem Rev 2019; 119:8972-9073. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Da Huo
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Myung Jun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Zhiheng Lyu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yifeng Shi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Wiley
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Younan Xia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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73
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Ćwik M, Buczyńska D, Sulowska K, Roźniecka E, Mackowski S, Niedziółka-Jönsson J. Optical Properties of Submillimeter Silver Nanowires Synthesized Using the Hydrothermal Method. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E721. [PMID: 30832235 PMCID: PMC6427392 DOI: 10.3390/ma12050721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis of long silver nanowires using the hydrothermal method, with H₂O₂ as the reducing agent. Our approach yields nanowires with an average diameter and length of about 100 nm and 160 µm, respectively, reaching the maximum length of 800 µm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements revealed the presence of a thick, inhomogeneous poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) layer covering the nanowires, which with time becomes much more uniform, leading to well-defined extinction peaks in the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectra. This change in morphology is evidenced also by the fluorescence enhancement behavior probed using protein complexes. Wide-field and confocal fluorescence microscopy measurements demonstrate strong, 10-fold enhancement of the protein emission intensity, accompanied by a reduction of the fluorescence decay time. In addition, for the aged, one-month-old nanowires, the uniformity of the intensity profile along them was substantially improved as compared with the as-synthesized ones. The results point towards the importance of the morphology of plasmonically active silver nanowires when considering their application in enhancing optical properties or achieving energy propagation over submillimeter distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Ćwik
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dorota Buczyńska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Karolina Sulowska
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Ewa Roźniecka
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Mackowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
- Baltic Institute of Technology, 81-451 Gdynia, Poland.
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74
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Yang L, Li P, Li Z. Plasmonic polarization beam splitting based on single silver nanowire. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:3851-3860. [PMID: 30876009 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.003851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic waveguides have been indispensable "building-blocks" to construct functional elements for future integrated nano-photonic devices and circuits. In this paper, we demonstrate that a thick silver nanowire with well-defined end facets can provide multiple outcoupling channels, and the controllable beam splitting is realized. The propagating surface plasmons emission at nanowire end are split into two parts: I1 and I2, with the polarizations nearly perpendicular to the respective emitting facets. By changing incident polarization, the splitting ratio (I1/I2) can be tuned in the range of 1.52~0.36. Electromagnetic simulations indicate that polarization beam splitting mechanisms in this single thick nanowire are the interference of propagating surface plasmon modes and the superposition of excited dipoles at the nanowire end. These findings would deepen the understanding of manipulation of surface plasmons propagation/emission, and advance the development of plasmonic waveguide-based nano-photonic devices.
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75
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Xue J, Zhou ZK, Lin L, Guo C, Sun S, Lei D, Qiu CW, Wang XH. Perturbative countersurveillance metaoptics with compound nanosieves. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2019; 8:101. [PMID: 31754428 PMCID: PMC6858309 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-019-0212-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The progress of metaoptics relies on identifying photonic materials and geometries, the combination of which represents a promising approach to complex and desired optical functionalities. Material candidate options are primarily limited by natural availability. Thus, the search for meta-atom geometries, by either forward or inverse means, plays a pivotal role in achieving more sophisticated phenomena. Past efforts mainly focused on building the geometric library of individual meta-atoms and synthesizing various ones into a design. However, those efforts neglected the powerfulness of perturbative metaoptics due to the perception that perturbations are usually regarded as adverse and in need of being suppressed. Here, we report a perturbation-induced countersurveillance strategy using compound nanosieves mediated by structural and thermal perturbations. Private information can be almost perfectly concealed and camouflaged by the induced thermal-spectral drifts, enabling information storage and exchange in a covert way. This perturbative metaoptics can self-indicate whether the hidden information has been attacked during delivery. Our results establish a perturbative paradigm of securing a safer world of information and internet of things.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancai Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhang-Kai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Shang Sun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583 Singapore
| | - Dangyuan Lei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583 Singapore
| | - Xue-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
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76
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Beane G, Devkota T, Brown BS, Hartland GV. Ultrafast measurements of the dynamics of single nanostructures: a review. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2019; 82:016401. [PMID: 30485256 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aaea4b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The ability to study single particles has revolutionized nanoscience. The advantage of single particle spectroscopy measurements compared to conventional ensemble studies is that they remove averaging effects from the different sizes and shapes that are present in the samples. In time-resolved experiments this is important for unraveling homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening effects in lifetime measurements. In this report, recent progress in the development of ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopic techniques for interrogating single nanostructures will be discussed. The techniques include far-field experiments that utilize high numerical aperture (NA) microscope objectives, near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) measurements, ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM), and time-resolved x-ray diffraction experiments. Examples will be given of the application of these techniques to studying energy relaxation processes in nanoparticles, and the motion of plasmons, excitons and/or charge carriers in different types of nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Beane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States of America
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77
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Li H, He F, Ji C, Zhu W, Xu Y, Zhang W, Meng X, Fang X, Ding T. Polymer spacer tunable Purcell-enhanced spontaneous emission in perovskite quantum dots coupled to plasmonic nanowire networks. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22831-22838. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04415a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bright and fast emission of perovskite quantum dots has been demonstrated by using a polymer spacer to regulate the exciton–plasmon coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanmei Li
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Flame-Retardant and Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
| | - Futao He
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Flame-Retardant and Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
| | - Chuankun Ji
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Flame-Retardant and Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
| | - Weiwei Zhu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Flame-Retardant and Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
| | - Yuanqing Xu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Flame-Retardant and Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Flame-Retardant and Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
| | - Xianrui Meng
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Flame-Retardant and Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
| | - Xiaomin Fang
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Flame-Retardant and Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
| | - Tao Ding
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- Henan Engineering Laboratory of Flame-Retardant and Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
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78
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Li Y, Zhang Z, Su M, Huang Z, Li Z, Li F, Pan Q, Ren W, Hu X, Li L, Song Y. A general strategy for printing colloidal nanomaterials into one-dimensional micro/nanolines. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:22374-22380. [PMID: 30474673 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06543h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Though patterned one-dimensional (1D) micro/nanoline arrays are of great importance in the field of integrated circuits and optoelectronics, the fabrication of high-precision micro/nanolines with excellent optical and electrical performance remains a great challenge. Herein, a general strategy for printing 1D micro/nanolines is proposed by manipulating the self-assembly of functional nanoparticles as a multilayer or monolayer stack with a single-nanoparticle width. This method is universal for dispersible nanoparticles, and the silver nanoparticle was selected as a model nanoparticle due to its good conductivity, dispersibility and narrow-size distribution. The results indicate that the morphologies of printed micro/nanolines can be precisely regulated by the substrate wettability and the suspension concentration. Specifically, 1D nanoparticle-assembled architectures are printed as a monolayer stack on the substrate with a low contact angle (below 45°), while a multilayer stack is formed on the substrate with a high contact angle (above 50°) or a high concentration (more than 0.12%). The controllability of micro/nanoline morphologies can be interpreted through the influence of the three phase contact line slipping motion and the nanoparticle diffusion on diverse substrates at different concentrations. Alteration of the printing template structures enables the intervals of 1D micro/nanolines to span from 16 μm to 48 μm. These results provide an efficient methodology for fabricating micro/nano-circuits or optics and strengthening the understanding of the self-assembling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
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79
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Ho YL, Clark JK, Kamal ASA, Delaunay JJ. On-Chip Monolithically Fabricated Plasmonic-Waveguide Nanolaser. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:7769-7776. [PMID: 30423249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic-waveguide lasers, which exhibit subdiffraction limit lasing and light propagation, are promising for the next-generation of nanophotonic devices in computation, communication, and biosensing. Plasmonic lasers supporting waveguide modes are often based on nanowires grown with bottom-up techniques that need to be transferred and aligned for use in optical circuits. Here, we demonstrate a monolithically fabricated ZnO/Al plasmonic-waveguide nanolaser compatible with the fabrication requirements of on-chip circuits. The nanolaser is designed with a plasmonic metal layer on the top of the laser cavity only, providing highly efficient energy transfer between photons, excitons, and plasmons, and achieving lasing in the ultraviolet region up to 330 K with a low threshold intensity (0.20 mJ/cm2 at room temperature). This work demonstrates the realization of a plasmonic-waveguide nanolaser without the need for transfer and positioning steps, which is the key for on-chip integration of nanophotonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Lun Ho
- School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - J Kenji Clark
- School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - A Syazwan A Kamal
- School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Jean-Jacques Delaunay
- School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
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80
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Scott JA, Angeloski A, Aharonovich I, Lobo CJ, McDonagh A, Toth M. In situ study of the precursor conversion reactions during solventless synthesis of Co 9S 8, Ni 3S 2, Co and Ni nanowires. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:15669-15676. [PMID: 30091764 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02093k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of Co9S8, Ni3S2, Co and Ni nanowires by solventless thermolysis of a mixture of metal(ii) acetate and cysteine in vacuum is reported. The simple precursor system enables the nanowire phase to be tuned from pure metal (Co or Ni) to metal sulfide (Co9S8, Ni3S2) by varying the relative concentration of the metal(ii) acetate. The growth environment facilitates new insights through in situ characterization using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and thermogravimetric analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TGA-GC-MS). Direct observation by FESEM shows the temperature at which nanowire growth occurs and suggests adatoms are incorporated into the base of the growing nanowire. TGA-GC-MS reveals the rates of precursor decomposition and identity of the volatilized ligand fragments during heat-up and at the nanowire growth temperature. Our results constitute a new approach for the selective fabrication of high quality Co9S8 and Ni3S2 nanowires and more importantly provides new understanding of precursor decomposition reactions that support symmetry-breaking growth in nanocrystals by heat-up synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Scott
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia.
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81
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Pita IA, Kumbham M, Schmidt M, Gleeson M, Ryan KM, Silien C, Liu N. Surface plasmon propagation enhancement via bowtie antenna incorporation in Au-mica block waveguides. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:E50-E56. [PMID: 30117921 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.000e50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The optimum geometry for waveguide propagation was determined by comparing bowtie and semicircle antenna cuts to a standard plain waveguide with a 635 nm laser. The results of both experimental data and COMSOL simulations proved that the bowtie antenna increased waveguide output in comparison to the plain waveguide with the semicircle pattern showing no enhancement. It was also determined that the propagation was highest when the polarization direction of the laser was perpendicular to the direction of the waveguide for all patterns, while polarization along the propagation direction led to little or no output in all antenna and plain waveguide cases. The waveguide output of the bowtie antenna and plain structures was then measured using a tunable laser for wavelengths from 570 nm to 958 nm under both parallel and perpendicular polarization conditions. The results indicated that the bowtie antenna performed better over the entire range with an average increase factor of 2.12±0.40 over the plain waveguide pattern when perpendicularly polarized to the waveguide direction, and 1.10±0.48 when parallel. The measured values indicate that the structure could have applications in broadband devices.
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82
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Gao L, Chen L, Wei H, Xu H. Lithographically fabricated gold nanowire waveguides for plasmonic routers and logic gates. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:11923-11929. [PMID: 29901054 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01827h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Fabricating plasmonic nanowire waveguides and circuits by lithographic fabrication methods is highly desired for nanophotonic circuitry applications. Here we report an approach for fabricating metal nanowire networks by using electron beam lithography and metal film deposition techniques. The gold nanowire structures are fabricated on quartz substrates without using any adhesion layer but coated with a thin layer of Al2O3 film for immobilization. The thermal annealing during the Al2O3 deposition process decreases the surface plasmon loss. In a Y-shaped gold nanowire network, the surface plasmons can be routed to different branches by controlling the polarization of the excitation light, and the routing behavior is dependent on the length of the main nanowire. Simulated electric field distributions show that the zigzag distribution of the electric field in the nanowire network determines the surface plasmon routing. By using two laser beams to excite surface plasmons in a Y-shaped nanowire network, the output intensity can be modulated by the interference of surface plasmons, which can be used to design Boolean logic gates. We experimentally demonstrate that AND, OR, XOR and NOT gates can be realized in three-terminal nanowire networks, and NAND, NOR and XNOR gates can be realized in four-terminal nanowire networks. This work takes a step toward the fabrication of on-chip integrated plasmonic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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83
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Coca-López N, Hartmann NF, Mancabelli T, Kraus J, Günther S, Comin A, Hartschuh A. Remote excitation and detection of surface-enhanced Raman scattering from graphene. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:10498-10504. [PMID: 29799601 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02174k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the remote excitation and detection of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from graphene using a silver nanowire as a plasmonic waveguide. By investigating a nanowire touching a graphene sheet at only one terminal, we first show the remote excitation of SERS from graphene by propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) launched by a focused laser over distances on the order of 10 μm. Remote detection of SERS is then demonstrated for the same nanowire by detecting light emission at the distal end of the nanowire that was launched by graphene Raman scattering and carried to the end of the nanowire by SPPs. We then show that the transfer of the excitation and Raman scattered light along the nanowire can also be visualized through spectrally selective back focal plane imaging. Back focal plane images detected upon focused laser excitation at one of the nanowire's tips reveal propagating surface plasmon polaritons at the laser energy and at the energies of the most prominent Raman bands of graphene. With this approach the identification of remote excitation and detection of SERS for nanowires completely covering the Raman scatterer is achieved, which is typically not possible by direct imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Coca-López
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), LMU Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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84
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Li Q, Pan D, Wei H, Xu H. Plasmon-Assisted Selective and Super-Resolving Excitation of Individual Quantum Emitters on a Metal Nanowire. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:2009-2015. [PMID: 29485884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b05448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid systems composed of multiple quantum emitters coupled with plasmonic waveguides are promising building blocks for future integrated quantum nanophotonic circuits. The techniques that can super-resolve and selectively excite contiguous quantum emitters in a diffraction-limited area are of great importance for studying the plasmon-mediated interaction between quantum emitters and manipulating the single plasmon generation and propagation in plasmonic circuits. Here we show that multiple quantum dots coupled with a silver nanowire can be controllably excited by tuning the interference field of surface plasmons on the nanowire. Because of the period of the interference pattern is much smaller than the diffraction limit, we demonstrate the selective excitation of two quantum dots separated by a distance as short as 100 nm. We also numerically demonstrate a new kind of super-resolution imaging method that combines the tunable surface plasmon interference pattern on the NW with the structured illumination microscopy technique. Our work provides a novel high-resolution optical excitation and imaging method for the coupled systems of multiple quantum emitters and plasmonic waveguides, which adds a new tool for studying and manipulating single quantum emitters and single plasmons for quantum plasmonic circuitry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Deng Pan
- School of Physics and Technology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Hong Wei
- Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School of Physics and Technology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
- Institute for Advanced Studies , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
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