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Abstract
The fields of biomedical nanotechnology and theranostics have enjoyed exponential growth in recent years. The "Molecular Imaging in Nanotechnology and Theranostics" (MINT) Interest Group of the World Molecular Imaging Society (WMIS) was created in order to provide a more organized and focused forum on these topics within the WMIS and at the World Molecular Imaging Conference (WMIC). The interest group was founded in 2015 and was officially inaugurated during the 2016 WMIC. The overarching goal of MINT is to bring together the many scientists who work on molecular imaging approaches using nanotechnology and those that work on theranostic agents. MINT therefore represents scientists, labs, and institutes that are very diverse in their scientific backgrounds and areas of expertise, reflecting the wide array of materials and approaches that drive these fields. In this short review, we attempt to provide a condensed overview over some of the key areas covered by MINT. Given the breadth of the fields and the given space constraints, we have limited the coverage to the realm of nanoconstructs, although theranostics is certainly not limited to this domain. We will also focus only on the most recent developments of the last 3-5 years, in order to provide the reader with an intuition of what is "in the pipeline" and has potential for clinical translation in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysafis Andreou
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Suchetan Pal
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Lara Rotter
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jiang Yang
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Moritz F Kircher
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nanotechnology (CMINT), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Schmohl KA, Gupta A, Grünwald GK, Trajkovic-Arsic M, Klutz K, Braren R, Schwaiger M, Nelson PJ, Ogris M, Wagner E, Siveke JT, Spitzweg C. Imaging and targeted therapy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma using the theranostic sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene. Oncotarget 2017; 8:33393-33404. [PMID: 28380420 PMCID: PMC5464876 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The theranostic sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene allows detailed molecular imaging of transgene expression and application of therapeutic radionuclides. As a crucial step towards clinical application, we investigated tumor specificity and transfection efficiency of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted polyplexes as systemic NIS gene delivery vehicles in an advanced genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) that closely reflects human disease. PDAC was induced in mice by pancreas-specific activation of constitutively active KrasG12D and deletion of Trp53. We used tumor-targeted polyplexes (LPEI-PEG-GE11/NIS) based on linear polyethylenimine, shielded by polyethylene glycol and coupled with the EGFR-specific peptide ligand GE11, to target a NIS-expressing plasmid to high EGFR-expressing PDAC. In vitro iodide uptake studies in cell explants from murine EGFR-positive and EGFR-ablated PDAC lesions demonstrated high transfection efficiency and EGFR-specificity of LPEI-PEG-GE11/NIS. In vivo 123I gamma camera imaging and three-dimensional high-resolution 124I PET showed significant tumor-specific accumulation of radioiodide after systemic LPEI-PEG-GE11/NIS injection. Administration of 131I in LPEI-PEG-GE11/NIS-treated mice resulted in significantly reduced tumor growth compared to controls as determined by magnetic resonance imaging, though survival was not significantly prolonged. This study opens the exciting prospect of NIS-mediated radionuclide imaging and therapy of PDAC after systemic non-viral NIS gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin A. Schmohl
- Department of Internal Medicine II and IV, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Aayush Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Geoffrey K. Grünwald
- Department of Internal Medicine II and IV, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marija Trajkovic-Arsic
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Klutz
- Department of Internal Medicine II and IV, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rickmer Braren
- Department of Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaiger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter J. Nelson
- Clinical Biochemistry Group, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Manfred Ogris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Center for System-Based Drug Research and Center for Nanoscience, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens T. Siveke
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christine Spitzweg
- Department of Internal Medicine II and IV, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Li B, Li Q, Mo J, Dai H. Drug-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles for Cancer Stem Cell Targeting. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:51. [PMID: 28261093 PMCID: PMC5306366 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been reported to play critical roles in tumor initiation, propagation, and regeneration of cancer. Nano-size vehicles are employed to deliver drugs to target the CSCs for cancer therapy. Polymeric nanoparticles have been considered as the most efficient vehicles for drug delivery due to their excellent pharmacokinetic properties. The CSCs specific antibodies or ligands can be conjugated onto the surface or interior of nanoparticles to successfully target and finally eliminate CSCs. In this review, we focus on the approaches of polymeric nanoparticles design for loading drug, and their potential application for CSCs targeting in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan, China
- Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei ProvinceWuhan, China
| | - Qinghua Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical UniversityGuilin, China
| | - Jingxin Mo
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of EducationGuangzhou, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Honglian Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan, China
- Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei ProvinceWuhan, China
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Li M, Zhang W, Wang B, Gao Y, Song Z, Zheng QC. Ligand-based targeted therapy: a novel strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:5645-5669. [PMID: 27920520 PMCID: PMC5127222 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s115727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Chemotherapy is recommended to patients with intermediate or advanced stage cancer. However, the conventional chemotherapy yields low desired response rates due to multidrug resistance, fast clearance rate, nonspecific delivery, severe side effects, low drug concentration in cancer cells, and so on. Nanoparticle-mediated targeted drug delivery system can surmount the aforementioned obstacles through enhanced permeability and retention effect and active targeting as a novel approach of therapeutics for HCC in recent years. The active targeting is triggered by ligands on the delivery system, which recognize with and internalize into hepatoma cells with high specificity and efficiency. This review focuses on the latest targeted delivery systems for HCC and summarizes the ligands that can enhance the capacity of active targeting, to provide some insight into future research in nanomedicine for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital
| | - Weiyue Zhang
- The First Clinic Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Birong Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Puai Hospital, Wuhan, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital
| | - Zifang Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital
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Fang XB, Xu YQ, Chan HF, Wang CM, Zheng Q, Xiao F, Chen MW. A Redox-Sensitive and RAGE-Targeting Nanocarrier for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:3613-3625. [PMID: 27768322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Most current therapeutic agents lack the tumor-targeting efficiency and result in a nonselective biodistribution in the body. In our previous study, we identified a peptide Ala-Pro-Asp-Thr-Lys-Thr-Gln (APDTKTQ) that can selectively bind to the receptor of advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), an immunoglobulin superfamily cell surface molecule overexpressed during HCC malignant progression. Here, we report the design of a mixed micelles system modified with this peptide to target HCC cells. Specifically, we modified Pluronic F68 (F68) with APDTKTQ (F68-APDTKTQ), and we conjugated d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) by a disulfide linker (TPGS-S-S-PLGA). We mixed TPGS-S-S-PLGA and F68-APDTKTQ (TSP/FP) to form a micelle, followed by the loading of oridonin (ORI). The prepared micelles showed a homogeneously spherical shape without aggregation, triggered an increased cellular uptake, and induced apoptosis in more cells than did the free ORI. Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential of this APDTKTQ-modified ORI-loaded TSP/FP mixed micelle system as a promising strategy for HCC-targeting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macau 999078, China
| | - Ying-Qi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macau 999078, China
| | - Hon-Fai Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Chun-Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macau 999078, China
| | | | | | - Mei-Wan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macau 999078, China
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56
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Liu L, Wang H, Liu Q, Duan M, Dong X, Zhu D, Zhu Y, Leng X. Biodistribution of TAT-LHRH conjugated chitosan/DNA nanoparticles in the mice bearing hepatoma xenografts. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:2394-400. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lanxia Liu
- Lab of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Hai Wang
- Lab of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Gynecology; Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics; Tianjin 300100 China
| | - Mingli Duan
- Department of Stomatology; Tianjin First Central Hospital; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Xia Dong
- Lab of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Dunwan Zhu
- Lab of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Yingjun Zhu
- Department of Gynecology; Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics; Tianjin 300100 China
| | - Xigang Leng
- Lab of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Tianjin 300192 China
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Urnauer S, Morys S, Krhac Levacic A, Müller AM, Schug C, Schmohl KA, Schwenk N, Zach C, Carlsen J, Bartenstein P, Wagner E, Spitzweg C. Sequence-defined cMET/HGFR-targeted Polymers as Gene Delivery Vehicles for the Theranostic Sodium Iodide Symporter (NIS) Gene. Mol Ther 2016; 24:1395-404. [PMID: 27157666 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2016.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The sodium iodide symporter (NIS) as well-characterized theranostic gene represents an outstanding tool to target different cancer types allowing noninvasive imaging of functional NIS expression and therapeutic radioiodide application. Based on its overexpression on the surface of most cancer types, the cMET/hepatocyte growth factor receptor serves as ideal target for tumor-selective gene delivery. Sequence-defined polymers as nonviral gene delivery vehicles comprising polyethylene glycol (PEG) and cationic (oligoethanoamino) amide cores coupled with a cMET-binding peptide (cMBP2) were complexed with NIS-DNA and tested for receptor-specificity, transduction efficiency, and therapeutic efficacy in hepatocellular cancer cells HuH7. In vitro iodide uptake studies demonstrated high transduction efficiency and cMET-specificity of NIS-encoding polyplexes (cMBP2-PEG-Stp/NIS) compared to polyplexes without targeting ligand (Ala-PEG-Stp/NIS) and without coding DNA (cMBP2-PEG-Stp/Antisense-NIS). Tumor recruitment and vector biodistribution were investigated in vivo in a subcutaneous xenograft mouse model showing high tumor-selective iodide accumulation in cMBP2-PEG-Stp/NIS-treated mice (6.6 ± 1.6% ID/g (123)I, biological half-life 3 hours) by (123)I-scintigraphy. Therapy studies with three cycles of polyplexes and (131)I application resulted in significant delay in tumor growth and prolonged survival. These data demonstrate the enormous potential of cMET-targeted sequence-defined polymers combined with the unique theranostic function of NIS allowing for optimized transfection efficiency while eliminating toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Urnauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Morys
- Department of Pharmacy, Center of Drug Research, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ana Krhac Levacic
- Department of Pharmacy, Center of Drug Research, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea M Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine II, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Schug
- Department of Internal Medicine II, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Christian Zach
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Ernst Wagner
- Department of Pharmacy, Center of Drug Research, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Williford JM, Archang MM, Minn I, Ren Y, Wo M, Vandermark J, Fisher PB, Pomper MG, Mao HQ. Critical Length of PEG Grafts on lPEI/DNA Nanoparticles for Efficient in Vivo Delivery. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:567-578. [PMID: 27088129 PMCID: PMC4829937 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Nanoparticle-mediated
gene delivery is a promising alternative
to viral methods; however, its use in vivo, particularly following
systemic injection, has suffered from poor delivery efficiency. Although
PEGylation of nanoparticles has been successfully demonstrated as
a strategy to enhance colloidal stability, its success in improving
delivery efficiency has been limited, largely due to reduced cell
binding and uptake, leading to poor transfection efficiency. Here
we identified an optimized PEGylation scheme for DNA micellar nanoparticles
that delivers balanced colloidal stability and transfection activity.
Using linear polyethylenimine (lPEI)-g-PEG as a carrier,
we characterized the effect of graft length and density of polyethylene
glycol (PEG) on nanoparticle assembly, micelle stability, and gene
delivery efficiency. Through variation of PEG grafting degree, lPEI
with short PEG grafts (molecular weight, MW 500–700 Da) generated
micellar nanoparticles with various shapes including spherical, rodlike,
and wormlike nanoparticles. DNA micellar nanoparticles prepared with
short PEG grafts showed comparable colloidal stability in salt and
serum-containing media to those prepared with longer PEG grafts (MW
2 kDa). Corresponding to this trend, nanoparticles prepared with short
PEG grafts displayed significantly higher in vitro transfection efficiency
compared to those with longer PEG grafts. More importantly, short
PEG grafts permitted marked increase in transfection efficiency following
ligand conjugation to the PEG terminal in metastatic prostate cancer-bearing
mice. This study identifies that lPEI-g-PEG with
short PEG grafts (MW 500–700 Da) is the most effective to ensure
shape control and deliver high colloidal stability, transfection activity,
and ligand effect for DNA nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo following
intravenous administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- John-Michael Williford
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States; Institute for NanoBioTechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Maani M Archang
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States; Institute for NanoBioTechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Il Minn
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions , 601 N. Caroline Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Yong Ren
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States; Institute for NanoBioTechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Mark Wo
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States; Institute for NanoBioTechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - John Vandermark
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States; Institute for NanoBioTechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Paul B Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States; VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1220 East Broad Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 College Street, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States; Institute for NanoBioTechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States; Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 601 N. Caroline Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Hai-Quan Mao
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States; Institute for NanoBioTechnology and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States; Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Whitaker Biomedical Engineering Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
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Schmohl KA, Müller AM, Schwenk N, Knoop K, Rijntjes E, Köhrle J, Heuer H, Bartenstein P, Göke B, Nelson PJ, Spitzweg C. Establishment of an Effective Radioiodide Thyroid Ablation Protocol in Mice. Eur Thyroid J 2015; 4:74-80. [PMID: 26601076 PMCID: PMC4640294 DOI: 10.1159/000381019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the high variance in available protocols on iodide-131 ((131)I) ablation in rodents, we set out to establish an effective method to generate a thyroid-ablated mouse model that allows the application of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) as a reporter gene without interference with thyroidal NIS. We tested a range of (131)I doses with and without prestimulation of thyroidal radioiodide uptake by a low-iodine diet and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) application. Efficacy of induction of hypothyroidism was tested by measurement of serum T4 concentrations, pituitary TSHβ and liver deiodinase type 1 (DIO1) mRNA expression, body weight analysis, and (99m)Tc-pertechnetate scintigraphy. While 200 µCi (7.4 MBq) (131)I alone was not sufficient to abolish thyroidal T4 production, 500 µCi (18.5 MBq) (131)I combined with 1 week of a low-iodine diet decreased serum concentrations below the detection limit. However, the high (131)I dose resulted in severe side effects. A combination of 1 week of a low-iodine diet followed by injection of bovine TSH before the application of 150 µCi (5.5 MBq) (131)I decreased serum T4 concentrations below the detection limit and significantly increased pituitary TSHβ concentrations. The systemic effects of induced hypothyroidism were shown by growth arrest and a decrease in liver DIO1 expression below the detection limit. (99m)Tc-pertechnetate scintigraphy revealed absence of thyroidal (99m)Tc-pertechnetate uptake in ablated mice. In summary, we report a revised protocol for radioiodide ablation of the thyroid gland in the mouse to generate an in vivo model that allows the study of thyroid hormone action using NIS as a reporter gene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Eddy Rijntjes
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Köhrle
- Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Heuer
- Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Peter J. Nelson
- Medical Policlinic IV, University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Spitzweg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Munich, Germany
- *Christine Spitzweg, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Munich, Marchioninistrasse 15, DE-81377 Munich (Germany), E-Mail
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Fan M, Liang X, Yang D, Pan X, Li Z, Wang H, Shi B. Epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted peptide conjugated phospholipid micelles for doxorubicin delivery. J Drug Target 2015; 24:111-9. [PMID: 26176268 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2015.1058800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Specific targeting of tumor cells to achieve higher drug levels in tumor tissue and to overcome side effects is the major goal in cancer chemotherapy. In this study, we used a tumor targeting peptide, GE11, to conjugate onto the surface of doxorubicin encapsulated phospholipid micelles. The GE11 peptide triggered specific binding to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), leading to enhanced cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in vitro and highly accumulation in the tumors in vivo. The results indicated that GE11 conjugated phospholipid micelles should have potential applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Fan
- a State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaofei Liang
- a State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Danbo Yang
- a State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaorong Pan
- a State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Zonghai Li
- a State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Bizhi Shi
- a State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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Abstract
In this article, advances in designing polymeric nanoparticles for targeted cancer gene therapy are reviewed. Characterization and evaluation of biomaterials, targeting ligands, and transcriptional elements are each discussed. Advances in biomaterials have driven improvements to nanoparticle stability and tissue targeting, conjugation of ligands to the surface of polymeric nanoparticles enable binding to specific cancer cells, and the design of transcriptional elements has enabled selective DNA expression specific to the cancer cells. Together, these features have improved the performance of polymeric nanoparticles as targeted non-viral gene delivery vectors to treat cancer. As polymeric nanoparticles can be designed to be biodegradable, non-toxic, and to have reduced immunogenicity and tumorigenicity compared to viral platforms, they have significant potential for clinical use. Results of polymeric gene therapy in clinical trials and future directions for the engineering of nanoparticle systems for targeted cancer gene therapy are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David R. Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Camila G. Zamboni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jordan J. Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Knoop K, Schwenk N, Schmohl K, Müller A, Zach C, Cyran C, Carlsen J, Böning G, Bartenstein P, Göke B, Wagner E, Nelson PJ, Spitzweg C. Mesenchymal stem cell-mediated, tumor stroma-targeted radioiodine therapy of metastatic colon cancer using the sodium iodide symporter as theranostic gene. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:600-6. [PMID: 25745085 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.146662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The tumor-homing property of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) allows targeted delivery of therapeutic genes into the tumor microenvironment. The application of sodium iodide symporter (NIS) as a theranostic gene allows noninvasive imaging of MSC biodistribution and transgene expression before therapeutic radioiodine application. We have previously shown that linking therapeutic transgene expression to induction of the chemokine CCL5/RANTES allows a more focused expression within primary tumors, as the adoptively transferred MSC develop carcinoma-associated fibroblast-like characteristics. Although RANTES/CCL5-NIS targeting has shown efficacy in the treatment of primary tumors, it was not clear if it would also be effective in controlling the growth of metastatic disease. METHODS To expand the potential range of tumor targets, we investigated the biodistribution and tumor recruitment of MSCs transfected with NIS under control of the RANTES/CCL5 promoter (RANTES-NIS-MSC) in a colon cancer liver metastasis mouse model established by intrasplenic injection of the human colon cancer cell line LS174t. RANTES-NIS-MSCs were injected intravenously, followed by (123)I scintigraphy, (124)I PET imaging, and (131)I therapy. RESULTS Results show robust MSC recruitment with RANTES/CCL5-promoter activation within the stroma of liver metastases as evidenced by tumor-selective iodide accumulation, immunohistochemistry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Therapeutic application of (131)I in RANTES-NIS-MSC-treated mice resulted in a significant delay in tumor growth and improved overall survival. CONCLUSION This novel gene therapy approach opens the prospect of NIS-mediated radionuclide therapy of metastatic cancer after MSC-mediated gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Knoop
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Nathalie Schwenk
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schmohl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Zach
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Clemens Cyran
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Laboratory for Experimental Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Janette Carlsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Guido Böning
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Burkhard Göke
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Department of Pharmacy, Center of Drug Research, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Munich, Germany; and
| | - Peter J Nelson
- Clinical Biochemistry Group, Department of Internal Medicine and Policlinic IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Spitzweg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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Fan M, Yang D, Liang X, Ao J, Li Z, Wang H, Shi B. Design and biological activity of epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted peptide doxorubicin conjugate. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 70:268-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Wang H, Jiang Y, Peng H, Chen Y, Zhu P, Huang Y. Recent progress in microRNA delivery for cancer therapy by non-viral synthetic vectors. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 81:142-60. [PMID: 25450259 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression. Because of significant changes in their expression in cancer, miRNAs are believed to be key factors in cancer genetics and to have potential as anticancer drugs. However, the delivery of miRNAs is limited by many barriers, such as low cellular uptake, immunogenicity, renal clearance, degradation by nucleases, elimination by phagocytic immune cells, poor endosomal release, and untoward side effects. Nonviral delivery systems have been developed to overcome these obstacles. In this review, we provide insights into the development of non-viral synthetic miRNA vectors and the promise of miRNA-based anticancer therapies, including therapeutic applications of miRNAs, challenges of vector design to overcome the delivery obstacles, and the development of miRNA delivery systems for cancer therapy. Additionally, we highlight some representative examples that give a glimpse into the current trends into the design and application of efficient synthetic systems for miRNA delivery. Overall, a better understanding of the rational design of miRNA delivery systems will promote their translation into effective clinical treatments.
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66
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Gene therapy and imaging in preclinical and clinical oncology: recent developments in therapy and theranostics. Ther Deliv 2014; 5:1275-96. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.14.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the case of disseminated cancer, current treatment options reach their limit. Gene theranostics emerge as an innovative route in the treatment and diagnosis of cancer and might pave the way towards development of an efficacious treatment of currently incurable cancer. Various gene vectors have been developed to realize tumor-specific nucleic acid delivery and are considered crucial for the successful application of cancer gene therapy. By adding reporter genes and imaging agents, these systems gain an additional diagnostic function, thereby advancing the theranostic paradigm into cancer gene therapy. Numerous preclinical studies have demonstrated the feasibility of combined tumor gene therapy and diagnostic imaging, and clinical trials in human and veterinary oncology have been executed with partly encouraging results.
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67
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Active radar guides missile to its target: receptor-based targeted treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by nanoparticulate systems. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:55-67. [PMID: 25424700 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2855-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually present at advanced stages and do not benefit from surgical resection, so drug therapy should deserve a prominent place in unresectable HCC treatment. But chemotherapy agents, such as doxorubicin, cisplatin, and paclitaxel, frequently encounter important problems such as low specificity and non-selective biodistribution. Recently, the development of nanotechnology led to significant breakthroughs to overcome these problems. Decorating the surfaces of nanoparticulate-based drug carriers with homing devices has demonstrated its potential in concentrating chemotherapy agents specifically to HCC cells. In this paper, we reviewed the current status of active targeting strategies for nanoparticulate systems based on various receptors such as asialoglycoprotein receptor, transferrin receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, folate receptor, integrin, and CD44, which are abundantly expressed on the surfaces of hepatocytes or liver cancer cells. Furthermore, we pointed out their merits and defects and provided theoretical references for further research.
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68
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Zhang MZ, Li C, Fang BY, Yao MH, Ren QQ, Zhang L, Zhao YD. High transfection efficiency of quantum dot-antisense oligonucleotide nanoparticles in cancer cells through dual-receptor synergistic targeting. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:255102. [PMID: 24896735 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/25/255102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating ligands with nanoparticle-based carriers for specific delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids (such as antisense oligonucleotides and siRNA) to tumor sites is a promising approach in anti-cancer strategies. However, nanoparticle-based carriers remain insufficient in terms of the selectivity and transfection efficiency. In this paper, we designed a dual receptor-targeted QDs gene carrier QD-(AS-ODN+GE11+c(RGDfK)) which could increase the cellular uptake efficiency and further enhance the transfection efficiency. Here, the targeting ligands used were peptides GE11 and c(RGDfK) which could recognize epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) and integrin ανβ3 receptors, respectively. Quantitative flow cytometry and ICP/MS showed that the synergistic effect between EGFR and integrin ανβ3 increased the cellular uptake of QDs carriers. The effects of inhibition agents showed the endocytosis pathway of QD-(AS-ODN+GE11+c(RGDfK)) probe was mainly clathrin-mediated. Western blot confirmed that QD-(AS-ODN+GE11+c(RGDfK)) could further enhance gene silencing efficiency compared to QD-(AS-ODN+GE11) and QD-(AS-ODN+c(RGDfK)), suggesting this dual receptor-targeted gene carrier achieved desired transfection efficiency. In this gene delivery system, QDs could not only be used as a gene vehicle but also as fluorescence probe, allowing for localization and tracking during the delivery process. This transport model is very well referenced for non-viral gene carriers to enhance the targeting ability and transfection efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhen Zhang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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69
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Liu L, Dong X, Zhu D, Song L, Zhang H, Leng XG. TAT-LHRH conjugated low molecular weight chitosan as a gene carrier specific for hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:2879-89. [PMID: 24959076 PMCID: PMC4061174 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s61392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop a chitosan-based nonviral gene carrier capable of delivering genes specifically into hepatoma cells, a bifunctional peptide composed of the TAT (transactivator of transcription) peptide and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) was conjugated with low molecular weight chitosan, resulting in a TAT-LHRH-chitosan conjugate (TLC). TLC/DNA nanoparticles (TLCDNPs) were characterized by agarose gel retardation, atomic force microscopy, and dynamic light scattering analysis. In vitro targeting specificity and transfection efficiency were analyzed with a GE IN Cell Analyzer 2000 High-Content Cellular Analysis System. The results demonstrated that TLC had stronger DNA condensing power than unmodified chitosan, and that TLCDNPs were of roughly round shape with average diameter of 70-85 nm and zeta potential of +30 mV and were relatively stable in solution. The in vitro study demonstrated TLC was highly selective for hepatoma cells and essentially nontoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxia Liu
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Dong
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dunwan Zhu
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Song
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailing Zhang
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xigang G Leng
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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70
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Powell Gray
- Department of Internal Medicine and The Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-8807, United States
| | - Kathlynn C. Brown
- Department of Internal Medicine and The Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-8807, United States
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EGFR-Targeted Adenovirus Dendrimer Coating for Improved Systemic Delivery of the Theranostic NIS Gene. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2013; 2:e131. [PMID: 24193032 PMCID: PMC3889187 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2013.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We recently demonstrated tumor-selective iodide uptake and therapeutic efficacy of
combined radiovirotherapy after systemic delivery of the theranostic sodium iodide
symporter (NIS) gene using a dendrimer-coated adenovirus. To further improve shielding and
targeting we physically coated replication-selective adenoviruses carrying the
hNIS gene with a conjugate consisting of cationic poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM)
dendrimer linked to the peptidic, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-specific ligand
GE11. In vitro experiments demonstrated coxsackie-adenovirus receptor-independent
but EGFR-specific transduction efficiency. Systemic injection of the uncoated adenovirus
in a liver cancer xenograft mouse model led to high levels of NIS expression in the liver
due to hepatic sequestration, which were significantly reduced after coating as
demonstrated by 123I-scintigraphy. Reduction of adenovirus liver pooling
resulted in decreased hepatotoxicity and increased transduction efficiency in peripheral
xenograft tumors. 124I-PET-imaging confirmed EGFR-specificity by significantly
lower tumoral radioiodine accumulation after pretreatment with the EGFR-specific antibody
cetuximab. A significantly enhanced oncolytic effect was observed following systemic
application of dendrimer-coated adenovirus that was further increased by additional
treatment with a therapeutic dose of 131I. These results demonstrate restricted
virus tropism and tumor-selective retargeting after systemic application of coated,
EGFR-targeted adenoviruses therefore representing a promising strategy for improved
systemic adenoviral NIS gene therapy.
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72
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Kopp F, Schnoedt M, Haase R, Wagner E, Roidl A, Ogris M. De-targeting by miR-143 decreases unwanted transgene expression in non-tumorigenic cells. Gene Ther 2013; 20:1104-9. [PMID: 23804075 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2013.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA dysregulation often results in the development and progression of cancer. miR-143 is ubiquitously expressed in most human and murine tissues but downregulated in many cancer types. This differential miRNA expression can be utilized for targeted cancer gene therapies. Multiple copies of the miR-143 complementary target sequence were inserted into the 3'UTR of plasmid vectors encoding either for different reporter genes or for the therapeutic gene TNFα. With these transgenes, we analyzed the miR-143-dependent gene expression in cancer cells and normal cells. Moreover, we investigated miR-143-regulated luciferase expression in an NMRI nude/HUH7 xenograft mouse model using a nonviral carrier system for in vivo transfections. We showed low and high levels of miR-143 in cancer cells and normal cells, respectively, leading to a differential gene expression of the reporters and the therapeutic TNFα. According to the miR-143 levels, the luciferase reporter gene expression was silenced in the mouse lungs but not in HUH7 tumors. Thus, we utilized the differential miR-143 expression in healthy and cancerous tissues to de-target the lung by specifically targeting the tumor in an in vivo HUH7 xenograft mouse model. The use of an miR-143-regulated therapeutic transgene may present a promising approach for cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kopp
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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73
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Grünwald GK, Vetter A, Klutz K, Willhauck MJ, Schwenk N, Senekowitsch-Schmidtke R, Schwaiger M, Zach C, Wagner E, Göke B, Holm PS, Ogris M, Spitzweg C. Systemic image-guided liver cancer radiovirotherapy using dendrimer-coated adenovirus encoding the sodium iodide symporter as theranostic gene. J Nucl Med 2013; 54:1450-7. [PMID: 23843567 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.115493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Currently, major limitations for the clinical application of adenovirus-mediated gene therapy are high prevalence of neutralizing antibodies, widespread expression of the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR), and adenovirus sequestration by the liver. In the current study, we used the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) as a theranostic gene to investigate whether coating of adenovirus with synthetic dendrimers could be useful to overcome these hurdles in order to develop adenoviral vectors for combination of systemic oncolytic virotherapy and NIS-mediated radiotherapy. METHODS We coated replication-deficient (Ad5-CMV/NIS) (CMV is cytomegalovirus) and replication-selective (Ad5-E1/AFP-E3/NIS) adenovirus serotype 5 carrying the hNIS gene with poly(amidoamine) dendrimers generation 5 (PAMAM-G5) in order to investigate transduction efficacy and altered tropism of these coated virus particles by (123)I scintigraphy and to evaluate their therapeutic potential for systemic radiovirotherapy in a liver cancer xenograft mouse model. RESULTS After dendrimer coating, Ad5-CMV/NIS demonstrated partial protection from neutralizing antibodies and enhanced transduction efficacy in CAR-negative cells in vitro. In vivo (123)I scintigraphy of nude mice revealed significantly reduced levels of hepatic transgene expression after intravenous injection of dendrimer-coated Ad5-CMV/NIS (dcAd5-CMV/NIS). Evasion from liver accumulation resulted in significantly reduced liver toxicity and increased transduction efficiency of dcAd5-CMV/NIS in hepatoma xenografts. After PAMAM-G5 coating of the replication-selective Ad5-E1/AFP-E3/NIS, a significantly enhanced oncolytic effect was observed after intravenous application (virotherapy) that was further increased by additional treatment with a therapeutic dose of (131)I (radiovirotherapy) and was associated with markedly improved survival. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate efficient liver detargeting and tumor retargeting of adenoviral vectors after coating with synthetic dendrimers, thereby representing a promising innovative strategy for systemic NIS gene therapy. Moreover, our study-based on the function of NIS as a theranostic gene allowing the noninvasive imaging of NIS expression by (123)I scintigraphy-provides detailed characterization of in vivo vector biodistribution and localization, level, and duration of transgene expression, essential prerequisites for exact planning and monitoring of clinical gene therapy trials that aim to individualize the NIS gene therapy concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey K Grünwald
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Campus Grosshadern, University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Trends in polymeric delivery of nucleic acids to tumors. J Control Release 2013; 170:209-18. [PMID: 23770011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Delivery of nucleic acids to tumors has received extensive attention in the past few decades since these molecules are capable of treating disease by modulating the source of abnormalities. Although high efficiency and low toxicity of numerous delivery systems for nucleic acids have been approved frequently with in vitro assays, contradictions have been observed in many cases between these results and what has occurred in the dynamic in vivo situation. Filling this gap seems to be crucial for further preclinical development of such systems. In this paper, we discuss various barriers which polymeric DNA or siRNA nanoparticles encounter upon systemic administration with an aim to assist in designing more relevant in vitro assays. Furthermore, individual considerations concerning delivery of DNA and siRNA have been addressed.
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Starkey JR, Pascucci EM, Drobizhev MA, Elliott A, Rebane AK. Vascular targeting to the SST2 receptor improves the therapeutic response to near-IR two-photon activated PDT for deep-tissue cancer treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:4594-603. [PMID: 23747302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Broader clinical acceptance of photodynamic therapy is currently hindered by (a) poor depth efficacy, and (b) predisposition towards establishment of an angiogenic environment during the treatment. Improved depth efficacy is being sought by exploiting the NIR tissue transparency window and by photo-activation using two-photon absorption (2PA). Here, we use two-photon activation of PDT sensitizers, untargeted and targeted to SST2 receptors or EGF receptors, to achieve deep tissue treatment. METHODS Human tumor lines, positive or negative for SST2r expression were used, as well as murine 3LL cells and bovine aortic endothelial cells. Expression of SST2 receptors on cancer cells and tumor vasculature was evaluated in vitro and frozen xenograft sections. PDT effects on tumor blood flow were followed using in vivo scanning after intravenous injection of FITC conjugated dextran 150K. Dependence of the PDT efficacy on the laser pulse duration was evaluated. Effectiveness of targeting to vascular SST2 receptors was compared to that of EGF receptors, or no targeting. RESULTS Tumor vasculature stained for SST2 receptors even in tumors from SST2 receptor negative cell lines, and SST2r targeted PDT led to tumor vascular shutdown. Stretching the pulse from ~120fs to ~3ps led to loss of the PDT efficacy especially at greater depth. PDT targeted to SST2 receptors was much more effective than untargeted PDT or PDT targeted to EGF receptors. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The use of octreotate to target SST2 receptors expressed on tumor vessels is an excellent approach to PDT with few recurrences and some long term cures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean R Starkey
- Montana State University, Department of Microbiology, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
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76
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Haase R, Magnusson T, Su B, Kopp F, Wagner E, Lipps H, Baiker A, Ogris M. Generation of a tumor- and tissue-specific episomal non-viral vector system. BMC Biotechnol 2013; 13:49. [PMID: 23734827 PMCID: PMC3728224 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-13-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A key issue for safe and reproducible gene therapy approaches is the autologous and tissue-specific expression of transgenes. Tissue-specific expression in vivo is either achieved by transfer vectors that deliver the gene of interest into a distinct cell type or by use of tissue-specific expression cassettes. Here we present the generation of non-viral, episomally replicating vectors that are able to replicate in a tissue specific manner thus allowing tissue specific transgene expression in combination with episomal replication. The episomal replication of the prototype vector pEPI-1 and its derivatives depends exclusively on a transcription unit starting from a constitutively active promoter extending into the scaffold/matrix attachment region (S/MAR). Results Here, we exchanged the constitutive promoter in the pEPI derivative pEPito by the tumor specific alpha fetoprotein (AFP) or the muscle specific smooth muscle 22 (SM22) promoter leading to specific transgene expression in AFP positive human hepatocellular carcinoma (HUH7) and in a SM22 positive cell line, respectively. The incorporation of the hCMV enhancer element into the expression cassette further boosted the expression levels with both promoters. Tissue specific-replication could be exemplary proven for the smooth muscle protein 22 (SM22) promoter in vitro. With the AFP promoter-driven pEPito vector hepatocellular carcinoma-specific expression could be achieved in vivo after systemic vector application together with polyethylenimine as transfection enhancer. Conclusions In this study we present an episomal plasmid system designed for tissue specific transgene expression and replication. The human AFP-promoter in combination with the hCMV enhancer element was demonstrated to be a valuable tissue-specific promoter for targeting hepatocellular carcinomas with non-viral gene delivery system, and tissue specific replication could be shown in vitro with the muscle specific SM22 promoter. In combination with appropriate delivery systems, the tissue specific pEPito vector system will allow higher tissue-specificity with less undesired side effects and is suitable for long term transgene expression in vivo within gene therapeutical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Haase
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
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Vetter A, Virdi KS, Espenlaub S, Rödl W, Wagner E, Holm PS, Scheu C, Kreppel F, Spitzweg C, Ogris M. Adenoviral vectors coated with PAMAM dendrimer conjugates allow CAR independent virus uptake and targeting to the EGF receptor. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:606-18. [PMID: 23281933 DOI: 10.1021/mp300366f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Adenovirus type 5 (Ad) is an efficient gene vector with high gene transduction potential, but its efficiency depends on its native cell receptors coxsackie- and adenovirus receptor (CAR) for cell attachment and α(v)β(3/5) integrins for internalization. To enable transduction of CAR negative cancer cell lines, we have coated the negatively charged Ad by noncovalent charge interaction with cationic PAMAM (polyamidoamine) dendrimers. The specificity for tumor cell infection was increased by targeting the coated Ad to the epidermal growth factor receptor using the peptide ligand GE11, which was coupled to the PAMAM dendrimer via a 2 kDa PEG spacer. Particles were examined by measuring surface charge and size, the degree of coating was determined by transmission electron microscopy. The net positive charge of PAMAM coated Ad enhanced cellular binding and uptake leading to increased transduction efficiency, especially in low to medium CAR expressing cancer cell lines using enhanced green fluorescent protein or luciferase as transgene. While PAMAM coated Ad allowed for efficient internalization, coating with linear polyethylenimine induced excessive particle aggregation, elevated cellular toxicity and lowered transduction efficiency. PAMAM coating of Ad enabled successful transduction of cells in vitro even in the presence of neutralizing antibodies. Taken together, this study clearly proves noncovalent, charge-based coating of Ad vectors with ligand-equipped dendrimers as a viable strategy for efficient transduction of cells otherwise refractory to Ad infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Vetter
- Center for System Based Drug Research, Department of Pharmacy, LMU Munich, Germany
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Rödl W, Schaffert D, Wagner E, Ogris M. Synthesis of polyethylenimine-based nanocarriers for systemic tumor targeting of nucleic acids. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 948:105-20. [PMID: 23070766 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-140-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapies offer the option to treat tumors in a highly selective way, while toxicity towards healthy tissue can be avoided when proper delivery vehicles are used. We have recently developed carrier systems based on linear polyethylenimine, which after chemical coupling of proteinous or peptidic ligands can form nanosized polyplexes with plasmid DNA or RNA and deliver their payload into target cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. This chapter describes the synthesis of linear PEI (LPEI) from a precursor polymer and the current coupling techniques and purification procedure for peptide conjugates with linear polyethylenimine. A protocol is also given for the formation and characterization of polyplexes formed with LPEI conjugate and plasmid DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Rödl
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for System Based Drug Research, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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Systemic TNFα gene therapy synergizes with liposomal doxorubicine in the treatment of metastatic cancer. Mol Ther 2012; 21:300-8. [PMID: 23299796 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2012.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a potent antitumoral cytokine, either killing tumor cells directly or affecting the tumor vasculature leading to enhanced accumulation of macromolecular drugs. Due to dose limiting side effects systemic administration of TNFα protein at therapeutically active doses is precluded. With gene vectors, tumor restricted TNFα expression can be achieved and in principle synergize with chemotherapy. Synthetic gene carriers based on polyamines were intravenously injected, which either passively accumulate within the tumor or specifically target the epidermal growth factor receptor. A single intravenous injection of TNFα gene vector promoted accumulation of liposomal doxorubicine (Doxil) in murine neuroblastoma and human hepatoma by enhancing tumor endothelium permeability. The expression of transgenic TNFα was restricted to tumor tissue. Three treatment cycles with TNFα gene vectors and Doxil significantly delayed tumor growth in subcutaneous murine Neuro2A neuroblastoma. Also tumors re-growing after initial treatment were successfully treated in a fourth cycle pointing at the absence of resistance mechanisms. Systemic Neuro2A metastases or human LS174T colon carcinoma metastases in liver were also successfully treated with this combined approach. In conclusion, this schedule opens the possibility for the efficient treatment of tumors metastases otherwise not accessible for macromolecular drug carriers.
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80
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Sodium iodide symporter (NIS)-mediated radiovirotherapy of hepatocellular cancer using a conditionally replicating adenovirus. Gene Ther 2012; 20:625-33. [PMID: 23038026 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2012.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we determined the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene transfer and the therapeutic potential of oncolytic virotherapy combined with radioiodine therapy using a conditionally replicating oncolytic adenovirus. For this purpose, we used a replication-selective adenovirus in which the E1a gene is driven by the mouse alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) promoter and the human NIS gene is inserted in the E3 region (Ad5-E1/AFP-E3/NIS). Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HuH7) infected with Ad5-E1/AFP-E3/NIS concentrated radioiodine at a level that was sufficiently high for a therapeutic effect in vitro. In vivo experiments demonstrated that 3 days after intratumoral (i.t.) injection of Ad5-E1/AFP-E3/NIS HuH7 xenograft tumors accumulated approximately 25% ID g(-1) (percentage of the injected dose per gram tumor tissue) (123)I as shown by (123)I gamma camera imaging. A single i.t. injection of Ad5-E1/AFP-E3/NIS (virotherapy) resulted in a significant reduction of tumor growth and prolonged survival, as compared with injection of saline. Combination of oncolytic virotherapy with radioiodine treatment (radiovirotherapy) led to an additional reduction of tumor growth that resulted in markedly improved survival as compared with virotherapy alone. In conclusion, local in vivo NIS gene transfer using a replication-selective oncolytic adenovirus is able to induce a significant therapeutic effect, which can be enhanced by additional (131)I application.
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81
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Ohno SI, Takanashi M, Sudo K, Ueda S, Ishikawa A, Matsuyama N, Fujita K, Mizutani T, Ohgi T, Ochiya T, Gotoh N, Kuroda M. Systemically injected exosomes targeted to EGFR deliver antitumor microRNA to breast cancer cells. Mol Ther 2012; 21:185-91. [PMID: 23032975 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2012.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1184] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the therapeutic potential of nucleic acid drugs, their clinical application has been limited in part by a lack of appropriate delivery systems. Exosomes or microvesicles are small endosomally derived vesicles that are secreted by a variety of cell types and tissues. Here, we show that exosomes can efficiently deliver microRNA (miRNA) to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-expressing breast cancer cells. Targeting was achieved by engineering the donor cells to express the transmembrane domain of platelet-derived growth factor receptor fused to the GE11 peptide. Intravenously injected exosomes delivered let-7a miRNA to EGFR-expressing xenograft breast cancer tissue in RAG2(-/-) mice. Our results suggest that exosomes can be used therapeutically to target EGFR-expressing cancerous tissues with nucleic acid drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro Ohno
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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82
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Mickler FM, Möckl L, Ruthardt N, Ogris M, Wagner E, Bräuchle C. Tuning nanoparticle uptake: live-cell imaging reveals two distinct endocytosis mechanisms mediated by natural and artificial EGFR targeting ligand. NANO LETTERS 2012; 12:3417-3423. [PMID: 22632479 DOI: 10.1021/nl300395q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic nanoparticles can be directed to cancer cells by incorporating selective targeting ligands. Here, we investigate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated endocytosis of gene carriers (polyplexes) either targeted with natural EGF or GE11, a short synthetic EGFR-binding peptide. Highly sensitive live-cell fluorescence microcopy with single particle resolution unraveled the existence of two different uptake mechanisms; EGF triggers accelerated nanoparticle endocytosis due to its dual active role in receptor binding and signaling activation. For GE11, an alternative EGFR signaling independent, actin-driven pathway is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke M Mickler
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377 München, Germany
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83
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Abourbeh G, Shir A, Mishani E, Ogris M, Rödl W, Wagner E, Levitzki A. PolyIC GE11 polyplex inhibits EGFR-overexpressing tumors. IUBMB Life 2012; 64:324-30. [PMID: 22362419 PMCID: PMC3711802 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Phage display has identified the dodecapeptide YHWYGYTPQNVI (GE11) as a ligand that binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) but does not activate the receptor. Here, we compare the EGFR binding affinities of GE11, EGF, and their polyethyleneimine-polyethyleneglycol (PEI-PEG) conjugates. We found that although GE11 by itself does not exhibit measurable affinity to the EGFR, tethering it to PEI-PEG increases its affinity markedly, and complex formation with polyinosine/cytosine (polyIC) further enhances the affinity to the submicromolar range. PolyIC/PPGE11 has a similar strong antitumor effect against EGFR overexpressing tumors in vitro and in vivo, as polyIC/polyethyleneimine-polyetheleneglycol-EGF (polyIC/PP-EGF). Absence of EGFR activation, as previously shown by us and easier production of GE11 and GE11 conjugates, confer polyIC/PPGE11 a significant advantage over similar EGF-based polyplexes as a potential therapy of EGFR overexpressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galith Abourbeh
- Cyclotron/ Radiochemistry Unit/ Nuclear Medicine Department, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Alexei Shir
- Unit of Cellular Signaling, Department of Biological Chemistry, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Eyal Mishani
- Cyclotron/ Radiochemistry Unit/ Nuclear Medicine Department, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Manfred Ogris
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rödl
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Levitzki
- Unit of Cellular Signaling, Department of Biological Chemistry, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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84
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Klutz K, Willhauck MJ, Dohmen C, Wunderlich N, Knoop K, Zach C, Senekowitsch-Schmidtke R, Gildehaus FJ, Ziegler S, Fürst S, Göke B, Wagner E, Ogris M, Spitzweg C. Image-guided tumor-selective radioiodine therapy of liver cancer after systemic nonviral delivery of the sodium iodide symporter gene. Hum Gene Ther 2011; 22:1563-74. [PMID: 21851208 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2011.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported the induction of tumor-selective iodide uptake and therapeutic efficacy of (131)I in a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenograft mouse model, using novel polyplexes based on linear polyethylenimine (LPEI), shielded by polyethylene glycol (PEG), and coupled with the epidermal growth factor receptor-specific peptide GE11 (LPEI-PEG-GE11). The aim of the current study in the same HCC model was to evaluate the potential of biodegradable nanoparticle vectors based on pseudodendritic oligoamines (G2-HD-OEI) for systemic sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene delivery and to compare efficiency and tumor specificity with LPEI-PEG-GE11. Transfection of HCC cells with NIS cDNA, using G2-HD-OEI, resulted in a 44-fold increase in iodide uptake in vitro as compared with a 22-fold increase using LPEI-PEG-GE11. After intravenous application of G2-HD-OEI/NIS HCC tumors accumulated 6-11% ID/g (123)I (percentage of the injected dose per gram tumor tissue) with an effective half-life of 10 hr (tumor-absorbed dose, 281 mGy/MBq) as measured by (123)I scintigraphic gamma camera or single-photon emission computed tomography computed tomography (SPECT CT) imaging, as compared with 6.5-9% ID/g with an effective half-life of only 6 hr (tumor-absorbed dose, 47 mGy/MBq) for LPEI-PEG-GE11. After only two cycles of G2-HD-OEI/NIS/(131)I application, a significant delay in tumor growth was observed with markedly improved survival. A similar degree of therapeutic efficacy had been observed after four cycles of LPEI-PEG-GE11/(131)I. These results clearly demonstrate that biodegradable nanoparticles based on OEI-grafted oligoamines show increased efficiency for systemic NIS gene transfer in an HCC model with similar tumor selectivity as compared with LPEI-PEG-GE11, and therefore represent a promising strategy for NIS-mediated radioiodine therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Klutz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
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85
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Dissoki S, Hagooly A, Elmachily S, Mishani E. Labeling approaches for the GE11 peptide, an epidermal growth factor receptor biomarker. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Dissoki
- Cyclotron/Radiochemistry Unit/Nuclear Medicine Department; Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital; Jerusalem; 91120; Israel
| | - Aviv Hagooly
- Cyclotron/Radiochemistry Unit/Nuclear Medicine Department; Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital; Jerusalem; 91120; Israel
| | - Smadar Elmachily
- Cyclotron/Radiochemistry Unit/Nuclear Medicine Department; Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital; Jerusalem; 91120; Israel
| | - Eyal Mishani
- Cyclotron/Radiochemistry Unit/Nuclear Medicine Department; Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital; Jerusalem; 91120; Israel
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86
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Schäfer A, Pahnke A, Schaffert D, van Weerden WM, de Ridder CMA, Rödl W, Vetter A, Spitzweg C, Kraaij R, Wagner E, Ogris M. Disconnecting the yin and yang relation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated delivery: a fully synthetic, EGFR-targeted gene transfer system avoiding receptor activation. Hum Gene Ther 2011; 22:1463-73. [PMID: 21644815 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2010.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is upregulated within a high percentage of solid tumors and hence is an attractive target for tumor-targeted therapies including gene therapy. The natural EGFR ligand epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been used for this purpose, despite the risk of mitogenic effects due to EGFR activation. We have developed a fully synthetic, EGFR-targeted gene delivery system based on PEGylated linear polyethylenimine (LPEI), allowing evaluation of different EGFR-binding peptides in terms of transfection efficiency and EGFR activation. Peptide sequences directly derived from the human EGF molecule enhanced transfection efficiency with concomitant EGFR activation. Only the EGFR-binding peptide GE11, which has been identified by phage display technique, showed specific enhancement of transfection on EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells including glioblastoma and hepatoma, but without EGFR activation. EGFR targeting led to high levels of cell association of fluorescently labeled polyplexes after only 30 min of incubation. EGF pretreatment of cells induced enhanced cellular internalization of all polyplex types tested, pointing at generally enhanced macropinocytosis. EGF polyplexes diminished cell surface expression of EGFR for up to 4 hr, whereas GE11 polyplexes did not. In a clinically relevant orthotopic prostate cancer model, intratumorally injected GE11 polyplexes were superior in inducing transgene expression when compared with untargeted polyplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schäfer
- Center for System-Based Drug Research, Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ludwig Maximilian University, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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87
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Invading target cells: multifunctional polymer conjugates as therapeutic nucleic acid carriers. Front Chem Sci Eng 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-011-1203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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88
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Ogris M, Wagner E. To Be Targeted: Is the Magic Bullet Concept a Viable Option for Synthetic Nucleic Acid Therapeutics? Hum Gene Ther 2011; 22:799-807. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2011.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Ogris
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 81377, Germany
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89
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Functional Polymer Conjugates for Medicinal Nucleic Acid Delivery. POLYMERS IN NANOMEDICINE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2011_148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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