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Du M, Zhang Y, Mao Y, Mou J, Zhao J, Xue Q, Wang D, Huang J, Gao S, Gao Y. MiR-33a suppresses proliferation of NSCLC cells via targeting METTL3 mRNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 482:582-589. [PMID: 27856248 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) was incipiently known as a methyltransferase which was responsible for N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation. METTL3 can promote the expression of several crucial oncoproteins and its high expression enhanced proliferation, survival, and invasion of human lung cancer cells. However, how METTL3 was regulated is seldom understood in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). In the present study, miR-33a was suspicious to target to the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of METTL3 mRNA via in silico prediction. Besides, the expressions of METTL3 were higher in NSCLC tissues than those in adjacent tissues, and METTL3 expressions were positively related to the expressions of miR-33a in NSCLC tissues which confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). MiR-33a can directly target to the 3'UTR of METTL3 mRNA which examined by luciferase reporter gene assay. Moreover, we found that miR-33a can reduce the expression of METTL3 at both mRNA and protein levels using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Functionally, miR-33a can reduce the proliferation of A549 and NCI-H460 cells. Conversely, inhibition of miR-33a by anti-miR-33a can rescue that using 4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. Similarly, miR-33a can reduce cellular anchorage-independent growth of A549 cells. Additionally, the negative influences of miR-33a on the downstream genes of METTL3 were examined by Western blot analysis. Thus, we concluded that miR-33a can attenuate NSCLC cells proliferation via targeting to the 3'UTR of METTL3 mRNA. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanism of METTL3 regulation by micro RNA, and supports METTL3 as a therapeutic target in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Du
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yanjiao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yousheng Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Juwei Mou
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Dali Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jinfeng Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yushun Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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52
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Duan Z, Gao Y, Shen J, Choy E, Cote G, Harmon D, Bernstein K, Lozano-Calderon S, Mankin H, Hornicek FJ. miR-15b modulates multidrug resistance in human osteosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. Mol Oncol 2016; 11:151-166. [PMID: 28145098 PMCID: PMC5300234 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs continues to be a major clinical problem. MicroRNAs (miRNA, miR) play an important role in regulating tumour cell growth and survival; however, the role of miRs in the development of drug resistance in osteosarcoma cells is largely uncharacterized. We sought to identify and characterize human miRs that act as key regulators of MDR in osteosarcoma. We utilized a miR microarray to screen for differentially expressed miRs in osteosarcoma MDR cell lines. We determined the mechanisms of the deregulation of expression of miR-15b in osteosarcoma MDR cell lines, and its association with clinically obtained tumour samples was examined in tissue microarray (TMA). The significance of miR-15b in reversing drug resistance was evaluated in a mouse xenograft model of MDR osteosarcoma. We identified miR-15b as being significantly (P < 0.01) downregulated in KHOSMR and U-2OSMR cell lines as compared with their parental cell lines. We found that Wee1 is a target gene of miR-15b and observed that transfection with miR-15b inhibits Wee1 expression and partially reverses MDR in osteosarcoma cell lines. Systemic in vivo administration of miR-15b mimics sensitizes resistant cells to doxorubicin and induces cell death in MDR models of osteosarcoma. Clinically, reduced miR-15b expression was associated with poor patient survival. Osteosarcoma patients with low miR-15b expression levels had significantly shorter survival times than patients with high expression levels of miR-15b. These results collectively indicate that MDR in osteosarcoma is associated with downregulation of miR-15b, and miR-15b reconstitution can reverse chemotherapy resistance in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Duan
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yan Gao
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacson Shen
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edwin Choy
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory Cote
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Harmon
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen Bernstein
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Santiago Lozano-Calderon
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Henry Mankin
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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53
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da Silva Oliveira KC, Thomaz Araújo TM, Albuquerque CI, Barata GA, Gigek CO, Leal MF, Wisnieski F, Rodrigues Mello Junior FA, Khayat AS, de Assumpção PP, Rodriguez Burbano RM, Smith MC, Calcagno DQ. Role of miRNAs and their potential to be useful as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:7951-7962. [PMID: 27672290 PMCID: PMC5028809 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i35.7951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in epigenetic control of gene expression play an important role in many diseases, including gastric cancer. Many studies have identified a large number of upregulated oncogenic miRNAs and downregulated tumour-suppressor miRNAs in this type of cancer. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of miRNAs, pointing to their potential to be useful as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers in gastric cancer. Moreover, we discuss the influence of polymorphisms and epigenetic modifications on miRNA activity.
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54
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Salzano G, Costa DF, Sarisozen C, Luther E, Mattheolabakis G, Dhargalkar PP, Torchilin VP. Mixed Nanosized Polymeric Micelles as Promoter of Doxorubicin and miRNA-34a Co-Delivery Triggered by Dual Stimuli in Tumor Tissue. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:4837-4848. [PMID: 27432595 PMCID: PMC5157154 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Dual stimuli-sensitive mixed polymeric micelles (MM) are developed for co-delivery of the endogenous tumor suppressor miRNA-34a and the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (Dox) into cancer cells. The novelty of the system resides in two stimuli-sensitive prodrugs, a matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2)-sensitive Dox conjugate and a reducing agent (glutathione, GSH)-sensitive miRNA-34a conjugate, self-assembled in a single particle decorated with a polyethylene glycol corona for longevity, and a cell-penetrating peptide (TATp) for enhanced intracellular delivery. The MMP2-sensitivity of the system results in threefold higher cytotoxicity in MMP2-overexpressing HT1080 cells compared to low MMP2-expressing MCF7 cells. Cellular internalization of Dox increases by more than 70% after inclusion of TATp to the formulation. MMP2-sensitive MM also inhibits proliferation and migration of HT1080 cells. Moreover, GSH-sensitive MM allows for an efficient downregulation of Bcl2, survivin, and notch1 (65%, 55%, and 46%, respectively) in HT1080 cells. Combination of both conjugates in dual sensitive MM reduces HT1080 cell viability to 40% and expression of Bcl2 and survivin. Finally, 50% cell death is observed in 3D models of tumor mass. The results confirm the potential of the MM to codeliver miRNA-34a and doxorubicin triggered by dual stimuli inherent of tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Salzano
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Daniel F Costa
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF, 70040-020, Brazil
| | - Can Sarisozen
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ed Luther
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - George Mattheolabakis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Pooja P Dhargalkar
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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55
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Gaur S, Wen Y, Song JH, Parikh NU, Mangala LS, Blessing AM, Ivan C, Wu SY, Varkaris A, Shi Y, Lopez-Berestein G, Frigo DE, Sood AK, Gallick GE. Chitosan nanoparticle-mediated delivery of miRNA-34a decreases prostate tumor growth in the bone and its expression induces non-canonical autophagy. Oncotarget 2016; 6:29161-77. [PMID: 26313360 PMCID: PMC4745718 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While several new therapies are FDA-approved for bone-metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), patient survival has only improved marginally. Here, we report that chitosan nanoparticle-mediated delivery of miR-34a, a tumor suppressive microRNA that downregulates multiple gene products involved in PCa progression and metastasis, inhibited prostate tumor growth and preserved bone integrity in a xenograft model representative of established PCa bone metastasis. Expression of miR-34a induced apoptosis in PCa cells, and, in accord with downregulation of targets associated with PCa growth, including MET and Axl and c-Myc, also induced a form of non-canonical autophagy that is independent of Beclin-1, ATG4, ATG5 and ATG7. MiR-34a-induced autophagy is anti-proliferative in prostate cancer cells, as blocking apoptosis still resulted in growth inhibition of tumor cells. Thus, combined effects of autophagy and apoptosis are responsible for miR-34a-mediated prostate tumor growth inhibition, and have translational impact, as this non-canonical form of autophagy is tumor inhibitory. Together, these results provide a new understanding of the biological effects of miR-34a and highlight the clinical potential for miR-34a delivery as a treatment for bone metastatic prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchaika Gaur
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Program in Cancer Biology and Cancer Metastasis, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yunfei Wen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jian H Song
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nila U Parikh
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lingegowda S Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alicia M Blessing
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sherry Y Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andreas Varkaris
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yan Shi
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel E Frigo
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, TX, USA.,Genomic Medicine Program, The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Program in Cancer Biology and Cancer Metastasis, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gary E Gallick
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Program in Cancer Biology and Cancer Metastasis, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, TX, USA
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56
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Jung J, Yeom C, Choi YS, Kim S, Lee E, Park MJ, Kang SW, Kim SB, Chang S. Simultaneous inhibition of multiple oncogenic miRNAs by a multi-potent microRNA sponge. Oncotarget 2016; 6:20370-87. [PMID: 26284487 PMCID: PMC4653011 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The roles of oncogenic miRNAs are widely recognized in many cancers. Inhibition of single miRNA using antagomiR can efficiently knock-down a specific miRNA. However, the effect is transient and often results in subtle phenotype, as there are other miRNAs contribute to tumorigenesis. Here we report a multi-potent miRNA sponge inhibiting multiple miRNAs simultaneously. As a model system, we targeted miR-21, miR-155 and miR-221/222, known as oncogenic miRNAs in multiple tumors including breast and pancreatic cancers. To achieve efficient knockdown, we generated perfect and bulged-matched miRNA binding sites (MBS) and introduced multiple copies of MBS, ranging from one to five, in the multi-potent miRNA sponge. Luciferase reporter assay showed the multi-potent miRNA sponge efficiently inhibited 4 miRNAs in breast and pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, a stable and inducible version of the multi-potent miRNA sponge cell line showed the miRNA sponge efficiently reduces the level of 4 target miRNAs and increase target protein level of these oncogenic miRNAs. Finally, we showed the miRNA sponge sensitize cells to cancer drug and attenuate cell migratory activity. Altogether, our study demonstrates the multi-potent miRNA sponge is a useful tool to examine the functional impact of simultaneous inhibition of multiple miRNAs and proposes a therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyun Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan School of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | | | | | - Sinae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan School of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - EunJi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan School of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Min Ji Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan School of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Sang Wook Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan School of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Sung Bae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan School of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea.,Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Suhwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan School of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea.,Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Korea
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57
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Yao C, Liu J, Wu X, Tai Z, Gao Y, Zhu Q, Li J, Zhang L, Hu C, Gu F, Gao J, Gao S. Reducible self-assembling cationic polypeptide-based micelles mediate co-delivery of doxorubicin and microRNA-34a for androgen-independent prostate cancer therapy. J Control Release 2016; 232:203-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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58
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Zhang Y, Buhrman JS, Liu Y, Rayahin JE, Gemeinhart RA. Reducible Micelleplexes are Stable Systems for Anti-miRNA Delivery in Cerebrospinal Fluid. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:1791-9. [PMID: 27177352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and other central nervous system (CNS) cancers have poor long-term prognosis, and there is a significant need for improved treatments. GBM initiation and progression are mediated, in part, by microRNA (miRNA), which are endogenous posttranscriptional gene regulators. Misregulation of miRNAs is a potential target for therapeutic intervention in GBM. In this work, a micelle-like nanoparticle delivery system based upon the block copolymer poly(ethylene glycol-b-lactide-b-arginine) was designed with and without a reducible linkage between the lactide and RNA-binding peptide, R15, to assess the ability of the micelle-like particles to disassemble. Using confocal live cell imaging, intracellular dissociation was pronounced for the reducible micelleplexes. This dissociation was also supported by higher efficiency in a dual luciferase assay specific for the miRNA of interest, miR-21. Notably, micelleplexes were found to have significantly better stability and higher anti-miRNA activity in cerebrospinal fluid than in human plasma, suggesting an advantage for applying micelleplexes to CNS diseases and in vivo CNS therapeutics. The reducible delivery system was determined to be a promising delivery platform for the treatment of CNS diseases with miRNA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Richard A Gemeinhart
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois , Chicago, Illinois 60607-7052, United States
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59
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Zhang W, Shu L. Upregulation of miR-21 by Ghrelin Ameliorates Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Inhibiting Inflammation and Cell Apoptosis. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:417-25. [PMID: 27152763 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can be caused by cardiac surgery, renal vascular obstruction, and kidney transplantation, mainly leading to acute kidney injury (AKI), which is complicated by lack of effective preventative and therapeutic strategies. Ghrelin has recently been reported to possess anti-inflammatory properties in several types of cells; however, little attention has been given to the role of ghrelin in I/R-induced AKI. The aim of this study is to explore the role of ghrelin in I/R-induced AKI. In this study, an I/R-induced rat AKI model and a hypoxia-induced NRK-52E cell I/R model were successfully constructed. Ghrelin expression was increased significantly in these rat and cell models. After enhancing ghrelin level by injecting exogenous ghrelin into rats or transfecting a ghrelin-pcDNA3.1 vector into renal tubular epithelial cells, we observed that I/R-induced AKI can be ameliorated by ghrelin, as shown by alterations in histology, as well as changes in serum creatinine (SCr) level, cell apoptosis, and the levels of inflammatory factors. Based on the importance of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in renal disease and the modulation effect of ghrelin on miR-21 in gastric epithelial cells, we tested whether miR-21 participates in the protective effect of ghrelin on I/R-induced AKI. Ghrelin could upregulate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by increasing the miR-21 level, which led to the protective effect of ghrelin on I/R-induced AKI by inhibiting the inflammatory response and renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis. Our research identifies that ghrelin can ameliorate I/R-induced AKI by upregulating miR-21, which advances the understanding of mechanisms by which ghrelin ameliorates I/R-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanzhe Zhang
- 1 Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liliang Shu
- 2 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China
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60
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Role of apoptosis-related miRNAs in resveratrol-induced breast cancer cell death. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2104. [PMID: 26890143 PMCID: PMC5399194 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women, and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Recent evidences indicate that dietary agents such as resveratrol may inhibit cancer progression through modulation of microRNAs (miRNAs). We demonstrate that resveratrol regulates apoptotic and cell cycle machinery in breast cancer cells by modulating key tumor-suppressive miRNAs including miR-125b-5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-409-3p, miR-122-5p and miR-542-3p. Resveratrol-mediated miRNA modulation regulates key anti-apoptotic and cell cycle proteins including Bcl-2, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein and CDKs, which are critical for its activity. Modulating miRNAs with mimics or inhibitors further validated a key role for miR-542-3p in MCF-7 and miR-122-5p in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell death in response to resveratrol. In conclusion, this study reveals novel miRNAs modulated by resveratrol that have a key role in breast cancer cell death.
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61
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SHI QIANQIAN, XU XIANLIN, LIU QING, LUO FENGBAO, SHI JIAN, HE XIAOZHOU. MicroRNA-877 acts as a tumor suppressor by directly targeting eEF2K in renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:1474-1480. [PMID: 26893763 PMCID: PMC4734253 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.4072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in tumorigenesis. However, little is known about their role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In the present study, the function of the miRNA miR-877 in RCC was investigated, and its expression levels in blood and paired RCC tissues were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Bioinformatics analysis predicted eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K) to be the potential mRNA target of miR-877, which was verified by luciferase assay. The expression levels of eEF2K in RCC tissues were evaluated by western blot analysis and qPCR. The proliferation and migration abilities of RCC cells were measured by MTT and in vitro wound healing assays, respectively. The present results indicated that the expression levels of miR-877 were downregulated in blood and paired RCC tissues, whereas the expression levels of eEF2K were upregulated in RCC tissues. In addition, overexpression of miR-877 and knockdown of eEF2K significantly reduced the proliferation and migration abilities of RCC cells in vitro. Furthermore, miR-877 affected the eEF2K/eEF2 signaling pathway in these cells. In conclusion, the present study has demonstrated that miR-877 suppresses the proliferation and migration abilities of RCC cells by modulating the eEF2K/eEF2 signaling cascade. Therefore, miR-877 may be considered a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- QIANQIAN SHI
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - XIANLIN XU
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - QING LIU
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - FENGBAO LUO
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - JIAN SHI
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - XIAOZHOU HE
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
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62
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Liu R, Zhang H, Wang X, Zhou L, Li H, Deng T, Qu Y, Duan J, Bai M, Ge S, Ning T, Zhang L, Huang D, Ba Y. The miR-24-Bim pathway promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis in pancreatic carcinoma. Oncotarget 2015; 6:43831-42. [PMID: 26517093 PMCID: PMC4791270 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are a group of small RNAs that have been reported to play a key role at each stage of tumorigenesis and are believed to have future practical value. We now demonstrate that Bim, which stimulates cell apoptosis, is obviously down-regulated in pancreatic cancer (PaC) tissues and cell lines. And Bim-related miR-24 is significantly up-regulated in PaC. The repressed expression of Bim is proved to be a result of miR-24, thus promoting cell growth of both cancer and vascular cells, and accelerating vascular ring formation. By using mouse tumor model, we clearly showed that miR-24 promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis by suppressing Bim expression in vivo. Therefore, a new pathway comprising miR-24 and Bim can be used in the exploration of drug-target therapy of PaC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Likun Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanjun Qu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjing Duan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Ning
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Dingzhi Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Ba
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
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63
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Li J, Li D, Zhang W. Tumor suppressor role of miR-217 in human epithelial ovarian cancer by targeting IGF1R. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:1671-9. [PMID: 26708715 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows that microRNA-217 (miR-217) is frequently dysregulated in various cancers, and plays crucial roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis; however, the role and underlying molecular mechanism of miR-217 in human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains unclear. Here, we report that miR-217 expression was downregulated in EOC tissue and inversely correlated with advanced FIGO stage, high histological grading and lymph node metastasis (P<0.01). Function analysis revealed that the ectopic expression of miR-217 in EOC cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, as well as suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase assays identified insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) as a direct target of miR-217 in EOC cells. Western blot assay showed that overexpression of miR-217 in EOC cells inhibited IGF1R expression. In addition, downregulation of IGF1R mimicked the tumor-suppressive effects of miR-217 in EOC cells, whereas the reintroduction of IGF1R partially abrogated the suppression effect induced by miR-217 on EOC cells. Collectively, these results demonstrated that miR-217 plays a tumor suppressor role in human epithelial ovarian cancer by directly targeting IGF1R gene, suggesting a new potential therapeutic target in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyan Li
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Special Education Department of Changchun University, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China
| | - Weiyuan Zhang
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, P.R. China
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64
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Fisher K, Lin J. MicroRNA in inflammatory bowel disease: Translational research and clinical implication. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:12274-12282. [PMID: 26604636 PMCID: PMC4649112 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i43.12274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) predominantly includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. The pathogenesis of IBD is complex and not completely understood. MicroRNAs belong to a class of noncoding small RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Unique microRNA expression profiles have been explored in IBD. In this review, we focus on the unique microRNA expression pattern in both tissue and peripheral blood from IBD patients and emphasize the potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The discovery of microRNAs has contributed to our understanding of IBD pathogenesis and might lead to clinical advance in new therapeutics.
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65
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Li Y, Sarkar FH. Role of BioResponse 3,3'-Diindolylmethane in the Treatment of Human Prostate Cancer: Clinical Experience. Med Princ Pract 2015; 25 Suppl 2:11-7. [PMID: 26501150 PMCID: PMC4848191 DOI: 10.1159/000439307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) progression after androgen deprivation therapy shows upregulated expression of androgen receptor (AR) splice variants, induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition phenotypes and enhanced stem cell characteristics, all of which are associated with resistance to enzalutamide. Since there is no curative treatment for CRPC, innovative treatments are urgently needed. In our recent study, we found that resistance to enzalutamide was partly due to deregulated expression of microRNAs such as miR-34a, miR-124, miR-27b, miR-320 and let-7, which play important roles in regulating AR and stem cell marker gene expression that appears to be linked with resistance to enzalutamide. Importantly, we found that BioResponse 3,3'-diindolylmethane (BR-DIM) treatment in vitro and in vivo caused downregulation in the expression of wild-type AR. The AR splice variants, Lin28B and EZH2, appear to be deregulated through the re-expression of let-7, miR-27b, miR-320 and miR-34a in human prostate cancer (PCa). BR-DIM administered in clinical trials was well tolerated, and 93% of patients had detectable prostatic DIM levels. The inhibitory effects of BR-DIM on AR and AR target gene such as prostate-specific antigen were also observed in the clinical trial. Our preclinical and clinical studies provide the scientific basis for a 'proof-of-concept' clinical trial in CRPC patients treated with enzalutamide in combination with BR-DIM. This strategy could be expanded in future clinical trials in patients with PCa to determine whether or not they could achieve a better treatment outcome which could be partly mediated by delaying or preventing the development of CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Li
- Department of University School of Medicine, Detroit, Mich., USA
| | - Fazlul H. Sarkar
- Department of University School of Medicine, Detroit, Mich., USA
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Mich., USA
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Detection of Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs in Rheumatic Heart Disease: miR-1183 and miR-1299 as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:524519. [PMID: 26539505 PMCID: PMC4619814 DOI: 10.1155/2015/524519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study compared microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles between rheumatic heart disease (RHD) patients and healthy controls to investigate their differential expression and help elucidate their mechanisms of action. Microarray analysis was used to measure miRNA expression, and a total of 133 miRNAs were shown to be significantly upregulated in RHD patients compared with controls, including miR-1183 and miR-1299. A total of 137 miRNAs, including miR-4423-3p and miR-218-1-3p, were significantly downregulated in RHD patients. Quantitative real-time-PCR confirmed microarray findings for miR-1183 and miR-1299 in both tissue and plasma. Bioinformatic predictions were also made of differentially expressed miRNAs as biomarkers in RHD by databases and GO/pathway analysis. Furthermore, we investigated miR-1183 and miR-1299 expression in RHD patients with secondary pulmonary hypertension (PAH). Our findings identified an important role for miR-1299 as a direct regulator of RHD, while the observed difference in expression of miR-1183 between RHD-PAH patients with high or low pulmonary artery pressure suggests that miR-1183 overexpression may reflect pulmonary artery remodeling. miR-1183 and miR-1299 appear to play distinct roles in RHD pathogenesis accompanied by secondary PAH and could be used as potential biological markers for disease development.
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67
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D'Souza W, Saranath D. Clinical implications of epigenetic regulation in oral cancer. Oral Oncol 2015; 51:1061-8. [PMID: 26421863 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer is a high incidence cancer which is of major public health concern in India being the most common cancer in males and fifth most common cancer in females in India, contributing to 26% of the global oral cancer burden. The major risk factors of oral cancer are tobacco, alcohol and high risk Human Papilloma Virus type 16/18. However, only 3-12% of the high risk individuals with dysplasia develop oral cancer. Thus, individual genomic variants representing the genomic constitution and epigenetic alterations play a critical role in the development of oral cancer. Extensive epigenetic studies on the molecular lesions including oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, genes associated with apoptosis, DNA damage repair have been reported. The current review highlights epigenetic regulation with a focus on molecular biomarkers and epidrug therapy in oral cancer. Epigenetic regulation by hypermethylation, histone modifications and specific microRNAs are often associated with early events and advanced stages in oral cancer, and thus indicate epidrug therapy for intervention. The presence of epigenetic marks in oral lesions, cancers and tumor associated mucosa emphasizes indications as biomarkers and epidrugs with therapeutic potential for better patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy D'Souza
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed-to-be) University, Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Dhananjaya Saranath
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed-to-be) University, Mumbai 400056, India.
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68
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Wen C, Liu X, Ma H, Zhang W, Li H. miR‑338‑3p suppresses tumor growth of ovarian epithelial carcinoma by targeting Runx2. Int J Oncol 2015; 46:2277-85. [PMID: 25776272 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
miR‑338‑3p, a recently discovered miRNA, has been shown to play important roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis in various cancers. However, the exact roles and mechanisms of miR‑338‑3p remain unknown in human ovarian epithelial carcinoma (EOC). The relationship between miR‑338‑3p expression pattern and clinicopathological features of patients with EOC were determined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Furthermore, the role of miR‑338‑3p and possible molecular mechanisms in EOC was investigated by several in vitro approaches and in a nude mouse model. We first showed that the expression of miR‑338‑3p was significantly downregulated in EOC tissues compared to those in adjacent normal tissues, and the value was negatively related to advanced FIGO stage, high histological grading and lymph node metastasis (P<0.01). An in vitro analysis revealed that the overexpression of miR‑338‑3p in EOC cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion, inducing cell apoptosis and enhancing caspase-3, -8, and -9 activities. Bioinformatic analysis and dual luciferase assays identified Runx2 as a direct target of miR‑338‑3p. We also found that enforced expression of miR‑338‑3p markedly inhibited the in vivo tumorigenicity in a nude mouse xenograft model system. Furthermore, overexpression of miR‑338‑3p inhibited phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT, which contributed to suppression of ovarian cancer cell growth. These findings revealed that miR‑338‑3p may act as a tumor suppressor that blocks the growth of human ovarian epithelial carcinoma through PI3K/AKT signaling pathways by targeting Runx2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Wen
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Nanguan District, Changchun 13033, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Nanguan District, Changchun 13033, P.R. China
| | - Hongxi Ma
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Nanguan District, Changchun 13033, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
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69
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Control of oncogenic miRNA function by light-activated miRNA antagomirs. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1165:99-114. [PMID: 24839022 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0856-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single stranded noncoding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides that act as posttranscriptional gene regulators by binding partially complementary sequences in the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). MicroRNAs regulate many biological processes including embryonal development, differentiation, apoptosis, and proliferation and the targets of miRNAs range from signalling proteins and transcription factors to RNA binding proteins. Recently, variations in the expression of certain miRNAs have been linked to a variety of human diseases including cancer and viral infections, validating miRNAs as potential targets for drug discovery. Several tools have been developed to control the function of individual miRNAs and have been applied to study their biological role and therapeutic potential; however, common methods lack a precise level of control that allows for the study of miRNA function with high spatial and temporal resolution. Toward this goal, a light-activated miRNA antagomir for mature miR-21 was developed through the site-specific installation of caging groups on the bases of selected nucleotides. Installation of caged nucleotides led to complete inhibition of the antagomir-miRNA hybridization and inactivation of antagomir function. The miRNA-inhibitory activity of the caged antagomirs was fully restored upon decaging through a brief UV irradiation. The synthesized antagomir was applied to the photochemical regulation of miR-21 function in mammalian cells. Moreover, spatial and temporal control over antagomir activity and thus miR-21 function was obtained in mammalian cells. The presented approach enables the precise regulation of miRNA function with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution using UV irradiation and can be readily extended to any miRNA of interest.
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70
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Chen S, Wang L, Fan J, Ye C, Dominguez D, Zhang Y, Curiel TJ, Fang D, Kuzel TM, Zhang B. Host miR155 promotes tumor growth through a myeloid-derived suppressor cell-dependent mechanism. Cancer Res 2014; 75:519-31. [PMID: 25502838 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-2331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
miR155 is a regulator of immune cell development and function that is generally thought to be immunostimulatory. However, we report here that genetic ablation of miR155 renders mice resistant to chemical carcinogenesis and the growth of several transplanted tumors, suggesting that miR155 functions in immunosuppression and tumor promotion. Host miR155 deficiency promoted overall antitumor immunity despite the finding of defective responses of miR155-deficient dendritic cells and antitumor T cells. Further analysis of immune cell compartments revealed that miR155 regulated the accumulation of functional myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSC) in the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, miR155 mediated MDSC suppressor activity through at least two mechanisms, including SOCS1 repression and a reduced ability to license the generation of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells. Importantly, we demonstrated that miR155 expression was required for MDSC to facilitate tumor growth. Thus, our results revealed a contextual function for miR155 in antitumor immunity, with a role in MDSC support that appears to dominate in tumor-bearing hosts. Overall, the balance of these cellular effects appears to be a root determinant of whether miR155 promotes or inhibits tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Chen
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Long Wang
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jie Fan
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Cong Ye
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Donye Dominguez
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tyler J Curiel
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Deyu Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Timothy M Kuzel
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Bin Zhang
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
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71
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Shen F, Mo MH, Chen L, An S, Tan X, Fu Y, Rezaei K, Wang Z, Zhang L, Fu SW. MicroRNA-21 Down-regulates Rb1 Expression by Targeting PDCD4 in Retinoblastoma. J Cancer 2014; 5:804-12. [PMID: 25520758 PMCID: PMC4263991 DOI: 10.7150/jca.10456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is a children's ocular cancer caused by mutated retinoblastoma 1 (Rb1) gene on both alleles. Rb1 and other related genes could be regulated by microRNAs (miRNA) via complementarily pairing with their target sites. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) possesses the oncogenic potential to target several tumor suppressor genes, including PDCD4, and regulates tumor progression and metastasis. However, the mechanism of how miR-21 regulates PDCD4 is poorly understood in RB. We investigated the expression of miRNAs in RB cell lines and identified that miR-21 is one of the most deregulated miRNAs in RB. Using qRT-PCR, we verified the expression level of several miRNAs identified by independent microarray assays, and analyzed miRNA expression patterns in three RB cell lines, including Weri-Rb1, Y79 and RB355. We found that miR-19b, -21, -26a, -195 and -222 were highly expressed in all three cell lines, suggesting their potential role in RB tumorigenesis. Using the TargetScan program, we identified a list of potential target genes of these miRNAs, of which PDCD4 is one the targets of miR-21. In this study, we focused on the regulatory mechanism of miR-21 on PDCD4 in RB. We demonstrated an inverse correlation between miR-21 and PDCD4 expression in Weri-Rb1 and Y79 cells. These data suggest that miR-21 down-regulates Rb1 by targeting PDCD4 tumor suppressor. Therefore, miR-21 could serve as a therapeutic target for retinoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengmei Shen
- 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Xi'an Jiaotong University First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng-Hsuan Mo
- 2. Department of Medicine, Division of Genomic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Liang Chen
- 2. Department of Medicine, Division of Genomic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shejuan An
- 2. Department of Medicine, Division of Genomic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Xiaohui Tan
- 2. Department of Medicine, Division of Genomic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yebo Fu
- 2. Department of Medicine, Division of Genomic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Katayoon Rezaei
- 3. Department of Pathology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zuoren Wang
- 4. Department of Surgery, Xi'an Jiaotong University First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Xi'an Jiaotong University First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Sidney W Fu
- 2. Department of Medicine, Division of Genomic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
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72
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Zou C, Chen J, Chen K, Wang S, Cao Y, Zhang J, Sheng Y, Huang A, Tang H. Functional analysis of miR-181a and Fas involved in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis. Exp Cell Res 2014; 331:352-61. [PMID: 25449696 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is responsible for most of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, whether HBV plays an important role during hepatocarcinogenesis through effecting miRNAs remains unknown. Here, we reported that HBV up-regulated microRNA-181a (miR-181a) by enhancing its promoter activity. Simultaneously, we found that miR-181a inhibited apoptosis in vitro and promoted tumor cell growth in vivo. TNF receptor superfamily member 6 (Fas) was further identified as a target of miR-181a. We also found that Fas could reverse the apoptosis-inhibition effect induced by miR-181a. Moreover, HBV could inhibit cell apoptosis by down-regulating Fas expression, which could be reversed by miR-181a inhibitor. Our data demonstrated that HBV suppressed apoptosis of hepatoma cells by up-regulating miR-181a expression and down-regulating Fas expression, which may provide a new understanding of the mechanism in HBV-related HCC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yiyi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jinnan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yanrui Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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73
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Kim TH, Song JY, Park H, Jeong JY, Kwon AY, Heo JH, Kang H, Kim G, An HJ. miR-145, targeting high-mobility group A2, is a powerful predictor of patient outcome in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:937-45. [PMID: 25444913 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-145 (miR-145) expression is downregulated in several human cancers, but its clinical and functional relevance to ovarian carcinoma has not yet been elucidated. This study addressed the hypothesis that miR-145 serves as a prognostic biomarker and a tumor suppressor that regulates the expression of high-mobility group A2 (HMGA2) oncoprotein in ovarian cancer. Here, we found that low miR-145 expression and HMGA2 overexpression determined by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry significantly correlated with advanced stage, lymph node involvement, and distant metastasis in 74 ovarian carcinomas. Low miR-145 expression significantly correlated with tumor recurrence and worse overall survival (HR=8.62, P = 0.039). Transfection of pre-miR-145 resulted in reduced cell growth and migration, and increased apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells by TUNEL, colony forming, and cell migration assays. MiR-145 was found to directly target HMGA2 by luciferase assay and Western blotting. Our findings suggest that miR-145 functions as a tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer and directly targets HMGA2 oncoprotein. Low miR-145 and high HMGA2 expressions are potential biomarkers of poor prognosis of ovarian carcinoma and miR-145 is the more powerful predictor of patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hoen Kim
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-rho, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-712, Republic of Korea; Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-rho, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ye Song
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-rho, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Park
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-rho, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-712, Republic of Korea; Department of Gynecologic Oncology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-rho, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Jeong
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-rho, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Young Kwon
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-rho, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyung Heo
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-rho, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeyoun Kang
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-rho, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangil Kim
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-rho, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-712, Republic of Korea; Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-rho, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung An
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-rho, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-712, Republic of Korea; Institute for Clinical Research, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-rho, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-712, Republic of Korea.
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74
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Roberts DJ, Miyamoto S. Hexokinase II integrates energy metabolism and cellular protection: Akting on mitochondria and TORCing to autophagy. Cell Death Differ 2014; 22:248-57. [PMID: 25323588 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence reveals that metabolic and cell survival pathways are closely related, sharing common signaling molecules. Hexokinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose, the rate-limiting first step of glycolysis. Hexokinase II (HK-II) is a predominant isoform in insulin-sensitive tissues such as heart, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissues. It is also upregulated in many types of tumors associated with enhanced aerobic glycolysis in tumor cells, the Warburg effect. In addition to the fundamental role in glycolysis, HK-II is increasingly recognized as a component of a survival signaling nexus. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the protective role of HK-II, controlling cellular growth, preventing mitochondrial death pathway and enhancing autophagy, with a particular focus on the interaction between HK-II and Akt/mTOR pathway to integrate metabolic status with the control of cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Roberts
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - S Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA
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75
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Orang AV, Barzegari A. MicroRNAs in Colorectal Cancer: from Diagnosis to Targeted Therapy. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:6989-99. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.17.6989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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76
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Abstract
Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to a variety of human diseases including cancer and viral infections. Small molecule modifiers of miRNAs could represent new therapeutic agents and be used as tools for elucidating the biological roles of miRNAs. In order to identify small molecule modifiers of miRNAs, functional assays for specific miRNAs must be developed and optimized. Here, we report the construction of a luciferase reporter assay for miRNA miR-122 function and the development of a stable Huh7 cell line that can be used for high-throughput screening of small molecule miR-122 inhibitors. The steps described here can be applied not only to Huh7 cells and miR-122 but also to virtually any cell line and miRNA combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M Connelly
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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77
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Deng X, Cao M, Zhang J, Hu K, Yin Z, Zhou Z, Xiao X, Yang Y, Sheng W, Wu Y, Zeng Y. Hyaluronic acid-chitosan nanoparticles for co-delivery of MiR-34a and doxorubicin in therapy against triple negative breast cancer. Biomaterials 2014; 35:4333-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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78
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Kozakowska M, Szade K, Dulak J, Jozkowicz A. Role of heme oxygenase-1 in postnatal differentiation of stem cells: a possible cross-talk with microRNAs. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:1827-50. [PMID: 24053682 PMCID: PMC3961774 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) converts heme to biliverdin, carbon monoxide, and ferrous ions, but its cellular functions are far beyond heme metabolism. HO-1 via heme removal and degradation products acts as a cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and proangiogenic protein, regulating also a cell cycle. Additionally, HO-1 can translocate to nucleus and regulate transcription factors, so it can also act independently of enzymatic function. RECENT ADVANCES Recently, a body of evidence has emerged indicating a role for HO-1 in postnatal differentiation of stem and progenitor cells. Maturation of satellite cells, skeletal myoblasts, adipocytes, and osteoclasts is inhibited by HO-1, whereas neurogenic differentiation and formation of cardiomyocytes perhaps can be enhanced. Moreover, HO-1 influences a lineage commitment in pluripotent stem cells and maturation of hematopoietic cells. It may play a role in development of osteoblasts, but descriptions of its exact effects are inconsistent. CRITICAL ISSUES In this review we discuss a role of HO-1 in cell differentiation, and possible HO-1-dependent signal transduction pathways. Among the potential mediators, we focused on microRNA (miRNA). These small, noncoding RNAs are critical for cell differentiation. Recently we have found that HO-1 not only influences expression of specific miRNAs but also regulates miRNA processing enzymes. FUTURE DIRECTIONS It seems that interplay between HO-1 and miRNAs may be important in regulating fates of stem and progenitor cells and needs further intensive studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kozakowska
- 1 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University , Krakow, Poland
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79
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Ak S, Tunca B, Tezcan G, Cecener G, Egeli U, Yilmazlar T, Ozturk E, Yerci O. MicroRNA expression patterns of tumors in early-onset colorectal cancer patients. J Surg Res 2014; 191:113-22. [PMID: 24746948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) may differ in tumors from patients with different ethnic origins and ages. The aims of the present study were to clarify the appropriate alterations of miRNA expression associated with the early stages of carcinogenesis in early-onset Turkish colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and to define specific biomarkers that could be used as new diagnostic and prognostic markers for this population. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression profiles of 38 different miRNAs associated with CRC were evaluated using miRNA polymerase chain reaction arrays in tumors and surgical margin tissue samples from 40 sporadic early-onset Turkish CRC patients. The relationships between the miRNA expression profiles and the characteristics of the tumors and patients were evaluated. RESULTS The expression of miR-106a was found to be upregulated, and miR-143 and miR-125b levels were found to be downregulated in tumor tissues compared with the normal tissues. The high expression level of miR-106a (2.93-fold; P = 0.031) and low expression level of miR-125b (2.42-fold; P = 0.063) were observed in tumors with lymph node metastases compared with the normal colorectal mucosa samples. However, the deregulation of these miRNAs was not significantly associated with survival (log-rank P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present results implied that miR-106a and the miR-125b were associated with the formation and invasion of colorectal tumors. Thus, these miRNAs might be used as significant prognostic factors and indicators of early-stage CRC. Further studies and validations are required; these miRNAs may provide novel molecular targets for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Secil Ak
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Berrin Tunca
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Gulcin Tezcan
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gulsah Cecener
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Unal Egeli
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Tuncay Yilmazlar
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ersin Ozturk
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Omer Yerci
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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80
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Li HY, Zhang Y, Cai JH, Bian HL. MicroRNA-451 inhibits growth of human colorectal carcinoma cells via downregulation of Pi3k/Akt pathway. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:3631-4. [PMID: 23886157 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.6.3631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) play important roles in coordinating a variety of cellular processes and abnormal expression has been linked to the occurrence of several cancers. The miRNA miR-451 is downregulated in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells, suggested by several research groups including our own. In this study, synthetic miR-451 mimics were transfected into the SW620 human CRC cell line using Lipofectamine 2000 and expression of miR-451 was analyzed by real time PCR, while expression of CAB39, LKB1, AMPK, AKT, PI3K and Bcl2 was analyzed by Western blot, and cell growth was detected by MTT assay. In comparison to the controls, a significant increase in the expression of miR-451 was associated with significantly decreased expression of CAB39, LKB1, AMPK, AKT, PI3K and Bcl2. The capacity of cell proliferation was significantly decreased by miR-451 expression, which also inhibited cell growth. Our study confirmed that miR-451 has a repressive role in CRC cells by inhibiting cell growth through down-regulating the P13K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Li
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, the Third Hospital of HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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81
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Pofahl M, Wengel J, Mayer G. Multifunctional nucleic acids for tumor cell treatment. Nucleic Acid Ther 2014; 24:171-7. [PMID: 24494617 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2013.0472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on a multifunctional nucleic acid, termed AptamiR, composed of an aptamer domain and an antimiR domain. This composition mediates cell specific delivery of antimiR molecules for silencing of endogenous micro RNA. The introduced multifunctional molecule preserves cell targeting, anti-proliferative and antimiR function in one 37-nucleotide nucleic acid molecule. It inhibits cancer cell growth and induces gene expression that is pathologically damped by an oncomir. These findings will have a strong impact on future developments regarding aptamer- and antimiR-related applications for tumor targeting and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Pofahl
- 1 Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn , Bonn, Germany
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82
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Bonelli P, Tuccillo FM, Borrelli A, Schiattarella A, Buonaguro FM. CDK/CCN and CDKI alterations for cancer prognosis and therapeutic predictivity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:361020. [PMID: 24605326 PMCID: PMC3925518 DOI: 10.1155/2014/361020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of cell growth and division occurs in an accurate sequential manner. It is dictated by the accumulation of cyclins (CCNs) and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) complexes and degradation of CCNs. In human tumors, instead, the cell cycle is deregulated, causing absence of differentiation and aberrant cell growth. Oncogenic alterations of CCNs, CDKs, and CDKIs have been reported in more than 90% of human cancers, and the most frequent are those related to the G1 phase. Several molecular mechanisms, including gene overexpression, chromosomal translocations, point mutations, insertions and deletions, missense and frame shift mutation, splicing, or methylation, may be responsible for these alterations. The cell cycle regulators are involved in tumor progression given their association with cancers characterized by higher incidence of relapses and chemotherapy resistance. In the last decade anticancer drug researches focused on new compounds, able to target molecules related to changes in genes associated with tumor status. Recently, the studies have focused on the restoration of cell cycle control modulating molecular targets involved in cancer-cell alterations. This paper aims to correlate alterations of cell cycle regulators with human cancers and therapeutic responsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Bonelli
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Department of Research, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS Fondazione “G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Maria Tuccillo
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Department of Research, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS Fondazione “G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Borrelli
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Department of Research, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS Fondazione “G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Schiattarella
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Department of Research, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS Fondazione “G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Franco Maria Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Department of Research, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS Fondazione “G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy
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83
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RIES JUTTA, VAIRAKTARIS ELEFTHERIOS, AGAIMY ABBAS, KINTOPP RITA, BARAN CHRISTOPH, NEUKAM FRIEDRICHW, NKENKE EMEKA. miR-186, miR-3651 and miR-494: Potential biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma extracted from whole blood. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:1429-36. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.2983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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84
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Connelly CM, Deiters A. Identification of inhibitors of microRNA function from small molecule screens. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1095:147-56. [PMID: 24166310 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-703-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been linked to many human diseases including cancer, immune disorders, heart disease, and viral infections. Thus, small molecule inhibitors of miRNAs have potential as new therapeutic agents, as probes for the elucidation of detailed mechanisms of miRNA function, and as tools for the discovery of new targets for the treatment of human diseases. In order to identify small molecule inhibitors of specific miRNAs, functional assays have been developed and applied to the screening of small molecule libraries. Here, we report the application of a luciferase-based reporter assay of miRNA miR-122 function to the discovery of small molecule miR-122 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M Connelly
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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85
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Kaur U, Chakrabarti SS, Pandey BL. MicroRNAs and cardiovascular medicine. SAGE Open Med 2014; 2:2050312114524952. [PMID: 26770714 PMCID: PMC4607215 DOI: 10.1177/2050312114524952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are non-coding RNA sequences that act as regulators of gene expression. They are aberrantly expressed in many pathological conditions. Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the general population. Various knock-in and knockdown approaches have shown abnormal signature patterns of microRNAs in cardiovascular conditions like cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias and vascular proliferative diseases. Since a single microRNA targets many genes, modulating a single microRNA involved in a disease carries a possible risk of undesirable side effects. The review focuses on current understanding of microRNAs in cardiovascular conditions, the possible underlying mechanisms and various approaches of modulating microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - S S Chakrabarti
- Department of General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - B L Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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86
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Jiang Z, Liu W, Wang Y, Gao Z, Gao G, Wang X. Rational design of microRNA-siRNA chimeras for multifunctional target suppression. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2013; 19:1745-1754. [PMID: 24145823 PMCID: PMC3884671 DOI: 10.1261/rna.039677.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a variety of human diseases by simultaneously suppressing many gene targets. Thus, the therapeutic value of miRNAs has been intensely studied. However, there are potential limitations with miRNA-based therapeutics such as a relatively moderate impact on gene target regulation and cellular phenotypic control. To address these issues, we proposed to design new chimeric small RNAs (aiRNAs) by incorporating sequences from both miRNAs and siRNAs. These aiRNAs not only inherited functions from natural miRNAs, but also gained new functions of gene knockdown in an siRNA-like fashion. The improved efficacy of multifunctional aiRNAs was demonstrated in our study by design and testing of an aiRNA that inherited the functions of both miR-200a and an AKT1-targeting siRNA for simultaneous suppression of cancer cell motility and proliferation. The general principles of aiRNA design were further validated by engineering new aiRNAs mimicking another miRNA, miR-9. By regulating multiple cellular functions, aiRNAs could be used as an improved tool over miRNAs to target disease-related genes, thus alleviating our dependency on a limited number of miRNAs for the development of RNAi-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Weijun Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Ge Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, USA
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87
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Shen H, Liu J, Wang R, Qian X, Xu R, Xu T, Li Q, Wang L, Shi Z, Zheng J, Chen Q, Shu Y. Fulvestrant increases gefitinib sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer cells by upregulating let-7c expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2013; 68:307-13. [PMID: 24268810 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations benefit from treatment with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), namely, gefitinib and erlotinib. However, these patients eventually develop resistance to EGFR-TKIs. About 50% of this acquired resistance may be the result of a secondary mutation in the EGFR gene, such as the one corresponding to T790M. In our previous study, we found that combined treatment with fulvestrant and gefitinib decreases the proliferation of H1975 NSCLC cells, compared to treatment with either fulvestrant or gefitinib alone; however, the molecular mechanism for the improved effects of the combination treatment are still unknown. In this study, we confirmed that fulvestrant increases the gefitinib sensitivity of H1975 cells and found that let-7c was most upregulated in the fulvestrant-treated cells. Our data revealed that let-7c increases gefitinib sensitivity by repressing RAS and inactivating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathways. Taken together, our findings suggest that let-7c plays an important role in fulvestrant-induced upregulation of gefitinib sensitivity in H1975 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Shen
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinyuan Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Qian
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Ruitong Xu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongpeng Xu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Zhumei Shi
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Jitai Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Qiudan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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88
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Wu W, Yang P, Feng X, Wang H, Qiu Y, Tian T, He Y, Yu C, Yang J, Ye S, Zhou Y. The relationship between and clinical significance of MicroRNA-32 and phosphatase and tensin homologue expression in colorectal cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2013; 52:1133-40. [PMID: 24123284 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are suspected to play important roles in carcinogenesis. MiR-32 has altered expression in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the clinical significance of miR-32 expression in the process of carcinogenesis is poorly understood. In this study, we determined the levels of, the correlation between, and the clinical significance of the expression of miR-32 and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), a tumor suppressor targeted by miR-32, in CRC. The levels of miR-32 and PTEN gene expression in 35 colorectal carcinoma samples, 35 corresponding cancer-adjacent tissue samples, 27 colorectal adenoma samples, and 16 normal tissue samples were quantified using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. PTEN protein expression was determined using western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The relationship between the miR-32 and PTEN protein expression and clinicopathological factors was analyzed. Significant upregulation of miR-32 expression and reduction of PTEN were identified in CRC tissues. High miR-32 levels were significantly associated with lymph node and distant metastasis, and Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients with high miR-32 expression had a poor overall survival. Low PTEN protein expression was also significantly correlated with distant metastasis. An inverse relationship between miR-32 and PTEN protein expression was identified. In addition, IHC analysis revealed weak or indiscernible PTEN staining in tumor tissue. MiR-32 overexpression was correlated with specific CRC clinicopathological features and may be a marker of poor prognosis in CRC patients. MiR-32 and PTEN expression were inversely correlated, and miR-32 may be associated with the development of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyun Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, South Peoples Avenue No. 57, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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89
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Tivnan A, Zhao J, Johns TG, Day BW, Stringer BW, Boyd AW, Tiwari S, Giles KM, Teo C, McDonald KL. The tumor suppressor microRNA, miR-124a, is regulated by epigenetic silencing and by the transcriptional factor, REST in glioblastoma. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:1459-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1200-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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90
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Almalik A, Day PJ, Tirelli N. HA-Coated Chitosan Nanoparticles for CD44-Mediated Nucleic Acid Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2013; 13:1671-80. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Almalik
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester M13 9PT UK
| | - Philip J. Day
- Institute of Population Health and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology; University of Manchester; Manchester M13 9PT UK
| | - Nicola Tirelli
- School of Medicine/Institute of Inflammation and Repair and School of Materials; University of Manchester; Manchester M13 9PT UK
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91
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McAlinden A, Varghese N, Wirthlin L, Chang LW. Differentially expressed microRNAs in chondrocytes from distinct regions of developing human cartilage. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75012. [PMID: 24040378 PMCID: PMC3767648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is compelling in vivo evidence from reports on human genetic mutations and transgenic mice that some microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important functional role in regulating skeletal development and growth. A number of published in vitro studies also point toward a role for miRNAs in controlling chondrocyte gene expression and differentiation. However, information on miRNAs that may regulate a specific phase of chondrocyte differentiation (i.e. production of progenitor, differentiated or hypertrophic chondrocytes) is lacking. To attempt to bridge this knowledge gap, we have investigated miRNA expression patterns in human embryonic cartilage tissue. Specifically, a developmental time point was selected, prior to endochondral ossification in the embryonic limb, to permit analysis of three distinct populations of chondrocytes. The location of chondroprogenitor cells, differentiated chondrocytes and hypertrophic chondrocytes in gestational day 54-56 human embryonic limb tissue sections was confirmed both histologically and by specific collagen expression patterns. Laser capture microdissection was utilized to separate the three chondrocyte populations and a miRNA profiling study was carried out using TaqMan® OpenArray® Human MicroRNA Panels (Applied Biosystems®). Here we report on abundantly expressed miRNAs in human embryonic cartilage tissue and, more importantly, we have identified miRNAs that are significantly differentially expressed between precursor, differentiated and hypertrophic chondrocytes by 2-fold or more. Some of the miRNAs identified in this study have been described in other aspects of cartilage or bone biology, while others have not yet been reported in chondrocytes. Finally, a bioinformatics approach was applied to begin to decipher developmental cellular pathways that may be regulated by groups of differentially expressed miRNAs during distinct stages of chondrogenesis. Data obtained from this work will serve as an important resource of information for the field of cartilage biology and will enhance our understanding of miRNA-driven mechanisms regulating cartilage and endochondral bone development, regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey McAlinden
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America ; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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92
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Hemphill J, Deiters A. DNA Computation in Mammalian Cells: MicroRNA Logic Operations. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:10512-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja404350s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James Hemphill
- Department
of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United
States
| | - Alexander Deiters
- Department
of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United
States
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93
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Chen D, Cabay RJ, Jin Y, Wang A, Lu Y, Shah-Khan M, Zhou X. MicroRNA Deregulations in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. EJOURNAL OF ORAL MAXILLOFACIAL RESEARCH 2013; 4:e2. [PMID: 24422025 PMCID: PMC3886106 DOI: 10.5037/jomr.2013.4102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Head and neck/oral cancer, predominantly head and neck squamous cell
carcinoma (HNSCC), is the sixth most common cancer in the world. While
substantial advances have been made to define the genomic alterations
associated with head and neck/oral cancer, most studies are focused on
protein coding genes. The aim of this article is to review the current
literature on identified genomic aberrations of non-coding genes (e.g.,
microRNA) in head and neck/oral cancer (HNOC), and their contribution to the
initiation and progression of HNOC. Material and Methods A comprehensive review of the available literature relevant to microRNA
deregulation in HNSCC/HNOC, was undertaken using PubMed, Medline, Scholar
Google and Scopus. Keywords for the search were: microRNA and oral cancer,
microRNA and squamous cell carcinoma, microRNA deregulation and oral cancer,
microRNA and carcinogenesis in the head and neck/oral cavity. Only full
length articles in the English language were included. Results We recently identified a panel of microRNA deregulations that were
consistently observed in HNSCC [Chen et al., Oral Oncol. 2012;48(8):686-91],
including 7 consistently up-regulated microRNAs (miR-21, miR-7, miR-155,
miR-130b, miR-223, miR-34b), and 4 consistently down-regulated microRNAs
(miR-100, miR-99a, miR-125b, miR-375). In this review, we will first provide
an overview on microRNA and HNSCC. We will then provide a comprehensive
review on the roles of microRNA deregulations in HNSCC. The functional
significance of the identified HNSCC-associated microRNAs and a number of
other relevant microRNAs (e.g., miR-138, miR-98, miR-137, miR-193a and
miR-218) will be discussed in detail. Conclusions Based on current literature, microRNA deregulation plays a major role in head
and neck/oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- Center for Molecular Biology of Oral Diseases, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois USA. ; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Robert J Cabay
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois USA. ; Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois USA
| | - Yi Jin
- Center for Molecular Biology of Oral Diseases, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois USA
| | - Anxun Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong China. ; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Muzaffar Shah-Khan
- Center for Molecular Biology of Oral Diseases, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Center for Molecular Biology of Oral Diseases, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois USA. ; Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois USA. ; UIC Cancer Center, Graduate College, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, Illinois USA
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94
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Connelly CM, Uprety R, Hemphill J, Deiters A. Spatiotemporal control of microRNA function using light-activated antagomirs. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2013; 8:2987-93. [PMID: 22945263 DOI: 10.1039/c2mb25175b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional gene regulators and have been shown to regulate many biological processes including embryonal development, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and proliferation. Variations in the expression of certain miRNAs have been linked to a wide range of human diseases - especially cancer - and the diversity of miRNA targets suggests that they are involved in various cellular networks. Several tools have been developed to control the function of individual miRNAs and have been applied to study their biogenesis, biological role, and therapeutic potential; however, common methods lack a precise level of control that allows for the study of miRNA function with high spatial and temporal resolution. Light-activated miRNA antagomirs for mature miR-122 and miR-21 were developed through the site-specific installation of caging groups on the bases of selected nucleotides. Installation of caged nucleotides led to complete inhibition of the antagomir-miRNA hybridization and thus inactivation of antagomir function. The miRNA-inhibitory activity of the caged antagomirs was fully restored upon decaging through a brief UV irradiation. The synthesized antagomirs were applied to the photochemical regulation of miRNA function in mammalian cells. Moreover, spatial control over antagomir activity was obtained in mammalian cells through localized UV exposure. The presented approach enables the precise regulation of miRNA function and miRNA networks with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution using UV irradiation and can be extended to any miRNA of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M Connelly
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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95
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Liu X, Li G, Su Z, Jiang Z, Chen L, Wang J, Yu S, Liu Z. Poly(amido amine) is an ideal carrier of miR-7 for enhancing gene silencing effects on the EGFR pathway in U251 glioma cells. Oncol Rep 2013; 29:1387-94. [PMID: 23404538 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs are regarded as promising drugs for glioma gene therapy. However, conventional administration routes, such as oral administration and intravenous infusion, present low efficiency due to the blood-brain barrier and intercellular retention, thereby limiting their application. Recent studies showed poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) was a candidate carrier due to its high solubilization, delayed release and low toxicity. In the present study, U251 human brain glioma cells were transfected with the miR-7 gene using PAMAM as the vector to determine the transfection efficiency and therapeutic effects in vivo and in vitro. We found that PAMAM exhibited higher transfection efficiency and longer duration of action compared with liposome delivery, and miR-7 efficiently silenced some genes involved in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway and achieved favorable effects in treating glioma in vivo and in vitro. These investigations provide a basis for developing high-efficiency micromolecular drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, PR China
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96
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Hu QL, Jiang QY, Jin X, Shen J, Wang K, Li YB, Xu FJ, Tang GP, Li ZH. Cationic microRNA-delivering nanovectors with bifunctional peptides for efficient treatment of PANC-1 xenograft model. Biomaterials 2013; 34:2265-76. [PMID: 23298779 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic strategies based on modulation of microRNA activity possess much promise in cancer therapy, but the in vivo delivery of microRNA to target sites and its penetration into tumor tissues remain great challenge. In this work, miR-34a-delivering therapeutic nanocomplexes with a tumor-targeting and -penetrating bifunctional CC9 peptide were proposed for efficient treatment of pancreatic cancers. In vitro study indicated that the nanoparticle-based miR-34a delivery systems could effectively facilitate cellular uptake and greatly up-regulate the mRNA level of miR-34a in PANC-1 cell lines. The up-regulation of miR-34a remarkably induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, suppressed the tumor cell migration and inhibited the target gene expressions such as E2F3, Bcl-2, c-myc and cyclin D1. More importantly, the in vivo systemic administration of the developed targeting miR-34a delivery systems in a pancreatic cancer model significantly inhibited tumor growth and induced cancer cell apoptosis. Such bifunctional peptide-conjugated miRNA-delivering nanocomplexes should have great potential applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q L Hu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, China
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97
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Tan J, Fan L, Mao JJ, Chen B, Zheng L, Zhang T, Li T, Duan J, Duan Y, Jin Z, Kuang W. Restoration of miR-34a in p53 deficient cells unexpectedly promotes the cell survival by increasing NFκB activity. J Cell Biochem 2012; 113:2903-8. [PMID: 22531959 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Upregulation of miR-34a by p53 is recently believed to be a key mediator in the pro-apoptotic effects of this tumor suppressor. We sought to determine whether restoration of miR-34a levels in p53 deficient cells could rescue the response to DNA damage. Compared with the p53 wildtype U2OS cells, miR-34a expression was much lower in p53 deficient Saos2 cells upon cisplatin treatment. Unexpectedly, delivery of miR-34a in Saos2 cells does not increase the cell sensitivity to apoptosis. This effect was mediated by direct downregulation of SirT1 expression by miR-34a, which in turn increased the NFκB activity. Inhibition of NFκB activity in Saos2 cells by Aspirin sensitized the miR-34a overexpressing cells to cell death. Thus, in tumors with p53 deficiency, miR-34a restoration alone confers drug resistance through Sirt1-NFκB pathway and combination of miR-34a and NFκB inhibitor could be considered as a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Tan
- Department of Stomatology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, 111 Liuhua Road, Guangzhou 510010, People's Republic of China
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98
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Bovolenta M, Erriquez D, Valli E, Brioschi S, Scotton C, Neri M, Falzarano MS, Gherardi S, Fabris M, Rimessi P, Gualandi F, Perini G, Ferlini A. The DMD locus harbours multiple long non-coding RNAs which orchestrate and control transcription of muscle dystrophin mRNA isoforms. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45328. [PMID: 23028937 PMCID: PMC3448672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2.2 Mb long dystrophin (DMD) gene, the largest gene in the human genome, corresponds to roughly 0.1% of the entire human DNA sequence. Mutations in this gene cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy and other milder X-linked, recessive dystrophinopathies. Using a custom-made tiling array, specifically designed for the DMD locus, we identified a variety of novel long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), both sense and antisense oriented, whose expression profiles mirror that of DMD gene. Importantly, these transcripts are intronic in origin and specifically localized to the nucleus and are transcribed contextually with dystrophin isoforms or primed by MyoD-induced myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, their forced ectopic expression in both human muscle and neuronal cells causes a specific and negative regulation of endogenous dystrophin full length isoforms and significantly down-regulate the activity of a luciferase reporter construct carrying the minimal promoter regions of the muscle dystrophin isoform. Consistent with this apparently repressive role, we found that, in muscle samples of dystrophinopathic female carriers, lncRNAs expression levels inversely correlate with those of muscle full length DMD isoforms. Overall these findings unveil an unprecedented complexity of the transcriptional pattern of the DMD locus and reveal that DMD lncRNAs may contribute to the orchestration and homeostasis of the muscle dystrophin expression pattern by either selective targeting and down-modulating the dystrophin promoter transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bovolenta
- Department of Medical Science, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daniela Erriquez
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuele Valli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Brioschi
- Department of Medical Science, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Scotton
- Department of Medical Science, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marcella Neri
- Department of Medical Science, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia Falzarano
- Department of Medical Science, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Samuele Gherardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Health Sciences and Technologies – Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Fabris
- Department of Medical Science, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Rimessi
- Department of Medical Science, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Gualandi
- Department of Medical Science, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Perini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Health Sciences and Technologies – Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ferlini
- Department of Medical Science, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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99
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MiR-296-3p regulates cell growth and multi-drug resistance of human glioblastoma by targeting ether-à-go-go (EAG1). Eur J Cancer 2012; 49:710-24. [PMID: 22999387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2012.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) - short non-coding RNA molecules - post-transcriptionally regulate gene expressions and play crucial roles in diverse biological processes such as development, differentiation, apoptosis and proliferation. In order to investigate the possible role of miRNAs in the development of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in human glioblastoma, we first detected (by Western blotting, real-time polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR] and immunohistochemistry) the expression of miR-296-3p and ether-à-go-go (EAG1 or KCNH1) in U251 cells, U251/imatinib mesylate (U251AR cells) and clinical specimens. The results showed that miR-296-3p was down-regulated in U251AR cells, concurrent with the up-regulation of EAG1 protein, compared with the parental U251 cell line. In vitro drug sensitivity assay demonstrated that over-expression of miR-296-3p sensitised glioblastoma (GBM) cells to anticancer drugs, whereas down-expression using antisense oligonucleotides conferred MDR. Ectopic expression of miR-296-3p reduced EAG1 expression and suppressed cell proliferation drug resistance, and the luciferase activity of an EAG1 3'-untranslated region-based reporter construct in U251AR cells, whereas EAG1 over-expression rescued the suppressive effect of miR-296-3p in U251AR cells. We also found that EAG1 was widely over-expressed and inversely correlated with miR-296-3p in clinical specimens. Taken together, our findings suggest that miR-296-3p may play a role of MDR in glioblastoma at least in part by targeting EAG1.
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100
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Babashah S, Sadeghizadeh M, Tavirani MR, Farivar S, Soleimani M. Aberrant microRNA expression and its implications in the pathogenesis of leukemias. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2012; 35:317-34. [PMID: 22956261 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-012-0095-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding, endogenous, small RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression by inducing degradation or translational inhibition of target mRNAs. Aberrant expression of miRNAs appears to be a common characteristic of hematological malignancies including leukemias. AIM Here we review the available data supporting a role of aberrant expression of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of leukemias including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). CONCLUSIONS The expression signatures of miRNAs provide exciting opportunities in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of leukemia. Since miRNAs can function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes in leukemogenesis, the potential of using these small RNAs as therapeutic targets opens up new opportunities for leukemia therapy by either inhibiting or augmenting their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 1411713116, Tehran, Iran.
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