51
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Sha SC, Tcyrulnikov S, Li M, Hu B, Fu Y, Kozlowski MC, Walsh PJ. Cation-π Interactions in the Benzylic Arylation of Toluenes with Bimetallic Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:12415-12423. [PMID: 30185030 PMCID: PMC6200331 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A method to directly arylate toluene derivatives with aryl bromides to generate diarylmethanes, which are important building blocks in drug discovery, is described. In this method, KN(SiMe3)2 in combination with a (NIXANTPHOS)Pd catalyst accomplished the deprotonative activation of toluene derivatives to permit cross-coupling with aryl bromides. Good to excellent yields are obtained with a range of electron-rich to neutral aryl bromides. Both electron-rich and electron-poor toluene derivatives are well tolerated, and even 2-chlorotoluene performs well, providing a platform for introduction of additional functionalization. This discovery hinges on the use of a main group metal to activate toluene for deprotonation by means of a cation-π interaction, which is secured by a bimetallic K(NIXANTPHOS)Pd assembly. Mechanistic and computational studies support acidification of toluene derivatives by the K+-cation- π interaction, which may prove pertinent in the development of other, new reaction systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Chun Sha
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Sergei Tcyrulnikov
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Minyan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Bowen Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Yue Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Marisa C Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Patrick J Walsh
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
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52
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Chen X, Liu M, Liu Y, Chen Y, Au CT, Yin SF. Copper-Catalyzed Esterification of N
-Heteroaryl Methanes by Oxidative Dehydrogenation. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
| | - Yongping Liu
- School of Basic Medicine; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine; Changsha 410208 PR China
| | - Yi Chen
- School of Basic Medicine; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine; Changsha 410208 PR China
| | - Chak-Tong Au
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan Institute of Engineering; Xiangtan 411104 Hunan China
| | - Shuang-Feng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hunan University; Changsha 410082 China
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53
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Wang Z, Zheng Z, Xu X, Mao J, Walsh PJ. One-pot aminobenzylation of aldehydes with toluenes. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3365. [PMID: 30135427 PMCID: PMC6105668 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05638-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Amines are fundamental motifs in bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals. Using simple toluene derivatives, a one-pot aminobenzylation of aldehydes is introduced that provides rapid access to amines. Simply combining benzaldehydes, toluenes, NaN(SiMe3)2, and additive Cs(O2CCF3) (0.35 equiv.) generates a diverse array of 1,2-diarylethylamine derivatives (36 examples, 56-98% yield). Furthermore, suitably functionalized 1,2-diarylethylamines were transformed into 2-aryl-substituted indoline derivatives via Buchwald-Hartwig amination. It is proposed that the successful deprotonation of toluene by MN(SiMe3)2 is facilitated by cation-π interactions between the arene and the group(I) cation that acidify the benzylic C-Hs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiting Wang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhipeng Zheng
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xinyu Xu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianyou Mao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, 211816, Nanjing, China.
| | - Patrick J Walsh
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, 211816, Nanjing, China.
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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54
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Kong L, Sun Y, Zheng Z, Tang R, Wang M, Li Y. Chemoselective N–H or C-2 Arylation of Indole-2-carboxamides: Controllable Synthesis of Indolo[1,2-a]quinoxalin-6-ones and 2,3′-Spirobi[indolin]-2′-ones. Org Lett 2018; 20:5251-5255. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingkai Kong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Shuangling Road, Linyi, Shandong 276000, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mengdan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yanzhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
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55
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Tanaka T, Hashiguchi K, Tanaka T, Yazaki R, Ohshima T. Chemoselective Catalytic Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling of 2-Acylimidazoles: Mechanistic Investigations and Synthetic Scope. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsukushi Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kayoko Hashiguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ryo Yazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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56
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Adib M, Pashazadeh R, Rajai-Daryasarei S, Moradkhani F, Jahani M, Gohari SJA. TBHP/R4N+X– promoted hydroaroylation of dialkyl azodicarboxylates with methyl arenes, aldehydes, aryl methanols and arylmethyl chlorides. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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57
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Tanaka T, Tanaka T, Tsuji T, Yazaki R, Ohshima T. Strategy for Catalytic Chemoselective Cross-Enolate Coupling Reaction via a Transient Homocoupling Dimer. Org Lett 2018; 20:3541-3544. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tsukushi Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Taro Tsuji
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ryo Yazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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58
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Yamashita Y, Suzuki H, Sato I, Hirata T, Kobayashi S. Catalytic Direct-Type Addition Reactions of Alkylarenes with Imines and Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6896-6900. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Io Sato
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Tsubasa Hirata
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
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59
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Yamashita Y, Suzuki H, Sato I, Hirata T, Kobayashi S. Catalytic Direct-Type Addition Reactions of Alkylarenes with Imines and Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Io Sato
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Tsubasa Hirata
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
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60
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Yue CJ, Hu XD, Gu LP, Liu BL. Cr-doped magnetite for the catalytic radical amination of C(sp3)–H in toluene with NH3 and H2O2. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2140-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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61
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Lv F, Yu Y, Hao E, Yu C, Wang H, Jiao L, Boens N. Copper-catalyzed α-benzylation of BODIPYs via radical-triggered oxidative cross-coupling of two C–H bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9059-9062. [PMID: 30051114 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04679d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
An oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling of BODIPYs with toluene and it derivatives has been developed, allowing for the facile synthesis of a broad range of structurally diverse α-benzylated BODIPYs with high solid-state fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu
| | - Yang Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu
| | - Erhong Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu
| | - Changjiang Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu
| | - Hua Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu
| | - Noël Boens
- Department of Chemistry
- KU Leuven (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven)
- 3001 Leuven
- Belgium
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62
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Munnuri S, Adebesin AM, Paudyal MP, Yousufuddin M, Dalipe A, Falck JR. Catalyst-Controlled Diastereoselective Synthesis of Cyclic Amines via C-H Functionalization. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18288-18294. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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63
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Vasilopoulos A, Zultanski SL, Stahl SS. Feedstocks to Pharmacophores: Cu-Catalyzed Oxidative Arylation of Inexpensive Alkylarenes Enabling Direct Access to Diarylalkanes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:7705-7708. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b03387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aristidis Vasilopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Susan L. Zultanski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Shannon S. Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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64
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Abstract
Since many synthetic targets in organic chemistry are larger, more functionalized, and more oxidized than the starting inputs used, methods that unite fragments with an increase in oxidation state possess inherent efficiencies. Thus, the potential for complexity building transforms by union of activated or unactivated C-H, N-H, or O-H centers is considerable, and the challenge lies in how to obtain selective reactions from any two of these centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa C. Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry,
Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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65
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Chong H, Fron E, Liu Z, Boodts S, Thomas J, Harvey JN, Hofkens J, Dehaen W, Van der Auweraer M, Smet M. Acid-Sensitive BODIPY Dyes: Synthesis through Pd-Catalyzed Direct C(sp 3 )-H Arylation and Photophysics. Chemistry 2017; 23:4687-4699. [PMID: 28134471 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel palladium-catalyzed direct C(sp3 )-H arylation of the methyl group at the 8-position of BODIPY by bromoarenes was established. A deprotonative cross-coupling process was supposed to be involved in the reaction. This approach allowed us to attach electron-donating/withdrawing, halogen substituted aryls and a heteroaryl with a yield running from 55 to 99 %. Novel pH sensors, which in the absence of acid showed the occurrence of photoinduced electron transfer, were synthesized by attaching dimethylaniline to the methyl at the C8-position of BODIPY. The reference compounds with dimethylaniline directly attached to the C8-position were also synthesized and besides photoinduced electron transfer also showed a charge-transfer emission. Their photophysical properties were investigated by steady-state fluorescence, time-correlated single-photon counting and femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion. Time-dependent density functional (TD-DFT) electronic-structure calculations on the properties of the excited states corresponding to local excitation of the BODIPY core and to charge transfer were conducted. Upon addition of trifluoroacetic acid in toluene and ethanol, the partial fluorescence intensity recovery was at least an order of magnitude more efficient with the newly synthesized sensors compared to the traditional reference sensors. The improved sensitivity of these novel BODIPY-based pH sensors was attributed to less efficient proton-coupled electron transfer of the protonated species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chong
- Division of Polymer Chemistry and Materials, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eduard Fron
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zhen Liu
- Division of Quantum Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stijn Boodts
- Division of Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joice Thomas
- Division of Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeremy N Harvey
- Division of Quantum Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Division of Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mark Van der Auweraer
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mario Smet
- Division of Polymer Chemistry and Materials, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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66
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Liu H, Lou Y, Yuan S, Liu M, Zhou H. Depositing Pt nanoparticles by pulse electrodeposition for DSSCs counter electrode with high electrocatalytic activity. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-017-2918-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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67
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Reddy KR, Kannaboina P, Das P. Palladium-Catalyzed Chemoselective Switch: Synthesis of a New Class of Indenochromenes and Pyrano[2,3-c
]carbazoles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Ranjith Reddy
- Medicinal Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road Jammu- 180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi- 110025 India
| | - Prakash Kannaboina
- Medicinal Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road Jammu- 180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi- 110025 India
| | - Parthasarathi Das
- Medicinal Chemistry Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road Jammu- 180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi- 110025 India
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68
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Kumar P, Guntreddi T, Singh R, Singh KN. A practical protocol for the synthesis of bibenzyls via C(sp3)–H activation of methyl arenes under metal-free conditions. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00529b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A variety of bibenzyl derivatives have been synthesized with excellent atom economy via C(sp3)–H–C(sp3)–H coupling of readily available methyl arenes using K2S2O8 under metal-free and environmentally benign conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Promod Kumar
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study)
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221005
- India
| | - Tirumaleswararao Guntreddi
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study)
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221005
- India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study)
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221005
- India
| | - Krishna Nand Singh
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study)
- Institute of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi 221005
- India
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69
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Luo FX, Cao ZC, Zhao HW, Wang D, Zhang YF, Xu X, Shi ZJ. Nickel-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Unactivated C(sp3)–H Bonds in Aliphatic Amides with Terminal Alkynes. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Xian Luo
- Beijing
National Laboratory of Molecule Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Cao
- Beijing
National Laboratory of Molecule Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhao
- Beijing
National Laboratory of Molecule Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ding Wang
- Beijing
National Laboratory of Molecule Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yun-Fei Zhang
- Beijing
National Laboratory of Molecule Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xing Xu
- Beijing
National Laboratory of Molecule Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhang-Jie Shi
- Beijing
National Laboratory of Molecule Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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70
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Chen T, Li YF, An Y, Zhang FM. Iron-Catalyzed α-Arylation of Deoxybenzoins with Arenes through an Oxidative Dehydrogenative Approach. Org Lett 2016; 18:4754-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yang An
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied
Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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71
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Fu X, Shang Z, Xu X. Rh(III)-Catalyzed Cascade Oxidative Annulation of Benzoylacetonitrile with Alkynes: Computational Study of Mechanism, Reactivity, and Regioselectivity. J Org Chem 2016; 81:8378-85. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Fu
- Department of Chemistry,
Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of
Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhenfeng Shang
- Department of Chemistry,
Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of
Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiufang Xu
- Department of Chemistry,
Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of
Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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72
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Liu Z, Zhang X, Li J, Li F, Li C, Jia X, Li J. Exploiting the Reactivity of Isocyanide: Coupling Reaction between Isocyanide and Toluene Derivatives Using the Isocyano Group as an N1 Synthon. Org Lett 2016; 18:4052-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xinglu Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jianxiong Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Chunju Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xueshun Jia
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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73
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Cai XH, Jin J, Xie B. Recent advance in direct sp3 carbon-hydrogen bond functionalizations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.7.2.248-270.1412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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74
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Li C, Jin T, Zhang X, Li C, Jia X, Li J. Bu4NI-Catalyzed α-Oxyacylation of Carbonyl Compounds with Toluene Derivatives. Org Lett 2016; 18:1916-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- College
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Tao Jin
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xinglu Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Chunju Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xueshun Jia
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- College
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
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75
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Hamasaki T, Kakiuchi F, Kochi T. Chain-walking Cycloisomerization of 1,n-Dienes Catalyzed by Pyridine–Oxazoline Palladium Catalysts and Its Application to Asymmetric Synthesis. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.151138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taro Hamasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University
| | - Fumitoshi Kakiuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University
| | - Takuya Kochi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University
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76
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Hamasaki T, Aoyama Y, Kawasaki J, Kakiuchi F, Kochi T. Chain Walking as a Strategy for Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation at Unreactive Sites in Organic Synthesis: Catalytic Cycloisomerization of Various 1,n-Dienes. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:16163-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b10804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taro Hamasaki
- Department
of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuka Aoyama
- Department
of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Junichi Kawasaki
- Department
of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Kakiuchi
- Department
of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takuya Kochi
- Department
of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
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77
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Liu C, Yuan J, Gao M, Tang S, Li W, Shi R, Lei A. Oxidative Coupling between Two Hydrocarbons: An Update of Recent C–H Functionalizations. Chem Rev 2015; 115:12138-204. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500431s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 836] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiwen Yuan
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Gao
- National
Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shan Tang
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wu Li
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renyi Shi
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies
(IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
- National
Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, People’s Republic of China
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78
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Li C, Deng H, Li C, Jia X, Li J. Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Δ(2)-Isoxazoline from Toluene Derivatives Enabled by the Triple Role of Silver Nitrate. Org Lett 2015; 17:5718-21. [PMID: 26555344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed direct synthesis of Δ(2)-isoxazoline from toluene derivatives has been established. The present reaction proceeds through nondirected Csp(3)-H activation, benzylic nitration, dehydration, and cycloaddition. This protocol also features the unusual triple role of silver nitrate in a one-pot reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.,College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Deng
- Laboratory for Microstructures, Shanghai University , Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Chunju Li
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xueshun Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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79
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Zhu YQ, Dong L. One-Pot Synthesis of Polysubstituted Spirofluorene–Indene via Ru(II)-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulation and Intramolecular Friedel–Crafts Cyclization. J Org Chem 2015; 80:9973-9. [PMID: 26419666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting
and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School
of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting
and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School
of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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80
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Kubo T, Aihara Y, Chatani N. Pd(II)-catalyzed Chelation-assisted Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling between Unactivated C(sp3)–H Bonds in Aliphatic Amides and Benzylic C–H Bonds in Toluene Derivatives. CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.150615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teruhiko Kubo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University
| | - Yoshinori Aihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University
| | - Naoto Chatani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University
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81
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Iosub AV, Stahl SS. Palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidative dehydrogenation of cyclohexenes to substituted arene derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3454-7. [PMID: 25734414 PMCID: PMC4524661 DOI: 10.1021/ja512770u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A palladium(II) catalyst system has been identified for aerobic dehydrogenation of substituted cyclohexenes to the corresponding arene derivatives. Use of sodium anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AMS) as a cocatalyst enhances the product yields. A wide range of functional groups are tolerated in the reactions, and the scope and limitations of the method are described. The catalytic dehydrogenation of cyclohexenes is showcased in an efficient route to a phthalimide-based TRPA1 activity modulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V. Iosub
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Shannon S. Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, United States
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82
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Cho BS, Chung YK. Palladium-catalyzed bisarylation of 3-alkylbenzofurans to 3-arylalkyl-2-arylbenzofurans on water: tandem C(sp3)–H and C(sp2)–H activation reactions of 3-alkylbenzofurans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:14543-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04052c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A protocol involving facile sequential C(sp3)–H and C(sp2)–H activation reactions of 3-alkylbenzofurans catalyzed by Pd(OAc)2 in the presence of pivalic acid, silver salt, and tricyclohexylphosphine ‘on water’ was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom Shin Cho
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-747
- Korea
| | - Young Keun Chung
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-747
- Korea
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83
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Vanjari R, Singh KN. Utilization of methylarenes as versatile building blocks in organic synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:8062-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00003c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review attempts to describe the latest developments in the utilisation of methylarenes adopting C–H functionalization strategies and covers all the developments until March 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwer Vanjari
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study)
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005
- India
| | - Krishna Nand Singh
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study)
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi-221005
- India
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84
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Wan M, Lou H, Liu L. C1-Benzyl and benzoyl isoquinoline synthesis through direct oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling with methyl arenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:13953-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04791a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
An oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling of isoquinolines with methyl arenes has been developed, yielding structurally diverse C1-benzyl and -benzoyl isoquinolines selectively. The direct use of readily available methyl arenes as coupling partners avoids unproductive steps for preactivating functional group installation, and is thereby attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wan
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Education Ministry
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Hongxiang Lou
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Education Ministry
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Education Ministry
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jinan 250012
- China
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry
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85
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Chen J, Wan M, Hua J, Sun Y, Lv Z, Li W, Liu L. TBHP/TFA mediated oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling of N-heterocycles with aldehydes. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:11561-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01763g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling of N-heterocycles with diverse aldehydes has been established in the presence of TBHP/TFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
| | - Miao Wan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Hua
- Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Guangxi Normal University)
- Ministry of Education of China
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Yi Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
| | - Zheng Lv
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shandong 250355
- China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
- School of Pharmacy
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shandong 250355
- China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Guangxi Normal University)
- Ministry of Education of China
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