51
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Yang Y, Wang T, Tian F, Wang X, Hu Y, Xia X, Xu S. PEG-Induced Controllable Thin-Thickness Gradient and Water Retention: A Simple Way to Programme Deformation of Hydrogel Actuators. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2000749. [PMID: 34128581 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Building the differential growth through the thickness is a promising and challenging approach to design the morphing structures of hydrogel actuators. Besides retaining the size of the hydrogel actuators under environmental stimuli still remains a big challenge. Herein, a facile and universal approach is developed to address both issues by introducing PEG during the polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) via one step method using asymmetric mold. Both composition gradient and pore gradient are obtained in micro level along the thickness direction of the final hydrogel, while thin-thickness gradient in macro level. The thickness gradient and water retention can be controllably adjusted by changing PEG concentration. The introduction of PEG effectively improves both responsive and non-shrunken performance by the interaction with PNIPAm. The resultant anisotropic PNIPAm/PEG hydrogel respond quickly and reach maximum deformation (360°) within 10 s at low temperature (40 °C). The various 3D shape and biomimetic movement can be programmed by simply controlling the PEG concentration and mold shape. This strategy can provide new insights into the design intelligent soft materials with 3D morphing for bioinspired and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Ting Wang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Fei Tian
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xionglei Wang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yan Hu
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xuehuan Xia
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Shimei Xu
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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52
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Ulyanov A, Stolbov D, Savilov S. Jellyfish-like few-layer graphene nanoflakes: high paramagnetic response alongside increased interlayer interaction. Z PHYS CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2020-1784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Jellyfish-like graphene nanoflakes (GNF), prepared by hydrocarbon pyrolysis, are studied with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method. The results are supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data. Oxidized (GNFox) and N-doped oxidized (N-GNFox) flakes exhibit an extremely high EPR response associated with a large interlayer interaction which is caused by the structure of nanoflakes and layer edges reached by oxygen. The GNFox and N-GNFox provide the localized and mobile paramagnetic centers which are silent in the pristine (GNF
p
) and N-doped (N-GNF) samples. The change in the relative intensity of the line corresponding to delocalized electrons is parallel with the number of radicals in the quaternary N-group. The environment of localized and mobile electrons is different. The results can be important in GNF synthesis and for explanation of their features in applications, especially, in devices with high sensitivity to weak electromagnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ulyanov
- Department of Chemistry , M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie gori, 1 , Moscow 119991 , Russia
| | - Dmitrii Stolbov
- Department of Chemistry , M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie gori, 1 , Moscow 119991 , Russia
| | - Serguei Savilov
- Department of Chemistry , M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie gori, 1 , Moscow 119991 , Russia
- Russian Academy of Sciences , A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis , 29, Leninsky pr., 29 , Moscow 119991 , Russia
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53
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Ali I, Ali A, Ali A, Ramzan M, Hussain K, Xudong L, Jin Z, Titton Dias OA, Weimin Y, Haoyi L, Liyan Z, Sain M. Highly electro‐responsive composite gel based on functionally tuned graphene filled polyvinyl chloride. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imdad Ali
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing P.R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering QUEST Nawabshah Sindh Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Ali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering QUEST Nawabshah Sindh Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA University Sindh Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ramzan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering QUEST Nawabshah Sindh Pakistan
| | - Khalid Hussain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering QUEST Nawabshah Sindh Pakistan
| | - Li Xudong
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing P.R. China
| | - Zhan Jin
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing P.R. China
| | - Otavio Augusto Titton Dias
- Centre for Biocomposites and Biomaterials Processing, Graduate Department of Forestry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Yang Weimin
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing P.R. China
| | - Li Haoyi
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing P.R. China
| | - Zhang Liyan
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing P.R. China
| | - Mohini Sain
- Centre for Biocomposites and Biomaterials Processing, Graduate Department of Forestry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
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54
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Adorinni S, Rozhin P, Marchesan S. Smart Hydrogels Meet Carbon Nanomaterials for New Frontiers in Medicine. Biomedicines 2021; 9:570. [PMID: 34070138 PMCID: PMC8158376 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials include diverse structures and morphologies, such as fullerenes, nano-onions, nanodots, nanodiamonds, nanohorns, nanotubes, and graphene-based materials. They have attracted great interest in medicine for their high innovative potential, owing to their unique electronic and mechanical properties. In this review, we describe the most recent advancements in their inclusion in hydrogels to yield smart systems that can respond to a variety of stimuli. In particular, we focus on graphene and carbon nanotubes, for applications that span from sensing and wearable electronics to drug delivery and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Adorinni
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (S.A.); (P.R.)
| | - Petr Rozhin
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (S.A.); (P.R.)
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (S.A.); (P.R.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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55
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Xavier Mendes A, Moraes Silva S, O'Connell CD, Duchi S, Quigley AF, Kapsa RMI, Moulton SE. Enhanced Electroactivity, Mechanical Properties, and Printability through the Addition of Graphene Oxide to Photo-Cross-linkable Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2279-2295. [PMID: 33956434 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The human tissues most sensitive to electrical activity such as neural and muscle tissues are relatively soft, and yet traditional conductive materials used to interface with them are typically stiffer by many orders of magnitude. Overcoming this mismatch, by creating both very soft and electroactive materials, is a major challenge in bioelectronics and biomaterials science. One strategy is to imbue soft materials, such as hydrogels, with electroactive properties by adding small amounts of highly conductive nanomaterials. However, electroactive hydrogels reported to date have required relatively large volume fractions (>1%) of added nanomaterial, have shown only modest electroactivity, and have not been processable via additive manufacturing to create 3D architectures. Here, we describe the development and characterization of improved biocompatible photo-cross-linkable soft hybrid electroactive hydrogels based on gelatin methacryloyol (GelMA) and large area graphene oxide (GO) flakes, which resolve each of these three limitations. The addition of very small amounts (less than a 0.07% volume fraction) of GO to a 5% w/v GelMA hydrogel resulted in a dramatic (∼35-fold) decrease in the impedance at 1 Hz compared with GelMA alone. The GelMA/GO coated indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode also showed a considerable reduction in the impedance at 1 kHz (down to 170 Ω compared with 340 Ω for the GelMA-coated ITO), while charge injection capacity increased more than 6-fold. We attribute this enhanced electroactivity to the increased electroactive surface area contributed by the GO. Despite this dramatic change in electroactivity, the GelMA/GO composite hydrogels' mechanical properties were only moderately affected. Mechanical properties increased by ∼2-fold, and therefore, the hydrogels' desired softness of <4 kPa was retained. Also, we demonstrate how light attenuation through the gel can be used to create a stiffness gradient with the exposed surface of the gel having an elastic modulus of <1.5 kPa. GO addition also enhanced the rheological properties of the GelMA composites, thus facilitating 3D extrusion printing. GelMA/GO enhanced filament formation as well as improved printability and the shape fidelity/integrity of 3D printed structures compared with GelMA alone. Additionally, the GelMA/GO 3D printed structures presented a higher electroactive behavior than nonprinted samples containing the same GelMA/GO amount, which can be attributed to the higher electroactive surface area of 3D printed structures. These findings provide new rational choices of electroactive hydrogel (EAH) compositions with broad potential applications in bioelectronics, tissue engineering, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Xavier Mendes
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Saimon Moraes Silva
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Cathal D O'Connell
- School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Serena Duchi
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Anita F Quigley
- School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Robert M I Kapsa
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Simon E Moulton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
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56
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Zhang H, Ren P, Yang F, Chen J, Wang C, Zhou Y, Fu J. Biomimetic epidermal sensors assembled from polydopamine-modified reduced graphene oxide/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels for the real-time monitoring of human motions. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:10549-10558. [PMID: 33125024 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02100h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogel-based epidermal strain sensors can generate repeatable electrical changes upon mechanical deformations for indication of the skin's physiological condition. However, this remains challenging for many conductive hydrogel sensors due to biomechanical mismatch with skin tissues and an unstable resistance variation response, resulting in non-conformable deformations with the epidermis and dermis, and consequently generating inaccurate monitoring of human movements. Herein, a conductive hydrogel that highly matches the skin is fabricated from dynamically hydrogen-bonded nanocrystallites of polydopamine-modified reduced graphene oxide (PDA-rGO) nanosheets composited with polyvinyl alcohol, namely the PDA-rGO/PVA hydrogel. PDA-rGO provides a large number of dynamic hydrogen-bonding interactions in the hydrogel, resulting in a skin-matching modulus (78 kPa) and stretchability. Moreover, the resultant hydrogel possesses excellent cytocompatibility and conductivity (0.87 S m-1), high sensitivity (gauge factor of compression: 20) at low strain and outstanding linearity at high strain as well as a stable resistance variation response. These desirable properties enable the application of the PDA-rGO/PVA hydrogel as a skin-friendly wearable sensor for real-time and accurate detection of both large-scale joint movements and tiny physiological signals, including the bending and relaxing of fingers, the wrist, elbow and knee joints, and wrist pulse and swallowing. Moreover, this hydrogel is integrated into a 2D sensor array that monitors strains or pressures in two dimensions, which is promising for electronic skin, biosensors, human-machine interfaces, and wearable electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China. and Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Penggang Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China. and Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Chenxu Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jun Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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57
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Tian Y, Du C, Liu B, Qiu HN, Zhang X, Wu ZL, Zheng Q. Tough and fluorescent hydrogels composed of poly(hydroxyurethane) and poly(stearyl acrylate‐
co
‐acrylic acid) with hydrophobic associations and hydrogen bonds as the physical crosslinks. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
- College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Cong Du
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Hao Nan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Xing‐Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Zi Liang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
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58
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Ha JH, Lim JH, Kim JW, Cho HY, Jo SG, Lee SH, Eom JY, Lee JM, Chung BG. Conductive GelMA-Collagen-AgNW Blended Hydrogel for Smart Actuator. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13081217. [PMID: 33918789 PMCID: PMC8068890 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Blended hydrogels play an important role in enhancing the properties (e.g., mechanical properties and conductivity) of hydrogels. In this study, we generated a conductive blended hydrogel, which was achieved by mixing gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) with collagen, and silver nanowire (AgNW). The ratio of GelMA, collagen and AgNW was optimized and was subsequently gelated by ultraviolet light (UV) and heat. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the conductive blended hydrogels showed that collagen and AgNW were present in the GelMA hydrogel. Additionally, rheological analysis indicated that the mechanical properties of the conductive GelMA–collagen–AgNW blended hydrogels improved. Biocompatibility analysis confirmed that the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) encapsulated within the three-dimensional (3D), conductive blended hydrogels were highly viable. Furthermore, we confirmed that the molecule in the conductive blended hydrogel was released by electrical stimuli-mediated structural deformation. Therefore, this conductive GelMA–collagen–AgNW blended hydrogel could be potentially used as a smart actuator for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Ho Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea;
| | - Jae Hyun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (J.H.L.); (J.W.K.)
| | - Ji Woon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (J.H.L.); (J.W.K.)
| | - Hyeon-Yeol Cho
- Department of Bio & Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea;
| | - Seok Geun Jo
- Division of Chemical Industry, Yeungnam University College, Daegu 42415, Korea; (S.G.J.); (S.H.L.); (J.Y.E.)
| | - Seung Hyun Lee
- Division of Chemical Industry, Yeungnam University College, Daegu 42415, Korea; (S.G.J.); (S.H.L.); (J.Y.E.)
| | - Jae Young Eom
- Division of Chemical Industry, Yeungnam University College, Daegu 42415, Korea; (S.G.J.); (S.H.L.); (J.Y.E.)
| | - Jong Min Lee
- Division of Chemical Industry, Yeungnam University College, Daegu 42415, Korea; (S.G.J.); (S.H.L.); (J.Y.E.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.L.); (B.G.C.)
| | - Bong Geun Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.M.L.); (B.G.C.)
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59
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Hua M, Wu D, Wu S, Ma Y, Alsaid Y, He X. 4D Printable Tough and Thermoresponsive Hydrogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:12689-12697. [PMID: 33263991 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels with attractive stimuli-responsive volume changing abilities are seeing emerging applications as soft actuators and robots. However, many hydrogels are intrinsically soft and fragile for tolerating mechanical damage in real world applications and could not deliver high actuation force because of the mechanical weakness of the porous polymer network. Conventional tough hydrogels, fabricated by forming double networks, dual cross-linking, and compositing, could not satisfy both high toughness and high stimuli responsiveness. Herein, we present a material design of combining responsive and tough components in a single hydrogel network, which enables the synergistic realization of high toughness and actuation performance. We showcased this material design in an exemplary tough and thermally responsive hydrogel based on PVA/(PVA-MA)-g-PNIPAM, which achieved 100 times higher toughness (∼10 MJ/m3) and 20 times higher actuation stress (∼10 kPa) compared to conventional PNIPAM hydrogels, and a contraction ratio of up to 50% simultaneously. The effects of salt concentration, polymer ratio, and structural design on the mechanical and actuation properties have been systematically investigated. Utilizing 4D printing, actuators of various geometries were fabricated, as well as lattice-architected hydrogels with macro-voids, presenting 4 times faster actuation speed compared to bulk hydrogel, in addition to the high toughness, actuation force, and contraction ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutian Hua
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095 United States
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095 United States
| | - Shuwang Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095 United States
| | - Yanfei Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095 United States
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yousif Alsaid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095 United States
| | - Ximin He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095 United States
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60
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Pirahmadi P, Kokabi M, Alamdarnejad G. Polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan/carbon nanotubes electroactive shape memory nanocomposite hydrogels. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Pirahmadi
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehrdad Kokabi
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Alamdarnejad
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Islamic Republic of Iran
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61
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Belal K, Stoffelbach F, Hourdet D, Marcellan A, Lyskawa J, de Smet L, Vebr A, Potier J, Cooke G, Hoogenboom R, Woisel P. Supramolecular Hydrogels with Tunable Swelling by Host Complexation with Cyclobis(paraquat- p-phenylene). Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Belal
- Université Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Ecole Centrale, UMR 8207−UMET−Unité Matériaux Et Transformations, Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères (ISP) Team, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - François Stoffelbach
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, EquipeChimie des Polymères, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Dominique Hourdet
- Soft Matter Sciences and Engineering, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne University, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Alba Marcellan
- Soft Matter Sciences and Engineering, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne University, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Joel Lyskawa
- Université Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Ecole Centrale, UMR 8207−UMET−Unité Matériaux Et Transformations, Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères (ISP) Team, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Lieselot de Smet
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aurélien Vebr
- Université Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Ecole Centrale, UMR 8207−UMET−Unité Matériaux Et Transformations, Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères (ISP) Team, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jonathan Potier
- Université Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Ecole Centrale, UMR 8207−UMET−Unité Matériaux Et Transformations, Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères (ISP) Team, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Graeme Cooke
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrice Woisel
- Université Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Ecole Centrale, UMR 8207−UMET−Unité Matériaux Et Transformations, Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères (ISP) Team, F-59000 Lille, France
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62
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Zhao L, Li X, Li Y, Wang X, Yang W, Ren J. Polypyrrole-Doped Conductive Self-Healing Composite Hydrogels with High Toughness and Stretchability. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1273-1281. [PMID: 33596651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, hydrogels with self-healing capability and conductivity have become ideal materials for the design of electrodes, soft robotics, electronic skin, and flexible wearable devices. However, it is still a critical challenge to achieve the synergistic characteristics of high conductivity, excellent self-healing efficiency without any stimulations, and decent mechanical properties. Herein, we developed a ferric-ion (Fe3+) crosslinked acrylic acid and chitosan polymer hydrogel using embedded polypyrrole particles with features of high conductivity (2.61S·m-1) and good mechanical performances (a tensile strength of 628%, a stress of 0.33 MPa, an elastic modulus of 0.146 MPa, and a toughness of 1.14 MJ·m-3). In addition, the self-healing efficiency achieved 93% in tensile strength after healing in the air for 9 h without any external stimuli. Therefore, with these outstanding mechanical, self-healing, and conductive abilities all in one, it is possible to fabricate a new kind of soft material with wide applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhao
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering College, Key Lab of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Key Lab of Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education of Ecological Environment, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- The High School Attached to Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering College, Key Lab of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Key Lab of Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education of Ecological Environment, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Xuemiao Wang
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering College, Key Lab of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Key Lab of Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education of Ecological Environment, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Wu Yang
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering College, Key Lab of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Key Lab of Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education of Ecological Environment, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Jie Ren
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering College, Key Lab of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Key Lab of Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education of Ecological Environment, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
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63
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Li B, Wu C, Han Y, Ma X, Luo Z. Preparation of Poly(Acrylic Acid) Grafted Reduced Graphene Oxide/Polyacrylamide Composite Hydrogels with Good Electronic and Mechanical Properties by in-situ Polymerization. J MACROMOL SCI B 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2021.1887602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bengang Li
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wu
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Han
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Ma
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyang Luo
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, P. R. China
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64
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Li X, Xu W, Xin Y, Yuan J, Ji Y, Chu S, Liu J, Luo Q. Supramolecular Polymer Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13040513. [PMID: 33572052 PMCID: PMC7915403 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites, a class of innovative materials formed by polymer matrixes and nanoscaled fillers (e.g., carbon-based nanomaterials, inorganic/semiconductor nanoparticles, metal/metal-oxide nanoparticles, polymeric nanostructures, etc.), display enhanced mechanical, optoelectrical, magnetic, catalytic, and bio-related characteristics, thereby finding a wide range of applications in the biomedical field. In particular, the concept of supramolecular chemistry has been introduced into polymer nanocomposites, which creates myriad “smart” biomedical materials with unique physicochemical properties and dynamic tunable structures in response to diverse external stimuli. This review aims to provide an overview of the chemical composition, morphological structures, biological functionalities, and reinforced performances of supramolecular polymer nanocomposites. Additionally, recent advances in biomedical applications such as therapeutic delivery, bioimaging, and tissue engineering are also discussed, especially their excellent properties leveraged in the development of multifunctional intelligent biomedical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China; (X.L.); (W.X.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (Y.J.); (S.C.); (J.L.)
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Wanjia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China; (X.L.); (W.X.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (Y.J.); (S.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Yue Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China; (X.L.); (W.X.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (Y.J.); (S.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiawei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China; (X.L.); (W.X.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (Y.J.); (S.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Yuancheng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China; (X.L.); (W.X.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (Y.J.); (S.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Shengnan Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China; (X.L.); (W.X.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (Y.J.); (S.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Junqiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China; (X.L.); (W.X.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (Y.J.); (S.C.); (J.L.)
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Quan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China; (X.L.); (W.X.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (Y.J.); (S.C.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
- Correspondence:
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65
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Li X, Huang X, Mutlu H, Malik S, Theato P. Conductive hydrogel composites with autonomous self-healing properties. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10969-10976. [PMID: 33146639 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01234c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Conventional conductive hydrogels usually lack self-healing properties, but might be favorable for smart electronic applications. Therefore, we present the fabrication of conductive self-healing hydrogels that merge the merits of electrical conductivity and self-healing properties. The conductive self-healing hydrogel composite was prepared by using single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and a poly(N,N-dimethyl acrylamide) copolymer derivative modified with pyrene and borate functional moieties. While the tethered pyrene groups of the copolymer facilitated an even dispersion of the conductive components, i.e., SWCNTs, in aqueous solution viaπ-π stacking, the hydrogel system was formed via covalent dynamic cross-linking through tetrahedral borate ion interaction with the -OH group of PVA. The hydrogel composites exhibited bulk conductivity (1.27 S m-1 with 8 mg mL-1 SWCNTs) with a fast and autonomous self-healing ability that restored 95% of the original conductivity within 10 s under ambient conditions. Accordingly, due to their outstanding properties, we postulate that these composites may have potential in biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, wound healing or electronic skins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Li
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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66
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Jin X, Feng C, Ponnamma D, Yi Z, Parameswaranpillai J, Thomas S, Salim NV. Review on exploration of graphene in the design and engineering of smart sensors, actuators and soft robotics. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2020.100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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67
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Duan X, Yu J, Zhu Y, Zheng Z, Liao Q, Xiao Y, Li Y, He Z, Zhao Y, Wang H, Qu L. Large-Scale Spinning Approach to Engineering Knittable Hydrogel Fiber for Soft Robots. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14929-14938. [PMID: 33073577 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to impart responsiveness to environmental stimuli in artificial hydrogel fibers are crucial to intelligent, shape-memory electronics and weavable soft robots. However, owing to the vulnerable mechanical property, poor processability, and the dearth of scalable assembly protocols, such functional hydrogel fibers are still far from practical usage. Herein, we demonstrate an approach toward the continuous fabrication of an electro-responsive hydrogel fiber by using the self-lubricated spinning (SLS) strategy. The polyelectrolyte inside the hydrogel fiber endows it with a fast electro-response property. After solvent exchange with triethylene glycol (TEG), the maximum tensile strength of the hydrogel fiber increases from 114 kPa to 5.6 MPa, far superior to those hydrogel fiber-based actuators reported previously. Consequently, the flexible and mechanical stable hydrogel fiber is knitted into various complex geometries on demand such as a crochet flower, triple knot, thread tube, pentagram, and hollow cage. Additionally, the electrochemical-responsive ionic hydrogel fiber is capable of acting as soft robots underwater to mimic biological motions, such as Mobula-like flapping, jellyfish-mimicking grabbing, sea worm-mimicking multi-degree of freedom movements, and human finger-like smart gesturing. This work not only demonstrates an example for the large-scale production of previous infeasible hydrogel fibers, but also provides a solution for the rational design and fabrication of hydrogel woven intelligent devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihua Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemistry & Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yukun Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zipan He
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaping Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangti Qu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemistry & Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
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68
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Song Y, He J, Zhang Y. Controllable, Bidirectional Water/Organic Vapors Responsive Actuators Fabricated by One-Step Thiol-Ene Click Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000456. [PMID: 33196123 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
It is challenging to synthesize stimuli-responsive materials with the well-balanced performance of fast stimulus-response speed, good mechanical strength, multi-functionality, and deformation diversity as well. This work reports a facile, one-step thiol-ene click polymerization strategy for preparation of water/acetone vapor-responsive hierarchical films, by using diallyl terephthalate (P) as hydrophobic ene-monomer, 1,4-diallyl-1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2]octane-1,4-diium bromide (B) as hydrophilic ene-monomer, and pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) as thiol monomer. Besides, by taking advantage of the specific hydrophilic/hydrophobic induction effect of substrate and adjusting the molar ratio of P to B, P60 B40 -HPI film is fabricated on hydrophilic substrate "with plasma treatment" whereas P80 B20 -HPO film is obtained on hydrophobic substrate "without plasma treatment". Their "upper-dense and lower-porous" structural feature ensured the excellent combination of fast stimuli-response speed endowed by the porous structure and good mechanical strength enhanced by the upper dense surface. Both films are bidirectional water/acetone vapor-responsive materials, but their bending directions responding to the stimuli factors are completely opposite. This strategy showed great potential in the development of smart stimuli-responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jianghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
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69
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Urbina L, Eceiza A, Gabilondo N, Corcuera MÁ, Retegi A. Tailoring the in situ conformation of bacterial cellulose-graphene oxide spherical nanocarriers. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1249-1260. [PMID: 32673723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC)/graphene oxide (GO) sphere-like hydrogels have been biosynthesized by in situ route in dynamic cultivation. The GO concentration during BC biosynthesis (0.01 and 0.05 mg mL-1) was the determining factor for the conformation of the final hydrogels: encapsulation (BC/GO 0.01) or distribution through all the body of the spheres (BC/GO 0.05). The as-prepared sphere hydrogels were characterized in terms of physico-chemical properties, thermal stability, microstructure, and swelling capacity in different media. In addition, a chemical treatment with ascorbic acid was performed in order to obtain reduced graphene oxide (rGO) into the spheres (BC/rGO). After the chemical treatment, electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) revealed electrical interactions due to the presence of rGO inside the spheres and resistivity values in the range of semiconductive materials were obtained (106 Ω·cm), making BC/rGO spheres promising for the development of electro-stimulated systems. The in vitro release study of ibuprofen (IB), showed that the reduction process led to an increase of 73 and 92% of drug release with respect to BC/GO 0.05 and BC/GO 0.01 spheres, respectively. Moreover, the encapsulation conformation showed more homogeneous porous structure and thus, a cumulative drug release of 63% was reached after 6 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Urbina
- 'Materials + Technologies' Group, Engineering School of Gipuzkoa, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Pza. Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Arantxa Eceiza
- 'Materials + Technologies' Group, Engineering School of Gipuzkoa, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Pza. Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Nagore Gabilondo
- 'Materials + Technologies' Group, Engineering School of Gipuzkoa, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Pza. Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Ángeles Corcuera
- 'Materials + Technologies' Group, Engineering School of Gipuzkoa, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Pza. Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Aloña Retegi
- 'Materials + Technologies' Group, Engineering School of Gipuzkoa, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Pza. Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
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71
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Facile formation of agarose hydrogel and electromechanical responses as electro-responsive hydrogel materials in actuator applications. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 247:116709. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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72
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Jafarigol E, Salehi MB, Mortaheb HR. Preparation and assessment of electro-conductive poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) carboxymethyl cellulose/reduced graphene oxide hydrogel with high viscoelasticity. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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73
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Ha JH, Shin HH, Choi HW, Lim JH, Mo SJ, Ahrberg CD, Lee JM, Chung BG. Electro-responsive hydrogel-based microfluidic actuator platform for photothermal therapy. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:3354-3364. [PMID: 32749424 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00458h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Electrical stimuli play an important role in regulating the delivery of plasmonic nanomaterials with cancer targeting peptides. Here, we developed an electro-responsive hydrogel-based microfluidic actuator platform for brain tumor targeting and photothermal therapy (PTT) applications. The electro-responsive hydrogels consisted of highly conductive silver nanowires (AgNWs) and biocompatible collagen I gels. We confirmed that an electrically conductive hydrogel could be used as an effective actuator by applying an electrical signal in the microfluidic platform. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrated PTT efficacy for brain tumor cells using targetable Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide-conjugated gold nanorods (GNRs). Therefore, our electro-responsive hydrogel-based microfluidic actuator platform could be useful for electro-responsive intelligent nanomaterial delivery and PTT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Ho Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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74
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Jiang Y, Wang Y, Li Q, Yu C, Chu W. Natural Polymer-based Stimuli-responsive Hydrogels. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:2631-2657. [PMID: 31755377 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191122144916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The abilities of intelligent polymer hydrogels to change their structure and volume phase in response to external stimuli have provided new possibilities for various advanced technologies and great research and application potentials in the medical field. The natural polymer-based hydrogels have the advantages of environment-friendliness, rich sources and good biocompatibility. Based on their responsiveness to external stimuli, the natural polymer-based hydrogels can be classified into the temperature-responsive hydrogel, pH-responsive hydrogel, light-responsive hydrogel, electricresponsive hydrogel, redox-responsive hydrogel, enzyme-responsive hydrogel, magnetic-responsive hydrogel, multi-responsive hydrogel, etc. In this review, we have compiled some recent studies on natural polymer-based stimuli-responsive hydrogels, especially the hydrogels prepared from polysaccharides. The preparation methods, properties and applications of these hydrogels in the medical field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.,Center for Nanochemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wanli Chu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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75
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Zhang J, Zeng L, Qiao Z, Wang J, Jiang X, Zhang YS, Yang H. Functionalizing Double-Network Hydrogels for Applications in Remote Actuation and in Low-Temperature Strain Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:30247-30258. [PMID: 32525651 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional hydrogels have important applications in various fields such as artificial muscles, wearable devices, soft robotics, and tissue engineering, especially for those with favorable mechanical properties, good low-temperature resistance, and stimuli-responsive capabilities. In the current study, a type of polyacrylamide/sodium alginate/carbon nanotube (PAAm/SA/CNT) double-network (DN) hydrogel was fabricated, which exhibited a high tensile strength of 271.68 ± 6.04 kPa, a favorable conductivity of 1.38 ± 0.17 S·m-1, and a good self-healing ability under heating conditions. In addition, the composite hydrogel exhibited controllable photomechanical deformations under near-infrared irradiation, such as bending, swelling, swimming, and object grasping. To further broaden the applications of the hydrogel in low-temperature environments, calcium chloride (CaCl2) was introduced into such a PAAm/SA/CNT DN hydrogel as an additive. Interestingly, the tensile/compressive strengths as well as elasticity were well-maintained at a temperature as low as -20 °C. In addition, the PAAm/SA/CNT/CaCl2 hydrogel presented excellent conductivity, recoverability, and strain-sensing capability under such extreme conditions. Overall, the investigations conducted in this paper have provided potentially new methods and inspirations for the generation of multifunctional PAAm/SA/CNT/CaCl2 hybrid DN hydrogels toward extended applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Liangdan Zeng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Ziwen Qiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Xiancai Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Huanghao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
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76
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Chen Y, Wu W, Yu J, Wang Y, Zhu J, Hu Z. Mechanical strong stretchable conductive multi-stimuli-responsive nanocomposite double network hydrogel as biosensor and actuator. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2020; 31:1770-1792. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1775760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junrong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuming Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
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77
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Alam S, Khan L, Shah LA, Noor-ul-Amin, Rehman N, Najeeb-ur-Rehman. Synthesis of copolymeric hydrogels of acrylamide and 2-(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and its use for the adsorption of basic blue 3 dye. Z PHYS CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2020-1631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Homo and copolymer hydrogels of acrylamide and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were synthesized by free radical addition polymerization. The synthesized hydrogels were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA). The hydrogels were used as an adsorbent for the removal of toxic azo dye Basic blue 3 (BB3) in aqueous medium. To check the swelling property the equilibrium swelling of these synthesized hydrogels were established within 24 h. The effect of pH, time and temperature in the process of BB3 adsorption was studied in detail. The maximum adsorption of BB3 on hydrogels was occurred at pH 9 with 60 min equilibration time. The kinetic data were applied to pseudo first order, pseudo second order and intraparticle diffusion model. The obtained results indicate that the adsorption process, obey pseudo second order kinetics and is diffusion control. The negative value of ΔS and positive values of ΔG and ΔH showed that the adsorption process is orderliness, non-spontaneous and endothermic respectively in nature. The hydrogels were successfully regenerated from the mixture and used again in several steps without a reduction in their efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Alam
- Department of Chemistry , University of Malakand , Lower Dir , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Luqman Khan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Malakand , Lower Dir , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Luqman Ali Shah
- Polymer Laboratory, National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry , University of Peshawar , Peshawar , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25120 , Pakistan
| | - Noor-ul-Amin
- Department of Chemistry , Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan , Mardan , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Noor Rehman
- Department of Chemistry , Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal , Dir Upper , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Najeeb-ur-Rehman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Malakand , Lower Dir , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
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78
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79
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McCune JA, Mommer S, Parkins CC, Scherman OA. Design Principles for Aqueous Interactive Materials: Lessons from Small Molecules and Stimuli-Responsive Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906890. [PMID: 32227391 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Interactive materials are at the forefront of current materials research with few examples in the literature. Researchers are inspired by nature to develop materials that can modulate and adapt their behavior in accordance with their surroundings. Stimuli-responsive systems have been developed over the past decades which, although often described as "smart," lack the ability to act autonomously. Nevertheless, these systems attract attention on account of the resultant materials' ability to change their properties in a predicable manner. These materials find application in a plethora of areas including drug delivery, artificial muscles, etc. Stimuli-responsive materials are serving as the precursors for next-generation interactive materials. Interest in these systems has resulted in a library of well-developed chemical motifs; however, there is a fundamental gap between stimuli-responsive and interactive materials. In this perspective, current state-of-the-art stimuli-responsive materials are outlined with a specific emphasis on aqueous macroscopic interactive materials. Compartmentalization, critical for achieving interactivity, relies on hydrophobic, hydrophilic, supramolecular, and ionic interactions, which are commonly present in aqueous systems and enable complex self-assembly processes. Relevant examples of aqueous interactive materials that do exist are given, and design principles to realize the next generation of materials with embedded autonomous function are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade A McCune
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Stefan Mommer
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Christopher C Parkins
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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80
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Combinatorial biophysical cue sensor array for controlling neural stem cell fate. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 156:112125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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81
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Chen X, He M, Zhang X, Lu T, Hao W, Zhao Y, Liu Y. Metal‐Free and Stretchable Conductive Hydrogels for High Transparent Conductive Film and Flexible Strain Sensor with High Sensitivity. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China
| | - Miaomiao He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China
| | - Xuhua Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China
| | - Tiao Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China
| | - Weizhen Hao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China
| | - Yansheng Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China
| | - Yongmei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China
- Institute of Fine Chemical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China
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82
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Sun N, Lu F, Yu Y, Su L, Gao X, Zheng L. Alkaline Double-Network Hydrogels with High Conductivities, Superior Mechanical Performances, and Antifreezing Properties for Solid-State Zinc-Air Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:11778-11788. [PMID: 32073813 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
For the development of advanced flexible and wearable electronic devices, functional electrolytes with excellent conductivity, temperature tolerance, and desirable mechanical properties need to be engineered. Herein, an alkaline double-network hydrogel with high conductivity and superior mechanical and antifreezing properties is designed and promisingly utilized as the flexible electrolyte in all-solid-state zinc-air batteries. The conductive hydrogel is comprised of covalently cross-linked polyelectrolyte poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid potassium salt) (PAMPS-K) and interpenetrating methyl cellulose (MC) in the presence of concentrated alkaline solutions. The covalently cross-linked PAMPS-K skeleton and interpenetrating MC chains endow the hydrogel with good mechanical strength, toughness, an extremely rapid self-recovery capability, and an outstanding antifatigue property. Gratifyingly, the entrapment of a concentrated alkaline solution in the hydrogel matrix yields an extremely high ionic conductivity (105 mS cm-1 at 25 °C) and an excellent antifreezing capacity. The hydrogel retains comparable conductivity and eligible strength to withstand various mechanical deformations at -20 °C. The all-solid-state zinc-air batteries using PAMPS-K/MC hydrogels as flexible alkaline electrolytes exhibit comparable values of specific capacity (764.7 mAh g-1), energy capacity (850.2 mWh g-1), cycling stability, and mechanical flexibility. The batteries still possess competitive electrochemical performances even when the operating temperature drops to -20 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 250100 Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Fei Lu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 250100 Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Long Su
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 250100 Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xinpei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 250100 Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 250100 Jinan, P. R. China
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83
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Chen J, Wen H, Zhang G, Lei F, Feng Q, Liu Y, Cao X, Dong H. Multifunctional Conductive Hydrogel/Thermochromic Elastomer Hybrid Fibers with a Core-Shell Segmental Configuration for Wearable Strain and Temperature Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:7565-7574. [PMID: 31971764 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Flexible wearable sensors are emerging as next-generation tools to collect information from the human body and surroundings in a smart, friendly, and real-time manner. A new class of such sensors with various functionality and amenability for the human body is essential for this goal. Unfortunately, the majority of the wearable sensors reported so far in the literature were of a single function (mostly strain sensors) and just a prototype without thinking of continuous mass production. In this paper, we report a series of multifunctional conductive hydrogel/ thermochromic elastomer hybrid fibers with core-shell segmental configuration and their application as flexible wearable strain and temperature sensors to monitor human motion and body/surrounding temperatures. Specifically, a conductive reduced-graphene-oxide-doped poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid-co-acrylamide (rGO-poly(AMPS-co-AAm)) hydrogel and a thermochromic elastomer containing silicon rubber and thermochromic microcapsules are chosen as strain-sensitive and thermosensitive materials, respectively. A core-shell segmental structure is realized by programming the extrusion of either conductive hydrogel precursor solution or a thermochromic elastomer prepolymer as a core layer via dual-core coaxial wet spinning. Depending on the assembly order and length of the conductive hydrogel and the thermochromic elastomer, the as-prepared hybrid fibers can be used for different purposes, i.e., human-motion monitoring, body or room temperature detection, and color decoration. The strategy described above, i.e., fabrication of core-shell segmental fibers via the wet-spinning method, is especially suitable for mass production in industry and can be further extended to fabricate flexible wearable devices with more components and more functions such as transistors, sensors, displays, and batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR) , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Hongji Wen
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR) , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR) , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- School of Biomedical Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Fan Lei
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR) , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Qi Feng
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR) , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Yang Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR) , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR) , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Hua Dong
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR) , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , China
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84
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Cheng FM, Chen HX, Li HD. Recent advances in tough and self-healing nanocomposite hydrogels for shape morphing and soft actuators. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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85
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Li J, Wong WY, Tao XM. Recent advances in soft functional materials: preparation, functions and applications. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:1281-1306. [PMID: 31912063 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07035d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic materials and biomaterials with elastic moduli lower than 10 MPa are generally considered as soft materials. Research studies on soft materials have been boosted due to their intriguing features such as light-weight, low modulus, stretchability, and a diverse range of functions including sensing, actuating, insulating and transporting. They are ideal materials for applications in smart textiles, flexible devices and wearable electronics. On the other hand, benefiting from the advances in materials science and chemistry, novel soft materials with tailored properties and functions could be prepared to fulfil the specific requirements. In this review, the current progress of soft materials, ranging from materials design, preparation and application are critically summarized based on three categories, namely gels, foams and elastomers. The chemical, physical and electrical properties and the applications are elaborated. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of soft materials to researchers in different disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Tao
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
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86
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Kumar V, Sachdev A, Matai I. Self-assembled reduced graphene oxide–cerium oxide nanocomposite@cytochrome chydrogel as a solid electrochemical reactive oxygen species detection platform. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A new dimension for the selective detection of short-lived ROS by an electroactive reduced graphene oxide–cerium oxide nanocomposite@cytochromechydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayesh Kumar
- CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organization (CSIR-CSIO)
- Chandigarh-160030
- India
| | - Abhay Sachdev
- CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organization (CSIR-CSIO)
- Chandigarh-160030
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR-CSIO)
- Chandigarh
| | - Ishita Matai
- CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organization (CSIR-CSIO)
- Chandigarh-160030
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR-CSIO)
- Chandigarh
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87
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Cooperative dynamics of heuristic swelling and inhibitive micellization in double-network hydrogels by ionic dissociation of polyelectrolyte. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.122039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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88
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Li T, Zhang X, Xia B, Ma P, Chen M, Du M, Wang Y, Dong W. Hybrid double-network hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03500a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of high performance hybrid double-network hydrogels via electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Bihua Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Piming Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Mingqing Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Mingliang Du
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Yang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Weifu Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
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89
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Huang X, Ford M, Patterson ZJ, Zarepoor M, Pan C, Majidi C. Shape memory materials for electrically-powered soft machines. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:4539-4551. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00392a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We review the recent progress of electrically-powered artificial muscles and soft machines using shape memory alloy and liquid crystal elastomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Huang
- Soft Machines Lab
- Carnegie Mellon University
- Pittsburgh
- USA
| | - Michael Ford
- Soft Machines Lab
- Carnegie Mellon University
- Pittsburgh
- USA
| | | | - Masoud Zarepoor
- Soft Machines Lab
- Carnegie Mellon University
- Pittsburgh
- USA
- Mechanical Engineering
| | - Chengfeng Pan
- Soft Machines Lab
- Carnegie Mellon University
- Pittsburgh
- USA
| | - Carmel Majidi
- Soft Machines Lab
- Carnegie Mellon University
- Pittsburgh
- USA
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90
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Chetia M, Debnath S, Chowdhury S, Chatterjee S. Self-assembly and multifunctionality of peptide organogels: oil spill recovery, dye absorption and synthesis of conducting biomaterials. RSC Adv 2020; 10:5220-5233. [PMID: 35498311 PMCID: PMC9049182 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10395c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The self-assembly of a series of low molecular weight gelator dipeptides containing para amino benzoic acid has been studied in mechanistic detail. All four dipeptides form phase selective, thermoreversible, rigid gels in a large range of organic solvents and fuels such as petrol, diesel, and kerosene. The mechanism of self-assembly has been dissected in detail using several experimental techniques. Self-assembly is driven mainly by aromatic and hydrophobic interactions. Hydrogen bonding groups, though present, seem to make a trivial contribution towards the self-assembly process. Phase selective gelation abilities in fuels in the presence of acidic, basic and saline conditions, together with the easy recovery of fuels from the organogels, render the peptides potential candidates for addressing oil-spill recovery. Being electron rich systems, these organogelators can absorb cationic dyes with >90% efficiency from wastewater. Finally, conducting biomaterials have been synthesized by the insertion of reduced graphene oxide into the organogels. Such small peptide based gelator molecules, being economically viable and easy to prepare, in addition to being multifunctional, are a hot area of research in the field of materials chemistry. The self-assembly of a series of low molecular weight gelator dipeptides containing para amino benzoic acid has been studied in mechanistic detail.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Monikha Chetia
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati
- Guwahati
- India
| | - Swapna Debnath
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati
- Guwahati
- India
| | - Sumit Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati
- Guwahati
- India
| | - Sunanda Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati
- Guwahati
- India
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91
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Li B, Wu C, Wang C, Luo Z, Cao J. Fabrication of tough, self‐recoverable, and electrically conductive hydrogels by
in situ
reduction of poly(acrylic acid) grafted graphene oxide in polyacrylamide hydrogel matrix. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bengang Li
- College of ScienceNanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 P. R. China
| | - Chao Wu
- College of ScienceNanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 P. R. China
| | - Chengyu Wang
- College of ScienceNanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 P. R. China
| | - Zhenyang Luo
- College of ScienceNanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 P. R. China
| | - Jianpeng Cao
- Highbery New Nano Materials Technology Co., Ltd Changzhou 213159 P. R. China
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92
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Cheng Y, Chan KH, Wang XQ, Ding T, Li T, Lu X, Ho GW. Direct-Ink-Write 3D Printing of Hydrogels into Biomimetic Soft Robots. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13176-13184. [PMID: 31625724 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are promising starting materials for biomimetic soft robots as they are intrinsically soft and hold properties analogous to nature's organic parts. However, the restrictive mold-casting and post-assembly fabrication alongside mechanical fragility impedes the development of hydrogel-based soft robots. Herein, we harness biocompatible alginate as a rheological modifier to manufacture 3D freeform architectures of both chemically and physically cross-linked hydrogels using the direct-ink-write (DIW) printing. The intrinsically hydrophilic polymer network of alginate allows the preservation of the targeted functions of the host hydrogels, accompanied by enhanced mechanical toughness. The integration of free structures and available functionalities from diversified hydrogel family renders an enriched design platform for bioinspired fluidic and stimulus-activated robotic prototypes from an artificial mobile tentacle, a bioengineered robotic heart with beating-transporting functions, and an artificial tendril with phototropic motion. The design strategy expands the capabilities of hydrogels in realizing geometrical versatility, mechanical tunability, and actuation complexity for biocompatible soft robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 3 , Singapore 117583
| | - Kwok Hoe Chan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 3 , Singapore 117583
| | - Xiao-Qiao Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 3 , Singapore 117583
| | - Tianpeng Ding
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 3 , Singapore 117583
| | - Tongtao Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 3 , Singapore 117583
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 3 , Singapore 117583
| | - Ghim Wei Ho
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 3 , Singapore 117583
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93
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Stable cellulase immobilized on graphene oxide@CMC-g-poly(AMPS-co-AAm) hydrogel for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 230:115661. [PMID: 31887893 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study indicated tailoring efficient polymer-enzyme bioconjugates with superb stability and activity for practical utilization of cellulase enzyme in hydrolyzing lignocellulosic biomass. To this goal, a dual crosslinking (DC) strategy was presented to synthesize novel 3D networks of carboxymethyl cellulose grafted copolymers of 2-acrylamido-2methyl propane sulfonate and acrylamide (CMC-g-poly(AMPS-co-AAm)) hydrogels. Graphene oxide (GO) nano-sheets were utilized as nano-filler and physical cross-linker making H-bondings between polymeric chains to prepare GO@CMC-g-poly(AMPS-co-AAm) networks. The GO content effects on the performance of as-synthesized architectures in conjugation to a model enzyme (PersiCel1) were examined. PersiCel1 immobilization on the GO reinforced hydrogels resulted in noticeable retaining near 60 % of its maximum activity at 90 °C, along with the remarkable enhancement of its specific activity and storage stability. Compared with the free PersiCel1, the immobilized enzyme on the GO containing hydrogels showed 154.8 % increase in conversion of alkalin-treated sugar beet pulp, while the PersiCel1/neat-Hydrogel indicated an increment of 66.7 %, under the same conditions.
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94
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Yang L, Zhen W. Preparation and characterization of phosphorylated graphene oxide grafted with poly(L‐lactide) and its effect on the crystallization, rheological behavior, and performance of poly (lactic acid). POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionXinjiang University Urumqi China
| | - Weijun Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionXinjiang University Urumqi China
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95
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A review of electro-stimulated gels and their applications: Present state and future perspectives. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 103:109852. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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96
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Wang T, Zhang X, Wang Z, Zhu X, Liu J, Min X, Cao T, Fan X. Smart Composite Hydrogels with pH-Responsiveness and Electrical Conductivity for Flexible Sensors and Logic Gates. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1564. [PMID: 31561467 PMCID: PMC6836247 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive conductive hydrogels have a wide range of applications due to their intelligent sensing of external environmental changes, which are important for smart switches, soft robotics, and flexible sensors. However, designing stimuli-responsive conductive hydrogels with logical operation, such as smart switches, remains a challenge. In this study, we synthesized pH-responsive conductive hydrogels, based on the copolymer network of acrylic acid and hydroxyethyl acrylate doped with graphene oxide. Using the good flexibility and conductivity of these hydrogels, we prepared a flexible sensor that can realize the intelligent analysis of human body motion signals. Moreover, the pH-responsive conductive hydrogels were integrated with temperature-responsive conductive hydrogels to develop logic gates with sensing, analysis, and driving functions, which realized the intellectualization of conductive hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (T.W.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Xuan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (T.W.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Zichao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (T.W.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Xiuzhong Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (T.W.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (T.C.)
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, Qi Lu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jie Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (T.W.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Xin Min
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (T.W.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Tao Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (T.W.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Xiaodong Fan
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (T.W.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (J.L.); (X.M.); (T.C.)
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97
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Su E, Okay O. Cryogenic formation-structure-property relationships of poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) cryogels. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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98
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Bao Z, Xian C, Yuan Q, Liu G, Wu J. Natural Polymer-Based Hydrogels with Enhanced Mechanical Performances: Preparation, Structure, and Property. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900670. [PMID: 31364824 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels based on natural polymers have bright application prospects in biomedical fields due to their outstanding biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, the poor mechanical performances of pure natural polymer-based hydrogels greatly limit their application prospects. Recently, a variety of strategies has been applied to prepare natural polymer-based hydrogels with enhanced mechanical properties, which generally exhibit stiffening, strengthening, and stretchable behaviors. This article summarizes the recent progress of natural polymer-based hydrogels with enhanced mechanical properties. From a structure point of view, four kinds of hydrogel are reviewed; double network hydrogels, nanocomposite hydrogels, click chemistry-based hydrogels, and supramolecular hydrogels. For each typical hydrogel, its preparation, structure, and mechanical performance are introduced in detail. At the end of this article, the current challenges and future prospects of hydrogels based on natural polymers are discussed and it is pointed out that 3D printing may offer a new platform for the development of natural polymer-based hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziting Bao
- School of Biomedical EngineeringSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Caihong Xian
- School of Biomedical EngineeringSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Qijuan Yuan
- School of Biomedical EngineeringSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Guiting Liu
- School of Biomedical EngineeringSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Biomedical EngineeringSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong P. R. China
- Research Institute of Sun Yat‐Sen University in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518057 Guangdong P. R. China
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99
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Chen H, Ren X, Gao G. Skin-Inspired Gels with Toughness, Antifreezing, Conductivity, and Remoldability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:28336-28344. [PMID: 31304738 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b11032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, nature-inspired conductive hydrogels have become ideal materials for the design of bioactuators, healthcare monitoring sensors, and flexible wearable devices. However, conductive hydrogels are often hindered by problems such as the poor mechanical property, nonreusability, and narrow operating temperature range. Here, a novel skin-inspired gel is prepared via one step of blending polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, and glycerin. Due to their dermis-mimicking structure, the obtained gels possess high mechanical properties (fracture stress of 1044 kPa, fracture strain of 715%, Young's modulus of 157 kPa, and toughness of 3605 kJ m-3). Especially, the gels exhibit outstanding strain-sensitive electric behavior as biosensors to monitor routine movement signals of the human body. Moreover, the gels with low temperature tolerance can maintain good conductivity and flexibility at -20 °C. Interestingly, the gels are capable of being recovered and reused by heating injection, cooling molding, and freezing-thawing cycles. Thus, as bionic materials, the gels have fascinating potential applications in various fields, such as human-machine interfaces, biosensors, and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science , Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Xiuyan Ren
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science , Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Gao
- Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science , Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
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100
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Han IK, Chung T, Han J, Kim YS. Nanocomposite hydrogel actuators hybridized with various dimensional nanomaterials for stimuli responsiveness enhancement. NANO CONVERGENCE 2019; 6:18. [PMID: 31179510 PMCID: PMC6556517 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-019-0188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel actuators, that convert external energy, such as pH, light, heat, magnetic field, and ion strength, into mechanical motion, have been utilized in sensors, artificial muscles, and soft robotics. For a practicality of the hydrogel actuators in a wide range of fields, an establishment of robust mechanical properties and rapid response are required. Several solutions have been proposed, for example, setting porous and anisotropy structures to hydrogels with nanocomposite materials to improve the response speed and deformation efficiency. In this review paper, we focused on hydrogel actuators including various nanocomposite by categorizing the dimensional aspects of additive materials. Moreover, we described the role of diverse additive materials in terms of the improvement of mechanical property and deformation efficiency of the hydrogel actuators. We assumed that this review will provide a beneficial guidance for strategies of developing nanocomposite hydrogel actuators and outlooks for the future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Im Kyung Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Taehun Chung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Soo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
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