1
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Tibbs GR, Uprety R, Warren JD, Beyer NP, Joyce RL, Ferrer MA, Mellado W, Wong VSC, Goldberg DC, Cohen MW, Costa CJ, Li Z, Zhang G, Dephoure NE, Barman DN, Sun D, Ingólfsson HI, Sauve AA, Willis DE, Goldstein PA. An anchor-tether 'hindered' HCN1 inhibitor is antihyperalgesic in a rat spared nerve injury neuropathic pain model. Br J Anaesth 2023; 131:745-763. [PMID: 37567808 PMCID: PMC10541997 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2023.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain impairs quality of life, is widely prevalent, and incurs significant costs. Current pharmacological therapies have poor/no efficacy and significant adverse effects; safe and effective alternatives are needed. Hyperpolarisation-activated cyclic nucleotide-regulated (HCN) channels are causally implicated in some forms of peripherally mediated neuropathic pain. Whilst 2,6-substituted phenols, such as 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol (26DTB-P), selectively inhibit HCN1 gating and are antihyperalgesic, the development of therapeutically tolerable, HCN-selective antihyperalgesics based on their inverse agonist activity requires that such drugs spare the cardiac isoforms and do not cross the blood-brain barrier. METHODS In silico molecular dynamics simulation, in vitro electrophysiology, and in vivo rat spared nerve injury methods were used to test whether 'hindered' variants of 26DTB-P (wherein a hydrophilic 'anchor' is attached in the para-position of 26DTB-P via an acyl chain 'tether') had the desired properties. RESULTS Molecular dynamics simulation showed that membrane penetration of hindered 26DTB-Ps is controlled by a tethered diol anchor without elimination of head group rotational freedom. In vitro and in vivo analysis showed that BP4L-18:1:1, a variant wherein a diol anchor is attached to 26DTB-P via an 18-carbon tether, is an HCN1 inverse agonist and an orally available antihyperalgesic. With a CNS multiparameter optimisation score of 2.25, a >100-fold lower drug load in the brain vs blood, and an absence of adverse cardiovascular or CNS effects, BP4L-18:1:1 was shown to be poorly CNS penetrant and cardiac sparing. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide a proof-of-concept demonstration that anchor-tethered drugs are a new chemotype for treatment of disorders involving membrane targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth R Tibbs
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - J David Warren
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole P Beyer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca L Joyce
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew A Ferrer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhucui Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guoan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noah E Dephoure
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dipti N Barman
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Delin Sun
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | | | - Anthony A Sauve
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dianna E Willis
- Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, NY, USA; Feil Family Brain & Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Peter A Goldstein
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Feil Family Brain & Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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2
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Chakraborty S, Uprety R, Slocum ST, Irie T, Le Rouzic V, Li X, Wilson LL, Scouller B, Alder AF, Kruegel AC, Ansonoff M, Varadi A, Eans SO, Hunkele A, Allaoa A, Kalra S, Xu J, Pan YX, Pintar J, Kivell BM, Pasternak GW, Cameron MD, McLaughlin JP, Sames D, Majumdar S. Oxidative Metabolism as a Modulator of Kratom's Biological Actions. J Med Chem 2021; 64:16553-16572. [PMID: 34783240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The leaves of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom), a plant native to Southeast Asia, are increasingly used as a pain reliever and for attenuation of opioid withdrawal symptoms. Using the tools of natural products chemistry, chemical synthesis, and pharmacology, we provide a detailed in vitro and in vivo pharmacological characterization of the alkaloids in kratom. We report that metabolism of kratom's major alkaloid, mitragynine, in mice leads to formation of (a) a potent mu opioid receptor agonist antinociceptive agent, 7-hydroxymitragynine, through a CYP3A-mediated pathway, which exhibits reinforcing properties, inhibition of gastrointestinal (GI) transit and reduced hyperlocomotion, (b) a multifunctional mu agonist/delta-kappa antagonist, mitragynine pseudoindoxyl, through a CYP3A-mediated skeletal rearrangement, displaying reduced hyperlocomotion, inhibition of GI transit and reinforcing properties, and (c) a potentially toxic metabolite, 3-dehydromitragynine, through a non-CYP oxidation pathway. Our results indicate that the oxidative metabolism of the mitragynine template beyond 7-hydroxymitragynine may have implications in its overall pharmacology in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Chakraborty
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, United States
| | - Samuel T Slocum
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Takeshi Irie
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, United States
| | - Valerie Le Rouzic
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, United States
| | - Xiaohai Li
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Lisa L Wilson
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Brittany Scouller
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Biological Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Amy F Alder
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Biological Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Andrew C Kruegel
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York 10027, United States
| | - Michael Ansonoff
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8021, United States
| | - Andras Varadi
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, United States
| | - Shainnel O Eans
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Amanda Hunkele
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, United States
| | - Abdullah Allaoa
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, United States
| | - Sanjay Kalra
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, United States
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ying Xian Pan
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, United States
| | - John Pintar
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8021, United States
| | - Bronwyn M Kivell
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Biological Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10065, United States
| | - Michael D Cameron
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Jay P McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Dalibor Sames
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York 10027, United States
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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3
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Chakraborty S, Uprety R, Daibani AE, Rouzic VL, Hunkele A, Appourchaux K, Eans SO, Nuthikattu N, Jilakara R, Thammavong L, Pasternak GW, Pan YX, McLaughlin JP, Che T, Majumdar S. Kratom Alkaloids as Probes for Opioid Receptor Function: Pharmacological Characterization of Minor Indole and Oxindole Alkaloids from Kratom. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2661-2678. [PMID: 34213886 PMCID: PMC8328003 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry leaves of kratom (mitragyna speciosa) are anecdotally consumed as pain relievers and antidotes against opioid withdrawal and alcohol use disorders. There are at least 54 alkaloids in kratom; however, investigations to date have focused around mitragynine, 7-hydroxy mitragynine (7OH), and mitragynine pseudoindoxyl (MP). Herein, we probe a few minor indole and oxindole based alkaloids, reporting the receptor affinity, G-protein activity, and βarrestin-2 signaling of corynantheidine, corynoxine, corynoxine B, mitraciliatine, and isopaynantheine at mouse and human opioid receptors. We identify corynantheidine as a mu opioid receptor (MOR) partial agonist, whereas its oxindole derivative corynoxine was an MOR full agonist. Similarly, another alkaloid mitraciliatine was found to be an MOR partial agonist, while isopaynantheine was a KOR agonist which showed reduced βarrestin-2 recruitment. Corynantheidine, corynoxine, and mitraciliatine showed MOR dependent antinociception in mice, but mitraciliatine and corynoxine displayed attenuated respiratory depression and hyperlocomotion compared to the prototypic MOR agonist morphine in vivo when administered supraspinally. Isopaynantheine on the other hand was identified as the first kratom derived KOR agonist in vivo. While these minor alkaloids are unlikely to play the majority role in the biological actions of kratom, they represent excellent starting points for further diversification as well as distinct efficacy and signaling profiles with which to probe opioid actions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Chakraborty
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Amal E Daibani
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Valerie L Rouzic
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Amanda Hunkele
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Kevin Appourchaux
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Shainnel O Eans
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 032610, United States
| | - Nitin Nuthikattu
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Rahul Jilakara
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Lisa Thammavong
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ying-Xian Pan
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, United States
| | - Jay P McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 032610, United States
| | - Tao Che
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences & Pharmacy at St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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4
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Wilson LL, Chakraborty S, Eans SO, Cirino TJ, Stacy HM, Simons CA, Uprety R, Majumdar S, McLaughlin JP. Kratom Alkaloids, Natural and Semi-Synthetic, Show Less Physical Dependence and Ameliorate Opioid Withdrawal. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:1131-1143. [PMID: 33433723 PMCID: PMC8164968 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-01034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chronic administration of opioids produces physical dependence and opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Users claim the Thai traditional tea "kratom" and component alkaloid mitragynine ameliorate opioid withdrawal without increased sensitivity to pain. Testing these claims, we assessed the combined kratom alkaloid extract (KAE) and two individual alkaloids, mitragynine (MG) and the analog mitragynine pseudoindoxyl (MP), evaluating their ability to produce physical dependence and induce hyperalgesia after chronic administration, and as treatments for withdrawal in morphine-dependent subjects. C57BL/6J mice (n = 10/drug) were administered repeated saline, or graded, escalating doses of morphine (intraperitoneal; i.p.), kratom alkaloid extract (orally, p.o.), mitragynine (p.o.), or MP (subcutaneously, s.c.) for 5 days. Mice treated chronically with morphine, KAE, or mitragynine demonstrated significant drug-induced hyperalgesia by day 5 in a 48 °C warm-water tail-withdrawal test. Mice were then administered naloxone (10 mg/kg, s.c.) and tested for opioid withdrawal signs. Kratom alkaloid extract and the two individual alkaloids demonstrated significantly fewer naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs than morphine-treated mice. Additional C57BL/6J mice made physically dependent on morphine were then used to test the therapeutic potential of combined KAE, mitragynine, or MP given twice daily over the next 3 days at either a fixed dose or in graded, tapering descending doses. When administered naloxone, mice treated with KAE, mitragynine, or MP under either regimen demonstrated significantly fewer signs of precipitated withdrawal than control mice that continued to receive morphine. In conclusion, while retaining some liabilities, kratom, mitragynine, and mitragynine pseudoindoxyl produced significantly less physical dependence and ameliorated precipitated withdrawal in morphine-dependent animals, suggesting some clinical value.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage
- Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects
- Animals
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mitragyna
- Morphine Dependence/metabolism
- Morphine Dependence/prevention & control
- Morphine Dependence/psychology
- Pain Measurement/drug effects
- Pain Measurement/methods
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids/administration & dosage
- Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids/adverse effects
- Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids/chemical synthesis
- Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids/isolation & purification
- Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/metabolism
- Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/prevention & control
- Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/psychology
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L Wilson
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Soumen Chakraborty
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Shainnel O Eans
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Thomas J Cirino
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Heather M Stacy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Chloe A Simons
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program and Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jay P McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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5
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Atigari DV, Paton KF, Uprety R, Váradi A, Alder AF, Scouller B, Miller JH, Majumdar S, Kivell BM. The mixed kappa and delta opioid receptor agonist, MP1104, attenuates chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. Neuropharmacology 2021; 185:108445. [PMID: 33383089 PMCID: PMC8344368 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Effective treatments for chronic pain without abuse liability are urgently needed. One in 5 adults suffer chronic pain and half of these patients report inefficient treatment. Mu opioid receptor agonists (MOP), including oxycodone, tramadol and morphine, are often prescribed to treat chronic pain, however, use of drugs targeting MOP can lead to drug dependency, tolerance and overdose deaths. Kappa opioid receptor (KOP) agonists have antinociceptive effects without abuse potential; however, they have not been utilised clinically due to dysphoria and sedation. We hypothesise that mixed opioid receptor agonists targeting the KOP and delta opioid receptor (DOP) would have a wider therapeutic index, with the rewarding effects of DOP negating the negative effects of KOP. MP1104, an analogue of 3-Iodobenzoyl naltrexamine, is a novel mixed opioid receptor agonist with potent antinociceptive effects mediated via KOP and DOP in mice without rewarding or aversive effects. In this study, we show MP1104 has potent, long-acting antinociceptive effects in the warm-water tail-withdrawal assay in male and female mice and rats; and is longer acting than morphine. In the paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain model in mice, MP1104 reduced both mechanical and cold allodynia and unlike morphine, did not produce tolerance when administered daily for 23 days. Moreover, MP1104 did not induce sedative effects in the open-field locomotor activity test, respiratory depression in mice using whole-body plethysmography, or have cross-tolerance with morphine. This data supports the therapeutic development of mixed opioid receptor agonists, particularly mixed KOP/DOP agonists, as non-addictive pain medications with reduced tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Vivian Atigari
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Kelly Frances Paton
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, New York, USA
| | - András Váradi
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, New York, USA
| | - Amy Frances Alder
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Brittany Scouller
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - John H Miller
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bronwyn Maree Kivell
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
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6
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Uprety R, Che T, Zaidi SA, Grinnell SG, Varga BR, Faouzi A, Slocum ST, Allaoa A, Varadi A, Nelson M, Bernhard SM, Kulko E, Le Rouzic V, Eans SO, Simons CA, Hunkele A, Subrath J, Pan YX, Javitch JA, McLaughlin JP, Roth BL, Pasternak GW, Katritch V, Majumdar S. Controlling opioid receptor functional selectivity by targeting distinct subpockets of the orthosteric site. eLife 2021; 10:e56519. [PMID: 33555255 PMCID: PMC7909954 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling receptor functional selectivity profiles for opioid receptors is a promising approach for discovering safer analgesics; however, the structural determinants conferring functional selectivity are not well understood. Here, we used crystal structures of opioid receptors, including the recently solved active state kappa opioid complex with MP1104, to rationally design novel mixed mu (MOR) and kappa (KOR) opioid receptor agonists with reduced arrestin signaling. Analysis of structure-activity relationships for new MP1104 analogs points to a region between transmembrane 5 (TM5) and extracellular loop (ECL2) as key for modulation of arrestin recruitment to both MOR and KOR. The lead compounds, MP1207 and MP1208, displayed MOR/KOR Gi-partial agonism with diminished arrestin signaling, showed efficient analgesia with attenuated liabilities, including respiratory depression and conditioned place preference and aversion in mice. The findings validate a novel structure-inspired paradigm for achieving beneficial in vivo profiles for analgesia through different mechanisms that include bias, partial agonism, and dual MOR/KOR agonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Uprety
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Tao Che
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North CarolinaChapel HillUnited States
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Saheem A Zaidi
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Steven G Grinnell
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & SurgeonsNew YorkUnited States
| | - Balázs R Varga
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Abdelfattah Faouzi
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Samuel T Slocum
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North CarolinaChapel HillUnited States
| | - Abdullah Allaoa
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - András Varadi
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Melissa Nelson
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & SurgeonsNew YorkUnited States
| | - Sarah M Bernhard
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Elizaveta Kulko
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & SurgeonsNew YorkUnited States
| | - Valerie Le Rouzic
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Shainnel O Eans
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Chloe A Simons
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Amanda Hunkele
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Joan Subrath
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Ying Xian Pan
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, New JerseyNewarkUnited States
| | - Jonathan A Javitch
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & SurgeonsNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jay P McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North CarolinaChapel HillUnited States
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
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7
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Faouzi A, Uprety R, Gomes I, Massaly N, Keresztes AI, Le Rouzic V, Gupta A, Zhang T, Yoon HJ, Ansonoff M, Allaoa A, Pan YX, Pintar J, Morón JA, Streicher JM, Devi LA, Majumdar S. Synthesis and Pharmacology of a Novel μ-δ Opioid Receptor Heteromer-Selective Agonist Based on the Carfentanyl Template. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13618-13637. [PMID: 33170687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we studied a series of carfentanyl amide-based opioid derivatives targeting the mu opioid receptor (μOR) and the delta opioid receptor (δOR) heteromer as a credible novel target in pain management therapy. We identified a lead compound named MP135 that exhibits high G-protein activity at μ-δ heteromers compared to the homomeric δOR or μOR and low β-arrestin2 recruitment activity at all three. Furthermore, MP135 exhibits distinct signaling profile, as compared to the previously identified agonist targeting μ-δ heteromers, CYM51010. Pharmacological characterization of MP135 supports the utility of this compound as a molecule that could be developed as an antinociceptive agent similar to morphine in rodents. In vivo characterization reveals that MP135 maintains untoward side effects such as respiratory depression and reward behavior; together, these results suggest that optimization of MP135 is necessary for the development of therapeutics that suppress the classical side effects associated with conventional clinical opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelfattah Faouzi
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ivone Gomes
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Nicolas Massaly
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Attila I Keresztes
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arkansas 85724, United States
| | - Valerie Le Rouzic
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Achla Gupta
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Tiffany Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Hye Jean Yoon
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Michael Ansonoff
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Abdullah Allaoa
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ying Xian Pan
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - John Pintar
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Jose A Morón
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States.,Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - John M Streicher
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arkansas 85724, United States
| | - Lakshmi A Devi
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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8
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Grinnell SG, Uprety R, Varadi A, Subrath J, Hunkele A, Pan YX, Pasternak GW, Majumdar S. Synthesis and Characterization of Azido Aryl Analogs of IBNtxA for Radio-Photoaffinity Labeling Opioid Receptors in Cell Lines and in Mouse Brain. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 41:977-993. [PMID: 32424771 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00867-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mu opioid receptors (MOR-1) mediate the biological actions of clinically used opioids such as morphine, oxycodone, and fentanyl. The mu opioid receptor gene, OPRM1, undergoes extensive alternative splicing, generating multiple splice variants. One type of splice variants are truncated variants containing only six transmembrane domains (6TM) that mediate the analgesic action of novel opioid drugs such as 3'-iodobenzoylnaltrexamide (IBNtxA). Previously, we have shown that IBNtxA is a potent analgesic effective in a spectrum of pain models but lacks many side-effects associated with traditional opiates. In order to investigate the targets labeled by IBNtxA, we synthesized two arylazido analogs of IBNtxA that allow photolabeling of mouse mu opioid receptors (mMOR-1) in transfected cell lines and mMOR-1 protein complexes that may comprise the 6TM sites in mouse brain. We demonstrate that both allyl and alkyne arylazido derivatives of IBNtxA efficiently radio-photolabeled mMOR-1 in cell lines and MOR-1 protein complexes expressed either exogenously or endogenously, as well as found in mouse brain. In future, design and application of such radio-photolabeling ligands with a conjugated handle will provide useful tools for further isolating or purifying MOR-1 to investigate site specific ligand-protein contacts and its signaling complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven G Grinnell
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andras Varadi
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joan Subrath
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amanda Hunkele
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ying Xian Pan
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.,Pharmacology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
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9
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Ulker E, Toma W, White A, Uprety R, Majumdar S, Damaj MI. The antinociceptive effects of a dual kappa-delta opioid receptor agonist in the mouse formalin test. Behav Pharmacol 2020; 31:174-178. [PMID: 32168026 PMCID: PMC7080317 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pain management is a challenging and unmet medical need. Despite their demonstrated efficacy, currently used opioid drugs and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are frequently associated with several adverse events. The identification of new and safe analgesics is therefore needed. MP1104, an analogue of 3'-iodobenzoyl naltrexamine, is a potent nonselective full agonist at mu (MOR), kappa (KOR), and delta (DOR) opioid receptors, respectively. It was shown to possess potent antinociceptive effects in acute thermal pain assays without aversion in mice. In this study, we investigated MP1104 in the formalin test, a model of tonic pain. MP1104 (0.05, 0.1, and 1.0 mg/kg) reduced pain-like behaviors in phases I and II of the formalin test in male and female ICR mice. Pretreatment with KOR antagonist (norbinaltorphimine 10 mg/kg) and DOR antagonist (naltrindole 10 mg/kg) abolished the antinociceptive effects of MP1104 in the formalin test. These findings support the development of MP1104 for further testing in other pain models.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics/pharmacology
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Female
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Morphinans/metabolism
- Morphinans/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Pain/drug therapy
- Pain Management/methods
- Pain Measurement/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Esad Ulker
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Translational Research Initiative for Pain and Neuropathy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Wisam Toma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Translational Research Initiative for Pain and Neuropathy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Alyssa White
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Translational Research Initiative for Pain and Neuropathy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- bDepartment of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- cCenter for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - M Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Translational Research Initiative for Pain and Neuropathy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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10
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Gutridge AM, Robins MT, Cassell RJ, Uprety R, Mores KL, Ko MJ, Pasternak GW, Majumdar S, van Rijn RM. G protein-biased kratom-alkaloids and synthetic carfentanil-amide opioids as potential treatments for alcohol use disorder. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:1497-1513. [PMID: 31705528 PMCID: PMC7060366 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mitragyna speciosa, more commonly known as kratom, is a plant that contains opioidergic alkaloids but is unregulated in most countries. Kratom is used in the self-medication of chronic pain and to reduce illicit and prescription opioid dependence. Kratom may be less dangerous than typical opioids because of the stronger preference of kratom alkaloids to induce receptor interaction with G proteins over β-arrestin proteins. We hypothesized that kratom (alkaloids) can also reduce alcohol intake. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We pharmacologically characterized kratom extracts, kratom alkaloids (mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, paynantheine, and speciogynine) and synthetic carfentanil-amide opioids for their ability to interact with G proteins and β-arrestin at μ, δ, and κ opioid receptors in vitro. We used C57BL/6 mice to assess to which degree these opioids could reduce alcohol intake and whether they had rewarding properties. KEY RESULTS Kratom alkaloids were strongly G protein-biased at all three opioid receptors and reduced alcohol intake, but kratom and 7-hydroxymitragynine were rewarding. Several results indicated a key role for δ opioid receptors, including that the synthetic carfentanil-amide opioid MP102-a G protein-biased agonist with modest selectivity for δ opioid receptors-reduced alcohol intake, whereas the G protein-biased μ opioid agonist TRV130 did not. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our results suggest that kratom extracts can decrease alcohol intake but still carry significant risk upon prolonged use. Development of more δ opioid-selective synthetic opioids may provide a safer option than kratom to treat alcohol use disorder with fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Gutridge
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Meridith T Robins
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Robert J Cassell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kendall L Mores
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Mee Jung Ko
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Purdue Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Richard M van Rijn
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Purdue Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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11
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Kruegel A, Uprety R, Grinnell SG, Langreck C, Pekarskaya EA, Le Rouzic V, Ansonoff M, Gassaway MM, Pintar JE, Pasternak GW, Javitch JA, Majumdar S, Sames D. 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects. ACS Cent Sci 2019; 5:992-1001. [PMID: 31263758 PMCID: PMC6598159 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Mitragyna speciosa, more commonly known as kratom, is a plant native to Southeast Asia, the leaves of which have been used traditionally as a stimulant, analgesic, and treatment for opioid addiction. Recently, growing use of the plant in the United States and concerns that kratom represents an uncontrolled drug with potential abuse liability, have highlighted the need for more careful study of its pharmacological activity. The major active alkaloid found in kratom, mitragynine, has been reported to have opioid agonist and analgesic activity in vitro and in animal models, consistent with the purported effects of kratom leaf in humans. However, preliminary research has provided some evidence that mitragynine and related compounds may act as atypical opioid agonists, inducing therapeutic effects such as analgesia, while limiting the negative side effects typical of classical opioids. Here we report evidence that an active metabolite plays an important role in mediating the analgesic effects of mitragynine. We find that mitragynine is converted in vitro in both mouse and human liver preparations to the much more potent mu-opioid receptor agonist 7-hydroxymitragynine and that this conversion is mediated by cytochrome P450 3A isoforms. Further, we show that 7-hydroxymitragynine is formed from mitragynine in mice and that brain concentrations of this metabolite are sufficient to explain most or all of the opioid-receptor-mediated analgesic activity of mitragynine. At the same time, mitragynine is found in the brains of mice at very high concentrations relative to its opioid receptor binding affinity, suggesting that it does not directly activate opioid receptors. The results presented here provide a metabolism-dependent mechanism for the analgesic effects of mitragynine and clarify the importance of route of administration for determining the activity of this compound. Further, they raise important questions about the interpretation of existing data on mitragynine and highlight critical areas for further research in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew
C. Kruegel
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Department
of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Steven G. Grinnell
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Cory Langreck
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Pekarskaya
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Valerie Le Rouzic
- Department
of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Michael Ansonoff
- Department
of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers
Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Madalee M. Gassaway
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - John E. Pintar
- Department
of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers
Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Gavril W. Pasternak
- Department
of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Jonathan A. Javitch
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Division
of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State
Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Department
of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Center
for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College
of Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Dalibor Sames
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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12
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Gutridge AM, Robins MT, Cassell RJ, Uprety R, Mores KL, Ko MJ, Pasternak GW, Majumdar S, Rijn RM. Therapeutic Potential of G‐protein‐Biased Kratom‐Derived and Synthetic Carfentanil‐Amide Opioids for Alcohol Use Disorder. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.498.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Gutridge
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN
| | - Meridith T Robins
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN
| | - Robert J Cassell
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Neurology and Molecular PharmacologyMemorial Sloan Cancer CenterNew YorkNY
- St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of MedicineCenter for Clinical PharmacologySt. LouisMO
| | - Kendall L Mores
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN
| | - Mee Jung Ko
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN
- Purdue Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate ProgramPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Neurology and Molecular PharmacologyMemorial Sloan Cancer CenterNew YorkNY
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Neurology and Molecular PharmacologyMemorial Sloan Cancer CenterNew YorkNY
- St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of MedicineCenter for Clinical PharmacologySt. LouisMO
| | - Richard M Rijn
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN
- Purdue Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate ProgramPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN
- Purdue Institute for Drug DiscoveryWest LafayetteIN
- Purdue Institute for Integrative NeuroscienceWest LafayetteIN
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13
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Uprety R, Váradi A, Allaoa A, Redel-Traub GN, Palmer TC, Feinberg EN, Ferris AC, Pande VS, Pasternak GW, Majumdar S. Synthesis of spiro-2,6-dioxopiperazine and spiro-2,6-dioxopyrazine scaffolds using amino acids in a three-component reaction to generate potential Sigma-1 (σ 1) receptor selective ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 164:241-251. [PMID: 30597325 PMCID: PMC6361672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A library-friendly approach to generate new scaffolds is decisive for the development of molecular probes, drug like molecules and preclinical entities. Here, we present the design and synthesis of novel heterocycles with spiro-2,6-dioxopiperazine and spiro-2,6-pyrazine scaffolds through a three-component reaction using various amino acids, ketones, and isocyanides. Screening of select compounds over fifty CNS receptors including G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), ion channels, transporters, and enzymes through the NIMH psychoactive drug screening program indicated that a novel spiro-2,6-dioxopyrazine scaffold, UVM147, displays high binding affinity at sigma-1 (σ1) receptor in the nanomolar range. In addition, molecular docking of UVM147 at the human σ1 receptor have shown that it resides in the same binding site that was occupied by the ligand 4-IBP used to obtain a crystal structure of the human sigma-1 (σ1) receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Uprety
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - András Váradi
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Abdullah Allaoa
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Gabriel N Redel-Traub
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Travis C Palmer
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Evan N Feinberg
- Biophysics Program and Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alex C Ferris
- Bioengineering Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vijay S Pande
- Biophysics Program and Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA; Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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14
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Atigari DV, Uprety R, Pasternak GW, Majumdar S, Kivell BM. MP1104, a mixed kappa-delta opioid receptor agonist has anti-cocaine properties with reduced side-effects in rats. Neuropharmacology 2019; 150:217-228. [PMID: 30768946 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Kappa opioid receptor (KOPr) agonists have preclinical anti-cocaine and antinociceptive effects. However, adverse effects including dysphoria, aversion, sedation, anxiety and depression limit their clinical development. MP1104, an analogue of 3-iodobenzoyl naltrexamine, is a potent dual agonist at KOPr and delta opioid receptor (DOPr), with full agonist efficacy at both these receptors. In this study, we evaluate the ability of MP1104 to modulate cocaine-induced behaviors and side-effects preclinically. In male Sprague-Dawley rats trained to self-administer cocaine, MP1104 (0.3 and 1 mg/kg) reduced cocaine-primed reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior and caused significant downward shift of the dose-response curve in cocaine self-administration tests (0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg). The anti-cocaine effects exerted by MP1104 are in part due to increased dopamine (DA) uptake by the dopamine transporter (DAT) in the dorsal striatum (dStr) and nucleus accumbens (NAc). MP1104 (0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg) showed no significant anxiogenic effects in the elevated plus maze, pro-depressive effects in the forced swim test, or conditioned place aversion. Furthermore, pre-treatment with a DOPr antagonist, led to MP1104 producing aversive effects. This data suggests that the DOPr agonist actions of MP1104 attenuate the KOPr-mediated aversive effects of MP1104. The overall results from this study show that MP1104, modulates DA uptake in the dStr and NAc, and exerts potent anti-cocaine properties in self-administration tests with reduced side-effects compared to pure KOPr agonists. This data supports the therapeutic development of dual KOPr/DOPr agonists to reduce the side-effects of selective KOPr agonists. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Opioid Neuropharmacology: Advances in treating pain and opioid addiction'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana V Atigari
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, New York, USA
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, New York, USA
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, New York, USA; Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bronwyn M Kivell
- School of Biological Sciences, Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
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15
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Luo J, Arbely E, Zhang J, Chou C, Uprety R, Chin JW, Deiters A. Genetically encoded optical activation of DNA recombination in human cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:8529-32. [PMID: 27277957 PMCID: PMC5048445 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03934k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We developed two tightly regulated, light-activated Cre recombinase enzymes through site-specific incorporation of two genetically-encoded photocaged amino acids in human cells. Excellent optical off to on switching of DNA recombination was achieved. Furthermore, we demonstrated precise spatial control of Cre recombinase through patterned illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
| | - E Arbely
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge CB20QH, UK and Department of Chemistry and The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - C Chou
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - R Uprety
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - J W Chin
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge CB20QH, UK
| | - A Deiters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
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16
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Che T, Majumdar S, Zaidi SA, Ondachi P, McCorvy JD, Wang S, Mosier PD, Uprety R, Vardy E, Krumm BE, Han GW, Lee MY, Pardon E, Steyaert J, Huang XP, Strachan RT, Tribo AR, Pasternak GW, Carroll FI, Stevens RC, Cherezov V, Katritch V, Wacker D, Roth BL. Structure of the Nanobody-Stabilized Active State of the Kappa Opioid Receptor. Cell 2018; 172:55-67.e15. [PMID: 29307491 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The κ-opioid receptor (KOP) mediates the actions of opioids with hallucinogenic, dysphoric, and analgesic activities. The design of KOP analgesics devoid of hallucinatory and dysphoric effects has been hindered by an incomplete structural and mechanistic understanding of KOP agonist actions. Here, we provide a crystal structure of human KOP in complex with the potent epoxymorphinan opioid agonist MP1104 and an active-state-stabilizing nanobody. Comparisons between inactive- and active-state opioid receptor structures reveal substantial conformational changes in the binding pocket and intracellular and extracellular regions. Extensive structural analysis and experimental validation illuminate key residues that propagate larger-scale structural rearrangements and transducer binding that, collectively, elucidate the structural determinants of KOP pharmacology, function, and biased signaling. These molecular insights promise to accelerate the structure-guided design of safer and more effective κ-opioid receptor therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Che
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Saheem A Zaidi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Pauline Ondachi
- Center for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - John D McCorvy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Philip D Mosier
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonweath University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eyal Vardy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Brian E Krumm
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Gye Won Han
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ming-Yue Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; School of Molecular Sciences, Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; Institute of Natural Resources and Environmental Audits, Nanjing Audit University, Nanjing, China
| | - Els Pardon
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan Steyaert
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ryan T Strachan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alexandra R Tribo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - F Ivy Carroll
- Center for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Raymond C Stevens
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Vadim Cherezov
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Daniel Wacker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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17
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Baumann MH, Majumdar S, Le Rouzic V, Hunkele A, Uprety R, Huang XP, Xu J, Roth BL, Pan YX, Pasternak GW. Pharmacological characterization of novel synthetic opioids (NSO) found in the recreational drug marketplace. Neuropharmacology 2017; 134:101-107. [PMID: 28807672 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Novel synthetic opioids (NSO) are increasingly encountered in illicit heroin and counterfeit pain pills. Many NSO are resurrected from older biomedical literature or patent applications, so limited information is available about their biological effects. Here we examined the pharmacology of three structurally-distinct NSO found in the recreational drug market: N-(1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylbutyramide (butyrylfentanyl), 3,4-dichloro-N-[(1R,2R)-2-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-methylbenzamide (U-47700) and 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (MT-45). Radioligand binding and GTPγS functional assays were carried out in cells transfected with murine mu- (MOR-1), delta- (DOR-1) or kappa-opioid receptors (KOR-1). Antinociceptive effects were determined using the radiant heat tail flick technique in mice, and opioid specificity was assessed with the mu-opioid antagonist naloxone. Butyrylfentanyl, U-47700 and MT-45 displayed nM affinities at MOR-1, but were less potent than morphine, and had much weaker effects at DOR-1 and KOR-1. All NSO exhibited agonist actions at MOR-1 in the GTPγS assay. Butyrylfentanyl and U-47700 were 31- and 12-fold more potent than morphine in the tail flick assay, whereas MT-45 was equipotent with morphine. Analgesic effects were reversed by naloxone and absent in genetically-engineered mice lacking MOR-1. Our findings confirm that butyrylfentanyl, U-47700 and MT-45 are selective MOR-1 agonists with in vitro affinities less than morphine. However, analgesic potencies vary more than 30-fold across the compounds, and in vitro binding affinity does not predict in vivo potency. Taken together, our findings highlight the risks to humans who may unknowingly be exposed to these and other NSO when taking adulterated heroin or counterfeit pain medications. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Designer Drugs and Legal Highs.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Baumann
- Designer Drug Research Unit, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Valerie Le Rouzic
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Amanda Hunkele
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Xi Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ying-Xian Pan
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
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18
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Hemphill J, Liu Q, Uprety R, Samanta S, Tsang M, Juliano RL, Deiters A. Conditional control of alternative splicing through light-triggered splice-switching oligonucleotides. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3656-62. [PMID: 25734836 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The spliceosome machinery is composed of several proteins and multiple small RNA molecules that are involved in gene regulation through the removal of introns from pre-mRNAs in order to assemble exon-based mRNA containing protein-coding sequences. Splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs) are genetic control elements that can be used to specifically control the expression of genes through correction of aberrant splicing pathways. A current limitation with SSO methodologies is the inability to achieve conditional control of their function paired with high spatial and temporal resolution. We addressed this limitation through site-specific installation of light-removable nucleobase-caging groups as well as photocleavable backbone linkers into synthetic SSOs. This enables optochemical OFF → ON and ON → OFF switching of their activity and thus precise control of alternative splicing. The use of light as a regulatory element allows for tight spatial and temporal control of splice switching in mammalian cells and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Hemphill
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States.,‡Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Qingyang Liu
- ‡Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- ‡Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Subhas Samanta
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Michael Tsang
- §Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Rudolph L Juliano
- ∥Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Alexander Deiters
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States.,‡Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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19
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Luo J, Uprety R, Naro Y, Chou C, Nguyen DP, Chin JW, Deiters A. Genetically encoded optochemical probes for simultaneous fluorescence reporting and light activation of protein function with two-photon excitation. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:15551-8. [PMID: 25341086 PMCID: PMC4333581 DOI: 10.1021/ja5055862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The site-specific
incorporation of three new coumarin lysine analogues
into proteins was achieved in bacterial and mammalian cells using
an engineered pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase system. The genetically encoded
coumarin lysines were successfully applied as fluorescent cellular
probes for protein localization and for the optical activation of
protein function. As a proof-of-principle, photoregulation of firefly
luciferase was achieved in live cells by caging a key lysine residue,
and excellent OFF to ON light-switching ratios were observed. Furthermore,
two-photon and single-photon optochemical control of EGFP maturation
was demonstrated, enabling the use of different, potentially orthogonal
excitation wavelengths (365, 405, and 760 nm) for the sequential activation
of protein function in live cells. These results demonstrate that
coumarin lysines are a new and valuable class of optical probes that
can be used for the investigation and regulation of protein structure,
dynamics, function, and localization in live cells. The small size
of coumarin, the site-specific incorporation, the application as both
a light-activated caging group and as a fluorescent probe, and the
broad range of excitation wavelengths are advantageous over other
genetically encoded photocontrol systems and provide a precise and
multifunctional tool for cellular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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20
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Abstract
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Controlled manipulation of proteins
and their function is important
in almost all biological disciplines. Here, we demonstrate control
of protein activity with light. We present two different applications—light-triggered
transcription and light-triggered protease cleavage—both based
on the same concept of protein mislocation, followed by optochemically
triggered translocation to an active cellular compartment. In our
approach, we genetically encode a photocaged lysine into the nuclear
localization signal (NLS) of the transcription factor SATB1. This
blocks nuclear import of the protein until illumination induces caging
group removal and release of the protein into the nucleus. In the
first application, prepending this NLS to the transcription factor
FOXO3 allows us to optochemically switch on its transcription activity.
The second application uses the developed light-activated NLS to control
nuclear import of TEV protease and subsequent cleavage of nuclear
proteins containing TEV cleavage sites. The small size of the light-controlled
NLS (only 20 amino acids) minimizes impact of its insertion on protein
function and promises a general approach to a wide range of optochemical
applications. Since the light-activated NLS is genetically encoded
and optically triggered, it will prove useful to address a variety
of problems requiring spatial and temporal control of protein function,
for example, in stem-cell, developmental, and cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Engelke
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstraße 11, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Chungjung Chou
- Department
of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Department
of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Phillip Jess
- Department
of Physics and MCB, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alexander Deiters
- Department
of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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21
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Reschke ML, Uprety R, Bodhinayake I, Banu M, Boockvar JA, Sauve AA. Multifunctionalization of cetuximab with bioorthogonal chemistries and parallel EGFR profiling of cell-lines using imaging, FACS and immunoprecipitation approaches. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014; 1844:2182-92. [PMID: 25091197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ability to derivatize antibodies is currently limited by the chemical structure of antibodies as polypeptides. Modern methods of bioorthogonal and biocompatible chemical modifications could make antibody functionalization more predictable and easier, without compromising the functions of the antibody. To explore this concept, we modified the well-known anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) drug, cetuximab (Erbitux®), with 5-azido-2-nitro-benzoyl (ANB) modifications by optimization of an acylation protocol. We then show that the resulting ANB-cetuximab can be reliably modified with dyes (TAMRA and carboxyrhodamine) or a novel synthesized cyclooctyne modified biotin. The resulting dye- and biotin-modified cetuximabs were then tested across several assay platforms with several cell lines including U87, LN229, F98EGFR, F98WT and HEK293 cells. The assay platforms included fluorescence microscopy, FACS and biotin-avidin based immunoprecipitation methods. The modified antibody performs consistently in all of these assay platforms, reliably determining relative abundances of EGFR expression on EGFR expressing cells (LN229 and F98EGFR) and failing to cross react with weak to negative EGFR expressing cells (U87, F98WT and HEK293). The ease of achieving diverse and assay relevant functionalizations as well as the consequent rapid construction of highly correlated antigen expression data sets highlights the power of bioorthogonal and biocompatible methods to conjugate macromolecules. These data provide a proof of concept for a multifunctionalization strategy that leverages the biochemical versatility and antigen specificity of antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie L Reschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Imithri Bodhinayake
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Matei Banu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - John A Boockvar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anthony A Sauve
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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22
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Uprety R, Luo J, Liu J, Naro Y, Samanta S, Deiters A. Genetic Encoding of Caged Cysteine and Caged Homocysteine in Bacterial and Mammalian Cells. Chembiochem 2014; 15:1793-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201400073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Abstract
![]()
In
cell and molecular biology, double-stranded circular DNA constructs,
known as plasmids, are extensively used to express a gene of interest.
These gene expression systems rely on a specific promoter region to
drive the transcription of genes either constitutively (i.e., in a
continually “ON” state) or conditionally (i.e., in response
to a specific transcription initiator). However, controlling plasmid-based
expression with high spatial and temporal resolution in cellular environments
and in multicellular organisms remains challenging. To overcome this
limitation, we have site-specifically installed nucleobase-caging
groups within a plasmid promoter region to enable optochemical control
of transcription and, thus, gene expression, via photolysis of the
caging groups. Through the light-responsive modification of plasmid-based
gene expression systems, we have demonstrated optochemical activation
of an exogenous fluorescent reporter gene in both tissue culture and
a live animal model, as well as light-induced overexpression of an
endogenous signaling protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Hemphill
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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24
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Govan JM, Uprety R, Thomas M, Lusic H, Lively MO, Deiters A. Cellular delivery and photochemical activation of antisense agents through a nucleobase caging strategy. ACS Chem Biol 2013; 8:2272-82. [PMID: 23915424 DOI: 10.1021/cb400293e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Antisense oligonucleotides are powerful tools to regulate gene expression in cells and model organisms. However, a transfection or microinjection is typically needed for efficient delivery of the antisense agent. We report the conjugation of multiple HIV TAT peptides to a hairpin-protected antisense agent through a light-cleavable nucleobase caging group. This conjugation allows for the facile delivery of the antisense agent without a transfection reagent, and photochemical activation offers precise control over gene expression. The developed approach is highly modular, as demonstrated by the conjugation of folic acid to the caged antisense agent. This enabled targeted cell delivery through cell-surface folate receptors followed by photochemical triggering of antisense activity. Importantly, the presented strategy delivers native oligonucleotides after light-activation, devoid of any delivery functionalities or modifications that could otherwise impair their antisense activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeane M. Govan
- North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, Raleigh,
North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, Raleigh,
North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Meryl Thomas
- North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, Raleigh,
North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Hrvoje Lusic
- North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, Raleigh,
North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Mark O. Lively
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Center for Structural Biology, Winston-Salem,
North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Alexander Deiters
- North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, Raleigh,
North Carolina 27695, United States
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25
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Connelly CM, Uprety R, Hemphill J, Deiters A. Spatiotemporal control of microRNA function using light-activated antagomirs. Mol Biosyst 2013; 8:2987-93. [PMID: 22945263 DOI: 10.1039/c2mb25175b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional gene regulators and have been shown to regulate many biological processes including embryonal development, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and proliferation. Variations in the expression of certain miRNAs have been linked to a wide range of human diseases - especially cancer - and the diversity of miRNA targets suggests that they are involved in various cellular networks. Several tools have been developed to control the function of individual miRNAs and have been applied to study their biogenesis, biological role, and therapeutic potential; however, common methods lack a precise level of control that allows for the study of miRNA function with high spatial and temporal resolution. Light-activated miRNA antagomirs for mature miR-122 and miR-21 were developed through the site-specific installation of caging groups on the bases of selected nucleotides. Installation of caged nucleotides led to complete inhibition of the antagomir-miRNA hybridization and thus inactivation of antagomir function. The miRNA-inhibitory activity of the caged antagomirs was fully restored upon decaging through a brief UV irradiation. The synthesized antagomirs were applied to the photochemical regulation of miRNA function in mammalian cells. Moreover, spatial control over antagomir activity was obtained in mammalian cells through localized UV exposure. The presented approach enables the precise regulation of miRNA function and miRNA networks with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution using UV irradiation and can be extended to any miRNA of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M Connelly
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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26
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Govan JM, Uprety R, Hemphill J, Lively MO, Deiters A. Regulation of transcription through light-activation and light-deactivation of triplex-forming oligonucleotides in mammalian cells. ACS Chem Biol 2012; 7:1247-56. [PMID: 22540192 DOI: 10.1021/cb300161r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) are efficient tools to regulate gene expression through the inhibition of transcription. Here, nucleobase-caging technology was applied to the temporal regulation of transcription through light-activated TFOs. Through site-specific incorporation of caged thymidine nucleotides, the TFO:DNA triplex formation is blocked, rendering the TFO inactive. However, after a brief UV irradiation, the caging groups are removed, activating the TFO and leading to the inhibition of transcription. Furthermore, the synthesis and site-specific incorporation of caged deoxycytidine nucleotides within TFO inhibitor sequences was developed, allowing for the light-deactivation of TFO function and thus photochemical activation of gene expression. After UV-induced removal of the caging groups, the TFO forms a DNA dumbbell structure, rendering it inactive, releasing it from the DNA, and activating transcription. These are the first examples of light-regulated TFOs and their application in the photochemical activation and deactivation of gene expression. In addition, hairpin loop structures were found to significantly increase the efficacy of phosphodiester DNA-based TFOs in tissue culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeane M. Govan
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
27695, United States
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
27695, United States
| | - James Hemphill
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
27695, United States
| | - Mark O. Lively
- Center
for Structural Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem,
North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Alexander Deiters
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
27695, United States
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27
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Hancock SM, Uprety R, Deiters A, Chin JW. Expanding the genetic code of yeast for incorporation of diverse unnatural amino acids via a pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pair. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 132:14819-24. [PMID: 20925334 PMCID: PMC2956376 DOI: 10.1021/ja104609m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We report the discovery of a simple system through which variant pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA(CUA Pyl) pairs created in Escherichia coli can be used to expand the genetic code of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In the process we have solved the key challenges of producing a functional tRNA(CUA Pyl) in yeast and discovered a pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA(CUA Pyl) pair that is orthogonal in yeast. Using our approach we have incorporated an alkyne-containing amino acid for click chemistry, an important post-translationally modified amino acid and one of its analogs, a photocaged amino acid and a photo-cross-linking amino acid into proteins in yeast. Extensions of our approach will allow the growing list of useful amino acids that have been incorporated in E. coli with variant pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA(CUA Pyl) pairs to be site-specifically incorporated into proteins in yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Hancock
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
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28
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29
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Lusic H, Uprety R, Deiters A. Improved synthesis of the two-photon caging group 3-nitro-2-ethyldibenzofuran and its application to a caged thymidine phosphoramidite. Org Lett 2010; 12:916-9. [PMID: 20112966 DOI: 10.1021/ol902807q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new and efficient route to the recently reported 3-nitro-2-ethyldibenzofuran caging group was developed. Furthermore, its installation on a thymidine phosphoramidite is described. This caging group is efficiently removed through light-irradiation at 365 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrvoje Lusic
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
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