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Hurley KA, Santos TMA, Nepomuceno GM, Huynh V, Shaw JT, Weibel DB. Targeting the Bacterial Division Protein FtsZ. J Med Chem 2016; 59:6975-98. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Hurley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Thiago M. A. Santos
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Gabriella M. Nepomuceno
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Valerie Huynh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jared T. Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Douglas B. Weibel
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 440 Henry Mall, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Song D, Ma S. Recent Development of Benzimidazole-Containing Antibacterial Agents. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:646-59. [PMID: 26970352 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Clinically significant antibiotic resistance is one of the greatest challenges of the twenty-first century. However, new antibacterial agents are currently being developed at a much slower pace than our growing need for such drugs. Given their diverse biological activities and clinical applications, many bioactive heterocyclic compounds containing a benzimidazole nucleus have been the focus of interest for many researchers. The benzimidazole nucleus is a structural isostere of naturally occurring nucleotides. This advantage allows benzimidazoles to readily interact with the various biopolymers found in living systems. In view of this situation, much attention has been given to the exploration of benzimidazole-based antibacterial agents, leading to the discovery of many new chemical entities with intriguing profiles. In this minireview we summarize novel benzimidazole derivatives active against various bacterial strains. In particular, we outline the relationship between the structures of variously modified benzimidazoles and their antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Song
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shutao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, 250012, P.R. China.
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Ray S, Jindal B, Kunal K, Surolia A, Panda D. BT-benzo-29 inhibits bacterial cell proliferation by perturbing FtsZ assembly. FEBS J 2015; 282:4015-33. [PMID: 26258635 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We have identified a potent antibacterial agent N-(4-sec-butylphenyl)-2-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-4-carboxamide (BT-benzo-29) from a library of benzimidazole derivatives that stalled bacterial division by inhibiting FtsZ assembly. A short (5 min) exposure of BT-benzo-29 disassembled the cytokinetic Z-ring in Bacillus subtilis cells without affecting the cell length and nucleoids. BT-benzo-29 also perturbed the localization of early and late division proteins such as FtsA, ZapA and SepF at the mid-cell. Further, BT-benzo-29 bound to FtsZ with a dissociation constant of 24 ± 3 μm and inhibited the assembly and GTPase activity of purified FtsZ. A docking analysis suggested that BT-benzo-29 may bind to FtsZ at the C-terminal domain near the T7 loop. BT-benzo-29 displayed significantly weaker inhibitory effects on the assembly and GTPase activity of two mutants (L272A and V275A) of FtsZ supporting the prediction of the docking analysis. Further, BT-benzo-29 did not appear to inhibit DNA duplication and nucleoid segregation and it did not perturb the membrane potential of B. subtilis cells. The results suggested that BT-benzo-29 exerts its potent antibacterial activity by inhibiting FtsZ assembly. Interestingly, BT-benzo-29 did not affect the membrane integrity of mammalian red blood cells. BT-benzo-29 bound to tubulin with a much weaker affinity than FtsZ and exerted significantly weaker effects on mammalian cells than on the bacterial cells indicating that the compound may have a strong antibacterial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashikant Ray
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Bhavya Jindal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Kishore Kunal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Avadhesha Surolia
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Dulal Panda
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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Knudson SE, Awasthi D, Kumar K, Carreau A, Goullieux L, Lagrange S, Vermet H, Ojima I, Slayden RA. Cell division inhibitors with efficacy equivalent to isoniazid in the acute murine Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection model. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70:3070-3. [PMID: 26245639 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The increasing number of clinical strains resistant to one or more of the front-line TB drugs complicates the management of this disease. To develop next-generation benzimidazole-based FtsZ inhibitors with improved efficacy, we employed iterative optimization strategies based on whole bacteria potency, bactericidal activity, plasma and metabolic stability and in vivo efficacy studies. METHODS Candidate benzimidazoles were evaluated for potency against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and select clinical strains, toxicity against Vero cells and compound stability in plasma and liver microsomes. The efficacy of lead compounds was assessed in the acute murine M. tuberculosis infection model via intraperitoneal and oral routes. RESULTS MICs of SB-P17G-A33, SB-P17G-A38 and SB-P17G-A42 for M. tuberculosis H37Rv and select clinical strains were 0.18-0.39 mg/L. SB-P17G-A38 and SB-P17G-A42 delivered at 50 mg/kg twice daily intraperitoneally or orally demonstrated efficacy in reducing the bacterial load by 5.7-6.3 log10 cfu in the lungs and 3.9-5.0 log10 cfu in the spleen. SB-P17G-A33 delivered at 50 mg/kg twice daily intraperitoneally or orally also reduced the bacterial load by 1.7-2.1 log10 cfu in the lungs and 2.5-3.4 log10 cfu in the spleen. CONCLUSIONS Next-generation benzimidazoles with excellent potency and efficacy against M. tuberculosis have been developed. This is the first report on benzimidazole-based FtsZ inhibitors showing an equivalent level of efficacy to isoniazid in an acute murine M. tuberculosis infection model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Knudson
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1682, USA
| | - Divya Awasthi
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA
| | - Kunal Kumar
- Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA
| | | | | | - Sophie Lagrange
- Sanofi-Aventis R&D, Infectious Disease Unit, 31036 Toulouse, France
| | - Hélène Vermet
- Sanofi-Aventis R&D, Drug Disposition, 34184 Montpellier, France
| | - Iwao Ojima
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA
| | - Richard A Slayden
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1682, USA
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55
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Li X, Ma S. Advances in the discovery of novel antimicrobials targeting the assembly of bacterial cell division protein FtsZ. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 95:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Li X, Sheng J, Huang G, Ma R, Yin F, Song D, Zhao C, Ma S. Design, synthesis and antibacterial activity of cinnamaldehyde derivatives as inhibitors of the bacterial cell division protein FtsZ. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 97:32-41. [PMID: 25938986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In an attempt to discover potential antibacterial agents against the increasing bacterial resistance, novel cinnamaldehyde derivatives as FtsZ inhibitors were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against nine significant pathogens using broth microdilution method, and their cell division inhibitory activity against four representative strains. In the in vitro antibacterial activity, the newly synthesized compounds generally displayed better efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 than the others. In particular, compounds 3, 8 and 10 exerted superior or comparable activity to all the reference drugs. In the cell division inhibitory activity, all the compounds showed the same trend as their in vitro antibacterial activity, exhibiting better activity against S. aureus ATCC25923 than the other strains. Additionally, compounds 3, 6, 7 and 8 displayed potent cell division inhibitory activity with an MIC value of below 1 μg/mL, over 256-fold better than all the reference drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Juzheng Sheng
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Guihua Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ruixin Ma
- Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Fengxin Yin
- Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Di Song
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Can Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Shutao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China.
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Ojima I, Kumar K, Awasthi D, Vineberg JG. Drug discovery targeting cell division proteins, microtubules and FtsZ. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5060-77. [PMID: 24680057 PMCID: PMC4156572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cell division or cytokinesis has been a major target for anticancer drug discovery. After the huge success of paclitaxel and docetaxel, microtubule-stabilizing agents (MSAs) appear to have gained a premier status in the discovery of next-generation anticancer agents. However, the drug resistance caused by MDR, point mutations, and overexpression of tubulin subtypes, etc., is a serious issue associated with these agents. Accordingly, the discovery and development of new-generation MSAs that can obviate various drug resistances has a significant meaning. In sharp contrast, prokaryotic cell division has been largely unexploited for the discovery and development of antibacterial drugs. However, recent studies on the mechanism of bacterial cytokinesis revealed that the most abundant and highly conserved cell division protein, FtsZ, would be an excellent new target for the drug discovery of next-generation antibacterial agents that can circumvent drug-resistances to the commonly used drugs for tuberculosis, MRSA and other infections. This review describes an account of our research on these two fronts in drug discovery, targeting eukaryotic as well as prokaryotic cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwao Ojima
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA; Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA.
| | - Kunal Kumar
- Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA
| | - Divya Awasthi
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA
| | - Jacob G Vineberg
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA
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Karabanovich G, Roh J, Smutný T, Němeček J, Vicherek P, Stolaříková J, Vejsová M, Dufková I, Vávrová K, Pávek P, Klimešová V, Hrabálek A. 1-Substituted-5-[(3,5-dinitrobenzyl)sulfanyl]-1H-tetrazoles and their isosteric analogs: A new class of selective antitubercular agents active against drug-susceptible and multidrug-resistant mycobacteria. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 82:324-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Knudson SE, Awasthi D, Kumar K, Carreau A, Goullieux L, Lagrange S, Vermet H, Ojima I, Slayden RA. A trisubstituted benzimidazole cell division inhibitor with efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93953. [PMID: 24736743 PMCID: PMC3988029 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Trisubstituted benzimidazoles have demonstrated potency against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Previously, a library of novel trisubstituted benzimidazoles was constructed for high throughput screening, and compounds were identified that exhibited potency against M. tuberculosis H37Rv and clinical isolates, and were not toxic to Vero cells. A new series of 2-cyclohexyl-5-acylamino-6-N, N-dimethylaminobenzimidazoles derivatives has been developed based on SAR studies. Screening identified compounds with potency against M. tuberculosis. A lead compound from this series, SB-P17G-A20, was discovered to have an MIC of 0.16 µg/mL and demonstrated efficacy in the TB murine acute model of infection based on the reduction of bacterial load in the lungs and spleen by 1.73±0.24 Log10 CFU and 2.68±Log10 CFU, respectively, when delivered at 50 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection (IP) twice daily (bid). The activity of SB-P17G-A20 was determined to be concentration dependent and to have excellent stability in mouse and human plasma, and liver microsomes. Together, these studies demonstrate that SB-P17G-A20 has potency against M. tuberculosis clinical strains with varying susceptibility and efficacy in animal models of infection, and that trisubstituted benzimidazoles continue to be a platform for the development of novel inhibitors with efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E. Knudson
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Divya Awasthi
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Kunal Kumar
- Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Carreau
- Infectious Disease Therapeutic Strategic Unit, Sanofi-Aventis R&D, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Goullieux
- Infectious Disease Therapeutic Strategic Unit, Sanofi-Aventis R&D, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Lagrange
- Infectious Disease Therapeutic Strategic Unit, Sanofi-Aventis R&D, Toulouse, France
| | - Hélèn Vermet
- Infectious Disease Therapeutic Strategic Unit, Sanofi-Aventis R&D, Montpellier, France
| | - Iwao Ojima
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Richard A. Slayden
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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60
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Bacterial cell division proteins as antibiotic targets. Bioorg Chem 2014; 55:27-38. [PMID: 24755375 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Proteins involved in bacterial cell division often do not have a counterpart in eukaryotic cells and they are essential for the survival of the bacteria. The genetic accessibility of many bacterial species in combination with the Green Fluorescence Protein revolution to study localization of proteins and the availability of crystal structures has increased our knowledge on bacterial cell division considerably in this century. Consequently, bacterial cell division proteins are more and more recognized as potential new antibiotic targets. An international effort to find small molecules that inhibit the cell division initiating protein FtsZ has yielded many compounds of which some are promising as leads for preclinical use. The essential transglycosylase activity of peptidoglycan synthases has recently become accessible to inhibitor screening. Enzymatic assays for and structural information on essential integral membrane proteins such as MraY and FtsW involved in lipid II (the peptidoglycan building block precursor) biosynthesis have put these proteins on the list of potential new targets. This review summarises and discusses the results and approaches to the development of lead compounds that inhibit bacterial cell division.
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Park B, Awasthi D, Chowdhury SR, Melief EH, Kumar K, Knudson SE, Slayden RA, Ojima I. Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 2,5,6-trisubstituted benzimidazoles targeting FtsZ as antitubercular agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:2602-12. [PMID: 24726304 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Filamenting temperature-sensitive protein Z (FtsZ), an essential cell division protein, is a promising target for the drug discovery of new-generation antibacterial agents against various bacterial pathogens. As a part of SAR studies on benzimidazoles, we have synthesized a library of 376 novel 2,5,6-trisubstituted benzimidazoles, bearing ether or thioether linkage at the 6-position. In a preliminary HTP screening against Mtb H37Rv, 108 compounds were identified as hits at a cut off concentration of 5 μg/mL. Among those hits, 10 compounds exhibited MIC values in the range of 0.63-12.5 μg/mL. Light scattering assay and TEM analysis with the most potent compound 5a clearly indicate that its molecular target is Mtb-FtsZ. Also, the Kd of 5a with Mtb-FtsZ was determined to be 1.32 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bora Park
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, United States
| | - Divya Awasthi
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, United States
| | - Soumya R Chowdhury
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, United States
| | - Eduard H Melief
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, United States
| | - Kunal Kumar
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, United States
| | - Susan E Knudson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-0922, United States
| | - Richard A Slayden
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-0922, United States
| | - Iwao Ojima
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, United States.
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