51
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Kratošová G, Holišová V, Konvičková Z, Ingle AP, Gaikwad S, Škrlová K, Prokop A, Rai M, Plachá D. From biotechnology principles to functional and low-cost metallic bionanocatalysts. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 37:154-176. [PMID: 30481544 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemical, physical and mechanical methods of nanomaterial preparation are still regarded as mainstream methods, and the scientific community continues to search for new ways of nanomaterial preparation. The major objective of this review is to highlight the advantages of using green chemistry and bionanotechnology in the preparation of functional low-cost catalysts. Bionanotechnology employs biological principles and processes connected with bio-phase participation in both design and development of nano-structures and nano-materials, and the biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles is becoming even more popular due to; (i) economic and ecologic effectiveness, (ii) simple one-step nanoparticle formation, stabilisation and biomass support and (iii) the possibility of bio-waste valorisation. Although it is quite difficult to determine the precise mechanisms in particular biosynthesis and research is performed with some risk in all trial and error experiments, there is also the incentive of understanding the exact mechanisms involved. This enables further optimisation of bionanoparticle preparation and increases their application potential. Moreover, it is very important in bionanotechnological procedures to ensure repeatability of the methods related to the recognised reaction mechanisms. This review, therefore, summarises the current state of nanoparticle biosynthesis. It then demonstrates the application of biosynthesised metallic nanoparticles in heterogeneous catalysis by identifying the many examples where bionanocatalysts have been successfully applied in model reactions. These describe the degradation of organic dyes, the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds, dehalogenation of chlorinated aromatic compounds, reduction of Cr(VI) and the synthesis of important commercial chemicals. To ensure sustainability, it is important to focus on nanomaterials that are capable of maintaining the important green chemistry principles directly from design inception to ultimate application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Kratošová
- Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
| | - Veronika Holišová
- Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Konvičková
- ENET Centre, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Avinash P Ingle
- Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Lorena, Brazil
| | - Swapnil Gaikwad
- Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Tathawade, Pune, India
| | - Kateřina Škrlová
- Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Prokop
- Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Mahendra Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, S.G.B. Amravati University, Amravati 444602, Maharashtra, India
| | - Daniela Plachá
- Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava, Czech Republic; ENET Centre, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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52
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Zhang J, Hwang J, Antonietti M, Schmidt BVKJ. Water-in-Water Pickering Emulsion Stabilized by Polydopamine Particles and Cross-Linking. Biomacromolecules 2018; 20:204-211. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianrui Zhang
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jongkook Hwang
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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53
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Speciation of nano and ionic form of silver with capillary electrophoresis-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1572:162-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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54
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Behdani B, Monjezi S, Carey MJ, Weldon CG, Zhang J, Wang C, Park J. Shape-based separation of micro-/nanoparticles in liquid phases. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:051503. [PMID: 30405868 PMCID: PMC6207070 DOI: 10.1063/1.5052171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The production of particles with shape-specific properties is reliant upon the separation of micro-/nanoparticles of particular shapes from particle mixtures of similar volumes. However, compared to a large number of size-based particle separation methods, shape-based separation methods have not been adequately explored. We review various up-to-date approaches to shape-based separation of rigid micro-/nanoparticles in liquid phases including size exclusion chromatography, field flow fractionation, deterministic lateral displacement, inertial focusing, electrophoresis, magnetophoresis, self-assembly precipitation, and centrifugation. We discuss separation mechanisms by classifying them as either changes in surface interactions or extensions of size-based separation. The latter includes geometric restrictions and shape-dependent transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrouz Behdani
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - Saman Monjezi
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - Mason J. Carey
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - Curtis G. Weldon
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - Joontaek Park
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
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55
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Separation of sub-micron particles from micron particles using acoustic fluid relocation combined with acoustophoresis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6561-6571. [PMID: 30046870 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1261-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Acoustophoresis has gained increasing attention as a gentle, non-contact, and high-throughput cell and particle separation technique. It is conveniently used to isolate and enrich particles that are greater than 2 μm; however, its use in manipulating particles smaller than 2 μm is limited. In this work, we present an alternative way of using acoustic forces to manipulate sub-micrometer particles in continuous flow fashion. It has been shown that acoustic forces can be employed to relocate parallel laminar flow streams of two impedance-mismatched fluids. We demonstrate the separation of sub-micron particles from micron particles by the combination of acoustophoresis and acoustic fluid relocation. The micron particles are focused into the middle of the flow channel via primary acoustic forces while sub-micron particles are moved to the side via drag forces created by the relocating fluid. We demonstrate the proof of the concept using binary mixtures of particles comprised of sub-micron/micron particles, micron/micron particles, and bovine red blood cells with E. coli. The efficiency of the particle enrichment is determined via flow cytometry analysis of the collected streams. This study demonstrates that by combining acoustic fluid relocation with acoustophoresis, sub-micron particles can be effectively separated from micron particles at high flow rates and it can be further implemented to separate binary mixtures of micron particles if the volumetric ratio of two particles is greater than 10 and the larger particle diameter is about 10 μm. The combined method is more appropriate to use than acoustophoresis in situations where acoustic streaming and differences in acoustic impedance of fluids can be of concern. Graphical abstract In the presence of a resonance acoustic field, the clean high-density fluid (dark gray) and the low-density sample fluid are relocated. During this process, E. coli are separated from the red blood cells (RBCs).
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56
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Ruthven M, Ko KR, Agarwal R, Frampton JP. Microscopic evaluation of aqueous two-phase system emulsion characteristics enables rapid determination of critical polymer concentrations for solution micropatterning. Analyst 2018; 142:1938-1945. [PMID: 28487922 DOI: 10.1039/c7an00255f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous two-phase systems have emerged as valuable tools for microscale analysis of cell growth and many other biotechnology applications. The most critical step in developing an aqueous two-phase system for a specific application is identifying the critical concentrations at which the polymer solutions phase-separate. Current techniques for determining these critical concentrations rely on laborious methods, highly specialized assays or computational methods that make this step difficult for non-specialists. To overcome these limitations, we present a simplified assay that uses only readily accessible laboratory instruments and consumables (e.g., multichannel micropipettes, 96-well plates and a simple compound microscope) to determine the critical concentrations of aqueous two-phase system-forming polymers. We demonstrate that formulations selected from phase diagrams that describe these critical concentrations can be applied for solution micropatterning of cells.
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The solvent side of proteinaceous membrane-less organelles in light of aqueous two-phase systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:1224-1251. [PMID: 29890250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Water represents a common denominator for liquid-liquid phase transitions leading to the formation of the polymer-based aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) and a set of the proteinaceous membrane-less organelles (PMLOs). ATPSs have a broad range of biotechnological applications, whereas PMLOs play a number of crucial roles in cellular compartmentalization and often represent a cellular response to the stress. Since ATPSs and PMLOs contain high concentrations of polymers (such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), polypropylene glycol (PPG), Ucon, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), Dextran, or Ficoll) or biopolymers (peptides, proteins and nucleic acids), it is expected that the separated phases of these systems are characterized by the noticeable changes in the solvent properties of water. These changes in solvent properties can drive partitioning of various compounds (proteins, nucleic acids, organic low-molecular weight molecules, metal ions, etc.) between the phases of ATPSs or between the PMLOs and their surroundings. Although there is a sizable literature on the properties of the ATPS phases, much less is currently known about PMLOs. In this perspective article, we first represent liquid-liquid phase transitions in water, discuss different types of biphasic (or multiphasic) systems in water, and introduce various PMLOs and some of their properties. Then, some basic characteristics of polymer-based ATPSs are presented, with the major focus being on the current understanding of various properties of ATPS phases and solvent properties of water inside them. Finally, similarities and differences between the polymer-based ATPSs and biological PMLOs are discussed.
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58
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Li P, Kumar A, Ma J, Kuang Y, Luo L, Sun X. Density gradient ultracentrifugation for colloidal nanostructures separation and investigation. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2018; 63:645-662. [PMID: 36658885 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we review the advancement in nanoseparation and concomitant purification of nanoparticles (NPs) by using density gradient ultracentrifugation technique (DGUC) and demonstrated by taking several typical examples. Study emphasizes the conceptual advances in classification, mechanism of DGUC and synthesis-structure-property relationships of NPs to provide the significant clue for the further synthesis optimization. Separation, concentration, and purification of NPs by DGUC can be achieved at the same time by introducing the water/oil interfaces into the separation chamber. We can develop an efficient method "lab in a tube" by introducing a reaction zone or an assembly zone in the gradient to find the surface reaction and assembly mechanism of NPs since the reaction time can be precisely controlled and the chemical environment change can be extremely fast. Finally, to achieve the best separation parameters for the colloidal systems, we gave the mathematical descriptions and computational optimized models as a new direction for making practicable and predictable DGUC separation method. Thus, it can be helpful for an efficient separation as well as for the synthesis optimization, assembly and surface reactions as a potential cornerstone for the future development in the nanotechnology and this review can be served as a plethora of advanced notes on the DGUC separation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Anuj Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yun Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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59
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Shen Y, Gee MY, Greytak AB. Purification technologies for colloidal nanocrystals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:827-841. [PMID: 27942615 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07998a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Almost all applications of colloidal nanocrystals require some type of purification or surface modification process following nanocrystal growth. Nanocrystal purification - the separation of nanocrystals from undesired solution components - can perturb the surface chemistry and thereby the physical properties of colloidal nanocrystals due to changes in solvent, solute concentrations, and exposure of the nanocrystal surface to oxidation or hydrolysis. For example, nanocrystal quantum dots frequently exhibit decreased photoluminescence brightness after precipitation from the growth solvent and subsequent redissolution. Consequently, purification is an integral part of the synthetic chemistry of colloidal nanocrystals, and the effect of purification methods must be considered in order to accurately compare and predict the behavior of otherwise similar nanocrystal samples. In this Feature Article we examine established and emerging approaches to the purification of colloidal nanoparticles from a nanocrystal surface chemistry viewpoint. Purification is generally achieved by exploiting differences in properties between the impurities and the nanoparticles. Three distinct properties are typically manipulated: polarity (relative solubility), electrophoretic mobility, and size. We discuss precipitation, extraction, electrophoretic methods, and size-based methods including ultracentrifugation, ultrafiltration, diafiltration, and size-exclusion chromatography. The susceptibility of quantum dots to changes in surface chemistry, with changes in photoluminescence decay associated with surface chemical changes, extends even into the case of core/shell structures. Accordingly, the goal of a more complete description of quantum dot surface chemistry has been a driver of innovation in colloidal nanocrystal purification methods. We specifically examine the effect of purification on surface chemistry and photoluminescence in quantum dots as an example of the challenges associated with nanocrystal purification and how improved understanding can result from increasingly precise techniques, and associated surface-sensitive analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | - Megan Y Gee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | - A B Greytak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. and USC Nanocenter, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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60
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Teixeira AG, Agarwal R, Ko KR, Grant‐Burt J, Leung BM, Frampton JP. Emerging Biotechnology Applications of Aqueous Two-Phase Systems. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701036. [PMID: 29280350 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation between aqueous solutions containing two incompatible polymers, a polymer and a salt, or a polymer and a surfactant, has been exploited for a wide variety of biotechnology applications throughout the years. While many applications for aqueous two-phase systems fall within the realm of separation science, the ability to partition many different materials within these systems, coupled with recent advances in materials science and liquid handling, has allowed bioengineers to imagine new applications. This progress report provides an overview of the history and key properties of aqueous two-phase systems to lend context to how these materials have progressed to modern applications such as cellular micropatterning and bioprinting, high-throughput 3D tissue assembly, microscale biomolecular assay development, facilitation of cell separation and microcapsule production using microfluidic devices, and synthetic biology. Future directions and present limitations and design considerations of this adaptable and promising toolkit for biomolecule and cellular manipulation are further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyne G. Teixeira
- School of Biomedical Engineering Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Rishima Agarwal
- School of Biomedical Engineering Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Kristin Robin Ko
- School of Biomedical Engineering Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Jessica Grant‐Burt
- School of Biomedical Engineering Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Brendan M. Leung
- School of Biomedical Engineering Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
- Department of Applied Oral Science Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - John P. Frampton
- School of Biomedical Engineering Dalhousie University 5981 University Avenue Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada
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61
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Guo H, Stan G, Liu Y. Nanoparticle separation based on size-dependent aggregation of nanoparticles due to the critical Casimir effect. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:1311-1318. [PMID: 29340414 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01971h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles typically have an inherent wide size distribution that may affect the performance and reliability of many nanomaterials. Because the synthesis and purification of nanoparticles with desirable sizes are crucial to the applications of nanoparticles in various fields including medicine, biology, health care, and energy, there is a great need to search for more efficient and generic methods for size-selective nanoparticle purification/separation. Here we propose and conclusively demonstrate the effectiveness of a size-selective particle purification/separation method based on the critical Casimir force. The critical Casimir force is a generic interaction between colloidal particles near the solvent critical point and has been extensively studied in the past several decades due to its importance in reversibly controlling the aggregation and stability of colloidal particles. Combining multiple experimental techniques, we found that the critical Casimir force-induced aggregation depends on relative particle sizes in a system with larger ones aggregating first and the smaller ones remaining in solution. Based on this observation, a new size-dependent nanoparticle purification/separation method is proposed and demonstrated to be very efficient in purifying commercial silica nanoparticles in the lutidine/water binary solvent. Due to the ubiquity of the critical Casimir force for many colloidal particles in binary solvents, this method might be applicable to many types of colloidal particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Guo
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.
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62
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Liu X, Kang J, Liu B, Yang J. Separation of gold nanowires and nanoparticles through a facile process of centrifugation. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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63
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Li BL, Peng LY, Zou HL, Li LJ, Luo HQ, Li NB. Layered Aggregation with Steric Effect: Morphology-Homogeneous Semiconductor MoS 2 as an Alternative 2D Probe for Visual Immunoassay. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:1703560. [PMID: 29356323 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201703560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-phase exfoliation routes unavoidably generate 2D nanostructures with inhomogeneous morphologies. Herein, thickness-dependent sorting of exfoliated nanostructures is achieved via a treatment of differential-zone centrifugation in the surfactant aqueous phase. With this approach, homogeneous MoS2 nanosheets are obtained, and due to the intrinsic semiconducting characteristics, those 2D nanosheets are endowed with desired optical properties, rivaling classic gold nanoparticles in sensing applications. Furthermore, MoS2 nanosheets with high uniformity and chemical inertness are coupled with proteins, exhibiting high performance in stability and anti-interferences for bioanalysis. As a consequence of aggregation-induced steric effect, distinguishing running shifts of antibody-anchored conjugates in gel electrophoresis are visually responsive to those specific antigens. This assay enables the easy and fast monitoring of tumor biomarkers just according to "naked-eye" identification of band location in electrophoresis results, which are presented by an alternative visual probe of 2D MoS2 -protein conjugates. The developed visual immunoassay with the synergistic effect of gel electrophoresis techniques and 2D semiconductors pushes significant progress in "home-made" tests for disease early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Li Yu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Hao Lin Zou
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ling Jie Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Hong Qun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Nian Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
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65
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Zaslavsky BY, Uversky VN. In Aqua Veritas: The Indispensable yet Mostly Ignored Role of Water in Phase Separation and Membrane-less Organelles. Biochemistry 2018; 57:2437-2451. [PMID: 29303563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Despite the common practice of presenting structures of biological molecules on an empty background and the assumption that interactions between biological macromolecules take place within the inert solvent, water represents an active component of various biological processes. This Perspective addresses indispensable, yet mostly ignored, roles of water in biological liquid-liquid phase transitions and in the biogenesis of various proteinaceous membrane-less organelles. We point out that changes in the structure of water reflected in the changes in its abilities to donate and/or accept hydrogen bonds and participate in dipole-dipole and dipole-induced dipole interactions in the presence of various solutes (ranging from small molecules to synthetic polymers and biological macromolecules) might represent a driving force for the liquid-liquid phase separation, define partitioning of various solutes in formed phases, and define the exceptional ability of intrinsically disordered proteins to be engaged in the formation of proteinaceous membrane-less organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33612 , United States.,Laboratory of New Methods in Biology , Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Pushchino , Moscow Region 142290 , Russia
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66
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Castellanos-Rubio I, Munshi R, Qadri S, Pralle A. Nanoparticle Preparation for Magnetothermal Genetic Stimulation in Cell Culture and in the Brain of Live Rodents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7584-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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67
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Zhang Z, Bando K, Taguchi A, Mochizuki K, Sato K, Yasuda H, Fujita K, Kawata S. Au-Protected Ag Core/Satellite Nanoassemblies for Excellent Extra-/Intracellular Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:44027-44037. [PMID: 29171749 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b14976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their assembled nanostructures such as core/satellite nanoassemblies are quite attractive in plasmonic-based applications. However, one biggest drawback of the AgNPs is the poor chemical stability which also greatly limits their applications. We report fine Au coating on synthesized quasi-spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNSs) with few atomic layers to several nanometers by stoichiometric method. The fine Au coating layer was confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy elemental mapping and aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy. The optimized minimal thickness of Au coating layer on different sized AgNSs (22 nm Ag@0.9 nm Au, 44 nm Ag@1.8 nm Au, 75 nm Ag@2.9 nm Au, and 103 nm Ag@0.9 nm Au) was determined by extreme chemical stability tests using H2O2, NaSH, and H2S gas. The thin Au coating layer on AgNSs did not affect their plasmonic-based applications. The core/satellite assemblies based on Ag@Au NPs showed the comparable SERS intensity and uniformity three times higher than that of noncoated Ag core/satellites. The Ag@Au core/satellites also showed high stability in intracellular SERS imaging for at least two days, while the SERS of the noncoated Ag core/satellites decayed significantly. These spherical Ag@Au NPs can be widely used and have great advantages in plasmon-based applications, intracellular SERS probes, and other biological and analytical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 215163 Suzhou, China
| | - Kazuki Bando
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Taguchi
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mochizuki
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Sato
- Research Center for Ultra-High Voltage Electron Microscopy, Osaka University , Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Yasuda
- Research Center for Ultra-High Voltage Electron Microscopy, Osaka University , Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Katsumasa Fujita
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kawata
- Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University , Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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68
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Muramatsu H, Saito T. An innovative unit operation of particle separation/classification by irradiating low‐frequency ultrasound into water. AIChE J 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Muramatsu
- Graduate School of Science and TechnologyShizuoka University3‐5‐1 Johoku, Naka‐ku, Hamamatsu Shizuoka 4328561 Japan
| | - Takayuki Saito
- Research Institute of Green Science and TechnologyShizuoka University3‐5‐1 Johoku, Naka‐ku, Hamamatsu Shizuoka 4328561 Japan
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69
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Passos H, Costa SH, Fernandes AM, Freire MG, Rogers RD, Coutinho JAP. A Triple Salting-Out Effect is Required for the Formation of Ionic-Liquid-Based Aqueous Multiphase Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:15058-15062. [PMID: 28967998 PMCID: PMC6157712 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Novel aqueous multiphase systems (MuPSs) formed by quaternary mixtures composed of cholinium-based ionic liquids (ILs), polymers, inorganic salts, and water are reported herein. The influence of several ILs, polymers, and salts was studied, demonstrating that a triple salting-out is a required phenomenon to prepare MuPSs. The respective phase diagrams and "tie-surfaces" were determined, followed by the evaluation of the effect of temperature. Finally, the remarkable ability of IL-based MuPSs to selectively separate mixtures of textile dyes is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Passos
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sara H. Costa
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Fernandes
- QOPNA Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mara G. Freire
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Robin D. Rogers
- Department of Chemistry, Otto Maass Chemistry Building, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0B8
- 525 Solutions, Inc., P.O. Box 2206, Tuscaloosa, AL 35403
| | - João A. P. Coutinho
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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70
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Simultaneous control of size and surface functionality of silica particle via growing method. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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71
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Kreuzer L, Männel MJ, Schubert J, Höller RPM, Chanana M. Enzymatic Catalysis at Nanoscale: Enzyme-Coated Nanoparticles as Colloidal Biocatalysts for Polymerization Reactions. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:7305-7312. [PMID: 30023545 PMCID: PMC6044838 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme-catalyzed controlled radical polymerization represents a powerful approach for the polymerization of a wide variety of water-soluble monomers. However, in such an enzyme-based polymerization system, the macromolecular catalyst (i.e., enzyme) has to be separated from the polymer product. Here, we present a compelling approach for the separation of the two macromolecular species, by taking the catalyst out of the molecular domain and locating it in the colloidal domain, ensuring quasi-homogeneous catalysis as well as easy separation of precious biocatalysts. We report on gold nanoparticles coated with horseradish peroxidase that can catalyze the polymerization of various monomers (e.g., N-isopropylacrylamide), yielding thermoresponsive polymers. Strikingly, these biocatalyst-coated nanoparticles can be recovered completely and reused in more than three independent polymerization cycles, without significant loss of their catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas
Philipp Kreuzer
- Physical
Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Max Julius Männel
- Physical
Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Leibniz
Institute for Polymer Research, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jonas Schubert
- Physical
Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Leibniz
Institute for Polymer Research, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Physical
Chemistry of Polymer Materials, Technische
Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Roland P. M. Höller
- Physical
Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Leibniz
Institute for Polymer Research, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Physical
Chemistry of Polymer Materials, Technische
Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Munish Chanana
- Physical
Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Institute
of Building Materials, ETH Zürich, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Applied Wood Materials, EMPA Dübendorf, Ueberlandstr. 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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72
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Lo YC, Chiu YJ, Tseng HF, Chen JT. Thermal-Annealing-Induced Self-Stretching: Fabrication of Anisotropic Polymer Particles on Polymer Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:12300-12305. [PMID: 28984460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Designing anisotropic particles of various shapes draws great attention to scientists nowadays. We develop a facile and simple method to fabricate anisotropic polymer particles from spherical polymer particles. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films spin-coated with polystyrene (PS) microspheres are confined on both sides using binder clips and are heated above the glass-transition temperatures of the polymers. During the thermal annealing process, the PS particles sink into the PVA films and transform to anisotropic particles. Depending on the distances to the bound regions, oblate spheroid PS particles or prolate spheroid particles with different aspect ratios can be obtained. The transformation of the particles is mainly driven by the stretching forces and the squeezing forces. The main advantage of this method is that anisotropic particles with different shapes can be fabricated simultaneously on a single film. We expect that this novel method can be helpful to various fields including colloids science, suspension rheology, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ching Lo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010
| | - Yu-Jing Chiu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010
- Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010
| | - Hsiao-Fan Tseng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010
| | - Jiun-Tai Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010
- Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010
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73
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Passos H, Costa SH, Fernandes AM, Freire MG, Rogers RD, Coutinho JAP. A Triple Salting-Out Effect is Required for the Formation of Ionic-Liquid-Based Aqueous Multiphase Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Passos
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Sara H. Costa
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Ana M. Fernandes
- QOPNA Unit; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Mara G. Freire
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Robin D. Rogers
- Department of Chemistry, Otto Maass Chemistry Building; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
- 525 Solutions, Inc.; P.O. Box 2206 Tuscaloosa AL 35403 USA
| | - João A. P. Coutinho
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
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74
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Jeong YK, Lee YM, Yun J, Mazur T, Kim M, Kim YJ, Dygas M, Choi SH, Kim KS, Kwon OH, Yoon SM, Grzybowski BA. Tunable Photoluminescence across the Visible Spectrum and Photocatalytic Activity of Mixed-Valence Rhenium Oxide Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:15088-15093. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Kwang Jeong
- Center
for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghun Yun
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Tomasz Mazur
- Center
for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Kim
- Center
for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jae Kim
- Center
for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Miroslaw Dygas
- Center
for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Choi
- Pohang
Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang S. Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh-Hoon Kwon
- Center
for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Min Yoon
- Center
for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Bartosz A. Grzybowski
- Center
for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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75
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Chandra K, Kumar V, Werner SE, Odom TW. Separation of Stabilized MOPS Gold Nanostars by Density Gradient Centrifugation. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:4878-4884. [PMID: 31457766 PMCID: PMC6641882 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the stabilization and postsynthetic separation of gold nanostars (AuNS) synthesized with a morpholine-based Good's buffer, 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid. Resuspension of AuNS in ultrapure water improved the shape stability of the particles over 30 days. We demonstrated the sorting of nanostars via rate-zonal centrifugation through a linear sucrose gradient based on branch length and number. We determined that one round of centrifugation was sufficient for separation. Also, we improved the structural homogeneity and stability of the nanoparticles through the optimization of the storage conditions and established a robust method to sort AuNS based on size and shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Chandra
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vished Kumar
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Indian
Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Stephanie E. Werner
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Teri W. Odom
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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76
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Willersinn J, Schmidt BVKJ. Self-Assembly of Double Hydrophilic Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) Block Copolymers in Aqueous Solution. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E293. [PMID: 30970968 PMCID: PMC6431970 DOI: 10.3390/polym9070293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-assembly of a novel combination of hydrophilic blocks in water is presented, namely poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PEtOx-b-PVP). The completely water-soluble double hydrophilic block copolymer (DHBC) is formed via copper-catalyzed polymer conjugation, whereas the molecular weight of the PVP is varied in order to study the effect of block ratio on the self-assembly process. Studies via dynamic light scattering, static light scattering as well as microscopy techniques, e.g., cryo scanning electron microscopy or laser scanning confocal microscopy, show the formation of spherical particles in an aqueous solution with sizes between 300 and 400 nm. Particles of the DHBCs are formed without the influence of external stimuli. Moreover, the efficiency of self-assembly formation relies significantly on the molar ratio of the utilized blocks. The nature of the formed structures relies further on the concentration, and indications of particular and vesicular structures are found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Willersinn
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.
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77
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Semi-preparative asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation: A closer look at channel dimensions and separation performance. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1499:149-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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78
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Burrows ND, Harvey S, Idesis FA, Murphy CJ. Understanding the Seed-Mediated Growth of Gold Nanorods through a Fractional Factorial Design of Experiments. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:1891-1907. [PMID: 27983861 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Since the development of simple, aqueous protocols for the synthesis of anisotropic metal nanoparticles, research into many promising, valuable applications of gold nanorods has grown considerably, but a number of challenges remain, including gold-particle yield, robustness to minor impurities, and precise control of gold nanorod surface chemistry. Herein we present the results of a composite fractional factorial series of experiments designed to screen seven additional potential avenues of control and to understand the seed-mediated silver-assisted synthesis of gold nanorods. These synthesis variables are the amount of sodium borohydride used and the rate of stirring when producing seed nanoparticles, the age of and the amount of seeds added, the reaction temperature, the amounts of silver nitrate and ascorbic acid added, and the age of the reduced growth solution before seed nanoparticles are added to initiate rod formation. This statistical experimental design and analysis method, besides determining which experimental variables are important and which are not when synthesizing gold nanorods (and quantifying their effects), gives further insight into the mechanism of growth by measuring the degree to which variables interact with each other by mapping out their mechanistic connections. This work demonstrates that when forming gold nanorods by the reduction of auric ions by ascorbic acid onto seed nanoparticles, ascorbic acid determines how much gold is reduced, and the amount of seeds determine how it is divided, yet both influence the intrinsic growth rates, in both width and length, of the forming nanorods. Furthermore, this work shows that the reduction of gold proceeds via direct reduction on the surface of seeds and not through a disproportionation reaction. Further control over the length of gold nanorods can be achieved by tuning the amount of silver nitrate or the reaction temperature. This work shows that silver does not directly influence rod length or width, and a new primary role for silver is proposed as a catalyst promoting the reduction of gold on the ends of forming nanorods. Furthermore, this silver catalyst is removed from the reaction by adsorption onto the surface of the growing nanorod. This work also demonstrates the importance of freshly prepared silver nitrate and ascorbic acid solutions, free from even a few hours of photodegradation, in preparing gold nanorods with high shape purity and gold yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Burrows
- Department of Chemistry, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Samantha Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Fred A Idesis
- Department of Chemistry, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Catherine J Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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79
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Shibu ES, Varkentina N, Cognet L, Lounis B. Small Gold Nanorods with Tunable Absorption for Photothermal Microscopy in Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1600280. [PMID: 28251050 PMCID: PMC5323823 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201600280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, sorting, and characterization of monodisperse gold nanorods with dimensions around 10 nm in length and below 6 nm in diameter is reported. They display tunable plasmon resonance in the near infrared, a region where cellular absorption is reduced. A dual color photothermal microscope is developed to demonstrate that they are promising single molecule probes for bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edakkattuparambil Sidharth Shibu
- University of BordeauxDepartment of Science and TechnologyF‐33405TalenceFrance
- Institut d'Optique and CNRSLP2NF‐33405TalenceFrance
| | - Nadezda Varkentina
- University of BordeauxDepartment of Science and TechnologyF‐33405TalenceFrance
- Institut d'Optique and CNRSLP2NF‐33405TalenceFrance
| | - Laurent Cognet
- University of BordeauxDepartment of Science and TechnologyF‐33405TalenceFrance
- Institut d'Optique and CNRSLP2NF‐33405TalenceFrance
| | - Brahim Lounis
- University of BordeauxDepartment of Science and TechnologyF‐33405TalenceFrance
- Institut d'Optique and CNRSLP2NF‐33405TalenceFrance
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80
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Mao Z, Li P, Wu M, Bachman H, Mesyngier N, Guo X, Liu S, Costanzo F, Huang TJ. Enriching Nanoparticles via Acoustofluidics. ACS NANO 2017; 11:603-612. [PMID: 28068078 PMCID: PMC5536981 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Focusing and enriching submicrometer and nanometer scale objects is of great importance for many applications in biology, chemistry, engineering, and medicine. Here, we present an acoustofluidic chip that can generate single vortex acoustic streaming inside a glass capillary through using low-power acoustic waves (only 5 V is required). The single vortex acoustic streaming that is generated, in conjunction with the acoustic radiation force, is able to enrich submicrometer- and nanometer-sized particles in a small volume. Numerical simulations were used to elucidate the mechanism of the single vortex formation and were verified experimentally, demonstrating the focusing of silica and polystyrene particles ranging in diameter from 80 to 500 nm. Moreover, the acoustofluidic chip was used to conduct an immunoassay in which nanoparticles that captured fluorescently labeled biomarkers were concentrated to enhance the emitted signal. With its advantages in simplicity, functionality, and power consumption, the acoustofluidic chip we present here is promising for many point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangming Mao
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Peng Li
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Mengxi Wu
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Hunter Bachman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Nicolas Mesyngier
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Xiasheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics (MOE), Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Corresponding Author:
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81
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Zhu J, Hersam MC. Assembly and Electronic Applications of Colloidal Nanomaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1603895. [PMID: 27862354 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Artificial solids and thin films assembled from colloidal nanomaterials give rise to versatile properties that can be exploited in a range of technologies. In particular, solution-based processes allow for the large-scale and low-cost production of nanoelectronics on rigid or mechanically flexible substrates. To achieve this goal, several processing steps require careful consideration, including nanomaterial synthesis or exfoliation, purification, separation, assembly, hybrid integration, and device testing. Using a ubiquitous electronic device - the field-effect transistor - as a platform, colloidal nanomaterials in three electronic material categories are reviewed systematically: semiconductors, conductors, and dielectrics. The resulting comparative analysis reveals promising opportunities and remaining challenges for colloidal nanomaterials in electronic applications, thereby providing a roadmap for future research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois, 60208-3108, USA
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois, 60208-3108, USA
- Graduate Program in Applied Physics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Medicine, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208-3108, USA
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82
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Peter C, Derible A, Parmentier J, Le Drian C, Becht JM. A green direct preparation of a magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon catalyst containing Fe–Pd alloys: application to Suzuki–Miyaura reactions in propane-1,2-diol. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00030h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A mesoporous carbon containing Fe–Pd alloys showed excellent activity for Suzuki–Miyaura couplings using tiny amounts of Pd and afforded Pd-free products after reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Peter
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (UMR-CNRS 7361)
- Université de Haute Alsace
- 68057 Mulhouse cedex
- France
| | - A. Derible
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (UMR-CNRS 7361)
- Université de Haute Alsace
- 68057 Mulhouse cedex
- France
| | - J. Parmentier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (UMR-CNRS 7361)
- Université de Haute Alsace
- 68057 Mulhouse cedex
- France
| | - C. Le Drian
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (UMR-CNRS 7361)
- Université de Haute Alsace
- 68057 Mulhouse cedex
- France
| | - J.-M. Becht
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (UMR-CNRS 7361)
- Université de Haute Alsace
- 68057 Mulhouse cedex
- France
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83
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Salafi T, Zeming KK, Zhang Y. Advancements in microfluidics for nanoparticle separation. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 17:11-33. [PMID: 27830852 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01045h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have been widely implemented for healthcare and nanoscience industrial applications. Thus, efficient and effective nanoparticle separation methods are essential for advancement in these fields. However, current technologies for separation, such as ultracentrifugation, electrophoresis, filtration, chromatography, and selective precipitation, are not continuous and require multiple preparation steps and a minimum sample volume. Microfluidics has offered a relatively simple, low-cost, and continuous particle separation approach, and has been well-established for micron-sized particle sorting. Here, we review the recent advances in nanoparticle separation using microfluidic devices, focusing on its techniques, its advantages over conventional methods, and its potential applications, as well as foreseeable challenges in the separation of synthetic nanoparticles and biological molecules, especially DNA, proteins, viruses, and exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoriq Salafi
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS), National University of Singapore, 05-01 28 Medical Drive, 117456 Singapore. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #03-12, 117576 Singapore
| | - Kerwin Kwek Zeming
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #03-12, 117576 Singapore
| | - Yong Zhang
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS), National University of Singapore, 05-01 28 Medical Drive, 117456 Singapore. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #03-12, 117576 Singapore
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84
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Faust JJ, Doudrick K, Yang Y, Capco DG, Westerhoff P. A Facile Method for Separating and Enriching Nano and Submicron Particles from Titanium Dioxide Found in Food and Pharmaceutical Products. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164712. [PMID: 27798677 PMCID: PMC5087857 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate the presence of nano-scale titanium dioxide (TiO2) as an additive in human foodstuffs, but a practical protocol to isolate and separate nano-fractions from soluble foodstuffs as a source of material remains elusive. As such, we developed a method for separating the nano and submicron fractions found in commercial-grade TiO2 (E171) and E171 extracted from soluble foodstuffs and pharmaceutical products (e.g., chewing gum, pain reliever, and allergy medicine). Primary particle analysis of commercial-grade E171 indicated that 54% of particles were nano-sized (i.e., < 100 nm). Isolation and primary particle analysis of five consumer goods intended to be ingested revealed differences in the percent of nano-sized particles from 32%‒58%. Separation and enrichment of nano- and submicron-sized particles from commercial-grade E171 and E171 isolated from foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals was accomplished using rate-zonal centrifugation. Commercial-grade E171 was separated into nano- and submicron-enriched fractions consisting of a nano:submicron fraction of approximately 0.45:1 and 3.2:1, respectively. E171 extracted from gum had nano:submicron fractions of 1.4:1 and 0.19:1 for nano- and submicron-enriched, respectively. We show a difference in particle adhesion to the cell surface, which was found to be dependent on particle size and epithelial orientation. Finally, we provide evidence that E171 particles are not immediately cytotoxic to the Caco-2 human intestinal epithelium model. These data suggest that this separation method is appropriate for studies interested in isolating the nano-sized particle fraction taken directly from consumer products, in order to study separately the effects of nano and submicron particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J. Faust
- Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ 85287-4501, United States of America
| | - Kyle Doudrick
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame IN, 46556, United States of America
| | - Yu Yang
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ 85287-5306, United States of America
| | - David G. Capco
- Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ 85287-4501, United States of America
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ 85287-5306, United States of America
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85
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Culver KSB, Shin YJ, Rotz MW, Meade TJ, Hersam MC, Odom TW. Shape-Dependent Relaxivity of Nanoparticle-Based T1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2016; 120:22103-22109. [PMID: 28008338 PMCID: PMC5172589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b08362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanostars functionalized with Gd(III) have shown significant promise as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) because of their anisotropic, branched shape. However, the size and shape polydispersity of as-synthesized gold nanostars have precluded efforts to develop a rigorous relationship between the gold nanostar structure (e.g., number of branches) and relaxivity of surface-bound Gd(III). This paper describes the use of a centrifugal separation method that can produce structurally refined populations of gold nanostars and is compatible with Gd(III) functionalization. Combined transmission electron microscopy and relaxivity analyses revealed that the increased number of nanostar branches was correlated with enhanced relaxivity. By identifying the underlying relaxivity mechanisms for Gd(III)-functionalized gold nanostars, we can inform the design of high-performance MRI contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla S. B. Culver
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yu Jin Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew W. Rotz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meade
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Corresponding Authors. . Phone: 847-491-2481. . Phone: 847-491-2696. Phone: 847-491-7674
| | - Mark C. Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Corresponding Authors. . Phone: 847-491-2481. . Phone: 847-491-2696. Phone: 847-491-7674
| | - Teri W. Odom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Corresponding Authors. . Phone: 847-491-2481. . Phone: 847-491-2696. Phone: 847-491-7674
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86
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Jarrett R, Crook R. Silver nanowire purification and separation by size and shape using multi-pass filtration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1179/1433075x15y.0000000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Jarrett
- Energy Research Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - R. Crook
- Energy Research Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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87
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Separation and purification of hydrophobic magnetite-gold hybrid nanoparticles by multiphase density gradient centrifugation. Mikrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-016-1838-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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88
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Nguyen TM, Pettibone JM, Gigault J, Hackley VA. In situ monitoring, separation, and characterization of gold nanorod transformation during seed-mediated synthesis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:2195-201. [PMID: 26873210 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9366-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The control of gold nanorod (GNR) solution-based syntheses has been hindered in part by the inability to examine and control the conversion of precursor seed populations to anisotropic materials, which have resulted in low yields of desired products and limited their commercial viability. The advantages offered by tandem separation and characterization methods utilizing asymmetric-flow field flow fractionation (A4F) are principally achieved as a result of their non-disruptive nature (minimizing artefacts), fast throughput, and in-situ analysis. With hyphenated A4F methods, resolved populations of seeds and secondary products, up to long aspect ratio rods, have been achieved and exemplify progress towards elucidating mechanistic aspects of formation and thus rational design. While there have been previously reported studies on A4F separation of GNRs, to our knowledge, this is the first published investigation of in situ GNR growth, separation, and characterization based on A4F, where its utilization in this capacity goes beyond traditional separation analysis. By using hydroquinone as the reducing agent, the conversion of the initial seed population to a distribution of products, including the GNRs, could be monitored in real time using A4F hyphenated with a diode array detector. Transmission electron microscopy confirms that the number of peaks observed during fractionation corresponds with size and shape dispersity. This proof-of-principle study introduces A4F as a technique that establishes a foundation for future mechanistic studies on the growth of GNRs from gold seeds, including conversion of the seed population to initial products, a topic highly relevant to advancing progress in nanomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao M Nguyen
- Materials Measurement Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8520, USA.,ANSER, 5727 Leesburg Pike N-5000, Falls Church, VA, 22041, USA
| | - John M Pettibone
- Materials Measurement Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8520, USA
| | - Julien Gigault
- Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie de l'Environnement, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, 351 Cours de la Libe'ration, Talence, 33405, France
| | - Vincent A Hackley
- Materials Measurement Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8520, USA.
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89
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Marakatti VS, Peter SC. Nickel–antimony nanoparticles confined in SBA-15 as highly efficient catalysts for the hydrogenation of nitroarenes. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03479e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nickel–antimony nanoparticles confined in SBA-15 are found to be highly efficient catalysts for nitroarene reduction reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaykumar S. Marakatti
- New Chemistry Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bangalore-560064
- India
| | - Sebastian C. Peter
- New Chemistry Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bangalore-560064
- India
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90
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Wang R, Ji Y, Wu X, Liu R, Chen L, Ge G. Experimental determination and analysis of gold nanorod settlement by differential centrifugal sedimentation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07829j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct measurement of the sedimentation coefficients of gold nanorods with a controlled shape factor was performed using differential centrifugal sedimentation (DCS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Yinglu Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Xiaochun Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Renxiao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Lan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Guanglu Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing
- China
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91
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Qian F, Lan PC, Olson T, Zhu C, Duoss EB, Spadaccini CM, Han TYJ. Multiphase separation of copper nanowires. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:11627-11630. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06228h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new method to purify copper nanowires with nearly 100% yield from copper nanoparticle side-products formed during a batch copper nanowire synthesis is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Qian
- Physics and Life Science Directorate
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
- Livermore
- USA
| | - Pui Ching Lan
- Physics and Life Science Directorate
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
- Livermore
- USA
| | - Tammy Olson
- Physics and Life Science Directorate
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
- Livermore
- USA
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Engineering Directorate
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
- Livermore
- USA
| | - Eric B. Duoss
- Engineering Directorate
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
- Livermore
- USA
| | | | - T. Yong-Jin Han
- Physics and Life Science Directorate
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
- Livermore
- USA
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92
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Ling S, Liang H, Li Z, Ma L, Yao J, Shao Z, Chen X. Soy protein-directed one-pot synthesis of gold nanomaterials and their functional conductive devices. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:3643-3650. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00616g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanomaterials were synthesized via a facile and green method, using soy protein isolate as reductant, template, and capping agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
| | - Heyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
| | - Zhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
| | - Jinrong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
| | - Zhengzhong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
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93
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Kim S, Wark AW, Lee HJ. Gel electrophoretic analysis of differently shaped interacting and non-interacting bioconjugated nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23948j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gel electrophoresis is demonstrated for monitoring bioaffinity interactions between protein-functionalized nanoparticles featuring different shapes as well as for particle separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhee Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center
- Kyungpook National University
- Daegu-city
- Republic of Korea
| | - Alastair W. Wark
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology
- WestCHEM
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- Technology and Innovation Centre
- University of Strathclyde
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center
- Kyungpook National University
- Daegu-city
- Republic of Korea
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94
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Yao IC, Chang CW, Ko HW, Li H, Lu TC, Chen JT. Rapid separation of gold nanorods in multilayer aqueous systems via centrifugation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21404e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid strategy to separate gold nanorods in multilayer aqueous system via centrifugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chun Yao
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan 30010
| | - Chun-Wei Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan 30010
| | - Hao-Wen Ko
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan 30010
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Photonics
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan 30010
| | - Tien-Chang Lu
- Department of Photonics
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan 30010
| | - Jiun-Tai Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan 30010
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95
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96
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Single nanoparticle plasmonic sensors. SENSORS 2015; 15:25774-92. [PMID: 26473866 PMCID: PMC4634464 DOI: 10.3390/s151025774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The adoption of plasmonic nanomaterials in optical sensors, coupled with the advances in detection techniques, has opened the way for biosensing with single plasmonic particles. Single nanoparticle sensors offer the potential to analyse biochemical interactions at a single-molecule level, thereby allowing us to capture even more information than ensemble measurements. We introduce the concepts behind single nanoparticle sensing and how the localised surface plasmon resonances of these nanoparticles are dependent upon their materials, shape and size. Then we outline the different synthetic approaches, like citrate reduction, seed-mediated and seedless growth, that enable the synthesis of gold and silver nanospheres, nanorods, nanostars, nanoprisms and other nanostructures with tunable sizes. Further, we go into the aspects related to purification and functionalisation of nanoparticles, prior to the fabrication of sensing surfaces. Finally, the recent developments in single nanoparticle detection, spectroscopy and sensing applications are discussed.
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97
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Atefi E, Joshi R, Mann JA, Tavana H. Interfacial Tension Effect on Cell Partition in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:21305-21314. [PMID: 26356592 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) provide a mild environment for the partition and separation of cells. We report a combined experimental and theoretical study on the effect of interfacial tension of polymeric ATPS on the partitioning of cells between two phases and their interface. Two-phase systems are generated using polyethylene glycol and dextran of specific properties as phase-forming polymers and culture media as the solvent component. Ultralow interfacial tensions of the solutions are precisely measured using an axisymmetric drop shape analysis method. Partition experiments show that two-phase systems with an interfacial tension of 30 μJ/m(2) result in distribution of majority of cells to the bottom dextran phase. An increase in the interfacial tension results in a distribution of cells toward the interface. An independent cancer cell spheroid formation assay confirms these observations: a drop of the dextran phase containing cancer cells is dispensed into the immersion polyethylene glycol phase to form a cell-containing drop. Only at very small interfacial tensions do cells remain within the drop to aggregate into a spheroid. We perform a thermodynamic modeling of cell partition to determine variations of free energy associated with displacement of cells in ATPS with respect to the ultralow interfacial tensions. This modeling corroborates with the experimental results and demonstrates that at the smallest interfacial tension of 30 μJ/m(2), the free energy is a minimum with cells in the bottom phase. Increasing the interfacial tension shifts the minimum energy and partition of cells toward the interfacial region of the two aqueous phases. Examining differences in the partition behavior and minimum free energy modeling of A431.H9 cancer cells and mouse embryonic stem cells shows that the surface properties of cells further modulate partition in ATPS. This combined approach provides a fundamental understanding of interfacial tension role on cell partition in ATPS and a framework for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Atefi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Ramila Joshi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Jay Adin Mann
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Hossein Tavana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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98
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Yeo JC, Wang Z, Lim CT. Microfluidic size separation of cells and particles using a swinging bucket centrifuge. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:054114. [PMID: 26487900 PMCID: PMC4592435 DOI: 10.1063/1.4931953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecular separation is crucial for downstream analysis. Separation technique mainly relies on centrifugal sedimentation. However, minuscule sample volume separation and extraction is difficult with conventional centrifuge. Furthermore, conventional centrifuge requires density gradient centrifugation which is laborious and time-consuming. To overcome this challenge, we present a novel size-selective bioparticles separation microfluidic chip on a swinging bucket minifuge. Size separation is achieved using passive pressure driven centrifugal fluid flows coupled with centrifugal force acting on the particles within the microfluidic chip. By adopting centrifugal microfluidics on a swinging bucket rotor, we achieved over 95% efficiency in separating mixed 20 μm and 2 μm colloidal dispersions from its liquid medium. Furthermore, by manipulating the hydrodynamic resistance, we performed size separation of mixed microbeads, achieving size efficiency of up to 90%. To further validate our device utility, we loaded spiked whole blood with MCF-7 cells into our microfluidic device and subjected it to centrifugal force for a mere duration of 10 s, thereby achieving a separation efficiency of over 75%. Overall, our centrifugal microfluidic device enables extremely rapid and label-free enrichment of different sized cells and particles with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology , ASTAR, 71 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 638075
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99
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Kumar AA, Walz JA, Gonidec M, Mace CR, Whitesides GM. Combining Step Gradients and Linear Gradients in Density. Anal Chem 2015; 87:6158-64. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenna A. Walz
- Department
of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | | | - Charles R. Mace
- Department
of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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100
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Sousa C, Sequeira D, Kolen'ko YV, Pinto IM, Petrovykh DY. Analytical protocols for separation and electron microscopy of nanoparticles interacting with bacterial cells. Anal Chem 2015; 87:4641-8. [PMID: 25764323 DOI: 10.1021/ac503835a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
An important step toward understanding interactions between nanoparticles (NPs) and bacteria is the ability to directly observe NPs interacting with bacterial cells. NP-bacteria mixtures typical in nanomedicine, however, are not yet amendable for direct imaging in solution. Instead, evidence of NP-cell interactions must be preserved in derivative (usually dried) samples to be subsequently revealed in high-resolution images, for example, via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Here, this concept is realized for a mixed suspension of model NPs and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. First, protocols for analyzing the relative colloidal stabilities of NPs and bacteria are developed and validated based on systematic centrifugation and comparison of colony forming unit (CFU) counting and optical density (OD) measurements. Rate-dependence of centrifugation efficiency for each component suggests differential sedimentation at a specific predicted rate as an effective method for removing free NPs after co-incubation; the remaining fraction comprises bacteria with any associated NPs and can be examined, for example, by SEM, for evidence of NP-bacteria interactions. These analytical protocols, validated by systematic control experiments and high-resolution SEM imaging, should be generally applicable for investigating NP-bacteria interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Sousa
- †Center of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Diana Sequeira
- †Center of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Yury V Kolen'ko
- ‡International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga 4715-330, Portugal
| | - Inês Mendes Pinto
- ‡International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga 4715-330, Portugal
| | - Dmitri Y Petrovykh
- ‡International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga 4715-330, Portugal
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