51
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Bandegi A, Amirkhosravi M, Meng H, Aghjeh MKR, Manas‐Zloczower I. Vitrimerization of Crosslinked Unsaturated Polyester Resins: A Mechanochemical Approach to Recycle and Reprocess Thermosets. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2022; 6:2200036. [PMID: 35860393 PMCID: PMC9284659 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202200036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Unsaturated polyester resins (UPRs) are expansively used in different applications and recycling the significant amounts of UPR waste is still a universal problem. Vitrimerization is a feasible, environmental-friendly, cost effective, and operative method, which can be used for recycling the crosslinked UPRs. In this method, the thermoset permanent network is changed into a dynamic network similar to the vitrimer-type polymers. The results show that the existence of a transesterification catalyst in the system significantly enhances the efficiency of vitrimerization. The vitrimerized UPR thermosets can be reprocessed three times with mechanical properties comparable to the initial UPR. The results show that the excess of external hydroxyl groups in the system can prevent the formation of zinc ligand complexes in the network and consequently reduce the crosslinked density and mechanical properties of vitrimerized samples. The vitrimerized thermoset powder can be reprocessed through injection molding, extrusion, and compression molding which are conventional thermoplastic processing techniques. The unrecyclable UPR thermoset wastes can be recycled and reused through vitrimerization with the least loss in mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Bandegi
- Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringCase Western Reserve University2100 Adelbert Road, Kent Hale Smith BldgClevelandOH44106USA
| | - Mehrad Amirkhosravi
- Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringCase Western Reserve University2100 Adelbert Road, Kent Hale Smith BldgClevelandOH44106USA
| | - Haotian Meng
- Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringCase Western Reserve University2100 Adelbert Road, Kent Hale Smith BldgClevelandOH44106USA
| | - Mir Karim Razavi Aghjeh
- Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringCase Western Reserve University2100 Adelbert Road, Kent Hale Smith BldgClevelandOH44106USA
- Institute of Polymeric MaterialsFaculty of Polymer EngineeringSahand University of TechnologySahand New TownTabriz51335–1996Iran
| | - Ica Manas‐Zloczower
- Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringCase Western Reserve University2100 Adelbert Road, Kent Hale Smith BldgClevelandOH44106USA
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52
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Ding XM, Chen L, Luo X, He FM, Xiao YF, Wang YZ. Biomass-derived dynamic covalent epoxy thermoset with robust mechanical properties and facile malleability. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.10.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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53
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Abdur Rashid M, Liu W, Wei Y, Jiang Q. Review of reversible dynamic bonds containing intrinsically flame retardant biomass thermosets. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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54
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Wang M, Gao H, Wang Z, Mao Y, Yang J, Wu B, Jin L, Zhang C, Xia Y, Zhang K. Rapid self-healed vitrimers via tailored hydroxyl esters and disulfide bonds. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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55
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Lucherelli MA, Duval A, Avérous L. Biobased vitrimers: Towards sustainable and adaptable performing polymer materials. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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56
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Sivanesan D, Seo B, Lim C, Song J, Kim H. Synthesis of isoeugenol biobased epoxy polymer by forming
α‐hydroxyl
ester and degradation studies. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmalingam Sivanesan
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Ulsan South Korea
| | - Bongkuk Seo
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Ulsan South Korea
| | - Choong‐Sun Lim
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Ulsan South Korea
| | - Jinyoung Song
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Ulsan South Korea
| | - Hyeon‐Gook Kim
- Advanced Industrial Chemistry Research Center, Advanced Convergent Chemistry Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Ulsan South Korea
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57
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Zhou W, Yi J, Pei Z, Xie S, Feng D. Preliminary design of recyclable epoxy asphalt: Regeneration feasibility analysis and environmental impact assessment. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Zhou
- School of Transportation Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
| | - Junyan Yi
- School of Transportation Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
| | - Zhongshi Pei
- School of Transportation Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
| | - Sainan Xie
- School of Transportation Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
| | - Decheng Feng
- School of Transportation Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
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58
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Feng H, Jin D, Wang S, Hu J, Dai J, Yan S, Liu X. Design of controllable degradable epoxy resin: High performance and feasible upcycling. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
| | - Dandan Jin
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
| | - Shuaipeng Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
| | - Jingyuan Hu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
| | - Jinyue Dai
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
| | - Shifeng Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies of Zhejiang Province Ningbo China
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59
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Liguori A, Hakkarainen M. Designed from Biobased for Recycling: Imine-Based Covalent Adaptable Networks. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2100816. [PMID: 35080074 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Turning thermosets into fully sustainable materials requires utilization of biobased raw materials and design for easy recyclability. Here, dynamic covalent chemistry for fabrication of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) could be an enabling tool. CAN thermosets ideally combine the positive material properties of thermosets with thermal recyclability of linear thermoplastics. Among the dynamic covalent bonds, imine bond, also called Schiff base, can participate in both dissociative and associative pathways. This induces potential for chemical recyclability, thermal reprocessability and self-healing. This review presents an overview of the current research front of biobased thermosets fabricated by Schiff base chemistry. The discussed materials are categorized on the basis of the employed biobased components. The chemical approaches for the synthesis and curing of the resins, as well as the resulting properties and recyclability of the obtained thermosets are described and discussed. Finally, challenges and future perspectives are briefly summarized. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Liguori
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 58, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 58, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
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60
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Zhong L, Hao Y, Zhang J, Wei F, Li T, Miao M, Zhang D. Closed-Loop Recyclable Fully Bio-Based Epoxy Vitrimers from Ferulic Acid-Derived Hyperbranched Epoxy Resin. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liuyue Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, Hubei R&D Center of Hyperbranched Polymers Synthesis and Applications, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yanxin Hao
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, Hubei R&D Center of Hyperbranched Polymers Synthesis and Applications, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Junheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, Hubei R&D Center of Hyperbranched Polymers Synthesis and Applications, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, Hubei R&D Center of Hyperbranched Polymers Synthesis and Applications, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tingcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, Hubei R&D Center of Hyperbranched Polymers Synthesis and Applications, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Menghe Miao
- CSIRO Manufacturing, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Daohong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, Hubei R&D Center of Hyperbranched Polymers Synthesis and Applications, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
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61
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Wang Y, Jin B, Ye D, Liu Z. Fully recyclable carbon fiber reinforced vanillin-based epoxy vitrimers. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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62
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Liu X, Song X, Chen B, Liu J, Feng Z, Zhang W, Zeng J, Liang L. Self-healing and shape-memory epoxy thermosets based on dynamic diselenide bonds. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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63
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He E, Yao Y, Zhang Y, Wei Y, Ji Y. Reprocessing of Vitrimer. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a22020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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64
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Wang Y, Xiong Y, Hu C, Yang J, Huang Y. Low-dielectric styrene resins with high mechanical strength and good (re)processability via constructing imine-crosslinked network and introducing small amount of amino molecules. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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65
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Chen M, Si H, Zhang H, Zhou L, Wu Y, Song L, Kang M, Zhao XL. The Crucial Role in Controlling the Dynamic Properties of Polyester-Based Epoxy Vitrimers: The Density of Exchangeable Ester Bonds (υ). Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mao Chen
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Hongwei Si
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yeping Wu
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Lixian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Ming Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xiu-Li Zhao
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
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66
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Li G, Zhang X, Yang S, Li T, Wang Y, Chen M, Dong W. Fabricating a Repairable, Recyclable, Imine-based Dynamic Covalent Thermosetting Resin with Excellent Water Resistance by Introducing Dynamic Covalent Oxime Bonds. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:4340-4348. [PMID: 34467655 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The sustainable production of adaptive, recyclable and imine-based dynamic covalent thermosetting resins (DCTRs) presents an opportunity for polymer scientists to address the prevalent environmental and energy concerns associated with current petroleum-based plastics. However, the imine-based DCTRs easily decompose in the presence of water, which can weaken the mechanical properties in imine-based polymers. In this study, we designed oxime-imine DCTRs that are stable in the presence of water and exhibit good mechanical properties. In the presence of one kind of amino group catalyst, the oxime-imine DCTRs could be completely recycled. Additionally, these well-designed oxime-imine DCTRs have good mechanical properties, high glass transition temperatures (166 °C), and good thermal stabilities. Taken together, this work offers a sustainable solution for the design and manufacture of high-value degradable materials intended for applications in which recyclability and reusability are indispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Shuobing Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Ting Li
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Mingqing Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Weifu Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
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67
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Bio-based vitrimer-like polyurethane based on dynamic imine bond with high-strength, reprocessability, rapid-degradability and antibacterial ability. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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68
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69
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Yu R, Petit E, Barboiu M, Li S, Sun W, Chen C. Biobased dynamic hydrogels by reversible imine bonding for controlled release of thymopentin. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 127:112210. [PMID: 34225862 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Thymopentin (TP5) is widely used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, but the short in vivo half-life of TP5 strongly restricts its clinical applications. A series of blank and TP5 loaded hydrogels were synthesized via reversible dual imine bonding by mixing water soluble O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) with a dynamer (Dy) prepared from Jeffamine and benzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde. TP5 release from hydrogels was studied at 37 °C under in vitro conditions. The molar mass of CMCS, drug loading conditions and drug content were varied to elucidate their effects on hydrogel properties and drug release behaviors. Density functional theory was applied to theoretically confirm the chemical connections between TP5 or CMCS with Dy. All hydrogels exhibited interpenetrating porous architecture with average pore size from 59 to 83 μm, and pH-sensitive swelling up to 10,000% at pH 8. TP5 encapsulation affected the rheological properties of hydrogels as TP5 was partially attached to the network via imine bonding. Higher TP5 loading led to higher release rates. Faster release was observed at pH 5.5 than at pH 7.4 due to lower stability of imine bonds in acidic media. Fitting of release data using Higuchi model showed that initial TP5 release was essentially diffusion controlled. All these findings proved that the dynamic hydrogels are promising carriers for controlled delivery of hydrophilic drugs, and shed new light on the design of drug release systems by both physical mixing and reversible covalent bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yu
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Eddy Petit
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Mihail Barboiu
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Suming Li
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Wenjing Sun
- China-America Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China.
| | - Congmei Chen
- National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen (Shenzhen Cloud Computing Center), Guangdong, Shenzhen 518055, China
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70
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Yue L, Ke K, Amirkhosravi M, Gray TG, Manas-Zloczower I. Catalyst-Free Mechanochemical Recycling of Biobased Epoxy with Cellulose Nanocrystals. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4176-4183. [PMID: 35006830 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemical vitrimerization, as a method to recycle cross-linked thermosets by converting the permanent network into a recyclable and reprocessable vitrimer network, inevitably requires a catalyst to accelerate the bond exchange reactions. Here, we demonstrate a catalyst-free approach to achieve the recycling of a cross-linked biobased epoxy into high-performance nanocomposites with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). CNCs provide abundant free hydroxyl groups to promote the transesterification exchange reactions while also acting as reinforcing fillers for the resultant nanocomposites. This technique introduces an effective way to fabricate high-performance thermoset nanocomposites based on recycled polymers in an ecofriendly way, promoting the recycle and reuse of thermosets as sustainable nanocomposites for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yue
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Kent Hale Smith Bldg, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Kai Ke
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Mehrad Amirkhosravi
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Kent Hale Smith Bldg, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Thomas G Gray
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 2080 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Ica Manas-Zloczower
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Kent Hale Smith Bldg, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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71
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Cuminet F, Caillol S, Dantras É, Leclerc É, Ladmiral V. Neighboring Group Participation and Internal Catalysis Effects on Exchangeable Covalent Bonds: Application to the Thriving Field of Vitrimer Chemistry. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Éric Dantras
- CIRIMAT Physique des Polymères, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Éric Leclerc
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
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72
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Hanaoka T, Arao Y, Kayaki Y, Kuwata S, Kubouchi M. Analysis of nitric acid decomposition of epoxy resin network structures for chemical recycling. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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73
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Sivanesan D, Seo B, Lim CS, Kim S, Kim HG. Trifunctional cycloaliphatic epoxy-based thermoset polymers: Synthesis, polymerization, and characterization. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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74
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He X, Chen M, Wu H, Liao S, Luo Y, Hu J, Zeng K, Yang G. A novel, facile and straightforward approach to achieve high-performance and efficient utilization of sustainable tyrosine cyclic peptide. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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75
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Liu J, Wang S, Peng Y, Zhu J, Zhao W, Liu X. Advances in sustainable thermosetting resins: From renewable feedstock to high performance and recyclability. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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76
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Lee N, Kim YT, Lee J. Recent Advances in Renewable Polymer Production from Lignin-Derived Aldehydes. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:364. [PMID: 33498847 PMCID: PMC7865860 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin directly derived from lignocellulosic biomass has been named a promising source of platform chemicals for the production of bio-based polymers. This review discusses potentially relevant routes to produce renewable aromatic aldehydes (e.g., syringaldehyde and vanillin) from lignin feedstocks (pre-isolated lignin or lignocellulose) that are used to synthesize a range of bio-based polymers. To do this, the processes to make aromatic aldehydes from lignin with their highest available yields are first presented. After that, the routes from such aldehydes to different polymers are explored. Challenges and perspectives of the production the lignin-derived renewable chemicals and polymers are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahyeon Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - Yong Tae Kim
- C1 Gas & Carbon Convergent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34114, Korea;
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Suwon 16499, Korea;
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Suwon 16499, Korea
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77
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Cao X, Zhang P, Guo N, Tong Y, Xu Q, Zhou D, Feng Z. Self-healing solid polymer electrolyte based on imine bonds for high safety and stable lithium metal batteries. RSC Adv 2021; 11:2985-2994. [PMID: 35424250 PMCID: PMC8694013 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10035h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their low flammability, good dimensional stability and chemical stability, solid polymer electrolytes are currently attracting extensive interest for building lithium metal batteries. But severe safety issues such as cracks or breakage, resulting in short circuits will prevent their widespread application. Here, we report a new design of self-healing solid polymer electrolyte (ShSPE) based on imine bonds, fabricated from varying amounts of polyoxyethylenebis(amine) and terephthalaldehyde through a simple Schiff base reaction. Moreover, adding diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A improves the flexibility and high stretchability of the polymer electrolyte. The polymer networks exhibit good thermal stability and excellent self-healing characteristics. The ShSPE with the highest NH2-PEG-NH2 content (ShSPE-3) has an improved lithium ion transference number of 0.39, and exhibits an electrochemical stability up to 4.5 V vs. Li/Li+. ShSPE-3 shows the highest ionic conductivity of 1.67 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 60 °C. Besides, the interfacial stability of ShSPE-3 is promoted and the electrolyte membrane exhibits good cycling performance with LiFePO4, and the LiFePO4/Li cell exhibits an initial discharge capacity of 141.3 mA h g -1. These results suggest that self-healing solid polymer electrolytes are promising candidates for high safety and stable lithium metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Cao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University 696 Fenghe South Avenue Nanchang 330063 China +86 791 83953373 +86 791 83953377
| | - Pengming Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University 696 Fenghe South Avenue Nanchang 330063 China +86 791 83953373 +86 791 83953377
| | - Nanping Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University 696 Fenghe South Avenue Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Yongfen Tong
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University 696 Fenghe South Avenue Nanchang 330063 China +86 791 83953373 +86 791 83953377
| | - Qiuhua Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University 696 Fenghe South Avenue Nanchang 330063 China +86 791 83953373 +86 791 83953377
| | - Dan Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University 696 Fenghe South Avenue Nanchang 330063 China +86 791 83953373 +86 791 83953377
| | - Zhijun Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University 696 Fenghe South Avenue Nanchang 330063 China
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78
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Paolillo S, Bose RK, Santana MH, Grande AM. Intrinsic Self-Healing Epoxies in Polymer Matrix Composites (PMCs) for Aerospace Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:E201. [PMID: 33429922 PMCID: PMC7826775 DOI: 10.3390/polym13020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews some of the intrinsic self-healing epoxy materials that have been investigated throughout the course of the last twenty years. Emphasis is placed on those formulations suitable for the design of high-performance composites to be employed in the aerospace field. A brief introduction is given on the advantages of intrinsic self-healing polymers over extrinsic counterparts and of epoxies over other thermosetting systems. After a general description of the testing procedures adopted for the evaluation of the healing efficiency and the required features for a smooth implementation of such materials in the industry, different self-healing mechanisms, arising from either physical or chemical interactions, are detailed. The presented formulations are critically reviewed, comparing major strengths and weaknesses of their healing mechanisms, underlining the inherent structural polymer properties that may affect the healing phenomena. As many self-healing chemistries already provide the fundamental aspects for recyclability and reprocessability of thermosets, which have been historically thought as a critical issue, perspective trends of a circular economy for self-healing polymers are discussed along with their possible advances and challenges. This may open up the opportunity for a totally reconfigured landscape in composite manufacturing, with the net benefits of overall cost reduction and less waste. Some general drawbacks are also laid out along with some potential countermeasures to overcome or limit their impact. Finally, present and future applications in the aviation and space fields are portrayed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Paolillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Aerospaziali, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa, 34, 20156 Milano, Italy;
| | - Ranjita K. Bose
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Antonio M. Grande
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Aerospaziali, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa, 34, 20156 Milano, Italy;
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79
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Zhang Y, Wu Y, Li J, Zhang K. Catalyst-free room-temperature self-healing polymer networks based on dynamic covalent quinone methide-secondary amine chemistry. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00957e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel type of dynamic covalent polymer network with a catalyst-free room-temperature self-healing ability was developed on a new dynamic covalent chemistry of aza-Michael addition between para-quinone methide and secondary amine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxing Zhang
- Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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80
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Jiang H, Cheng M, Ai C, Meng F, Mou Y, Sun S, Li C, Hu S. Surface modified halloysite nanotube enhanced imine-based epoxy composites with high self-healing efficiency and excellent mechanical properties. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00715g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
(a) Schematic diagram of the self-healing mechanism. (b) Illustration of the cross-linking effect and the internal molecular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Caijiao Ai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Fanjie Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Yizeng Mou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Shuangqing Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Institute of Advanced Materials, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Chunling Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Institute of Advanced Materials, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Songqing Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Institute of Advanced Materials, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
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81
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Gao H, Sun Y, Wang M, Wu B, Han G, Jin L, Zhang K, Xia Y. Self-healable and reprocessable acrylate-based elastomers with exchangeable disulfide crosslinks by thiol-ene click chemistry. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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82
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Fang L, Tao Y, Zhou J, Wang C, Dai M, Sun J, Fang Q. A biobased low dielectric resin derived from vanillin and guaiacol. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01653e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A new bio-based low dielectric resin derived from vanillin and guaiacol has been synthesized, which exhibits good dielectric properties and high thermostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yangqing Tao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Junfeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Caiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Menglu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Qiang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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83
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Yang X, Guo M, Wu Y, Xue S, Li Z, Zhou H, Smith AT, Sun L. Biomimetic Boroxine-Based Multifunctional Thermosets via One-Pot Synthesis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:56445-56453. [PMID: 33327055 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Boroxine-based thermosets with remarkable mechanical tunability, self-healing ability, recyclability, and adhesive strength are of significant importance in various applications. However, complex multistep reactions are often required to prepare such thermosets. Herein, a facile one-pot approach to synthesize boroxine-based malleable thermosets is proposed. Random copolymers with pendant boronic acid groups were synthesized from alkenyl monomers containing boronic acids [4-vinylphenylboronic acid (4-VPBA), 3-vinylphenylboronic acid, or 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid] and octadecanoxy polyethylene glycol methacrylate. Then, the as-prepared copolymers were cured to form thermosets with boroxine bonds. The tensile strengths of the thermosets were tailored to range from 9.3 to 27.5 MPa by increasing the concentration of 4-VPBA. Moreover, because of the reversible nature of dynamic boroxine bonds (transformation between boroxines and boronic acids) induced by water, the thermosets exhibit remarkable self-healing efficiency (up to 99%), tunable mechanical properties, and excellent recyclability. Additionally, the thermosets also demonstrate superior adhesive strength (as high as 73.9 MPa) on different substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Meiling Guo
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Yuanpeng Wu
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Shishan Xue
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Andrew T Smith
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science and Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Luyi Sun
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science and Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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84
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Liu X, Liang L, Lu M, Song X, Liu H, Chen G. Water-resistant bio-based vitrimers based on dynamic imine bonds: Self-healability, remodelability and ecofriendly recyclability. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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85
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Di Mauro C, Malburet S, Graillot A, Mija A. Recyclable, Repairable, and Reshapable (3R) Thermoset Materials with Shape Memory Properties from Bio-Based Epoxidized Vegetable Oils. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:8094-8104. [PMID: 35019549 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of thermosets based on epoxidized vegetable oils (EVOs) involved a peculiar attention in recent years; however, most of them cannot be recycled once cross-linked. In the present work, epoxy thermosetting resins like-vitrimers with dynamic disulfide covalent bonds were prepared by copolymerizing twelve EVOs with 2,2'-dithiodibenzoic acid, as hardener. Here, we show for the first time the reprocessability, repairability, and recyclability properties of EVOs thermosets. The 3R abilities were evaluated in correlation with the EVO epoxy contents, which influence the final thermo-mechanical properties of the recycled material. The virgin versus recycled materials' comparison was studied by FT-IR, DSC, TGA, and DMA, also comparing their swelling ability and high gel content. The study investigates, in addition, the excellent shape memory properties of the reprocessed EVOs/disulfide materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Di Mauro
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR CNRS 7272, 28 Avenue Valrose, Nice Cedex 2 06108, France
| | - Samuel Malburet
- SPECIFIC POLYMERS, 150 Avenue des Cocardières, Zac Via Domitia, Castries 34160, France
| | - Alain Graillot
- SPECIFIC POLYMERS, 150 Avenue des Cocardières, Zac Via Domitia, Castries 34160, France
| | - Alice Mija
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR CNRS 7272, 28 Avenue Valrose, Nice Cedex 2 06108, France
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86
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Zhang F, Zhang L, Yaseen M, Huang K. A review on the self‐healing ability of epoxy polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fenglei Zhang
- Intelligent Transportation System Research Center Southeast University Nanjing China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Intelligent Transportation System Research Center Southeast University Nanjing China
| | - Muhammad Yaseen
- Institute of Chemical Sciences University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Kai Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China
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87
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Reprocessability of dynamic polydioxaborolane networks activated by heat, moisture and mechanical force. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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88
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Chen L, Zhu S, Toendepi I, Jiang Q, Wei Y, Qiu Y, Liu W. Reprocessable, Reworkable, and Mechanochromic Polyhexahydrotriazine Thermoset with Multiple Stimulus Responsiveness. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2375. [PMID: 33076573 PMCID: PMC7602728 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing recyclable, reworkable, and intelligent thermosetting polymers, as a long-standing challenge, is highly desirable for modern manufacturing industries. Herein, we report a polyhexahydrotriazine thermoset (PHT) prepared by a one-pot polycondensation between 4-aminophenyl disulfide and paraformaldehyde. The PHT has a glass transition temperature of 135 °C and good solvent resistance. The incorporation of dual stimuli-responsive groups (disulfide bond and hexahydrotriazine ring) endows the PHT with re-processability, re-workability, and damage monitoring function. The PHT can be repeatedly reprocessed by hot pressing, and a near 100% recovery of flexural strength is achieved. The PHT can also degrade in inorganic acid or organic thiol solutions at room temperature. The thermally reworkable test demonstrates that, after heating the PHT at 200 °C for 1 h, the residuals can be easily wiped off. Finally, the PHT exhibits a reversible mechanochromic behavior when damaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for High Performance Fiber Composites, Center for Civil Aviation Composites, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; (L.C.); (S.Z.); (I.T.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science &Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; (Q.J.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Siyao Zhu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for High Performance Fiber Composites, Center for Civil Aviation Composites, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; (L.C.); (S.Z.); (I.T.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science &Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; (Q.J.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Innocent Toendepi
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for High Performance Fiber Composites, Center for Civil Aviation Composites, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; (L.C.); (S.Z.); (I.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Qiuran Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science &Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; (Q.J.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Yi Wei
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for High Performance Fiber Composites, Center for Civil Aviation Composites, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; (L.C.); (S.Z.); (I.T.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science &Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; (Q.J.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Yiping Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science &Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; (Q.J.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Wanshuang Liu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for High Performance Fiber Composites, Center for Civil Aviation Composites, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; (L.C.); (S.Z.); (I.T.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science &Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China; (Q.J.); (Y.Q.)
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89
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Lai Y, Kuang X, Yang WH, Wang Y, Zhu P, Li JP, Dong X, Wang DJ. Dynamic Bonds Mediate π-π Interaction via Phase Locking Effect for Enhanced Heat Resistant Thermoplastic Polyurethane. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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90
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Wan J, Zhao J, Zhang X, Fan H, Zhang J, Hu D, Jin P, Wang DY. Epoxy thermosets and materials derived from bio-based monomeric phenols: Transformations and performances. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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91
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Eugenol-derived reconfigurable high-performance epoxy resin for self-deployable smart 3D structures. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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92
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Shen M, Cao H, Robertson ML. Hydrolysis and Solvolysis as Benign Routes for the End-of-Life Management of Thermoset Polymer Waste. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2020; 11:183-201. [PMID: 32250651 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-120919-012253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The production of thermoset polymers is increasing globally owing to their advantageous properties, particularly when applied as composite materials. Though these materials are traditionally used in more durable, longer-lasting applications, ultimately, they become waste at the end of their usable lifetimes. Current recycling practices are not applicable to traditional thermoset waste, owing to their network structures and lack of processability. Recently, researchers have been developing thermoset polymers with the right functionalities to be chemically degraded under relatively benign conditions postuse, providing a route to future management of thermoset waste. This review presents thermosets containing hydrolytically or solvolytically cleavable bonds, such as esters and acetals. Hydrolysis and solvolysis mechanisms are discussed, and various factors that influence the degradation rates are examined. Degradable thermosets with impressive mechanical, thermal, and adhesion behavior are discussed, illustrating that the design of material end-of-life need not limit material performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Shen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA;
| | - Hongda Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA;
| | - Megan L Robertson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA;
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93
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Guo Z, Liu B, Zhou L, Wang L, Majeed K, Zhang B, Zhou F, Zhang Q. Preparation of environmentally friendly bio-based vitrimers from vanillin derivatives by introducing two types of dynamic covalent C N and S–S bonds. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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94
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95
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Investigation on Self-healing Property of Epoxy Resins Based on Disulfide Dynamic Links. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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96
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O’Dea RM, Willie JA, Epps TH. 100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Polymers from Lignocellulosic Biomass. Current Challenges and Future Opportunities. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:476-493. [PMID: 35648496 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable polymers from lignocellulosic biomass have the potential to reduce the environmental impact of commercial plastics while also offering significant performance and cost benefits relative to petrochemical-derived macromolecules. However, most currently available biobased polymers are hampered by insufficient thermomechanical properties, low economic feasibility (e.g., high relative cost), and reduced scalability in comparison to petroleum-based incumbents. Future biobased materials must overcome these limitations to be competitive in the marketplace. Additionally, sustainability challenges at the beginning and end of the polymer lifecycle need to be addressed using green chemistry practices and improved end-of-life waste management strategies. This viewpoint provides an overview of recent developments that can mitigate many concerns with present materials and discusses key aspects of next-generation, biobased polymers derived from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. O’Dea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jordan A. Willie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Thomas H. Epps
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Center for Research in Soft matter and Polymers (CRiSP), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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97
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Self JL, Sample CS, Levi AE, Li K, Xie R, de Alaniz JR, Bates CM. Dynamic Bottlebrush Polymer Networks: Self-Healing in Super-Soft Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7567-7573. [PMID: 32227998 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a design strategy to expand the range of accessible mechanical properties in covalent adaptable networks (CANs) using bottlebrush polymer building blocks. Well-defined bottlebrush polymers with rubbery poly(4-methylcaprolactone) side chains were cross-linked in formulations that include a bislactone and strong Lewis acid (tin ethylhexanoate). The resulting materials exhibit tunable stress-relaxation rates at elevated temperatures (160-180 °C) due to dynamic ester cross-links that undergo transesterification with residual hydroxy groups. Varying the cross-linker loading or bottlebrush backbone degree of polymerization yields predictable low-frequency shear moduli ca. 10-100 kPa, well below values typical of linear polymer CANs (1 MPa). These extensible networks can be stretched to strains as large as 350% before failure and undergo efficient self-healing to recover >85% of their original toughness upon repeated fracture and melt processing. In summary, molecular architecture creates new opportunities to tailor the mechanical properties of CANs in ways that are otherwise difficult to achieve.
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98
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Wang S, Ma S, Li Q, Xu X, Wang B, Huang K, liu Y, Zhu J. Facile Preparation of Polyimine Vitrimers with Enhanced Creep Resistance and Thermal and Mechanical Properties via Metal Coordination. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Songqi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Binbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Kaifeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yanlin liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
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99
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Spiesschaert Y, Guerre M, De Baere I, Van Paepegem W, Winne JM, Du Prez FE. Dynamic Curing Agents for Amine-Hardened Epoxy Vitrimers with Short (Re)processing Times. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yann Spiesschaert
- Polymer Chemistry Research group and Laboratory for Organic Synthesis, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S4bis), 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc Guerre
- Polymer Chemistry Research group and Laboratory for Organic Synthesis, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S4bis), 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR5623, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 9 Toulouse, France
| | - Ives De Baere
- Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 46, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Paepegem
- Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 46, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Johan M. Winne
- Polymer Chemistry Research group and Laboratory for Organic Synthesis, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S4bis), 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip E. Du Prez
- Polymer Chemistry Research group and Laboratory for Organic Synthesis, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S4bis), 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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100
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Liu Q, Liu Y, Zheng H, Li C, Zhang Y, Zhang Q. Design and development of self‐repairable and recyclable crosslinked poly(thiourethane‐urethane) via enhanced aliphatic disulfide chemistry. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20190186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen People's Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Yibin Liu
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen People's Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zheng
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen People's Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Li
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen People's Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyu Zhang
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen People's Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
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