1
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Holler C, Taylor RW, Schambony A, Möckl L, Sandoghdar V. A paintbrush for delivery of nanoparticles and molecules to live cells with precise spatiotemporal control. Nat Methods 2024; 21:512-520. [PMID: 38347139 PMCID: PMC10927540 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Delivery of very small amounts of reagents to the near-field of cells with micrometer spatial precision and millisecond time resolution is currently out of reach. Here we present μkiss as a micropipette-based scheme for brushing a layer of small molecules and nanoparticles onto the live cell membrane from a subfemtoliter confined volume of a perfusion flow. We characterize our system through both experiments and modeling, and find excellent agreement. We demonstrate several applications that benefit from a controlled brush delivery, such as a direct means to quantify local and long-range membrane mobility and organization as well as dynamical probing of intercellular force signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Holler
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Richard William Taylor
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schambony
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vahid Sandoghdar
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany.
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany.
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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2
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Almahayni K, Nestola G, Spiekermann M, Möckl L. Simple, Economic, and Robust Rail-Based Setup for Super-Resolution Localization Microscopy. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:4553-4560. [PMID: 37163339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c01351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Research during the past 2 decades has showcased the power of single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) as a tool for exploring the nanoworld. However, SMLM systems are typically available in specialized laboratories and imaging facilities, owing to their expensiveness as well as complex assembly and alignment procedure. Here, we lay out the blueprint of a sturdy, rail-based, cost-efficient, multicolor SMLM setup that is easy to construct and align in service of simplifying the accessibility of SMLM. We characterize the optical properties of the design and assess its capabilities, robustness, and stability. The performance of the system is assayed using super-resolution imaging of biological samples. We believe that this design will make SMLM more affordable and broaden its availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Almahayni
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstr. 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gianluca Nestola
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstr. 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Malte Spiekermann
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstr. 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstr. 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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3
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Roy AR, Wang J, Han M, Wang H, Möckl L, Zeng L, Moerner WE, Qi LS. Multicolor super-resolution imaging to study human coronavirus RNA during cellular infection. Biophys J 2023; 122:16a. [PMID: 36782799 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anish R Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jiarui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mengting Han
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leiping Zeng
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Lei S Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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4
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Almahayni K, Spiekermann M, Möckl L. Fluorophores' talk turns them dark. Nat Methods 2022; 19:932-933. [PMID: 35915193 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-022-01565-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Almahayni
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Leonhard Möckl
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany.
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5
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Almahayni K, Spiekermann M, Fiore A, Yu G, Pedram K, Möckl L. Small molecule inhibitors of mammalian glycosylation. Matrix Biol Plus 2022; 16:100108. [PMID: 36467541 PMCID: PMC9713294 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2022.100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycans are one of the fundamental biopolymers encountered in living systems. Compared to polynucleotide and polypeptide biosynthesis, polysaccharide biosynthesis is a uniquely combinatorial process to which interdependent enzymes with seemingly broad specificities contribute. The resulting intracellular cell surface, and secreted glycans play key roles in health and disease, from embryogenesis to cancer progression. The study and modulation of glycans in cell and organismal biology is aided by small molecule inhibitors of the enzymes involved in glycan biosynthesis. In this review, we survey the arsenal of currently available inhibitors, focusing on agents which have been independently validated in diverse systems. We highlight the utility of these inhibitors and drawbacks to their use, emphasizing the need for innovation for basic research as well as for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Almahayni
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Malte Spiekermann
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Antonio Fiore
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Kayvon Pedram
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA,Corresponding authors.
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany,Corresponding authors.
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6
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Wang J, Han M, Roy AR, Wang H, Möckl L, Zeng L, Moerner W, Qi LS. Multi-color super-resolution imaging to study human coronavirus RNA during cellular infection. Cell Rep Methods 2022; 2:100170. [PMID: 35128513 PMCID: PMC8806145 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the third human coronavirus within 20 years that gave rise to a life-threatening disease and the first to reach pandemic spread. To make therapeutic headway against current and future coronaviruses, the biology of coronavirus RNA during infection must be precisely understood. Here, we present a robust and generalizable framework combining high-throughput confocal and super-resolution microscopy imaging to study coronavirus infection at the nanoscale. Using the model human coronavirus HCoV-229E, we specifically labeled coronavirus genomic RNA (gRNA) and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) via multi-color RNA immunoFISH and visualized their localization patterns within the cell. The 10-nm resolution achieved by our approach uncovers a striking spatial organization of gRNA and dsRNA into three distinct structures and enables quantitative characterization of the status of the infection after antiviral drug treatment. Our approach provides a comprehensive imaging framework that will enable future investigations of coronavirus fundamental biology and therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mengting Han
- Departments of Bioengineering, Chemical and Systems Biology, and ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anish R. Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Departments of Bioengineering, Chemical and Systems Biology, and ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Leiping Zeng
- Departments of Bioengineering, Chemical and Systems Biology, and ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - W.E. Moerner
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lei S. Qi
- Departments of Bioengineering, Chemical and Systems Biology, and ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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7
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Wang J, Han M, Wang H, Möckl L, Zeng L, Moerner WE, Qi LS. Multi-color super-resolution imaging to study human coronavirus RNA during cellular infection. bioRxiv 2021. [PMID: 34127974 PMCID: PMC8202426 DOI: 10.1101/2021.06.09.447760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the third human coronavirus within 20 years that gave rise to a life-threatening disease and the first to reach pandemic spread. To make therapeutic headway against current and future coronaviruses, the biology of coronavirus RNA during infection must be precisely understood. Here, we present a robust and generalizable framework combining high-throughput confocal and super-resolution microscopy imaging to study coronavirus infection at the nanoscale. Employing the model human coronavirus HCoV-229E, we specifically labeled coronavirus genomic RNA (gRNA) and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) via multicolor RNA-immunoFISH and visualized their localization patterns within the cell. The exquisite resolution of our approach uncovers a striking spatial organization of gRNA and dsRNA into three distinct structures and enables quantitative characterization of the status of the infection after antiviral drug treatment. Our approach provides a comprehensive framework that supports investigations of coronavirus fundamental biology and therapeutic effects.
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8
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Möckl L, Moerner WE. Super-resolution Microscopy with Single Molecules in Biology and Beyond-Essentials, Current Trends, and Future Challenges. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:17828-17844. [PMID: 33034452 PMCID: PMC7582613 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule super-resolution microscopy has developed from a specialized technique into one of the most versatile and powerful imaging methods of the nanoscale over the past two decades. In this perspective, we provide a brief overview of the historical development of the field, the fundamental concepts, the methodology required to obtain maximum quantitative information, and the current state of the art. Then, we will discuss emerging perspectives and areas where innovation and further improvement are needed. Despite the tremendous progress, the full potential of single-molecule super-resolution microscopy is yet to be realized, which will be enabled by the research ahead of us.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - W. E. Moerner
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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9
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Evers J, Herzog C, Möckl L. Die Fraunhofer‐Gesellschaft. CHEM UNSERER ZEIT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ciuz.201900034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Raddaoui N, Croce S, Geiger F, Borodavka A, Möckl L, Stazzoni S, Viverge B, Bräuchle C, Frischmuth T, Engelke H, Carell T. Supersensitive Multifluorophore RNA-FISH for Early Virus Detection and Flow-FISH by Using Click Chemistry. Chembiochem 2020; 21:2214-2218. [PMID: 32187837 PMCID: PMC7496099 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The reliable detection of transcription events through the quantification of the corresponding mRNA is of paramount importance for the diagnostics of infections and diseases. The quantification and localization analysis of the transcripts of a particular gene allows disease states to be characterized more directly compared to an analysis on the transcriptome wide level. This is particularly needed for the early detection of virus infections as now required for emergent viral diseases, e. g. Covid-19. In situ mRNA analysis, however, is a formidable challenge and currently performed with sets of single-fluorophore-containing oligonucleotide probes that hybridize to the mRNA in question. Often a large number of probe strands (>30) are required to get a reliable signal. The more oligonucleotide probes are used, however, the higher the potential off-target binding effects that create background noise. Here, we used click chemistry and alkyne-modified DNA oligonucleotides to prepare multiple-fluorophore-containing probes. We found that these multiple-dye probes allow reliable detection and direct visualization of mRNA with only a very small number (5-10) of probe strands. The new method enabled the in situ detection of viral transcripts as early as 4 hours after infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Raddaoui
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Stefano Croce
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
- Baseclick GmbHFloriansbogen 2–482061Neuried (MünchenGermany
| | - Florian Geiger
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Alexander Borodavka
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologySchool of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1QWUK
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Samuele Stazzoni
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Bastien Viverge
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | | | - Hanna Engelke
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
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11
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Möckl L. The Emerging Role of the Mammalian Glycocalyx in Functional Membrane Organization and Immune System Regulation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:253. [PMID: 32351961 PMCID: PMC7174505 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
All cells in the human body are covered by a dense layer of sugars and the proteins and lipids to which they are attached, collectively termed the "glycocalyx." For decades, the organization of the glycocalyx and its interplay with the cellular state have remained enigmatic. This changed in recent years. Latest research has shown that the glycocalyx is an organelle of vital significance, actively involved in and functionally relevant for various cellular processes, that can be directly targeted in therapeutic contexts. This review gives a brief introduction into glycocalyx biology and describes the specific challenges glycocalyx research faces. Then, the traditional view of the role of the glycocalyx is discussed before several recent breakthroughs in glycocalyx research are surveyed. These results exemplify a currently unfolding bigger picture about the role of the glycocalyx as a fundamental cellular agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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12
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Möckl L, Roy AR, Moerner WE. Deep learning in single-molecule microscopy: fundamentals, caveats, and recent developments [Invited]. Biomed Opt Express 2020; 11:1633-1661. [PMID: 32206433 PMCID: PMC7075610 DOI: 10.1364/boe.386361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Deep learning-based data analysis methods have gained considerable attention in all fields of science over the last decade. In recent years, this trend has reached the single-molecule community. In this review, we will survey significant contributions of the application of deep learning in single-molecule imaging experiments. Additionally, we will describe the historical events that led to the development of modern deep learning methods, summarize the fundamental concepts of deep learning, and highlight the importance of proper data composition for accurate, unbiased results.
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13
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Möckl L, Roy AR, Petrov PN, Moerner WE. Accurate and rapid background estimation in single-molecule localization microscopy using the deep neural network BGnet. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:60-67. [PMID: 31871202 PMCID: PMC6955367 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1916219117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background fluorescence, especially when it exhibits undesired spatial features, is a primary factor for reduced image quality in optical microscopy. Structured background is particularly detrimental when analyzing single-molecule images for 3-dimensional localization microscopy or single-molecule tracking. Here, we introduce BGnet, a deep neural network with a U-net-type architecture, as a general method to rapidly estimate the background underlying the image of a point source with excellent accuracy, even when point-spread function (PSF) engineering is in use to create complex PSF shapes. We trained BGnet to extract the background from images of various PSFs and show that the identification is accurate for a wide range of different interfering background structures constructed from many spatial frequencies. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the obtained background-corrected PSF images, for both simulated and experimental data, lead to a substantial improvement in localization precision. Finally, we verify that structured background estimation with BGnet results in higher quality of superresolution reconstructions of biological structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Anish R Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Petar N Petrov
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - W E Moerner
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
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14
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Möckl L, Petrov PN, Moerner WE. Accurate phase retrieval of complex 3D point spread functions with deep residual neural networks. Appl Phys Lett 2019; 115:251106. [PMID: 32127719 PMCID: PMC7043838 DOI: 10.1063/1.5125252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Phase retrieval, i.e., the reconstruction of phase information from intensity information, is a central problem in many optical systems. Imaging the emission from a point source such as a single molecule is one example. Here, we demonstrate that a deep residual neural net is able to quickly and accurately extract the hidden phase for general point spread functions (PSFs) formed by Zernike-type phase modulations. Five slices of the 3D PSF at different focal positions within a two micrometer range around the focus are sufficient to retrieve the first six orders of Zernike coefficients.
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15
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Despras G, Möckl L, Heitmann A, Stamer I, Bräuchle C, Lindhorst TK. A Photoswitchable Trivalent Cluster Mannoside to Probe the Effects of Ligand Orientation in Bacterial Adhesion. Chembiochem 2019; 20:2373-2382. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Despras
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic ChemistryChristiana Albertina University of Kiel Otto-Hahn-Platz 3–4 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS)University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstrasse 11 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Anne Heitmann
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic ChemistryChristiana Albertina University of Kiel Otto-Hahn-Platz 3–4 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Insa Stamer
- Department of Chemistry EducationLeibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education Olshausenstrasse 62 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS)University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstrasse 11 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Thisbe K. Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic ChemistryChristiana Albertina University of Kiel Otto-Hahn-Platz 3–4 24118 Kiel Germany
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16
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Möckl L, Pedram K, Roy AR, Krishnan V, Gustavsson AK, Dorigo O, Bertozzi CR, Moerner WE. Quantitative Super-Resolution Microscopy of the Mammalian Glycocalyx. Dev Cell 2019; 50:57-72.e6. [PMID: 31105009 PMCID: PMC6675415 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian glycocalyx is a heavily glycosylated extramembrane compartment found on nearly every cell. Despite its relevance in both health and disease, studies of the glycocalyx remain hampered by a paucity of methods to spatially classify its components. We combine metabolic labeling, bioorthogonal chemistry, and super-resolution localization microscopy to image two constituents of cell-surface glycans, N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) and sialic acid, with 10-20 nm precision in 2D and 3D. This approach enables two measurements: glycocalyx height and the distribution of individual sugars distal from the membrane. These measurements show that the glycocalyx exhibits nanoscale organization on both cell lines and primary human tumor cells. Additionally, we observe enhanced glycocalyx height in response to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and to oncogenic KRAS activation. In the latter case, we trace increased height to an effector gene, GALNT7. These data highlight the power of advanced imaging methods to provide molecular and functional insights into glycocalyx biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kayvon Pedram
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anish R Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Venkatesh Krishnan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anna-Karin Gustavsson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oliver Dorigo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - W E Moerner
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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17
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Shurer CR, Kuo JCH, Roberts LM, Gandhi JG, Colville MJ, Enoki TA, Pan H, Su J, Noble JM, Hollander MJ, O'Donnell JP, Yin R, Pedram K, Möckl L, Kourkoutis LF, Moerner WE, Bertozzi CR, Feigenson GW, Reesink HL, Paszek MJ. Physical Principles of Membrane Shape Regulation by the Glycocalyx. Cell 2019; 177:1757-1770.e21. [PMID: 31056282 PMCID: PMC6768631 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cells bend their plasma membranes into highly curved forms to interact with the local environment, but how shape generation is regulated is not fully resolved. Here, we report a synergy between shape-generating processes in the cell interior and the external organization and composition of the cell-surface glycocalyx. Mucin biopolymers and long-chain polysaccharides within the glycocalyx can generate entropic forces that favor or disfavor the projection of spherical and finger-like extensions from the cell surface. A polymer brush model of the glycocalyx successfully predicts the effects of polymer size and cell-surface density on membrane morphologies. Specific glycocalyx compositions can also induce plasma membrane instabilities to generate more exotic undulating and pearled membrane structures and drive secretion of extracellular vesicles. Together, our results suggest a fundamental role for the glycocalyx in regulating curved membrane features that serve in communication between cells and with the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn R Shurer
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Joe Chin-Hun Kuo
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | | | - Jay G Gandhi
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | | | - Thais A Enoki
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Hao Pan
- Field of Biophysics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jin Su
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jade M Noble
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Michael J Hollander
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - John P O'Donnell
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Rose Yin
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Kayvon Pedram
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lena F Kourkoutis
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - W E Moerner
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gerald W Feigenson
- Field of Biophysics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Heidi L Reesink
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Matthew J Paszek
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Field of Biophysics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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18
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Beil A, Steudel FA, Bräuchle C, Grützmacher H, Möckl L. Bisacylphosphane oxides as photo-latent cytotoxic agents and potential photo-latent anticancer drugs. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6003. [PMID: 30979960 PMCID: PMC6461680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42026-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisacylphosphane oxides (BAPOs) are established as photoinitiators for industrial applications. Light irradiation leads to their photolysis, producing radicals. Radical species induce oxidative stress in cells and may cause cell death. Hence, BAPOs may be suitable as photolatent cytotoxic agents, but such applications have not been investigated yet. Herein, we describe for the first time a potential use of BAPOs as drugs for photolatent therapy. We show that treatment of the breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 and of breast epithelial cells MCF-10A with BAPOs and UV irradiation induces apoptosis. Cells just subjected to BAPOs or UV irradiation alone are not affected. The induction of apoptosis depend on the BAPO and the irradiation dose. We proved that radicals are the active species since cells are rescued by an antioxidant. Finally, an optimized BAPO-derivative was designed which enters the cells more efficiently and thus leads to stronger effects at lower doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Beil
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.,ABB Switzerland Ltd., Corporate Research Segelhofstrasse 1K, 5405 Baden-Dättwil, Switzerland
| | - Friederike A Steudel
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 11, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Grützmacher
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 11, 81377, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA.
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19
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Raddaoui N, Stazzoni S, Möckl L, Viverge B, Geiger F, Engelke H, Bräuchle C, Carell T. Dendrimer-Based Signal Amplification of Click-Labelled DNA in Situ. Chembiochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nada Raddaoui
- Center for Integrated Protein Science (CiPSM); Department of Chemistry; LMU München; Butenandtstrasse 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Samuele Stazzoni
- Center for Integrated Protein Science (CiPSM); Department of Chemistry; LMU München; Butenandtstrasse 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Center for Integrated Protein Science (CiPSM); Department of Chemistry; LMU München; Butenandtstrasse 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Bastien Viverge
- Center for Integrated Protein Science (CiPSM); Department of Chemistry; LMU München; Butenandtstrasse 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Florian Geiger
- Center for Integrated Protein Science (CiPSM); Department of Chemistry; LMU München; Butenandtstrasse 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Hanna Engelke
- Center for Integrated Protein Science (CiPSM); Department of Chemistry; LMU München; Butenandtstrasse 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Center for Integrated Protein Science (CiPSM); Department of Chemistry; LMU München; Butenandtstrasse 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Thomas Carell
- Center for Integrated Protein Science (CiPSM); Department of Chemistry; LMU München; Butenandtstrasse 5-13 81377 München Germany
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20
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Kolbe K, Möckl L, Sohst V, Brandenburg J, Engel R, Malm S, Bräuchle C, Holst O, Lindhorst TK, Reiling N. Back Cover: Azido Pentoses: A New Tool To Efficiently Label Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Clinical Isolates (ChemBioChem 13/2017). Chembiochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kolbe
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry; Christiana Albertina University of Kiel; Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4 24118 Kiel Germany
- Microbial Interface Biology; Research Center Borstel; Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences; Parkallee 22 23845 Borstel Germany
- Present address: Tuberculosis Research Section; NIAID; NIH; 33 North Drive Bethesda MD 20814 USA
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; Butenandstrasse 11 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Victoria Sohst
- Microbial Interface Biology; Research Center Borstel; Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences; Parkallee 22 23845 Borstel Germany
| | - Julius Brandenburg
- Microbial Interface Biology; Research Center Borstel; Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences; Parkallee 22 23845 Borstel Germany
| | - Regina Engel
- Structural Biochemistry; Research Center Borstel; Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences; Parkallee 4 23845 Borstel Germany
| | - Sven Malm
- Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology; Research Center Borstel; Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences; Parkallee 22 23845 Borstel Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; Butenandstrasse 11 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Otto Holst
- Structural Biochemistry; Research Center Borstel; Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences; Parkallee 4 23845 Borstel Germany
| | - Thisbe K. Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry; Christiana Albertina University of Kiel; Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Norbert Reiling
- Microbial Interface Biology; Research Center Borstel; Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences; Parkallee 22 23845 Borstel Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF); Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel; Parkallee 1-40 23845 Borstel Germany
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21
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Kolbe K, Möckl L, Sohst V, Brandenburg J, Engel R, Malm S, Bräuchle C, Holst O, Lindhorst TK, Reiling N. Azido Pentoses: A New Tool To Efficiently Label Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolates. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1172-1176. [PMID: 28249101 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the main causative agent of tuberculosis (Tb), has a complex cell envelope which forms an efficient barrier to antibiotics, thus contributing to the challenges of anti-tuberculosis therapy. However, the unique Mtb cell wall can be considered an advantage and be utilized to selectively label Mtb bacteria. Here we introduce three azido pentoses as new compounds for metabolic labeling of Mtb: 3-azido arabinose (3AraAz), 3-azido ribose (3RiboAz), and 5-azido arabinofuranose (5AraAz). 5AraAz demonstrated the highest level of Mtb labeling and was efficiently incorporated into the Mtb cell wall. All three azido pentoses can be easily used to label a variety of Mtb clinical isolates without influencing Mtb-dependent phagosomal maturation arrest in infection studies with human macrophages. Thus, this metabolic labeling method offers the opportunity to attach desired molecules to the surface of Mtb bacteria in order to facilitate investigation of the varying virulence characteristics of different Mtb clinical isolates, which influence the outcome of a Tb infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kolbe
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
- Microbial Interface Biology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Parkallee 22, 23845, Borstel, Germany
- Present address: Tuberculosis Research Section, NIAID, NIH, 33 North Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandstrasse 11, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Victoria Sohst
- Microbial Interface Biology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Parkallee 22, 23845, Borstel, Germany
| | - Julius Brandenburg
- Microbial Interface Biology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Parkallee 22, 23845, Borstel, Germany
| | - Regina Engel
- Structural Biochemistry, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Parkallee 4, 23845, Borstel, Germany
| | - Sven Malm
- Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Parkallee 22, 23845, Borstel, Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandstrasse 11, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Otto Holst
- Structural Biochemistry, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Parkallee 4, 23845, Borstel, Germany
| | - Thisbe K Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Norbert Reiling
- Microbial Interface Biology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Parkallee 22, 23845, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel, Parkallee 1-40, 23845, Borstel, Germany
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22
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Vater M, Möckl L, Gormanns V, Fademrecht CS, Mallmann AM, Ziegart-Sadowska K, Zaba M, Frevert ML, Bräuchle C, Holsboer F, Rein T, Schmidt U, Kirmeier T. Corrigendum: New insights into the intracellular distribution pattern of cationic amphiphilic drugs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46011. [PMID: 28382963 PMCID: PMC5382531 DOI: 10.1038/srep46011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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23
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Uhl B, Hirn S, Immler R, Mildner K, Möckl L, Sperandio M, Bräuchle C, Reichel CA, Zeuschner D, Krombach F. The Endothelial Glycocalyx Controls Interactions of Quantum Dots with the Endothelium and Their Translocation across the Blood-Tissue Border. ACS Nano 2017; 11:1498-1508. [PMID: 28135073 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the engineering of nanoparticles (NPs), which represent particles of less than 100 nm in one external dimension, led to an increasing utilization of nanomaterials for biomedical purposes. A prerequisite for their use in diagnostic and therapeutic applications, however, is the targeted delivery to the site of injury. Interactions between blood-borne NPs and the vascular endothelium represent a critical step for nanoparticle delivery into diseased tissue. Here, we show that the endothelial glycocalyx, which constitutes a glycoprotein-polysaccharide meshwork coating the luminal surface of vessels, effectively controls interactions of carboxyl-functionalized quantum dots with the microvascular endothelium. Glycosaminoglycans of the endothelial glycocalyx were found to physically cover endothelial adhesion and signaling molecules, thereby preventing endothelial attachment, uptake, and translocation of these nanoparticles through different layers of the vessel wall. Conversely, degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx promoted interactions of these nanoparticles with microvascular endothelial cells under the pathologic condition of ischemia-reperfusion, thus identifying the injured endothelial glycocalyx as an essential element of the blood-tissue border facilitating the targeted delivery of nanomaterials to diseased tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Uhl
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hirn
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Immler
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Karina Mildner
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine , 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph A Reichel
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dagmar Zeuschner
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine , 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Fritz Krombach
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 81377 Munich, Germany
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24
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Möckl L, Hirn S, Torrano AA, Uhl B, Bräuchle C, Krombach F. The glycocalyx regulates the uptake of nanoparticles by human endothelial cells in vitro. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:207-217. [PMID: 28078967 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the role of the endothelial glycocalyx (eGCX) for the uptake of nanoparticles by endothelial cells. METHODS The expression of the eGCX on cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells was determined by immunostaining of heparan sulfate. Enzymatic degradation of the eGCX was achieved by incubating the cells with eGCX-shedding enzymes. The uptake of 50-nm polystyrene nanospheres was quantified by confocal microscopy. RESULTS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells expressed a robust eGCX when cultured for 10 days. The uptake of both carboxylated and aminated polystyrene nanospheres was significantly increased in cells in which the glycocalyx was enzymatically degraded, while it remained at a low level in cells with an intact glycocalyx. CONCLUSION The eGCX constitutes a barrier against the internalization of blood-borne nanoparticles by endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 11, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hirn
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Adriano A Torrano
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 11, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Uhl
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 11, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Fritz Krombach
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
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25
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Evers J, Möckl L, Oehlinger G, Köppe R, Schnöckel H, Barkalov O, Medvedev S, Naumov P. More Than 50 Years after Its Discovery in SiO2 Octahedral Coordination Has Also Been Established in SiS2 at High Pressure. Inorg Chem 2016; 56:372-377. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Evers
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gilbert Oehlinger
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstraße 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf Köppe
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Engesserstraße 15, Gebäude 30.45, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hansgeorg Schnöckel
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Engesserstraße 15, Gebäude 30.45, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Oleg Barkalov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Ossipyan Street 2, Chernogolovka,
Moscow District, 142432, Russia
| | - Sergey Medvedev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Pavel Naumov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific
Research Center “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prospekt 59, Moscow, 119333, Russia
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26
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27
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Möckl L, Fessele C, Despras G, Bräuchle C, Lindhorst TK. En route from artificial to natural: Evaluation of inhibitors of mannose-specific adhesion of E. coli under flow. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:2031-6. [PMID: 27345501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the properties of six Escherichia coli adhesion inhibitors under static and under flow conditions. On mannan-covered model substrates and under static conditions, all inhibitors were able to almost completely abolish lectin-mediated E. coli adhesion. On a monolayer of living human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1), the inhibitors reduced adhesion under static conditions as well, but a large fraction of bacteria still managed to adhere even at highest inhibitor concentrations. In contrast, under flow conditions E. coli did not exhibit any adhesion to HMEC-1 not even at inhibitor concentrations where significant adhesion was detected under static conditions. This indicates that the presence of shear stress strongly affects inhibitor properties and must be taken into account when evaluating the potency of bacterial adhesion inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 11, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Fessele
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Guillaume Despras
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 11, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Thisbe K Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
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28
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Möckl L, Lindhorst TK, Bräuchle C. Inside Cover: Artificial Formation and Tuning of Glycoprotein Networks on Live Cell Membranes: A Single-Molecule Tracking Study (ChemPhysChem 6/2016). Chemphyschem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; Butenandtstr. 11 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Thisbe K. Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry; Christiana Albertina University of Kiel; Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; Butenandtstr. 11 81377 Munich Germany
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29
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Möckl L, Lindhorst TK, Bräuchle C. Artificial Formation and Tuning of Glycoprotein Networks on Live Cell Membranes: A Single-Molecule Tracking Study. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:829-35. [PMID: 26698366 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We present a method to artificially induce network formation of membrane glycoproteins and show the precise tuning of their interconnection on living cells. For this, membrane glycans are first metabolically labeled with azido sugars and then tagged with biotin by copper-free click chemistry. Finally, these biotin-tagged membrane proteins are interconnected with streptavidin (SA) to form an artificial protein network in analogy to a lectin-induced lattice. The degree of network formation can be controlled by the concentration of SA, its valency, and the concentration of biotin on membrane proteins. This was verified by investigation of the spatiotemporal dynamics of the SA-protein networks employing single-molecule tracking. It was also proven that this network formation strongly influences the biologically relevant process of endocytosis as it is known from natural lattices on the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 11, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Thisbe K Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 11, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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30
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Abstract
First contact between bacterial and target cells can be photocontrolled by E/Z isomerisation of azobenzene glycosides, employed in metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Möckl
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
- D-81377 Munich
- Germany
| | - A. Müller
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Christiana Albertina University of Kiel
- D-24118 Kiel
- Germany
| | - C. Bräuchle
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
- D-81377 Munich
- Germany
| | - T. K. Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Christiana Albertina University of Kiel
- D-24118 Kiel
- Germany
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Möckl L, Horst AK, Kolbe K, Lindhorst TK, Bräuchle C. Inside Cover: Microdomain Formation Controls Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Cell-Surface Glycoproteins (ChemBioChem 14/2015). Chembiochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Ludwig Maximilian University Munich; Butenandtstrasse 11 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Andrea K. Horst
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Hepatology; University Medical Center Hamburg; Martinistrasse 52 20246 Hamburg Germany
| | - Katharina Kolbe
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry; Christiana Albertina University of Kiel; Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Thisbe K. Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry; Christiana Albertina University of Kiel; Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Ludwig Maximilian University Munich; Butenandtstrasse 11 81377 Munich Germany
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Möckl L, Horst AK, Kolbe K, Lindhorst TK, Bräuchle C. Microdomain Formation Controls Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Cell-Surface Glycoproteins. Chembiochem 2015; 16:2023-8. [PMID: 26296625 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The effect of galectin-mediated microdomain formation on the spatiotemporal dynamics of glycosylated membrane proteins in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) was studied qualitatively and quantitatively by high-resolution fluorescence microscopy and artificially mimicked by metabolic glycoprotein engineering. Two types of membrane proteins, sialic acid-bearing proteins (SABPs) and mucin-type proteins (MTPs), were investigated. For visualization they were metabolically labeled with azido sugars and then coupled to a cyclooctyne-conjugated fluorescent dye by click chemistry. Both spatial (diffusion) and temporal (residence time) dynamics of SABPs and MTPs on the membrane were investigated after treatment with exogenous galectin-1 or -3. Strong effects of galectin-mediated lattice formation were observed for MTPs (decreased spatial mobility), but not for SABPs. Lattice formation also strongly decreased the turnover of MTPs (increased residence time on the cell membrane). The effects of galectin-mediated crosslinking was accurately mimicked by streptavidin-mediated crosslinking of biotin-tagged glycoproteins and verified by single-molecule tracking. This technique allows the induction of crosslinking of membrane proteins under precisely controlled conditions, thereby influencing membrane residence time and the spatial dynamics of glycans on the cell membrane in a controlled way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 11, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea K Horst
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Kolbe
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thisbe K Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christiana Albertina University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 11, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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Evers J, Mayer P, Möckl L, Oehlinger G, Köppe R, Schnöckel H. Two High-Pressure Phases of SiS2 as Missing Links between the Extremes of Only Edge-Sharing and Only Corner-Sharing Tetrahedra. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:1240-53. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501825r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Evers
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Leonhard Möckl
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gilbert Oehlinger
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf Köppe
- Karlsruher
Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Engesserstr.15, Gebäude 30.45, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hansgeorg Schnöckel
- Karlsruher
Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Engesserstr.15, Gebäude 30.45, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Brunner K, Harder J, Halbach T, Willibald J, Spada F, Gnerlich F, Sparrer K, Beil A, Möckl L, Bräuchle C, Conzelmann KK, Carell T. Cell-Penetrating and Neurotargeting Dendritic siRNA Nanostructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:1946-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Brunner K, Harder J, Halbach T, Willibald J, Spada F, Gnerlich F, Sparrer K, Beil A, Möckl L, Bräuchle C, Conzelmann KK, Carell T. Dendritische Nanostrukturen zur rezeptorvermittelten Aufnahme von siRNA in neurale Zellen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Möckl L, Lamb DC, Bräuchle C. Superhochauflösende Mikroskopie: Nobelpreis in Chemie 2014 für Eric Betzig, Stefan Hell und William E. Moerner. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Möckl L, Lamb DC, Bräuchle C. Super-resolved fluorescence microscopy: Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014 for Eric Betzig, Stefan Hell, and William E. Moerner. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13972-7. [PMID: 25371081 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A big honor for small objects: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014 was jointly awarded to Eric Betzig, Stefan Hell, and William E. Moerner "for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy". This Highlight describes how the field of super-resolution microscopy developed from the first detection of a single molecule in 1989 to the sophisticated techniques of today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Möckl
- Department for Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377 Munich (Germany)
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Mickler FM, Möckl L, Ruthardt N, Ogris M, Wagner E, Bräuchle C. Tuning nanoparticle uptake: live-cell imaging reveals two distinct endocytosis mechanisms mediated by natural and artificial EGFR targeting ligand. Nano Lett 2012; 12:3417-3423. [PMID: 22632479 DOI: 10.1021/nl300395q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic nanoparticles can be directed to cancer cells by incorporating selective targeting ligands. Here, we investigate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated endocytosis of gene carriers (polyplexes) either targeted with natural EGF or GE11, a short synthetic EGFR-binding peptide. Highly sensitive live-cell fluorescence microcopy with single particle resolution unraveled the existence of two different uptake mechanisms; EGF triggers accelerated nanoparticle endocytosis due to its dual active role in receptor binding and signaling activation. For GE11, an alternative EGFR signaling independent, actin-driven pathway is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke M Mickler
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377 München, Germany
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