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Cai L, Xu J, Yang Z, Tong R, Dong Z, Wang C, Leong KW. Engineered biomaterials for cancer immunotherapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2020; 1:35-46. [PMID: 34766108 PMCID: PMC8489675 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although cancer immunotherapy is showing tremendous promise and has progressed to the clinic, it has only achieved sporadic efficacy, with only a fraction of patients benefitting from the therapy and with undesirable side effects due to poor selectivity and high doses. Localized delivery of immunomodulators to activate anticancer immunity in situ avoids overactivation of the systemic immune system and reduces side effects. Engineered biomaterials-implantable, injectable, or transdermal-fabricated into drug delivery devices are critical components for the development of localized cancer immunotherapies. In this review, we briefly summarize progress in the application of engineered biomaterials to the localized delivery of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Cai
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceDepartment of PharmacySichuan Provincial People's HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
| | - Jialu Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Studythe Institute of Laboratory MedicineSichuan Provincial People's HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceDepartment of PharmacySichuan Provincial People's HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
| | - Ziliang Dong
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Kam W. Leong
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringColumbia UniversityNew YorkUSA
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52
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Sayan Basak. A Reflection on the Modern Fuel Cells Based on Chitosan and Alginate Reinforced Biomembranes. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793120030021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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53
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Revisiting the blood-brain barrier: A hard nut to crack in the transportation of drug molecules. Brain Res Bull 2020; 160:121-140. [PMID: 32315731 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Barriers are the hallmark of a healthy physiology, blood-brain barrier (BBB) being a tough nut to crack for most of the antigens and chemical substances. The presence of tight junctions plays a remarkable role in defending the brain from antigenic and pathogenic attacks. BBB constitutes a diverse assemblage of multiple physical and chemical barriers that judiciously restrict the flux of blood solutes into and out of the brain. Restrictions through the paracellular pathway and the tight junctions between intercellular clefts, together create well regulated metabolic and transport barricades, critical to brain pathophysiology. The brain being impermeable to many essential metabolites and nutrients regulates transportation via specialized transport systems across the endothelial abluminal and luminal membranes. The epithelial cells enveloping capillaries of the choroid plexus regulates the transport of complement, growth factors, hormones, microelements, peptides and trace elements into ventricles. Nerve terminals, microglia, and pericytes associated with the endothelium support barrier induction and function, ensuring an optimally stable ionic microenvironment that facilitates neurotransmission, orchestrated by multiple ion channels (Na+, K+ Mg2+, Ca2+) and transporters. Brain pathology which can develop due to genetic mutations or secondary to other cerebrovascular, neurodegenerative diseases can cause aberration in the microvasculature of CNS which is the uniqueness of BBB. This can also alter BBB permeation and result in BBB breakdown and other neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis. The concluding section outlines contemporary trends in drug discovery, focusing on molecular determinants of BBB permeation and novel drug-delivery systems, such as dendrimers, liposomes, nanoparticles, nanogels, etc.
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Shields CW, Wang LLW, Evans MA, Mitragotri S. Materials for Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901633. [PMID: 31250498 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Breakthroughs in materials engineering have accelerated the progress of immunotherapy in preclinical studies. The interplay of chemistry and materials has resulted in improved loading, targeting, and release of immunomodulatory agents. An overview of the materials that are used to enable or improve the success of immunotherapies in preclinical studies is presented, from immunosuppressive to proinflammatory strategies, with particular emphasis on technologies poised for clinical translation. The materials are organized based on their characteristic length scale, whereby the enabling feature of each technology is organized by the structure of that material. For example, the mechanisms by which i) nanoscale materials can improve targeting and infiltration of immunomodulatory payloads into tissues and cells, ii) microscale materials can facilitate cell-mediated transport and serve as artificial antigen-presenting cells, and iii) macroscale materials can form the basis of artificial microenvironments to promote cell infiltration and reprogramming are discussed. As a step toward establishing a set of design rules for future immunotherapies, materials that intrinsically activate or suppress the immune system are reviewed. Finally, a brief outlook on the trajectory of these systems and how they may be improved to address unsolved challenges in cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmunity is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wyatt Shields
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Lily Li-Wen Wang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Michael A Evans
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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55
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Facklam AL, Volpatti LR, Anderson DG. Biomaterials for Personalized Cell Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1902005. [PMID: 31495970 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cell therapy has already had an important impact on healthcare and provided new treatments for previously intractable diseases. Notable examples include mesenchymal stem cells for tissue regeneration, islet transplantation for diabetes treatment, and T cell delivery for cancer immunotherapy. Biomaterials have the potential to extend the therapeutic impact of cell therapies by serving as carriers that provide 3D organization and support cell viability and function. With the growing emphasis on personalized medicine, cell therapies hold great potential for their ability to sense and respond to the biology of an individual patient. These therapies can be further personalized through the use of patient-specific cells or with precision biomaterials to guide cellular activity in response to the needs of each patient. Here, the role of biomaterials for applications in tissue regeneration, therapeutic protein delivery, and cancer immunotherapy is reviewed, with a focus on progress in engineering material properties and functionalities for personalized cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Facklam
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Lisa R Volpatti
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Daniel G Anderson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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56
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Šamec N, Zottel A, Videtič Paska A, Jovčevska I. Nanomedicine and Immunotherapy: A Step Further towards Precision Medicine for Glioblastoma. Molecules 2020; 25:E490. [PMID: 31979318 PMCID: PMC7038132 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the advancement of technology combined with our deeper knowledge of human nature and diseases, we are able to move towards precision medicine, where patients are treated at the individual level in concordance with their genetic profiles. Lately, the integration of nanoparticles in biotechnology and their applications in medicine has allowed us to diagnose and treat disease better and more precisely. As a model disease, we used a grade IV malignant brain tumor (glioblastoma). Significant improvements in diagnosis were achieved with the application of fluorescent nanoparticles for intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), allowing for improved tumor cell visibility and increasing the extent of the surgical resection, leading to better patient response. Fluorescent probes can be engineered to be activated through different molecular pathways, which will open the path to individualized glioblastoma diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. Nanoparticles are also extensively studied as nanovehicles for targeted delivery and more controlled medication release, and some nanomedicines are already in early phases of clinical trials. Moreover, sampling biological fluids will give new insights into glioblastoma pathogenesis due to the presence of extracellular vesicles, circulating tumor cells, and circulating tumor DNA. As current glioblastoma therapy does not provide good quality of life for patients, other approaches such as immunotherapy are explored. To conclude, we reason that development of personalized therapies based on a patient's genetic signature combined with pharmacogenomics and immunogenomic information will significantly change the outcome of glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alja Videtič Paska
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.Z.)
| | - Ivana Jovčevska
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.Z.)
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57
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Synthetic 3D scaffolds for cancer immunotherapy. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 65:1-8. [PMID: 31838435 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent clinical success of systemic cancer immunotherapy has paved the way for the next-generation therapeutics. Nevertheless, cancer immunotherapies, in particular combination therapies, are associated in some cases with severe side effects and low response rates. Synthetic scaffolds have emerged as a promising platform to deliver immunotherapeutic agents locally. Placed at strategic locations of the body, scaffolds can reduce side effects while increasing the concentration of the agent at the site of interest. Moreover, scaffolds can mimic the context, in which biochemical cues are presented in vivo to enhance cell modulation. Recent research has focused on designing three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds with specific properties to modulate the antitumor response at various stages of the cancer immunity cycle. As the number of immunotherapies in clinical trials is soaring, it is essential to critically evaluate the role that scaffolds can play in improving the safety and efficacy of existing and future therapies.
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58
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Mosaiab T, Farr DC, Kiefel MJ, Houston TA. Carbohydrate-based nanocarriers and their application to target macrophages and deliver antimicrobial agents. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 151-152:94-129. [PMID: 31513827 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many deadly infections are produced by microorganisms capable of sustained survival in macrophages. This reduces exposure to chemadrotherapy, prevents immune detection, and is akin to criminals hiding in police stations. Therefore, the use of glyco-nanoparticles (GNPs) as carriers of therapeutic agents is a burgeoning field. Such an approach can enhance the penetration of drugs into macrophages with specific carbohydrate targeting molecules on the nanocarrier to interact with macrophage lectins. Carbohydrates are natural biological molecules and the key constituents in a large variety of biological events such as cellular communication, infection, inflammation, enzyme trafficking, cellular migration, cancer metastasis and immune functions. The prominent characteristics of carbohydrates including biodegradability, biocompatibility, hydrophilicity and the highly specific interaction of targeting cell-surface receptors support their potential application to drug delivery systems (DDS). This review presents the 21st century development of carbohydrate-based nanocarriers for drug targeting of therapeutic agents for diseases localized in macrophages. The significance of natural carbohydrate-derived nanoparticles (GNPs) as anti-microbial drug carriers is highlighted in several areas of treatment including tuberculosis, salmonellosis, leishmaniasis, candidiasis, and HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamim Mosaiab
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Dylan C Farr
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Milton J Kiefel
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - Todd A Houston
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia.
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59
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Dunn ZS, Mac J, Wang P. T cell immunotherapy enhanced by designer biomaterials. Biomaterials 2019; 217:119265. [PMID: 31271861 PMCID: PMC6689323 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has recently burst onto the center stage of cancer treatment and research. T lymphocyte adoptive cellular transfer (ACT), a form of cancer immunotherapy, has spawned unprecedented complete remissions for terminal patients with certain leukemias and lymphomas. Unfortunately, the successes have been overshadowed by the disappointing clinical results of ACT administered to treat solid tumors, in addition to the toxicities associated with the treatment, a lack of efficacy in a significant proportion of the patient population, and cancer relapse following the treatment. Biomaterials hold the promise of addressing these shortcomings. ACT consists of two main stages - T lymphocyte ex vivo expansion followed by reinfusion into the patient - and biomaterials can improve the efficacy of ACT at both stages. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the use of biomaterials for T lymphocyte adoptive cellular cancer immunotherapy and discuss the challenges at each stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary S Dunn
- Mork Family Department of of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - John Mac
- Mork Family Department of of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pin Wang
- Mork Family Department of of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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60
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Uludag H, Ubeda A, Ansari A. At the Intersection of Biomaterials and Gene Therapy: Progress in Non-viral Delivery of Nucleic Acids. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:131. [PMID: 31214586 PMCID: PMC6558074 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials play a critical role in technologies intended to deliver therapeutic agents in clinical settings. Recent explosion of our understanding of how cells utilize nucleic acids has garnered excitement to develop a range of older (e.g., antisense oligonucleotides, plasmid DNA and transposons) and emerging (e.g., short interfering RNA, messenger RNA and non-coding RNAs) nucleic acid agents for therapy of a wide range of diseases. This review will summarize biomaterials-centered advances to undertake effective utilization of nucleic acids for therapeutic purposes. We first review various types of nucleic acids and their unique abilities to deliver a range of clinical outcomes. Using recent advances in T-cell based therapy as a case in point, we summarize various possibilities for utilizing biomaterials to make an impact in this exciting therapeutic intervention technology, with the belief that this modality will serve as a therapeutic paradigm for other types of cellular therapies in the near future. We subsequently focus on contributions of biomaterials in emerging nucleic acid technologies, specifically focusing on the design of intelligent nanoparticles, deployment of mRNA as an alternative to plasmid DNA, long-acting (integrating) expression systems, and in vitro/in vivo expansion of engineered T-cells. We articulate the role of biomaterials in these emerging nucleic acid technologies in order to enhance the clinical impact of nucleic acids in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Uludag
- Department of Chemical and Materinals Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Anyeld Ubeda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Aysha Ansari
- Department of Chemical and Materinals Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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61
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Leach DG, Young S, Hartgerink JD. Advances in immunotherapy delivery from implantable and injectable biomaterials. Acta Biomater 2019; 88:15-31. [PMID: 30771535 PMCID: PMC6632081 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Macroscale biomaterials, such as preformed implantable scaffolds and injectable soft materials, possess powerful synergies with anti-cancer immunotherapies. Immunotherapies on their own typically have poor delivery properties, and often require repeated high-dose injections that result in serious off-tumor effects and/or limited efficacy. Rationally designed biomaterials allow for discrete localization and controlled release of immunotherapeutic agents, and have been shown in a large number of applications to improve outcomes in the treatment of cancers via immunotherapy. Among various strategies, macroscale biomaterial delivery systems can take the form of robust tablet-like scaffolds that are surgically implanted into a tumor resection site, releasing programmed immune cells or immunoregulatory agents. Alternatively they can be developed as soft gel-like materials that are injected into solid tumors or sites of resection to stimulate a potent anti-tumor immune response. Biomaterials synthesized from diverse components such as polymers and peptides can be combined with any immunotherapy in the modern toolbox, from checkpoint inhibitors and stimulatory adjuvants, to cancer antigens and adoptive T cells, resulting in unique synergies and improved therapeutic efficacy. The field is growing rapidly in size as publications continue to appear in the literature, and biomaterial-based immunotherapies are entering clinical trials and human patients. It is unarguably an exciting time for cancer immunotherapy and biomaterial researchers, and further work seeks to understand the most critical design considerations in the development of the next-generation of immunotherapeutic biomaterials. This review will discuss recent advances in the delivery of immunotherapies from localized biomaterials, focusing on macroscale implantable and injectable systems. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Anti-cancer immunotherapies have shown exciting clinical results in the past few decades, yet they suffer from a few distinct limitations, such as poor delivery kinetics, narrow patient response profiles, and systemic side effects. Biomaterial systems are now being developed that can overcome many of these problems, allowing for localized adjuvant delivery, focused dose concentrations, and extended therapy presentation. The field of biocompatible carrier materials is uniquely suited to be combined with immunotherapy, promising to yield significant improvements in treatment outcomes and clinical care. In this review, the first pioneering efforts and most recent advances in biomaterials for immunotherapeutic applications are explored, with a specific focus on implantable and injectable biomaterials such as porous scaffolds, cryogels, and hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Leach
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Simon Young
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Hartgerink
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States.
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62
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Cohn D, Sloutski A, Elyashiv A, Varma VB, Ramanujan R. In Situ Generated Medical Devices. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801066. [PMID: 30828989 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Medical devices play a major role in all areas of modern medicine, largely contributing to the success of clinical procedures and to the health of patients worldwide. They span from simple commodity products such as gauzes and catheters, to highly advanced implants, e.g., heart valves and vascular grafts. In situ generated devices are an important family of devices that are formed at their site of clinical function that have distinct advantages. Among them, since they are formed within the body, they only require minimally invasive procedures, avoiding the pain and risks associated with open surgery. These devices also display enhanced conformability to local tissues and can reach sites that otherwise are inaccessible. This review aims at shedding light on the unique features of in situ generated devices and to underscore leading trends in the field, as they are reflected by key developments recently in the field over the last several years. Since the uniqueness of these devices stems from their in situ generation, the way they are formed is crucial. It is because of this fact that in this review, the medical devices are classified depending on whether their in situ generation entails chemical or physical phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cohn
- Casali Center of Applied ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryHebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - Aaron Sloutski
- Casali Center of Applied ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryHebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - Ariel Elyashiv
- Casali Center of Applied ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryHebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - Vijaykumar B. Varma
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore Singapore
| | - Raju Ramanujan
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore Singapore
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63
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Erickson A, Sun J, Levengood SKL, Zhang M. Hyaluronic Acid-Coated Aligned Nanofibers for the Promotion of Glioblastoma Migration. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:1088-1097. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Erickson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Jialu Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Sheeny K. Lan Levengood
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Miqin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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64
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Facchinatto WM, Fiamingo A, dos Santos DM, Campana-Filho SP. Characterization and physical-chemistry of methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)-g-chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 124:828-837. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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65
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Huang P, Wang X, Liang X, Yang J, Zhang C, Kong D, Wang W. Nano-, micro-, and macroscale drug delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy. Acta Biomater 2019; 85:1-26. [PMID: 30579043 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is moving to the frontier of cancer treatment. Drug delivery systems (DDSs) have greatly advanced the development of cancer immunotherapeutic regimen and combination treatment. DDSs can spatiotemporally present tumor antigens, drugs, immunostimulatory molecules, or adjuvants, thus enabling the modulation of immune cells including dendritic cells (DCs) or T-cells directly in vivo and thereby provoking robust antitumor immune responses. Cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint blockade, and adoptive cell transfer have shown promising therapeutic efficiency in clinic, and the incorporation of DDSs may further increase antitumor efficiency while decreasing adverse side effects. This review focuses on the use of nano-, micro-, and macroscale DDSs for co-delivery of different immunostimulatory factors to reprogram the immune system to combat cancer. Regarding to nanoparticle-based DDSs, we emphasize the nanoparticle-based tumor immune environment modulation or as an addition to gene therapy, photodynamic therapy, or photothermal therapy. For microparticle or capsule-based DDSs, an overview of the carrier type, fabrication approach, and co-delivery of tumor vaccines and adjuvants is introduced. Finally, macroscale DDSs including hydrogels and scaffolds are also included and their role in personalized vaccine delivery and adoptive cell transfer therapy are described. Perspective and clinical translation of DDS-based cancer immunotherapy is also discussed. We believe that DDSs hold great potential in advancing the fundamental research and clinical translation of cancer immunotherapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Immunotherapy is moving to the frontier of cancer treatment. Drug delivery systems (DDSs) have greatly advanced the development of cancer immunotherapeutic regimen and combination treatment. In this comprehensive review, we focus on the use of nano-, micro-, and macroscale DDSs for the co-delivery of different immunostimulatory factors to reprogram the immune system to combat cancer. We also propose the perspective on the development of next-generation DDS-based cancer immunotherapy. This review indicates that DDSs can augment the antitumor T-cell immunity and hold great potential in advancing the fundamental research and clinical translation of cancer immunotherapy by simultaneously delivering dual or multiple immunostimulatory drugs.
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66
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Lei K, Tang L. Surgery-free injectable macroscale biomaterials for local cancer immunotherapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:733-749. [DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01470a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Up-to-date review and perspective on injectable macroscale biomaterials for local cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewen Lei
- Institute of Materials Science & Engineering
- École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Li Tang
- Institute of Materials Science & Engineering
- École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne
- Switzerland
- Institute of Bioengineering
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67
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Wen Z, Liu F, Chen Q, Xu Y, Li H, Sun S. Recent development in biodegradable nanovehicle delivery system-assisted immunotherapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:4414-4443. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00961b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A schematic illustration of BNDS biodegradation and release antigen delivery for assisting immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfu Wen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- P. R. China
| | - Fengyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry
- Dalian University of Technology
- Ganjingzi District
- P. R. China
| | | | - Yongqian Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- P. R. China
| | - Hongjuan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- P. R. China
| | - Shiguo Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- P. R. China
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68
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Barnabas W. Drug targeting strategies into the brain for treating neurological diseases. J Neurosci Methods 2019; 311:133-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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69
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Chang FC, Levengood SL, Cho N, Chen L, Wang E, Yu JS, Zhang M. Crosslinked Chitosan-PEG Hydrogel for Culture of Human Glioblastoma Cell Spheroids and Drug Screening. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018; 1:1800058. [PMID: 31435500 PMCID: PMC6703847 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional monolayer cell cultures are routinely utilized for preclinical cancer drug screening, but the results often do not translate well when drugs are tested in vivo. To address this limitation, a biocompatible chitosan-PEG hydrogel (CSPG gel) was synthesized to create a gel that can be easily dispensed into 96-well plates at room temperature and neutral pH. The stiffness of this gel was tailored to be within the stiffness range of human glioblastoma tissue to promote the formation of tumor spheroids. Differences in cell morphology, proliferation rate, and dose-dependent drug cytotoxicity were compared among cell spheroids grown on CSPG gels, cells in monolayer culture on tissue culture polystyrene and cells cultured on Matrigel. Tumor spheroids on CSPG gels displayed statistically significantly greater resistance to chemotherapeutics than in the conditions where cells did not form spheroids. Gene expression analysis suggests that resistance of cells on CSPG gels to the therapy may be partially attributed to upregulation of ATP-binding cassette transporters and downregulation of DNA mismatch repair genes, which was stimulated by spheroid formation. These findings suggest CSPG gel generates tumor spheroids that better reflect the malignant behavior of GBM and provides a cost-effective substrate for preclinical, high-throughput screening of potential cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Chien Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Sheeny Lan Levengood
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Nick Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Likai Chen
- Department of Bioengineering Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Everet Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - John S. Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine-Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Miqin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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70
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Hydrogel Scaffolds: Towards Restitution of Ischemic Stroke-Injured Brain. Transl Stroke Res 2018; 10:1-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s12975-018-0655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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71
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Atik AF, Suryadevara CM, Schweller RM, West JL, Healy P, Herndon Ii JE, Congdon KL, Sanchez-Perez L, McLendon RE, Archer GE, Fecci P, Sampson JH. Hyaluronic acid based low viscosity hydrogel as a novel carrier for Convection Enhanced Delivery of CAR T cells. J Clin Neurosci 2018; 56:163-168. [PMID: 30041899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Convection Enhanced Delivery (CED) infuses therapeutic agents directly into the intracranial area continuously under pressure. The convection improves the distribution of therapeutics such as those aimed at brain tumors. Although CED successfully delivers small therapeutic agents, this technique fails to effectively deliver cells largely due to cell sedimentation during delivery. To overcome this limitation, we have developed a low viscosity hydrogel (LVHydrogel), which is capable of retaining cells in suspension. In this study, we evaluated whether LVHydrogel can effectively act as a carrier for the CED of tumor-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. CAR T cells were resuspended in saline or LVHydrogel carriers, loaded into syringes, and passed through the CED system for 5 h. CAR T cells submitted to CED were counted and the efficiency of delivery was determined. In addition to delivery, the ability of CAR T cells to migrate and induce cytotoxicity was evaluated. Our studies demonstrate that LVHydrogel is a superior carrier for CED in comparison to saline. The efficiency of cell delivery in saline carrier was only ∼3-5% of the total cells whereas delivery by the LVHydrogel carrier was much higher, reaching ∼45-75%. Migration and Cytotoxicity was similar in both carriers in non-infused samples but we found superior cytotoxicity in LVHydrogel group post-infusion. We demonstrate that LVHydrogel, a biodegradable biomaterial which does not cause acute toxicity on preclinical animal models, prevents cellular sedimentation during CED and presents itself as a superior carrier to the current carrier, saline, for the CED of CAR T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet F Atik
- Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Carter M Suryadevara
- Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Ryan M Schweller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States; Regeneration Next, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Jennifer L West
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Patrick Healy
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - James E Herndon Ii
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Kendra L Congdon
- Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Luis Sanchez-Perez
- Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Roger E McLendon
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Gerald E Archer
- Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Peter Fecci
- Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - John H Sampson
- Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
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72
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Deshpande NU, Jayakannan M. Biotin-Tagged Polysaccharide Vesicular Nanocarriers for Receptor-Mediated Anticancer Drug Delivery in Cancer Cells. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:3572-3585. [PMID: 29906389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biotin-conjugated multistimuli-responsive polysaccharide vesicular nanocarriers are designed and developed, for the first time, to accomplish receptor-mediated endocytosis in cancer cells and to deliver anticancer drugs to intracellular compartments. For this purpose, a new renewable hydrophobic unit was custom designed with redox-degradable disulfide and enzyme-biodegradable aliphatic ester chemical linkages, and it was conjugated along with biotin on the dextran backbone. The dextran derivative self-assembled into nanovesicles of <200 nm in size, which were characterized by dynamic and static light scattering, electron, and atomic force microscopes. Avidin-HABA assay established the high affinity of biotin-tagged dextran vesicles toward membrane-receptors up to 25 nM concentration. Doxorubicin-hydrochloride (DOX.HCl)-loaded dextran vesicles exhibited stable formulation in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and fetal bovine serum (FBS). Redox-degradation by glutathione (GSH) showed 60% drug release, whereas lysosomal esterase enzyme enabled >98% drug release in 12 h. Confocal microscope and flow cytometry-assisted time-dependent cellular uptake studies revealed that the biotin-receptors overexpressed in cervical cancer cells (HeLa) exhibited larger drug accumulation through the receptor-assisted endocytosis process. This process enabled the delivery of higher amount of DOX and significantly enhanced the killing in cancer cells (HeLa) compared to wild-type mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (WT-MEF, normal cells). Control experiments such as biotin pretreatment in cancer cells and energy-suppressed cellular uptake at 4 °C further supported the occurrence of receptor-mediated endocytosis by the biotin-tagged polymer vesicles. This report provides first insights into the targeted polysaccharide vesicle platform, and the proof-of-concept is successfully demonstrated in biotin receptor-overexpressed cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Umakant Deshpande
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pune 411008 , Maharashtra , India
| | - Manickam Jayakannan
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pune 411008 , Maharashtra , India
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73
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Vashist A, Kaushik A, Vashist A, Bala J, Nikkhah-Moshaie R, Sagar V, Nair M. Nanogels as potential drug nanocarriers for CNS drug delivery. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:1436-1443. [PMID: 29775669 PMCID: PMC6598698 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based drug delivery systems (DDSs) have versatile applications such, as tissue engineering, scaffolds, drug delivery, and regenerative medicines. The drawback of higher size and poor stability in such DDSs are being addressed by developing nano-sized hydrogel particles, known as nanogels, to achieve the desired biocompatibility and encapsulation efficiency for better efficacy than conventional bulk hydrogels. In this review, we describe advances in the development of nanogels and their promotion as nanocarriers to deliver therapeutic agents to the central nervous system (CNS). We also discuss the challenges, possible solutions, and future prospects for the use of nanogel-based DDSs for CNS therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Vashist
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuro-Immune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuro-Immune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Atul Vashist
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Jyoti Bala
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuro-Immune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Roozbeh Nikkhah-Moshaie
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuro-Immune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Vidya Sagar
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuro-Immune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Madhavan Nair
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuro-Immune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
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74
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Chemotherapeutic Delivery from a Self-Assembling Peptide Nanofiber Hydrogel for the Management of Glioblastoma. Pharm Res 2018; 35:166. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2442-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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75
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Rahimi M, Shafiei-Irannejad V, D Safa K, Salehi R. Multi-branched ionic liquid-chitosan as a smart and biocompatible nano-vehicle for combination chemotherapy with stealth and targeted properties. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 196:299-312. [PMID: 29891300 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A possible approach for clinical cancer treatment is combination chemotherapy. To address this issue, many anticancer agents have been used simultaneously to achieve synergistic effects with the different mechanism of actions, however, their toxic side effects are still a big challenge. In this study, a smart, biocompatible, magnetic nanocarrier composed of multi-branched ionic liquid-chitosan grafted mPEG was designed and used for targeted multidrug delivery of DOX and MTX as model anticancer agents to MCF7 breast cancer cells. The results of hemolysis assay on human red blood cells and cytotoxicity studies indicated that blank nanocarrier has no significant hemolytic and cytotoxic effects in MCF7 cells as observed in the results of MTT assay, however, drugs-loaded nanocarrier could decrease the viability of MCF7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. To further simulate the interaction of nanocarrier with plasma proteins, the SDS-PAGE assay was performed after the nanocarrier was incubated with human plasma and the results indicated that a series of proteins were attached to the surface of nanocarrier leading protein-particle corona complex. This complex gives a stealth property as well as increasing cellular uptake process due to the presence of proteins acting as ligands for receptors in the surface of cancer cells that are suitable for drug delivery systems. The efficiency of dual-drug delivery was also confirmed by cellular uptake and DAPI staining. All these results persuade us, this nanocarrier is suitable for use in further animal studies in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rahimi
- Department of Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran
| | - Vahid Shafiei-Irannejad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Drug Applied Research Centre, School of Advanced Medical Science, and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kazem D Safa
- Department of Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran.
| | - Roya Salehi
- Drug Applied Research Centre, School of Advanced Medical Science, and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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76
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Pan J, Wang Y, Zhang C, Wang X, Wang H, Wang J, Yuan Y, Wang X, Zhang X, Yu C, Sun SK, Yan XP. Antigen-Directed Fabrication of a Multifunctional Nanovaccine with Ultrahigh Antigen Loading Efficiency for Tumor Photothermal-Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1704408. [PMID: 29318677 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Current antigen-encapsulated multifunctional nanovaccines for oncotherapy suffer from limited antigen loading efficiency, low yield, tedious manufacture, and systemic toxicity. Here, an antigen-directed strategy for the fabrication of multifunctional nanovaccine with ultrahigh antigen loading efficiency in a facile way for tumor photothermal-immunotherapy is shown. As a proof of concept, a model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) is used as a natural carrier to load a representative theranostic agent indocyanine green (ICG). Mixing OVA and ICG in aqueous solution gives the simplest multifunctional nanovaccine so far. The nanovaccine owns antigen loading efficiency of 80.8%, high yield of >90%, intense near-infrared absorption and fluorescence, excellent reproducibility, good aqueous solubility and stability, and favorable biocompatibility. These merits not only guarantee sensitive labeling/tracking and efficient stimulation of dendritic cells, but also reliable imaging-guided photothermal-immunotherapy of tumors and tumor prevention. The proposed strategy provides a facile and robust method for large-scale and reproducible fabrication of multifunctional nanovaccines with ultrahigh antigen loading efficiency for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbin Pan
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yaqiong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300203, China
| | - Yizhong Yuan
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300203, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300203, China
| | - Chunshui Yu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Shao-Kai Sun
- School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300203, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Analytical Foodsafetiology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China
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77
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Castro-Gamero AM, Pezuk JA, Brassesco MS, Tone LG. G2/M inhibitors as pharmacotherapeutic opportunities for glioblastoma: the old, the new, and the future. Cancer Biol Med 2018; 15:354-374. [PMID: 30766748 PMCID: PMC6372908 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2018.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the deadliest tumors and has a median survival of 3 months if left untreated. Despite advances in rationally targeted pharmacological approaches, the clinical care of GBM remains palliative in intent. Since the majority of altered signaling cascades involved in cancer establishment and progression eventually affect cell cycle progression, an alternative approach for cancer therapy is to develop innovative compounds that block the activity of crucial molecules needed by tumor cells to complete cell division. In this context, we review promising ongoing and future strategies for GBM therapeutics aimed towards G2/M inhibition such as anti-microtubule agents and targeted therapy against G2/M regulators like cyclin-dependent kinases, Aurora inhibitors, PLK1, BUB, 1, and BUBR1, and survivin. Moreover, we also include investigational agents in the preclinical and early clinical settings. Although several drugs were shown to be gliotoxic, most of them have not yet entered therapeutic trials. The use of either single exposure or a combination with novel compounds may lead to treatment alternatives for GBM patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Mauricio Castro-Gamero
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Julia Alejandra Pezuk
- Biotechnology and Innovation in Health Program and Pharmacy Program, Anhanguera University São Paulo (UNIAN-SP), São Paulo 05145-200, Brazil
| | - María Sol Brassesco
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gonzaga Tone
- Department of Pediatrics.,Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
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78
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Alginate hydrogel improves anti-angiogenic bevacizumab activity in cancer therapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 119:271-282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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79
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Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy can successfully promote long-term anticancer immune responses, although there is still only a limited number of patients who benefit from such treatment, and it can sometimes have severe treatment-associated adverse events. Compared with systemic immunomodulation, local immunomodulation may enable more effective treatment at lower doses and, at the same time, prevent systemic toxicity. Local delivery of engineered three-dimensional scaffolds may fulfil this role by acting as synthetic immune niches that boost anticancer immunity. In this Opinion article, we highlight the potential of scaffold-based adoptive cell transfer and scaffold-based cancer vaccines that, although applied locally, can promote systemic antitumour immunity. Furthermore, we discuss how scaffold-based cancer immunotherapy may contribute to the development of the next generation of cancer treatments.
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80
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Tseng TC, Hsieh FY, Theato P, Wei Y, Hsu SH. Glucose-sensitive self-healing hydrogel as sacrificial materials to fabricate vascularized constructs. Biomaterials 2017; 133:20-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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81
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Zhang Y, Song H, Zhang H, Huang P, Liu J, Chu L, Liu J, Wang W, Cheng Z, Kong D. Fine tuning the assembly and gel behaviors of PEGylated polypeptide conjugates by the copolymerization ofl-alanine and γ-benzyl-l-glutamateN-carboxyanhydrides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Huijuan Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Zhejiang 315040 China
| | - Pingsheng Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Jinjian Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Liping Chu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program; Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University; Stanford California 94305 United States
| | - Deling Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin 300192 China
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82
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Chitosan cross-linked with poly(ethylene glycol)dialdehyde via reductive amination as effective controlled release carriers for oral protein drug delivery. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1003-1006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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83
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Anticancer drug-loaded hydrogels as drug delivery systems for the local treatment of glioblastoma. J Control Release 2016; 243:29-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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84
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Jana P, Schmuck C. Self-Assembly of a Tripodal Triszwitterion Forms a pH-Switchable Hydrogel that Can Reversibly Encapsulate Hydrophobic Guests in Water. Chemistry 2016; 23:320-326. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poulami Jana
- Institute for Organic Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Carsten Schmuck
- Institute for Organic Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; 45117 Essen Germany
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85
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Norouzi M, Nazari B, Miller DW. Injectable hydrogel-based drug delivery systems for local cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1835-1849. [PMID: 27423369 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Common chemotherapy is often associated with adverse effects in normal cells and tissues. As an alternative approach, localized chemotherapy can diminish the toxicity of systemic chemotherapy while providing a sustained release of the chemotherapeutics at the target tumor site. Therefore, injectable biodegradable hydrogels as drug delivery systems for chemotherapeutics have become a matter of importance. Here, we review the application of a variety of injectable hydrogel-based drug delivery systems, including thermosensitive, pH-sensitive, photosensitive, dual-sensitive, as well as active targeting hydrogels, for the treatment of different types of cancer. Generally, injectable hydrogel-based drug delivery systems are found to be more efficacious than the conventional systemic chemotherapy in terms of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Norouzi
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bahareh Nazari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Donald W Miller
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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86
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Chang FC, Tsao CT, Lin A, Zhang M, Levengood SL, Zhang M. PEG-chitosan hydrogel with tunable stiffness for study of drug response of breast cancer cells. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:112. [PMID: 27595012 PMCID: PMC5004991 DOI: 10.3390/polym8040112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix have a profound effect on the behavior of anchorage-dependent cells. However, the mechanisms that define the effects of matrix stiffness on cell behavior remains unclear. Therefore, the development and fabrication of synthetic matrices with well-defined stiffness is invaluable for studying the interactions of cells with their biophysical microenvironment in vitro. We demonstrate a methoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG)-modified chitosan hydrogel network where hydrogel stiffness can be easily modulated under physiological conditions by adjusting the degree of mPEG grafting onto chitosan (PEGylation). We show that the storage modulus of the hydrogel increases as PEGylation decreases and the gels exhibit instant self-recovery after deformation. Breast cancer cells cultured on the stiffest hydrogels adopt a more malignant phenotype with increased resistance to doxorubicin as compared with cells cultured on tissue culture polystyrene or Matrigel. This work demonstrates the utility of mPEG-modified chitosan hydrogel, with tunable mechanical properties, as an improved replacement of conventional culture system for in vitro characterization of breast cancer cell phenotype and evaluation of cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Chien Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, 302L Roberts Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (F.-C.C.); (C.-T.T.); (A.L.); (S.L.L.)
| | - Ching-Ting Tsao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, 302L Roberts Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (F.-C.C.); (C.-T.T.); (A.L.); (S.L.L.)
| | - Anqi Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, 302L Roberts Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (F.-C.C.); (C.-T.T.); (A.L.); (S.L.L.)
| | - Mengying Zhang
- Department of Molecular Engineering and Science Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Sheeny Lan Levengood
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, 302L Roberts Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (F.-C.C.); (C.-T.T.); (A.L.); (S.L.L.)
| | - Miqin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, 302L Roberts Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (F.-C.C.); (C.-T.T.); (A.L.); (S.L.L.)
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87
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Monette A, Ceccaldi C, Assaad E, Lerouge S, Lapointe R. Chitosan thermogels for local expansion and delivery of tumor-specific T lymphocytes towards enhanced cancer immunotherapies. Biomaterials 2015; 75:237-249. [PMID: 26513416 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The success of promising anti-cancer adoptive cell therapies relies on the abilities of the perfused CD8(+) T lymphocytes to gain access to and persist within the tumor microenvironment to carry out their cytotoxic functions. We propose a new method for their local delivery as a living concentrate, which may not only reduce the numbers of cells required for treatment but also enhance their site-specific mobilization. Using combinations of sodium hydrogen carbonate and phosphate buffer as gelling agents, novel injectable chitosan-based biocompatible thermogels (CTGels) having excellent mechanical properties and cytocompatibility have been developed. Three thermogel formulations with acceptable physicochemical properties, such as physiological pH and osmolality, macroporosity, and gelation rates were compared. The CTGel2 formulation outperformed the others by providing an environment suitable for the encapsulation of viable CD8(+) T lymphocytes, supporting their proliferation and gradual release. In addition, the encapsulated T cell phenotypes were influenced by surrounding conditions and by tumor cells, while maintaining their capacity to kill tumor cells. This strongly suggests that cells encapsulated in this formulation retain their anti-cancer functions, and that this locally injectable hydrogel may be further developed to complement a wide variety of existing immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Monette
- Laboratoire d'Immuno-Oncologie, ICM, Université de Montréal/CHUM Research Center (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Caroline Ceccaldi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de technologie supérieure (ETS)/ Laboratory of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV), CRCHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elias Assaad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de technologie supérieure (ETS)/ Laboratory of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV), CRCHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Lerouge
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de technologie supérieure (ETS)/ Laboratory of Endovascular Biomaterials (LBeV), CRCHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Réjean Lapointe
- Laboratoire d'Immuno-Oncologie, ICM, Université de Montréal/CHUM Research Center (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
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88
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Tseng TC, Tao L, Hsieh FY, Wei Y, Chiu IM, Hsu SH. An Injectable, Self-Healing Hydrogel to Repair the Central Nervous System. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:3518-24. [PMID: 25953204 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201500762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An injectable, self-healing hydrogel (≈1.5 kPa) is developed for healing nerve-system deficits. Neurosphere-like progenitors proliferate in the hydrogel and differentiate into neuron-like cells. In the zebrafish injury model, the central nervous system function is partially rescued by injection of the hydrogel and significantly rescued by injection of the neurosphere-laden hydrogel. The self-healing hydrogel may thus potentially repair the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Chen Tseng
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Lei Tao
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Yu Hsieh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yen Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ing-Ming Chiu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shan-hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C
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89
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Samaha H, El Naggar S, Ahmed N. Armed hunter killers: discerning the role of adoptive T-cell transfer for glioblastoma. Immunotherapy 2015; 7:481-5. [DOI: 10.2217/imt.15.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heba Samaha
- Basic Research Department Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt (CCHE 57357), 1 Seket el Emam, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt, 11441
| | - Shahenda El Naggar
- Basic Research Department Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt (CCHE 57357), 1 Seket el Emam, Sayeda Zeinab, Cairo, Egypt, 11441
| | - Nabil Ahmed
- Center for Cell & Gene Therapy, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Cancer & Hematology Centers, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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90
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Elias PZ, Liu GW, Wei H, Jensen MC, Horner PJ, Pun SH. A functionalized, injectable hydrogel for localized drug delivery with tunable thermosensitivity: synthesis and characterization of physical and toxicological properties. J Control Release 2015; 208:76-84. [PMID: 25747144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thermosensitive injectable hydrogels have been used for the delivery of pharmacological and cellular therapies in a variety of soft tissue applications. A promising class of synthetic, injectable hydrogels based upon oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (OEGMA) monomers has been previously reported, but these polymers lack reactive groups for covalent attachment of therapeutic molecules. In this work, thermosensitive, amine-reactive and amine-functionalized polymers were developed by incorporation of methacrylic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester or 2-aminoethyl methacrylate into OEGMA-based polymers. A model therapeutic peptide, bivalirudin, was conjugated to the amine-reactive hydrogel to investigate effects on the polymer thermosensitivity and gelation properties. The ability to tune the thermosensitivity of the polymer in order to compensate for peptide hydrophilicity and maintain gelation capability below physiological temperature was demonstrated. Cell encapsulation studies using an H9 T-cell line (CD4+) were conducted to evaluate feasibility of the hydrogel as a carrier for cellular therapies. Although this class of polymers is generally considered to be non-toxic, it was found that concentrations required for gelation were incompatible with cell survival. Investigation into the cause of cytotoxicity revealed that a hydrolysis byproduct, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, is likely a contributing factor. While modifications to structure or composition will be required to enable viable cell encapsulation, the functionalized injectable hydrogel has the potential for controlled delivery of a wide range of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Z Elias
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Gary W Liu
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Hua Wei
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Michael C Jensen
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, United States
| | - Philip J Horner
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.
| | - Suzie H Pun
- Department of Bioengineering and Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.
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91
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Tsao CT, Hsiao MH, Zhang MY, Levengood SL, Zhang M. Chitosan-PEG hydrogel with sol-gel transition triggerable by multiple external stimuli. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 36:332-8. [PMID: 25522283 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Smart hydrogels play an increasingly important role in biomedical applications, since materials that are both biocompatible and multi-stimuli-responsive are highly desirable. A simple, organic solvent-free method is presented to synthesize a biocompatible hydrogel that undergoes a sol-gel transition in response to multiple stimuli. Methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) is modified into carboxylic-acid-terminated-methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG-acid), which is then grafted onto chitosan via amide linkages yielding mPEG-g-chitosan. Grafting of mPEG onto hydrophobic chitosan imparts hydrophilic properties to the resultant polymer. The mPEG-g-chitosan gel exhibits a controllable multi-stimuli-responsive property. The balance between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity is believed to confer mPEG-g-chitosan with stimuli-responsive behavior. The effect of salt concentration, solute concentration, temperature, and pH on the sol-gel transition of mPEG-g-chitosan is evaluated and the underlying mechanisms of mPEG-g-chitosan polymer packing and gelation property is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Ting Tsao
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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92
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Shen W, Luan J, Cao L, Sun J, Yu L, Ding J. Thermogelling polymer-platinum(IV) conjugates for long-term delivery of cisplatin. Biomacromolecules 2014; 16:105-15. [PMID: 25435165 DOI: 10.1021/bm501220a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we suggest a novel strategy of constituting an in situ-formed hydrogel composed of polymer-platinum(IV) conjugate to realize a long-term delivery of cisplatin. A unique conjugate was designed and synthesized by covalent linking of Pt(IV) complex to the hydrophobic end of two methoxyl poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(d,l-lactide) (mPEG-PLA) copolymer chains, resulting in the formation of Bi(mPEG-PLA)-Pt(IV). The conjugate could self-assemble into micelles in water, and its concentrated solution exhibited a thermoreversible sol-gel transition and formed a semisolid thermogel at body temperature. The incorporation of the cisplatin analogue Pt(IV) prodrug into the conjugate had a significant influence on its thermogelling properties and the conjugate thermogelation was attributed to the micellar aggregation. In vitro release experiments of Pt(IV)-conjugated thermogel showed that the platinum release lasted as long as two months. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the Pt(IV) prodrug was released mainly in the form of micelles and micellar aggregates from the gel depot. Compared with free cisplatin, the formation of conjugate micelles led to the enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity against cancer cells due to the effective accumulation into cells via endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
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