51
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Patel M, Bartom ET, Paudel B, Kocherginsky M, O'Shea KL, Murmann AE, Peter ME. Identification of the toxic 6mer seed consensus for human cancer cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5130. [PMID: 35332222 PMCID: PMC8948288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09051-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
6mer seed toxicity is a novel cell death mechanism that kills cancer cells by triggering death induced by survival gene elimination (DISE). It is based on si- or shRNAs with a specific G-rich nucleotide composition in position 2–7 of their guide strand. An arrayed screen of 4096 6mer seeds on two human and two mouse cell lines identified G-rich 6mers as the most toxic seeds. We have now tested two additional cell lines, one human and one mouse, identifying the GGGGGC consensus as the most toxic average 6mer seed for human cancer cells while slightly less significant for mouse cancer cells. RNA Seq and bioinformatics analyses suggested that an siRNA containing the GGGGGC seed (siGGGGGC) is toxic to cancer cells by targeting GCCCCC seed matches located predominantly in the 3′ UTR of a set of genes critical for cell survival. We have identified several genes targeted by this seed and demonstrate direct and specific targeting of GCCCCC seed matches, which is attenuated upon mutation of the GCCCCC seed matches in these 3′ UTRs. Our data show that siGGGGGC kills cancer cells through its miRNA-like activity and points at artificial miRNAs, si- or shRNAs containing this seed as a potential new cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monal Patel
- Department of Medicine/Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Elizabeth T Bartom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Preventive Medicine/Division of Biostatistics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bidur Paudel
- Department of Medicine/Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Masha Kocherginsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine/Division of Biostatistics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kaitlyn L O'Shea
- Department of Preventive Medicine/Division of Biostatistics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrea E Murmann
- Department of Medicine/Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marcus E Peter
- Department of Medicine/Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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52
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Gupta S, Panda PK, Hashimoto RF, Samal SK, Mishra S, Verma SK, Mishra YK, Ahuja R. Dynamical modeling of miR-34a, miR-449a, and miR-16 reveals numerous DDR signaling pathways regulating senescence, autophagy, and apoptosis in HeLa cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4911. [PMID: 35318393 PMCID: PMC8941124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08900-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfection of tumor suppressor miRNAs such as miR-34a, miR-449a, and miR-16 with DNA damage can regulate apoptosis and senescence in cancer cells. miR-16 has been shown to influence autophagy in cervical cancer. However, the function of miR-34a and miR-449a in autophagy remains unknown. The functional and persistent G1/S checkpoint signaling pathways in HeLa cells via these three miRNAs, either synergistically or separately, remain a mystery. As a result, we present a synthetic Boolean network of the functional G1/S checkpoint regulation, illustrating the regulatory effects of these three miRNAs. To our knowledge, this is the first synthetic Boolean network that demonstrates the advanced role of these miRNAs in cervical cancer signaling pathways reliant on or independent of p53, such as MAPK or AMPK. We compared our estimated probability to the experimental data and found reasonable agreement. Our findings indicate that miR-34a or miR-16 may control senescence, autophagy, apoptosis, and the functional G1/S checkpoint. Additionally, miR-449a can regulate just senescence and apoptosis on an individual basis. MiR-449a can coordinate autophagy in HeLa cells in a synergistic manner with miR-16 and/or miR-34a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Gupta
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Departamento de Ciência da Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1010, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil.
| | - Pritam Kumar Panda
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ronaldo F Hashimoto
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Departamento de Ciência da Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1010, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Shailesh Kumar Samal
- Unit of Immunology and Chronic Disease, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Suman Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Suresh Kr Verma
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, 6400, Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Rajeev Ahuja
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden.
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53
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Ma L, Yu J, Zhang H, Zhao B, Zhang J, Yang D, Luo F, Wang B, Jin B, Liu J. Effects of Immune Cells on Intestinal Stem Cells: Prospects for Therapeutic Targets. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2296-2314. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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54
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Moosavy SH, Koochakkhani S, Barazesh M, Mohammadi S, Ahmadi K, Inchehsablagh BR, Kavousipour S, Eftekhar E, Mokaram P. In silico Analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with MicroRNA
Regulating 5-fluorouracil Resistance in Colorectal Cancer. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180818666210930161618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Due to the broad influence and reversible nature of microRNA (miRNA) on the
expression and regulation of target genes, researchers suggest that miRNAs and single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs) in miRNA genes interfere with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) drug resistance in colorectal
cancer chemotherapy.
Methods:
Computational assessment and cataloging of miRNA gene polymorphisms that target mRNA
transcripts directly or indirectly through regulation of 5-FU chemoresistance in CRC were screened out
by applying various universally accessible datasets such as miRNA SNP3.0 software.
Results:
1255 SNPs in 85 miRNAs affecting 5-FU resistance (retrieved from literature) were detected.
Computational analysis showed that 167 from 1255 SNPs alter microRNA expression levels leading to
inadequate response to 5-FU resistance in CRC. Among these 167 SNPs, 39 were located in the seed
region of 25/85 miRNA and were more critical than other SNPs. Has-miR-320a-5p with 4 SNP in seed
region was miRNA with the most number of SNPs. On the other hand, it has been identified that proteoglycan
in cancer, adherents junction, ECM-receptor interaction, Hippo signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling
cascade, biosynthesis of fatty acid, and fatty acid metabolism were the most important pathways
targeted by these 85 predicted miRNAs.
Conclusion:
Our data suggest 39 SNPs in the seed region of 25 miRNAs as catalog in miRNA genes that
control the 5-FU resistance in CRC. These data also identify the most important pathways regulated by
miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hamid Moosavy
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Science, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Shabnaz Koochakkhani
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar
Abbas 7919915519, Iran
| | - Mahdi Barazesh
- School of Paramedical Sciences, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Shiva Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad,
Iran
| | - Khadijeh Ahmadi
- Infection and Tropical Disease Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical
Science, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Behnaz Rahnama Inchehsablagh
- Department of Physiology and Student Research Committee, Hormozgan University of
Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Soudabeh Kavousipour
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar
Abbas 7919915519, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Eftekhar
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar
Abbas 7919915519, Iran
| | - Pooneh Mokaram
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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55
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Hosseini NF, Dalirfardouei R, Aliramaei MR, Najafi R. Stem cells or their exosomes: which is preferred in COVID-19 treatment? Biotechnol Lett 2022; 44:159-177. [PMID: 35043287 PMCID: PMC8765836 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It only took 8 months for the pneumonia caused by a previously unknown coronavirus to turn into a global pandemic of unprecedentedly far-reaching implications. Failure of the already discovered treatment measures opened up a new opportunity to evaluate the potentials of mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles (EVs), exosomes in particular. Eventually, the initial success experienced after the use of MSCs in treating the new pneumonia by Lnge and his team backed up the idea of MSC-based therapies and pushed them closer to becoming a reality. However, MSC-related concerns regarding safety such as abnormal differentiation, spontaneous malignant and the formation of ectopic tissues have triggered the replacement of MSCs by their secreted exosomes. The issue has been further strengthened by the fact that the exosomes leave similar treatment impacts when compared to their parental cells. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the use of MSC-derived exosomes in the treatment of a variety of diseases. With a primary focus on COVID-19 and its current treatment methods, the present review looks into the potentials of MSCs and MSC-derived exosomes in battling the ongoing pandemic. Finally, the research will draw an analogy between exosomes and their parental cells, when it comes to the progresses and challenges in using exosomes as a large-scale treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashmin Fayazi Hosseini
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Razieh Dalirfardouei
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Rezvan Najafi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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56
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AM22, a novel synthetic microRNA, inhibits the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells by targeting core binding factor subunit β (CBFB). Invest New Drugs 2022; 40:469-477. [PMID: 34985594 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01208-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies have revealed the important roles of the nonseed regions of microRNAs (miRNAs) in gene regulation, which provided novel insight into the development of miRNA analogs for cancer therapy. Here, we altered each nucleotide in the nonseed region of miR-34a and obtained novel synthetic miRNA analogs. Among them, AM22, with a base alteration from G to C at the 17th nucleotide of miR-34a, showed extensive antiproliferative activity against several colorectal tumor cell lines and achieved effective inhibition of core binding factor subunit β (CBFB) expression. Subsequent investigations demonstrated that AM22 directly targeted CBFB by binding to its 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). Inhibition of CBFB showed obvious antiproliferative activity on HCT-116 and SW620 cells. Furthermore, the antiproliferative effects of AM22 on these cells were also measured in xenograft mouse models. In conclusion, this study identified AM22 as a potential antitumor miRNA by targeting CBFB and provided a new design approach for miRNA-based cancer treatment by changing the nonseed region of miRNA.
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57
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Wang C, Jia Q, Guo X, Li K, Chen W, Shen Q, Xu C, Fu Y. microRNA-34 Family: From Mechanism to Potential Applications. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 144:106168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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58
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Kawami M, Takenaka S, Akai M, Yumoto R, Takano M. Characterization of miR-34a-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Non-Small Lung Cancer Cells Focusing on p53. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121853. [PMID: 34944497 PMCID: PMC8699678 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a phenotypic conversion of the epithelial to mesenchymal state, contributes to cancer progression. Currently, several microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with EMT-mediated cancer progression, but the contribution of miR-34a to EMT in cancer cells remains controversial. The present study aimed to clarify the role of miR-34a in the EMT-related phenotypes of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, A549 (p53 wild-type) and H1299 (p53-deficient). Methods: The miR-34a mimic and p53 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were transfected into the cells using Lipofectamine, and the obtained total RNA and cell lysates were used for real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Results: The introduction of the miR-34a mimic led to an increase in the mRNA and protein expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), a mesenchymal marker gene, in A549, but not in H1299 cells. Additionally, miR-34a-induced the upregulation of p53 activity and migration was observed in A549, but not in H1299 cells. However, under the p53-knockdown condition, only α-SMA upregulation by miR-34a was abolished. Conclusion: These findings indicate a close relationship between p53 and miR-34a-induced EMT in p53-wild type NSCLC cells, which provides novel insights about the role of miR-34a in EMT-like phenotypic changes in NSCLC.
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59
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Mohamed DAW, Nabil ES, Motaleb FIA, Aboushahba RM, Abou-Zeid AAA, Mohamed SM. miR-34a-5p suppresses colorectal cancer cell proliferation through silencing Microtubule Actin Crosslinking Factor 1 (MACF1) gene. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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60
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Li X, Zhao S, Fu Y, Zhang P, Zhang Z, Cheng J, Liu L, Jiang H. miR-34a-5p functions as a tumor suppressor in head and neck squamous cell cancer progression by targeting Flotillin-2. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:4327-4339. [PMID: 34803501 PMCID: PMC8579463 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.64851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While a number of therapeutic advances have been made in recent years, the overall survival of patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) remains poor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key drivers of oncogenic progression, with miR-34a-5p downregulation having been observed in many different tumor types. Here, we assessed the link between miR-34a-5p and HNSCC progression and the mechanistic basis for this relationship. Levels of miR-34a-5p in HNSCC tumors and cell lines were assessed via qPCR, after which we explored the functional importance of this miRNA in this oncogenic setting. Through luciferase reporter assays, the ability of miR-34a-5p to regulate flotillin-2 (FLOT-2) was further clarified. Overall, these analyses revealed that HNSCC tumors and cells exhibited marked miR-34a-5p downregulation that was linked to the progression of this tumor type. At a functional level, miR-34a-5p constrained the proliferation, migratory/invasive activity, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition induction in HNSCC cells. At the mechanistic level, miR-34a-5p was found to suppress FLOT-2 expression and to activate the MEK/ERK1/2 pathway. Overall, these results suggest that miR-34a-5p can function as a tumor suppressor miRNA in HNSCC owing to its ability to target FLOT-2, highlighting the promise of targeting this regulatory axis to treat HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine
| | - Shouwei Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Laikui Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine
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61
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Alyami NM. MicroRNAs Role in Breast Cancer: Theranostic Application in Saudi Arabia. Front Oncol 2021; 11:717759. [PMID: 34760689 PMCID: PMC8573223 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.717759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is an aggressive silent disease, representing 11.7% of the diagnosed cancer worldwide, and it is also a leading cause of death in Saudi Arabia. Consequently, microRNAs have emerged recently as potential biomarkers to diagnose and monitor such cases at the molecular level, which tends to be problematic during diagnosis. MicroRNAs are highly conserved non- coding oligonucleotide RNA. Over the last two decades, studies have determined the functional significance of these small RNAs and their impact on cellular development and the interaction between microRNAs and messenger RNAs, which affect numerous molecular pathways and physiological functions. Moreover, many disorders, including breast cancer, are associated with the dysregulation of microRNA. Sparingly, many microRNAs can suppress cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and vice versa. Remarkably, microRNAs can be harvested from patients’ biofluids to predict disease progression that considered a non-invasive method. Nevertheless, MicroRNAs are currently utilized as anti- cancer therapies combined with other drug therapies or even as a single agents’ treatment. Therefore, this review will focus on microRNAs’ role in breast cancer as an indicator of disease progression. In addition, this review summarizes the current knowledge of drug sensitivity and methods in detecting microRNA and their application to improve patient care and identifies the current gaps in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf M Alyami
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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62
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The impact of HPV infection on human glycogen and lipid metabolism - a review. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1877:188646. [PMID: 34763025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reinterpretation of the Wartburg effect leads to understanding aerobic glycolysis as a process that provides considerable amount of molecular precursors for the production of lipids, nucleotides and amino acids that are necessary for continuous growth and rapid proliferation characteristic for cancer cells. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a number one cause of cervical carcinoma with 99% of the cervical cancer patients being HPV positive. This tight link between HPV and cancer raises the question if and how HPV impact cells to reprogram their metabolism? Focusing on early phase proteins E1, E2, E5, E6 and E7 we demonstrate that HPV activates plethora of metabolic pathways and directly influences enzymes of the glycolysis pathway to promote the Warburg effect by increasing glucose uptake, activating glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway, increasing the level of lactate dehydrogenase A synthesis and inhibiting β-oxidation. Our considerations lead to conclusion that HPV is substantially involved in metabolic cell reprogramming toward neoplastic phenotype and its metabolic activity is the fundamental reason of its oncogenicity.
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63
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Sempere LF, Azmi AS, Moore A. microRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic applications in cancer medicine. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2021; 12:e1662. [PMID: 33998154 PMCID: PMC8519065 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
It has been almost two decades since the first link between microRNAs and cancer was established. In the ensuing years, this abundant class of short noncoding regulatory RNAs has been studied in virtually all cancer types. This tremendously large body of research has generated innovative technological advances for detection of microRNAs in tissue and bodily fluids, identified the diagnostic, prognostic, and/or predictive value of individual microRNAs or microRNA signatures as potential biomarkers for patient management, shed light on regulatory mechanisms of RNA-RNA interactions that modulate gene expression, uncovered cell-autonomous and cell-to-cell communication roles of specific microRNAs, and developed a battery of viral and nonviral delivery approaches for therapeutic intervention. Despite these intense and prolific research efforts in preclinical and clinical settings, there are a limited number of microRNA-based applications that have been incorporated into clinical practice. We review recent literature and ongoing clinical trials that highlight most promising approaches and standing challenges to translate these findings into viable microRNA-based clinical tools for cancer medicine. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo F. Sempere
- Department of Radiology, Precision Health ProgramMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Asfar S. Azmi
- Department of OncologyWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
- Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Anna Moore
- Departments of Radiology and Physiology, Precision Health ProgramMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
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64
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Korotkov A, Sim NS, Luinenburg MJ, Anink JJ, van Scheppingen J, Zimmer TS, Bongaarts A, Broekaart DWM, Mijnsbergen C, Jansen FE, Van Hecke W, Spliet WGM, van Rijen PC, Feucht M, Hainfellner JA, Kršek P, Zamecnik J, Crino PB, Kotulska K, Lagae L, Jansen AC, Kwiatkowski DJ, Jozwiak S, Curatolo P, Mühlebner A, Lee JH, Mills JD, van Vliet EA, Aronica E. MicroRNA-34a activation in tuberous sclerosis complex during early brain development may lead to impaired corticogenesis. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2021; 47:796-811. [PMID: 33942341 PMCID: PMC8519131 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disorder associated with dysregulation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling pathway. Neurodevelopmental disorders, frequently present in TSC, are linked to cortical tubers in the brain. We previously reported microRNA-34a (miR-34a) among the most upregulated miRs in tubers. Here, we characterised miR-34a expression in tubers with the focus on the early brain development and assessed the regulation of mTORC1 pathway and corticogenesis by miR-34a. METHODS We analysed the expression of miR-34a in resected cortical tubers (n = 37) compared with autopsy-derived control tissue (n = 27). The effect of miR-34a overexpression on corticogenesis was assessed in mice at E18. The regulation of the mTORC1 pathway and the expression of the bioinformatically predicted target genes were assessed in primary astrocyte cultures from three patients with TSC and in SH-SY5Y cells following miR-34a transfection. RESULTS The peak of miR-34a overexpression in tubers was observed during infancy, concomitant with the presence of pathological markers, particularly in giant cells and dysmorphic neurons. miR-34a was also strongly expressed in foetal TSC cortex. Overexpression of miR-34a in mouse embryos decreased the percentage of cells migrated to the cortical plate. The transfection of miR-34a mimic in TSC astrocytes negatively regulated mTORC1 and decreased the expression of the target genes RAS related (RRAS) and NOTCH1. CONCLUSIONS MicroRNA-34a is most highly overexpressed in tubers during foetal and early postnatal brain development. miR-34a can negatively regulate mTORC1; however, it may also contribute to abnormal corticogenesis in TSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Korotkov
- Department of (Neuro) PathologyAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Nam Suk Sim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Mark J. Luinenburg
- Department of (Neuro) PathologyAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jasper J. Anink
- Department of (Neuro) PathologyAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jackelien van Scheppingen
- Department of (Neuro) PathologyAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of NeuroimmunologyNetherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Till S. Zimmer
- Department of (Neuro) PathologyAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Anika Bongaarts
- Department of (Neuro) PathologyAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Diede W. M. Broekaart
- Department of (Neuro) PathologyAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Caroline Mijnsbergen
- Department of (Neuro) PathologyAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Floor E. Jansen
- Department of Paediatric NeurologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Wim Van Hecke
- Department of PathologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Wim G. M. Spliet
- Department of PathologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Peter C. van Rijen
- University Medical CenterBrain CentreRudolf Magnus Institute for NeuroscienceUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Martha Feucht
- Department of PediatricsMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Pavel Kršek
- Department of Pediatric Neurology2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University HospitalPragueCzech Republic
| | - Josef Zamecnik
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University HospitalPragueCzech Republic
| | - Peter B. Crino
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Katarzyna Kotulska
- Department of Neurology and EpileptologyThe Children's Memorial Health InstituteWarsawPoland
| | - Lieven Lagae
- Department of Development and Regeneration‐Section Pediatric NeurologyUniversity Hospitals KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Anna C. Jansen
- Pediatric Neurology UnitUniversitair Ziekenhuis BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | | | - Sergiusz Jozwiak
- Department of Neurology and EpileptologyThe Children's Memorial Health InstituteWarsawPoland
- Department of Child NeurologyMedical University of WarsawWarsawPoland
| | - Paolo Curatolo
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry UnitSystems Medicine DepartmentTor Vergata UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Angelika Mühlebner
- Department of (Neuro) PathologyAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jeong H. Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonRepublic of Korea
- SoVarGen, IncDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - James D. Mills
- Department of (Neuro) PathologyAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyChalfont St PeterUK
| | - Erwin A. van Vliet
- Department of (Neuro) PathologyAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Center for NeuroscienceSwammerdam Institute for Life SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of (Neuro) PathologyAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen NederlandHeemstedeThe Netherlands
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Pan Y, Li K, Tao X, Zhao Y, Chen Q, Li N, Liu J, Go VLW, Guo J, Gao G, Xiao GG. MicroRNA-34a Alleviates Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer by Repression of Cancer Stem Cell Renewal. Pancreas 2021; 50:1260-1266. [PMID: 34860809 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to enhance the sensitivity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells by microRNA-34a (miR-34a)-mediated targeting of Notch 1. METHODS Cell viability was determined by using an MTT (3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-2)-3,5-diphenytetrazoliumromide) assay. The expression levels of miR-34a and relevant mRNAs were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Protein levels were measured by Western blotting. Cellular stemness was assessed by cell invasiveness and sphere formation assays. A transplanted tumor model was established for in vivo experiments. RESULTS MicroRNA-34a enhanced gemcitabine sensitivity both in vivo and in vitro. MicroRNA-34a suppressed the stemness and proliferation of pancreatic cancer stem cells. MicroRNA-34a directly associated with Notch 1, which lies upstream of epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS MicroRNA-34a sensitized pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine treatment by inhibiting Notch 1 signaling in pancreatic cancer stem cells, indicating that miR-34a has the potential to be developed as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Cell Self Renewal/drug effects
- Cell Self Renewal/genetics
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cell Survival/genetics
- Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives
- Deoxycytidine/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Mice, Nude
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Receptor, Notch1/genetics
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays/methods
- Gemcitabine
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Pan
- From the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian
| | - Kun Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian
| | - Xufeng Tao
- From the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian
| | - Yongxin Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Chen
- From the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian
| | - Ning Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian
| | - Jianzhou Liu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian
| | - Vay Liang W Go
- The UCLA Agi Hirshberg Center for Pancreatic Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Junchao Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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66
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Meng F, Chen Y, Yang M, Zhang H, Wang W. Concomitant inhibition of B7-H3 and PD-L1 expression by a novel and synthetic microRNA delivers potent antitumor activities in colorectal tumor models. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:1267-1274. [PMID: 33909231 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The families of miR-34 and miR-449 share the same seed region. However, the members showed differential effects on the expression of B7-H3 and PD-L1 in HCT-116 cells. Using miR-34a as a template, the non-seed region was modified by nucleotide alteration, yielding four synthetic microRNA (miRNA) analogs. Among those, NS-MX3, with a base alteration from G to C at the 18th locus of miR-34a, showed the most potent inhibition on both B7-H3 and PD-L1 expression. Subsequent investigations demonstrated that NS-MX3 had a broad anti-proliferation activity against several colorectal tumor cell lines and its antitumor effect was consistently reflected by tumor growth inhibition (TGI) in the HCT-116 xenograft model. In addition, NS-MX3 displayed a synergistic effect on TGI when combined with bevacizumab or regorafenib. Further analysis revealed that the superior antitumor activity of NS-MX3 was correlated to concomitant suppression of both B7-H3 and PD-L1 expression in tumor tissues. Taken together, the present study indicates that the non-seed region of miRNAs plays an important role in the regulation of checkpoint genes, thus showcasing single nucleotide alteration of the non-seed region as a promising approach to discover and develop novel immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyi Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yinshuang Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Man Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hongjian Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Weipeng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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67
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Zia A, Farkhondeh T, Sahebdel F, Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Samarghandian S. Key miRNAs in Modulating Aging and Longevity: A Focus on Signaling Pathways and Cellular Targets. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:736-762. [PMID: 34533452 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210917141541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial procedure accompanied by gradual deterioration of most biological procedures of cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of mRNAs through sequence-specific binding, and contributing to many crucial aspects of cell biology. Several miRNAs are expressed differently in various organisms through aging. The function of miRNAs in modulating aging procedures has been disclosed recently with the detection of miRNAs that modulate longevity in the invertebrate model organisms, through the IIS pathway. In these model organisms, several miRNAs have been detected to both negatively and positively regulate lifespan via commonly aging pathways. miRNAs modulate age-related procedures and disorders in different mammalian tissues by measuring their tissue-specific expression in older and younger counterparts, including heart, skin, bone, brain, and muscle tissues. Moreover, several miRNAs have been contributed to modulating senescence in different human cells, and the roles of these miRNAs in modulating cellular senescence have allowed illustrating some mechanisms of aging. The review discusses the available data on miRNAs through the aging process and we highlight the roles of miRNAs as aging biomarkers and regulators of longevity in cellular senescence, tissue aging, and organism lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliabbas Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Faezeh Sahebdel
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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68
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Sharma S, Pukale S, Sahel DK, Singh P, Mittal A, Chitkara D. Folate targeted hybrid lipo-polymeric nanoplexes containing docetaxel and miRNA-34a for breast cancer treatment. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 128:112305. [PMID: 34474856 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In spite of established evidence of the synergistic combination of hydrophobic anticancer molecule and microRNA for breast cancer treatment, their in vivo delivery has not been realized owing to their instability in the biological milieu and varied physicochemical properties. The present work reports folate targeted hybrid lipo-polymeric nanoplexes for co-delivering DTX and miR-34a. These nanoplexes exhibited a mean size of 129.3 nm with complexation efficiency at an 8:1 N/P ratio. The obtained nanoplexes demonstrated higher entrapment efficiency of DTX (94.8%) with a sustained release profile up to 85% till 48 h. Further, an improved transfection efficiency in MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 breast cancer cells was observed with uptake primarily through lipid-raft and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Further, nanoplexes showed improved cytotoxicity (~3.5-5 folds), apoptosis (~1.6-2.0 folds), and change in expression of apoptotic genes (~4-7 folds) compared to the free treatment group in breast cancer cells. In vivo systemic administration of FA-functionalized DTX and FAM-siRNA-loaded nanoplexes showed an improved area under the curve (AUC) as well as circulation half-life compared to free DTX and naked FAM-labelled siRNA. Acute toxicity studies of the cationic polymer showed no toxicity at a dose equivalent to 10 mg/kg based on the hematological, biochemical, and histopathological examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Vidya Vihar Campus, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India; School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sudeep Pukale
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Vidya Vihar Campus, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Sahel
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Vidya Vihar Campus, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prabhjeet Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Vidya Vihar Campus, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Vidya Vihar Campus, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Vidya Vihar Campus, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
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Arunachalam A, Lakshmanan DK, Ravichandran G, Paul S, Manickam S, Kumar PV, Thilagar S. Regulatory mechanisms of heme regulatory protein BACH1: a potential therapeutic target for cancer. Med Oncol 2021; 38:122. [PMID: 34482423 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01573-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A limited number of overexpressed transcription factors are associated with cancer progression in many types of cancer. BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) is the first mammalian heme-binding transcription factor that belongs to the basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) family and a member of CNC (cap 'n' collar). It forms heterodimers with the small musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (MAF) proteins and stimulates or suppresses the expression of target genes under a very low intracellular heme concentration. It possesses a significant regulatory role in heme homeostasis, oxidative stress, cell cycle, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and cancer metastasis progression. This review discusses the current knowledge about how BACH1 regulates cancer metastasis in various types of cancer and other carcinogenic associated factors such as oxidative stress, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Overall, from the reported studies and outcomes, it could be realized that BACH1 is a potential pharmacological target for discovering new therapeutic anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abirami Arunachalam
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Lakshmanan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India
| | - Guna Ravichandran
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India
| | - Soumi Paul
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Palanirajan Vijayaraj Kumar
- Department (Pharmaceutical Technology), Faculty of Pharmacy, UCSI University, South Campus, Taman Connaught, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sivasudha Thilagar
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India.
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Tian W, Sun Y, Cheng Y, Ma X, Du W, Shi W, Guo Q. Arsenic sulfide reverses cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo through targeting PD-L1. Thorac Cancer 2021; 12:2551-2563. [PMID: 34469060 PMCID: PMC8487818 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have found that programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) might be involved in chemotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Arsenic sulfide (As4 S4 ) has been recognized to have antitumor activities and enhance the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy drugs. In this study, we aimed to verify the relationship between PD-L1 and cisplatin (DDP) resistance and identify whether As4 S4 could reverse DDP resistance through targeting PD-L1 in NSCLC. METHODS The effect of As4 S4 and DDP on cell proliferation and apoptosis was investigated in NSCLC cell lines. The expression of p53 and PD-L1 proteins was measured by western blotting analysis. The levels of miR-34a-5p, miR-34a-3p and PD-L1 in cells were measured by real-time qPCR analysis. Mouse xenograft models were established by inoculation with A549/DDP (DDP-resistant) cells. RESULTS Depletion of PD-L1 inhibited DDP resistance in A549/DDP and H1299/DDP cells. As4 S4 was capable of sensitizing A549/DDP cells to DDP by enhancing apoptosis. As4 S4 upregulated p53 expression and downregulated PD-L1 expression in A549/DDP cells. As4 S4 increased miR-34a-5p level in A549/DDP cells. Inhibition of p53 by PFT-α partially restored the levels of PD-L1 and miR-34a-5p. Pretreatment with PFT-α suppressed the apoptosis rate induced by cotreatment of As4 S4 and DDP in A549/DDP cells. Cotreatment of DDP and As4 S4 notably reduced the tumor size when compared with DDP treatment alone in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Upregulation of PD-L1 was correlated with DDP resistance in NSCLC cells. Mechanistic analyses indicated that As4 S4 might sensitize NSCLC cells to DDP through targeting p53/miR-34a-5p/PD-L1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Oncology Ward I, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Oncology III, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Yinping Sun
- Department of Oncology III, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Yuping Cheng
- Department of Oncology III, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zhangqiu People's Hospital, Zhangqiu, China
| | - Weina Du
- Department of Critical Medicine, Huantai People's Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Wenna Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qisen Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Oncology Ward I, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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71
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Zhu H, Lin Y, Liu Y. miR‑34a increases inflammation and oxidative stress levels in patients with necrotizing enterocolitis by downregulating SIRT1 expression. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:664. [PMID: 34296298 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The miR‑34a/SIRT1 signaling axis is an important signaling axis in tumors and diseases. Notably, low SIRT1 expression in the intestinal tissues of patients with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) has been reported. However, whether miR‑34a/SIRT1 signaling as a target to protect the intestines during the NEC process is unclear and remains to be elucidated. Blood samples were collected from 30 patients with NEC, and an NEC rat model was used. The miR‑34a and SIRT1 gene and protein expression levels were assayed by qPCR and Western blotting method. The inflammatory cytokine levels and oxidative stress levels were detected using the ELISA method. The results demonstrated that birth weight, albumin and glucose concentrations were significantly decreased in the NEC patient group compared with the control group, but the C‑reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) concentrations were significantly increased. The miR‑34a expression level was notably increased in the NEC group, but the SIRT1 expression level was markedly decreased. Notably, the miR‑34a was significantly correlated with NEC severity and the concentrations of CRP, PCT, IL‑6, TNF‑α, IL‑1β, IL‑8, MCP‑1, VCAM1 and malondialdehyde (MDA), but was significantly negatively correlated with SIRT1 gene expression and the concentration of IL‑10. Intestinal villi damage in NEC rats was decreased with miR‑34a inhibition and SIRT1 activation treatment by decreasing the levels of inflammatory cytokines, including IL‑6, TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑8, and oxidative stress proteins, including MCP‑1, VCAM1, and MDA, as well as increasing the level of the anti‑inflammatory cytokine IL‑10. In addition, the results indicated that miR‑34a inhibition and SIRT1 activation strongly protected the intestine and decreased the damage caused by NEC, not only by decreasing the protein levels of SIRT1, TNF‑α, IL‑1β, IL‑6 and IL‑8, but also by increasing the IL‑10 protein levels. The miR‑34a inhibition and SIRT1 activation may decrease the damage caused by NEC by decreasing proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress proteins and by increasing the anti‑inflammatory cytokine pathway. Based on the aforementioned analysis, the miR‑34a and SIRT1 proteins may be potential novel therapeutic targets in NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhu
- Department of NICU, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of NICU, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Yongle Liu
- Department of NICU, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
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Inhibition of HDAC1 alleviates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial remodeling through up-regulation of miR-34a. Respir Res 2021; 22:239. [PMID: 34465322 PMCID: PMC8408973 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01832-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been found that up-regulation of histone deacetylases 1 (HDAC1) is involved in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, it is still unclear whether inhibition of HDAC1 suppresses the development of PAH via restoring miR-34a level in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rats. Methods PAH rat models were induced by intraperitoneal injection of MCT. HDAC1 was suppressed by intraperitoneal injection of the class I HDAC inhibitor MS-275, and miR-34a was over-expressed via tail vein injection of miR-34a agomiR. Results HDAC1 protein was significantly increased in MCT-induced PAH rats; this was accompanied with down-regulation of miR-34a and subsequent up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9)/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) and MMP-2/TIMP-2. Administration of PAH rats with MS-275 or miR-34a agomiR dramatically abolished MCT-induced reduction of miR-34a and subsequent up-regulation of MMP-9/TIMP-1 and MMP-2/TIMP-2, finally reduced extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, pulmonary arterial remodeling, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and right ventricle hypertrophy index (RVHI) in PAH rats. Conclusions HDAC1 contributes to the development of MCT-induced rat PAH by suppressing miR-34a level and subsequently up-regulating the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 and MMP-2/TIMP-2. Inhibition of HDAC1 alleviates pulmonary arterial remodeling and PAH through up-regulation of miR-34a level and subsequent reduction of MMP-9/TIMP-1 and MMP-2/TIMP-2, suggesting that inhibition of HDAC1 might have potential value in the management of PAH.
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Synoradzki KJ, Bartnik E, Czarnecka AM, Fiedorowicz M, Firlej W, Brodziak A, Stasinska A, Rutkowski P, Grieb P. TP53 in Biology and Treatment of Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4284. [PMID: 34503094 PMCID: PMC8428337 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The TP53 gene is mutated in 50% of human tumors. Oncogenic functions of mutant TP53 maintain tumor cell proliferation and tumor growth also in osteosarcomas. We collected data on TP53 mutations in patients to indicate which are more common and describe their role in in vitro and animal models. We also describe animal models with TP53 dysfunction, which provide a good platform for testing the potential therapeutic approaches. Finally, we have indicated a whole range of pharmacological compounds that modulate the action of p53, stabilize its mutated versions or lead to its degradation, cause silencing or, on the contrary, induce the expression of its functional version in genetic therapy. Although many of the described therapies are at the preclinical testing stage, they offer hope for a change in the approach to osteosarcoma treatment based on TP53 targeting in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jozef Synoradzki
- Small Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.C.); (A.S.); (P.G.)
| | - Ewa Bartnik
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna M. Czarnecka
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.C.); (A.S.); (P.G.)
- Department of Soft Tissue, Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (W.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Michał Fiedorowicz
- Small Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Wiktoria Firlej
- Department of Soft Tissue, Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (W.F.); (P.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Brodziak
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Stasinska
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.C.); (A.S.); (P.G.)
| | - Piotr Rutkowski
- Department of Soft Tissue, Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (W.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Paweł Grieb
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.C.); (A.S.); (P.G.)
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Abstract
While p53 is the most highly mutated and perhaps best studied tumor suppressor protein related to cancer, it remains refractory to targeted therapeutic strategies. In this issue of the JCI, Tan and colleagues investigated the mechanistic basis of the mutant p53 secretome in preclinical models of lung adenocarcinoma. The authors uncovered miR-34a as a regulator of a conventional protein secretion axis, which is mediated by three proteins: the Golgi reassembly and stacking protein 55 kDa (GRASP55), basic leucine zipper nuclear factor 1, and myosin IIA. Inhibition of GRASP55 in TP53-deficient lung adenocarcinoma suppressed protumorigenic secretion of osteopontin/secreted phosphoprotein 1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 and reduced tumor growth and metastases in mice as well as in patient-derived xenografts. These results provide a therapeutic opportunity to target downstream effects of p53 loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Sehgal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David A Barbie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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75
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Wang P, Zhou Y, Richards AM. Effective tools for RNA-derived therapeutics: siRNA interference or miRNA mimicry. Theranostics 2021; 11:8771-8796. [PMID: 34522211 PMCID: PMC8419061 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The approval of the first small interfering RNA (siRNA) drug Patisiran by FDA in 2018 marks a new era of RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics. MicroRNAs (miRNA), an important post-transcriptional gene regulator, are also the subject of both basic research and clinical trials. Both siRNA and miRNA mimics are ~21 nucleotides RNA duplexes inducing mRNA silencing. Given the well performance of siRNA, researchers ask whether miRNA mimics are unnecessary or developed siRNA technology can pave the way for the emergence of miRNA mimic drugs. Through comprehensive comparison of siRNA and miRNA, we focus on (1) the common features and lessons learnt from the success of siRNAs; (2) the unique characteristics of miRNA that potentially offer additional therapeutic advantages and opportunities; (3) key areas of ongoing research that will contribute to clinical application of miRNA mimics. In conclusion, miRNA mimics have unique properties and advantages which cannot be fully matched by siRNA in clinical applications. MiRNAs are endogenous molecules and the gene silencing effects of miRNA mimics can be regulated or buffered to ameliorate or eliminate off-target effects. An in-depth understanding of the differences between siRNA and miRNA mimics will facilitate the development of miRNA mimic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 119228 Singapore
| | - Yue Zhou
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 119228 Singapore
| | - Arthur M. Richards
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 119228 Singapore
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, New Zealand
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76
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The Role of microRNAs in Cholangiocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147627. [PMID: 34299246 PMCID: PMC8306241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), an aggressive malignancy, is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage. It is associated with dismal 5-year postoperative survival rates, generating an urgent need for prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that are associated with cancer regulation, including modulation of cell cycle progression, apoptosis, metastasis, angiogenesis, autophagy, therapy resistance, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Several miRNAs have been found to be dysregulated in CCA and are associated with CCA-related risk factors. Accumulating studies have indicated that the expression of altered miRNAs could act as oncogenic or suppressor miRNAs in the development and progression of CCA and contribute to clinical diagnosis and prognosis prediction as potential biomarkers. Furthermore, miRNAs and their target genes also contribute to targeted therapy development and aid in the determination of drug resistance mechanisms. This review aims to summarize the roles of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of CCA, their potential use as biomarkers of diagnosis and prognosis, and their utilization as novel therapeutic targets in CCA.
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77
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Govindaraj V, Kar S. Role of microRNAs in oncogenesis: Insights from computational and systems‐level modeling approaches. COMPUTATIONAL AND SYSTEMS ONCOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cso2.1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandip Kar
- Department of Chemistry IIT Bombay Mumbai India
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78
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Naeli P, Yousefi F, Ghasemi Y, Savardashtaki A, Mirzaei H. The Role of MicroRNAs in Lung Cancer: Implications for Diagnosis and Therapy. Curr Mol Med 2021; 20:90-101. [PMID: 31573883 DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666191001113511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the first cause of cancer death in the world due to its high prevalence, aggressiveness, late diagnosis, lack of effective treatment and poor prognosis. It also shows high rate of recurrence, metastasis and drug resistance. All these problems highlight the urgent needs for developing new strategies using noninvasive biomarkers for early detection, metastasis and recurrence of disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. These molecules found to be abnormally expressed in increasing number of human disease conditions including cancer. miRNAs could be detected in body fluids such as blood, serum, urine and sputum, which leads us towards the idea of using them as non-invasive biomarker for cancer detection and monitoring cancer treatment and recurrence. miRNAs are found to be deregulated in lung cancer initiation and progression and could regulate lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion. In this review, we summarized recent progress and discoveries in microRNAs regulatory role in lung cancer initiation and progression. In addition, the role of microRNAs in EGFR signaling pathway regulation is discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Naeli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Genetics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yousefi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Genetics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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79
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Ye L, Wang F, Wu H, Yang H, Yang Y, Ma Y, Xue A, Zhu J, Chen M, Wang J, Zhang QA. Functions and Targets of miR-335 in Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:3335-3349. [PMID: 34045870 PMCID: PMC8144171 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s305098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (18~25 nt in length) that act as master regulators of eukaryotic gene expression. They might play an oncogenic or tumor-suppressive role in multiple cancers. In recent decades, several studies have focused on the functions and mechanisms of miR-335 in cancer. The expression level of miR-335 in tissues and cells varies with cancer types, and miR-335 has been proposed as a potential biomarker for the prognosis of cancer. Besides, miR-335 may serve as an oncogene or tumor suppressor via regulating different targets or pathways in tumor initiation, development, and metastasis. Furthermore, miR-335 also influences tumor microenvironment and drug sensitivity. MiR-335 is regulated by various factors such as lncRNAs and microRNAs. In this review, we reveal the functions and targets of miR-335 in various cancers and its potential application as a possible biomarker in prognostic judgment and treatment of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Ye
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Aili Xue
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meili Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan An Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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80
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Grimaldi AM, Salvatore M, Incoronato M. miRNA-Based Therapeutics in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review. Front Oncol 2021; 11:668464. [PMID: 34026646 PMCID: PMC8131824 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.668464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in females and despite advances in treatment, it represents the leading cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide. Conventional therapeutic modalities have significantly improved the management of BC patients, but subtype heterogeneity, drug resistance, and tumor relapse remain the major factors to hamper the effectiveness of therapy for BC. In this scenario, miRNA(miR)-based therapeutics offer a very attractive area of study. However, the use of miR-based therapeutics for BC treatment still represents an underdeveloped topic. Therefore, this systematic review aims at summarizing current knowledge on promising miR-based therapeutics for BC exploring original articles focusing on in vivo experiments. Methods The current systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed and EMBASE databases were comprehensively explored to perform the article search. Results Twenty-one eligible studies were included and analyzed: twelve focused on antitumor miR-based therapeutics and nine on metastatic miR-based therapeutics. We found 18 different miRs tested as potential therapeutic molecules in animal model experiments. About 90% of the selected studies evaluate the efficiency and the safety of miRs as therapeutic agents in triple-negative (TN)-BC mouse models. Among all founded miR-based therapeutics, miR-21 emerged to be the most investigated and proposed as a potential antitumoral molecule for TNBC treatment. Besides, miR-34a and miR-205a appeared to be successful antitumoral and antimetastatic molecules. Conclusions Our analysis provides a snapshot of the current scenario regarding the miRs as therapeutic molecules in BC. Nevertheless, despite many efforts, none of the selected studies goes beyond preclinical studies, and their translatability in the clinical practice seems quite premature.
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81
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Zhao H, Li J, Yan X, Bian X. LncRNA MAFG-AS1 Suppresses the Maturation of miR-34a to Promote Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:3493-3501. [PMID: 33911899 PMCID: PMC8075183 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s274615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE LncRNA MAFG-AS1 plays critical roles in several types of cancer, while its role in glioblastoma (GBM) is unknown. By analyzing the TCGA dataset, we observed the upregulation of MAFG-AS1 in GBM. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of MAFG-AS1 in GBM cancer. METHODS The expression levels of MAFG-AS1, mature miR-34a, and miR-34a precursor in GBM and paired non-tumor tissues of 56 GBM patients were determined by RT-qPCR. Correlations are analyzed using linear regression. Overexpression of MAFG-AS1 was achieved in GBM cells, followed by measurement of the expression levels of mature miR-34a, miR-34a precursor, DICER and Drosha by RT-qPCR. The roles of MAFG-AS1 and miR-34a in regulating GBM cell proliferation were evaluated by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry was performed to explore the role of MAFG-AS1 and miR-34a in regulating the apoptosis and cell cycle of GBM cells. Cell scratch experiment was performed to determine the role of MAFG-AS1 and miR-34a in regulating the migration of GBM cells. Subcutaneous tumor animal model was used for in vivo study. The expressions levels of BCL-2 and caspase-3 were detected by Western blot analysis. RESULTS MAFG-AS1 was upregulated in GBM, while mature miR-34a was downregulated in GBM. Interestingly, MAFG-AS1 was inversely correlated with mature miR-34a but not miR-34a precursor across GBM tissues. In GBM tissues, the overexpression of MAFG-AS1 did not affect the expression levels of miR-34a precursor but reduced the expression levels of mature miR-34a. MAFG-AS1 promoted the expression of DICER and Drosha in GBM cells. Moreover, the overexpression of MAFG-AS1 promoted the proliferation of GBM cells and reduced the inhibitory effects of miR-34a on cell proliferation but did not affect cell cycle, apoptosis and migration. The overexpression of MAFG-AS1 promoted the progression of GBM in vivo by promoting the proliferation of GBM cells while miR-34a reversed the effect of overexpression of MAFG-AS1. CONCLUSIONS MAFG-AS1 may suppress the maturation of miR-34a to promote GBM cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo City, Shandong Province, 255036, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo City, Shandong Province, 255036, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Ultrasound, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo City, Shandong Province, 255036, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinchao Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo City, Shandong Province, 255036, People’s Republic of China
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82
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MicroRNAs in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A State of the Art Review of the Regulatory Mechanisms and Future Perspectives. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040955. [PMID: 33924120 PMCID: PMC8074316 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare malignant neoplasia with a variable clinical course, with complete remission often difficult to achieve. Genetic alterations lead to fundamental changes not only in hereditary MTC but also in the sporadic form, with close correlations between mutational status and prognosis. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have become highly relevant as crucial players in MTC etiology. Current research has focused on their roles in disease carcinogenesis and development, but recent studies have expounded their potential as biomarkers and response predictors to novel biological drugs for advanced MTC. One such element which requires greater investigation is their mechanism of action and the molecular pathways involved in the regulation of gene expression. A more thorough understanding of these mechanisms will help realize the promising potential of miRNAs for MTC therapy and management.
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83
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Role of p53-miRNAs circuitry in immune surveillance and cancer development: A potential avenue for therapeutic intervention. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 124:15-25. [PMID: 33875349 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The genome's guardian, p53, is a master regulatory transcription factor that occupies sequence-specific response elements in many genes and modulates their expression. The target genes transcribe both coding RNA and non-coding RNA involved in regulating several biological processes such as cell division, differentiation, and cell death. Besides, p53 also regulates tumor immunology via regulating the molecules related to the immune response either directly or via regulating other molecules, including microRNAs (miRNAs). At the post-transcriptional level, the regulations of genes by miRNAs have been an emerging mechanism. Interestingly, p53 and various miRNAs cross-talk at different regulation levels. The cross-talk between p53 and miRNAs creates loops, turns, and networks that can influence cell metabolism, cell fate, cellular homeostasis, and tumor formation. Further, p53-miRNAs circuit has also been insinuated in the regulation of immune surveillance machinery. There are several examples of p53-miRNAs circuitry where p53 regulates immunomodulatory miRNA expression, such as miR-34a and miR-17-92. Similarly, a reverse process occurs in which miRNAs such as miR-125b and miR-let-7 regulate the expression of p53. Thus, the p53-miRNAs circuitry connects the immunomodulatory pathways and may shift the pro-inflammatory balance towards the pro-tumorigenic condition. In this review, we discuss the influence of p53-miRNAs circuitry in modulating the immune response in cancer development. We assume that thorough studies on the p53-miRNAs circuitry in various cancers may prove useful in developing effective new cancer therapeutics for successfully combating this disease.
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84
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Das P, Shah D, Bhandari V. miR34a: a novel small molecule regulator with a big role in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L228-L235. [PMID: 33825492 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00279.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), characterized by pulmonary inflammation leading to impaired alveolarization and vascular dysregulation, have an increased risk of abnormal lung function in infancy, childhood, and adulthood. These include a heightened risk of pulmonary hypertension, and respiratory illnesses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to disrupt normal lung development and function by interrupting alveolarization and vascularization resulting in the development of BPD. Among the various miRs involved in BPD, miR34a has been shown to have a significant role in BPD pathogenesis. Targeting miR34a or its downstream targets may be a promising therapeutic intervention for BPD. In this review, we summarize the data on cellular arrest, proliferation, differentiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis impacted by miR34a in the development of BPD pulmonary phenotypes while predicting the future perspective of miR34a in BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragnya Das
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Regional Hospital at Cooper/Cooper University Health Care, Camden, New Jersey
| | - Dilip Shah
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Regional Hospital at Cooper/Cooper University Health Care, Camden, New Jersey
| | - Vineet Bhandari
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Regional Hospital at Cooper/Cooper University Health Care, Camden, New Jersey
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85
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Läsche M, Urban H, Gallwas J, Gründker C. HPV and Other Microbiota; Who's Good and Who's Bad: Effects of the Microbial Environment on the Development of Cervical Cancer-A Non-Systematic Review. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030714. [PMID: 33807087 PMCID: PMC8005086 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is responsible for around 5% of all human cancers worldwide. It develops almost exclusively from an unsolved, persistent infection of the squamocolumnar transformation zone between the endo- and ecto-cervix with various high-risk (HR) human papillomaviruses (HPVs). The decisive turning point on the way to persistent HPV infection and malignant transformation is an immune system weakened by pathobionts and oxidative stress and an injury to the cervical mucosa, often caused by sexual activities. Through these injury and healing processes, HPV viruses, hijacking activated keratinocytes, move into the basal layers of the cervical epithelium and then continue their development towards the distal prickle cell layer (Stratum spinosum). The microbial microenvironment of the cervical tissue determines the tissue homeostasis and the integrity of the protective mucous layer through the maintenance of a healthy immune and metabolic signalling. Pathological microorganisms and the resulting dysbiosis disturb this signalling. Thus, pathological inflammatory reactions occur, which manifest the HPV infection. About 90% of all women contract an HPV infection in the course of their lives. In about 10% of cases, the virus persists and cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) develops. Approximately 1% of women with a high-risk HPV infection incur a cervical carcinoma after 10 to 20 years. In this non-systematic review article, we summarise how the sexually and microbial mediated pathogenesis of the cervix proceeds through aberrant immune and metabolism signalling via CIN to cervical carcinoma. We show how both the virus and the cancer benefit from the same changes in the immune and metabolic environment.
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86
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Chen Y, Hou C, Zhao LX, Cai QC, Zhang Y, Li DL, Tang Y, Liu HY, Liu YY, Zhang YY, Yang YK, Gao CW, Yao Q, Zhu QS, Cao CH. The Association of microRNA-34a With High Incidence and Metastasis of Lung Cancer in Gejiu and Xuanwei Yunnan. Front Oncol 2021; 11:619346. [PMID: 33796457 PMCID: PMC8008071 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.619346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and associated mortality of lung cancer in tin miners in Gejiu County and farmers in Xuanwei Country, Yunnan Province have been very high in the world. Current published literatures on the molecular mechanisms of lung cancer initiation and progression in Gejiu and Xuanwei County are still controversial. Studies confirmed that microRNA-34a (miR-34a) functioned as a vital tumor suppressor in tumorigenesis and progression. However, the role and precise mechanisms of miR-34a and its regulatory gene network in initiation and progression of lung cancer in Gejiu and Xuanwei County, Yunnan Province, have not been elucidated. In the current study, we first found that miR-34a was downregulated in Gejiu lung squamous carcinoma YTMLC-90, Xuanwei lung adenocarcinoma XWLC-05, and other non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines, and miR-34a overexpression inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as induced cell apoptosis in YTMLC-90 and XWLC-05 cells. Our findings revealed that miR-34a is critical and cannot be considered as the area-specific non-coding RNA in initiation and progression of lung cancer in Gejiu and Xuanwei County. Next we revealed that miR-34a overexpression suppressed lung cancer growth and metastasis partially via increasing PTEN but reducing CDK6 expression that might lead to subsequent inactivation of PI3K/AKT pathway. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated that YY1 functioned as a tumor suppressor gene in initiation and progression of lung cancer in Gejiu and Xuanwei County. In conclusion, our findings in the study confirmed that miR-34a overexpression could simultaneously suppress tumor growth and metastasis and play a vital role in tumorigenesis and progression of NSCLC via increasing PTEN and YY1 expression, but decreasing CDK6. Most interestingly, our findings also raised doubts about the current ideas about these area-specific diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Cancer Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chun Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Liu-Xin Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiu-Chen Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Da-Lun Li
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yao Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong-Yu Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yun-Yi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yue-Yan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ya-Kun Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Gao
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Qian Yao
- Yunnan Cancer Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qi-Shun Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of the University in Yunnan Province for International Cooperation in Intercellular Communications and Regulations, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Chuan-Hai Cao
- Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
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87
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Li WJ, Wang Y, Liu R, Kasinski AL, Shen H, Slack FJ, Tang DG. MicroRNA-34a: Potent Tumor Suppressor, Cancer Stem Cell Inhibitor, and Potential Anticancer Therapeutic. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:640587. [PMID: 33763422 PMCID: PMC7982597 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.640587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overwhelming evidence indicates that virtually all treatment-naive tumors contain a subpopulation of cancer cells that possess some stem cell traits and properties and are operationally defined as cancer cell stem cells (CSCs). CSCs manifest inherent heterogeneity in that they may exist in an epithelial and proliferative state or a mesenchymal non-proliferative and invasive state. Spontaneous tumor progression, therapeutic treatments, and (epi)genetic mutations may also induce plasticity in non-CSCs and reprogram them into stem-like cancer cells. Intrinsic cancer cell heterogeneity and induced cancer cell plasticity, constantly and dynamically, generate a pool of CSC subpopulations with varying levels of epigenomic stability and stemness. Despite the dynamic and transient nature of CSCs, they play fundamental roles in mediating therapy resistance and tumor relapse. It is now clear that the stemness of CSCs is coordinately regulated by genetic factors and epigenetic mechanisms. Here, in this perspective, we first provide a brief updated overview of CSCs. We then focus on microRNA-34a (miR-34a), a tumor-suppressive microRNA (miRNA) devoid in many CSCs and advanced tumors. Being a member of the miR-34 family, miR-34a was identified as a p53 target in 2007. It is a bona fide tumor suppressor, and its expression is dysregulated and downregulated in various human cancers. By targeting stemness factors such as NOTCH, MYC, BCL-2, and CD44, miR-34a epigenetically and negatively regulates the functional properties of CSCs. We shall briefly discuss potential reasons behind the failure of the first-in-class clinical trial of MRX34, a liposomal miR-34a mimic. Finally, we offer several clinical settings where miR-34a can potentially be deployed to therapeutically target CSCs and advanced, therapy-resistant, and p53-mutant tumors in order to overcome therapy resistance and curb tumor relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jess Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Experimental Therapeutics Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ruifang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Andrea L Kasinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Haifa Shen
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Frank J Slack
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dean G Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Experimental Therapeutics Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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88
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Chen P, Guo H, Liu Y, Chen B, Zhao S, Wu S, Li W, Wang L, Jia K, Wang H, Jiang M, Tang X, Qi H, Dai C, Ye J, He Y. Aberrant methylation modifications reflect specific drug responses in small cell lung cancer. Genomics 2021; 113:1114-1126. [PMID: 33705885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the study, Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, RNA sequencing, and whole-exome sequencing were employed to clinical small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Then, we verified the therapeutic predictive effects of differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in 62 SCLC cell lines. Of 4552 DMGs between chemo-sensitive and chemo-insensitive group, coding genes constituted the largest percentage (85.08%), followed by lncRNAs (10.52%) and miRNAs (3.56%). Both two groups demonstrated two methylation peaks near transcription start site and transcription end site. Two lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks suggested the extensive genome connection between chemotherapy efficacy-related non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and mRNAs. Combing miRNAs and lncRNAs could effectively predict chemotherapy response in SCLC. In addition, we also verified the predictive values of mutated genes in SCLC cell lines. This study was the first to evaluate multiple drugs efficacy-related ncRNAs and mRNAs which were modified by methylation in SCLC. DMGs identified in our research might serve as promising therapeutic targets to reverse drugs-insensitivity by complex lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA mechanisms in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Haoyue Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shengyu Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Keyi Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Minlin Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuzhen Tang
- Oncology and Immunology BU, Research Service Division, WuXi Apptec, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Qi
- Oncology and Immunology BU, Research Service Division, WuXi Apptec, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlei Dai
- Oncology and Immunology BU, Research Service Division, WuXi Apptec, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyan Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
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89
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Wu X, Cheng YSL, Matthen M, Yoon A, Schwartz GK, Bala S, Taylor AM, Momen-Heravi F. Down-regulation of the tumor suppressor miR-34a contributes to head and neck cancer by up-regulating the MET oncogene and modulating tumor immune evasion. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:70. [PMID: 33596979 PMCID: PMC7890893 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01865-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRs) have been shown to play an important role in tumorigenesis, including in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The miR-34 family is thought to play a role in tumor suppression, but the exact mechanism of their action in HNSCC is not well understood. Moreover, the impact of chromosomal changes and mutation status on miR-34a expression remains unknown. METHODS Differential expression of miR-34a, MET, and genomic alterations were assessed in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets as well as in primary HNSCC and adjacent normal tissue. The biological functions of miR-34a in HNSCC were investigated in samples derived from primary human tumors and HNSCC cell lines. The expression of MET was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, and the molecular interaction of miR-34a and MET were demonstrated by RNA pulldown, RNA immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter assay, and rescue experiments. Lastly, locked nucleic acid (LNA) miRs in mouse xenograft models were used to evaluate the clinical relevance of miR-34a in HNSCC tumor growth and modulation of the tumor microenvironment in vivo. RESULTS Chromosome arm 1p loss and P53 mutations are both associated with lower levels of miR-34a. In HNSCC, miR-34a acts as a tumor suppressor and physically interacts with and functionally targets the proto-oncogene MET. Our studies found that miR-34a suppresses HNSCC carcinogenesis, at least in part, by downregulating MET, consequently inhibiting HNSCC proliferation. Consistent with these findings, administration of LNA-miR-34a in an in vivo model of HNSCC leads to diminished HNSCC cell proliferation and tumor burden in vitro and in vivo, represses expression of genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and negates the oncogenic effect of MET in mouse tumors. Consistently, LNA-miR-34a induced a decreased number of immunosuppressive PDL1-expressing tumor-associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. In HNSCC patient samples, higher levels of miR-34a are significantly associated with a higher frequency of Th1 cells and CD8 naïve T cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that miR-34a directly targets MET and maintains anti-tumor immune activity. We propose miR-34a as a potential new therapeutic approach for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Wu
- Cancer Biology and Immunology Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yi-Shing Lisa Cheng
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mathew Matthen
- Department of Medicine Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angela Yoon
- Division of Pathology, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gary K Schwartz
- Department of Medicine Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shashi Bala
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Alison M Taylor
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Fatemeh Momen-Heravi
- Cancer Biology and Immunology Laboratory, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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90
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Mansoori B, Silvestris N, Mohammadi A, Khaze V, Baghbani E, Mokhtarzadeh A, Shanehbandi D, Derakhshani A, Duijf PHG, Baradaran B. miR-34a and miR-200c Have an Additive Tumor-Suppressive Effect on Breast Cancer Cells and Patient Prognosis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:267. [PMID: 33673143 PMCID: PMC7918749 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common women's malignancy in the world and, for subgroups of patients, treatment outcomes remain poor. Thus, more effective therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising therapeutic tools and targets, as they play significant roles in regulating key cellular processes by suppressing gene expression. However, additive opportunities involving miRNAs have been underexplored. For example, both miR-34a and miR-200c individually suppress the development of different types of cancer, but the cellular effects of their combined actions remain unknown. Here, we show that miR-34a and miR-200c levels are reduced in breast tumors compared to adjacent normal tissues and that this additively predicts poor patient survival. In addition, in cell lines, miR-34a and miR-200c additively induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, while also inhibiting proliferation, invasion, migration, stemness and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, both miRNA-34a and miR-200c directly target HIF1-α and subsequently downregulate VEGFR, MMP9 and CXCR4, although combined miRNA-34a and miR-200c delivery suppresses mouse xenograft tumor development as effectively as individual delivery. We establish a model, supported by in vitro and clinical data, which collectively suggest that the co-delivery of miR-34a and miR-200c represents a promising novel therapeutic strategy for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000C Odense, Denmark;
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit-IRCCS IstitutoTumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, DIMO-University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000C Odense, Denmark;
| | - Vahid Khaze
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Elham Baghbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Pascal H. G. Duijf
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran
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91
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Pei LJ, Sun PJ, Ma K, Guo YY, Wang LY, Liu FD. LncRNA-SNHG7 interferes with miR-34a to de-sensitize gastric cancer cells to cisplatin. Cancer Biomark 2021; 30:127-137. [PMID: 33074217 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-201621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains poor prognosis and survival issues due to the resistance of chemotherapies, such as cisplatin. The long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 7 (lncRNA-SNHG7) is known as an oncogenic molecule in diverse cancers. Here, we demonstrate that SNHG7 was significantly upregulated in gastric cancer and positively correlated with cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer cells that SNHG7 was significantly upregulated in cisplatin resistant cells. Silencing SNHG7 dramatically sensitized cisplatin resistant cells. In contrast, a negative correlation between lncRNA-SNHG7 and miR-34a was found that miR-34a was downregulated in gastric cancer patient tissues and significantly sensitized cisplatin resistant gastric cancer cells. Intriguingly, bioinformatical analysis indicated miR-34a has putative biding site for SNHG7 and such negative association between SNHG7 and miR-34a was verified in gastric cancer tissues. The cisplatin resistant cells displayed increased glycolysis rate and SNHG7 promoted cellular glycolysis rate of gastric cancer cells. Luciferase assay illustrated LDHA, a glycolysis enzyme, was the direct target of miR-34a. Importantly, inhibiting SNHG7 successfully suppressed LDHA expressions and sensitized cisplatin resistant cells and such inhibitory effects could be recovered by further anti-miR-34a. These findings suggest an important regulator mechanism for the SNHG7-mediated cisplatin resistance via miR-34a/LDHA-glycolysis axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Pei
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Jun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Fourth Medical Center of General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Yan Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Yan Wang
- Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei-De Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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92
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Chakraborty C, Sharma AR, Sharma G, Lee SS. Therapeutic advances of miRNAs: A preclinical and clinical update. J Adv Res 2021; 28:127-138. [PMID: 33364050 PMCID: PMC7753224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs, a class of small endogenous RNAs, are one of the essential biopharmaceuticals which are in commercial spans as next-generation medicine in recent times. A snapshot of the current scenario regarding the miRNAs as biopharmaceuticals have been discussed. In this work, biopharmaceutical companies working with miRNAs and the current status of preclinical/clinical trials about miRNA therapeutics have been reviewed. Finally, recent updates on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), as well as a delivery system of miRNAs, have been illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjib Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Barasat-Barrackpore Rd, Kolkata, West Bengal 700126, India
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashish Ranjan Sharma
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Garima Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Soo Lee
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do 24252, Republic of Korea
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93
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Li W, Jin S, Hao J, Shi Y, Li W, Jiang L. Metformin attenuates ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptosis of cardiac cells by downregulation of p53/microRNA-34a via activation of SIRT1. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:875-884. [PMID: 33517853 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metformin has been demonstrated to be beneficial for the treatment of an impaired myocardium as a result of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and miR-34a may be involved in this process. The aim of the present study was to determine the mechanisms by which metformin attenuated myocardial I/R injury-induced apoptosis. In the in vivo I/R model using Sprague-Dawley rats, metformin reduced the area of damaged myocardium and serum creatine MB isoform (CKMB) activity resulting in protection of the myocardium. Metformin also reduced apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis associated proteins, including caspase 3 and cleaved caspase, and decreased the expression of miR-34a, which is upregulated during I/R injury, which in turn resulted in corresponding changes in expression of Bcl-2, a direct target of miR-34a both in vitro and in vivo. To further examine the role of miR-34a in this process, H9C2 cells were transfected by a miR-34a mimic and inhibitor. Overexpression of miR-34a increased apoptosis in H9C2 cells induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/recovery and knockdown of miR-34a expression-reduced apoptosis under the same conditions. Therefore, the effect of metformin on miR-34a in vitro were assessed. Metformin decreased the deacetylation activity of silent information regulator 1 resulting in reduced Ac-p53 levels, which reduced the levels of pri-miR-34a, and thus in turn reduced miR-34a levels. To confirm these results clinically, 90 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction following percutaneous coronary intervention were recruited. Patients who took metformin regularly before infarction had lower miR-34a levels and lower serum CKMB activity. Metformin also improved the sum ST-segment recovery following I/R injury. In conclusion, metformin may be helpful in the treatment of myocardial I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- The Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Sheng Jin
- The Department of Physiology, The Hebei Medical University, No. 361 of East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, China
| | - Jie Hao
- The Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Yun Shi
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Hebei Medical University, No. 361 of East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Anyang Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, No.01 Ziyou Road, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Lingling Jiang
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Hebei Medical University, No. 361 of East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, China
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94
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Abstract
The protein-coding regions of mRNAs have the information to make proteins and hence have been at the center of attention for understanding altered protein functions in disease states, including cancer. Indeed, the discovery of genomic alterations and driver mutations that change protein levels and/or activity has been pivotal in our understanding of cancer biology. However, to better understand complex molecular mechanisms that are deregulated in cancers, we also need to look at non-coding parts of mRNAs, including 3'UTRs (untranslated regions), which control mRNA stability, localization, and translation efficiency. Recently, these rather overlooked regions of mRNAs are gaining attention as mounting evidence provides functional links between 3'UTRs, protein functions, and cancer-related molecular mechanisms. Here, roles of 3'UTRs in cancer biology and mechanisms that result in cancer-specific 3'-end isoform variants will be reviewed. An increased appreciation of 3'UTRs may help the discovery of new ways to explain as of yet unknown oncogene activation and tumor suppressor inactivation cases in cancers, and provide new avenues for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Elif Erson-Bensan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, Middle East Technical University (METU, ODTU), Dumlupinar Blv No: 1, Universiteler Mah, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
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95
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Tülay Aydın P, Göz M, Kankılıç N, Aydın MS, Koyuncu İ. Micro-RNA gene expressions during cardiopulmonary bypass. J Card Surg 2021; 36:921-927. [PMID: 33484193 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.15329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP) is the most widely used method in cardiac surgery. During the CPB procedure, studies are conducted to maintain myocardial perfusion adequacy, reduce oxidative stress caused by immune reactions, and understand the longevity of the procedure. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have come to the fore to understand the changes in the CPB. In vivo studies have shown that many different miRNAs regulate critical signaling molecules including cytokines, growth factors, transcription factors, proapoptotic, and antiapoptotic proteins. Our study aims to investigate the changes of miR-34a, miR-15a, and miR-320a gene expression in extracorporeal circulation. METHODS Fifteen patients who underwent elective open-heart surgery were included in the study. Serum plasma samples were taken from the patients preoperatively, at the time of CPB, and at 24 h postoperatively. Gene expression of miR-34a, miR-15a, and miR-320a in plasma samples was studied. Differences in gene expression were compared. RESULTS miR-15a gene expression increased during CPB compared with preoperative levels (p < .001). This increase was decreased after the operation (p < .05). miR-34a gene expression increased significantly during CPB (p < .01). Similar to the other two gene expressions, miR-320a gene expression was significantly increased during CPB (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS miRNAs may play a key role in the initiation and maintenance of pathophysiological cascades during CPB. Our study showed the gene expression of miR-34a, miR-15a, and miR-320a in the CPB process. Our study will be a pioneer among future studies to investigate the molecular pathophysiology of the CPB process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mustafa Göz
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical School of Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Nazım Kankılıç
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical School of Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Salih Aydın
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical School of Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - İsmail Koyuncu
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School of Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
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96
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Dang MN, Gomez Casas C, Day ES. Photoresponsive miR-34a/Nanoshell Conjugates Enable Light-Triggered Gene Regulation to Impair the Function of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:68-76. [PMID: 33306406 PMCID: PMC7855941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease that requires new interventions. A promising approach to improve patient prognosis is to introduce tumor suppressive miR-34a into TNBC cells. Unfortunately, naked miR-34a is not effective therapeutically because it is degraded by nucleases and cannot passively enter cells. Nanocarriers designed to increase miR-34a stability and cellular entry have lacked specificity and potency. To overcome these limitations, we conjugated miR-34a to photoresponsive gold nanoshells (NS), which can release tethered miR-34a upon excitation with continuous wave (CW) or nanosecond (ns) pulsed near-infrared light to facilitate on-demand gene regulation. We demonstrate that miR-34a/NS can regulate downstream miR-34a targets following irradiation to reduce TNBC cell viability, proliferation, and migration. Further, we show ns pulsed light releases miRNA more effectively than CW light, and that released miR-34a is as potent as transfected miR-34a. These findings signify miR-34a/NS as promising tools for precisely controlled gene regulation of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan N Dang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Carolina Gomez Casas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Emily S Day
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, Delaware 19713, United States
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97
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Xie ZY, Wang FF, Xiao ZH, Liu SF, Tang SL, Lai YL. Overexpressing microRNA-34a overcomes ABCG2-mediated drug resistance to 5-FU in side population cells from colon cancer via suppressing DLL1. J Biochem 2021; 167:557-564. [PMID: 32044957 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer side population (SP) cells are a small subset of cancer cells that have cancer stemness capacity and enhanced drug resistance. ABCG2 is a multidrug resistance-related protein in SP cells and has been demonstrated to be regulated by Notch signalling pathway. Recently, microRNAs are reported to play a critical role in SP cell fate. However, their role in ABCG2-mediated drug resistance in colon cancer SP cells remains unclear. In the current study, the different expressions of miR-552, miR-611, miR-34a and miR-5000-3p were compared within SP and non-SP cells, which were separated from human colon cancer cell lines (SW480 and LoVo). We found that miR-34a was significantly down-regulated in SP cells and that overexpressing miR-34a overcame drug resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-34a negatively regulated DLL1, a ligand of Notch signalling pathway, via binding with 3'-untranslated region of its messenger RNA. In addition, overexpressing miR-34a overcame ABCG2-mediated resistance to 5-FU via DLL1/Notch pathway in vitro, and suppressed tumour growth under 5-FU treatment in vivo. In conclusion, our findings suggest that miR-34a acts as a tumour suppressor via enhancing chemosensitivity to 5-FU in SP cells, which provides a novel therapeutic target in chemotherapy-resistant colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yuan Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Fen-Fen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Si-Fu Liu
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Sheng-Lan Tang
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Yue-Liang Lai
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
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98
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Javed Z, Javed Iqbal M, Rasheed A, Sadia H, Raza S, Irshad A, Koch W, Kukula-Koch W, Głowniak-Lipa A, Cho WC, Sharifi-Rad J. Regulation of Hedgehog Signaling by miRNAs and Nanoformulations: A Possible Therapeutic Solution for Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 10:607607. [PMID: 33489917 PMCID: PMC7817854 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.607607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling aberrations trigger differentiation and proliferation in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the current approaches which inhibit this vital cellular pathway provoke some side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to look for new therapeutic options. MicroRNAs are small molecules that modulate expression of the target genes and can be utilized as a potential therapeutic option for CRC. On the other hand, nanoformulations have been implemented in the treatment of plethora of diseases. Owing to their excessive bioavailability, limited cytotoxicity and high specificity, nanoparticles may be considered as an alternative drug delivery platform for the Hh signaling mediated CRC. This article reviews the Hh signaling and its involvement in CRC with focus on miRNAs, nanoformulations as potential diagnostic/prognostic and therapeutics for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Javed Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Amna Rasheed
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asma Irshad
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Chair and Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Anna Głowniak-Lipa
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
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99
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Qu LH, Hong X, Zhang Y, Cong X, Xiang RL, Mei M, Su JZ, Wu LL, Yu GY. C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-6 attenuates TNF-α-induced apoptosis in salivary acinar cells via AMPK/SIRT1-modulated miR-34a-5p expression. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:5785-5800. [PMID: 33400820 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-6 (CTRP6) is a newly identified adipokine involved in diverse biological processes. However, its role in salivary glands remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that CTRP6 was mainly distributed in the nuclei, apicolateral membranes, and cytoplasm of human submandibular glands (SMGs), serous cells of parotid glands, and ducts and apicolateral membranes of serous cells in rats and mice. CTRP6 inhibited the apoptosis rate and reversed the increased levels of cleaved caspase 3, caspase 8, caspase 9, and cytochrome C and the decreased Bcl-2 expression induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in both SMG-C6 cells and cultured human SMG tissues. Microarray analysis identified 43 differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in the SMGs of nonobese diabetic mice. miR-34a-5p was selected due to its upregulation by TNF-α, which was abolished by CTRP6. The miR-34a-5p inhibitor promoted whereas the miR-34a-5p mimic suppressed the effects of CTRP6 on TNF-α-induced apoptosis. CTRP6 increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and reversed TNF-α-induced SIRT1 downregulation in salivary cells. AraA, an AMPK inhibitor, reversed the effects of CTRP6 on TNF-α-induced alterations in the levels of SIRT1, miR-34a-5p, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase 3 in vitro and ex vivo, whereas activating AMPK by AICAR reversed the decrease in SIRT1 expression and increase in miR-34a-5p expression induced by TNF-α. Inhibition of SIRT1 by EX527 suppressed the effects of CTRP6 on TNF-α-induced changes in miR-34a-5p and apoptosis-related proteins. Our findings indicate that salivary glands are novel sites for CTRP6 synthesis and secretion. CTRP6 protects acinar cells against TNF-α-induced apoptosis via AMPK/SIRT1-modulated miR-34a-5p expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Han Qu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Hong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Cong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Xiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Mei
- First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Zeng Su
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ling Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Yan Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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100
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Dehghan R, Najafi R, Azizi Jalilian F, Saidijam M, Radaei Z, Zamani A, Ezati R, Asna-Ashari F, Amini R. A promising effect of zerumbone with improved anti-tumor-promoting inflammation activity of miR-34a in colorectal cancer cell lines. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:203-218. [PMID: 33398678 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cross-talk among inflammation and colorectal cancer cells is chiefly reported through a complex of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. MicroRNA performs strategic roles in controlling a variety of signaling cascades. miR-34a is known as a master regulator of tumor suppression. Combined application of different miRNA-based agents and chemotherapeutic drugs has been used to augment drug sensitivity and may reinforce the antitumor effect. A lot of studies specify a substantial increase in the effectiveness of combination therapies. The anti-inflammatory activity of Zerumbone (ZER) was investigated in many cancers. In this study the level of the inflammatory cytokines including CXCL-12 (SDF-1), CCL-2 (MCP-1), TGF-β and IL-33 has been measured in pmiR-34a-5p transfected and pmiR-34a-5p +ZER treated CRC cell lines (HCT-116 and SW48) by QRT-PCR and ELISA methods, respectively. The results showed that miR-34a could significantly inhibit cytokine expression in both cell lines for 48 and 72 h except SDF-1 which no inhibition was observed in SW48 cells. ZER suppressed SDF-1 for all three time points in both cell lines, while in SW48 cells IL-33 and TGF-β were inhibited in 72 h and in HCT-116 cells MCP-1 diminished for only 24 h and TGF-β diminished for all three times. Combination of both miR-34a and ZER suppressed TGF-β, SDF-1 and MCP-1 in HCT-116 cells in all time points while in SW48 cells, suppression of most cytokines was observed in 48 and 72 h. Furthermore Colony formation assay and scratch test were employed to detect changes of proliferation and migration in CRC transfected and treated cells. Generally, we found that miR-34a could considerably decrease the expression of inflammatory cytokines and the combination of ZER+ miR-34 boosted this effect. Moreover the migration and proliferation decreased in treated and transfected cells and this reduction was more severe in miR-34a +ZER treatment. It is important to note that in the case of cell resistance to each of these therapeutic agents, inhibition of cytokines can be compensated by another one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Dehghan
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Farid Azizi Jalilian
- Virology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Radaei
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Zamani
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Razieh Ezati
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Asna-Ashari
- Department of Community Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. .,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Opposite the People's Park, Pajoohesh Junction, Hamadan, Iran.
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