51
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Han X, Park J, Wu W, Malagon A, Wang L, Vargas E, Wikramanayake A, Houk KN, Leblanc RM. A resorcinarene for inhibition of Aβ fibrillation. Chem Sci 2017; 8:2003-2009. [PMID: 28451317 PMCID: PMC5398272 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04854d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) fibrillation is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it has been challenging to discover potent agents in order to inhibit Aβ fibrillation. Herein, we demonstrated the effect of resorcinarene on inhibiting Aβ fibrillation in vitro via experimental and computational methods. Aβ were incubated with different concentrations of resorcinarene so as to monitor the kinetics by using thioflavin T binding assay. The results, which were further confirmed by far-UV CD spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, strongly indicated that the higher concentration of resorcinarene, the more effective the inhibition of Aβ fibrillation. A cytotoxicity study showed that when sea urchin embryos were exposed to the resorcinarene, the majority survived due to the resorcinarene low toxicity. In addition, when the resorcinarene was added, the formation of toxic Aβ 42 species was delayed. Computational studies of Aβ fibrillation, including docking simulations and MD simulations, illustrated that the interaction between inhibitor resorcinarene and Aβ is driven by the non-polar interactions. These studies display a novel strategy for the exploration of promising antiamyloiddogenic agents for AD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- Department of Chemistry , Cox Science Center , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , USA .
| | - Jiyong Park
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , USA .
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Biology , Cox Science Center , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , USA
| | - Andres Malagon
- Departamento de Quimica , Universidad de los Andes , Cr. 1 No. 18A 10 , Bogota 111711 , Colombia
| | - Lingyu Wang
- Department of Biology , Cox Science Center , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , USA
| | - Edgar Vargas
- Departamento de Quimica , Universidad de los Andes , Cr. 1 No. 18A 10 , Bogota 111711 , Colombia
| | - Athula Wikramanayake
- Department of Biology , Cox Science Center , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , USA
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , USA .
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry , Cox Science Center , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , USA .
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52
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Breydo L, Redington JM, Uversky VN. Effects of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors on Aggregation of Physiologically Important Intrinsically Disordered Proteins. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 329:145-185. [PMID: 28109327 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Misfolding and aggregation of proteins and peptides play an important role in a number of diseases as well as in many physiological processes. Many of the proteins that misfold and aggregate in vivo are intrinsically disordered. Protein aggregation is a complex multistep process, and aggregates can significantly differ in morphology, structure, stability, cytotoxicity, and self-propagation ability. The aggregation process is influenced by both intrinsic (e.g., mutations and expression levels) and extrinsic (e.g., polypeptide chain truncation, macromolecular crowding, posttranslational modifications, as well as interaction with metal ions, other small molecules, lipid membranes, and chaperons) factors. This review examines the effect of a variety of these factors on aggregation of physiologically important intrinsically disordered proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Breydo
- Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.
| | - J M Redington
- Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - V N Uversky
- Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States; Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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53
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Seo J, Hoffmann W, Warnke S, Huang X, Gewinner S, Schöllkopf W, Bowers MT, von Helden G, Pagel K. An infrared spectroscopy approach to follow β-sheet formation in peptide amyloid assemblies. Nat Chem 2016; 9:39-44. [PMID: 27995915 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Amyloidogenic peptides and proteins play a crucial role in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. These proteins undergo a spontaneous transition from a soluble, often partially folded form, into insoluble amyloid fibrils that are rich in β-sheets. Increasing evidence suggests that highly dynamic, polydisperse folding intermediates, which occur during fibril formation, are the toxic species in the amyloid-related diseases. Traditional condensed-phase methods are of limited use for characterizing these states because they typically only provide ensemble averages rather than information about individual oligomers. Here we report the first direct secondary-structure analysis of individual amyloid intermediates using a combination of ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry and gas-phase infrared spectroscopy. Our data reveal that oligomers of the fibril-forming peptide segments VEALYL and YVEALL, which consist of 4-9 peptide strands, can contain a significant amount of β-sheet. In addition, our data show that the more-extended variants of each oligomer generally exhibit increased β-sheet content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongcheol Seo
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Waldemar Hoffmann
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Stephan Warnke
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Xing Huang
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Sandy Gewinner
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Wieland Schöllkopf
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Michael T Bowers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Gert von Helden
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Kevin Pagel
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
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54
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de Almeida NEC, Do TD, Tro M, LaPointe NE, Feinstein SC, Shea JE, Bowers MT. Opposing Effects of Cucurbit[7]uril and 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucopyranose on Amyloid β25-35 Assembly. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:218-26. [PMID: 26629788 PMCID: PMC4758880 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by extracellular deposits of amyloid β protein (Aβ) in the brain. The conversion of soluble monomers to amyloid Aβ fibrils is a complicated process and involves several transient oligomeric species, which are widely believed to be highly toxic and play a crucial role in the etiology of AD. The development of inhibitors to prevent formation of small and midsized oligomers is a promising strategy for AD treatment. In this work, we employ ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to elucidate the structural modulation promoted by two potential inhibitors of Aβ oligomerization, cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) and 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucopyranose (PGG), on early oligomer and fibril formation of the Aβ25-35 fragment. One and two CB[7] molecules bind to Aβ25-35 monomers and dimers, respectively, and suppress aggregation by remodeling early oligomer structures and inhibiting the formation of higher-order oligomers. On the other hand, nonselective binding was observed between PGG and Aβ25-35. The interactions between PGG and Aβ25-35, surprisingly, enhanced the formation of Aβ aggregates by promoting extended Aβ25-35 conformations in both homo- and hetero-oligomers. When both ligands were present, the inhibitory effect of CB[7] overrode the stimulatory effect of PGG on Aβ25-35 aggregation, suppressing the formation of large amyloid oligomers and eliminating the structural conversion from isotropic to β-rich topologies induced by PGG. Our results provide mechanistic insights into CB[7] and PGG action on Aβ oligomerization. They also demonstrate the power of the IMS technique to investigate mechanisms of multiple small-molecule agents on the amyloid formation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália E. C. de Almeida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Thanh D. Do
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Michael Tro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Nichole E. LaPointe
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Stuart C. Feinstein
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Joan-Emma Shea
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Michael T. Bowers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Corresponding author: Michael T. Bowers. Tel: +1-805-893-2673;
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55
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Roychaudhuri R, Zheng X, Lomakin A, Maiti P, Condron MM, Benedek GB, Bitan G, Bowers MT, Teplow DB. Role of Species-Specific Primary Structure Differences in Aβ42 Assembly and Neurotoxicity. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:1941-55. [PMID: 26421877 PMCID: PMC4844016 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of species express the amyloid β-protein (Aβ (the term "Aβ" refers both to Aβ40 and Aβ42, whereas "Aβ40" and "Aβ42" refer to each isoform specifically). Those species expressing Aβ with primary structure identical to that expressed in humans have been found to develop amyloid deposits and Alzheimer's disease-like neuropathology. In contrast, the Aβ sequence in mice and rats contains three amino acid substitutions, Arg5Gly, His13Arg, and Tyr10Phe, which apparently prevent the development of AD-like neuropathology. Interestingly, the brush-tailed rat, Octodon degus, expresses Aβ containing only one of these substitutions, His13Arg, and does develop AD-like pathology. We investigate here the biophysical and biological properties of Aβ peptides from humans, mice (Mus musculus), and rats (Octodon degus). We find that each peptide displays statistical coil → β-sheet secondary structure transitions, transitory formation of hydrophobic surfaces, oligomerization, formation of annuli, protofibrils, and fibrils, and an inverse correlation between rate of aggregation and aggregate size (faster aggregation produced smaller aggregates). The rank order of assembly rate was mouse > rat > Aβ42. The rank order of neurotoxicity of assemblies formed by each peptide immediately after preparation was Aβ42 > mouse ≈ rat. These data do not support long-standing hypotheses that the primary factor controlling development of AD-like neuropathology in rodents is Aβ sequence. Instead, the data support a hypothesis that assembly quaternary structure and organismal responses to toxic peptide assemblies mediate neuropathogenetic effects. The implication of this hypothesis is that a valid understanding of disease causation within a given system (organism, tissue, etc.) requires the coevaluation of both biophysical and cell biological properties of that system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Roychaudhuri
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Xueyun Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - Aleksey Lomakin
- Department of Physics and Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Panchanan Maiti
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Margaret M. Condron
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - George B. Benedek
- Department of Physics and Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Gal Bitan
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
- Molecular Biology Institute and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Michael T. Bowers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - David B. Teplow
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
- Molecular Biology Institute and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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56
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Zheng X, Liu D, Roychaudhuri R, Teplow DB, Bowers MT. Amyloid β-Protein Assembly: Differential Effects of the Protective A2T Mutation and Recessive A2V Familial Alzheimer's Disease Mutation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:1732-40. [PMID: 26244608 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligomeric states of the amyloid β-protein (Aβ) appear to be causally related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, two familial mutations in the amyloid precursor protein gene have been described, both resulting in amino acid substitutions at Ala2 (A2) within Aβ. An A2V mutation causes autosomal recessive early onset AD. Interestingly, heterozygotes enjoy some protection against development of the disease. An A2T substitution protects against AD and age-related cognitive decline in non-AD patients. Here, we use ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) to examine the effects of these mutations on Aβ assembly. These studies reveal different assembly pathways for early oligomer formation for each peptide. A2T Aβ42 formed dimers, tetramers, and hexamers, but dodecamer formation was inhibited. In contrast, no significant effects on Aβ40 assembly were observed. A2V Aβ42 also formed dimers, tetramers, and hexamers, but it did not form dodecamers. However, A2V Aβ42 formed trimers, unlike A2T or wild-type (wt) Aβ42. In addition, the A2V substitution caused Aβ40 to oligomerize similar to that of wt Aβ42, as evidenced by the formation of dimers, tetramers, hexamers, and dodecamers. In contrast, wt Aβ40 formed only dimers and tetramers. These results provide a basis for understanding how these two mutations lead to, or protect against, AD. They also suggest that the Aβ N-terminus, in addition to the oft discussed central hydrophobic cluster and C-terminus, can play a key role in controlling disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyun Zheng
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Deyu Liu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Robin Roychaudhuri
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School
of Medicine, Molecular Biology Institute and Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - David B. Teplow
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School
of Medicine, Molecular Biology Institute and Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Michael T. Bowers
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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57
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Zheng X, Wu C, Liu D, Li H, Bitan G, Shea JE, Bowers MT. Mechanism of C-Terminal Fragments of Amyloid β-Protein as Aβ Inhibitors: Do C-Terminal Interactions Play a Key Role in Their Inhibitory Activity? J Phys Chem B 2015; 120:1615-23. [PMID: 26439281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b08177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the early oligomerization of amyloid β protein (Aβ) is a promising therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, certain C-terminal fragments (CTFs) derived from Aβ42 were shown to be potent inhibitors of Aβ-induced toxicity. The shortest peptide studied, Aβ(39-42), has been shown to modulate Aβ oligomerization and inhibit Aβ toxicity. Understanding the mechanism of these CTFs, especially Aβ(39-42), is of significance for future therapeutic development of AD and peptidomimetic-based drug development. Here we used ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry to investigate the interactions between two modified Aβ(39-42) derivatives, VVIA-NH2 and Ac-VVIA, and full-length Aβ42. VVIA-NH2 was previously shown to inhibit Aβ toxicity, whereas Ac-VVIA did not. Our mass spectrometry analysis revealed that VVIA-NH2 binds directly to Aβ42 monomer and small oligomers while Ac-VVIA binds only to Aβ42 monomer. Ion mobility studies showed that VVIA-NH2 modulates Aβ42 oligomerization by not only inhibiting the dodecamer formation but also disaggregating preformed Aβ42 dodecamer. Ac-VVIA also inhibits and removes preformed Aβ42 dodecamer. However, the Aβ42 sample with the addition of Ac-VVIA clogged the nanospray tip easily, indicating that larger aggregates are formed in the solution in the presence of Ac-VVIA. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that VVIA-NH2 binds specifically to the C-terminal region of Aβ42 while Ac-VVIA binds dispersedly to multiple regions of Aβ42. This work implies that C-terminal interactions and binding to Aβ oligomers are important for C-terminal fragment inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyun Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ∥Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, §Brain Research Institute, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ∥Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, §Brain Research Institute, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Deyu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ∥Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, §Brain Research Institute, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Huiyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ∥Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, §Brain Research Institute, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Gal Bitan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ∥Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, §Brain Research Institute, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Joan-Emma Shea
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ∥Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, §Brain Research Institute, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Michael T Bowers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and ∥Department of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, §Brain Research Institute, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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58
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Pujol-Pina R, Vilaprinyó-Pascual S, Mazzucato R, Arcella A, Vilaseca M, Orozco M, Carulla N. SDS-PAGE analysis of Aβ oligomers is disserving research into Alzheimer´s disease: appealing for ESI-IM-MS. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14809. [PMID: 26450154 PMCID: PMC4598734 DOI: 10.1038/srep14809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) oligomer forms and structures is crucial to the advancement in the field of Alzheimer´s disease (AD). Here we report a critical evaluation of two methods used for this purpose, namely sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), extensively used in the field, and ion mobility coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-IM-MS), an emerging technique with great potential for oligomer characterization. To evaluate their performance, we first obtained pure cross-linked Aβ40 and Aβ42 oligomers of well-defined order. Analysis of these samples by SDS-PAGE revealed that SDS affects the oligomerization state of Aβ42 oligomers, thus providing flawed information on their order and distribution. In contrast, ESI-IM-MS provided accurate information, while also reported on the chemical nature and on the structure of the oligomers. Our findings have important implications as they challenge scientific paradigms in the AD field built upon SDS-PAGE characterization of Aβ oligomer samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Pujol-Pina
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | | | - Roberta Mazzucato
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Annalisa Arcella
- Joint IRB-BSC Research Program in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Marta Vilaseca
- Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Modesto Orozco
- Joint IRB-BSC Research Program in Computational Biology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 647, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Natàlia Carulla
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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59
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Lump E, Castellano LM, Meier C, Seeliger J, Erwin N, Sperlich B, Stürzel CM, Usmani S, Hammond RM, von Einem J, Gerold G, Kreppel F, Bravo-Rodriguez K, Pietschmann T, Holmes VM, Palesch D, Zirafi O, Weissman D, Sowislok A, Wettig B, Heid C, Kirchhoff F, Weil T, Klärner FG, Schrader T, Bitan G, Sanchez-Garcia E, Winter R, Shorter J, Münch J. A molecular tweezer antagonizes seminal amyloids and HIV infection. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 26284498 PMCID: PMC4536748 DOI: 10.7554/elife.05397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Semen is the main vector for HIV transmission and contains amyloid fibrils that enhance viral infection. Available microbicides that target viral components have proven largely ineffective in preventing sexual virus transmission. In this study, we establish that CLR01, a ‘molecular tweezer’ specific for lysine and arginine residues, inhibits the formation of infectivity-enhancing seminal amyloids and remodels preformed fibrils. Moreover, CLR01 abrogates semen-mediated enhancement of viral infection by preventing the formation of virion–amyloid complexes and by directly disrupting the membrane integrity of HIV and other enveloped viruses. We establish that CLR01 acts by binding to the target lysine and arginine residues rather than by a non-specific, colloidal mechanism. CLR01 counteracts both host factors that may be important for HIV transmission and the pathogen itself. These combined anti-amyloid and antiviral activities make CLR01 a promising topical microbicide for blocking infection by HIV and other sexually transmitted viruses. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.05397.001 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a sexually transmitted virus that can cause a serious disease that weakens the immune system. The virus is most commonly transmitted between individuals in semen, the male reproductive fluid. Semen contains deposits of protein fragments called amyloid fibrils, which can increase the transmission of HIV by trapping viral particles. This helps the virus to attach to the membranes surrounding human cells, which increases the risk of infection. Therefore, therapies that reduce the levels of amyloid fibrils in semen might be able to reduce the transmission of HIV. Drugs that prevent amyloid formation are already being developed because structurally similar fibrils can also form in the brains of individuals with neurodegenerative diseases. One such molecule—called CLR01—works by binding to particular sites on the proteins that form fibrils in the brain. This inhibits fibril formation and slowly disassembles the fibrils that have already formed. CLR01 physically interacts with these residues in a way that resembles a tweezer. The peptides in the amyloid fibrils in semen also have these sites, which suggests that CLR01 might also disrupt amyloid fibrils from forming in semen. Here Lump and Castellano et al. show that CLR01 can both disrupt fibril formation and remodel fibrils that have already formed. In addition, CLR01 prevents HIV particles from interacting with these fibrils and can displace the virus particles that have already bound to the fibrils. In the presence of CLR01, human cells exposed to semen that contained HIV were less likely to become infected with the virus. Unexpectedly, CLR01 also directly destroys HIV and other enveloped viruses such as HCV or HSV particles by disrupting the membranes that surround the virus. Therefore, Lump and Castellano et al.'s findings reveal that CLR01 has considerable potential to be used as an agent for reducing the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted viral diseases. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.05397.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Edina Lump
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Laura M Castellano
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.,Pharmacology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Christoph Meier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III/Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Janine Seeliger
- Physical Chemistry I-Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nelli Erwin
- Physical Chemistry I-Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Benjamin Sperlich
- Physical Chemistry I-Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christina M Stürzel
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Shariq Usmani
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rebecca M Hammond
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.,Biology Department, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, United States
| | - Jens von Einem
- Institute of Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gisa Gerold
- Institute of Experimental Virology, Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Kreppel
- Institute of Gene Therapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Pietschmann
- Institute of Experimental Virology, Twincore, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Veronica M Holmes
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - David Palesch
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Onofrio Zirafi
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Drew Weissman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Andrea Sowislok
- Department of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Burkhard Wettig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Heid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.,Ulm-Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III/Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Ulm-Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Schrader
- Department of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gal Bitan
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States.,Brain Research Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | | | - Roland Winter
- Physical Chemistry I-Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - James Shorter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.,Pharmacology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Jan Münch
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.,Ulm-Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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60
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Breydo L, Uversky VN. Structural, morphological, and functional diversity of amyloid oligomers. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:2640-8. [PMID: 26188543 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation are known to play a crucial role in a number of important human diseases (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, prion, diabetes, cataracts, etc.) as well as in a multitude of physiological processes. Protein aggregation is a highly complex process resulting in a variety of aggregates with different structures and morphologies. Oligomeric protein aggregates (amyloid oligomers) are formed as both intermediates and final products of the aggregation process. They are believed to play an important role in many protein aggregation-related diseases, and many of them are highly cytotoxic. Due to their instability and structural heterogeneity, information about structure, mechanism of formation, and physiological effects of amyloid oligomers is sparse. This review attempts to summarize the existing information on the major properties of amyloid oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Breydo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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61
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Lopes DHJ, Attar A, Nair G, Hayden EY, Du Z, McDaniel K, Dutt S, Bandmann H, Bravo-Rodriguez K, Mittal S, Klärner FG, Wang C, Sanchez-Garcia E, Schrader T, Bitan G. Molecular tweezers inhibit islet amyloid polypeptide assembly and toxicity by a new mechanism. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:1555-69. [PMID: 25844890 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In type-2 diabetes (T2D), islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) self-associates into toxic assemblies causing islet β-cell death. Therefore, preventing IAPP toxicity is a promising therapeutic strategy for T2D. The molecular tweezer CLR01 is a supramolecular tool for selective complexation of K residues in (poly)peptides. Surprisingly, it inhibits IAPP aggregation at substoichiometric concentrations even though IAPP has only one K residue at position 1, whereas efficient inhibition of IAPP toxicity requires excess CLR01. The basis for this peculiar behavior is not clear. Here, a combination of biochemical, biophysical, spectroscopic, and computational methods reveals a detailed mechanistic picture of the unique dual inhibition mechanism for CLR01. At low concentrations, CLR01 binds to K1, presumably nucleating nonamyloidogenic, yet toxic, structures, whereas excess CLR01 binds also to R11, leading to nontoxic structures. Encouragingly, the CLR01 concentrations needed for inhibition of IAPP toxicity are safe in vivo, supporting its development toward disease-modifying therapy for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhenming Du
- Department of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | | | - Som Dutt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Heinz Bandmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | | | - Sumit Mittal
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Frank-Gerrit Klärner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | | | - Thomas Schrader
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
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62
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Herzog G, Shmueli MD, Levy L, Engel L, Gazit E, Klärner FG, Schrader T, Bitan G, Segal D. The Lys-Specific Molecular Tweezer, CLR01, Modulates Aggregation of the Mutant p53 DNA Binding Domain and Inhibits Its Toxicity. Biochemistry 2015; 54:3729-38. [DOI: 10.1021/bi501092p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gal Herzog
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel 69978
| | - Merav D. Shmueli
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel 69978
| | - Limor Levy
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel 69978
| | - Liat Engel
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel 69978
| | - Ehud Gazit
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel 69978
| | - Frank-Gerrit Klärner
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Gal Bitan
- Department
of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Brain Research Institute,
and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los
Angeles, California 90095-7334, United States
| | - Daniel Segal
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel 69978
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