51
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Wang X, Prud’homme RE. Dendritic Crystallization of Poly(l-lactide)/poly(d-lactide) Stereocomplexes in Ultrathin Films. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma4012208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- Département de chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7 Canada
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52
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Shtukenberg AG, Punin YO, Gujral A, Kahr B. Wachstumsinduziertes Biegen und Verwinden von Einkristallen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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53
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Shtukenberg AG, Punin YO, Gujral A, Kahr B. Growth actuated bending and twisting of single crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:672-99. [PMID: 24382661 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Crystals of a variety of substances including elements, minerals, simple salts, organic molecular crystals, and high polymers forgo long-range translational order by twisting and bending as they grow. These deviations have been observed in crystals ranging in size from nanometers to centimeters. How and why so many materials choose dramatic non-crystallographic distortions is analyzed, with an emphasis on crystal chemistries that give rise to stresses operating either on surfaces of crystallites or within the bulk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Shtukenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, Room 1001, New York City, NY 10003 (USA).
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54
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Komiya N, Hori T, Naito M, Naota T. Synthesis and Crystal Packing of
trans
‐Bis(2‐aminotroponato)palladium(II) Complexes Bearing Linear Alkyl Chains – Hard Lamellar Structures Self‐Locked by Cross‐Shaped Molecular Units. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201300914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naruyoshi Komiya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560‐8531, Japan, http://www.soc.chem.es.osaka‐u.ac.jp/english/index.html
| | - Takao Hori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560‐8531, Japan, http://www.soc.chem.es.osaka‐u.ac.jp/english/index.html
| | - Masaya Naito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560‐8531, Japan, http://www.soc.chem.es.osaka‐u.ac.jp/english/index.html
| | - Takeshi Naota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560‐8531, Japan, http://www.soc.chem.es.osaka‐u.ac.jp/english/index.html
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55
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Li Y, Huang H, He T, Wang Z. Coupling between crystallization and evaporation dynamics: Periodically nonlinear growth into concentric ringed spherulites. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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56
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Hierarchical chirality transfer in the growth of Towel Gourd tendrils. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3102. [PMID: 24173107 PMCID: PMC3813933 DOI: 10.1038/srep03102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chirality plays a significant role in the physical properties and biological functions of many biological materials, e.g., climbing tendrils and twisted leaves, which exhibit chiral growth. However, the mechanisms underlying the chiral growth of biological materials remain unclear. In this paper, we investigate how the Towel Gourd tendrils achieve their chiral growth. Our experiments reveal that the tendrils have a hierarchy of chirality, which transfers from the lower levels to the higher. The change in the helical angle of cellulose fibrils at the subcellular level induces an intrinsic torsion of tendrils, leading to the formation of the helical morphology of tendril filaments. A chirality transfer model is presented to elucidate the chiral growth of tendrils. This present study may help understand various chiral phenomena observed in biological materials. It also suggests that chirality transfer can be utilized in the development of hierarchically chiral materials having unique properties.
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57
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Marubayashi H, Nobuoka T, Iwamoto S, Takemura A, Iwata T. Atomic Force Microscopy Observation of Polylactide Stereocomplex Edge-On Crystals in Thin Films: Effects of Molecular Weight on Lamellar Curvature. ACS Macro Lett 2013; 2:355-360. [PMID: 35581837 DOI: 10.1021/mz400014s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The shapes of the edge-on lamellar crystals of equiweight poly(l-lactide) (PLLA)/poly(d-lactide) (PDLA) stereocomplexes with various combinations of molecular weights were investigated by using atomic force microscopy. In the cases of the PLLA/PDLA blends with equivalent molecular weights, the straight-shaped edge-on lamellae were observed. On the other hand, the curved edge-on crystals were able to be seen for the PLLA/PDLA stereocomplexes with nonequivalent molecular weights. It was revealed that the direction of lamellar curvature in the polylactide (PLA) stereocomplexes with nonequivalent molecular weights is the same as that of PLA having lower molecular weight. In addition to the PLLA/PDLA blending ratio, the incidence of chain folding, which is strongly influenced by molecular weight, was considered to have a crucial effect on the lamellar curvature in the edge-on crystals of PLA stereocomplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Marubayashi
- Science of Polymeric Materials, Department
of Biomaterial
Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
113-8657, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nobuoka
- Science of Polymeric Materials, Department
of Biomaterial
Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
113-8657, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Iwamoto
- Science of Polymeric Materials, Department
of Biomaterial
Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
113-8657, Japan
| | - Akio Takemura
- Science of Polymeric Materials, Department
of Biomaterial
Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
113-8657, Japan
| | - Tadahisa Iwata
- Science of Polymeric Materials, Department
of Biomaterial
Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo
113-8657, Japan
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58
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Su CC, Woo EM, Hsieh YT. Perpendicularly oriented lamellae in poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid) blended with an amorphous polymer: ultra-thin to thick films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:2495-506. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp43523c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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59
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Zhao MQ, Zhang Q, Tian GL, Huang JQ, Wei F. Space confinement and rotation stress induced self-organization of double-helix nanostructure: a nanotube twist with a moving catalyst head. ACS NANO 2012; 6:4520-4529. [PMID: 22519687 DOI: 10.1021/nn301421x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic materials with double-helix structure have attracted intensive attention due to not only their elegant morphology but also their amazing morphology-related potential applications. The investigation on the formation mechanism of the inorganic double-helix nanostructure is the first step for the fundamental studies of their materials or physical properties. Herein, we demonstrated the space confinement and rotation stress induced self-organization mechanism of the carbon nanotube (CNT)-array double helices under scanning electron microscopy by directly observing their formation process from individual layered double hydroxide flakes, which is a kind of hydrotalcite-like material composed of positively charged layers and charge-balancing interlayer anions. Space confinement is considered to be the most important extrinsic factor for the formation of CNT-array double helices. Synchronous growth of the CNT arrays oppositely from LDH flakes with space confinement on both sides at the same time is essential for the growth of CNT-array double helices. Coiling of the as-grown CNT arrays into double helices will proceed by self-organization, tending to the most stable morphology in order to release their internal rotation stress. Based on the demonstrated mechanism, effective routes were carried out to improve the selectivity for CNT-array double helices. The work provides a promising method for the fabrication of double-helix nanostructures with their two helices connected at the end by self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qiang Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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60
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Shtukenberg AG, Cui X, Freudenthal J, Gunn E, Camp E, Kahr B. Twisted mannitol crystals establish homologous growth mechanisms for high-polymer and small-molecule ring-banded spherulites. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:6354-64. [PMID: 22413815 DOI: 10.1021/ja300257m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
D-Mannitol belongs to a large and growing family of crystals with helical morphologies (Yu, L. J. Am. Chem. Soc.2003, 125, 6380). Two polymorphs of D-mannitol, α and δ, when grown in the presence of additives such as poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) or D-sorbitol, form ring-banded spherulites composed of handed helical fibrils, where the helix axes correspond to the radial growth directions. The two polymorphs form helices with opposite senses in the presence of PVP but the same sense in the presence of D-sorbitol. The characteristic dimensions of the fibrils, including thickness, aspect ratio, and pitch, were determined by scanning probe and electron microscopies. These values must form the basis of any theory that presupposes what forces give rise to crystal twisting, a problem that has been broached but unsettled in the literature of polymer crystallization. The interdependence of the rhythmic variations of both linear and circular birefringence, as determined by Mueller matrix microscopy, informs the cooperative organization of mannitol fibers. The microstructure of mannitol ring-banded spherulites compares favorably to that of high polymers and is evaluated within the context of current theories of crystal twisting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Shtukenberg
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, USA.
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61
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Woo EM, Wang LY, Nurkhamidah S. Crystal Lamellae of Mutually Perpendicular Orientations by Dissecting onto Interiors of Poly(ethylene adipate) Spherulites Crystallized in Bulk Form. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma202222e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701-01, Taiwan
| | - Lai-Yen Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701-01, Taiwan
| | - Siti Nurkhamidah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701-01, Taiwan
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62
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63
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Correlation of crack patterns and ring bands in spherulites of low molecular weight poly(l-lactic acid). Colloid Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-011-2544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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64
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Wang JS, Ye HM, Qin QH, Xu J, Feng XQ. Anisotropic surface effects on the formation of chiral morphologies of nanomaterials. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2011.0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials with chiral morphologies hold promise for a wide diversity of technologically important applications in such fields as micro/nano-electromechanical systems and medical engineering. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the formation of chiral morphologies of natural and synthesized materials remains an issue of crucial significance. In this study, a refined Kirchhoff rod model taking into account anisotropic surface effects is employed to describe quasi-one-dimensional nanomaterials with complicated spatial morphologies. It is shown that anisotropic surface stresses can induce the formation of rich morphologies of nanomaterials. A general shape equation of nanowires is derived by the variational method of energy. Thereby, the effects of anisotropic surface properties, bulk elastic properties and cross-sectional sizes on the chiral morphologies of nanomaterials are quantitatively investigated, and the conditions for the formation of binormal nanohelices are given. The physical mechanism addressed in this study is verified by our recent experiments on tuning the twisting chirality of polymer lamellae via surface treatments. Our analysis suggests that one can design and adjust the morphology of synthesized nanohelices by tailoring or functionalizing their surfaces during fabrication. This study is also helpful in interpreting the formation of such artificial and biological chiral materials as the flagella of bacterial and self-assembled helical ribbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Shan Wang
- Department of Mechanics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Engineering Mechanics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
- AML and CNMM, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Mu Ye
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Hua Qin
- Research School of Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Qiao Feng
- AML and CNMM, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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65
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Liu J, Ye HM, Xu J, Guo BH. Formation of ring-banded spherulites of α and β modifications in Poly(butylene adipate). POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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66
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Murnen HK, Rosales AM, Jaworski JN, Segalman RA, Zuckermann RN. Hierarchical Self-Assembly of a Biomimetic Diblock Copolypeptoid into Homochiral Superhelices. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:16112-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja106340f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K. Murnen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Molecular Foundry, Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Adrianne M. Rosales
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Molecular Foundry, Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Jonathan N. Jaworski
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Molecular Foundry, Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Rachel A. Segalman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Molecular Foundry, Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Ronald N. Zuckermann
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Molecular Foundry, Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720
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